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Gc 

973.74 
1251 
v. 2 
1707599 


M.  L. 


REYNOLDS  HISTORICAL 
GENEALOGY  COLLECTION 


\ 


l\L|lM9,V,fJ.T,y,PUBUC  LIBRARY 


3  1833  01085  6331 


THE 


Military  Annals  of  Temessee. 


CONFEDERATE. 


v.  a. 


FIRST  SERIES: 


EMBRACING 


A  REVIEW  OF  MILITARY  OPERATIONS. 


WITH 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Roils, 


COMPILED  FROM  ORIGINAL  AND  OFFICIAL  SOURCES, 


AND    EDITED    BY 

JOHN   BERRIEN   UNDSLEY,  M.D.,  D.D, 


Printed  for  Subscribers. 


NASHVILLE: 
J.    M.    LINDSLEY    &    CO.,    PUBLISHERS. 
25  South  Eighth  Street. 
lg&6. 

iCTROTYPED   AND   PRINTED    AT   THE   SOUTHERN    METHODIST    POBLSSHJJJg_gOO« 


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450  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


being  sick  from  the  miserable  water  we  had  to  drink  from  the  lagoons,  the  low 

lands  we  occupied,  and  poor  rations.  The  sieges  of  Port  Hudson  and  Yieksburg 
were  being  pressed  with  great  vigor  by  the  Federal  fleet  and  army.  We  could 
hear  the  roar  of  artillery  day  and  night  at  Vieksburg,  and  were  in  hourly  expec- 
tation of  the  surrender  of  Port  Hudson  and  of  being  ordered  to  theaid  of  Yieksburg. 
The  surrender  occurred  July  4.  and  the  night  before  preparations  were  made  for  our 
retreat  at  daylight,  as  the  besieging  army  was  then  at  liberty  to  pay  attention  to  us. 
The  retreat  continued  in  good  order  I  for  no  General  ever  equaled  Joseph  E.  John- 
ston in  a  retreat)  till  we  readied  Jackson,  where  he  had  prepared  to  make  a  stand. 
Earth-works  were  thrown  up,  artillery  was  placed  in  position,  and  every  pos- 
sible arrangement  was  made  for  a  fight.  The  siege  lasted  about  one  week, 
the  enemy  being  repulsed  in  every  assault,  but  the  disparity  of  numbers  and 
nature  of  the  country  forbade  a  regular  siege,  as  there  was  no  obstacle  to  their 
marching  to  our  rear.  Gen.  Johnston  therefore  withdrew  to  Meridian,  and  the 
Federal  army  to  Yieksburg.  Considering  that  we  were  under  fire  so  long,  our 
loss  was  light,  as  we  fought  from  our  earth-works,  always  repulsing  the  enemy  with 
heavy  loss. 

Our  brigade  went  into  camp  at  Enterprise,  and  remained  there  drilling  till 
about  September  10th,  when  we  were  ordered  to  the  aid  of  Gen.  Bragg,  who  was 
falling  back  from  Chattanooga.  In  a  railroad  accident  at  Cartersville,  Oa.,  the 
brigade  lost  some  seventy-five  killed  and  wounded — the  loss  falling  mostly  on  the 
Fiftieth  Tennessee  and  Colms's  Battalion.  We  arrived  at  Ringgold  the  evening  of 
September  17th,  and  before  going  into  camp  we  were  ordered  out  to  meet  a  raid  of 
.  Federal  cavalry;  but  they  soon  retired,  and  we  went  into  camp  with  orders  to  cook 
three  days  rations,  furnish  each  man  with  sixty  rounds  of  ammunition,  an  i  be 
prepared  to  march  at  a  minute's  notice.  At  sunrise  of  the  ISth  our  brigade  was 
ordered  to  march  to  the  front,  and  on  passing  through  Ringgold  the  cavalry  was 
|  hastily  sent  forward  to  meet  the  Federal  cavalry,  and  we  followed  immediately 

after  them.  Our  cavalry  drove  back  those  first  met,  but  it  was  soon  ascertained 
that  the  cavalry  of  the  entire  Federal  army  was  in  our  front  and  estimated  to  be 
at  least  ten  thousand.  Thereupon  five  brigades  of  infantry  were  placed  in  line 
of  battle,  with  a  skirmish  line  in  front,  and  with  all  our  cavalry  under  Gens. 
AV heeler  and  Forrest  formed  on  our  wings,  a  forward  march  was  ordered;  then 


I 

from  10  A.M.  till  dark  we  moved  forward  through  woods,  creeks,  and  field-,  con- 
stantly skirmishing  or  lighting  with  the  Federal  cavalry,  but  all  the  time  driving 
them  back  and  preventing  them  from  thinking  us.  Twice  during  the  evening  they 
went  into  camp,  but  each  time  we  drove  them  out  with  a  charge,  and  just  at  dark  we 
forced  them  back  to  their  infantry  supports,  where  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  com- 
menced, September  10,  1863.  We  bivouacked  on  our  arms  without  fires,  as  the 
*  Federal  army  was  in  front  of  us  and  moving  into  position  all  night,  and  we 
were  momentarily  expecting  an  attack.  It  was  intensely  cold  for  the  season,  and 
next  morning  showed  us  a  heavy  white  frost;  and  the  entire  army  of  Roseerans 
was  in  our  immediate  front  and  ready  for  battle.  Both  armies  were  getting  in 
line  and  maneuvering  for  position  till  about  1  p.m.,  when  the  battle  opened  upon  the 
extreme  right,  and  then  extended,  toward  the  center.  The  battle  was  a  stubb  >rn 
one  and  very  fierce,  but  finally  the  Confederates  succeeded  in  driving  the  Federal 
forces;  and  to  counteract  this  the  Federals,  about  '4  r\>r..  made  a  furious  a:t:.ck 
on  our  left  wing.      Gregg's  brigade  occupied  the  extreme  left,  Suggs's   Fiftieth 


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Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       451 


Tennessee  Regiment  occupied  the  left  of  the  brigade,  and  the  Thirtieth  and  Tenth 
Tennessee  regiments  next.  Our  skirmish  line  was  being  driven  in  very  rapidly, 
and  I  was  ordered  by  Gen.  Gregg  to  go  forward  and  find  out  the  cause  of  this. 
I  could  not  get  any  thing  out  of  the  pickets  or  rally  them  as  they  rushed  ;»:i^t  rae 
so  I  stopped  and  took  a  peep  through  the  thick  young  pines,  and  in  fifty  yards 
of  me  two  lines  of  Federals  were  rapidly  advancing.  Just  as  I  turned  to  retreat 
I  was  shot  nearly  through  my  right  breast  by  a  Minie-ball,  but  succeeded  in  reach- 
ing our  lines  before  falling. 

The  left  of  the  army  was  commanded  by  Gen.  Hood.  Our  forces  were  drawn  up 
in  two  lines,  and  just  as  I  reached  my  brigade  both  sides  opened  at  close  range 
with  an  earnestness  and  deadly  furor  that  I  have  never  seen  equaled.  In  a  few 
minutes  one-third  of  our  brigade  had  been  shot  down  in  their  tracks,  either  killed 
or  wounded.  They  were  too  brave  to  retreat,  and  would  not  advance  until  or- 
dered; but  finally  the  second  line  was  pushed  forward  to  aid  us,  and  both  lines 
charged  the  enemy,  driving  them  some  distance.  The  enemy  were  reenforced, 
and  our  men  returned,  re-formed,  and  again  drove  them.  At  this  point  I  was 
carried  back  to  Chickamauga  Creek,  received  surgical  aid,  and  remained  there  till 
Sunday  evening,  when  I  was  sent  to  a  hospital  in  Atlanta. 

During  the  entire  evening  the  battle  on  the  lt-i\  was  a  very  severe  one,  bat 
without  any  definite  result  to  either  side.  No  grander  or  nobler  example  of  her- 
oism was  ever  shown  than  by  Gregg's  brigade  of  Tennesseans  and  Texans  that 
fatal  Saturday  evening.  Not  a  man  left  his  place  when  wounded  till  one-third 
had  fallen  in  their  ranks,  and  for  three  hundred  yards  our  line  was  clearly  marked 
by  the  dead  and  dying.  The  field  officers  of  the  Thirtieth  all  being  wounded  or 
absent,  Capt.  Douglass  commanded  as  senior  officer  late  Saturday  evening  and  all 
day  Sunday.  On  Sunday  morning,  Sept.  20,  the  battle  did  not  commence  till  10 
o'eloek;  but  then  it  opened  along  the  entire  line,  and  soon  I  could  hear  the 
sound  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  pieces  of  artillery  and  some  one  hundred  and 
twenty-five  thousand  muskets  until  it  was  merged  into  one  continuous  roar,  and 
no  distinct  discharge  of  artillery  or  musketry  could  be  heard. 

Five  division  hospitals  were  located  near  where  I  was  lying,  and  it  seemed  that 
in  a  short  time  the  entire  army  would  be  back  there  wounded.  Gradually  the  tir- 
ing receded  toward  Chattanooga.  Once  in  awhile  1  could  hear  the  rebel  yell  above 
the  roar  of  battle;  and  who  that  has  once  heard  it  can  ever  forget  the  yell  (  f 
five  thousand  Confederates  rushing  on  to  victory  or  death?  Our  brigade  contin- 
ued in  the  fight  till  Sunday  night,  sometimes  driving  the  enemy  and  sometimes 
being  driven  by  superior  numbers.  The  loss  of  officers  killed  and  wounded  was 
fearful.  At  the  close  of  the  battle  the  brigade  was  commanded  by  Col.  SiiggSj  Gen. 
Gregg  having  been  severely  wounded.  Regiments  were  commanded  by  Captains, 
companies  by  Lieutenants  and  Sergeants. 

The  loss  of  our  brigade  and  of  the  Thirtieth  Tennessee  was  one-half  of  those 
who  entered  the  fight  Saturday  morning.  The  survivors  all  came  out  with  new 
guns  and  cartridge-boxes  which  they  had  taken  from  the  enemy,  not  having  been 
supplied  at  all  in  two  days  with  ammunition  from  our  side.  Gregg's  brigade  was 
engaged  all  day  Sunday,  and  during  Sunday  evening  charged  one  point  six  times, 
finally  holding  it,  together  with  a  buttery  of  artillery  they  captured.  After  these 
various  charges,  the  Tenth  and  Thirtieth  regiments  had  but  few  men  not  dead 
or  disabled. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2012 


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•152  MiLiTAii'i  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


The  battle  was  fought  between  Southern  and  Northern  troops,  and  with  a  stub- 
bornness and  bravery  not  excelled,  if  equaled,  by  any  other  contest  of  the  en  tin;  w  ar; 
and  though  outnumbered  to  some  extent,  our  army  had  obtained  a  great  and  glo- 
rious  victory.     A  Stonewall  Jackson  or  a  Bedford  Forrest  would  have  forced  the 

surrender  of  the  Federal  army  on  Monday;  but  the  fruits  of  the  great  victory 
were  completely  thrown  away,  and  without  cause. 

I  was  unable  to  return  to  my  command  till  a  day  or  so  before  the  battle  of  Mis- 
sionary Ridge  (November  25).  When  I  returned  I  found  the  brigade  reorganized. 
Gen.  Gregg  had  been  sent  to  the  Army  o(  Virginia,  where  he  was  afterward  killed 
in  battle,  and  Col.  Tyler  was  commanding  the  brigade.  We  were  assigned  to  Gen. 
Bate's  division.  Many  of  the  wounded  had  returned  for  duty,  but  many  others 
had  died  or  were  maimed  for  life.  Constant  skirmishing  and  shelling  were  going 
on,  and  ou  the  25th  of  November  Hooker's  division  attacked  our  troops,  located 
on  Lookout  Mountain.  Our  brigade  was  stationed  a  short  distance  from  and  in 
full  view  of  tiie  mountain,  and  with  fearful  interest  we  saw  the  celebrated  battle 
above  the  clouds.  Foot  by  foot  the  Federals  fought  up  that  steep  and  rugged 
mountain,  facing  death  at  every  step.  The  evening  was  wet  and  murky,  and 
the  smoke  ami  clouds  obscured  a  view  of  the  troops;  but  tiie  tiring  and  yelling 
above  the  clouds  soon  indicated  that  our  forces  were  blowly  retiring  before  supe- 
rior numbers,  yet  contesting  every  inch  of  ground  till  the  top  was  reached,  from 
which  they  were  force;!  to  a  rapid  retreat  after  a  contest  of  some  five  hours.  This 
compelled  the  entire  army  of  Gen.  Bragg  to  give  up  the  valley  in  front  ot  Chat- 
tanooga that  night  and  retire  to  Missionary  Kidge,  which  we  did  in  good  order 
before  daylight. 

This  ridge  averages  a  height  of  from  one  hundred  and  fifty  to  two  hundred  feet. 
It  is  quite  steep,  and  might  have  been  easily  fortified,  but  no  orders  to  that  erieet 
were  given;  and  up  to  within  an  hour  of  the  commencement  of  the  battle  offi<  ers 
and  men  were  in  doubt  as  to  whether  we  were  to  retreat  or  tight.  From  our  po- 
sition on  Missionary  Ridge,  Chattanooga,  the  Tennessee  River,  Lookout  Mount- 
ain, and  the  valley  of  some  miles  in  length  and  breadth,  were  in  full  view.  By 
10  a.m.  we  could  see  the  Federal  army  crossing  the  river  and  moving  into  posi- 
tion with  the  intention  of  a  forward  movement  and  attack.  By  3  p.m.  some  fifty 
thousand  troops  were  in  our  immediate  fr^ont  and  marching  in  two  lines  of  battle 
to  the  foot  of  the  ridge,  while  Schofield's  corps  was  Hanking  our  position  oh  the 
left.  As  soon  as  the  Federals  came  n  ithin  range  our  artillery  opened  on  them,  and 
continued  the  tire  till  they  reached  the  ridge:  but  the  lire  was  not  effective,  owing 
to  the  plunging  shots.  The  Federal  army  gained  the  foot  of  the  ridire  in  goo  1 
order.  As  they  commenced  ascending,  our  muskets  again  opened  tire  upon  them, 
but  with  little  effect,  as  it  was  evident  our  troops  were  overshooting  them  to  a 
great  extent. 

The  position  occupied  by  my  command — the  Tenth  and  Thirtieth  regiment- — 
was  only  a  good  skirmish  line,  and  as  we  were  heavily  assaulted  some  three  bat- 
talions and  parts  of  regiments  were  stilt  to  our  assistance.  We  drove  the  enemy 
in  our  front  and  wings  tar  down  the  ridge.  I  wa,s  pressing  them  when  Cant.  Tur- 
ner hurried  up  and  informed  me  that  Day's  and.  Mamgault's  brigades  had  broken 
on  our  left  and  right,  and  I  then  saw  that  the  Federals  occupied  the  ridge  at  these 
points,  and  were  turning  our  own  artillery  on  us.  I  ordered  an  immediate  retreat 
to  the  top  of  the  ridge.     I  could  then  see  our  force-,  except  our  brigade,  retreat- 


Eegiaiental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


453 


ing  in  great  disorder,  Our  brigade  then  consisted  of  the  Tenth,  Fifteenth,  Twen- 
tieth, Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-seventh  Tennessee  regiments,  the  Thirty-seventh 
Georgia,  and  Caswell's  battalion  of  sharp-shooters.    As  we  started  to  retreat  from 

the  ridge  (Jul.  Tyler  was  severely  wounded,  and  i  assumed  command  of  the  bri- 
gade as  tiie  senior  officer.  We  it  11  back  about  fifteen  hundred  yards  to  where 
there  was  a  considerable  ridge,  and  where  Gen.  Bragg  and  staff  were  attempting 
to  rally  the  army  and  make  a  stand:  but  he  had  lost  the  confidence  of  the  army, 
and  officers  and  men  dashed  by  without  heeding  his  commands  or  appeals.  Our 
brigade  was  in  good  condition,  and  on  reaching  this  ridge  I  halted  it  and  in  a  few 
minutes  had  a  line  of  battle  formed  across  the  road.  ( Mir  division  commander  di- 
rected me  to  follow  on  to  the  pontoon  bridge  at  Chickainanga  Creek,  the  sun  then 
being  nearly  an  hour  high.  Cobb's  battery  and  a  number  of  detached  soldiers, 
numbering  some  five  hundred,  came  up  and  fell  into  our  line  of  battle.  As  ail 
the  Generals  had  left  and  we  were  free  to  act  independently,  we  concluded  to  stop 
the  Federal  forces  at  this  point  till  darkness  should  arrest  their  advance.  Cobb's 
battery  opened  upon  the  enemy  vigorously,  and  1  directed  Major  Caswell  to  de- 
ploy his  battalion  of  sharp?shooters,  consisting  of  five  companies  splendidly  drilled 
and  armed,  and  cover  our  front  and  feel  of  the  encmy;  and  if  farced  to  retire  to 
do  so  slowly  and  contest  every  inch  of  ground.  The  order  was  executed  to  the 
letter,  as  this  command  never  failed  to  do  its  duty.  Soon  they  were  hotly  engage..!, 
and  though  compelled  by  force  of  superior  numbers  to  retreat,  they  did  so  re:y 
gradually,  holding  a  large  force  in  check  till  dark,  when  they  fell  back,  and  took 
position  in  our  line. 

As  soon  as  the  Federals  came  in  range  both  sides  opened  with  great  spirit.  We 
had  the  advantage  of  position  and  full  knowledge  of  the  ground,  but  were  cur- 
numbered  by  at  least  three  to  one.  The  Federals  had  advanced  to  close  range, 
and  the  tiring  was  very  severe.  In  the  meantime  the  brigade  was  nearly  out  of 
ammunition,  and  it  was  quite  dark,  being  at  least  an  hour  alter  sunset.  At  this 
juncture  Gen.  Breckinridge  and  a  part  of  his  staff  came  up  from  the  rear  and  in- 
quired what  command  it  was  and  why  remaining  there.  I  informed  him,  and 
he  said  his  entire  command  had  been  broken  and  were  retreating,  and  that  hear- 
ing the  firing  he  came  to  it,  but  ordered  me  to  retire  at  once,  as  we  were  sur- 
rounded on  all  sides  except  the  rear  1  y  overwhelming  forces.  I  issued  the  order 
for  a  retreat,  yet  nothing  but  the  darkness  and  our  knowledge  of  the  roads  enabled 
us  to  get  out,  as  some  of  the  regiments  on  the  right  of  the  line  came  out  to  the 
roads  in  a  few  yards  of  the  Federal  line. 

The  line  of  retreat  was  taken  up  in  good  order  and  without  pursuit,  and  we 
reached  Chickamauga  Creek  about  midnight  and  just  as  they  were  preparing  to 
remove  the  pontoon.  Gen.  Hardee  had  maintained  his  position  on  the  right,  and 
at  night  retreated  in  good  order;  but  two-thirds  of  the  army  seemed  to  be  disor- 
ganized and  badly  demoralized,  and  many  had  thrown  away  their  guns  in  retreating 
the  night  before.  At  daylight  the  retreat  continued,  the  Federal  army  pressing 
our  rear,  mile  by  mile  till  tiie  gallant  Cleburne  whipped  and  drove  them  hack  at 
Taylors  Ividge,  and  the  latter  part  of  this  battle  being  hand-to-hand.  Our 
brigade  remained  in  the  rear,  helping  to  protect  it  and  keeping  it  in  perfect  or- 
der till  the  retreat  ceased  at  Dalton.  Here  Bragg's  army  went  into  camp  tot  tiie 
winter,  while  the  federal  army  occupied  Chattanooga  and  the  railroad  to  Ring- 
gold.    Gen.  Bragg  was  relieved  in  a  few  days,  and  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  as- 


454 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


sumed  command.  He  found  the  army  much  depleted,  poorly  armed,  equipped,  and 
clothed,  and  badly  demoralized;  but  with  his  wonderful  capacity  for  organization 
he  soon  had  this  remedied,  and  by  spring  he  had  a  splendid  army,  full  of  confi- 
dence in  their  General  and  his  ability  to  win  success. 

Gen.  T.  B.  Smith  relieved  me  of  the  command  of  the  b tirade  some  time  in  De- 
cember, and  I  took  charge  of  my  old  command,  the  Thirtieth  and  Tenth  Tennessee. 

Very  little  of  interest  occurred  in  this  many  from  December  till  May ;  every  ef- 
fort, however,  was  made  to  drill,  discipline,  and  recruit  the  same,  in  which  we 
were  eminently  successful;  and  the  army  had  acquired  the  greatest  confidence  iu 
Gen.  Johnston's  prudence  and  generalship. 

During  the  winter  the  Federals  made  a  feint  or  two,  but  on  the  1st  of  May, 
1864,  their  entire  army  commenced  a  forward  movement.  It  then  numbere  1 
not  less  than  seventy-rive  thousand,  while  ours  barely  reached  fifty  thousand; 
and  by  May  4  the  respective  armies  were  confronting  each  other  at  Rocky  Face 
Ridge*  This  wad  a  strong  position  and  well  fortified;  and  though  a  number  of 
small  engagements  occurred,  yet  we  repulsed  the  enemy  at  all  points.  Our  bri- 
gade occupied  a  position  to  the  left  of  the  road  and  reaching  to  the  summit  of  the 
ridge,  and  was  under  fire  several  times,  losing  a  few  men  from  the  artillery — one 
shell  bursting  in  quite  a  crowd  of  the  Tenth  and  Thirtieth  regiments,  killing  and 
wounding  some  ten  men.  As  the  Federals  could  not  drive  us  from  our  position 
after  trying  for  a  number  of  days,  Gen.  Sherman  commenced  flanking  it  on  the 
left,  which  maneuver  Gen.  Johnston  met  by  falling  back  and  again  fortifying. 
And  then  commenced  the  celebrated  Georgia  campaign  between  two  of  the  ablest 
Generals  that  were  produced  by  the  war. 

I  cannot  undertake  to  give  a  detailed  account  of  this  campaign,  as  space  forbids 
— lasting,  as  it  did,  from  May  4,  at  Rocky  Face  Ridge,  to  the  bloody  battle  of 
Jonesboro,  August  31.  There  were  not  ten  days  or  nights  of  the  four  months  in 
which  our  brigade  and  my  command  were  not  under  lire  for  some  hours.  We  in- 
trenched and  fought  till  flanked,  and  then  fell  back  and  again  intrenched — this 
being  kept  up  for  nearly  lour  months,  scarcely  a  day  passing  but  some  one  was 
killed  or  wounded;  yet  we  scarcely  ever  failed  to  inflict  greater  damage  on  our  ene- 
mies, as  we  nearly  always  fought  from  our  works.  Our  rations  were  cooked  and 
sent  to  us  from  the  rear,  and  much  of  the  time  we  were  required  to  keep  two  or 
three  days'  cooked  rations  on  hand,  ready  for  any  emergency.  Our  picket  lines 
were  usually  but  a  short  distance  in  front  of  the  intrenchments,  and  generally 
the  pickets  Avere  well  protected  by  riHe-pits  and  head-logs.  These  pits  usually 
held  from  four  to  eight  men,  and  were  from  forty  to  one  hundred  feet  apart;  and 
generally  there  was  a  regular  firing  upon  the  part  of  the  pickets,  so  as  to  keep 
the  lines  marked  and  prevent  any  surprises  or  a  sudden  rush.  Thousands  were 
killed  or  wounded  on  these  skirmish  lines,  the  deadly  sharp-shooters  on  both  sides 
getting  in  their  fatal  work  every  day. 

As  I  was  division  picket  officer  on  an  average  every  five  nights,  I  saw  much 
of  this  terrible  war  at  night — wthen  a  word  spoken,  the  stirring  of  a  leaf,  or  the 
cracking  of  a  stick,  brought  upon  you  a  volley  from  the  enemy.  For  four  months 
we  hail  no  tents,  and  most  of  that  time  had  to  remain  iu  the  trenches,  often  in 
mud.  or  be  picked  off  by  the  enemy's  sharp-shooters.  During  these  four  months 
I  was  not  inside  of  a  house,  and  very  rarely  in  a  tent. 

Having  had  my  right  ankle  injured  at  Rocky  Face  Ridge,  T  could  not  wear  a 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memokial  Rolls.         455 

boot  or  shoe  on  that  foot  during  the  campaign,  but  managed  to  keep  at  the  front 
and  on  duty. 

But  a  faint  idea  can  ever  be  formed  of  the  number  of  miles  of  intrenchments 
made  by  the  army  on  our  retreats;  and  I  can  only  approximate  it  from  a  diary 
kept  by  Capt.  Simpson,  Assistant  Quartermaster.  It  shows  that  he  occupied  some 
twenty-six  different  camps  during  the  campaign,  and  this  closely  approximates 
the  number  of  retreats,  or  fall-backs,  and  lines  of  intrenchment  during  the  four 
months;  and  as  each  line  would  average  four  miles,  it  makes  ab>ut  one  hundred 
miles  of  intrenehmcnfs  and  fortifications  built  by  our  army  during  this  period. 

As  the  armies  were  usually  in  hearing  of  each  oilier,  and  the  least  strange  noise 
attracted  the  attention  of  the  other  side,  a  retreat  was  generally  attended  with 
danger,  and  great  care  had  to  be  exercised.  As  Sherman's  army  greatly  outnum- 
bered that  of  Gen.  Johnston,  he  could  keep  a  full  force  in  our  front  and  com- 
mence flanking  with  a  corps;  of  which  Gen.  Wheeler — who  protected  the  wings 
with  his  cavalry — always  gave  timely  note. 

"When  the  division  picket  officer  went  on  duty  at  night  he  was  informed  os  to 
the  retreat,  and  was  usually  given  a  strong  picket  force,  who  were  carefully  in- 
structed in  their  duties.  Between  di.sk  and  2  o'clock  a.m.  the  infantry  would 
quietly  begin  to  retire,  the  artillery  often  being  moved  out  by  hand,  while  the 
pickets  would  keep  up  a  regular  fu.-ilade,  so  as  to  drown  all  noise.  After  the 
army  had  gotten  out  of  the  way,  and  sometimes  had  reached  their  new  position 
and  formed  a  new  line,  the  pickets  would  be  gradually  retired.  tl">se  remaining 
always  increasing  their  lire;  and  before  day  all  would  be  on  some  road  slowly  fall- 
ing back,  often  keeping  in  check  the  Federal  advance.  Gar  men  became  so  pro- 
ficient that  in  a  few  hours  they  could  fairly  intrench  themselves. 

Gen.  Johnston  rarely  risked  an  open  field  engagement,  but  carefully  'husbanded 
his  men  behind  his  earth-works,  and  inflicted  upon  the  enemy  a  terrible  loss,  the 
average  being  three  to  one — as  we  were  protected  by  our  works  and  the  enemy 
assauited  them.  His  retreats  have  never  been  surpassed.  The  morale  of  the  army 
had  been  fully  maintained,  he  had  lost  no  supplies  or  deserters,  and  was  gradual;  y 
drawing  out  and  weakening  his  wily  opponent;  but  just  as  he  had  the  Chattaho<- 
che  in  reai  of  his  enemies,  and  while  we  were  at  Peach-tree  Creek,  the  fatal  or- 
der of  July  IS  came,  relieving  him  and  assigning  Gen.  Hood  to  the  command  of 
the  Army  of  Tennessee.  It  was  a  sad  and  gloomy  day  to  officers  and  men — it 
seemed  that  every  one  had  lost  a  personal  friend.  All  admired  the  gallant  Hood 
as  a  division  or  corps  commander,  but  seemed  to  know  intuitively  that  the  mantle 
of  a  great  General  should  not  have  fallen  on  him,  and  that  with  Johnston  gone  little 
hope  of  success  was  left,  as  the  sequel  proved.  The  miserable  mistake  and  failure  by 
Hood  on  the  22d  of  July,  which  Gen.  Johnston  had  so  carefully  guarded  against — 
and  whose  plans,  had  they  been  carried  out  by  Hood,  would  have  resulted  in  an  easy 
capture  of  MoPherson's  corps  and  the  retreat  of  the  entire  Federal  army — con- 
vinced our  troops  that  Gen.  Hood  was  clearly  incompetent  to  handle  an  independ- 
dent  command.  The  next  thine:  was  to  lose  a  large  part  of  the  Federal  army. 
finding  it  at  last  when  it  was  well  on  its  way  to  Joneshom;  and  when  we  arrived 
there  it  had  intrenched  itself,  and  the  tactics  of  Gen.  Johnston  were  turned  upon 
us.  Never  can  our  brigade  forget  the  fatal  charge  at  Jonesbor©,  August  31,  upon 
the  well-intrenched  position  of  the  Federals,  protected  by  an  abatis,  trail-served 
artillery,  and  two  lines  of  infantry.     Our  commands  lost  fully  one-third  in  killed 


4d6  Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


and  wounded,  and  we  accomplished  nothing.  A  few  of  my  command  reached  the 
works,  but  simply  to  be  captured;  and  how  any  of  us  escaped  death  from  the  ter- 
rible artillery  tire  and  musketry  at  short  range,  is  something  I  have  never  under- 
stood.    My  only  brother,  Capt.  J.  H.  Turner,  while  Leading  his  company,  rea  Lved 

four  mortal  wounds  in  less  than  a  minute,  ami  as  I  saw  him  fall  1  was  struck,  by 
two  shots  and  disabled. 

At  the  close  of  the  Georgia  campaign.  I  found  that  the  Thirtieth  had  lost  about 
one-half  of  its  number  in  killed,  wounded,  and  captured — its  officers  sufii-ring  in 
|  greater  proportion. 

Ju&>t  after  the  battle  of  Jonesboro  the  army  was  visited  by  President  Davis, 
and  soon  it  was  reorganized  and  partially  strengthened  by  the  sick  and  wounded 
returning  to  their  commands;  and  preparation-,  were  hurried  forward  to  make  the 
campaign  to  Tennessee.  The  Thirtieth  was  in  the  entire  campaign  to  Nashville, 
being  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Franklin,  Murfreesboro,  and  Nashville,  and  Losing 
heavily.*  It  retreated  with  Hood's  army,  and  in  January  was  sent  to  North  Caro- 
lina, where  it  participated  in  the  battle  of  Bentonville;  and  upon  the  reorgani- 
zation the  last  of  April,  it  had  only  fifty  men  left  tit  for  duty.  We  retreated  with 
the  army  back  to  Charlotte,  where  the  surrender  of  Gen.  Lee's  army  was  ascer- 
tained; and  soon  the  terms  of  surrender  were  agreed  upon,  and  the  entire  army 
prepared  to  return,  under  the  old  Hag.  to  homes  that  had  been  desolated  by  four 
years  of  war — a  conflict  which,  in  many  respects,  has  no  parallel  in  ancient  or 
modern  times.  We  reached  our  State  about  the  loth  of  May,  1865,  not  having  seen 
E  our  homes,  friends,  or  families  since  the  fall  of  1861. 

Want  of  time  and  space  forbid  my  making  special  mention  of  the  many  brave 
men  and  officers  who  quit  their  homes  in  ISul  to  enlist  under  the  banner  of 
the  South,  giving  up  homes  and  families  to  fight  for  a  principle  that  was  dearer 
to  them  than  life  itself.  They  illustrated  upon  twenty-three  battle-iields,  in  pris- 
on, in  camp,  and  upon  the  tiresome  march,  all  the  heroism,  bravery,  and  capacity 
for  physical  endurance  of  trained  veterans.     To-day  many  till  unmarked  graves 

!in  other  States,  yet  their  many  acts  of  gallantry  deserve  at  the  hands  of  posterity 
some  permanent  memorial  that  will  show  to  future  generations  the  highest 
type  of  Southern  manhood,  which  this  contest  developed.  But  few  escaped  un- 
hurt those  four  years  of  war's  cruel  fate,  and  I  see  very  many  maimed  for  life  who, 
as  citizens,  illustrate  their  energy  and  other  noble  qualities. 

During  the  Tennessee  campaign  I  was  not  with  the  Thirtieth  Regiment,  but 
was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  first  brigade  of  Gen.  Lyons's  division  of  cav- 
alry. We  organized  in  December,  at  Paris,  and  started  with  eleven  hundred  men 
and  two  pieces  of  artillery,  crossing  the  Tennessee  River  on  flat-boats;  reached  the 
Cumberland  River  and  captured  a  large  steamer.  I  crossed  the  river,  and  then  capt- 
ured six  more  boats,  loaded  with  supplies  for  the  Federal  army  at  Nashville,  and 
burned  them.  We  then  burned  a  few  transports  near  Clarksville,  and  started  on 
our  raid,  capturing  Hopkinsville,  Trenton,  Cadiz,  Canton,  Hartford,  Elizabeth- 
town,  Noiin  Station,  Columbia,  Burksville,  Livingston,  Sparta,  and  McMinnville, 
and  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  at  Deposit,  reaching  Tuscaloosa  about  Jan.  lo, 
1865.  We  were  out  on  the  raid  forty-five  days,  and  swam  the  Tennessee,  Cum- 
berland, and  Green  rivers  twice,  hail  four  snows  on  us,  and  raptured  a  much  larger 
force  than  our  own.  Four  separate  Federal  cavalry  commands  attempted  to  catch 
us,  including  Gen.  McCook,  with  twenty-five  hundred  men;  yet  we  fought  them, 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


457 


and  kept  all  those  commands  off  of  us,  losing  but  few  of  our  number,  and  inflicted 
a  large  loss  upon  the  Federal  army. 

I  find  that  the  memorial  roll  of  the  Thirtieth  Tennessee  is  not  complete,  but 
the  loss  of  records  and  deaih  of  my  officers  prevent  it  being  made  perfect. 

To  the  survivors  of  the  Tenth  Tennessee  (Irish)  Regiment,  which  at  my  re- 
quest was  under  my  command  for  two  years,  I  desire  to  say  that  no  truer  or  braver 
soldiers  were  enlisted  under  the  banner  of  freedom. 


OjficlaL'] 


Thirtieth  Tennessee  Infantry. 


Colonel,  John  \V.  Head;  Lieutenant-colonel,  James  J.  Turner;  Major,  B.  G.  Bidwell;  Adju- 
tant, E.  T.  Bush ;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  5.  R.  Simpson  ;  Assistant  Commissary.  W.  G.  Pood. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  B.  G.  Bidwell. 
k.  in  the  battle  of  Chick- !  Clinard,  Brown,  d.  March 


Crockett,  Capt.  E.  B 

a  manga. 
Kizer,  R.  H.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Ckickamauga. 
Brakefield,  J.  JS\,  k.  in  the  battle  of"  Chicka- 

mauga. 
Poz.er,  W.  L.,  k.  in  thebattleof  Chickamauga. 
Fuqaa,  V-'.  L.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Felt?,  J.  J.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Chiekamauga. 
Lipscomb,  A.  G 

manga. 
Mcintosh,  J.  L 

manga. 
Savers,  W.  F.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga 
Pope,  J.  M.,  d.  at  Atlanta. 
Hallie,  J.  W.,  d.  March  4,  1864. 
Porter,  Vvr.  J.,  d. 

Woodar.l,  Amos,  k.  in  battle,  1863. 
Benton,  A.  G.,  d.  March  20,  1S62. 
Binkley,  A.,  d.  at  St.  Louis. 
Babb,  Young,  d.  Mar,  1862. 
Clinard,  M.,  d.  June  13, 1802. 


k.  in  the  battle  of  Chicka- 
k.  in  the  battle  of  Chicka- 


0,  18G2. 
Frey,  P.,  d.  Jan.  19,  1862. 
Frey,  J.  G..  d.  March  2,  1862. 
Hysrnuh,  W.  R,  d. 
Head,  A.  J.,  d.  March  7.  1>62. 
Holland,  R.,  d.  March  12,  18G2. 
Kizer,  J.  G.,  d.  .March  IT,  1SG2. 
Lipscomb,  George,  d.  "lay  27,  1S62. 
Powell  Baxter,  d.  -Tan.  o0,  18G2. 
Stark,  J.  M..  d.  March  17,  1862. 
Sawyers.  C.  W„  d.  March  1G,  1862. 
Waits,  T.  S.,  d.  Jan.  7,  18*2. 
Fuqua,  J.  B.,  d.  Dec.  17. 1*62. 
Clinard,  J.  S.,  d.  3tarch2,  186:;. 
Freeman,  J.  N\.  k.  at  Raymond, 
fioit,  D.  J.,  k.  at  Raymond. 

[Unofficial] 
Martin,  W.  G.,  killed  at  Murfree*boro,  1804 
Berkley,  T.  \V.,  k.  at  Jonesboro,  1894. 
Martin,  S.  F.,  k.  at  Kennesaw  Mountain,  laGi. 


COM 
Captain,  Wi 
Eubank,  Daniel  B.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Bigbee,  Lieut.  Robert  O.,  d.  March,  4,  1862. 
Pearson,  Samuel  A.,  d.  July  6,  1862. 
Woodard,  Daniel  B.,  d.  March  6,1862. 
Austin,  Samuel,  d.  .May  21,  1862. 
Adams,  Martin  V.,  d.  .May  7,  1862. 
Bigbee,  Thomas  J.,  d.  Aug.  8,  1862. 
Cummings,  Henry,  d.  March  2G,  1S62. 
Faullin,  Clayton  J.,  d.  March  2a3  lb62. 
Greer,  Thomas,  d.  July  18,  1*62. 
Garrett,  George  \V.,  d.  May  2">,  1862. 
Gossette,  Oliver,  d.  Jan.O,  1862. 
Henderson,  Samuel,  d.  May  27,  lS>'-2. 
Jones,  George  E.,  d.  May  12.  1862, 
Murray,  William  D..  d.  April  1, 1862. 
Sommerville,  Thomas  II. ,  d.  April  26,  1362. 
Taylor,  Joseph  W.,  <i.  April  1",  1862. 
Sommerville,  William  H.,  d.  April  15,  1862. 


PA  NY  B. 
Iliam  A.  Buntin. 
:  Smelsor,  Thomas  H.,  d.  May  2-',  1862. 
1  West,  Thomas,  d.  March  18,  1862. 
Warren.  W.  A.,  d.  May  17,  1862. 
Williams,  A.  H,  d.  March  23,  1862. 
Taylor,  D.  F.,  d.  Jan.  :j,  1862. 
Willis,  G.  E.,  k.  in  battle,  1*64. 

[Unofficial.) 

Taylor,  Capt.  0.  P.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro,  1864. 

Fizer,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Chiekamauaa.  186.;. 
j  Greer,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Big  Shanty,  La..  1^64. 
I  Greer,  T.  W.,  k.  while  a  prisoner,  1862. 
j  Garrett,  G.  W,  k.  whiU  a  prisoner,  1862. 
I  Gallaher.  J.  P.,  k.  at  Raymond,  1-  ■  . 
I  .tones,  R.  T.,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  1-6:;. 
j  Moor.  T.  J.,  k.  at  Jonesboro,  1S64. 
|  r^>>c,  .1.  N  ,  k.  at  Chickamau-a,  18C3. 
j  Willis,  H.  B.,  k.  ut  Chickamauga.  1363t 


458 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  James  L.  Cars 


Head,  A.  M.,  k.  at  Fovt  Donelson. 
Redkt,  J.  r..  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Scoggin,  J.  G.,  lc.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Street.  P.  !»..  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Padgett,  B.  F.,  k.  ar  Fort  Donelson. 
Brannon,  G.  M.  D.,  k.  at  Fori  Donelson 
Burton,  A.  IF,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Dowell,  R.  W,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Rankin,  J.  V,".,  k.  ut  Port  Hudson. 
Hornsley,  Talbert,  k.  at  Fort  Donel.-on 
Dickerson,  (^.  W,  d.  April  16,  1S62. 
Donoho,  J.  T..  d.  Dec.  28,  1SG1. 
Haley,  T.,  d.  Jan.  29,  1862. 
Haiev,  Barnard,  d.  March  25,  1SG2. 


Jones,  R.  P..  d.  Jan.  C,  1SG2. 
Newman,  W.  A.,  d.  April  2C,  1862. 
Scoggin,  Join),  d.  March  27,  1862. 
Watson,  Willie,  d.  June  23,  1S62. 
Chambers-,  W.  F,  d.  May  26,  1S62. 
Sloan,  E.  W.,  d.  July  29,  1863. 


[  UnoffieiaL] 
Kinchlor,  T.  B.,  Ic.  at  Fort  Donelson,  1SG2. 
Franklin,  W,  C.  k.  at  Chickamauga,  1863. 

Haile,  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Is*;:;. 
Chambers,  R.  B.,  k.  at  Nashville,  1864. 
Rankin.  Orderly  Sergeant  J.  W.,  d.  1862. 
Stone,  Lieut.  R.,  k.  1SG3. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Thomas  C.  Martin. 


Hagan,  A.  J.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga 
Barton,  J.  T.,  k.in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Dickey,  George,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Osborne.  William,  k.  at  Fort  DoneL^cn. 
Pugh,  W.  G.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Hurt,  Benjamin  G.,  d.  March  IS.  1802. 
Blan,  A.  C,  d.  May  13,  18G2. 

COMPANY 

Captain,  John  H 


Turner,  Capt.  John  H.,  k.  at  Jonesboro 
Jackson,  Joseph,  k  at  Chickamauga. 
Hogan.  J.  E.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Fulgam,  E.  J.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Gates,  M.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Brigandmo,  J.  B.,  d.  Aug.  29,  1SC2. 
Cotton,  J.  A.,  d.  April  9,  1862. 
Cotton,  T.  A.,  d.  Feb.  16,  18b2. 
Dunn,  John  M.,  d.  May  11,  1SG2. 
Dorns,  W.  A.,  d.  March  IS.  1862. 
Davenport,  B..  d.  March  18.  1S62. 
Koneyentf.  A.  H.,  d.  May  27,  18.12. 
Kelley,  William,  d.  Aug.  IS,  1302. 
Mason,  R.  J.,  d.  March  22,  1802. 
McCormick,  William,  d.  May  31,1802. 
McAdams  Walter,  d.  May  21.  1802. 
MeGlothiin,  H.  D.,  d.  March  5,  1802. 


I  Brent,  Alphortzo,  d.  May  14,  1802. 
I  Brent,  Robert,  d.  Jan.  7,  1802. 

Glenner,  J.  F.,  d.  May  24,  1S02. 

Hamilton,  C.  B.,  d.  Jan.  23,  1802. 

Steel,  A.,  d.  April  23.  1802. 

Matlock,  J.  P.,  d.  Oct.  10,  1802. 

Hurt,  J.  E.,  d.  Feo.  2l»,  1803. 

E. 

Turner. 
Price,  H.  J.,  d.  April  30,  1S62. 
Roney,  A.  H.,  d.  .March  15,  1802. 
Westbrook,  J.  R.,  d.  March  10,  18G2. 
Williams,  J.  M.,  d.  May  18,  1S02. 
By  ram,  G.  W.,  d.  Oct.  4,  1862. 
MeGlothiin,  A.  J.,  d.  March  10,  1.802. 
Anderson,  M.  L.,  d.  June  22,  1802. 
Cook.  J.  K.,  d.  July  31,  18G3. 
Roger,  A.  B.,  d.  Nov.  1,  1SG3. 
MeGlothiin,  J.  W.,  d.  Dee.  11.  18G3. 


Daugherry,  Josiah  H.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Clark,  David  F.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Lawrence,  William  H.,  d.  May  8,  1SG2. 
Shute,  Sergeant  Thomas  P.,  d.  Juno  5,  1662. 
Franklin,  sergeant  Benjamin,  d.  Jan.  12,  1862 
Elam,  Robert  H.,  d.  April  7.  1802. 
Harrison,  Robert,  d.  March,  1802. 
Johnson.  William  H.  A.,  Jan.  1,  1802. 
Pierce,  Granville  W.,  d.  March,  1862. 
Srarke,  Ai-xanier  J.,  d.  May  27.  1^02. 
Glendemiing,  H.  S..d.  Oct.  11.  lsG3. 
Gouriey,  J.  F..  d.  March  r,;  isG-t. 
Giendenninir,  Win,  H.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 


[Unofficial.] 
Guthrie,  Lieut.  G.  W.,  k.  at  Kennesaw  Mount- 
ain,  June  22,  1804. 

Griffin, ,  k.  at  Jonesboro.  Aug.  31,  1804. 

Gates,  Fred.,  k.  at  BentonviMe,  April,  1865. 
Hollis,  J.  G,  k.  July  22,  1804. 
COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  W.  T.  Sample. 

[  Unofficial] 
Dunn,  Lieut.  A.  G..  k.  at  Chickamauga,  1S03. 
Harris,  Bright  J.,  k.  July  22,  1804. 
i  Laurence,  Sergeant  W.  1L,  d.  IS62. 
Brazier,  Z..  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Dempsey,  G.  T.,  k.  at  Jonesboro. 
Elam,  Joseph  A.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Guthrie,  James  T.,  k.  in  Georgia,  186*. 
Lawrence.  James,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Morieriet",  J.  L..  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Smith.  S.  N..  d.  1863. 
Watson,  W.  W.,  k.  in  Gfo-iria,  1804. 
Withers.  James  II.,  k.  at  Misi-ionmy  Ridge. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


459 


Garrett,  John  D.,  k.  at  VTeksburg. 
Carter,  W.  R  ,  d.  May  10,  1862. 

Chiner,  John  C,  d.  May  10,  1682, 
Chafra,  J.  I!.,  d.  Jan.  1'3,  1S62. 
Chi.burne,  W.  D„  d.  April  25,  1802, 
Day,  W.  \V.,  d.  March  25,  1862. 
Dement,  Jesse,  d.  March  0,  1862. 
Dallehoy,  T.  R.,  d.  March  IS,  1862. 
Dice,  S.  C,  d.  Aug.  30,  1*62. 
Eadons,  J.  R.,  d.  March  8, 1862. 

Captains: 
Reading,  A.  M.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson 
Bell,  W.  H.,  d.  July  IS,  1362. 
Browning,  G.  W.,  d.  May  19,  1S62. 
Hall,  A.,  d.  March  10,  1802. 
Half,  W.C.,  d.  April  20,  18C2. 
Jack&oo,  A.,  d.  Feb.  28,  1862. 
Mondy.  H.,  d.  July  la,  1862. 
Oguin,  J.  B„  d,  June  21,  1862. 
Robbing,  Samuel,  d.  May  21, 1862. 
ROdgers,  William,  d.  Sept.  26, 1302. 


Edward?,  Drew,  d.  March  30,  1802. 
McAdams,  W.  H.,  d.  May,  18G2. 
Alderson,  J.,  d.  May,  1862. 


Jones.  Capt.  J.  L.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Link,  J.  K.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Canuili,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Byram,  J.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Boyd.  Z.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Burney,  Lieut.  W,  M.,  d.  March  1, 1862. 
I.iatoiji  K.  P.,  d.  May  6,  1S62. 
Rarvy,  J.  H„  d.  Feb.  28,  1862. 
Empson,  T.  D.,  d.  Apn!  20,  18G2. 
Freeland,  T.  J.,  d.  April  6,  1862. 
Link,  J.  L.,  d.  Jan.  30,  1862. 
McMillan,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  2,  1802. 
Roney,  W.  H.  L.,  d.  Jan.  5,  1862. 
Stewart,  W.  C,  d.  Feb.  10,  1862. 


COMPAKY  G. 

Captain,  II.  Barks.ir.le. 

Kadons,  II.  IL,  d.  May  31,  1SG2. 
Holder,  E.B.,  d.  Aug.  24,  1363. 
Holder,  John,  d.  April  6,  1862. 
McClanahan.  J.  F.,  d.  May  10, 1362. 
-Miller,  Nathan,  d.  March  13,  1862, 
Nichol,  D.  F.,  d.  April  7.  1862. 
Russell,  E.  L.,  d.  July  3,  1862. 
Robbins,  George,  d.  Mfcy  0,  1«62. 
Shoulders,  John,d.  March  2a,  1862. 
Smith,  B.  H.,  d.  .March  18,  1862. 
COMPANY  H. 
E.  .Mays  and  C.  S.  Douglas?. 

Wahler,  F.,  d.  May  1,  1862. 
Webb,  J.  A.,  d.  May  12,  1862. 
Grubbs,  E.  P.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1864 
Day,  H.  C,  u.  Nov.  16,  18G2. 

[UncffieiaL] 

Mays,  Capt.  R.  E..  d.  in  prison,  1862. 
Choat,  H.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Cboat,  Lieut.—,  k.  in  Georgia  campaign,  1854. 
Bell,  Lieut.  — ,  k.  in  Georgia  eampaiga,  IS6-I. 
COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  A.  Lb  veil. 

J  Mayes,  V'.,  d.  May  11,  1862. 

McGlothlio,  J.  S..  d.  May  3,  1862. 
I  Spi.va,  William,  d.  July  20,  13G2. 
COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  J.  L.  Jones. 

Toiiver.  H.  M.,  d.  March  6,1862. 
Wilkes,  H.  C,  d.  March  1.  1862. 
Wilson,  B.,  d.  Jan.  15,  1861. 
Dyer,  R.  li.,  d.  April  9,  IS62. 
Jones,  J.  A.,  d.  Sept.  22,  1863. 
Terriil,  D.  W.,  d.  Sept.  21,  1868. 

[Unomci'i!.] 
Armstrong,  Lieut.  C,  k.  at  Frankliu,  1SG4. 
Burney,  Lieut.  Ii.,  k.  a:  Keunesaw  .Mountain, 

1864. 
Scruggs,  George,  k.  July  22, 1S'4. 
Aaronburg,  H.,  fee.  July  22,  1362. 
Mulloy,  Daniel,  d.at  Port  Hudson,  1863. 
Rogers,  B.,  k.  July,  1864. 


THIRTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE   INFANTRY. 

By  A.  H.  Bradford,  Brownsville,  Tenn. 


This  regiment  was  organized  in  compliance  with  orders  issued  bv  Governor 
Tsham  Gr.  Harris  for  State  volunteers  in  the  summer  of  1SG1.  The  organization 
took  place  at  Trenton,  in  Gibson  county,  West  Tennessee,  by  the  election  of  A.  II. 
Bradford,  of  Haywood  county,  Colonel:  C.  M.  Cason..  of  McXairv  county',  Lieu- 
tenant-colonel; John  Smith,  of  MeXairy  county,  Major.  The  regiment  consisted 
of  ten  companies,  and  had  a  total  of  about  one  thousand  men  at  first.     The  Cap- 


400  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


tains  wore:  E.  E.  Tansil,  John  Elliot,  and  T.  L.  Dell,  of  Weakley  county;  W.  Y. 
Baker,  Caleb  McKnight,  and  W.  B.  Clayton,  of  McNairy  county;  G.  B.  Robison, 

of  Gibson  county;  Jonathan  Luton,  of  Decatur  county;  L.  Iloak,  of  Haywood 
county  ;  and  F.  E.  P.  Stafford,  of  Madison  county. 

On  the  20th  of  November,  1S61,  the  regiment  received  orders  to  proceed  to 
Columbus,  Ky.,  and  was  placed  in  the  brigade  of  Gen.  J.  P.  McCown,  where  it 
remained  until  Columbus  was  evacuated.  After  the  fall  of  Fort  Donelson,  it  was 
embarked  down  the  river  to  Madison  Bend,  and  was  engaged  in  the  defense  of 
that  place,  being  stationed  at  Tiptonville.  A  short  time  before  the  surrender  of 
this  position,  the  regiment  was  moved  to  Fort  Pillow,  and  placed  under  the  com- 
mand of  Brig.-gen.  A.  I*.  Stewart.  Not  Jong  after  this  the  battle  of  Shiloh  was 
fought,  and  we  received  orders  to  proceed  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  to  aid  in  cheeking  the 
advance  of  the  Federal  army.  Here  we  remained  till  about  the  1st  of  June,  and 
most  of  the  time  were  kept  on  outpost  duty,  and  had  many  severe  skirmishes 
with  the  enemy.  When  Corinth  was  abandoned  and  the  army  removed  to  Tupelo, 
Miss.,  we  remained  in  the  same  brigade  under  Gen.  Stewart.  After  a  short  stay 
here  we  moved  with  Bragg's  army  to  Chattanooga,  and  thence  into  Kentucky, 
taking  an  active  part  in  this  thrilling  campaign.  The  first  heavy  engagement  was 
at  the  battle  of  Perryviile,  commanded  by  Lieut.-col.  Stafford.  In  this  battle 
many  men  and  some  of  our  best  officers  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  second 
year  Capt.  E.  E.  Tansil  was  elected  Colonel,  but  was  soon  after  transferred  to  the 
cavalry,  so  that  Lieut.-col.  Stafford  remained  in  command;  Col.  A.  H.  Bradford 
acting  chief  of  staff  for  Gen.  J.  P.  McCown,  who  commanded  the  cavalry  on  the 
left  at  this  engagement.  After  the  battle  of  Perryviile  the  regiment  retreated 
with  the  other  forces  under  Gen.  Bragg  to  Knoxville,  through  Crab  Orchard  Gap. 
On  the  30th  of  November,  1SG2,  we  moved  from  Knoxville  to  Murfreesboro, 
where,  on  December  31st,  we  took  part  in  the  battle  fought  on  that  day,  led  by 
Col.  F.  E.  P.  Stafford  and  Map  Sharp,  in  Stewart's  brigade,  Cheatham's  division. 
January  4,  1S63,  we  were  ordered  to  Shelby  ville,  and  then  to  Chattanooga,  where 
we  arrived  on  the  2oth  of  August,  1SG3,  and  on  September  19,  1863,  were  engaged 
in  the  great  battle  of  Chiekamauga.  After  the  battle  we  remained  near  this  pbee 
for  some  time,  and  then  fell  back  with  the  army  to  Dalton,  Ga.  Some  of  the  offi- 
cers being  placed  on  post  duty,  the  regiment  was  now  in  command  of  Col.  Stafford 
and  Maj.  Win.  Gay.  In  the  retreat  from  Dalton  to  Atlanta  we  were  engaged 
with  the  enemy  almost  daily  for  many  weeks,  taking  active  part  in  the  battle  oi' 
Kennesaw  Mountain,  and  on  the  22d  of  July,  1804,  in  the  general  engagement  at 
Atlanta,  losing  many  valuable  officers  and  men. 

About  the  3d  of  October  following  we  were  placed  in  Hood's  division  and  sent  into 
Tennessee,  making  forced  marches,  and  fought  in  the  memorable  battle  of  Frank- 
lin, in  which  most  of  our  men  and  officers  fell.  The  brave  Col.'  F.  E.  P.  Stafford 
was  killed  in  the  enemy's  works,  sword  in  hand.  It  was  a  heart-rending  scene  to 
witness  the  fall  of  so  many  of  the  bravest  and  truest  men  in  an  hour;  and  indeed, 
we  here  felt  that  our  cause  was  virtually  lost.  We  marched  from  Franklin  to 
Nashville,  where  we  kept  the  enemy  in  check  for  awhile,  and  afterward  retreated. 
The  survivors  of  the  regiment  were  given  a  furlough  to  go  to  their  homes  in  West 
Tennessee.  The  army  moved  into  North  Carolina,  where  they  finally  surren- 
dered. But  few  of  the  men  of  the  regiment  could  reach  the  army,  being  cut  off 
by  the  enemVj  and  surrendered  at  different  places  at  the  close  of  the  war.     It  was 


IiEGTMEXTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MeMQBIAL  ROLLS.  461 


a  singular  coincidence  that  when  our  regiment  was  organized  in  West  Tennessee 
there  was  one  organized  about  the  same  time  in  East  Tennessee,  and  by  some  mis- 
hap Loth  got  the  same  number,  and  both  were  commanded  by  Bradfords.  It  is 
well  to  notice  the  difference. 

I  am  indebted  to  Maj.  J.  A.  Austin  and  Lieut.  J.  B.  Winston  for  their  aid  in 
getting  up  this  statement  and  data. 

Below  is  a  list  of  the  officers  and  men  remaining  in  the  Thirty-first  Tennessee 
Regiment  at  the  time  of  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  near  Greens- 
boro, K.  C,  April  26,  1865.  This  list  was  furnished  by  William  D.  Fletcher, 
private  of  Co.  G,  Fifth  Consolidated  Tennessee  Regiment,  while  in  camp,  near 
High  Point,  X.  C,  April  29,  1865: 

KFcKeeft,  J.  D.,  private,  Company  A.  [  Paisley,  J.  C,  Sergeant,  Company  F. 

Carroll,  John,  private.  Company  B.  !  Rooks,  J.  J.,  private.  Company  F. 

Broider.  P.  G..  private,  Company  B.  j  Shaw,  W.  ,J..  private,  Company  F. 

Cole,  A.  H.,  Lieutenant,  Company  D.  i  Tafsell,  J.  B.,  private,  Company  F. 

Gilliland,  J.  A.,  Sergeant,  Company  E.  \  Williamson.  R.  I'.,  Lieutenant,  Company  F. 

Revel,  E.,  private,  Company  E.  j  Barnhill,  P.  A.,  private,  Company  G. 

Chamber?,  Josias,  private.  Company  F.  !  Gale,  W.  EI.,  Corporal,  Company  K. 

Chambers.  R.  T-,  private,  Company  F.  j  Kingston,  A.  J.,  private.  Company  K. 

Crutehfield,  R.  E.,  Corporal.  Company  F.  |  McFarland,  W.  SI.,  private.  Company  K. 

Dongan,  B.  W..  private,  Company  F.  Roberts,  R.  A.,  private,  Company  K. 
Fletcher,  W.  L>.,  private,  Company  F. 

Head-qvarters  Army  of  Tennessee,  near  Greensboro,  >".  C.  April  -20,  1865. 
General  Oepef,  5Te*.  1*. 

I.  By  the  terms  of  a  Military  Convention  made  on  the  2Cth  Inst,  by  Maj. -pen.  W.  T.  Sher- 
man, U.  S.  A.,  and  Gen.  Joe  E.  Johnston,  C.  S.  A.,  the  men  and  officers  of  this  army  are  to  bind 
themselves  not  to  take  up  arms  against  the  United  States  until  properly  relieved  from  that 
obligation,  and  shall  receive  guarantees  from  the  United  States  officers  against  molestation 
from  the  United  States  authorities  so  long  as  they  observe  that  obligation  and  the  low  enforce  7 
where  they  reside. 

II.  For  these  objects  duplicate  muster-rolls  will  be  made  out  immediately,  and  after  the  di&- 
tribution  of  the  n-eessary  papers  the  troops  will  march  under  their  officers  to  their  respect- 
ive States  and  there  be  disbanded — all  retaining  personal  property. 

III.  The  object  of  this  Convention  is  pacification  to  the  extent  of  the  authority  of  the  com- 
manders who  made.  ir. 

IV.  Events  in  Virginia,  which  broke  every  hope  of  success  by  war.  imposed  upon  its  General 
the  duty  of  sparing  the  blood  of  this  gallant  army  and  saving  our  country  from  further  dev- 
astation, and  our  people  from  ruin. 

(Signed)        Joe  E.  Johnston,  General. 
(Signed)        Akcher  Anderson.  Lieut. -col.  and  A.  A.  G. 
Official:  J.  D.  Porter,  A.  A.  Gen. 


Official.'}     Field  and  Staff,  Thirty-first  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  Egbert  E.  Tansil;  Lieutenant-colonel,  F.  E.  P.  Stafford  :  Major.  Samuel  Sharp:  Ad- 
jutant, John  F.  Fuller;  Surgeon.  Thomas  Rivers;  Assistant  Surgeon,  W.  T.  Wells;  Assistant 
Quartermaster.  J.  A."  Yarbrough;  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  H.  C.  Maxwell;  Chap- 
lain. W.J.  Foust. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captains:  Egbert  E.  Tansil  and  B.  J.  Roberts. 
Ward,  J.  E.,  k.  at,  Perryviile.  I  flaw  kins.  J.  I>.,  d.  March  '2$,  1362. 

Ayers,  T.  J.,  k.  at  Perryville.  !  Grooms.  J.  M..  d.  Sept..  lsi;-.L 

Collier,  J.  M.,  k.  at  Perryviile.  j  Pasehstl,  L.  A.,  d.  at  Columbus.  Miss. 

Hutchins.  J.  L.,  k.  at  Murfre^sboro.  j  Uhlrs,  Frederick,  d.  S^pt.  ::.  1862. 

Winston,  J.  A.,  d.  May  24,  1862.  j  Yonnj:.  T.  J.,  d   Sept.  15,  1362. 

Tarwater,  J.  R.,  d.  July  4,  1862.  j  (.aud.rdaie.  W.  J.,  d.  July,  UBG2. 

Terrell,  T.  C.  d.  July  1J,  ISO.'.  i  Stephens,  R.  F.,  d.  Aug.  -llX  186a. 


462 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Hudson,  S.  IT.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Butler,  J.  N\,  k.at  IVrryville. 
Williams,  S..  k.  at  Mnrfreesboro. 
Latham,  T.  J.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro* 
Marshall;  B.  F.,  k.  in  battle. 
Fullbrrght,  J.  J.,  k.  in  battle. 
Brown,  N.  K-,  d.  Dec.  6,  1862. 
&*&m,  T.  J.,  d.  Dee.  28,  1862. 
Butler,  R.  S.,  d.  Oet.  29.  1862. 
Browder,  J.  L.,  d.  Oct.  15,  1862. 

Captain*: 
Cason,  T.  K.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Joplin,  L.  S..  k.  at  Perryville. 
Ream?,  N.  IT.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Spencer,  W.  B.,  d.  Dee.  24,  ¥861. 
Davis,  N.  W..  d.  pee.  31.  1861. 
Sheffield,  W.  L  ,  d.  Nov.lO,  1SG1. 
Taton,  W.  C,  d.  Nov.  10,  1861. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Caleb  McKnighfc. 
MeCan,  G.  W., 

Nanny.  IT.  J.,  . 
Swionev,  C.  H 


Dec.  6,  1S62. 
Dec.  1%  1862. 
1.  Oct.  0,  1862. 

Garrett,  J.  W.,  d.  April  14,  1862. 

Fullbright,  \V.  P.,  d.  April  2»,  1862. 

Blair,  A.  J,  d.  May  10,  1802. 

Russell.  J.  A.,  d.  May  18,  L862. 

Butler,  James  L.,  d. 

Johnson,  John  \\'..  d. 

Johnson,  W.  A.,  d. 
COMPANY  C. 
B.  Clayton  and  C.  M.  Cason. 

"  Steed,  W.  T.,  d.  July  5, 1862. 

Minton,  L.  T.,  d.  Aug.  7,  1862. 

Ivy,  W.  A.,  d.  April  0,  1862. 

Naylor,  IP,  d.  May  12,  1802. 

Patterson,  P.  T.,  d.  April  13,  1S62. 

Woodburn,  J.  A.,  d.  Juno  13,  1862. 


Saunders,  L.  P.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Booker,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Perry  yille. 
Browder,  II.  H.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Friedcnbareer,  J.  P.,  k.  at  Perryviile 
Ellis,  A.  F.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Baucum,  Yv'm.,  d.  St  pt.,  1803. 
Sutherland,  Wra,  d.  Sept.  20, 1S63. 


COMPANY  P. 
Captain,  A.  H.  Bradford. 

Harvey,  W.  T..  d. 

Tyns,  T.  E.,  d.  Aug.  11,  1862. 

Tugvvell,  II.  H..  d.  May  18,  1802. 

Powell,  T.,  d.  May  11,1802. 

McConne!!,  G.  W.,  d.  Oct.  26,  1861. 

Coleman,  \V.  P.,  d.  Nov.  8.  1861. 

Capell,  N.  W.,  d.  Jan.  10, 1802. 
COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  J.  B.  Robertson. 


Blankinship,  H.  H.,  k.  at  Perryville 
Babbitt.  T.  J.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Jones,  J.  A.,  d.  Oct.  20,  1603. 
Williams.  J.  R.,  d. 
Sisson.  S.  C  ,  d. 


Biankin^hi 
McAllister 


vie!,  d. 

p,  J.  &I.,d. 

,J.A.,  d.  June  23, 1862. 


Lee,  J.  T.,d.  July  27.  1862. 
Vv'yley,  J.  M.,  d.  Nov.  7,  1862. 
Revels.  W.  J.,  d.  Nov.  14.  1862. 
McAlly,  J.  G.,  d.  Nov.  0,  1662. 
McGee,  L.,  d.  Nov.  14.  1862. 
Goodman,  E.  IP,  d.  Nov.  iS,  1662. 
Blankinship,  L.  J.,  d.  Dec.  29,  1861. 
Ingram,  T.  J.,  d.  Dec.  8,  186L 
COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  F.  E.  P.  Stafford. 


Chambers,  Francis,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Stanley,  W.  A.,  k.  at  Perryvilte. 
Strain,  \V.  M..  k.  at  Perryville. 
Hubert,  W.  T.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Stanley,  D.  F.,  k.at  Murfreesboro. 
Killetr,  J.  W..  d.  Oet.  18,1861. 
Woods  J.  A.,  d.  Nov.  3,  1861. 
Anderson,  J.  C.  d. 
Brandon,  J.  H.,  d.  Nov.  30,  1862. 
Clay.  Henry,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Wilson,  J.  C.  d.  Feb.  13,  1862. 
Freeman.  E.  B„  d.  May,  1802. 


Pittman,  J.  B..  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Smith,  J.  M.,  k.  at  Perryville, 


Anderson,  E.,  d.  June,  1862. 

Brown,  Aaron,  d.  Jan.  22,  1862. 

Bizzell,  B.  S.,  d.  July,  1502. 

Chalk,  T.  D,  d.Jan.  15,1862. 

Chalk,  A.M.,  d.Jan.  18,  1602. 

Garrett,  W.  H.(  d.  June,  1862. 

Griggs,  R.  W.,  d.  Jan.  9,  1862. 

Moore,  VV.  E..  d.  June,  1862. 

Mo  Nairn,  S.  B.,  d.  Jan.  7,  1602. 
t  Shaw,  T.  A.,  d.  May  2.3,  1862. 
I  Stanley,  J.  W.,  d.  May,  1862. 
1  Weatheriy,  J.  T.,  d.  July  22,  1864. 
COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  W.  Y.  Baker. 

J  Powell,  A.,  k.  at  Perryviile. 

J  Bamhill.  Lieut.  V.  D.,  k.  at  Perrvvdie. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


403 


Williamson,  J.  W.,  d.  at  Chattanooga. 
McBroorti,  T.  L.,  ii.  Nov.  22,  1S61. 
Copling,  J.  J.,  d.  Jan.,  1882. 
Bower,  W.  S.,  d. 


Billing^  J.  J.,  k.  May,  18G2. 
Knight,  William,  d.  Nov.  10,  1861. 
Jones,  J.  M.,  d.  Oct  14,  1861. 


Phillip?,  Samuel,  k.  at  Perryville. 

Lnster,  Isaac,  d. 

Phillip?,  Rufus,  d. 

Edwards,  -John,  d. 

White,  J.  M-,  d.  April  T,  1862. 


McCarter,  J.  N.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Hayden,  R.  C,  k.  at  Perry  ville. 
Blakemore,  J.  F.;  k.  at  Perryville. 
Bullock,  L. C,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Mulliken,  J.  \\\,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Eeddick,  W.  W.',  k.  at  Perryville. 
Nunley,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Reddiek,  W.  P.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Rogers,  ?»).  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesbaro. 
Grimes,  W.  H.,  d.  Feb.  0,  16*34. 
William?,  W.  G.,  d.  Aug.  8,  1882. 
Rogers.  C.  M.,  d.  Aug.,  18G2. 
Lewis,  Robert,  d.  Aug.  10,  1862. 


Cherry.  W.  B.;  k,  at  Perryville. 

Gates.  J.  P.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Williamson,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Danner,  N.  B.,  d.  June.  1j>c2. 
Garrett,  A.,  d.  June,  1862. 
Jones,  H.  B.,  d.  Jan.,  1SG2. 


COMPANY  IT. 
Captain,  G.  W.  Bright. 

I  Lamb,  Benjamin,  d.  Nov.  16,  1862. 
1  Smith,  John,  d.  Nov.  10,  1862. 
Smaller,  J.  R.,  d.  Dec.  28,  1861. 
Phillips.  K.  C.  d.Jar,.  liT,  l«GS 
Harreli,  Dempsey,  d.  Oct.  14, 1S61. 
COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  T.  L.  Bell. 

j  Grooms,  E.,  d.  July,  1302. 
Broun,  Thomas,  d.  June.  1862. 
Clark,  W.  R.,  d.  March  7,  1S63. 
Priest,  J.  O,  d. 
Grisham,  R.  O,  d.  Aug..  1862. 
Grimes.  M.  G.,  d.  Time  27,  1£G2. 
Taylor,  J.  B.,  d.  June  12, 1862.     ' 
Greer,  W.  S.,  d.  June  1,  1862. 
Evans,  W.,  d.  Jan.  20,  1802. 
Porter,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  11.  13G2. 
Frazier,  E..  d.  Jan.  12,  1602. 
Sullivan,  J.  W.,  d.  Oct.  12,  1861. 
Vaughan,  H.  A.,  d.  Oct.  10,  lsol. 
COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  John  Elliott. 

McCan,  H.  L.,  d.  Aug.  19,  1362. 
Shadrick,  J.  T.,  '1.  Jan.  17,  1863. 
Williamson,  J.  H.,  d.  Juno,  1SG2. 
Wood,  J.  S.,  n.  Aug.  17,  1862. 
Wilson,  R.  W.,  d.  Nov.  13,  1502. 


THIRTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY, 


By  W.  M.  Bradford,  Chattanooga,  Te> 


:ND  B.  W.  Toole,  M.D..  Talladega,  Al, 


The  Thirty-lirst  Tennessee  Begiment  of  infantry  was  organized  at.  Xnoxviib1, 
Tenn.,  on  the  2Sth  of  March,  18G2,  under  E.  Kirby  Smith,  then  in  command  of 
the  Department  of  East  Tennessee.  Field  officers:  \Vjeu.  M.  Bradford,  Colonel; 
James  "VV.  Humes,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Robert  McFarland,  Major.  Staff  officer?: 
B.  W,  Toole,  Surgeon;  E.  C.  (Cochran,  Assistant  Surgeon;  Wm.  Hawkins,  Adju- 
tant;  James  C.  Davis,  Quartermaster;  John  M.  Biggs,  Commissary,;  James  P. 
"White,  Sergeant-major;  Sherman  McFarland,  Quartermaster  Sergeant;  Rev.  N. 
B.  Gofortli,  Chaplain;  S.  B.  Bradshaw,  Commissary  Sergeant;  George  Alexander, 
Orderly  Sergeant. 

The  regiment  was  reorganized  on  the  3d  of  May,  1SG2,  when  the  same  fiel  I 
officers  were  reelected  and  the  same  staff  appointments  were  made.  All  the  field 
and  statl'  officers  survived  the  civil  war:  and,  what  is  still  mure  remarkable,  are 
all  yet  living  (May,  1883)  except  Col.  J.  W.  Hume-. 

The  regiment  was  organized  and  mustered  into  service  as  infantry,  and  was 
numbered  at  Knoxvillc  as  infantry.    Failing  for  manv  months  to  receive  comruis- 


464 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


sions  for  such  officers  as  were  required  to  be  commissioned,  by  correspondence 
with  tho  authorities  at  Richmond  it  was  ascertained  that  there  were  two  infantry 
regiments  numbered  thirty-one  from  Tennessee — one  from  Brownsville,  commanded 
by  Col.  A.  H.  Bradford,  and  this  one  by  Col.  W.  M.  Bradford,  of  Jefferson  county. 
At  organization  the  regiment  was  assigned  for  duty  to  the  Fourth  Brigade,  under 
Brig.-gen.  S.  M.  Bartow,  in  Stevenson's  division.  The  duties  imposed  on  the  reg- 
iment for  a  few  months  were  guarding  bridges  on  the  railroad  in  East  Tennessee 
and  in  preparation  for  service  by  drilling.  "We  were  then  ordered  for  duty  to 
Cumberland  Gap,  where  we  remained  under  Stevenson  besieging  the  Gap,  then 
occupied  by  the  Federal  Gen.  Morgan.  When  Gen.  K.  Kirby  Smith  marched  int<> 
Kentucky,  Stevenson  was  left  at  the  Gap  with  his  division.  When  Gen.  Morgan 
evacuated  the  Gap  after  Smith  had  reached  his  rear,  Gen.  Stevenson  pursued  Mor- 
gan as  far  as  Goose  Creek,  in  Kentucky.  Thence  our  division  was  ordered  to  Ha r- 
rodsburg,  Ky.,  to  reenforce  Gen.  Bragg,  which  we  did  a  few  days  after  the  battle 
of  Perryville. 

At  Harrodsburg  we  were  ordered  to  retreat,  and  returned  to  Lenoir's,  in  East 
Tennessee.  In  this  campaign  into  Kentucky  our  brigade  was  under  command  of 
Col.  T.  H.  Taylor,  of  Kentucky.  At  Lenoir's,  in  Tennessee,  our  brigade  was  as- 
signed to  duty  under  Col.  A.  XV.  Reynolds. 

About  TJeeember  23,  1862,  our  brigade  and  division  were  ordered  to  Vicksburg, 
Miss.,  and  reached  there  about  the  27th.  vYe  participated  in  a  little  skirmishing 
around  the  city  for  a  few  hours  after  our  arrival,  the  Federals  being  in  the  act  of 
abandoning  their  efforts  to  land  at  Chickasaw  Bayou,  above  the  city.  "Vfe  were 
engaged  in  active  picket  duty  at  and  around  Vicksburg  and  Warrenton  for  some 
months,  preparing  to  resist  the  landing  of  the  Federal  troops  and  the  assaults  of 
gun-boats.  Late  in  February,  1803.  a  detachment  of  three  companies  of  this  reg- 
iment was  ordered  down  the  Mississippi  from  Warrentori  to  watch  the  movements 
of  the  gun-boat  "Queen  of  the  West,''  which  had  passed  our  butteries.  This  de- 
tail of  three  companies  was  placed  on  a  small  steam  ferry-boat  with  two  small 
cannon.  They  proceeded  down  the  Mississippi  and  up  Fed  River  until  the 
"Queen  of  the  "West''  was  captured.  Then  an  expedition  was  fitted  out  with  the 
''Queen  of  the  Wot"  and  the  "  Webb"  and  some  barge  transports,  and  placed 
under  command  of  Major  M.  S.  Brent,  who  had  some  other  troops  besides  these 
three  companies.  Lieut.  Miller,  of  this  regiment  (Co.  B),  and  Lieuts.  H.  A.  Bice 
and  John  M.  Carson,  of  Co.  I,  with  their  two  companies  and  other  troops,  manned 
the  "Queen  of  the  West"  and  "Webb."  In  ascending  the  river  they  met  and 
attacked  and  captured  the  iron-clad  gun-boat  "Indianola" — a  gallant  and  brilliant 
achievement  of  Major  Brent  and  these  men.  Herewith  is  annexed  a  report  of 
these  captures — printed  in  a  Knoxville  paper  at  the  time — and  made  a  part  of 

this  sketch: 

Nkar  Vickskuug.  Miss.,  March  2.  I86-T 
J.  A.Speshv:  A  few  weeks  ago  a  portion  of  the  Thirty-first  Tennes-'-e  Regiment  -Col.  W. 
M.  Bradford's)  was  detached  and  ordered  down  the  Mississippi  to  watch  the  operations  of 
the  Federal  !  outs,  which  had  passed  our  batteries  at  Vicksburg  and  were  intercepran:  our 
commerce  with  Texas  and  Louisiana.  After  the  capture  of  the  Federal  gim-hoa:  ••  Que  mi  of 
the  West,"  Co.  P..,  under  command  of  Lieuts.  Caraes  and  Miller,  of  Blount  county,  Was  placed 
on  the  "Queen,"  and  Co.  I.  under  eorm&and  of  Lieuts.  Rice  and  Carson,  of  .JVrfVrson  county, 
was  p'  seed  on  the  "  Webb,"  and  sent  up  the  river  in  pursuit  of  the  formidable  iron-clad  gun- 
hoat  •■  rndianola,''  and  overtook  her  near  New  Carthage,  below  Vicksburg.  on  the  -4th  of  Feb- 
ruary.   The  engagement  was  the  most  desperate  which  has  occurred  during  this  war  between 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


405 


gun -boats  on  the  river.  Although  it  was  the  first  battle  in  which  these  g;dl;int  men  of  the 
Thirty-first  had  been  engaged,  they  fought  Like  veterans  and  tig<  r.»,  and  after  ;i  terrrble  con- 
test of  three-quarters  of  an  hour  they  succeeded  in  the  capture  of  the  "  IndianoJa/1  with  Im- 
mense steKeeitnd  one  hundred  and  twelve  prisoners,  loo  much  praise  cannot  be  awarded 
these  brave  East  Tennes8ean.fi  for  their  naval  tact  and  chivalry,  as  evidenced  by  the  following 
official  order  of  the  Colonel : 

Head-quarters  Thirty-first  Tennessee  Rvx,i>iE\T,Vieksbur£,  Miss.,  Feb.  28,  1S63. 
Spegiai  Order  No.  — . 

The  Colonel  commanding  has  received,  with  emotions  of  no  ordinary  gratification,  the  in- 
telligence of  the  recent  gallantry  and  bravery  of  companies  I  and  B  in  the  attack  upon  the 
Federal  cun-hoat  "Tndianola."  it  would  be  nn  act  of  injustice  'o  the  officers  and  pmiitfs,  ns 
well  as  violence  to  my  own  feelings,  to  withhold  from  you  the  just  tribute  of  praise  which 
year-chivalry  in  that  engagement  so  richly  merits.  The  capture  and  surrender  of  the  boat, 
after  the  desperate  defense  of  a  well-drilled  and  disciplined  foe,  entitle  yon  to  the  highest 
honors  of  veteran-;.  I  therefore  trust  that  the  country  will  justly  appreciate  the  honor*  which 
you  have  so  nobly  won,  and  can  give  you  the  highest  assurance  of  the  warmest  gratitude  and 
pride  or' your  officers  in  thus  giving  tone  and  character  to  the  Thirty -first  Tennessee  Regi- 
ment. May  the  God  of  battles  thus  favor  your  stout  arms  and  nerve  your  generous  hearts  tor 
all  future  emergencies  of  a  similar  character!     Very  truly  and  devotedly, 

W.  yi.  Buadeoud,  Col.  Thirtv-first  Ter-.n.  R*g. 

Official:  W.  Hawkins,  Adjutant. 

J.  P.  W. 

Our  command  was  soon  afterward  ordered  to  Port  Gibson,  to  reenforce  our 
troops  engaged  there  in  a  bloody  effort  to  repel  the  landing  of  the  Federals;  but 
the  battle  had  disastrously  terminated  before  we  reached  there. 

Pemberton's  forces  retreated,  passing  around  Yicksbunr,  until  they  crossed  Big 
Black,  and  reached  Champion  Hills,  near  Edwards's  Depot  on  the  Jackson  road.  At. 
Champion  Hills  the  Federals  defeated  Pemberton.  Our  brigade  lost  no  men,  or 
very  few,  in  this  engagement,  except  those  who  were  lost  or  captured  on  our  forced 
march  back  to  Yicksbunr,  as  we  were  not  actively  engaged  in  the  battle.  Our 
regiment  remained  in  Yicksburir  during  the  siege — suffered  greatly  by  privations, 
and  lost  about  twenty  men,  as  will  appear  by  the  memorial  reports  hereto  appended. 

We  were  surrendered  on  the  4th  Of  July,  1863.  After  this  lamentable  surren- 
der we  were  paroled.  The  sufferings  and  privations  of  this  siege  are  not  here 
recited,  as  they  have  gone  into  and  become  a  part  of  the  public  history,  and  it  is 
not  refreshing  to  detail  them.  Our  regiment  was  exchanged  in  September,  2S63,  and 
placed  trader  command  of  Brig.-gen.  J.  C.  Vaughn.  The  Third  Tennessee,  Col. 
Lillard;  Thirty-first  Tennessee,  Col.  Bradford;  Fifty-ninth  Tennessee,  Col.  Eakin; 
F<»rty-third  Tennessee,  Col.  Gillespie)  and  the  Sixty-first,  Sixty-second,  and  -Sixty- 
third  Tennessee  regiments,  were,  in  November  or  December,  1S63,  by  order  of  the 
Secretary  of  War,  organized  into  a  cavalry  brigade  under  Gen.  John  C.  Yaughn. 
This  brigade  operated  for  some  time  in  upper  East  Tennessee  under  Longstreet, 
Breckinridge,  and  Echols,  and  in  South-western  Virginia. 

During  the  winter  of  lb'63  our  brigade  was  ordered  to  Newton,  X.  C.  to  recruit. 
After  recruit  incr,  about  one-half  of  the  brigade  was  ordered  to  the  Valley  of  Vir- 
ginia in  the  spring  of  1864,  under  command  of  Gen.  Vaughn;  and  the  other  half, 
under  command  of  Col.  Bradford,  of  the  Thirty-first  Tennessee  was  ordered  to 
remain  in  the  vicinity  of  Bristol,  to  protect  that  place  and  the  railroads  and 
public  stores  from  raids  and  depredations.  That  portion  of  the  regiment  which 
was  sent  to  the  Valley  of  Virginia  was  placed  in  command  of  Maj.  Robert 
MeFarlanl. 

After  the  campaign  was  ended  in  the  Valley  o(  Virginia,  the  regiment  and  the 
brigade  reunited  at  Bristol,  and  operated  in  upper  East  Tennessee  and  South- 
western Virginia,  under  command  of  (lens.  Vaughn,  John  II.  Morgan,  Basil 
30 


m 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Duke,  Echols,  ami  others,  and  participated  in  several  engagements  at  Greene- 
ville,  Morristown,  Saltville,  Marion,  Wytheville,  and  Bull's  Gap. 

That  portion  of  the  regiment  under  command  ui'  the  gallant  Major  McFarland, 
which  went  to  the  Valley  of  Virginia,  lost  heavily  and  behaved  gallantly,  as  did 
that  portion  which,  remained  in  East  Tennessee  under  its  Colonel.  That  portion 
under  Major  McFarland  participated  in  various  engagements  in  the  Valley  of 
Virginia,  among  which  were  Kernstown,  Darksville,  Martin-burg.  Monocaey, 
HagerstQwnj  New  Hope,  Piedmont,  Winchester,  and  other  battles.  Out  of  one 
hundred  and  eighteen  of  this  regiment  who  went  into  the  engagement  at  Pied- 
mont, forty-six  were  killed  and  wounded  and  left  on  the  field  of  bailie.  This  campaign 
was  under  command  of  Early,  Breckinridge,  W.  E.  Jones,  and  others. 

When  Lee  surrendered  we  were  on  the  inarch  to  reenforce  him,  and  under  com- 
mand of  Echols.  At  or  near  Christiansburg,  Va.,  when  we  received  intelligence 
of  hec's  surrender,  our  commanding  General,  Echols,  disbanded  his  troops. 
Duke's  brigade,  Vaughn'.-  brigade,  and  others,  refused  to  disband  at  this  point,  audi 
marched  across  the  mountains  to  Charlotte,  N.  C,  and  there  joined  President 
Davis.  Here  we  received  intelligence  of  Johnston's  surrender,  and  the  fragment 
of  pur  brigade  under  Vaughn,  anil  o(  our  regiment  under  Bradford,  with  Duke's, 
Dibrell's.  Fergusons,  and  other  commands,  marched  as  an  escort  of  Mr.  Davis 
until  his  capture;  and  we  were  surrendered  and  parole;!  near  Washington,  Georgia, 
and  at  other  points,  but  principally  at  Washington,  Ga,  The  difficulty  in  giving 
details  accurately,  and  casualties  in  killed,  wounded,  and  missing,  and  ail  the  en- 
gagements, is  insurmountable.  All  evidences  of  muster-rolls  and  reports  were  lost 
at  Vicksburg,  and  in  other  marches  and  accidents. 

After  we  were  exchanged,  subsequently  to  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  not  more 
than  one  half  of  the  regimen*,,  or  brigade,  ever  reported  for  duty.  The  regiment 
was  scattered  and  irregular  afterward,  as  weli  as  the  brigade,  chiefly  engaged  in 
scouting  duties  and  guarding  the  border  near  Bristol.  Consequently  no  records  of 
the  regiment,  so  far  as  we  can  ascertain,  have  been  preserved,  as  all  such  were 
lost  or  captured.  So  that  it  is  impossible  for  us  to  remember  the  killed,  wounded, 
and  lost;  and  hence  we  rely  alone  on  such  information  as  we  can  gather  from 
surviving  officers  and  men  whom  we  have  been  able  to  find ;  and  their  memories,  from 
long  lapse  of  time,  are  quite  defective.  The  memorial  roil  is  therefore  imperfect, 
and  the  difficulty  cannot  be  remedied. 

Co.  A — First  organisation,   March   "23,    1S62:    James  W.  Chambers,  Captain; 

John  T.  Flavis,  First  Lieutenant;  Will  Trundle,  Second  Lieutenant;  Dyer, 

Third  Lieutenant.     Second  organization,   May  3,   1862:    James  W.  Chamber*, 

Captain;  Dyer,  First  Lieutenant;    Will  Trundle,  Second  Lieutenant;  

Whaley,  Third  Lieutenant.  Casualties:  Died — Lieut.  Will  Trundle.  Killed — 
Henderson  Shields,  Lieut.  John  T.  Havis,  Robert  Hill.  Wounded — Egbert 
Lindsey. 

Co.  B — First  organization:  John  E.  Toole,  Captain;  Henry  Miller,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; George  FI.  Duncan,  Second  Lieutenant;  A.  W.  Davis,  Third  Lieutenant. 
Second  organization:  Elliott  E.  Carnes,  Captain;  Henry  Miller,  First  Lieutenant j 
G.  II.  Duncan,  Second  Lieutenant;  A.  W.  Davis,  Third  Lieutenant.  Casualties: 
Killed — John  Haley.  Gamer  Redmon,  Wiley  Wright.  "Wounded — J.  B.  Leve, 
A.  Lane,  Wm.  Christopher,  Wm.  Sudions,  Deter  Puston,  D.  K.  Fidkner,  Joseph 
Runyons,  Burtiey  Craig.     Died — II.  Tefateller,  Lieut.  George  II.  Duncan. 


Regimental  Histobies  and  Memorial  Rolls.        46' 


Co.  C — First  organization:  John  P.  Thomas,  Captain;  Will  McCampbell,  First 
Lieutenant:  K.  A.  Orookshariks,  Second  Lieutenant;  George  W.  Alexander,  Third 
Lieutenant.  Second  organization:  John  D.  Thomas,  Captain;  Will  McCampbeU, 
First  Lieutenant;  R.  A.  Crookshanks,  Second  Lieutenant;  George W.  Alexander, 
Third  Lieutenant.  Capt.  Thomas  resigned;  Will  McGampbell,  Captain;  R.  A. 
Crookshanks,  First  Lieutenant;  George  W.  Alexander,  Second  Lientenant;  J. 
Tipton  Thomas,  Third  Lientenant;  these  were  all  by  promotion  except  Thomas. 
Casualties:  Killed — Lafayette  Newman;  Thomas  Branner,  R.  Treadway,  J.  IT. 
Mitchell,  James  Alexander,  Lieut.  J.  Tipton  Thomas.     Wounded — A.  T.  Smith, 

B.  C.  Newman,  W.  II.  Newman,  Wm.  Killgore,  Shade  Brazelton,  J.  H.  Shaddeo,  - 

C.  Bassett.  Died — Nat  Hood,  Capt.  Will  MeCampbell,  S.  Pate,  George  Fox, 
Daniel  Swann,  J.  Boreu,  J.  Fiance,  Hicks  Mitchell,  Pack  Jacobs,  Alexander  Lyle, 
Andrew  Henry. 

Co.  D — First  organization:  Lemuel  White,  Captain;  C.  M.  Smith,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; James  Webster,  Second  Lieutenant;  Isham  B.  Dykes,  Third  Lieutenant: 
Second  organization:  James  D.  Spears,  Captain:  C.  M.  Smith,  First  Lieutenant; 
James  Webster,  Second  Lieutenant;  Isham  B.  Dykes,  Third  Lieutenant.  Casual- 
ties: Killed — Lieut.  C.  M.  Smith,  Lieut.  Isham  Reynolds,  Sergt.  Dyer,  Hugh  Har- 
per, Buck  Charles,  Wm.  Roberts,  Henderson  Kite,  Dick  Herd,  Corporal  Wright. 
John  Reynolds,  Henry  Reynolds,  James  Ball,  P.  Kite.  Wounded — II.  Everharr, 
Kelly  Allen,  Capt.  J.  D.  Spears. 

Co.  E— First  organization:  W,  W.  Stringfield,  Captain;  George  H.  Hynds, 
First  Lieutenant;  C.  N.  Howell,  Second  Lieutenant;  D.  G.  Lowe,  Third  Lieuten- 
ant. Second  organization:  George  II.  ITynds,  Captain;  C.  X.  Howell,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; D.  G.  Lowe,  Second  Lieutenant;  Robert  IL  Hynds,  Third  Lieutenant. 
Casualties:  Killed — John  M.  Hynds.  Wounded — James  Berry,  Andrew  Bailey, 
Lieut.  C.  N.  Howell.  Died — Henry  Wright,  Calaway  Coats,  E.  Alesser,  Jerry 
Glenn,  Lieut,  D.  G.  Lowe,  Calvin  Lowe. 

Co.  F — First  organization:  Albertus  Forrest,  Captain;  I.  S.  Garrison,  First 
Lieutenant;  John  C.  Neil,  Second  Lieutenant:  J.  Rentfro,  Third  Lieutenant. 
Second  organization:  John  C.  Neil,  Captain;  James  S.  Richards,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; J.  Rentfro,  Second  Lieutenant;  A.  King  Stalctip,  Third  Lieutenant.  Cas- 
ualties: Killed — Lieut.  A.  K.  Stalcup.  Wounded — Mitchell  Johnson,  Sergt.  A. 
K.  Johns,  McNutt. 

Co.  G — First  organization:  Joseph  Ford,  Captain;  Will  R,  Armstrong,  First 
Lieutenant.  Second  organization:  Will  R,  Armstrong,  Captain — resigned,  and. 
James  P.  Burem  elected  Captain;  Henry  Morelock,  Fir>t  Lieutenam;  J.  X.  Dyke?. 
Second  Lieutenant;  B.  Tucker,  Third  Lieutenant.  Casualties:  Killed — Capt.  J. 
P.  Burem,  Samuel  Bailey.  Wounded— Nathan  Ball,  John  Barnard,  Alexander 
Richards,  Lieut.  Tucker,  Sergt.  Long,  A.  J.  Bailey,  James  White. 

Co.  II — First  organization:  S.  T.  Dunwody,  Captain:  T.  X.  Bigirs,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; James  M.  Dunwody,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  Reed,  resigned — James 
Bradford,  Third  Lieutenant.  Second  organization:  S.  T.  Dunwody,  Captian:  T. 
N.  Biggs,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  M.  Dunwody,  Second  Lieutenant;  Jaines  Jones, 
Third  Lieutenant.  Casualties:  Killed — Capt.  S.  T.  Dunwody,  John  McSmith, 
E.  Etter,  Lieut.  James  Jones,  G.  W.  Glowers.  Wounded — Adjt.  Wm.  Hawkins. 
Died— Lieut.  J.  M.  Dunwody,  Sergt.  Wm.  Biggs. 

Co.  I  —  First  organization:   Ed  Watkins,  Captain;  James  Robinson,  First  Lieu- 


£68 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


tenant;  Thornburgh,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  M.Carson,  Third  Lieutenant. 

Second  organization:   EdVWafckins,  Captain.;  Hampton  A.  Rice,  First  Lieutenant; 

John  M.  Carson,  Second  Lieutenant;  Thornburgh  and  E.  B.  Milligan, Third 

lieutenants.  Casualties:  Killed — George  Gray,  Rice,  Hightower,  Thomas  Kid- 
well.     Died — M.  Travis,  Travis,  James  Knight  (or  missing).     Wounded — 

Wm.  Clevenger,  P.  WilHford,  T.  I).  Franklin,  J.  IL  Harris. 

Co.  K — First  organization:  Henderson  Hix,  Captain;  Moses  MeLendon,  First 
Lieutenant;  Hugh  I>.  Henderson,  Second  Lieutenant ;  Wm.  J.  Woods,  Third 
Lieutenant.  Seeond  organization:  Moses  McLendon,  Captain;  Hugh  B.  Hender- 
son, First  Lieutenant;  Gayle  K.  Roberts,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  IT.  Henderson. 
Third  Lieutenant.  Casualties-:  J.  B.  Colvert,  L>.  B.  Curtis,  J.  F.  Strickland. 
Wounded— Lieut.  G.  K.  Roberts.  Died-S.  Lockhart,  S.  Belt,  M.  IL  Bowers, 
A.  D.  Carr,  Larken  1'aper,  J.  N.  Veal. 

The  company  officers,  in  many  instances,  have  failed  to  respond  to  inquiries  for 
information,  and  many  have  forgotten.  So  the  list -of  killed,  wounded,  and  dead 
is  imperfect  and  inaccurate.  


O0cialJ\  Thirty-first  Tennessee  Ineantey. 

Ahjctant  and  Inspector.  Genee.u.'s  Office,  June  6,  1863. 
Special  Ordeb,  No.  I3q. 

XIX.  To  prevent  the  confusion  arising  from  a  similarity  in  the  numbering  of  different  regi- 
ments from  the  same  State,  it  is  hereby  ordered  that  the  Tennessee  regiment  commanded  by 
Col.  C.  D.  Tenable,  shall  be  known  hereafter  as  the  Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment;  that  com- 
manded by  Col,  B.  J.  Hill  as  the  Thirty-fifth  Regiment;  fchatcommanded  by  Col.  J.  P.  Murray 
as  the  Twenty-eighth  Tennessee  Regiment;  that  of  Col.  W.  M.  Bradford  as  the  Thirty-ninth 
Regiment:;  trial  commanded  by  Col.  E.  E.  Tans  i  I  as  the  Thirty -first  Regiment;  also  the  Missis- 
sippi regiment  commanded  by  the  late  Col.  Blythe  shall  be  known  as  the  Forty-fourth  Mi-sis- 
sippi  Regiment;  and  the  Alabama  regiment  commanded  by  Co!.  J.  G.  Cohart  shaii  be  known 
as  the  Fiftieth  Alabama  Regiment. 


Field  and  Staef. 

Colonel,  W.  M.  Bradford;  Lieutenant-colonel.  Junius  W.  Humes;  Major,  Robert  Mc  Fa  rlani; 

Adjutant,  William  Hawkin>;  Assistant  Surgeon,  E.G.  Cochran  :  Quartermaster,  James  C.  Pavi-; 

Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  John  M.  Biggs;  Chaplain,  N.  B.  Goforth;  Surgeon,  B.  \V. 

Toole. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  J.  W.  Chambers. 

Shields,  W.  H..  k.  at  Viokshurg.  |  Key  ton,  J.  W.,  d.  March  It,  1802. 

Hill,  Robert,  k.  at  Ficksburg.  j  Mott,  W.  II..  d.  March  17,  1862. 

H:ivis.  Lieut  John  T„  d.  April  1,  1862.  j  Parton,  A.  R  ,  d.  March  in.  1862. 

McNiohols,  William,  d.  March  4,  1662.  j  Trundle,  W.  C,  d.  July  3,  1862. 

Henderson,  Wm.,  d.  March  13,  18G2.  Reed,  S.  J.,  d.  June  8,  ISO.).    • 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  John  E.  Toole. 

Hushes,  James  K.  P.,  d.  April  S,  1SC2.  I  Holly,  John,  d.  June  20, 1SGJ. 

Wright,  J.  W.,  d.  Feb.  2t,  1883. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captaiu,  J.  D.  Thomas. 

|  fnman,  W.  S.,  d.  June  IB,  1868. 

Allen,  Orville,  d.  Fob.  !862. 


Lyle,  James,  d.  June  20,  18(52. 
Waves,  Jesse  M..  d.  June  80,  1 
Panic,  Ca'eh,  d.  June  2u,  18S2 
Hance.  Daniel,  d.  May  :>.  1862. 
Wood.  N.  E..  d.  June  30,  1862, 
Jacobs,  P.  H.,  d.  June  26,  1-2. 
Turnev,  W.  H.,  March  13,  l?fi 


Baren.  Joshua,  d.  Ff-m..!^. 
Swan,  D.  F..  d.  Fei>.,  I860. 
Calboek,  John  S..  d.  June  4.  1S62. 
McKmney,  J.  C,  d.  April  7,  1863, 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


-1G9 


Chesnult,  W.  W.,  k.  May  16, 1863. 
Ingle.  G.  W.,  k.  by  bush-whacker 


1862. 
Lieut.  Isrharn,  d.  Aug.  29,  1882. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  P.  Spear: 

]  Hughes,  John,  d.  Aui. 
|  Reynolds 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  W.  Stringfield. 
Griffin,  Milton,  d.  March  15,  1862.  |  Glenn.  Jeremiah  S..  d.  April  2,  1863. 

Pierce,  Win.  A.,  d.  July  25,  1862.  j  Coats.  Callancy.  d.  June  1,  1863. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Albertus  Forrest. 


Thompson,  Elisha,  d.  Dec.  6,  1862. 
Malohe,  Michael,  d.  Dec.  10,  1862. 
Robfoarts,  Andrew  J.,  d.  Nov.  28,  1862. 
Shipley,  David  H.,  d.  Dec.  7,  1S62. 


Barnard,  Wesley,  d.  April  23, 1SG2. 
Barnard,  G.  W.,  d.  April  20,  1862. 
Dalton,  Thomas,  d.  April  15,  1862. 
Dalton,  W.  T.,  d.  April  17,  1862. 
Ball,  John,  &  July  IS,  1862; 
Harlos,  A.  J.,  d.  July  30,  1862, 
Watterson,  John  S.,  d.  July  19,  1862 


Smith,  J.  M.,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Harmon,  C.  A.,  d.  Aug.  18, 1SG2. 
Andes,  J.  B.,  d.  July  6,1362. 


Clinc,  J.  W.,  d.  April  3,  1862. 
Patter,  II.  G.,  d.  June  24,  1862. 
Hull,  Lafayette,  d.  June  25,  1SG2. 
Pratt,  Isaac,  d.  June  20,  1862, 
Vick,  J.  S.,  d.  May  21.  1S62. 
■Woods,  George,  d.Julv  14.  18G2. 


Bovvers,  A.  H.  M.,  d,  July  9, 1862. 
Belt  K.  S.,  d.  Aug.  21,1802. 


Johnson,  James  M.,  d.  Feb.  2,  1S63. 
Connor,  John  M.,  d.  Jan.  28,  1863. 
McGuire,  Win.  H..  d.  Feb.  _*2.  1863. 
!  Edwards,  Samuel  J.,  d.  May  3,  1863. 
COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  J.  F.  Ford. 

r  Richards,  Emanuel  R..  d.  Nov.  21.  1S62. 
j  Richards,  Wiley  W.,  d.  Oct.  22,  1802. 
'  Harlos,  John,  d.  April  2,  1S63. 
'  Harlos,  Reuben,  d.  Feb.  '_4.  1863. 
:  Hicks,  Lsaac,  d.  Feb.  25,  1863. 

Bailey,  Samuel,  d.  June  12,  IS63. 
j  Wattersoa,  Thomas,  d.  May  5,  1803. 
COMPANY  H. 
Captr.in,  S.  T.  Dunwody. 

|  Lauderdale,  J.  IL,  d.  Jan.  2\  1S63. 
j  Sane,  J.  II.,  d.  April  17,  1S63. 
I  Hays,  J.  S.,  d.  June  29,  lfcG3. 
COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  Edward  A.  Watkins. 

Kidweii,  W.  D.,  d.  July  11.  1802. 
Moore,  J.  L.,  d.  Aug.  5,  18G2. 
Sisk,  Blackburn,  d.  Aug.  27.  IS62. 
Coeffee,  John,  d.  March  6,  1SG3. 
Jay,  Alfred,  d.  Mareh  20.  1863. 
Dinston,  Amos,  d.  March  27.  1863. 
COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  M.J.  McLendon. 

j  Lock  hard,  Silas,  d.  July  29, 1862. 
j  Raper,  L.  W.,  d.  April  17,  1863. 


THIRTY-SECOND  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  J.  P.  McGlire.   Nashville,  Ten.v. 

Undek  misapprehension  of  a  general  order  from  army  head-quarters,  the  medi- 
cal officers  of  this  regiment  burned  all  the  lolls,  rosters,  records,  and  books  of  the 
regiment  and  all  its  companies,  shortly  before  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Ten- 
nessee at  Greensboro,  X.  C,  in  April,  1S65.  Therefore,  this  sketch  is  r.eee^arii  - 
imperfect,  and  is  written  altogether  from  memory,  by  one  who  was  a  participant 
in  all  the  battles  and  important  events  in  which  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  wa* 
engaged. 


470  •     Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


In  the  spring  and  summer  of  18G1  many  volunteer  companies  organized  in 
Middle  Tennessee,  reported  to  the  Governor  of  the  State,  and  were  ordered  to 
rendezvous  at  Camp  Trousdale,.  Sumner  county,  where  they  were  placed  under  the 
•  command  of  Col.  (afterward  Brigadier-general)  Bushrod  Johnson,  with  Lieut. 
J.  P.  MeGuire  acting  temporarily  as  Adjutant.  After  remaining  in  camp  a  short 
while  ten  companies  formed  themselves  into  a  regiment,  and  offered  their  services 
formally  to  the  Confederate  Government  for  twelve  months.  These  companies 
were  from  the  counties  of  Giles,  Lincoln,  Lawrence,  Marshall,  Williamson,  and 
Franklin,  and  were  officered  as  follows: 

1.  Cook's  company,  Williamson  county:  Ed.  Cook,  Captain  ;  Jake  Morton,  First 
Lieutenant;  Robert  F.  McCaul,  Second  Lieutenant;  Thomas  Banks,  Brevet  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant. 

2.  Moore's  company,  Lawrence  county:  W.  P.  Moore,  Captain;  Thomas  D. 
Davenport,  First  Lieutenant;  William  D.  Anderson,  Second  Lieutenant;  R.  F. 
Bosham,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

3.  Winstead's  company,  Giles  county:  John  M.  Winstead,  Captain;  Thomas 

iAbernatliy,  First  Lieutenant ;  James  II.  Cook,  Second  Lieutenant ;  Field  Arrow- 
smith,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant, 

4.  Worley's  company,  Giles  county:  Willis  Worley,  Captain;  Joseph  Young, 
First  Lieutenant ;  W.  II.  Collins,  Second  Lieutenant ;  David  S.  Ilarmand,  Brevet 

I  Second  Lieutenant. 

o.  Hannah's  company,  Giles  county:  John  W.  Hannah,  Captain;  John  L. 
Brownlow,  First  Lieutenant;  G.  W.  Hammond,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

0.  Tucker's  company,  Lincoln  county:  C.  G.  Tucker,  Captain  ;  Joel  Pigg,  First 
Lieutenant;  Harris  Tucker,  Second  Lieutenant;  Carroll  Ellis,  Brevet  Second 
Lieutenant. 

7.  Finney's  company,  Lincoln  county  :  J.  J.  Finney,  Captain  ;  W.  P.  A.  Green, 
First  Lieutenant ;  John  M.  Wright,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  P.  MeGuire,  Brevet 
Second  Lieutenant. 

8.  Hunnicutt's  company,  Giles  county:  W.  H.  Hunnicutt,  Captain;  Miller  Bass, 
First  Lieutenant ;  G.  B.  Reasons,  Second  Lieutenant ;  Robert  F.  Holland,  Brevet 
Second  Lieutenant.  • 

9.  O'XeaFs  company,  Marshall  county:  William  P.  O'Neal,  Captain;  Jasper 
Smiley,  First  Lieutenant ;  Calvin  Coffey,  Second  Lieutenant ;  Frank  Hall,  Brevet 
Second  Lieutenant. 

10.  Ikord's  company,  Franklin  county:  Ikord,  Captain  ;  Orville  Bell,  First 

Lieutenant;  William  Marsh,  Second  Lieutenant;  Burt  McFinn,  Brevet  Second 
Lieutenant. 

The  field  officers  were  then  chosen  by  ballot,  resulting  in  the  election  of  Capt. 
Ed.  Cook  as  Colonel ;  Capt.  W.  P.  Moore,  Lieutenant-colonel ;  and  W.  J.  Brown- 
low,  Major.  The  staff  officers  were:  Capt.  John  Sheppard,  Quartermaster;  Capt. 
E.  S.  Wilson,  Commissary;  Drs.  E.  M.  Waters  and  J.  F.  Grant,  Surgeons;  Calvin 
Jones,  Adjutant;  and  Thomas  Moore,  Sergeant-major.  Thus  organized,  the  regi- 
ment was  accepted  and  mustered  into  service,  and  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Albert 
Sidney  Johnston.  If  there  was  a  man  connected  with  the  regiment  who  had  the 
least  idea  of  military  life  he  is  not  now  remembered ;  so  we  had  every  thing  to 
learn.  We  soon,  however,  proved  very  efficient  in  drilling,  and  early  in  the  fall 
we  were  armed  with  smooth-bore  muskets. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       471 


About  this  time  we  were  ordered  to  East  Tennessee  to  do  patrol  duty  in  Chat- 
tanooga and  surrounding  country,  and  to  guard  bridges  from  Bridgeport,  Alabama, 
to  Chattanooga.  In  December  we  were  ordered  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  by  rail, 
and  reached  there  about  Christmas,  when  we  went  into  winter-quarters.  The 
military  spirit  was  intense,  and  all  had  addressed  themselves  to  it  so  diligently 
that  by  February  we  were  fairly  drilled  and  under  pretty  good  discipline.  About 
February  1,  1862,  we  were  ordered  to  Russellville,  Ky.,  to  report  to  Gen.  Buck- 
ner,  and  remained  there  a  short  while  engaged  in  drilling  and  inspection  prepara- 
tory 10  active  service.  "We  were  not  kept  waiting  long,  and  without  knowing  whither 
we  were  bound,  orders  came  to  prepare  rations  and  be  ready  to  move  at  "a  mo- 
ment's notice."  Railroad  transportation  was  furnished  us  from  Kussellville,  Ky., 
to  Clarksville,  Tenn.,  and  reaching  the  latter  place  we  bivouacked  on  the  we^t 
side  of  the  Cumberland  River  for  a  few  days,  when  we  took  the  old  steamer 
'"City  of  Nashville"  and  were  transported  to  Fort  Donelson,  near  Dover,  Tenn. 
We  reached  Dover  after  dark,  marched  back  about  two  miles  and  bivouacked  for  the 
night.  Next  morning  we  took  our  position  in  the  line  of  defense  immediately  on 
the  right  of  and  supporting  Graves's  Kentucky  battery.  Our  position  was  to  the 
right  of  the  center  of  our  land  line  of  defense,  and  perhaps  a  mile  and  a  half 
i'iom  the  fort.  We  proceeded  at  once  to  build  rifle-pits  and  to  fell  the  timber 
in  our  front,  and  otherwise  strengthen  our  position,  for  we  were  told  the  enemy 
under  Gen.  Grant  was  moving  by  land  on  Fort  Donelson,  via  Fort  Henry  on  the 
Tennessee  River,  which  latter  point  they  had  already  invested,  while  a  heavy 
fleet  of  gun-boats  was  moving  up  the  Cumberland  on  the  fort. 

At  day-break  next  morning  we  discovered  the  enemy's  sharp-shooters  posted  in 
our  front,  as  well  as  some  of  their  field  artillery.  Thvy  had  also  extended  their  posi- 
tion farther  to  our  left,  and  were  threatening  the  positions  occupied  by  the  Tenth, 
Forty-first,  and  Fifty-third  Tennessee  regiments  and  Maney's  battery,  all  being  in 
plain  view  of  our  position.  On  our  Tight  were  Col.  Palmer's  Eighteenth  Tennes- 
see Regiment  and  Col.  John  C.  Brown's  Third  Tennessee.  About  11  o'clock  of  this 
day  an  assault  was  made  upon  our  line  by  the  enemy's  infantry,  near  the  right 
of  Brown's  regiment,  but  was  easily  repelled.  About  1  p.m.  a  very  stubborn 
attack  was  made  on  the  position  occupied  by  the  Tenth,  Forty-first,  and  Fifty- 
third  Tennessee  regiments,  and  for  a  considerable  time  it  appeared  that  this  part 
of  the  line  would  be  broken.  Although  poorly  armed,  these  regiments,  with 
Maney's  battery,  maintained  their  position,  repelling  every  assault,  inflicting  ter- 
rible loss  upon  their  assailants,  and  gaining  a  glorious  victory.  Graves's  battery, 
too,  which  was  posted  on  the  crest  of  the  hill  overlooking  their  position,  did 
splendid  service.  The  enemy  charged  right  up  to  our  breastworks,  so  that  when 
driven  back  their  dead  and  wounded  lay  thick  upon  the  ground  for  hundreds  u( 
yards  back  to  the  woods,  which  took  tire  from  their  guns,  and  many  of  their  wounded 
perished  in  the  flames,  as  they  were  prevented  by  Graves's  battery  and  the  in- 
fantry which  had  just  defeated  them  from  removing  either  their  dead  or  wound- 
ed. The  shrieks  of  the  wretched  wounded  men  were  truly  heart-rending.  The 
weather  was  cold,  and  with  the  closing  of  the  day  a  heavy  snow-storm  set  in  which 
stopped  the  burning  of  the  woods,  but  brought  a  state  of  affairs  almost  as  deplora- 
ble for  their  wounded  as  that  which  they  had  just  experienced.  Cannonading  be- 
gan next  morning  between  our  batteries  and  the  enemy*-  Beet,  and  lasted  till  late 
in  the  afternoon,  when  fate  again  decided  against  the  enemy,  who,  with  some  ves- 


472 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


sels  entirely  destroyed  and  others  badly  damaged,  was  compelled  to  move  off  with 
his  magnificent  fleet. 

However,  next  morning  the  Wattle  was  renewed  and  with  increased  earnestness. 
About  {j  a.m.  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  Regiment,  supported  by  Col.  Palmer's 
Eighteenth  Tennessee  Regiment,  was  ordered  to  attack  the  enemy.  Moving  for- 
ward about  a  mile  and  finding  no  enemy,  and  feeling  that  we  were  being  cut  off, 
Col.  Cook  halted  the  regiment  and  corrected  the  alignment.  We  were  in  the 
raidsst  of  a  dense  forest  and  heavy  undergrowth,  and  there  was  so  much  smoke 
we  could  see  only  a  short  distance  in  front  of  us.  Col.  Cook,  therefore,  appealed 
to  Capt.  Finney's  company  for  an  officer  and  six  or  seven  men  to  volunteer  as 
skirmishers.  Lieut.  J.  P.  McGuire  and  the  requisite  number  of  men  responded 
promptly,  but  before  they  had  time  to  even  attempt  it  the  enemy  opened  upon  us 
with  both  infantry  and  artillery,  and  seemed  to  have  been  in  ambush  for  us. 
Being  at  close  range  and  unable  to  drive  the  enemy,  the  regiment  was  withdrawn. 
Our  loss  in  numbers  was  comparatively  slight,  but  included  our  gallant  Lieuten- 
ant-colonel, William  P.  Moore,  who  was  mortally  wounded  and  died  soon  after- 
ward. About  '■]  P.M.  we  reached  our  former  position,  and  about  4  p.m.  a  very  vig- 
orous assault  was  made  on  the  extreme  right  of  our  line  and  in  plain  view  of  our 
regiment,  hut  on  a  neighboring  hill.  The  enemy  was  successful  in  this  attack, 
and  occupied  our  trenches  immediately  in  rear  of  Fort  Donelson,  and  it  was 
thought  from  that  position  they  would  be  able  to  command  the  fort,  but  night 
coming  on  no  further  attempt  was  made  in  that  direction.  We  all  believed  the 
next  day  would  be  a  bloody  one,  but  to  the  surprise  and  mortification  of  nearly  all 
of  us  daylight  revealed  the  white  flag  all  along  our  line.  Gen.  Buckner  had  sur- 
rendered during  the  night,  or  on  the  morning  of  February  16,  1602.  Shortly  after 
daylight  the  various  commands  of  our  army  were  formed,  stacked  their  arms,  and 
surrendered  formally  to  Gen.  Grant. 

Detailed  men  were  then  sent  out  to  bury  the  dead,  which  being  done,  we  were 
ordered  aboard  a  steam-boat,  being  now  prisoners  of  war,  and  sent  down  the  river 
to  Cairo,  111.  At  this  place  the  officers  and  men  were  separated,  the  field  and 
s tail' officers  sent  with  the  officers  of  the  line  to  Camp  Chase,  near  Columbus,  Ohio; 
while  the  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates  were  sent  to  Camp  Morton,  near 
Indianapolis,  Ind.  From  Camp  Chase  the  field  and  staff  officers  were  sent  to  Fort 
Warren,  Mass.  After  remaining  at  Camp  Chase  a  few  weeks  the  officers  of  our 
regiment  were  removed  to  a  new  prison  which  had  just  been  established  on  John- 
son's Island,  in  Lake  Erie,  near  Sandusky  city.  We  were  prisoners  a  little  more 
than  six  months,  when  we  were  sent  to  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  and  exchanged,  and  then 
ordered  to  rendezvous  at  Jackson,  Miss. 

Our  first  term  of  service  had  expired,  and  many  of  our  officers  who  were  exempt 
from  further  service  on  account  of  being  over  military  age,  declined  to  reenlist; 
and  therefore  the  companies  and  the  regiment  were  reorganized  about  October  1, 
1862.  By  election  Capt.  W.  P.  O'Neal  and  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant  J.  P.  Mc- 
Guire were  made  Captains  of  their  re>neetive  companies,  but  were  in  a  few  min- 
utes promoud  to  field  officers.     The  companies  then  elected  officers  as  follows: 

1.  Cook's  company:  Jake  Morton,  Captain;  Robert  F.  McCaul,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; Thomas  Banks,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  Waddy,  Brevet  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

2.  Moore's  company:  Thomas  D.  Davenport,  Captain;  William  Anderson,  First 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        473 


Lieutenant;    R,  F.  Bosham,  Second  Lieutenant;    James  White,  Brevet  Second 

Lieutenant. 

3.  Winstead's  company :  Field  Arrowsmith,  Captain; Bunch,  First -Lieu- 
tenant; N.  A.  Young,  Second  Lieutenant;  Green  Bunch.  Brevet  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

4.  Worley's  company:  Jos,  Young,  Captain;  W.  K.  Collins.  First  Lieutenant; 
David  S.  llannon,  Second  Lieutenant;  William  Summers,  Brevet  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

5.  Hannah's  company:  John  L.  Brownlow,  Captain;  Fred.  Fogg,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; G.  W.  Hammond,  Second  Lieutenant; ,  Brevet  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

6.  Tucker's  company:  C.  G.  Tucker,  Captain;  Joel  F.  Pigg,  First  Lieutenant: 
Harris  H.  Tucker,  Second  Lieutenant;  Carroll  Lllis,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

7.  Finney's  company:  W.  A.  Summers,  Captain;  John  M.  "Wright,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; John  E.  Smith,  Second  Lieutenant: ,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

8.  liunuicutt's  company  :  J-  M.  Bass,  Captain;  G.  B.  Reasons,  First  Lieutenant; 
Robert  F.  Holland,  Second  Lieutenant;  — ,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

9.  O'Neal's  company :  Frank  Hall,  Captain;  Jasper  Smiley,  First  Lieutenant; 
Calvin  Coffee,  Second  Lieutenant;  Jos.  San  ford.  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

10.  Ikord's  company:  John  L>.  (dark,  Captain;  William  Marsh,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; Burt  MeFinn,  Second  Lieutenant; ■,  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant. 

The  companies  then  reelected  Ed.  Cook  Colonel,  and  made  Capt.  "Wm.  P.  O'Neal 
Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Capt.  J.  P.  Maguire  Major.  The  new  staff  was  ns  follows: 
Capt.  John  Sheppard,  Quartermaster;  Doctors  James  F.  Grant  and  Thomas  J. 
Iteid,  Surgeons;  Dr.  Lewis  S.  Freeman,  Assistant  Surgeon;  Lieut.  K.  A.  Irvin, 
Adjutant;  David  S.  Bodenhammer,  Sergeant-major;  Luther  W.  MeCord,  Qnarter- 
master  Sergeant;  George  M.  Brownlow,  Commissary  Sergeant;  David  D.  Maney, 
Ordnance  Sergeant;  Dr.  Mark  Allison,  Hospital  Steward.  All  being  trained  sol- 
diers, we  were  armed  and  equipped  and  ordered  to  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  where 
we  remained  a  short  time  without  incident;  and  were  next  ordered  to  report  to 
Gen.  Forrest  at  Murfreesboro,  Tennessee,  at  which  place  we  staid  several  weeks 
drilling,  disciplining  and  recruiting.  Our  regiment  soon  numbered  eleven  hun- 
dred men  and  officers,  and  we  were  told  from  this  time  to  the  end  of  the  war  that 
it  was  considered  one  of  the  finest  and  most  efficient  regiments  in  the  service. 

We  remained  at  Murfreesboro  until  some  time  in  November,  when  we  bivouacked 
at  La  Yenjne  several  days,  and  then  received  marching  orders,  together  with  some 
other  regiments  of  infantry,  some  artillery,  and  Forrest's  cavalry.  We  moved 
north  on  the  Nashville  pike  at  eleven  o'clock  at  night,  and  it  was  understood  we 
were  to  attack  Nashville  next  morning.  At  day-break  we  were  drawn  up  in  line 
of  battle  on  the  hill  near  the  Murfreesboro  pike,  south  of  and  overlooking  the 
citv.  After  tiie  exchange  of  a  few  -hots  between  our  advance  and  the  enemy's 
outposts,  we  withdrew  without  having  accomplished  any  thing.  The  only  accident 
resulting  from  this  expedition  was  the  slight  wounding  in  the  face  of  Maj.  Strange, 
of  Gen.  Forrest's  staff.  Returning  to  Murfreesboro,  we  remained  under  command 
of  Gen.  Forrest  until  a  few  days  before  the  battle  of  Stone's  Rivet,  when  we  were 
ordered  on  post  duty  with  head-quarter^  at  Wartrace.  Here  we  encamped  until 
ourarmv  withdrew  from  Murfreesboro  and  went  into  winter-quarters  at  Tullahoma. 
Up  to  this  time  our  regiment  hid  never  had  any  connection  with  a  regularly  or- 


474 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ganized  briga  le;  but  here  Col.  John  (.'.  Brown,  of  the  Third  Tennessee,  was  pro- 
moted to  Brigadier-general,  and  given  as  his  brigade  the  Eighteenth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  Thirty-second,  and  Forty-fifth  regiments,  all  Tennessee  troops.  In  June. 
ISGo,  we  were  marched  to  Beech  Grove,  and  were  there  only  a  short  time  when  we 
were  ordered  to  prepare  three  days  rations  and  to  he  ready  to  move  at  a  moment's 
warning.  The  marching  orders  came,  and  also  information  that  a  strong  party 
of  Federals  had  gone  out  from  Murfreesboro  in  the  direction  of  Woodbury.  This 
was  our  first  forced  march,  and  one  that  will  be  remembered  by  every  participant 
to  the  end  of  his  life.  It  appeared  that  the  Federals  had  passed  through  gome 
gap  of  the  mountains,  and  if  we  could  reach  the  gap  before  they  were  aware  of  our 
approach,  we  would  have  them  at  great  disadvantage  and  be  sure  to  capture 
or  destroy  the  whole  force.  We  reached  the  point,  but  the  enemy  had  heard,  of 
our  coming  and  withdrawn  from  the  trap  we  had  set  for  them.  The  (}\y  being 
very  hot,  the  men  were  much  fatigued;  many  were  entirely  exhausted,  and  a  num- 
ber died  from  overheat  and  fatigue.  From  this  point  we  vcre  ordered  back  to 
Beech  Grove,  and  then  to  Wartraee,  and  finally  on  the  first  of  July  fell  back  to 
Tuliahoma.  We  spent  some  days  in  fortifying  this  place,  and  then  were  ordered 
into  line  of  battle  near  to  and  cast  of  the  village.  About  midnight  of  this  day 
Gen.  Bragg  began  Lis  retreat  from  Middle  Tennessee  via  Sewanee  and  Jasper, 
crossing  the  Tennessee  River  below  Chattanooga,  where  we  bivouacked  several 
days,  and  then  went  into  camp  for  some  days  at  Tyner  s  Station.  We  were  then 
ordered  back  to  the  Tennessee  River  a  few  miles  above  Chattanooga,  where  the 
enemy  soon  appeared  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river,  and  some  sharp-shooting 
was  indulged  in,  but  resulted  in  nothing  of  importance.  We  marched  next  to 
the  south  of  Chattanooga,  east  of  Lookout  Mountain,  where  it  was  understood  we 
might  have  some  fighting,  as  the  Federals  had  crossed  the  river  and  were  reported 
in  considerable  force  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  mountain  in  the  valley,  and  were 
expected  to  flank  Gen.  Bragg  by  passing  through  the  mountain  by  way  of  McLe- 
more's  Cove.  It  was  reported  that  a  division  of  Federal  infantry  had  passed 
through  this  cove,  and  was  slowly  moving  in  the  direction  of  La  Fayette,  Georgia. 
Stewart's  division,  to  which  we  now  belonged,  was  sent  in  pursuit  with  a  view  of 
cutting  them  off  by  gaining  the  gap  through  which  they  had  passed.  We 
reached  the  vicinity  of  the  gap,  within  live  or  six  miles,  when  we  came  in  contact 
with  the  Federal  outposts,  but  the  main  body  had  passed  through  the  gap  and 
escaped.  We  then  marched  across  the  country  via  La  Fayette,  Georgia,  to  the 
bloody  battle-field  of  Chiekamauga. 

In  the  first  day's  battle  at  Chiekamauga,  September  10,  1S63,  our  division  was 
in  the  first  line  of  battle,  and  our  regiment  was  the  center  regiment  of  Brown's 
brigade.  Our  Col.  Cook  was  in  command  of  the  regiment,  assisted  by  Major 
McGuire,  our  Lieutenant-colonel  O'Neal  being  absent  sick.  We  numbered  for 
duty  nine  hundred  men  and  officers,  and  all  seemed  "eager  for  the  fray."  The 
battle  had  already  begun  on  ether  parts  of  the  line,  and  the  rattle  and  roar  had 
been  listened  to  for  some  time,  when  we  were  ordered  to  load  and  prepare  for  ac- 
tion. Next  came  the  order  "  Forward!*'  and  in  a  short  time  our  :-kirmishers  met 
those  of  the  enemy  and  soon  drove  them  in.  We  were  now  within  easy  rifle-range 
of  their  line  of  battle,  which  poured  upon  us  volley  after  volley  of  musketry  and 
artillerv.     The  "double-quick"  was  ordered,  and  then  the  '''charge,"   when  our 


men  raise 


1  the  '"'rebel  yell,"  and.  pressing  on  in  tine  order  Boon  found  ourselvi 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


to 


on  the  ground  which  had  just  been  occupied  by  the  enemy.  Pressing  on  again,  we 
drove  the  enemy  before  as,  inflicting  terrible  damage.  Our  regiment,  though  suf- 
fering heavily  in  killed  and  wotaaded,  was  being  abundantly  successful.     We  had 

met,  and  were  still  meeting,  most  stubborn  resistance,  but  we  overcame  it  all.  The 
situation  was  so  grave,  and  the  struggle  so  tierce,  we  did  not  look  to  right  or  left; 
but  the  commands,  "  Steady  I"  "Forward!"  "Aim  low!"  "Make  every  shut 
count!" — these  were  heard  as  the  deadly  conflict  was  urged  on.  Our  regiment 
had  captured  several  pieces  of  artillery,  and  driven  the  confronting  euemy  from 
every  position,  when  Major  MoGuire,  who  was  commanding  the  right  wing,  dis- 
covered that  the  rig-lit  wing  of  the  brigade  was  not  in  sight.  This  fact  was  com- 
municated to  Col.  Cook  at  once.  The  regiment  was  halted,  and  the  Thirty-second 
Tennessee  stood  there  without  support  on  the  right  or  on  the  left.  Col.  Cook  be- 
ing approached  with  the  suggestion  if  he  did  not  withdraw  his  regiment  it  would 
be  captured,  replied,  "The  Thirty-second  Tennessee  will  never  leave  the  field 
until  ordered  to  do  so!"  And  it  did  n't.  But  the  line  of  battle  Xo.  2  no  sooner 
passed  us  than  we  were  ordered  to  rejoin  our  brigade  to  the  rear  of  this  position. 
"We  were  engaged  this  day  three  hours  and  twenty  minutes.  Our  loss  in  killed 
and  wounded  was  heavy.  Col.  Cook  and  Major  McGuire  both  had  their  horses 
shot  under  them.  The  battle  continued  on  until  night.  We  occupied  the  field 
from  which  the  Federals  had  been  driven,  and  on  which  their  dead  and  wounded 
were  left  by  thousands. 

That  night  was  one  never  to  be  forgotten,  especially  by  those  of  our  regiment 
who  were  on  the  skirmish  line.  It  was  the  writer's  lot  to  command  the  skirmishes 
covering  Brown's  brigade  and  our  regiment  that  night.  We  stood  at  the  muzzle 
of  the  enemy's  muskets,  so  to  speak,  and  they  stood  at  the  muzzle  of  ours;  so  that 
the  least  noise  never  failed  to  provoke  a  shot.  We  therefore  learned  to  be  very 
quiet.  Our  army  lay  upon  arms,  and  as  all  were  worn  and  tired  with  the  day's 
work,  all  were  soon  asleep.  Of  course  we  skirmishers  and  pickets  had  to  keep 
our  eyes  and  ears  open  all  night,  and  our  lingers  on  the  trigger.  We  happened 
to  occupy  a  portion  of  the  field  near  a  farm-house,  in  and  around  which  large 
numbers  of  Federal  wounded  had  been  gathered  during  the  day,  and  near  which 
a  very  large  number  of  animals  in  harness  were  left  by  the  retreating  and  beaten 
enemy.  Some  of  these  animals  were  dead,  some  wounded,  some  parts  of  a  train 
unhurt,  but  could  not  escape  on  account  of  some  of  the  others  of  the  train  being 
either  dead  or  disabled.  As  the  night  grew  old  the  monotony  was  heavy,  and  the 
stillness  intense  and  painful;  yet  often,  in  the  midst  of  this,  wounded  soldiers  about 
the  house  could  be  heard  begging  piteously  for  water;  another  and  another  would 
shriek  with  pain  as  if  a  dagger  was  at  his  heart;  then  the  groaning  of  the  wounded 
animals,  or  the  neighing  of  a  sound  horse,  would  appear  to  be  a  signal  for  the  rest 
of  the  animals  to  make  their  complaints  and  efibrts  to  be  released  from  their  con- 
finement; they  would  break  forth  in  the  most  hideous  and  unearthly  yells  and 
groans  imaginable,  which  seemed  to  be  taken  up  from  the  signal  point  and  would 
run  all  along  the  line,  sometimes  lasting  a  minute  or  two;  yet  no  one  dared  move 
to  offer  relief. 

On  the  morning  of  the  20th  of  September,  which  was  the  second  day's  battle  of 
Chickaruaugn,  we  all  realized  that  another  terrible  day  was  before  us.  Yet  flushed 
with  our  success  of  the  day  before,  all  seemed  confident  and  courageous.  "We 
occupied  the  first  line  of  battle  again  this  day.     Directly  after  day-dawn  and  be- 


17075.99 


476  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


lore  sunrise  it  was  necessary  for  our  brigade  t<>  change  its  position  8  little  to  the 
right.     It  was  Intended  tl.is  change  shoiahi  be  accomplished  before  it  was  light, 

but  before  it  was  executed  it  was  nearly  sunup,  and  we  found  ourselves  exposed 
to  a  heavy  artillery  lire  in  front  of  our  new  position,  while  our  skirmish  line  was 
being  terribly  afflicted  by  the  enemy's  sharp-shooters.  The  sharp-shooting  and 
cannonading  were  kept  up  until  about  11  a.m.  Our  men  and  officers  who  had 
been  on  skirmish  duty  since  the  evening  before  reported  to  the  regiment,  when 
we  were  ordered  to  load  and  prepare  for  action.  Already  far  away  to  our  right 
and  left  the  storm  of  battle  was  raging  with  gre.it  fury,  and  we  listened  with  almost 
breathless  anxiety  at  the  thunder  of  artillery,  musketry",  and  the  yells  of  the 
charging  Confederates.  Those  Of  us  who  had  been  on  the  skirmish  line  knew 
what  a  powerful  battery  of  twelve  guns  confronted  us,  and  what  a  strong  position 
it  occupied;  this  knowledge  seemed  to  nerve  us  for  the  terrible  undertaking  which 
,  was  now  at  hand.  We  were  ordered  forward,  and  soon  came  in  sight  of  the  bat- 
terv  and  a  strong  line  of  infantry,  both  of  which  were  firing  rapidly  upon  us. 
We  were  at  a  double-quick,  and  seeing  the  position  of  the  enemy  we  were  ordered 
to  charge,  and  soon  had  pos-es.-don  of  all  the  guns  in  our  front.  We  pressed  on, 
losing  heavily,  but  inflicting  heavy  loss  on  the  Federals  in  turn.  Ail  were  highly 
elated  over  the  success  we  were  achieving,  although  at  such  heavy  cost.  In  the 
midst  of  our  success  Captain  Tucker,  commanding  the  right  company  of  our  regi- 
ment, called  Maj.  ^IcGuire's  attention  to  the  fact  that  we  were  about  to  be  captured. 
Looking  in  the  direction  of  the  battery  about  six  hundred  yards  back,  we  saw 
thousandsof  Federals  forming  in  our  rear,  and  upon  the  line  from  which  we  had  just- 
driven  them.  They  seemed  not  to  See  us  nor  to  know  that  we  were  in  their  rear. 
Col.  Cook  faced  us  about  and  moved  obliquely  to  the  right,  which  movement  the 
Twenty-sixth  Tennessee  and  Newman's  Battalion,  who  were  on  our  left  and  now 
in  sight,  conformed  to.  About  the  time  we  were  reaching  a  prolongation  of  the 
I  .  line  occupied  by  the  battery  the  guns  were  turned  upon  us,  and  although  we  did 

escape  capture  it  was  with  heavy  loss.  The  regiment  of  our  brigade  to  our  right 
had  again  failed  to  carry  their  points,  so  we  were  thereby  forced  to  relinquish  ail 
we  had  ginned;  the  regiment  to  our  left,  however,  kept  abreast  with  us  on  this 
day,  and  did  iheir  work  well. 

Line  of  battle  No.  2  was  put  in,  and  we  were  told  to  recapture  the  battery 
which  we  had  captured  and  lost.  Late  that  afternoon  we  were  ordered  for- 
ward again,  and  although  not  tiring  ourselves  we  were  exposed  to  a  most  terrific 
fire  from  the  enemy;  but  this  force  being  attacked  in  flank,  surrendered  before  it 
was  necessary  for  us  to  open  tire  upon  them.  It  was  now  night,  and  the  held  was 
ours  again,  with  the  enemy  beaten  at  all  points.  That  night  they  retreated  to 
Chattanooga.  Two  days  after,  we  marched  up  to  Chattanooga,  where  we  found 
the  Federals  strongly  fortified.  We  drew  up  in  line  of -battle  east  of  the  city  and 
engaged  their  skirmishers,  which  provoked  some  shots  from  their  heavy  guns  but 
did  us  no  harm.  We  were  environing  Chattanooga,  perhaps  a  month,  during 
which  time  nothing  of  importance  transpired. 

About  the  middle  of  October  our  brigade  was  reen  forced  by  the  Third  Tennes- 
see, and  ordered  to  join  Major-gen.  C.  L.  Stevenson's  division,  then  in  quarters  on 
top  of  Lookout  Mountain.  Our  principal  duty  during  our  stay  on  the  mountain 
was  to  picket  the  passes  and  trails  up  its  sides  to  prevent  our  division  being  sur- 
prised.    Some  time  in  November  our  brigade  received  marching  orders,  and  it  was 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


-177 


rumored  that  a  brigade  or  more  of  Federal  infantry  and  cavalry  was  moving  up 
Willi's  Valley,  about  Trenton,  Ga.,  and  thai  we  were  going  down,  via  Nickajack 
trail,  to  surprise  and  capture  them,  and  supply  ourselves  with  blankets  and  shoes, 
with  which  we  heard  they  wore  abundantly  supplied,  and  which  we  sadly  needed. 
We  set  out  in  high  glee  at  the  bright  prospects  before  us,  reached  Nickajack  trail, 
ten  or  twelve  miles  south  of  Lookout  Point,  and  began  the  descent,  expecting  soon 
after  we  reached  the  valley  to  pounce  upon  our  game,  gobble  them  up,  and  march 
triumphantly  back  to  camp  with  our  booty;  but  before  reaching  the  valley  scouts 
had  been  sent  forward,  arid  they  reported  that  Sherman's  whole  army  was  over 
there,  which  proved  to  be  true.  So  we  faced  about,  and  went  back  up  the  trail  in 
as  much  haste  as  we  could.  "We  returned  to  Lookout  Point,  rejoined  our  division, 
and  remained  there  observing  the  movements  of  both  armies,  a  greater  part  of 
which  we  could  plainly  see,  as  well  as  having  a  tine  view  of  Chattanooga  and  sur- 
rounding country. 

The  stories  which  have  gone  the  rounds  of  the  Northern  press  concerning  "the 
battle  above  the  clouds''  are  of  the  wildest  and  most  exaggerated  character  imag- 
inable. The  day  on  which  it  is  said  to  have  occurred  was  the  darkest  I  ever  wit- 
nessed, it  being  impossible  to  see  a  man  on  horseback  sixty  feet  from  us.  The 
Thirty-second  Tennessee  was  ordered  to  report  to  the  division  ofiicer  of  the  day, 
Major  McGuire.  Dear  in  mind  wc  were  on  top  of  Lookout  Point,  scattered  all 
around  the  Point  for  hundreds  of  yards,  in  the  midst  of  an  incessant  rain;  and 
being  right  up  in  the  clouds,  we  were  in  a  darkness  almost  as  black  as  night.  We 
kept  up  a  constant  lire  down  through  the  clouds  during  the  entire  day.  Some  ten 
or  fifteen  feet  below  the  summit  of  the  Point  there  is  a  sort  of  second  valley,  in 
which  there  are  now,  and  was  then,  quite  a  number  of  settlements.  It  was  in 
this  valley  the  celebrated  battle  was  fought  between  Gen.  Joe  Hooker's  corps  of 
the  Federal  army  and  Gen.  Walthall's  command  of  Confederates,  resulting  in 
the  capture  of  most  of  the  latter.  About  9  o'clock  that  night  the  rain  had  ceased, 
the  clouds  cleared  away,  and  the  night  was  beautifully  star-lit.  We  then  with- 
drew from  the  Point,  and  began  the  evacuation  of  our  position  on  Lookout  Mount- 
ain, bivouacking  in  the  valley  south  of  the  city.  Our  forces  had  been  driven 
around  the  base  of  the  Point  to  a  place  near  the  road  by  -which  we  had  just  re- 
treated, and  the  firing  was  still  kept  up  quite  vigorously  on  both  sides.  It  was  a 
memorable  day,  not  soon  to  be  forgotten.  The  sight  was  indeed  beautiful.  The 
blazes  from  the  Hashing  rifles  a  mile  or  two  away  seemed  to  pass  each  other,  look- 
ing like  the  trails  of  immense  comets.  Not  a  Federal  soldier  was  ever  on  Look- 
out Point  that  day  or  night,  their  many  statements  to  the  contrary  notwithstand- 
ing. 

Before  daylight  next  morning  we  were  marching  to  our  position  in  the  battle- 
line  on  Missionary  Pudge.  Our  position  was  on  the  western  slope  of  the  ridge, 
our  left  resting  near  the  tunnel  on  the  Fast  Tennessee  and  Virginia  railroad. 
We  had  been  there  but  a  little  while  when  the  Federals  attacked  us;  but  we  re- 
pulsed them  easily,  with  but  few  casualties.  On  the  right  our  forces  were  success- 
ful, but  half  a  mile  to  our  left,  where  the  ridge  was  high  and  the  hill  steep,  the 
Mississippi  troops,  under  command  of  (.en.  Day,  were  attacked  late  in  the  after- 
noon and  their  line  broken,  which  lost  the  day  to  (Jen.  Bragg.  That  night  we 
retreated  in  the  direction  of  Dalt  m,  Ga..  at  which  place  we  went  into  winter- 
quarters  and  remained  until  the  following  spring,  nothing  of  interest  transpiring 


4:78  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


except  the  supersedure  of  Gen.  Bragg,  in  command  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee, 
by  (,en.  Joseph  E.  Johnston. 

Early  in  the  spring  of  1864  we  moved  to  the  vicinity  of  Tunnel  Hill,  and  dur- 
ing this  time  eighteen  men  belonging  to  a  company  in  a  North  Carolina  regiment 
deserted  in  a  body  and  went  over  to  the  enemy.  They  were  subsequently  eapt- 
ured,  tried  by  court-martial,  found  guilty,  and  sentenced  to  be  shot  to  death  by 
musketry  in  the  presence  of  their  corps.  Eighteen  graves  had  been  dug,  eighteen 
stakes  planted.— one  at  the  he-ad  of  each  grave — and  eighteen  coffins  prepared. 
The  night  before  the  execution  was  to  take  place  one  of  the  men  died  of  disease, 
and  on  the  morning  of  the  execution  another  was  pardoned  by  the  President,  leav- 
ing sixteen  to  be  shot.  These  were  pinioned  and  placed  in  wagons,  seated  on  their 
coffins,  with  guards  in  each  wagon,  and  driven  together  to  their  graves,  where  the 
troops  had  already  formed  in  hollow  square  so  that  all  should  see.  Ten  paces  in 
front  of  the  row  of  graves  a  battalion  was  drawn  up  in  line  with  loaded  guns. 
The  condemned  men  were  taken  from  the  wagons,  each  one  tied  to  a  stake,  and 
his  coffin  placed  before  him  by  his  grave.  The  eharges,  specifications,  and  find- 
ings of  the  court-martial,  together  with  the  order  of  execution,  were  read  aloud 
to  them,  all  of  which  being  finished  and  the  battalion  at  i: shoulder  arms.*'  the 
marshal  blindfolded  each  of  the  condemned  men  by  tying  a  strip  of  cloth,  which 
had  previously  been  hung  upon  the  stake,  over  their  eyes,  and  then  stepping  off 
to  the  right,  and  obliquely  in  front  of  the  battalion,  without  uttering  a  word  gave 
three  motions  of  his  handkerchief,  indicating  *'Keady;  aim;  fire:"  and  sixteen 
I  souls  were  hurled  into  eternity. 

Soon  after  tins  execution  we  were  ordered  into  line  of  battle  on  the  summit  of 
Kocky  Eace  Mountain,  where  we  met  a  very  fierce  attack  of  the  enemy,  which 
we  repelled  without  much  difficulty,  but  with  considerable  loss  to  us  and  heavy 
loss  to  our  assailants.  Erorn  Kocky  Eace  Mountain  we  were  ordered  to  re- 
treat to  Eesaca.  The  afternoon  we  reached  Eesaca  our  brigade  (Brown's)  had 
been  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Wheeler,  commanding  the  cavalry,  and  which  was 
being  closely  pressed  by  the  enemy  while  bringing  up  the  rear  of  our  army. 
About  an  hour  before  sundown  we  were  thrown  into  line  of  battle,  and  fought  the 
unimportant  battle  of  Smoky  Creek  Gap.  In  the  Thirty-second  Regiment  were 
three  mischievous  characters — Turn  Poteet,  Alex.  Crawford,  and  George  Bevil — 
one  of  whom  could  neigh  exactly  like  a  stallion,  one  could  gobble  like  a  turkey, 
and  the  other  bray  like  a  donkey.  Soou  the  battle  commenced,  and  the  firing  was 
"hot*as  pepper,"'  when  right  in  the  midst  of  the  fierce  conflict  Sergeant  Crawford 
began  to  gobble,  Poteet  to  neigh,  and  Bevil  to  bray,  and  continued  their  fun  until 
the  enemy  retreated  in  utter  dismay,  no  doubt  wondering  what  manner  of  rebels 
they  had  attacked.  Our  casualties  in  this  affair  were  slight.  That  night  we 
parsed  through  the  village  of  Eesaca.  In  a  day  or  two  the  battle  of  Eesaca  was 
fought,  and  we  were  assigned  position  near  the  extreme  right  of  the  line  01  bat- 
tle, some  distance  above  the  village,  where  we  had  two  days  of  hard  fighting. 
The  enemy  had  taken  position  on  the  opposite  side  of  an  open  field,  along  the 
border  of  which  we  were  formed,  and  had  intrenched  themselves  back  in  the 
woods  some  two  hundred  yards  from  the  edge  of  the  field.  They  had  aent  a 
strong  line  of  -kirmi-hers  down  to  the  cA^e  of  the  timber,  and  were  tiring  across 
the  field  at  us  with  some  etleer.  This  had  been  kept  up  for  several  hours  when 
Gen.  Brown  ordered  Major  McGuire,  who  was  commanding  our  skirmishers,  to 


Begi&ental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls 


•±79 


attack  the  enemy's  skirmishers  and  drive  them  from  the  edge  of  the  wood  across 
the  Held,  telling  him  at  the  same  time  that  he  would  follow  closely  upon  the 
movements  of  the  skirmishers  with  the  brigade.  Our  skirmishers  moved  through 
the  open  field  in  full  view  of  the  entire  brigade,  under  a  most  terrific  fire,  and  vet 
in  the  most  perfect  order  and  in  the  grandest  style,  completely  routing  the  enemy's 
skirmishers,  and  inflicting  heavy  loss  in  killed,  wounded,  and  captured.  The 
grandeur  of  the  movement  was  only  excelled  by  Gen.  Brown  and  our  brigade,  who 
did  follow  our  lead.  Reaching  the  position  now  occupied  by  our  skirmishers,  Gen. 
Brown  halted  the  brigade  a  few  seconds  to  learn  the  exact  position  of  the  enemy, 
then  ordered  the  boys  to  charge  them  in  their  strongly  fortified  position,  which 
they  did  most  gallantly,  inflicting  a  most  disastrous  defeat  upon  them,  driving 
them  in  utter  confusion  from  their  breastworks,  killing,  wounding,  and  captnring 
many.  "While  our  triumph  was  complete  it  was  dearly  bought,  some  of  our  best 
officers  and  men  being  killed.  The  loss  of  no  one  of  our  brigade,  perhaps  during 
the  whole  war,  was  more  deplored  than  the  death  of  Lieut.  Waddy,  of  MeCaul's 
company,  and  Major  F.  C.  Barber,  of  the  Third  Tennessee.  Xo  truer  men  or 
more  gallant  and  faithful  officers  ever  lived  than  these  two. 

2Sight  coming  on  ended  the  first  day's  lighting  at  Resaca.  During  the  night 
some  changes  were  made  in  the  position  of  the  troops  of  our  brigade,  moving 
about  half  a  mile  to  the  left,  where  before  daylight  we  built  pretty  strong  ride- 
pits,  which  proved  of  great  service;  for  with  the  coming  of  daylight  we  moved 
out  in  front  of  our  line  about  seventy-five  yards  to  support  a  battery  of  four  guns 
which  had  been  placed  there  during  the  night.  These  guns  were  posted  on  the 
point  of  a  hill  which  broke  off  abruptly  into  a  deep  hollow,  and  overlooked  the 
country  for  quite  a  distance.  From  this  point  skirmishers  Avere  sent  forward,  and 
soon  encountered  the  enemy,  who  had  massed  an  immense  force  in  our  front. 
This  brought  on  the  right.  The  enemy  charged  up  the  hill  upon  our  guns,  but 
on  account  of  the  steepness  of  the  hill  we  were  powerless  to  inflict  any  damage 
on  them,  and  after  a  most  desperate  struggle  the  guns  were  abandoned  and  we 
forced  to  retire  to  our  rifle-pits  badly  cut  up.  The  enemy  halted  at  the  brow  of 
the  hill,  which  afforded  them  perfect  shelter  from  our  bullets.  This  battery  hap- 
pened to  be  directly  in  front  of  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  Regiment,  the  guns 
being  in  plain  view  and  within  easy  range  of  our  rides;  so  neither  Federals  nor 
Confederates  could  gain  possession  of  them.  They  were  evidently  a  much  coveted 
prize  to  the  former;  for  it  was  soon  apparent  that  they  were  determined  to  take 
possession  of  them,  and  the  latter  were  quite  as  much  determined  they  should  not. 
This  struggle  for  the  possession  of  the  guns  brought  about  a  real  "tug  of  war." 
The  situation  of  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  was  now  one  of  great  gravity  and 
imminent  peril;  for  the  enemy  knew  they  could  not  gain  the  battery  until  our 
rifles  were  silenced,  which  they  would  have  to  do  by  storming  our  position  and 
beating  us  by  brute  force.  AVe  heard  their  commands — "Forward!"' — and  like  a 
mighty  avalanche  they  came  in  thundering  charge  upon  us.  It  looked  as  if  it 
would  be  impossible  for  us  to  withstand  their  terrible  onslaught;  but  the  Thirty- 
second  was  never  in  better  fighting  mood,  so  we  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  our 
assailants  fall  back  and  seek  the  protection  of  the  lull  again,  leaving  many  of 
their  number  dead  in  plain  view  of  us.  However,  in  less  than  twenty-live  min- 
utes they  marie  another  and  more  desperate  effort  to  dislodge  us,  this  time  charg- 
ing to  within  six  or  seven  paces  of  us,  seeming  to  wish  to  make  a  hand-to-hand 


480  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


affair  of  it;  hut  again  we  drove  them  lack  with  fearful  slaughter.  Frequent  other 
assault  were  made  during  the  day,  but  none  so  determined  as  the  first  two,  and 
each  one  brought  heavy  loss  to  them:  for  we  eagerly  sought  every  opportunity 
for  dealing  them  a  blow.  Night  closed  the  second  day's  battle  of  Kesaca.  About 
10  o'clock  we  quietly  withdrew  from  this  most  perilous  position,  Gen.  Johnston 
abandoning  this  place  and  retreating  toward  Atlanta,  leaving  the  four  guns  the 
possession  of  which  had  cost  so  many  valuable  lives  and  which,  1  think,  were  the 
only  guns  lost  by  Gen.  Johnston  on  his  famous  Georgia  campaign. 

The  battle  of  Powder  Springs  Road  was  fought  on  June  2'2,  1S64.  Gen.  Hood's 
corps,  to  which  we  belonged,  marched  out  west  of  Marietta,  Ga..  six  or  >v\>:x\ 
miles,  and  took  position  in  front  of  the  enemy,  whom  we  found  strongly  fortifieJ. 
Our  cavalry,  which  had  been  watching  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  were  en- 
gaged when  we  arrived;  so  we  formed  in  line' of  battle  under  very  heavy  skirmish 
and  artillery  fire,  which  was  quite  annoving  to  us  and  inflicted  some  damage,  Col. 
Harvey  Walker,  commanding  the  Third  Tennessee,  with  several  others,  being 
killed  while  we  were  forming.  Our  Brigadier-general  (Brown)  was  in  command 
of  the  division,  and  Col.  Cook  was  in  command  of  Brown's  brigade.  Tins  de- 
volved the  command  of  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  on  Major  McGuire,  our  Lieu- 
tenant-colonel not  being  present.  A  strong  line  of  skirmishers  was  <eni  forward 
from  the  infantry  to  relieve  the  cavalry,  and  they  soon  succeeded  in  driving  in 
the  Federal  skirmishers  and  silencing  the  artillery  which  had  been  playing  upon 
us  with  so  much  effect.  This  afforded  opportunity  to  perfect  our  formation  and 
to  understand  Gen.  Hood's  plan  of  attack.  The  Thirty-second  Tennessee  was  the 
center  of  our  brigade,  and  Cummings's  brigade  of  Georgians  was  to  the  left  of  our 
brigade.  Skirmishing  was  still  heavy  in  our  front,  and  our  dead  and  wounded 
were  constantly  being  brought  back,  showing  with  what  desperation  the  enemy 
was  resisting.  The  order  to  load  and  prepare  for  action  was  given,  and  soon  came 
the  command,  " Forward!"  ami  in  a  few  minutes  we  were  in  the  midst  oi  one  of 
the  fiercest  battles  of  the  war.  We  pressed  our  enemy  steadily  hack,  amidst  a 
perfect  torrent  of  lead  and  iron,  but  our  shattered  ranks  still  urged  the  right. 
Coming  within  about  sixty  paces  of  strong  intrenchments.  behind  which  the  ene- 
my had  taken  refuge,  we  discovered  that  Cummings's  brigade  had  failed,  which 
left  the  enemy  that  Cummings  should  have  engaged  to  turn  their  guns  upon  us 
with  perfect  impunity.  At  tins  point  Mikt  McGuire  was  wounded  and  carried 
I  from  the  field.     What  to  do  in  our  present  condition  was  difficult  to  determine, 

for  our  loss  in  the  charge  had  been  immense.  To  pursue  the  attack  farther  would 
have  been  madness  to  retreat  impossible,  as  the  enemy's  artillery  from  our  right 
and  their  infantry  in  our  front  and  to  our  left  kept  up  an  ince--ant  and  most  gall- 
ing fire.  Fortunately  night  came,  and  the  firing  from  our  right  and  left  abated 
somewhat,  so  that  those  who  survived  withdrew  a  few  at  a  time.  More  than  half 
of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  Regiment  were  killed  or 
wounded  in  this  engagement.  Among  those  wounded  was  our  gallant  and  noble 
Col.  Ed.  G©ofc,  who  only  survived  a  few  days  after  being  shot.  Lieut. -col.  O'Neal 
being  absent  on  sick  leave  and  Major  Me'  ruire  wounded,  the  command  of  the  reg- 
iment devolved  on  Capt.  C.  G.  Tucker. 

Active  campaigning  was  continued  with,  unrelenting  vigor,  and  Gen.  Johnston 
was  forced  to  cros^  the  Chattahooehe  River  in  the  vicinity  of  Atlanta.  About  the 
middle  oi  July  he  was  relieved,  of  the  command  of  the  army  and  Gen.  Hood  ap- 

- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


481 


pointed  his  successor.  Lieut.-gen.  Stephen  D.  Lee  was  placed  in  command  of 
Hood's  corps.  On  the  evening  of  August  30th  we  were  given  marching  orders, 
and  soon  our  corps  (Lee's)  was  in  motion,  our  destination  being  Jonesboro,  Ga. 
Next  morning  we  found  that  our  enemy  had  again  preceded  us,  and  was  in  por- 
tion and  strongly  fortified.  Therefore  the  battle  of  Jonesboro  was  fought  with 
great  loss  to  us,  and  resulted  in  our  failure  to  drive  the  enemy  from  their  vantage- 
ground.  Among  die  killed  in  our  regiment  were  Adjutant  Maj.  Richard  A.  Irvine, 
Sergt.  Jas.  1*.  Campbell,  Sergt.  John  Van  Allsup,  and  Sergt.  Newt.  Alexander. 
The  loss  of  Major  Irvine  was  a  sad  blow  to  the  Thirty -second;  for  he  was  not  only 
a  gallant,  faithful,  amiable,  and  efficient  officer,  but  a  true  man,  and  a  real  ex- 
emplar for  the  believers  in  the  Lord  Jesus,  our  Christ.  Sergt.  Allsup's  loss  was 
also  very  deeply  regretted.  During  the  night  of  this  disastrous  day  our  corps 
withdrew  from  Jonesboro,  marched  in  the  direction  of  Atlanta,  and  afterward 
rested  near  Lovejoy's  Station.  At  this  period  (early  in  October)  Maj.  McGuire 
was  promoted  to  Colonel.  The  appointment  was  promptly  accepted,  and  he  was 
by  Gen.  Hood  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Thirty-second  Regiment. 

The  movement  into  Tennessee  was  next  made.  About  November  20th  our  corps 
was  marched  from  Florence,  Ala.,  and  the  campaigning  commenced  in  earnest. 
Notwithstanding  our  brigade  was  an  infantry  brigade,  we  reported  to  and  served 
with  Gen.  Forrest  on  nearly  the  whole  of  this  expedition.  We  marched  in  by 
way  of  Mount  Pleasant  and  Columbia,  Tenn.,  where  we  found  the  enemy  in  force. 
A  few  miles  west  of  Columbia  they  made  some  show  of  fight.  Gen.  Forrest  or- 
dered us  into  line  of  battle;  but  after  some  sharp  skirmishing  the  enemy  with- 
drew, under  cover  of  night,  to  and  beyond  Columbia.  Remaining  some  days  at 
Columbia,  we  learned  that  Cheatham's  and  Stewart's  corps  of  our  army  had  marched 
by  night  around  the  enemy's  flank  and  in  the  direction  of  Nashville,  leaving  only 
one  corps  confronting  the  enemy  at  Columbia.  We  kept  up  an  occasional  fire  the 
entire  day,  and  before  night,  under  cover  of  an  embankment,  crossed  men  over 
Duck  River  in  sufficient  force  to  drive  back  from  the  river  and  suburbs  of  the 
town  all  of  the  Federal  skirmishers  and  pickets.  Very  early  next  morning  Lee's 
corps  crossed  Duck  River,  and  marched  rapidly  in  the  direction  of  Franklin.  The 
march  was  urged  to  the  utmost  endurance  of  the  men,  and  long  before  night  we 
could  hear  the  roar  of  cannon,  which  told  of  a  terrible  conflict  going  on,  and  that 
our  presence  might  be  of  the  utmost  importance.  So  we  pressed  on  in  all  possible 
haste,  arriving  in  the  vicinity  of  Franklin  about  11  o'clock  at  night,  and  learned 
that  a  terrible  battle  had  been  fought  that  afternoon  and  was  still  going  on.  We 
were  at  once  formed  in  line  of  battle,  and  ordered  to  "lie  on  our  arms"  and  be 
ready  to  attack  at  dawn  next  morning.  Those  of  us  who  remained  awake  learned 
before  daylight  that  the  enemy  had  retreated  back  upon  Nashville,  but  not  until 
they  had  fought  us  in  one  of  the  most  desperate  struggles  of  the  war. 

Next  day  we  moved  on  in  the  direction  of  Nashville,  and  found  the  enemy  in 
great  force  and  strongly  fortified.  Placed  in  line  of  battle,  we  moved  forward  un- 
til we  met  the  enemy's  skirmishers.  Col.  McGuire  was  again,  as  usual,  put  in 
command  of  the  skirmish  line  covering  the  front  of  our  division,  and  was  ordered 
to  attack  and  drive  in  the  enemy's  line,  which  was  instantly  done.  We  reached 
Nashville  early  in  December,  and  after  remaining  in  front  of  that  city  several 
days  our  brigade  (Brown's)  was  again  ordered  to  report  to  Geix.  Forrest,  at  Mur- 
freesboro. 
31 


482 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Arrived  in  the  vicinity  of  Murfreeabop)*  we  ibiind  that  Gen.  Bate's  division  of 
infantry  had  preceded  us,  and  that  (ten.  Bate  was  in  command  of  the  infantry 
while  Gen.  Forrest  commanded  the  cavalry.  The  town  was  strongly  garrisoned, 
and  the  plan  was  to  draw  the  enemy  out  frum  their  iutrenchments,  and  give  battle 
in  the  open  field.  After  environing  the  place  for  a  day  or  two,  the  infantry  was 
'marched  to  the  west  and  south-west  of  the  town,  and  it  was  soon  manifest  that 
the  enemy  were  under  arms  and  in  motion.  We  expected  they  were.coming  out 
to  give  battle,  and  they  did.  Our  forces  were  soon  in  position  and  ready  for  the 
fray.  Col.  McGuire  on  this  occasion  was  given  command  of  the  right  wing  of 
Palmer's  brigade  (Brown's  old  brigade),  the  plan  of  battle  was  explained  to  him, 
and  he  was  told  he  would  be  held  responsible  for  the  protection  of  the  right  dank 
of  the  position.  Capt.  Tucker  was  assigned  command  ol*  the  Thirty-second  Regi- 
ment for  the  time  being.  Every  thing  was  now  ready,  and  the  enemy  were  in 
position  in  our  front.  We  moved  forward  and  were  ordered  to  charge,  and  did  so, 
driving  the  Federals  before  us.  Our  losses  in  killed  and  wounded  were  severely 
felt;  yet  the  men,  seeing  the  confusion  and  retreat  of  the  enemy,  were  very  en- 
thusiastic, and  all  felt  that  another  glorious  victory  had  been  achieved,  when  to 
our  utter  astonishment  it  was  discovered  that  we  were  enfiladed  from  our  left. 
Col.  McGuire' s  attention  was  called  to  this,  and  he  found  that  the  entire  line  of 
the  Confederates,  including  the  Carolina  wing  of  Palmer's  brigade,  had  withdrawn 
from  the  fight,  and  that  only  Brown's  old  brigade  was  engaged.  How  long  this 
state  of  affairs  had  existed  was  not  known,  but  enough  time  had  elapsed  for  us 
to  have  fought  over  all  the  space  intervening  between  the  two  opposing  lines. 
and  past  the  position  held  by  the  enemy,  before  we  received  their  enfilading  fire. 
To  pursue  the  fight  here  would  have  been  reckless,  so  we  too  retired.   ■ 

After  this  the  army  retreated  from  Tennessee,  went  to  .South  Carolina,  where 
Lee's  corps  fought  Sherman  from  Branchville,  S.  C,  to  Charlotte,  X.  C.  The  last 
battle  fought  by  the  Thirty -second  Tennessee  Regiment  was  at  Bentonvilie,  X.  C, 
March  14,  186-5,  and  was  one  in  which  the  Thirty-second  and  the  old  brigade  dis- 
tinguished themselves.  The  regiment  now  being  very  small,  the  old  brigade  was 
temporarily  consolidated,  and  fought  as  one  regiment  under  the  command  of  Col. 
Andrew  Searcy.  The  contest  was  short  but  sharp,  and  resulted  disastrously  to 
the  Federals,  who  were  repulsed  with  heavy  loss  in  killed  and  wounded. 

Early  in  April  the  army  was  put  in  motion  again,  and  although  reduced  to  a 
mere  skeleton,  so  to  speak,  such  was  the  confidence  of  the  men  in  Gen.  Jos.  E. 
Johnston  that  the  condition  of  the  various  commands  under  him  seemed  never 
to  have  been  better  for  effective  service;  but  it  had  fought  at  Bentonvilie  its  last 
fight,  and  the  Thirty-second  Tennessee  Regiment  had  achieved  its  last  and  most 
complete  success. 

Official.']     Field  and  Staff,  Thirty-second  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  Edmund  C.  Cook:  Lieutenant-colonel,  William  P.  Moore:  Major,  Wfti.  J.  Brown- 
low;  Adjutant,  Calvin  Jones ;  Quartermaster,  John  T-Shapard;  Commissary, Shields  vVilson; 
Surgeon,  James  F.  Grant;  Assistant  Burgeon,  IT.  Lee  Ouster;  Chaplain,  James  S.  Fiuiey. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Calaway  G.  Tucker. 
Wright,  James  M.,  k.  at  GWciasmauga.  J  Harper,  James  M„  k.  at  Baaaea,  Ga. 

Harrison,  Geo.  T..  k.  at  Fort  Donelsoa.  '  Pigg,  Samuel  R..  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


483 


Harper,  Alfred  W„  d.  Nov.  3, 1862. 
Finley,  John  C,  d.  Aug.  7,  1863. 
Murdock,  Wm.  N.,  d.  Oct.  25, 1S63. 


Gunter,  Thomas  J,,  d.  Nov.,  1S63. 
Barnes,  James  P.,  k.  in  battle. 
Ruth,  James  A.,  k.  in  battle. 


COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  John  31.  Winstead. 
Marks,  Charles  E.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  i  3Xn.yGeld,  Wm.  J.,  k.  in  battle. 

Odineal,  A.  D.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  Bunch.  James  T.,  k.  in  battle. 

Arrowsmith,  Wm.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  May  field,  Thomas  J.,  k.  in  battle. 

Reasouer,  Wm.  S.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  Cooper,  Jefferson,  d.  Nov.  20,  1861. 

Arrowsmith,  JohD,  k.  in  battle.  Remro,  William,  d.  Feb.  20, 1862. 

Dismukes,  31.  B.,  k.  in  battle.  Harwell,  Andrew  J.,  d.  Sept.,  1S63. 


Capti 
Johnson,  James  A.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Watson,  C.  Y.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Jackson.  W.  H.,  k.  in  battle. 
Crabb,  Joseph,  k.  in  battle. 
Hamilton,  G.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Johnston,  Thomas  F.,  d.  at  Carnp  Trou 
Dickey,  James  H„  d.  March  8,  1862. 
Flippo,  Joseph  31.,  d.  April  9,  1862. 
Johnson,  Joseph  W.,  d.  April  2,  1S62. 
Jones  Isaac  T.,  d.  Feb.  2.  1862. 
Johnson,  Wm.,  k.,  d.  31arch  29,1862. 


COMPANY  C. 

tin,  Wm.  P.  Moore. 

j  Lumpkins,  Lewis  F.,  d.  April  14,  1862. 
Norwood,  Charles  N.  E.,  d.  Nov.  23,  1862. 
Raper,  Thomas  E.,  d.  March  15, 1862. 
Scott,  James  B.,  d.  Aug.  2.5,  1862. 
Sparkmau,  Joseph  A.,  d.  Feb.  11,1862. 
sdale.     Springer,  James  31.,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 
Tidwell,  Silas,  d.  31arch8,  1862. 
Bashain,  Eli  H.,  d.  3Iarch  6,  1S62. 
Sparkman,  W.  C,  d.  Oct.  IT.  1S63. 
Shores,  James  N.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1864. 
Burns,  W.  W.,  d.  April  20.  1864. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Jacob  H.  Morton. 


Wilson,  William,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Chapman,  T.  F.,  k.  whilst  carrying  the  colors, 

June  22,  1864. 
Leath,  Z.  H-,  k.  June  22,  1S64. 
Peach,  J.  31.,  d.  May  13,  1S64. 
Byers,  Robert  A.,  d.  3Iarch  21,  1862. 
Carson,  Joseph  B.,  d.  Sept.  IS,  1862. 


Dotson,  Prisley  P.,  d.  April  6, 1862. 
Johnson,  Napoleon  B.,  d.  March  1,  1852. 
Peach,  Charles  N.,  d.  March  9,  1862. 
Sweet.  James  H.,  d.  3Iarch  10,  1362. 
York,  Wm.  H.,  d.  March  31,  1863. 
Leath,  J.  W.,  d.  Sept.  13, 1863. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Jacob  31.  Bass. 


Butler,  Wm.  R-  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Smith,  Hugh  A.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Glenn,  George  B.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Wilson,  Thomas  EL,  k.  iu  battle. 
3IcNeeley,  Wm.  G.,  k.  in  battle. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Joseph  Young. 
Webb,  Louis  S.,  k.  in  battle.  j  Shands,  James  H.,  d.  Dec.  7, 1861. 

Willford.  Archibald  S.,  k.  in  battle.  Nevels,  Abner  G.,  d.  April  4.  1S63. 

Randolph,  Napoleon  C,  k.  in  battle, 
Nevels,  Roderick  31.,  k.  in  battle. 
Doss,  John  Hn  k.  in  battle. 
Randolph,  Carson  P.,  k.  in  battle. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  Fountain  P.  Wade. 


Cline,  G.  B.,  d.  Aug.  25,1863. 
Hurney,  Arelius  L.,  d.  Dec.  25, 1861. 
Vanhoozer,  Sampson,  d.  Oct.  21,  1863. 
Leatherwood,  Drury  31.  D.,  d.  Nov.  1,  1863. 


Cole,  Samuel,  d.  April  30,  1863. 
Coble,  Obadiah,  d.  June,  1863. 
Franklin,  Jesse,  d.  April  15,  1863. 


Long,  Sidney  E.,  k.  in  battle. 
Yarbrough,  Rufus  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Bat'mnie,  John  F-,  k.  in  battle. 
Breecheen,  Thomas  F.,  k.  in  battle. 
Jones,  Jame3  R.,  d.  April  20,  1S63. 


Harper,  Samuel  31.,  d.  July  10, 1863. 
Jones,  Joseph  W.,  d.  Nov.  16,  1863. 
Yarbrough,  Carvey  C,  d.  Feb.  S,  1863. 
Endsley,  Wm.  M..  d.  Feb.  17,  1S63. 
Walter,  T.  31.,  d.  3Iarch,  1864. 


484 


Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


Hazelett,  J.  B.,  d.  July  20,  1SG4. 
Yarbrough.,  Thomas,  d.  May  27,  1864. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Thoma3  Hannah 


|  Wade,  Capt.  Fountain  P.,  -J.  Nov.  21,  1862. 


Brady,  Wm.  D.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Johnson,  Wiley  L.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Cos,  James,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Gatlin,  David  J.,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Randolph.  S.  S.,  k.  June  22.  186*. 
Hopson,  S.  J.,  k.  June  22,  18G4. 
Griffin,  Isaac  G.,  d.  Dec.  15.  1861. 


Anthony  James  C,  d.  Dec.  15, 1861. 
Appleton,  Thomas  J.,  d.  Dec.  11,  1SG1. 
Pierce,  Wm.  J.,  d.  Dec.  16, 1861. 
Hogan.  John  W.,  d.  June  20,  1S63. 
Bass,  Jesse*  d.  May  6,  1*63. 
Jones,  John  L.,  d.  Oct.  6, 1S63. 
Kumbrough,  John  J.,  d.  Sept.  14,  1863. 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  A:  Summers. 


Harrison,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Moseley,  W.  T.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Cunningham,  John  \V.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Summers,  Abner,  k.  on  picket. 
Hopper,  E.  G.,  k.  on  picket. 
Collins,  Asher  G.,  k.  on  picket. 
Dorris,  John  3.,  k.  in  battle. 
Roden,  J.  B..  k.  in  battle. 


j  Braden,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 

i  Brashier,  J.  N.,  k.  in  battle. 

:  Bryan,  Jesse  L.,  k.  July  25,  LS63. 

I  Bowlio.  Thomas  G.,  k.  April  26, 1863. 

j  Brasier,  W.  M.,  k.  Oct.  17,1863. 

j  Campbell,  John,  k.  Oct,  12,  1863. 

i  Shires,  W.  C,  k.  Oet.  14,  13C3. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  John  D.  Clarke. 


Sansom,  William,  d.  March  15,  1862. 
Conn,  Robt.  D.,  d.  June  16,  1863. 
Wilcox,  Kendriek,  d.  April  2,  1863. 
Hays,  William,  d.  March  16,  18G2. 
Elkins,  Wm.  P.,  d.  March  20,  1862. 
Bennett,  James  H.,  d.  Dec.  16, 1861. 


Ikord.  Capt.  Elijah  H.,  d.  April  20,  186 
Norton,  James  O.,  u.  March  4, 1862. 
Reed,  John,  d.  Nov.  23,  1*64. 
Dosseti,  George,  d. 
Parton,  Geo.  W.,  d.  Dec.  4,  1862. 
Churchman,  John  R.,  d.  Dee.  16,  1861. 


THIRTY-THIRD  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  Alex.  W.  Campbell,  Jackson,  Tenn. 

This  regiment  was  organized  Oct.  18,  1361,  near  Union  City,  Tenn.,  by  Lieut.- 
col.  W.  M.  Cason — acting  under  orders  from  Maj.-gen.  Leonidas  Polk — by  the 
election  of  Alex.  W.  Campbell,  Colonel;  W.  P.  Jones,  Lieutenant-colonel;  and 
H.  C.  McNeill,  Major. 

The  archives  of  the  first  and  second  year's  operations  of  the  regiment  were  lost 
in  1863,  and  the  only  sources  of  information  now  accessible  to  the  writer  are  frag- 
mentary memoranda  and  the  recollection  of  its  surviving  members  widely  scat- 
tered throughout  the  South  and  South-west. 

At  the  time  of  the  organization  the  following  constituted  the  officers  of  the  reg- 
iment. Field  and  staff':  Colonel.  Alex.  W.  Campbell;  Lieutenant-colonel,  W.  P. 
Jones;*  Major,  H.  C.  McNeill;*  Adjutant,  J.  C.  Harris;*  Surgeon,  Dr.  J.  M. 
Alexander;!  Assistant  Surgeon,  Dr.  John  Baxter ;f  Quartermaster,  William  E. 
Caldwell;*  Commissary,  James  Wilson.*  The  respective  companies  were  offi- 
cered as  follows: 

Co.  A:  Captain,  A.  S.  Howard:  First  Lieutenant,  H.  W.  Hickman;  Second 
Lieutenant,  Benjamin  Gray;j  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  A.  E.  Calheun.i 

♦Killed  in  ba:tle.     |  Died  since  the  war.     *  K;I!ed  and  died  in  service. 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


485 


Co.  B:  Captain,  Thomas  Saey;  First  Lieutenant,  W,  B.  Manly;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, Thomas  G.  Bond;  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  L.  M.  Johnson. 

Co.  C:  Captain W.  F.  M::rberry;  First  Lieutenant,  James  Lynch;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, B.  A.  Johns;  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant, Lassiter, 

Co.  D:  Captain,  W.  H.  Frost;  First  Lieutenant,  James  R.  Scott;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, P.  J.  Ctimmings;  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  R.  N.  Payne. 

Co.  E:  Captain,  Dick  Huteherson;  First  Lieutenant,  II.  C.  MeNeai;*  Second 
Lieutenant,  Frank  Brooks;  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  "Walker. 

Co.  F:  Captain,  John  Bedford;  First  Lieutenant,  William  Youree;  Second 
Lieutenant,  William  Morris;  Third  Lieutenant,  W.  B.  Jones. 

Co.  G:  Captain,  Warner  P.  Jones;*  First  Lieutenant,  J.  F.  Carpenter;  Second 
Lieutenant,  B.  M.  Smith ;  *  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  E.  It.  Morrand. 

Co.  II:  Captain.  W,  II.  McWhJrter;  *  First  Lieutenant,  Samuel  Ridge  way; 
Second  Lieutenant.  Ki Hebrew;  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant, Brand. 

Co.  I:  Captain,  James  Wilson:  First  Lieutenant,  W.  E.  Caldwell;*  Second 
Lieutenant,  William  Jackson;*  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  Thomas  Stovall.* 

Co.  K:  Captain,  James  Bradford;*  First  Lieutenant,  W.  M.  Huteherson;  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant,  S.  Cochran.* 

Of  the  ten  companies  composing  the  regiment  six  were  from  Obion,  to  wit, 
companies  A,  D,  F.  G,  I,  and  K;  two  from  Weakley — companies  E  and  H;  one 
from  Madison — Company  B;  and  one  from  Calloway  county,  Ky. — Company  C. 

The  regiment  remained  in  camp  of  instruction  near  Union  City  until  January, 
1862,  when  it  moved  to  Columbus,  Ky.  While  in  camp  of  instruction  it  had  un- 
usual facilities  for  instruction  in  tactics  and  drill,  except  in  the  manual  of  arms, 
which  at  that  time  were  almost  unobtainable.  Previous  to  the  move  to  Colum- 
bus, only  a  few-  companies  were  partially  armed,  mostly  Avith  shotguns  and  hunt- 
ing rifles.  There  a  few  more  arms  'were  obtained.  But  the  arming  of  the  entire 
regiment  was  not  completed  until  a  few  weeks  before  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  when 
we  obtained  some  flint  and  steel  muskets  as  a  loan. 

After  arriving  at  Columbus  the  regiment  went  into  winter-quarters,  and  while 
there  was  employed  as  industriously  a--  possible  in  perfecting  its  drill  in  the  manual 
of  arms,  by  appointing  different  drill  hours  so  that  several  men  might  use  the  same 
gun.  The  difficulties  under  which  they  labored  in  preparing  for  service  seemed 
to  excite  the  officers  and  men  to  increased  diligence,  and  before  the  Thirty-third 
left  Columbus  it  was  one  of  the  best  drilled  regiments  in  the  division. 

The  regiment  received  its  baptism  of  blood  on  the  sanguinary  field  of  Shiloh. 
It  belonged  to  Brig.-gen.  A.  P.  Stewart's  brigade,  of  Brig.-gen.  Clark's  division, 
Maj.-gen.  Leonidas  Polk's  corps.  There  was  one  part  of  the  operations  of  the 
battle  of  Shiloh  in  which  some  of  the  historians  have  made  a  slight  mistake, 
and  in  justice  to  the  Fifth  Tenuessee,  commanded  by  Lieut.-col.  C.  D.  Venable, 
and  the  Thirty-third  Regiment,  it  should  be  corrected.  It  will  be  remembered 
that  Polk's  corps — with  the  exception  of  one  brigade— was  held  in  reserve  in  the 
opening  of  the  engagement,  supporting  Bragg  and  Hardee,  and  did  not  engage 
the  enemy  until  the  battle  had  progressed  for  more  than  an  hour.  It  will  also  be 
remembered  that  the  most  stubborn  resistance  made  by  the  enemy  was  upon  that 
part  of  his  line  occupied  by  Prentiss's  brigade.  Several  unsuccessful  attempts  had 
been  made  to  carry  it,  until  eventually  Russell's  brigade,  of  Cheatham's  division, 

Killed  and  die']  in  service. 


486  Military  Aunalb  of  Tennessee. 

_ 

succeeded  in  driving  back  the  line  on  Prentiss's  right,  and  was  threatening  his 
flank.  His  front  for  a  considerable  distance  was  protected  by  large  timber,  which 
had  been  felled  in  front  of  his  camp,  and  piled  up,  apparently  to  clear  the  space 
for  dress-parade  ground.  The  Confederate  force  in  his  front  was  carrying  on  a 
desultory  skirmishing  from  a  depression  in  the  ground  nearly  parallel  with  the 
line,  when  the  Fifth  and  Thirty-third  regiments  moved  up  to  their  support. 
Although  in  rear  of  the  line  these  regiments  were  supporting,  their  position,  ow- 
ing to  the  topography  of  the  ground,  was  very  much  more  exposed.  For  some 
time  they  remained  stationary,  receiving  a  galling  (ire  which  they  could  not  return 
without  firing  over  their  friends  in  front,  except  about  the  length  of  a  company 
on  the  right  of  the  Thirty-third.  Many  of  the  brave  men  and  officers  of  the  two 
regiments  fell  killed  and  wounded  without  having  fired  a  gun.  It  became  obvi- 
ous that  these  regiments  must  either  fall  back  or  advance.  The  Colonel  of  the 
Thirty-third,  being  temporarily  in  command  of  both  regiments,  determined  to  ad- 
vance.    Let  Gen.  Polk's  report  of  the  battle  tell  what  followed: 

"These  three  brigades,  with  occasionally  a  regiment  of  some  other  corps  which 
became  detached,  were  fully  employed  in  the  field  assigned  me.  They  fought  over 
the  same  ground  three  times,  as  the  fortunes  of  the  day  varied,  always  with  stead- 
iness (a  single  instance  only  excepted,  and  that  only  for  a  moment),  and  with  oc- 
casional instances  of  brilliant  courage.  Such  was  the  case  of  the  Thirty-third 
Regiment  Tennessee  Volunteers,  under  Col.  A.  W.  Campbell,  and  the  Fifth  Ten- 
nessee, under  Lieut. -col.  V enable,  both  for  the  moment  under  command  of  Col. 
Campbell.  Shortly  after  they  were  brought  forward  as  a  supporting  force  they 
found  themselves  ordered  to  support  two  regiments  of  the  line  before  them,  which 
were  lying  down  engaging  the  enemy  irregularly.  On  advancing  they  drew  the 
enemy's  fire  over  the  heads  of  the  regiments  in  their  front.  It  was  "of  so  fierce  a 
character  that  they  must  either  advance  or  fall  back.  Campbell  called  to  the  reg- 
iments before  him  to  charge.  This  they  declined  to  do.  He  then  gave  orders  to 
his  own  regiments  to  charge,  and  led  them  in  gallant  style  over  the  heads  of  the 
regiments  lying  in  advance  of  him,  sweeping  the  enemy  before  him,  and  putting 
them  completely  to  rout.  In  tins  charge  Col.  Campbell  was  severely  wounded, 
but  still  retained  his  command.'' 

Prentiss  upon  being  driven  back  found  that  Russell  had  got  upon  his  flank  and 
was  closing  in  on  him.  The  Confederate  cavalry  was  moving  to  his  rear.  The 
Fifth  and  Thirty-third  Tennessee  pressing  him  in  front,  he  threw  up  a  white  flag 
and  surrendered  his  sword  to  Col.  Kussell. 

Some  of  the  historians  of  the  battle  give  the  credit  of  forcing  Prentiss  back  to 
the  position  where  he  was  captured  to  the  commands  to  which  the  Fifth  and 
Thirty-third  were  a  supporting  force— a  very  natural  mistake  to  be  made  by  a 
person  not  an  eye-witness;  because  after  his  line  was  broken  both  commands 
pressed  as  close  after  him  as  the  nature  of  the  ground  would  admit. 

From  the  arms  captured  with  Prentiss  the  Thirty-third  selected  the  best  and 
latest  improved  guns  that  were  made,  and  left  their  old  flint-locks  in  place  of 
them.  As  soon  as  the  men  got  their  new  guns  and  tilled  their  cartridge-boxes  with 
suitable  ammunition,  the  regiment  was  pressed  on  to  the  front  in  the  direction  of 
the  Tennessee  Fliver.  After  reaching  the  river,  with  its  right  flank  near  the  bank, 
it  moved  down  the  river  in  the  direction  of  the  point  to  which  the  enemv  had 
been  driven,  and  approached  so  near  that  the  disordered  and  routed  condition  of 


Regimental  Histobies  and  Memorial  Kolls.        187 


his  ranks  was  plainly  visible.  Being  so  near  the  river-bank,  and  the  elevation  bo 
great,  the  gun-boats  were  unable  to  do  any  injury  other  than  cutting  off  the  tops 
and  branches  of  trees  overhead.     The  force  collected  around  Pittsburg  Landing 

seemed  so  thoroughly  demoralized  that  no  organized  resistance  was  lonij  male, 
except  a  few  pieces  of  field  artillery,  which  were  operated  chiefly  to  our  left  in 
the  direction  of  Breckinridge's  command,  a  portion  of  which  we  could  see  in 
motion  toward  them.  Seeing  Breckinridge's  troops  coming  np,  the  Thirty-third 
was  halted  until  they  could  advance  to  an  alignment  with  our  left.  While  thus 
waiting  an  order  was  received  through  a  staff  officer  to  fait  back.  Thinking  there 
must  be  some  mistake  about  the  order,  the  Colonel  of  the  regiment  rode  over  to 
Gen.  Breckinridge,  Who  was  in  sight,  and  informed  him  of  the  order  just  received 
and  asked  him  if  he  did  not  think  it  was  a  mistake.  His  reply  was,  "  It  is  clear- 
ly a  mistake,"  but  he  supposed  there  was  no  doubt  that  the  order  had  been  issued. 
as  he  had  received  it  also.  The  regiment  fell  back  about  half  a  mile,  wiien  orders 
were  received  to  halt  and  form  in  line  of  battle,  which  was  done,  and  we  remained 
there  until  after  daylight  next  morning,  receiving  a  desultory  tire  from  the  ene- 
my's gun-boats  during  the  night.  Out  of  something  less  than  five  hundred  men 
who  had  gone  into  action  in  the  morning,  nearly  two  hundred  had  been  killed  and 
wounded  during  the  day. 

The  next  morning  the  regiment  received  orders  to  move  to  the  left  and  take 
position  in  front  of  Kuggles's  brigade  as  skirmishers.  The  enemy  during  the 
night  crossed  the  river  with  a  strong  force  and  pressed  heavily  upon  our  left,  but 
were  kept  in  check  until  about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  when  we  were  ordered 
to  retire  from  the  field.  During  this  part  of  the  engagement  it  frequently  occurred 
that  for  hours  at  a  time  the  Thirty-third,  part  of  ths  Sixth,  and  Thirteenth 
Tennessee,  together  with  stragglers  from  other  commands  which  had  attached 
themselves  to  the  Thirty-third,  were  the  only  force  obstructing  the  ad%-ance  of  the 
enemy  on  that  part  of  the  field.  At  one  time  a  section  of  Smith's  battery  was 
brought  up,  and  the  Colonel  decided  upon  a  counter-charge,  but  the  guns  were 
handled  by  details  made  from  the  infantry  and  kept  in  alignment  with  the  regi- 
ment as  nearly  as  possible,  and  firing  from  time  to  time  as  we  advanced,  that  part 
of  the  enemy's  line  was  driven  back  for  near  a  quarter  of  a  mile.  This  was  the 
last  engagement  on  the  bloody  field  of  Shiloh. 

After  retiring  from  the  field  the  regiment  was  marched  back  to  Corinth,  and  was 
engaged  almost  constantly  in  the  affairs  and  skirmishes  which  occurred  at  that 
place  previous  to  its  evacuation. 

The  next  battle  in  which  the  regiment  engaged  was  at  Perryville.  It  will  be  re- 
membered that  in  the  disposition  which  was  made  of  our  army  on  the  night  be- 
fore the  battle  commenced,  Cheatham's  division,  to  which  the  Thirty-third  was 
then  attached,  occupied  the  extreme  left,  and  there  awaited  the  attack  of  the 
enemy.  About  noon  the  next  day,  having  shown  no  disposition  to  bring  on  an 
engagement,  it  was  ascertained  that  he  was  extending  his  left  beyond  our  risrht. 
Gen.  Polk  ordered  Cheatham's  division  to  move  in  rear  of  and  to  the  right  :" 
Hardee,  and  assume  tiie  offensive  as  soon  as  uncovered.  Soon  after  the  heal 
of  Cheatham's  column  had  passed  Hardee's  right,  it.  was  discovered  that  the  enemy 
had  occupied  a  high  hill  with  a  body  of  sharp-shooters,  and  were  attempting  to 
place  a  battery  on  that  height,  which  commanded  the  whole  of  that  part  of  the  field 
over  which  the  division  had  to  pass  to  get  into  position.     The  Thirty-third  was 


4SS  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ordered  to  advance  and  dislodge  the  enemy  and  hold  the  position  at  all  hazards 
until  the  movement  in  the  rear  was  completed.  Moving  to  the  front,  the  regiment 
succeeded  in  driving  the  force  buck  on  its  reserves,  which  occupied  the  interval  of 
a  creek  in  front  of  the  enemy's  lines,  and  held  the  heights  until  the  division  got 
into  position.  While  occupying  this  position  the  regiment  was  formed  just  behind 
the  crest  of  the  ridge  in  full  view  of  a  large  part  of  the  enemy's  lines,  which  were 
some  six  hundred  yards  distant.  The  concentrated  lire  of  his  artillery  was  kept 
on  us  until  we  moved  to  our  place  in  the  brigade,  when  the  advance  movement 
was  made.  Perhaps  in  the  annais  of  war  no  more  brilliant  feat  in  arms  was  ever 
performed  than  Cheatham's  brave  Tennesseans  achieved  that  October  afternoon. 
There  were  but  little  more  than  four  thousand  of  them.  They  attacked  Critten- 
den's entire  corps,  numbering  nearly  four  to.  one,  with  greatly  the  advantage  in 
position,  artillery,  and  length  of  line.  They  sustained  not  only  his  fire  from  the 
front,  but  part  of  the  time  a  galling  enfilade  on  the  flank.  The  attack  was  made 
in  two  lines.  The  attacking  force  for  some  distance  passed  through  open  fields 
and  meadows  at  carry  arms;  and  as  the  raking  shot  and  shell  made  great 
gaps  in  the  ranks,  with  scarcely  a  halt  they  were  closed  with  the  coolness  and  pre- 
cision of  the  drill-field.  Victory  in  Kentucky  meant  relief  to  overrun,  battle- 
scarred  Tennes.-ee,  and  protection  for  their  homes  and  their  household  gods.  On 
went  the  four  thousand  with  shout  and  yell,  breaking  and  crushing  four  of  the  ene- 
my's lines,  capturing  his  artillery,  driving  him  in  rout  and  disaster  from  the  field, 
when  night  put  an  end  to  the  conflict.  We  remained  on  the  field  we  had  con- 
quered until  between  one  and  two  o'clock  next  morning,  when  information  was 
received  that  another  force  of  the  enemy  as  large  as  our  own  was  moving  on  our 
right  and  threatening  our  rear.  We  then  moved  back  to  Harrodsburg.  and  from 
there  to  East  Tennessee.  During  this  movement  the  writer  was  assigned  to  an- 
other command,  and  was  never  afterward  in  immediate  command  of  the  regi- 
ment. 

Col.  W.  P.  Jones,  who  succeeded  to  the  command  of  the  regiment,  and  Col.  H. 
C.  McNeal,  who  succeeded  him,  were  both  killed  in  battle  in  the  memorable  cam- 
paign from  Dalton  to  Atlanta.  Col.  E.  X.  Payne;  who  succeeded  Col.  McNeal, 
commanded  the  regiment  at  the  surrender,  and  is  still  living. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  it  is  not  admissible  to  speak  more  in  detail  of  the  operations 

;  of  this  regiment  and  deeds  of  heroism  of  its  gallant  men  and  officers,  but  that 

would  be  to  Avrite  a  book;  for  it  may  be  truly  said  of  it,  as  of  all  that  immortal 

band  which  will  be  known  in  history  as  Cheatham's  Tennessee  division  when  the 

sands  of  time  shall  have  marked  the  centuries,  none  were  braver,  none  more 
I  >  ..... 

cheerful  in  the  discharge  of  duty,  nor  more  patriotic  in  their  devotion  to  the  cause 

they  had  espoused,  than  the  Thirty-third  Eegiment  of  Tennessee  Volunteers 


Official.']      Field  and  Staff,  Thirty-third  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonels:  W.  P.  Jones,  [Ales.  W.  Campbell];  Lieutenant-colonel,  H.  C.  McNeal;  Major,  R. 
N.Payne;  Surgeon,  J,  M.Alexander;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  S.  M.Wilson;  Adjutant,  Paul 
Jones. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  H.  W.  Hickman. 

Glover,  J.  M.,  k.  in  the  oatcle  of  Perrvvilie. 


Begimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


489 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Thomas  Lacey. 


Pace,  D.  A.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 
Baios,  J.  L.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 
Bailey,  A.  C,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 
Johnson,  L.  S.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Armstead,  J.  F.,  d.  Feb.  24,  1862. 
Butler,  Thomas  R.,  d.  Jan.,  186::!. 


Collins,  Jair.es,  d.  in  prison. 
Holton,  B.  F.,  d.  Nov.,  1863., 
Johns,  W.  R.,  d.  May.  1863. 
Jones,  Thomas  B.,  d.  May,  1S63. 
Moore,  Wm.  M.,  d.  May,  1863. 
Woodson,  J.  D.,  d.  during  service. 


Otulaud,  W.  C,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Underwood,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Osborn,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Perry  ville. 
Underwood,  Jonathan,  k.  at  Perryville. 
West,  W.  M.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Hodges,  Wm.  B.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Hodges,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Stralev,  George  W.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge 
Lassiter,  John  B.,  d.  Feb.  3,  1862. 
Stilley,  W.  M.,  d.  Feb.  11.  1862. 
Bucey,  E.  S.,  d.  Feb.  9, 1862. 
Bowl  in,  J.  S.,  d.  March  12,  1862. 
Bucey,  J.  L.,  d.  June  5,  1862. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  W.  F.  Miarberry. 

Hogan,  W.  T.,  d.  April  4, 1862. 
Jameson,  A.  P.,  d.  June  7,  1862. 
L^siter,  B.  F.  M,  d.  April  1. 1862. 
Munfee,  R.  S.,  d.  May  2S:  1862. 
Sander?,  Robert,  d.  June  5.  1862. 
Underwood,  Alfred,  d.  April  22,  1862. 
Underwood,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Waters,  R.  C,  d.  May  8,  1862. 
Stubbleneld,  R.  C,  d.  July  9,  1862. 
Stilley,  J.  C,  d.  July  15,  1862. 
Kirnbro,  W.  A.,  d.  at  Macon. 
Medro,  J.  M.,  d.  Nov.  1,  1862. 
Bucey,  Thomas  T.,  d.  Aug.  15,  1802. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  James  R.  Scott. 


Pursley,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Wilson,  N.  B.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Norrid,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Calhoun,  M.  A.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Fortman,  Frederick,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Gills,  J.  W..k.  at  Shiloh. 
Henderson,  R.  H.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Cloys,  R.  H.,  d.  Feb.  12,  1862. 
Caruthers,  M.  M.,  d.  May  15,  1S62. 
Duncan,  William,  d.  May  12,  1862. 
Felts,  George,  d.  May  3,  1862. 
Garrison,  A.  C,  d.  April  6,  1862. 


I s bee,  Paul,  d.  May  20,  1862. 
Loudon,  J.  P.,  d.  April  17,  1S62. 
Oliver,  E.  ST.,  d.  June  7,  1*862; 
Page,  S.B.,  d.  May  28, 1862. 
Stone,  W.  G.,  d.  Jan.  15,  1862. 
Sanders,  S.  W..  d.  Feb.  26,  1862. 
Caldwell,  D.  W.,  d.  Jan.  15,  1863. 
Park.  R.  M.,  d.  Nov.  20,  1862. 
Park,  M.  M.,  d.  Jan.  4,  1S63. 
White,  W.  F.,  d.  March  19,  1863. 
Fi3her,  Cage,  d.  April  15,  1862. 


Foster,  Alfred,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Hutchison,  W.  P.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro 
Brown,  B.,  k.  at  Shilch. 
Chappel,  W.  A,  d.  March  30.  1862. 
Hays,  W.  G.,  d.  April  22, 1862. 
Johnson,  J.  J.,  d.  May  10,  1862. 
Kiskendall,  A.  J.,  d.  April  24,  1862. 
Lane,  J.  T.,  d.  June,  1862. 
Monroe,  J.  C,  d.  April  21,  1862, 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  J.  W.  Walker. 

Norriel,  J.  W.,  d.  June  15. 1862. 
Newell,  Frank,  d.  June  30,  1862. 
Underwood,  J.  M.,  d.  April  20,  1862. 
Gammons,  J.  S.,  d.  Sept.  17. 1862. 
Lindsey,  R.  D.,  d.  Nov.,  1862. 
Parrid,  J.  M.,  d.  Nov.  7,  186-1 
Stovall,  J.  H.,  d.  Nov.  11,  1862. 
Sullivan,  John,  d.  Oct.,  1862. 
Waters,  L.,  d.  Nov.  4,  1862. 


Duncan,  J.  D.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Schuck,  J.  W„  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Wade,  Allen,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Shore,  J.  C,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Shore,  W.  L.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Calhoun,  R.  F.,  k.  in  a  skirmish. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  R.  F.  Morns. 

i  Parham,  G.  T.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Durfey,  H.  B.,  d.  July  4,  18C3. 
Toumhs,  J.  R.  J.,  d.  Oct.  12,  1862. 
Osborn,  J.  W.,  d. 
Clark,  Vv.  O,  d.  Nov.  24, 1862. 
|  Pickens,  B.  F.,  d.  May  18,  1862. 


490 


Keal,  R.  M.,  d. 
Joyce,  Wdi.,  d. 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee, 

I  Calhoun,  A.  J.,  d. 

I  Blassingamc,  D.  C,  d. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  B.  H.  Smith. 


Allison,  Samuel  J.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
King.  John,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Allen,  John.  k.  at  Perryville. 
Allison,  David  A.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Click,  John,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Davis,  James,  J.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Stanfield,  M.  L.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Sharpe,  John  M.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Reames,  Churchill,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Smith,  Capt.  B.  H.,  d.  Nov.  3,  1862. 
Asbury,  Samuel,  d. 


Bettisworth,  Chas.,  d.  Sept.,18G2. 
Anderson,  John  S.,  d.  June  10,1852. 
Grimes,  Heogry,  d. 
Fletcher,  Wm.  C,  d.  June  10,  18C2. 
King,  Charles  \\\,  d.  July  11,  1862. 
Wynne,  P.  M.,  d.  June  21,  1802. 
Edwards,  Geo.  W.,  d.  April  1,  1S62. 
Estridge,  John,  d.  April  22,  1862. 
Pounds.  Andrew  J.,  d.  March  15,  1862. 
Wann,  Lafayette,  d.  March  15,  1862. 


Hall,  W.  A.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 

MeWherter,  Capt.  W.  R.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Bright,  Tobias,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Bray,  F.  M.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Mazeli,  J.  L.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Roberts,  B.  F.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Long,  Osteen,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Barber,  E.  T.,  d.  April,  1862. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  T.  0.  Killgore. 

Howard,  W.  A.,  d.  May  7, 1862. 
Hicks,  Isaiah,  d.  May  7,  1802. 
Massey,  J.  H.,  d.  Aug.  5, 1862. 
Page,  W.  B„  d.  March  13, 1862. 
Roberts,  11.  S.,  d.  July  25,  1862. 
Weyhl,  Bushrod,  d.  April,  1362. 
Roberts,  J.  L.,  d. 


Wilson,  J.  C,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Autry,  W.  G  ,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Wiggins,  W.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Smith,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Tucker,  D.  N\,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Stovall,  T.  R.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Hayes,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Amis,  T.  J.,  d.  May  31,  1862. 
Bulin,  L.  fcl.,  d.  May  1,  1862. 


Miller,  John  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Husey,  Jesse,  d.  April  20, 1862 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  J.  M.  Wilson. 

Burress,  J.  M.,  d.  April  5,  1862. 
Guinn,  M.  B..  d.  June  in,  1862. 
Huckerly,  J.  P.,  d.  June  30,  1SG2. 
Martin,  J.  D.,  d.  May  10,  1S62. 
Rivers,  William,  d.  April  10, 1862. 
Streton,  W.  O.  d.  May  10.  1802. 
Wilson,  H.  A.,  d.  March  15,  1862. 
Crockett,  David,  d.  March  14,  1362. 
Williams,  E.  Si,  d.  at  Alton,  111. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  James  M.  Bradford. 

I  Smith,  M.  D.,  d.  April  6,  1862. 
'  Watterson,  W.,  d,  Aug.  20,  18C3. 


THIRTY-FOURTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY, 


Official.]  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  Wm.  M.  Churchill;  Lieutenant-colonel,  James  A.  McMurray;  Major,  Robert  N. 
Lewis;  Adjutant,  Henry  B.  Compton ;  Assistant  Surgeon,  James  M.  Outen ;  Quartermaster, 
Joseph  Davenport;  Commissary,  J.  H.Hartmas;  Chaplain,  S.  M.  Cherry. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  M.  Fitzpatriek. 

Fitzwilliams,  Thomas  B.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  j  Douohue,  Martin,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Murfrees- 

Chiekamauga.  boro. 

Bolton,  William,  d.  July  15, 1863.  !  Arrowwood.  S.  M.,  d.  April,  1863. 


.Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  .Rolls. 


£91 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  O.  H.  P.  Williams. 
Alford,  P.  H.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  |  Beard,  S.  C,  d. 

Manage,  Pic  hard,  d.  April  15, 1863. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Wtn.  H.  Burroughs. 


Burgess,  J.  S.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Shelcon,  D.  P.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Sparks,  Levi,  d.  Oct.  5,  1861. 
Tipton,  T.  J.,  d.  Feb.  28,  1862. 
Box,  Allen,  d.  April  12,  1862. 
Gideon,  W.,  d.  April  21,  1S02. 
Hamilton,  W,  A.,  d.  March  7,  1S62. 
MeNelly,  J.  H.,  d.  April  17,  1862. 
Story,  G.  W.,  d.  March  21, 1862. 


Ousley,  J.  T.,  d.  June  10,  1S62. 
Austin,  Johu.  d.  Dec.  5,  1862. 
Germon,  David,  d.  Dee*  C,  1862. 
Campbell,  R.  B.,  d.  April  6,  1863. 
|  Hamilton,  H.  H.,  d.  April  6,  1S63. 
Evuns,  Isaac,  d. 

Thompson,  C,  d.  March  5,  1803. 
Tipton,  S.  G.,  d.  Sept.  23,  1863. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  Philip  H.  Roberts. 


Turner,  James  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Payne,  Newton  J.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Floyd,  David,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Sutherland,  J.  C,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Smith,  W.  C.  d.  Jan.  20,  1863. 
"White,  Walter  W.   k.  ia  the  battle  of  Mission- 
ary Ridge. 


Gilliam,  B.  F.,  d. 

Farris,  Thomas,  d. 

Wall,  Daniel  C,  d. 

Rush,  Joseph  W.,  d. 

Kilgore,  Charles,  d.  Dec,  1S62. 

Gibbs,  William  T.,  d.  Sept.  20, 1861. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  E.  D.  Polk. 


Cunningham,  A.  T.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Davis,  J.  L.,  d.  Oct.  17,  1863. 
Winn,  A.  J.,  d.  April  6,  1863. 


Flake,  R.  L.,  d.  May  14, 1862. 
Wolf,  A.  J.,  d.J une  15,  1862. 
Thomas,  J.  M.,  d.  Aug.  10,  1S62. 


Graves,  J.  F.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Jackson,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Shasteen,  G.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Steagall,  W.  T.,  k.  in  battle. 
Shasteen,  T.  P.,  k.  in  battle. 
Shasteen,  A.  H.,  k.  in  battle. 
Parks,  W.  H.,  d.  Sept.  21,  1S63. 
Muse,  D.  P.,  d.  Sept.,  1S63. 
Farrar,  H.  C,  d.  Sept.  27,  1863. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  G.  W.  Byron. 

Brown,  M.  J.  S.,  d. 
Bean,  J.  W,  d. 
Davis,  Marshall,  d. 
Pollock,  J.  3.,  d.  March  18,  1863. 
Shasteen,  A.  W.,  d.  March  22,  1863. 
Garner,  F.  A.,  d.  Nov.  6,  1862. 
P:irks,  C.  L.,  d.  May  .4,  1S62. 
Brandon,  W.  A.,  d.  Sept.  9,  1862. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  Campbell  Brown. 
Manns,  Nathan,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  j  Halt,  Thomas,  d. 

Dorsey,  Daniel,  d.  Aug.  15,  1862.  j  Sane,  G.  M.,  d.  Jan.  30,  1862. 

Rogers,  Wm.  A.,  d.  Sept.  1,  1862.  j  Eply,  Jesse,  d.  June  25,  1862 

Lowry,  Samuel,  d.  Aug.  31,  1862.  j 


Bane,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Knight,  T.  Y,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Mullen,  W.,  k.  in  battle. 


Eilems,  G.  W..  d.  during  service. 
Lax,  Richard,  d.  during  service. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Joseph  Bostick. 

Wise,  T.  L.,  k.  in  battle. 
Blakely,  John,  d.  Jan.  17, 1863. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  H.  Dicus. 

|  Miller,  Daniel,  d.  during  service, 
j  Yinyard,  T.B.,  d.  April  9, 1863. 


492 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Phillips,  Reuben,  d.  April  22,  1363. 
Pearson,  William,  d.  Jan.  27.  1*63. 
Montgomery,  Davis,  d.  April  7,  lStjC 


Waller,  Goorge,  d.  Aug,  21,  1865 
Sanders,  S.  L.,  d.  Aug.  6,  1862. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captaiu,  James  E.  Martin. 


THIRTY-FIFTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  Tho3.  A.  Head,  McMinnville,  Tenn. 

The  Fifth  Regiment  Tennessee  Volunteers  was  subsequently  known  as  the 
Thirty-fifth  Regiment,  and  was  composed  of  volunteer  companies  from  the  coun- 
ties of  Warren,  Cannon,  Grundy.  Sequatchie,  Bledsoe,  and  Van  Buren — viz.: 
Go.  A,  from  Grundy  county,  Captain  Hannah;  Co.  B,  from  Warren  county,  Cap- 
tain John  W.  Towles;  Co.  C,  from  Warren  county,  Captain  Charles  M.  Forrest; 
Co.  D,  from  Warren  county,  Captain  W.  T.  Christian;  Co.  E,  from  Van  Buren 
coxnty,  Captain  W.  Rurriel  Cummings;  Co.  F,  from  Warren  county,  Captain  Fd. 
J.  Wood;  Co.  G,  from  Cannon  county,  Captain  James  H.  Woods;  Co.  H,  from 
Warren  county,  Captain  John  Macon;  Co.  I,  from  Bledsoe  county,  Captain  L.  L. 
Dearman;  Co.  K,  from  Sequatchie  county,  Captain  W.  D.  Stewart.  The  com- 
panies were,  organized  into  a  regiment  at  Camp  Smartt,  near  McMinnville,  Tenn., 
on  the  6th  day  of  September,  1861,  by  the  election  of  Benj.  J.  Hill  Colonel. 

The  field  and  staff  of  the  regiment  were  as  follows:  Benj.  J.  Hill,  Colonel; 
John  L.  Spurlock,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Joseph  Brown,  Major;  Dr.  W.  C.  Barns, 
Surgeon;  Dr.  J.  W.  Woolen  and  Dr.  J.  M.  Bell,  Assistant  Surgeons;  Captain  0. 
F.  Brewster,  Quartermaster;  Rev.  David  P.  Ritchey,  Chaplain. 

The  regiment,  after  organizing,  remained  in  camp  of  instruction  at  Camp 
Smartt  for  three  weeks,  when  it  was  sent  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  and  placed  in 
Brig.-gen.  P.  R.  Cleburne's  brigade  of  Gen.  Albert  Sidney  Johnston's  army.  Re- 
maining at  Bowling  Green  until  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson,  it  accompanied  its 
brigade  in  the  evacuation  of  Tennessee,  and  participated  in  the  great  battle  of 
Shiloh,  on  the  6th  and  7th  of  April,  1S62. 

Col.  B.  J.  Hill,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war,  espoused  the  cause  of  his 
Southern  brethren,  and  enlisted  in  the  Fifth  (afterward  the  Thirty -fifth1)  Regi- 
ment Tennessee  Volunteers  in  September,  1861,  and  was  chosen  its  commander  by 
the  unanimous  voice  of  its  members.  His  regiment  acted  a  distinguished  part  in 
the  various  battles  of  the  Western  Army,  beginning  at  Shiloh.  In  this  battle  Col. 
Hill  led  his  regiment  in  the  thickest  of  the  fight,  and  for  his  gallantry  and  the 
gallantry  of  his  regiment  he  was  mentioned  in  honorable  and  commendatory 
terms  by  Gen.  Cleburne,  whose  high  appreciation  and  firm  friendship  seemed  to 
have  their  origin  on  this  occasion,  and  ever  afterward  Col.  Hill  was  a  favorite  of 
his  brigade  commanders. 

In  the  battle  of  Shiloh  the  Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment  carried  into  the  engage- 
ment an  effective  total  of  three  hundred  and  nine  guns.  The  regimeut  su tiered 
severely  in  the  engagements  of  each  day.  The  brigade  to  which  the  regiment  be- 
longed (Cleburne's)  numbered  two  thousand  seven  hundred  and  fifty  men,  out  of 
which  one  thousand  were  killed  and  wounded,  and  thirty-two  were  missing.  The 
Fifth  Tennessee  captured  about  one  hundred  prisoners  during  the  two  days  en- 
gagement. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         493 

The  following  is  the  official  report  of  Col.  Hill  of  the  part  the  Fifth  Regiment 
Tennessee  Volunteers  bore  in  this  battle: 

"Heao-quakteks  Fifth  Tekksssee  Regiment,  Provision  ae  Army, 
"Camp  near  Corinth,  Miss.,  April  15,  1S62. 

"Sir:  In  compliance  with  your  request,  I  have  the  honor  to  make  the  following 
report,  showing  the  positions  occupied  by  my  command  during  the  eventful 
scenes  of  the  Gth  and  7th  instant,  at  Shiloh,  in  Hardin  county,  Tennessee. 

"*My  regiment  was  detailed  to  do  picket  duty  on  Saturday  night  (5th  I,  and  was 
thrown  out  within  three  or  four  miles  of  the  enemy's  encampment.  At  daylight 
Sunday  morning  we  were  ordered  to  advance,  with  the  remainder  of  your  brigade, 
the  Sixth  Mississippi  (Col.  Thornton)  on  my  right,  and  the  Twenty-fourth  Ten- 
nessee (Lieut .-col.  Peebles)  on  my  left.  We  advanced  some  three  miles,  when  our 
pickets  commenced  a  sharp  and  lively  skirmish.  We  continued  to  advance,  and 
drove  them  before  us  to  within  rive  hundred  yards  of  the  Federal  encampment. 
They  opened  a  terrible  lire  upon  our  columns.  A  deep  ravine,  full  of  green 
briers  and  grape-vines,  separated  us  from  Col.  Thornton's  regiment.  My  right 
was  exposed  to  a  severe  flank  fire  from  a  battery  and  from  musketry  and  other 
small  arms.  We  were  at  the  foot  of  a  long  hill,  upon  which  the  enemy  were 
hidden.  Captain  Hannah,  of  Co.  A,  and  several  others  were  killed  at  this  place,  and 
many  wounded.  The  Fifteenth  Arkansas  (Lieut.-col.  Patton)  was  in  advance  of 
us,  and  deployed  as  skirmishers,  but  was  soon  called  in  to  sustain  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Tennessee,  on  the  left,  which  it  performed  gallantly  and  promptly.  The 
fixing  was  constant  and  continuous  for  half  or  three-quo rters  of  an  hour,  when  one 
of  the  aids  of  Gen.  Beauregard  came  to  me  and  said  that  the  battery  on  the 
right  must  be  charged  and  silenced  at  all  hazards.  I  gave  the  word,  and  my  brave 
boys  promptly  responded  to  it.  We  charged,  dispersed  the  enemy,  and  silenced 
the  battery.  As  the  enemy  retreated  ray  marksmen  had  better  opportunity  for 
trying  their  skill,  and  well  did  they  improve  it,  as  was  proved  by  the  number  of 
the  enemy  who  there  fell.  We  continued  on  at  double-quick  for  nearly  a  mile, 
crossing  their  first  encampment,  and  formed  line  of  battle  at  the  foot  of  the  next 
hill. 

"At  this  time  the  Twenty-third  Tennessee  (Lieut.-col.  Neill )  and  the  Sixth  Mis- 
sissippi (Colonel  Thornton),  constituting  the  right  wing  of  your  brigade,  getting 
separated,  you  had  to  go  to  their  aid.  I  as  senior  Colonel  was  then  directed  by 
one  of  Gen.  Beauregard's  staff  to  take  command  of  all  the  troops  on  my  left,  which 
I  did,  and  formed  them  in  line  of  battle  to  keep  back  their  right  wing.  Thus, 
with  two  Louisiana  regiments  on  the  left  of  your  brigade,  the  Texas  Bangers  en 
the  extreme  left  on  Owl  Creek,  a  battery  in  our  rear,  the  Louisiana  cavalry  as 
pickets,  and  the  Fifteenth  Arkansas  (Lieut.-col.  Patton)  as  skirmishers,  we  ad- 
vanced at  once,  driving  the  extreme  right  of  the-  enemy  for  at  least  a  mile  before 
us.  They  halted  at  their  third  encampment,  and  gave  us  a  stubborn  fight.  The 
Fourth  Kentucky  and  a  battalion  of  Alabama  troops  were  here  on  our  right,  shel- 
tered under  the  brow  of  a  hill.  They  had  been  giving  the  enemy  a  hot  fire,  but 
ceased  as  we  came  up.  My  regiment  then  opened  a  terrible  tire  upon  the  enemy, 
and  kept  it  up  alone  for  a  short  time,  when  the  Twenty-fourth  Tennessee  joined 
with  us  in  firing  upion  them.  Col.  Freeman,  commanding  a  Tennessee  regiment, 
with  a  squadron  of  cavalry,  then  moved  rapidly  to  the  left  and  opened  rlre  upon 
their  right  flank.     This,  in  conjunction  witli  our  fire  in  from,  told  with  terrible 


494:  Military  Anxals  of  Tennessee. 


effect,  and  they  retreated,  leaving  many  of  their  dead  and  wounded  behind  them. 
We  pursued  them,  and  had  just  formed  on  the  fourth  hill  and  in  sight  of  their 
fourth  encampment,  when  you  returned  to  cheer  us  with  your  presence  and  to 
supply  us  with  ammunition. 

"The  remainder  of  the  evening  and  during  the  next  day  (Monday)  we  fought 
under  your  immediate  command.     It  is  unnecessary  for  me  to  enumerate  and  re- 
|  cite  the  many  charges  and  the  many  incidents  that  occurred  on  Monday,  as  ycu 

were  in  command  and  witnessed  them  all. 

"  In  conclusion  I  beg  leave  to  say  that  my  men,  though  inexperienced,  fought 
well  and  bravely,  and  never  failed  to  charge  or  rally  when  I  commanded  them  to 
do  so.  As  far  as  my  observation  went,  all  the  Tennessee  troops  fought  well.  So 
it  was  with  the  Arkansas  troops,  the  Mississippi,  the  Kentucky,  and  the  Alabama 
troops  on  the  left.  All  of  them  fought  nobly  and  gallantly,  and  against  great 
odds.  My  regiment  captured  about  one  hundred  prisoners  during  the  two  days 
fighting.  " 

"With  great  respect,  your  obedient  servant,  Benj.  J.  Hilt., 

"Colonel  Commanding-  Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment,  Provisional  Army. 

i  "Brig.-gen.  P.  R.  Cleburne, 

"Commanding  Second  Brigade." 


"Head-quarters  Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment,  Provisional  Army, 

".  Camp  Hill,  Miss.,  April  25,  1862. 

"Sir:  In  obedience  to  Special  Orders  No.  — ,  of  date  the  21st  instant,  in  relation 
to  the  number  of  men  of  this  regiment  engaged  in  the  battles  at  Shiloh,  on  the 
6th  and  7th  instant,  I  have  to  report  as  follows,  to  wit:  Number  detailed  as  infirm- 
ary or  hospital  corps,  29;  number  detailed  to  go  with  artillery,  6;  number  detailed 
to  go  with  the  sappers  and  miners,  1;  number  detailed  as  wagon-guard,  3;  number 
detailed  to  guard  am  munition,  2;  total  detailed,  41.  Number  of  non-commis- 
sioned officers  and  privates  engaged,  328;  number  of  company  officers  (commis- 
sioned), S3;  number  of  field  officers,  3;  number  of  staff  officers,  5;  total  engaged, 
369. 

"  In  reply  to  that  portion  of  the  order  which  refers  to  the  individual  action  of  the 
officers  and  men  of  this  regiment  on  the  battle-field  of  Shiloh  I  have  to  say  the 
officers  and  men  of  the  regiment  fought  well  and  acted  with  great  coolness  and 
bravery,  considering  their  inexperience.  Such  was  the  conduct  of  most  of  them 
on  the  field. 

"InCapt.  Forrest's  company  (C)  private  Samuel  Evans  displayed  great  coolness 
|  and  courage.    After  being  severely  wounded,  the  ball  passing  through  the  cheeks,  he 

refused  to  go  to  the  rear,  but  remained  and  fought  for  a  considerable  length  of  time, 
cheering  on  the  men,  and  loading  and  shooting  as  last  as  he  could. 

"In  Capt.  Towless  company  (D),  commanded  by  Lieut.  B.  H.  Womack,  privates 
J.  D.  Smith,  Douglass  Brien,  and  J.  T.  Pennington  are  mentioned  as  having  dis- 
tinguished themselves  by  their  bravery  and  daring. 

"In  Co.  D,  commanded  by  Lieut.  J.  L.  Jones,  and  subsequently,  after  the  wound- 
ins:  of  Lieut.  Jones,  by  Lieut.  R.  C.  Smartt,  private  John  Roberts,  a  very  young- 
soldier,  behaved  with  the  greatest  coolness  and  bravery  throughout  the  whole  ac- 
tion. He  was  frequently  in  advance  of  his  company,  was  knocked  down  twice  by 
spent  kalis,  and  hail  his  gun  shattered  to  pieces.  He  was  but  fifteen  years  old, 
but  displayed  the  coolness  and  courage  of  a  veteran. 


Begimental  Histopjes  and  Memobial  Rolls. 


495 


"In  Co.  F  (Capt.  Edward  J.  Wood)  Lieut.  C.  C.  Brewer  is  spoken  of  in  the  high- 
est terms  for  cool  bravery  and  gallant  bearing.  Following  the  lead  and  imitating  the 
example  of  his  Captain,  one  of  the  bravest  of  the  brave,  he  was  ever  at  the  head 
of  the  men,  his  gallant  Captain  only  in  advance,  cheering  them  on  to  the  conflict, 
and  ever  and  anon  dropping  one  of  the  Yankees  as  his  eye  would  chance  to  light 
upon  him.  Privates  Abe  Boren  and  Isaac  L.  Ray,  of  the  same  company,  also 
greatly  distinguished  themselves,  and  are  spoken  of  in  the  highest  terms  by  their 
comrades  and  their  Captain. 

"Lieut.  George  S.  L>eakins,  of  Capt.  W.  D.  Stewart's  company  (K),  was  also  con- 
spicuous throughout  the  engagement  for  coolness  and  gallant  behavior.  It  is  no 
doubt  invidious  to  single  out  instances  of  this  kind.  Officers  and  men  all  did  well, 
considering  that  they  were  raw  and  inexperienced,  and  they  were  out  Saturday 
night,  the  whole  regiment  on  picket  duty,  and  consequently  unrefreshed. 

"Respectfully  submitted.  B.  J.  Hill, 

"Colonel  Commanding  Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment,  Provisional  Army. 

"Maj.  Powhattan  Ellis,  jr., 

"Assistant  Adjutant-general  Second  Brigade,  Third  Army  Corps." 

The  Fifth  Tenne?vsee  Regiment  remained  with  the  army  during  the  siege  of 
Corinth,  and  on  the  23th  of  May,  1S02,  was  on  the  picket  lines  when  Halleck  was 
pressing  the  Confederate  lines  so  severely  on  the  eve  of  the  evacuation  of  Corinth. 
Being  ordered  by  Gen.  Cleburne,  on  the  morning  of  the  28th  of  May,  to  storm  the 
Federal  position  at  vShelton  Hill,  in  front  of  Corinth,  Col.  Hill  charged  with  Us 
gallant  regiment  into  a  perfect  gauntlet  of  Federal  columns,  who  were  concealed 
behind  a  hedge  of  plum-bushes,  and  before  he  was  aware  of  the  fact  that  the  reg- 
iments who  were  ordered  to  support  him  on  his  flanks  had  failed  to  advance  to  the 
charge,  he  rushed  into  the  very  muzzles  of  the  enemy's  cannon  and  dislodged  the 
enemy  from  their  position;  yet  the  fire  of  artillery  and  musketry  was  so  severe  in 
his  front  and  on  his  flanks  that  he  was  forced  to  fall  back  to  his  original  position, 
immediately  after  the  accomplishment  of  one  of  the  most  daring  and  gallant 
achievements  of  the  war.  For  this  heroic  act  Col.  Hill  and  his  regiment  were 
complimented  by  Gen.  Beauregard  in  general  orders  read  to  the  troops  of  the  en- 
tire army. 

After  the  evacuation  of  Corinth  the  regiment  accompanied  the  brigade  in  the 
Kentucky  campaign,  and  fought  bravely  at  the  battles  of  Richmond  and  Perry- 
ville.  At  Murfreesboro  and  Chickamauga  it  sustained  the  reputation  it  had  won 
on  all  former  battle-fields.  When  the  Confederate  forces  fell  back  to  Dalton,  in 
1S63,  Col.  Hill  was  made  Provost  Marshal  General  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee  by 
order  of  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston.  In  this  capacity  Col.  Hill  served  the  Confed- 
eracy until  January,  1S65,  when  he  was  commissioned  a  Brigadier-general,  and 
assigned  to  duty  in  the  command  of  cavalry.  In  this  capacity  he  operated  prin- 
cipally in  North  Alabama  until  the  close  of  the  war,  when  he  surrendered  his 
command  at  Chattanooga  to  Gen.  Judah.  Col.  Hill  always  claimed  that  his  was 
the  last  command  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  that  surrendered. 


496 


Militabjt  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Official.']  Thirty-fifth  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  Benjamin  J.  Hill;  LieuteDant-colouel,  John  L.  Sr.urioek;  Major,  Joseph  Brown 
Adjutant,  Joseph  A.  Smith;  Quartermaster,  u.  F.  Brewster;  Commissary,  James  S.  Gribble, 
Surgeon,  J.  M.  Bell;  Assistant  Surgeon,  W.  0.  Barns. 


Webb,  Joseph,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Vann,  James,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Jaeko,  M.C.,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Jacko,  Jeremiah,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Cantrell,  Joseph,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Smith,  Thomas,  d.  Nov.,  1SS1. 
Sherrell,  Jasper,  d.  Sept.  1(5, 1861. 
Rowland,  W.  C,  d.  Dee.  23,  1863. 
Medley,  W.  F.,  d.  Jan.,  1863. 
Medley,  G.  V.,  d.  April  3,  1S63. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  G.  N.  W.  New  by. 

Martin,  L.,  d.  Nov.  23,  1363. 
Loury,  W;  V.,  d.  April  23,  1863. 
Jones,  A.,  d.  Feb.,  1863. 
Griffith,  J.  M.,  d.  Dee.,  1861. 
Edington,  T.  J.,  d.  May,  1862. 
Davis,  William,  d. 
Capshaw,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1863. 
Bryant,  Douglas,  k.  in  battle. 
Newby,  W.  B.  K.,  d.  March  25, 1362. 


Clark,  Madison,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Grove,  William,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Jones,  Burton,  k.  at  ihiloh. 
Mitchell,  Henry,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Jennings,  William,  d.  Dec.  10,  1861. 
Hennessce,  A.  L.,  d.  April  2. 1862. 
Clark,  William,  d. 
Grove,  Madison  J.,  d. 
Faulkner,  Thomas  J.,  d.  May,  1S62. 
Hennessee,  James  C  d. 
Jennings,  Isham.  d.  Jan.  5, 1862. 
McGregor,  Ezekiel,  d.  Dec.  18, 1361. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  C.  M.  Forrest. 

Meeks,  Daniel,  d. 
Medley,  William,  d.  May  22, 1863. 
Mays,  A.  B.,  d.  Jan.  10,  1S62. 
Manning,  Joseph,  d.  June  1,  1S63. 
Mitchell,  Robert,  d.  April  2.  1862. 
Patterson,  William,  d.  May  31.  1863. 
Safley,  Jasper,  d.  March  12,  1862. 
Wright,  D.  M.,  d.  August  8,  1863. 
Wiseman,  Henderson,  d.  March  2, 1S62 
Jones,  H .  R.,  d.  Aug.  12,  1862. 
Scott,  E.  D.,  d. 
Roberts,  William,  d.  Feb.,  1362. 


Martin,  David,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Hayes,  James  M.,  d.  June  8,  1862. 
MeMaines,  Wm.C,  d.  Dee.  21.  1861 
McGuire,  Wm.,  d.  April  26,  1862. 
Madewall,  Andrew  d.  Dec.  16  1S61. 


Smith,  Isaac,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Millstead,  George,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Bryant,  J.  H.,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
King,  Jacob,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Stephens,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Watson,  E.  K.  P.,  k.  at  Perryvilie. 
Savage,  Aquilla,  k.  at  Perryvilie. 
Lockhart,  William,  d.  Ma/  16,  1863. 
Stephens,  W.  H.,  d.  March,  1862. 


COMPANY'  C. 
Captain,  W.  B.  Cummings, 

Parsons,  Tilford  A.,  d.  Oct.,  1861. 
Sparkman,  George,  k.  in  battle. 
Sparkman,  Arthur,  d.  Feb.  1,  1862 
Smith,  John,  d.  Dee.  26,  1861. 
Walker,  M.  D.,  d.  Sept.  5,  1862. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  John  Macon. 

Lain,  W\  ML,  d.  March,  1862. 
Perry,  Henry,  d.  Dec.  1,  1863. 
Martin,  William,  d.  Jan.  19,  1863. 
Martin,  J.  M.,  d.  April  9,  1863. 
Millstead,  J.  M.,  d. 
Haggard,  Richard,  d. 
Cogle,  Jacob,  d.  April  9,  1863. 
Brown,  Rufus,  d.  Dec.  21,  1861. 


Smith,  T.  B.,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Trapp,  J.  M.,  k.  at  Perryvillo. 
Banks,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Allen,  H.  H.,  k.  in  battle. 
Brevirt,  S.  J.,  d. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  S.  M.  Gunter. 

McDougall,  G.  D.,  d. 
Styles,  William,  d. 
Stewart,  J.  P.,  d. 
Vanhooser,  John,  d. 
I  Young,  Tilford,  d. 


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Begimental  Histobxes  and  Memokial  Bolls. 


497 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Thomas  K.  Mitchell- 


Green,  Morris,  d.  April  23,  1663. 
Barnes,  Silae,  d.  Feb.  28,  1863. 
Bell,  Samuel  H.,  d.  Dec.  16, 1862. 
Boyd,  John  W,  d.  April  13,  1863. 
Henderson,  Levi  M.,  d.  Feb.  5, 1&63. 
Johnson,  Thomas,  d.  March  31,  ISS3 


Parks,  Esau,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Swan,  J.  F.,  k.at  Shiloh. 

Bonner,  John  C,  k.  at  Chiokamauga. 

Davenport,  Wesley,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 

Whitlock,  John,  d.  April  24, 1862. 


Netter,  Patrick,  d.  Jan.  15,  1S63. 

Posey,  Lewis,  d.  June  22,  1863. 

Shankles,  Thomas,  d.  April,  1862. 

Stratton,  John  M.,  d.  April,  1863. 

Spray,  James  M.,  d.  June  15, 18b3. 
|  Vick,  John,  d.  April  20,  1863. 
COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  H.  S.  Fowler. 

j  Tarbetr,  H.  R..  d,  May,  1862. 
I  Sm*rr,  B.  W.,  d.  April  22,  1862. 
|  Hopkins,  T.  E.,  d.  May  28,  1862. 

Trapp,  J.  T.,  d 


Barker,  Gilliam,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Lathrom,  J.  A.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Grant,  J.  G.,  k.  at  Murt'reesboro. 
Self,  A.  G,  k.  at  Perry  viile. 
Lane,  Harrison,  k.  in  battle. 
Wood,  C.B.,  k.  in  battle. 
Town,  W.  B.,  k.  in  battie. 
Cox,  C.  JL,  d. 


Beasley,  D.  H.,  d. 
Cochran,  E.  A.,  d.  Oct.  9, 1862. 
Cochran,  Lindsay,  d.  July  13, 1863. 
Dickey,  J.  il,  d. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  W.  G.  Stewart. 

|  Dugnn,  Wm.,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 

I  Smith,  Wm.,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 

j  Samples,  Green,  d. 

I  Green,  Kelly,  d. 

I  Deakins,  G.  W.,  d.  Feb.,  1S62.' 

j  Countess,  Asa,  d.  Mkrch  20, 1862. 

|  Bias,  Robert,  d.  April  15, 1862. 

I 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain.  John  M.  Vancleave. 

1  Maury,  J.  M.,  d. 

I  Moore,  G.  fl.,  d.  Sept.  28,  1862. 
Tillman,  T.  T.,  d.  Sept.  3,  1862. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  Elijah  W..  Holt. 

Daly,  Samuel  L.,  d.  July  20,  1S62. 
Goldbury,  Robert  W.,  d.  July  15,  1852 
Worley,  Samuel  K.,  d.  Nov.  20,  1862. 


Smith,  George  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Shinpach,  John,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Eagan,  Presley  P„  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Dunavant,  Wm.  P.  P.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

N.  B.— This  regiment  was  formerly  known  as  the  "First  Mountain  Rifies. 


THIRTY-SEVENTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  J.  Harvey  Mathes,  Memphis,  Tenn. 


This  regiment,  first  known  as  the  Seventh  Tennessee,  Provisional  Army  of  the 
Confederates  States  of  America,  was  organized  at  Camp  Ramsey,  half  a  mile  north 
of  Knoxville,  on  Thursday,  the  10th  of  October,  1S61,  with  "W.  H.  Carroll,  of  Mem- 
phis, as  Colonel  by  acclamation;  Moses  White,  of  Knoxville,  as  Lieutenant- 
colonel;  and  H.  P.  Moffatt,  of  Tullahoma,  as  Major.  The  original  idea  was  to 
raise  a  rifle  regiment,  but  thi3  was  soon  abandoned  as  to  rifle  equipment.  There 
were  nine  companies  at  the  time  of  organization:  Co.  A  (Hunt's),  from  Coffee; 
Co.  B  (Thomas's),  from  Claiborne;  Co.  C  (Cocke's),  from  JetFerson  and  Grainger* 
Co.  D  (Tankesley's),  from  Chattanooga;  Co.  F  (Rcdely's),  from  Washington;  Co.  G 
(Hawkins's),  from  Bradley;  Co.  H  (Nichols's),  from  North  Georgia  near.  RiDggold; 
Co.  I  (McReynolds's),  from  Blount  and  Sevier;  Co.  K  ( McXally),  from  Grainger. 
32 


498  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

. 

I 

On  the  day  of  organization  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  proceed  by  rail  to 
Germantown,  Shelby  county,  East  Tennessee.  The  right  wing  reached  there  on 
the  12th,  and  the  left  wing  on  the  18th.  On  the  way  the  right  wing  was  joined 
at  or  near  Madison,  Ala.,  by  a  company  of  Alabamians,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Owens,  afterward  designated  as  Co.  E.  The  regiment  went  into  camp  near  Ger- 
mantown, and  drilled  over  a  month.  Col.  Avery's  regiment  was  there  also. 
While  there  Col.  Carroll  was  appointed  Brigadier-general,  which  finally  resulted 
in  making  a  full  Colonel  of  Moses  White,  Lieutenant-colonel  of  Moffatt,  and 
Major  of  Capt.  Hunt,  of  Co.  A.  K.  D.  Frayser  was  appointed  Adjutant  by  Col. 
Carroll,  and  J.  Harvey  Mathes  was  appointed  Sergeant-major. 

The  regiment  was  ordered  and  started  back  to  East  Tennessee,  November  14. 
It  reached  Chattanooga,  and  went  into  camp  on  the  15th.  It  remained  there  a 
week,  and  sent  scouting  parties  up  the  Tennessee  River;  thence  proceeded  to 
Knoxville.  While  there  two  of  the  bridge-burners  were  hanged  near  camp,  and 
a  portion  of  the  regiment  was  detailed  to  guard  the  prison  in  which  W.  G.  Brown- 
low  and  other  Unionists  were  confined. 

The  third  move  was  the  most  serious  of  all  to  date.  About  the  19th  of  De- 
cember the  regiment  was  ordered  across  the  mountains  to  Mill  Springs,  Ky.,  and 
moved  in  two  sections,  some  days  aparr,  encumbered  with  much  baggage  and 
heavy  stores.  The  distance  was  about  one  hundred  and  thirty  miles,  the  weather 
bad,  and  the  roads  almost  impassable,  through  what  was  virtually  the  enemy's 
country.     The  last  detachment  reached  Mill  Springs  on  the  16th  of  January,  and 

(joined  the  others  in  camp;  on  the  18th  were  called  out  in  line  of  battle;  on  the  19th 
had  a  taste  of  our  first  battle.  Zollicoffer  was  killed.  The  Thirty-seventh  was 
not  actively  engaged  in  the  fight.  It  crossed  the  river  early  in  the  morning,  and 
was  ordered  out  to  the  front  after  the  fight  was  nearly  over.  The  enemy  halted 
in  full  view.  In  some  desultory  firing  that  ensued  we  lost  one  man  killed  and  bad 
a  few  wounded.  An  artillery  duel  occupied  the  afternoon  till  dark.  During  the 
night  the  entire  regiment  and  Confederate  force  recrossed  the  river  to  the  south 
side.  All  heavy  stores,  camps,  etc.,  were  abandoned,  and  the  command  retreated 
indiscriminately;  reached  Gainesboro  January  26fch,  and  on  the  29th  received  some 
tents  that  came  up  on  a  boat;  remained  there  several  days.  During  the  time  some 
of  the  soldiers  who  ran  off  to  Knoxville  from  Mill  Springs  came  up  by  a  boat. 

Saturday,  February  16,  1S62. — The  regiment,  along  with  Carroll's  brigade  and 
Maj.-gen.  Crittenden's  command,  left  Camp  Harding,  near  Carthage;  destination 
understood  to  be  the  Hermitage.  Tents  and  camp  equipage  shipped  by  boat  to- 
ward Nashville;  crossed  Caney  Fork  of  the  Cumberland  that  night,  just  four  weeks 
from  the  night  of  crossing  the  Cumberland  on  the  retreat  from  Mill  Spring?. 

Wednesday,  Feb.  19. — Marched  through  Murfreesboro,  and  went  into  camp  on 
•the  Nashville  pike,  where  forces  from  Fort  Donelson  and  Nashville  and  our  own 
little  army  were  concentrated. 

Monday,  Feb.  24. — Tents  came  at  last;  not  the  same,  but  better  ones. 

Thursday,  Feb.  27. — Marched  through  and  from  Murfreesboro  south  toward 
Shelbyville  as  rear-guard  of  the  last  brigade  of  infantry,  a  position  held  only  that  day. 

Saturday,  March  1. — Marched  through  Shelbyville  in  columns  of  platoons  about 
one  o'clock  p.m.,  crossed  Duck  River,  and  went  into  camp.  The  regiment,  with 
the  rest  of  the  army,  proceeded  south  by  easy  stages,  generally  finding  good  camp- 
ing places,  with  fuel  and  water  in  reach. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


499 


Monday,  March  10. — Marched  through  Athens,  Ala.,  with  drums  beating  and 
colors  flying.  Heavy  rains  had  been  falling,  and  the  command  was  not  in  a  very 
fine  or  spirited  condition.  Camped  six  miles  north-west  of  Athens.  Gen.  Carroll 
having  gone  to  Memphis,  Col.  T.  W.  Newman,  of  the  Seventeenth  Regiment,  ha3 
been  commanding  the  brigade  for  some  time.  Wm.  Carroll,  jr.,  being  also  absent, 
Lieut.  Blackburn,  of  Co.  B,  has  been  Aid -de-camp  in  his  place. 

Wednesday,  March  12. — The  brigade  moved  from  camp.  The  Thirty-seventh, 
preceded  by  Newman's  regiment,  passed  over  the  bridge  and  through  Decatur, 
Ala.,  to  the  fair-grounds,  and  went  into  camp. 

Friday,  March  14. — Our  regiment  had  never  been  well  armed — some  of  the 
men  not  armed  at  all.  Col.  Newman,  commanding  the  brigade,  has  succeeded  in 
arming  his  own  regiment — the  Seventeenth — very  well,  and  offers  ours  some  flint- 
lock muskets.  Rather  an  improvement  on  nothing,  or  what  we  have,  some  of  the 
flint-locks  were  accepted.  There  begins  to  be  talk  of  a  great  battle  soon.  The 
Confederates  are  concentrating  on  the  line  of  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  rail- 
road, and  the  Federals  on  the  Tennessee  River  below  Eastport,  Miss. 

Wednesday,  March  19. — Marched  from  camp  to  the  railroad  in  a  drenching 
rain,  and  wagons  followed  with  much  difficulty.  Took  train  for  Tuscumbia,  the 
wagons  going  through  by  country  road.  Gen.  Carroll  returned  and  resumed  com- 
mand of  the  brigade  before  it  left  Decatur. 

Monday,  March  24. — Regiment  moved  to  Iuka,  Miss.,  by  rail,  and  went  into 
camp. 

Tuesday,  April  1. — A  feint  of  the  Federals,  or  report  of  one,  created  quite  a 
stir.  We  slept  in  line  of  battle,  facing  the  Tennessee  River.  Nothing  came 
of  it. 

Thursday,  April  3.  —  Moved  by  rail  to  Burnsville,  Miss.  Col.  White  was 
placed  in  command  of  the  post,  which  was  considered  an  outpost,  on  the  right 
wing  of  the  army,  and  remained  so  until  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 

The  Thirty-seventh  Tennessee,  and  two  or  three  other  regiments  and  some  cav- 
alry, occupied  this  post  (Burnsville),  and  could  distinctly  hear  the  sound  of  artil- 
lery on  Sunday,  April  6.     The  battle  of  Shiloh  was  being  fought. 

Monday,  April  7. — Rumors  reached  -camp  of  a  great  battle  and  a  dear-bought 
victory.  Rosecrans,  Grant,  and  Prentiss  prisoners,  with  sis  or  seven  thousand  of 
their  men;  reported  also  that  Gen.  Buell  was  killed. 

Monday,  April  14. — Regiment  ordered  from  Burnsville  to  Iuka  on  train;  take 
alarm  again  Wednesday,  April  16,  and  are  sent  back  to  Burnsville. 

Thursday,  April  17. — The  Thirty-seventh  Tennessee,  the  last  regiment  left  at 
Burnsville,  moved  down  to  Corinth,  and  went  into  camp  on  the  south  side  of  the 
railroad,  half  a  mile  or  more  above  town. 

Thursday,  April  24. — Moved  to  a  new  camp  a  mile  south  of  toAvn  and  west  of 
the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad,  and  found  ourselves  in  Marmaduke's  brigade,  Col. 
Moses  White  commanding  the  regiment.  Maj.  Hunt  (Co.  A)  received  com- 
mission. Lieut.-col.  Mofiatt  not  on  duty,  owing  to  charges  preferred  for  conduct 
at  Mill  Springs.  Seventeen  permanent  teamsters  detailed  this  date  to  drive 
wagons  (26th). 

Friday,  May  9. — Nothing  unusual.  The  regiment  was  suddenly  called  out, 
marched  up  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad  some  three  miles,  then  to  the  left,  and 


500 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


reached  Farmington  about  noon.     A  sharp  engagement  was  already  over,  with 
some  loss  on  both  sides.     Ii.etu.rned  to  camp  at  night. 

Saturday,  May  10,  1862. — Regimental  election,  already  postponed  by  the  above 
move,  came  off.  Col.  Moses  White  reelected  by  a  large  majority  over  Major  Hunt. 
Adjt.  Frayser  was  elected  Lieutenant-colonel  by  a  large  majority  over  his  oppo- 
nents, Capts.  Owen,  of  Co.  E  (Alabama);  J.  D.  Thomas,  of  Co.  B;  R.  M.  Tankes- 
ley,  of  Co.  I)  (Chattanooga);  and  Lieut.  Geo.  T.  Fry,  of  Co.  C.  Many  changes 
were  made  in  the  companies.  In  Co.  C  James  B.  Long  was  elected  Captain;  Sergt.- 
maj.  J.  II.  Mathes,  First  Lieutenant;  Corp.  Dave  MeLellon,  Second  Lieutenant; 
and  B.  A.  Long,  Third  Lieutenant.  The  old  Captain,  S.  M.  Cocke,  a  gallant  gen- 
tleman, was  present,  but  declined  to  be  a  candidate  for  any  office.  He  was  in  bad 
health,  went  home,  and  in  a  few  months  died  of  consumption.  The  regiment  lost 
in  him  one  of  its  best  officers,  one  of  nature's  noblemen.  It  would  have  been  in 
order  to  have  stated  sooner  that  Com.  J.  S.  McReynolds  was  elected  Major  with- 
out opposition. 

From  this  time  on,  while  the  army  remained  at  Corinth,  the  regiment  per- 
formed much  heavy  picket  service  at  the  front,  it  being  Gen.  MarmadukVs  spe- 
cial ambition  to  have  his  troops  either  in  an  engagement  or  as  near  one  as  possi- 
ble. 

Thursday,  May  29. — Regiment  moved  south  out  of  Corinth  some  time  that 
night. 

Saturday,  May  31. — Marched  to  Baldwyn  and  camped. 

Saturday.  June  7,  1S62. — Marched  some  seven  miles  south. 

Sunday,  June  8. — Marched  some  ten  miles,  and  went  into  camp  above  Tupelo 
on  the  east  side  of  the  railroad. 

Tuesday,  June  10. — Regiment  ordered  to  Verona.  Marched  down  the  Mobile 
and  Ohio  railroad.  Readied  the  village  at  sundown.  Found'  a  few  troops  and 
several  hospitals  full  of  sick  men.  Marched  out  three  miles  and  relieved  the 
Thirty-fourth  Alabama.  Col.  White  took  command  of  the  post,  and  detailed 
companies  B,  I,  and  K  to  preserve  order.  A  day  or  two  later  the  regiment  was 
ordered  back,  and  encamped  within  one  mile  of  town,  on  the  west  side  of  Town's 
Creek. 

Saturday,  June  14. — Col.  Ben  Hill's  Tennessee  regiment  came  down  to  relieve 
us. 

Thursday,  June  19. — Marched  through  Verona  and  back  to  Tupelo.  Went 
into  camp  under  the  very  strict  discipline  of  Gen.  Marmaduke,  a  thorough  West 
Pointer. 

Friday,  July  25. — Ordered  to  leave  on  the  train. 

Saturday,  July  2G. — Left  camp  at  Tupelo  about  10  a.m.  The  Twenty-fifth  and 
Thirty-seventh  Tennessee  regiments  went  on  one  train,  under  command  of  Col. 
White. 

Sunday,  July  27. — Arrived  in  Mobile  after  dark,  and  went  on  board  the  steamer 
"Dorrance."  Steamer  left  Mobile  about  12  o'clock  at  night,  going  up  the  river. 
The  water  was  low  and  the  boat  rather  large  for  the  season  and  river. 

Thursday,  July  31. — Arrived  at  Montgomery  at  night,  in  a  rain,  and  were  met 
by  Gen.  Marmaduke  and  Lieut.  Ewing,  his  Adjutant. 

Friday,  August  1. — Disembarked,  and  marched  over  to  the  fair-grounds. 

Saturday.  August  2. — Started  on  the  train,  but  broke  down. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls 


501 


Sunday,  August  3. — An  ovation  at  all  the  important  stations  and  towns. 
Reached  Wise  Point  at  night.     Changed  cars. 

Monday,  August  4. — Reached  Atlanta  at  daylight.  Were  delayed  all  day.  Pro- 
ceeded at  night. 

Tuesday,  August  5. — Awoke  at  Dalton  at  daylight,  and  stopped  at  Chickamauga 
Station,  twelve  miles  from  Chattanooga,  that  afternoon. 

Wednesday,  August  6. —  Marched  across  the  country  three  miles,  and  went  into 
camp  at  the  big  spring  near  Tyner's  Station,  on  the  Chattanooga  and  Cleveland 
railroad. 

Monday,  August  IS. — Ordered  down  to  Chattanooga  on  the  train.  The  regi- 
ment slept  in  the  streets.  Crossed  the  Tennessee  River  the  night  of  the  19th — 
on  a  pontoon  bridge,  if  I  remember  right.  [There  is  a  mistake  of  one  day  in 
dates  somewhere  along  in  this  month  which  1  cannot  now  rectify.  From  this  on 
I  resume  from  old  diary.]  We  camped  a  few  miles  north  of  Chattanooga  some 
days. 

Sunday,  August  23. — Being  now  in  Bushrod  Johnson's  brigade  and  Buekner  s 
division,  there  was  a  grand  review.  Gen.  Marmaduke  did  not  go  north  of  the 
Tennessee  River,  being  ordered  west.  Gen.  Buekner,  lately  exchanged,  was  quite 
gray,  rather" small,  very  trim  and  dashing  in  appearance,  and  rode  a  splendid  black 
horse.  He  was  attended  by  a  large  and  handsomely  dressed  staff,  altogether  mak- 
ing a  fine  appearance  and  impression. 

Wednesday,  August  26. — Received  inarching  orders. 

Thursday,  August  27. — Marched  at  daylight. 

Friday,  August  28. — Went  down  the  mountains  into  the  Sequatchie  Valley,  and 
camped  on  the  river  of  that  name. 

Monday,  September  1. — Marched  twenty  miles,  and  camped  five  or  six  miles 
below  Pike  vi  lie. 

Tuesday,  September  2. — Marched  slowly  up  Cumberland  Mountains.  Camped 
on  a  stream.     Buckner's  body-guard  captured  a  Federal  Lieutenant-colonel. 

Wednesday,  September  3. — A  good  day's  march.  Camped  four  miles  from 
Spencer,  near  a  mill. 

Thursday,  September  4. — Started  before  day.  Passed  through  Spencer.  Marched 
twenty  miles,  and  camped  in  sight  of  Sparta. 

Sunday,  September  7. — Marched  sixteen  miles  on  the  Carthage  road. 

Tuesday,  September  9. — Passed  six  or  seven  miles  to  the  right  of  Carthage. 
Forded  the  Cumberland  River  at  Sand  Shoal,  and  camped  on  a  hill. 

Wednesday,  September  10. — A  good  day's  march.     Camped  near  a  steam-miii. 

Thursday,  September  11. — Gen.  Buekner  and  staff  halted  at  the  Kentucky  line, 
and  were  cheered  by  the  troops  as  we  crossed.  The  Thirty-seventh  had  the  post  of 
honor,  and  were  very  proud  of  it.  During  the  day  we  passed  Red  Sulphur  Spring, 
in  Sumner  county,  Tenn.  Camped  that  night  on  Barren  River,  in  Barren  county-, 
Ky. — a  small  stream. 

Friday,  September  12. — Marched  to  another  stream. 

Saturday,  September  13. — Started  at  day-break.  Marched  eleven  miles  to  Glas- 
gow. Met  Cheatham's  division,  which  came  by  way  of  Gainesboro.  Went  into 
camp  west  of  the  town. 

Monday,  September  15. — Marched  through  Glasgow  and  into  Cave  City,  twelve 
miles,  in  the  dust  and  heat. 


502  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Tuesday,  September  16. — Marched  early,  twelve  miles,  and  halted  in  front  of 
Munfordsville,  where  Chalmers's  brigade  had  been  repulsed  with  loss  the  day  before. 
In  the  evening  our  forces  were  placed  in  position  for  assault.  Surrender  demand- 
ed and  refused. 

Wednesday,  September  17. — The  garrison,  some  four  thousand  strong,  marched 
outside  and  stacked  arms.  Fine-looking  and  well-uniformed  body  of  men,  not 
in  the  least  disconcerted.  They  were  sent  back  to  be  paroled.  The  capture  in- 
cluded ten  pieces  of  artillery,  about  six  thousand  stand  of  arms,  and  considerable 
stores.  We  crossed  Green  River  that  day,  and  camped  on  the  north  side,  near 
the  fine  railroad  bridge  afterward  blown  up  by  John  Morgan. 

Thursday,  September  IS. — In  line  of  battle  all  day. 

Friday,  September  19. — Marched  back  five  miles  toward  Cave  City.  Marched 
and  countermarched  all  day,  and  finally  rested  on  the  old  line  of  battle. 

Saturday,  September  20. — Cooked  four  days  ration:-.  The  bridge  was  burned 
behind  us,  and  at  dark  we  started  north  or  north-east,  and  marched  fourteen 
miles. 

Sunday,  September  21. — Marched  early,  Col.  "White  commanding  the  brigade. 
Gen.  Johnson  being  sick;  made  twelve  miles.     Camped  near  Hodgensville. 

Monday,  September  22. — Started  late.  Passed  through  New  Haven,  and  made 
fourteen  miles. 

Tuesday,  September  23. — Marched  early.  Made  twelve  miles,  and  went  into 
camp  at  noon  near  Bardstown,  some  forty  miles  from  Louisville.  [Notes  made  ac 
this  point:  Lieut.-col.  Frayser  was  left  behind  sick,  in  Mississippi,  and  did  not 
participate  in  this  campaign.  Dr.  J.  C.  Hall,  regimental  Surgeon,  .was  left  sick 
at  Sparta,  and  Dr.  Lyntliicum,  since  of  Helena,  Ark.,  took  his  place.  Several 
other  officers  were  left  behind.  Capt.  McReynolds,  Assistant  Quartermaster,  was 
left  sick  at  Glasgow  and  never  again  heard  of.  He  probably  died.]  Remained 
at  Bardstown  several  days.  The  brigade  did  picket  duty  two  days  and  nights 
seven  miles  north,  on  the  Shepardstown  road. 

Monday,  October  6. — Marched  through  Perryville.  Halted,  and  formed  in  line 
of  battle  facing  back  the  road  and  across  a  creek. 

Tuesday,  October  7. — Still  in  line.  Some  skirmishing  in  the  front,  and  coun- 
termarching. 

Wednesday,  October  8.— -In  battle.  We  were  on  the  right  of  Buckner  s  divis- 
ion. Cannonading  and  skirmishing  commenced  early.  Kegiment  supported  a 
battery  '^Smith's,  I  think)  commanded  by  Lieut.  (Dr.)  Sharron,  of  Vicksburg,  on 
a  hill  across  a  creek.  At  2  o'clock  we  moved  down  the  hill  in  open  held,  and.  in 
viewr  of  the  enemy,  to  a  little  hollow  where  by  lying  down  we  were  safe.  On  the 
right  we  could  see  a  line  forming,  which  proved  to  be  Cheatham's  division.  At 
3  o'clock  it  went  into  action — a  grand  sight.  Almost  instantly  our  line  was  or- 
dered forward,  and  was  soon  engaged.  The  Thirty-seventh  and  Seventeenth  Ten- 
nessee regiments  finally  fell  in  together  and  charged  a  stone  wall,  which  was 
taken  after  a  hand-to-hand  tight.  The  brigade  was  about  out  of  ammunition,  and 
was  relieved  temporarily  by  Cleburne's  brigade.  Afterward  marched  over  the 
battle-field,  but  not  further  engaged. 

Thursday,  October  9. — Marched  to  Harrodsburg,  then  to  Camp  Dick  Robinson, 
where  we  remained  a  day  or  two;  then  resumed  the  march,  passing  through  Crab 
Orchard,  Barboursville,  and  London.    Passed  Cumberland  Gap  about  October  17. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


503 


Beached  Knoxville  about  the  24th,  Col.  Moses  White  being  in  command  of  the 
brigade.  The  regiment  moved  with  the  army  to  Middle  Tennessee.  Caniped  at 
Shelby ville,  College  Grove,  etc.;  then  marched  to  Murfreesboro. 

Wednesday,  December  31, 1862. — The  regiment  was  actively  engaged  from  day- 
light until  dark.  Lost  about  half  our  number  in  killed  and  wounded.  Col. 
White  and  Lieut.-col.  Frayser  wounded  early.  Maj.  McReynolds  fatally  wound- 
ed later  in  the  day.  The  Adjutant  and  Sergeant-major  practically  led  the  regi- 
ment the  greater  part  of  the  day.  The  regiment  fell  back  with  the  army,  and 
being  greatly  depleted,  was  a  few  weeks  later  sent  to  Chattanooga  to  gather  re- 
cruits, reaching  the  city  Saturday,  January  10,  1863.  The  companies  were  dis- 
tributed at  points  from  Chattanooga  to  Daiton,  Ga.  Early  in  June  the  regiment 
was  ordered  up  to  Wart  race.  We  had  been  recruited  up  to  about  five  hundred 
strong;  but  the  new  material  was  not  the  very  best,  and  much  of  it  afterward 
slipped  away  in  the  trying  times  that  followed. 

Tuesday,  June  9. — The  Thirty-seventh  Tennessee  Eegiment,  four  hundred  and 
eighty-four  present  for  duty,  was  consolidated  with  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee,  one 
hundred  and  forty  strong.  Col.  White  and  Adjutant  relieved  from  duty.  Lieut.- 
col.  Frayser  was  retained.  Col.  B.  C.  Tyler,  of  the  Fifteenth,  took  command,  with 
Wall  as  Major  and  Kent  as  Adjutant.  This  arrangement  was  altogether  unfort- 
unate, and  provoked  a  bad  feeling  which  existed  till  the  end  of  the  war,  and  was 
really  the  cause  of  a  very  notable  court-martial  at  Daiton  iu  1864.  Thirteen  offi- 
cers of  the  Thirty-seventh  Tennessee  tendered  their  resignations — not  accepted. 
The  regiment,  as  consolidated,  was  assigned  to  Bate's  brigade,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Hoover's  Gap. 

The  regiment  fell  back  with  the  army  to  Chattanooga  and  to  Tyners  Station, 
and  was  in  the  battles  of  Missionary  Ridge  and  Chickamauga,  sustaining  very 
heavy  losses  in  both.  Went  into  winter-quarters  at  Daiton,  and.  remained  there 
during  the  winter  of  1863-64.  Tyler  became  Brigadier-general,  and  the  brigade 
took  his  name  after  Bate  became  Major-general.  The  regiment  was  commanded 
alternately  by  White,  Frayser,  and  Wall,  and  took  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  Geor- 
gia campaign,  losing  very  heavily  in  the  principal  battles;  also  in  the  battles  of 
Franklin  and  Nashville,  and  was  at  the  final  surrender  in  North  Carolina.  It 
was  then  a  mere  skeleton  of  a  regiment,  and  the  few  old  veterans  that  held  out 
to  the  end  dispersed  never  to  meet  again  on  earth. 


Official]  Thirty-seventh  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  Moses  White;  Lieutenant-colonel,  R.  Dudley  Frayser;  Major,  J.  T.  McReynolds ; 
Surgeon,  J.  C.  Hall ;  Assistant  Surgeon,  R.  A.  Gentry  ;  Adjutant,  J.  Harvey  Maches. 
McReynolds,  Major  J.  T.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Robert  Dean. 

Yates,  J.  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 


Clark,  Jacob,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Cross,  Benjamin,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Rea^or,  R.  J-,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Nelson,  C.  A.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 


Byron,  R.  D.,  d.  Sept,  25,  1864. 
Gunn,  Richard,  d.  Nov.  12,  1863. 


Rarnard,  John,  k.  in  battle. 
Miller,  William,  k.  in  battle. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  W.  H.  Barnard. 

j  Davis,  J.  E.,  d.  May  15,  1862. 
'  Dobbs,  Lyde,  d.  May  18, 1862. 


>04 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Owen,  Andrew,  d.  May  11,  1862. 
Proctor,  R.  P.,  d.  March  1,  1SC2. 


Rogers,  R.  B.,  d.  May  2,  18G3. 
Helams,  William,  d.  Oct.  20,  1862. 


COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  S.  M.  Cocke. 


Huffmaster,  H.  J.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Jones,  Edward,  d.  Dec.  21,  1863. 
Ewing.  Carter,  d.  July  ">0, 1S63. 
Atkins,  Marion,  d.  July  21,  1863. 
Tennessee,  Kindred,  d.  March  6,  1S63. 


Taylor,  H.  O.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1863. 
Tally,  J.  I.,  d.  Dec.  31,  1862. 
Ratcliffe,  William,  d.  April  28, 1862 
Fort,  Jacob,  d. 
Steam,  Iaaac,  d. 


Morgan,  Joseph  R.,  k.  in  battle. 
Coon,  John,  k.  in  battle. 
Coover,  George  D.,  d.  Jan.  20,  1864. 
Eppins.  T.  P.,  d.  March  26,  1863. 
Scott,  J.  M.,  d.  Aug.  20,  1862. 
West,  J.  L.,  d.  May  11,  1S62. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  R.  M.  Tankesley. 

Newton,  Isaac,  d.  June  21,  1862. 
Cape,  William,  d.  May  17,  1362. 
Langston,  William,  d.  May  10, 1862 
Pinney,  Geo.  W.,  d.  Nov.  27,  1861. 
Brady,  Benj.,  d.  Dec.  10,  1861. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Thomas  II.  Owen. 


Clark,  John  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Grayson,  John  C,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Collier,  Wm.  C,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Higijs,  Samuel  E.,  k.  at  Murt'reesboro. 
Clark,  William  O,  Feb.  14,  1862. 
Glass,  William  M.  d.  Feb.  1,  1862. 
Herrin,  Edward  W..  d.  Feb.  14,  1852, 
Inmau,  James  M.,  d.  Dec.  27, 1864. 
Moon,  Richard,  d.  Jan.  9,  1862. 
Alvis,  Thomas,  d.  April  15, 18G2. 
Dilworth,  G.  S.,  d.  Sept.  20,  1862. 


nanna,  J.  J.,  d.  Sept.  11,  1862 

Matherson,  J.  W.,  d.  Sept.  28,  1332. 

Ellett,  G.  W.,  d.  July  1,  1862. 

Layne,  R.  E.,  d.  Nov.  10,  1862. 

Whitehead,  Wm.,  d.  June  18,  1863. 

Dunn,  Franklin,  d. 

Hughes,  William,  d.  Oct.  16,  1863. 

Pevy,  Wiiliam  H.,  d. 

Eason,  George  W.,  d.  Dec.  4, 1863. 

Rich,  J.  K.  P.,  d. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Reuben  Robbie. 


Moore,  Madison,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Longmire,  W.  W.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Gibson,  George,  d.  March  22,  1862. 
ScttlC  M.  M.,  d.  March  24,  18G2. 
Stiger,  David  E.,  d.  March  10,  1362. 
Sawyers,  Reuben,  d.  Oct.  5,  1S62. 
Husk,  S.  F.,  d.  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Green,  Newton,  September  15,  1862. 


Brown,  James,  d.  Nov.  3,  1862. 
Sharer,  George  M.,  Sept.  19,  1863. 
Fine,  James  M.,  Sept.  30,  18(33. 
Jones,  John,  Oct.  15,  1863. 
Tipton,  E.  L.,  d.  Jan.  21,  18S3. 
Henry,  John,  d. 
Goode,  J.,  d. 
Love,  J.  R.,  d. 


Bradley,  J.  M.,  d.  June  19,  1862. 
Gurley,  John,  d.  July  10,  1862. 
Talbett,  William  W.,  d.  May  30, 


Ogle,  Isaac,  d.  Feb.  23, 1862. 
Coghorn,  George  A.,  d.  Jan.  24,  1362. 
Horn,  William,  d.  July  11, 1862. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  R.  S.  Marshall. 

Boyd,  Robert  A.,  d.  Aug.  4.  1863. 
Stephens,  Granville  C,  d.  Aug.  3,  1363. 
1862. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Isaac  B.  Nichols. 

Roborts,  John,  d.  Dec.  21,  1861. 
Poole,  Francis  M.,  d.  Oct.  27, 1862. 


Long,  John,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Maples,  Riley,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  James  E.  Swan. 

I  Bovd,  William, 


k.  at  Ferryville. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         505 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  J.  C.  Jarnagin. 
Johnson,  Clinton  D..  k,  at  Chiekamauga.  i  Pratt,  William  \V.,  d.  June  16,  1863. 

Rich,  John  L.,  k.  at  Ciiickamauga.  Simmons,  James,  d.  Oct.  14,  1862. 

Acurr,  John  P.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga.  Cunningham,  Thomas  K.,  d.  Dec.,  1863. 

Jarnagin,  Capt.  C.  G.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  Ehvood,  Clinton  L.,  d.  Dec,  1SC-B. 

Roy,  Thomas  R.,  d.  Oct.  17,  1862.  Turpin,  William,  d.  Aug.,  1S63. 


THIRTY-EIGHTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  Marcus  J.  Wright,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Among  rhe  many  Tennessee  commands  which  were  conspicuous  for  gallantry 
at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  none  won  more  laurels  than  the  Thirty-eighth  Tennessee 
Regiment,  commanded  by  Col.  Robert  F.  Looney.  At  that  battle  this  regiment 
had  as  its  brigade  commander  Col.  Preston  Pond,  of  the  Sixteenth  Louisiana  In- 
fantry, in  the  division  commanded  by  Brig. -gen.  Daniel  Haggles. 

On  the  morning  of  the  6th  of  April,  about  8  o'clock.  Col.  Pond  received  an  or- 
der  from  Gen.  Kuggles,  to  throw  one  regiment  and  one  section  of  artillery  to- 
ward the  left  of  the  line  near  Owl  Creek.  The  Thirty-eighth  Tennessee  Regi- 
ment was  ordered  on  this  duty,  supported  by  a  section  of  Cant.  Ketehum's  battery 
the  flank  and  front  of  the  line  as  established  being  supported  by  cavalry.  Before 
the  completion  of  these  dispositions  an  order  was  given  for  the  advance  of  the 
whole  line.  The  advance  was  made  in  double  columns  for  about  six  hundred 
yards  over  rugged  ground.  The  enemy's  skirmishers  making  their  appearance  in 
the  direction  of  Owl  Creek,  Col.  Looney  was  again  ordered  to  proceed  with  his 
regiment  and  a  section  of  guns.  It  was  soon  perceived  that  the  enemv  in  large 
force  were  ambushed  in  front  of  Col.  Looney"s  position,  and  Col.  Marshall  J. 
Smith,  of  the  Crescent  Regiment,  was  ordered  to  report  to  Gol,  Looney  with  his 
command.     After  stating  this  disposition,  Col.  Looney  in  las  official  report  says: 

"Shortly  we  approached  a  camp  of  the  enemy,  only  an  open  field  intervening. 
To  the  right,  and  in  advance  of  the  camp,  we  discovered  the  enemy  in  considera- 
ble force.  We  poured  upon  him  a  destructive  fire,  which  soon  caused  him  to  be- 
gin to  retire.  Near  the  camp  was  a  battery  all  the  while  playing  upon  our  forces. 
I  received  an  order  from  Maj.-gen.  Polk — through  his  son,  Capt.  Pulk — to  charge 
the  battery  and  camp  under  cover  of  the  woods  to  the  right.  I  quickly  exam- 
ined the  route  as  ordered,  and  saw  that  the  camp  and  battery  could  be  reached 
and  the  order  carried  out  in  effect  with  but  little  more  risk  by  moving  rapidlT 

through  the  open  field,  and  ordered  the  charge,  which  was  promptly  and  sueee 

fully  executed  as  to  the  camp  and  battery,  and  I  suppose  at  leas:  one  thousand 
prisoners  were  taken." 

On  the  next  day,  Col.  Looney  (continuing  his  report)  savs: 

"After  being  held  by  Gen.  Beauregard  for  about  fifteen  minutes,  I  received  an 
order  from  him,  through  Governor  Harris,  of  Tennessee,  to  charge  the  camp  and 
enemy  in  our  front.  My  regiment  was  in  the  center.  There  were,  I  suppose,  two 
regiments  on  my  right  and  three  on  my  left.  AVe  drove  the  enemv  far  bevond 
his  camp,  my  regiment  being  far  in  advance  of  any  other  troops  when  we  were 
ordered  to  retire.  Three  times  did  they  charge  the  enemy,  and  drove  him  from 
his  position  at  every  point.     I  delivered  the  last  volley  at  the  enemv  on  Monday'' 


506 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Col.  Looney,  in  his  report,  pays  the  following  handsome  tribute  to  officers  of  his 
command: 

"Capt.  John  C.  Carter  deserves  the  highest  praise  for  his  great  coolness  and 
high  courage  displayed  throughout  the  entire  engagement.  At  one  time  he  took 
the  flag,  and  urging  his  men  on,  rendered  me  great  assistance  in  moving  forward 
the  entire  regiment.  Captains  W.  II.  Cotter,  Hardy,  Umphlet,  J.  C.  Thrasher, 
and  J.  J.  May  field,  for  their  gallant  bearing,  are  entitled  to  great  credit.  They 
discharged  their  whole  duty.  Capt.  H.  A.  Abbington  was  with  his  command 
throughout  the  first  day  of  the  battle,  and  conducted  himself  handsomely,  but  be- 
ing in  delicate  health  was  not  able  to  be  with  his  company  on  the  7th.  Lieuten- 
ants T.  IT.  Koen,  A.  B.  March,  H.  D.  Greer,  E.  T.  Hutchinson,  F.  Pugh,  J.  W. 
Chilcutt,  L.  Ketchum,  C.  G.  Loring,  L.  R.  Jones,  E.  J.  Watt,  and  Brigg^,  were 
at  all  times  at  their  posts,  and  their  gallantry  was  worthy  of  the  cause  for  which 
they  struggled.  ...  To  Adjt.  K.  A.  Sanford  I  am  greatly  indebted  for  assist- 
ance rendered  me  throughout  the  entire  engagement,  and  for  his  gallant  bearing 
and  high  courage  too  much  praise  cannot  be  given.  Lieut.  B.  F.  Haller,  though 
feeble  from  ill  health,  was  with  his  company,  and  at  his  post  all  the  while,  and 
on  Monday,  in  the  absence  of  his  Captain,  gallantly  led  his  men  through  the 
light." 

The  casualties  of  the  regiment  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh  were  seven  killed,  forty- 
four  wounded — five  of  these  mortally — and  twenty-seven  missing;  making  a  total 
of  ninety. 

The  brigade  commander — Col.  Pond — in  his  official  report  highly  compliments 
Col.  Looney  for  u  his  coolness  and  intrepidity."  While  Col.  Looney's  regiment 
was  not  in  Gen.  Polk's  corps,  and  therefore  not  mentioned  in  his  official  report,  the 
General  complimented  him  and  his  regiment  on  the  field  for  their  gallant  and 
valuable  services. 

A  Colonel  and  Lieutenant-colonel  of  Gen.  Prentiss's  command  made  a  surren- 
der of  troops  captured  by  his  regiment  to  Col.  Looney  in  person. 

In  a  private  letter  written  by  Col.  Looney  to  a  friend  some  years  subsequent  to 
the  close  of  the  war,  he  says: 

"I  would  be  false  to  the  gallaut  men — both  living  and  dead — of  my  command 
at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  were  I  to  fail  to  say  that  the  Thirty-eighth  Tennessee 
Regiment  was  second  to  none  in  the  part  it  acted  in  those  bloody  days  of  the  6th 
and  7th  of  April,  1S62,  Captain  (afterward  Colonel  and  Brigadier-general)  John 
C  Carter,  who  fell  at  Franklin,  was  one  of  the  most  meritorious,  intelligent,  and 
gallant  officers  I  ever  knew.  He  represented  the  highest  idea  of  the  true  Chris- 
tian hero.  Capt.  Holland  was  a  most  estimable  man  in  all  the  relations  of  life, 
and  was  a  good  and  brave  soldier.'' 

The  writer,  who  was  on  the  field  of  Shiloh  in  another  command,  can  bear  tes- 
timony to  the  gallantry,  skill,  and  soldierly  conduct  of  Col.  Looney  and  his  com- 
mand, all  of  whom  he  heard  frequently  complimented  by  the  commanding  officers 
under  whose  orders  they  acted.  The  regiment  afterward  came  under  his  com- 
mand, and  its  subsequent  conduct  was  in  keeping  with  the  conspicuous  part  it  bore 
at  Shiloh. 


Begimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


507 


Official,']  Thirty-eighth  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  John  C.  Carter;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Andrew  D.  Gwynne;  Major,  Hamilton  W.  Col- 
ter; Surgeon,  H.  S.  Jones;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  Eugene  A.  Shryock;  Assistant  Commis- 
sary Subsistence,  Thaddeus  A.  Cromwell;  Adjutant,  Ft.  L.  Caruthers. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Hamilton  W.  Colter. 


Whitaker,  W.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Moore,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Matthews,  J.  E.,  d.  April  28, 18C2. 
Bowden,  B.,  d.  April  15, 1802. 
Flowers,  W.,  d.  April  17, 1862. 
How,  S.  W.,  d.  April  IS,  1862. 
Richardson,  W.  T.,  d.  April  17,  1862 
McCoy,  J.  B.,  d.  May  15,  1862. 
Whitehead,  fl.  S.,  d.  May  11,  1862. 
Byrd,  W.  S.,  d.  May  15, 1862. 


Johnson,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Powers,  John,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Sykes,  John,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Kirby,  John,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Reaves,  J.  L..  k.  at  Corinth. 


Guy,  John,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Williams,  James,  k.  at  Murfreesboro 
Moore,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
McKinney,  R.  J.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Wratkins,  Joel,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Adams,  S..  k.  at  Corinth. 
Adams,  M.  C,  d.  May  15, 1862. 
Anderson,  P.  L.,  d.  July  28, 1862. 
Babbitt,  D.  M.,  d. 
Roberts,  C.  R.,  d.  May  16,  1862. 
Pickens,  R.  31.,  d.  May  23,  1862. 


Haucel,  T..  d.  May  21,  1862. 
Womble,  T.,  d.  June  15,  1852. 
Cobb,  R.  M.,  d.  Feb.,  1863. 
Smith,  W.,  d. 

Branch,  B.,  d.  July  22,  1804. 
Richardson,  J.  R.,  d.  May  12,  1891. 
Hancel,  M.  A.,  k.  in  battle. 
Hunter,  A.  G.,  k.  in  battle. 
Moore,  D.  A.,  k.  in  battle. 
Jones,  31.,  k.  in  battle. 
COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Edward  F.  Lee. 

Balch,  William,  d.  June  1,  1862. 
Boggs,  B.  B.,  d.  August  10,  1S62. 
Capley,  W.  E.,  d.  July  4,  1862. 
Mobley,  W.  W.,  d.  April  23,  18C2. 
.Morrow,  J.  W.,  d.'juiy  8,  1862. 
COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  B.  H.  Holland. 

Wat;; ins,  H.,  d.  May  7,  1882. 
Butterworth,  W.  T.,  d.  Oct.  25,  1862. 
Boswell,  W.  F.,  d.  Oct.  27,  1802. 
Babbitt,  F.  I).,  d.  Oct.  19,  1862. 
Morris,  W.  B.,  d.  Aug.  26, 1862. 
Yancey,  A.,  d.  Pec.  14.  1862. 
Stidham,  T.  A.,  d.  Feb.  IS.  1863, 
Goodwin,  W.  J.,  d.  Oct..  1862. 
Penicks,  J.  J.,  d.  July  22,  1864. 
Brown,  C,  d.  July,  1864. 
Miller,  Capt.  J.  C,  d.July,  1864. 
COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  H.  H.  Abbington. 


Brasswel],  H.  B.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Boyd,  J.  J.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
House,  J.  W,,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Brooks,  A.  P.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Pitiman,  T.  C,  k.  at  Corinth. 
Host,  L.  T.,  d.  Nov.  11,  1SS2. 
Hooks,  M.,  d. 
PUk,  C.  L.,  d.  April  19,  1862. 


Callis,  G.  L.,  d.  Oct.  26,  1862. 

Gledwell,  N.,  d.  May  17,  1862. 

Parks,  W.  B.,  d.  Sept.  12,  1S62. 

York,  R.  S.,  d.  June  It.',  1862. 

Tilghman,  W.  M„  d.  July  22, 1862. 

Spear,  T.  J.,  d.  Aug.  29, 1862. 

Tilghman,  S.  R.,  d.  Aug.  15,  1863. 

Taylor,  Louis,  d. 
COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Job  Umphlet. 
Matthews,  Kendall,  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  Pilant,  D.,  d.  Oct.  3,  1862. 

Boon,  J.  C.  d.  May  21, 1862. 


Gordon,  D.  W.,  d.  April  IS,  1862. 
Kin*  G.  T.,  d.  April  27,  1862. 
Matthews,  J.  W.,  d.  April  22,  1862. 


Bell,  J.  S.,  d. 

Oliver,  T.  M.,  d. 

Edwards,  R.  F..  d.  Oct.  8,  1862. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  James  C.  Thrasher. 
WiHard,  Shelton,  k.  at  Chattanooga.  I  WiHard,  J.  R.,  d.  Jan.  2, 1863. 

Higgias,  S.  H.,  k.  at  Chattanooga.  !  Tuck,  W.  A.,  d.  Jan.  29,  1863. 

Prewett,  C.  W.,  d.  Aug.  12,  1862.  i  Knight,  T.  W.,  d.  March  12, 1863 


508 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee 


Feary,  J.  3.,  d.  April  19, 1863. 
House,  H.  J.,  d.  July  15, 186-3. 
Greeson,  8.  51.,  d.  Oct.  26,  1862. 


Wait,  J.  M.,  d.  April  25, 1862. 
Gilliland,  A.  M„  d.  May  8,  1861. 
Lindsay,  K.  T.;  d.  May  8,  1862. 
Oiingan,  J.  A.,  d.  May  24,  1SG2. 
Studivant,  It.  .M.,  d.  April  6,  1S02. 
Shipp,  James,  d.  March  20,  1862. 
Sexton,  M.,  d.  June  2,  1862. 
Stripling,  E.  N„  d.  May  8,1862. 
Watson,  E.  T.,  d.  June  5,  1862. 
Lindsay,  G.  W.,  d.  Oct.  8,  1862. 
Swindle,  J.  T.,  d.  May  24, 1862. 


Clemmons,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Murfree: 
Kolioway,  N.  W,,  d.  June  29,  186; 
Brown,  Jesse,  d.  Dec.  15, 1862. 
Baird.,  Clinton,  d.  April  3,  1862. 


Smith,  W.  A.,  d.  July  2, 1862. 
Gillespie,  T.  J.,  d.  April  27,  1862, 
Anderson,  T.  L.,  d.  May  20,  1862. 
Bland,  O.  K.,  d.  June  15, 18G2. 
Murell,  J.  A.,  d.  July  12,  1862. 
McFerrin,  W.  A.,  d.  July  2,  1862. 
Webber,  J.  B.,  d.  June  16, 1862, 
Webber,  J.  T.,  d.  July  15, 1862. 


Gains,  A.  M.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Ferguson,  Capt.  C.  H.,  k.  at  Perryville 
Nelson,  H.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Ocwns,  J.  W.,  d.  Sept.  15,  1864. 
Mosely,  D.  W.,  d.  March  26, 1863. 


•  Prewitt,  Martin,  d.  Aug.  12,  1862. 

Nelson,  W.  P.,  d.  March  29,  1S64. 

I  Sharpton,  E.  L.,  d.  April  21,  1864. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  J.  J.  Mayneld. 

Moore,  J.  J.,  d.  Oct.  25,  1361. 
Mills,  Jesse,  d.  Oct.  29,  1863. 
Banks,  J.  M.,  d.  July  22,  1864. 
Alexander,  L>.  II.,  d.  May  14,  1864. 
Paugherty,  J.  N.,  d.  April  6, 1864. 
Franklin,  H.  E.,  k.  in  battle. 
Sartain,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Suddeth,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Skelton,  William,  k.  in  battle. 
Winter,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
|  Womaek,  W.  J.,  k.  in  battle. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  T,  G.  Cook. 
:oro.  Reed,  H.  T.,  d.  Jan.  18,  1863. 

McKay,  R.  L.,  k.  July  20,  1864. 
Holland,  J.  L.,  k.  in  battle. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  B.  Wright. 

.  Calho-m,  A.  C,  d.  Aug.  S,  1362. 
Galloway.  J.  T.,  d.  Sept.  27,  1362. 
!  Clary,  J.  W„  d.  Jan.  22.  1363. 
j  Wilson,  E.  H.,  d.  April  3,  1863. 
j  Duval  I,  R.  B.,  k.  in  battle. 
!  Green,  G.  R.,  k.  in  battle. 

Hill,  A.  J,  k.  in  battle. 
I 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  Allen  B.  Lovejoy. 

Burnside,  J.  M.,  d.  Jan.,  1863. 
Smith,  J.  C,  d.  July  27,  1862. 
Knox,  J.  P.,  d. 
Lovejoy,  O.  M.,  d. 


THIRTY-NINTH   AND   FORTIETH  TENN.  INFANTRY. 


(CONSOLIDATED.) 


Official] 


Logan,  C.  A,  k.  March  15,  1862 
Murray,  T.,  d.  Aug.  20,  1862. 
HeweU,  E.,  d.  May  15,  1862. 


COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  H.  H.  Higgins. 
Gatlin,  Valentine,  d.  Nov.  28,  1861. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  F.  A.  Ragsdale. 

Freeborn,  Isaac,  d.  May  5,  1862. 
Meenack,  R.  T.,  d.  Aug.  29,  1862. 


.Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


;0£ 


Branning,  E.,  d.  May  1, 1862. 
MeCanley,  P.,  d.  May  20,  1SG2. 
Broke,  B.,  d.  June  15.  18f52. 
Miller,  H.  H.,  d.  Aug.  21,  1862. 
Odem,  J.  A.,  d.  May  1,  1862. 
Grant,  John,  d.  June  1, 1862. 


Cruse,  S.  W.,  d.  Dec.  4. 1861. 
Ross,  W.  R.,  d.  Nov.  10, 1861. 
Sim*,  W.  H.,  d.  Nov.  9, 1861. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  John  W.  Walker. 

Onece,  M.,  d.  May  6,  1862. 
Pierce,  G.  W„  d.  July  4,  1S62. 
Peacock,  E.,  d.  May  1,  1802. 
Strickland,  J.  S.,  d.  June  15,  1862. 
Smith,  S.  M.,  d.  May  1,  1862. 
Smith,  John,  d.  April  20, 1662. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  James  W.  Bush. 

I  Stoke?,  J.  E.,  d.  Nov.  11, 1861. 
White,  Wo,  d.  Nov.  8, 1861. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  G.  W.  Whitfield. 
Latham,  Charles,  d.  Nov.  11, 1561.  J  Burns,  J.  E.,  a.  Dec.  3, 1861. 


Morgan,  C.  A.,  d.  Oct,  2, 1861. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Samuel  McCiam. 

|  Jone.s,  William  F.,  d.  Nov.  2,  1861. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  John  Aaron. 
Harrington,  William  J.,  d.  Nor.  30, 1861.  j  Bailey.  Beloved,  d.  Nov.  9,  1861. 

Shelton,  John,  d.  Nov.  12, 1861.  j  Tidwell,  John,  L,  d.  Nov.  7, 1861. 


Cameron,  John,  d.  Oct.  6,  1861. 
Simmons,  T.  J.,  d.  Oct.  30,  1861. 
Thompson,  Marston,  d.  Nov.  10,  1S5L 
Savage,  W.  J.,  d.  Nov.  27,  1861. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  J.  T.  Law. 

Richardson,  Marion,  d.  Nov.  22, 1861 
Mcintosh,  R.,  d.  Nov.  3, 1861. 
Marst,  William,  d.  Nov.  15, 1861. 


Creason,  W.R.,  d.  Nov.  12, 1861. 
Cripper,  David,  d.  May  9,  1862. 
Saddler,  R.  F.,  d.  Sept,  7, 1862.      . 
Anderson,  John.  d.  June  17,1862. 
Cawdry,  Wm,  d.  Jan.  5,  1S62. 
Dawson.  J.  J.,  d.  May  3, 1862. 
Holt,  J.  R,  d.  May  24,  1862. 
Jones,  Jamuel,  d.  June  10,  1862. 
Kincaid,  Benjamin,  d.  Aug.  3, 1862. 


Aldridge,  James,  d.  Dec.  8, 1861. 
Clinch,  John,  d.  Nov.  21,  1861. 


COM  PAN  V  I. 
Captain,  W.  E.  Stewart. 

Martin,  W.  P.,  d.  May  3,  1862. 
Odem,  John.  d.  May  13,  1862. 
Pierson,  Ned,  d.  April  16,  1862. 
Robertson,  F.,  d.  May  5,  1S62. 
Rose,  Wiiliam,  d.  April  5,  1862. 
Rcs«,  B.  F.,  d.  Apr.I.  1862. 
Springer,  A.,  d.  June,  1862. 
Thatcher,  Samuel,  d.  April  29,  1862. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  A.  G.  Hammaek. 

j  Hunter.  John  P.,  d.  Nov.  11,  1861. 
Sutherim,  James,  d.  21,  1861. 


FORTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE   INFANTRY, 

By  James  D.  T;ll.%5an,  Fayetteville,  Tenn. 

This  regiment  was  com  posed  of  two  companies  from  Franklin  count  v,  com- 
manded by  C.  II.  Lean  and  A.  M.  Keith;  four  from  Lincoln  county,  coramaudrd 
hy  Capt.  J.  I).  Scott,  J.  II.  George,  W.  W.  James,  and  John  F.  Fly;  three  from 


510 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Bedford  county,  Capts.  Ab.  S.  Boone,  W.  L.  Brown,  and  B.  Logan;  and  one  from 
the  county  of  Marsh-all,  J.  G.  Osborne,  Captain.  These  companies  numbered  one 
thousand  men,  and  were  organized  into  a  regiment  at  Camp  Trousdale,  November 
26,  1861.  Robert  Farquharson,  who  had  been  a  Major  in  Col.  W,  B.  Campbell's 
regiment  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  was  elected  Colonel;  R.  G.  McCIure.  of  Mar- 
shall county,  Lieutenant-colonel;  T.  G.  Miller,  of  Franklin  county,  Major;  Jacob 
Anthony,  of  Lincoln,  Adjutant;  Arch  Hughes,  of  Bedford,  Quartermaster:  VT. 
W.  McNelby,  of  Lincoln,  Surgeon;  and  T.  B.  McNaughten,  Commissary.  The 
latter  was  killed  on  leaving  the  boat  at  Fort  Donelson  by  a  cannon-shot  tired  by 
one  of  the  Federal  gun-boats. 

From  Camp  Trousdale  the  regiment  went  to  Bowling  Green  on  the  23d  of 
December,  1S01.  From  Bowling  Green  it  went  to  Fort  Donelson,  there  taking 
an  active  part  in  the  fighting,  and  surrendering  with  Gen.  Buekner.  The  privates 
and  non-commissioned  officers  were  sent  to  Indianapolis,  the  line  officers  to  Camp 
Chase,  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  the  field  officers  to  Fort  Warren.  The  line  officers 
were  afterward  sent  to  Johnson's  Island. 

The  men  and  officers  were  exchanged  at  Vicksburg  in  September,  1562,  and 
near  that  place,  at  Clinton,  the  regiment  was  reorganized,  Farquharson  beins? 
reelected  Colonel;  J.  D.  Tillman,  Lieutenant-colonel;  and  T.  G.  Miller.  Major. 
The  company  organization  remained  about  the  same,  J.  R.  Feenby  taking  the  place 
of  Scott  as  Captain,  William  March  of  George,  and  W.  B.  Fonville  of  Capi  Fly. 

After  much,  marching  and  countermarching  in  Northern  and  Central  Missis- 
sippi, the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Port  Hudson  early  in  January,  1833,  where 
it  was  a  silent  spectator  of  the  bombardment  of  the  place  and  the  passage  of  some 
of  the  enemy's  gun-boats. 

The  thunder  of  cannon,  the  sharp  notes  of  steam-whistles,  the  hoarse  hissing 
of  broken  and  punctured  pipes,  were  terrific  to  the  ear;  the  bursting  of  shell 
and  the  blazing  of  fu^es  high  in  air  were  beautiful  to  the  eye,  but  not  a  mar-  was 
killed,  and  the  Forty-first  Regiment  never  afterward  seemed  to  have  any  fear  ox 
cannon  on  land  or  water. 

On  the  2d  of  May  the  regiment  left  Port  Hudson  and  went  by  rail  and  by 
marches  in  the  direction  of  Jackson.  Miss.  It  became  engaged  with  a  large  force 
of  the  enemy  at  Raymond,  where  Capt.  Boone  was  killed,  as  also  Col.  McGavoek 
of  the  Tenth  Regiment.  After  this  the  command  to  which,  the  Forty-firs:  was 
attached  did  some  heavy  fighting  and  a  great  deal  of  severe  skirmishing  at  Jack- 
son; and  the  marching,  which  characterized  the  movements  of  Gen.  Johnston  in 
the  rear  of  Yicksburg  and  on  the  flanks  of  Gen.  Grant,  was  as  severe  and  trying 
as  any  service  which  the  command  had  yet  experienced. 

At  Yazoo  City  the  men  and  officers  disposed  of  a  large  portion  of  their  jewelry, 
consisting  of  watches,  rings,  and  chains,  to  the  ever- vigilant  and  fas-sighted  Jews. 
They  seemed  to  know  that  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  could  be  delayed  only  a 
few  days,  and  then  that  a  ring  of  the  value  of  two  or  three  dollars  would  be 
worth  more  than  two  or  three  hundred  dollars  of  Confederate  money. 

Vicksburg  surrendered  on  the  4th  of  July,  1863,  and  the  Forty-first  Regiment 
was  encamped  during  the  month  of  August  at  Enterprise,  Miss.,  where  it  feasted 
on  peaches  done  in  every  style,  and  played  poker  for  the  money  it  had  received 
for  its  jewelry  at  Yazoo  City. 

On  the  7th  of  September  it  left  by  way  of  Mobile,  and  went  to  the  vicin.ry  of 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        511 


Chickamauga.  It  was  in  the  thickest  of  that  fight,  and  suffered  severely  in  killed 
and  wounded;  Lieut -col.  J-  E>-  Tillman  being  in  command,  Col.  Farquh arson 
haying  been  placed  on  the  retired  list. 

Daring  the  winter  of  1863  and  I8G4,  and  up  to  May,  1864,  it  was  encamped  near 
Dalton,  Ga.  On  the  1st  of  May,  1864,  during  religious  services,  ten  men  were 
killed  by  the  falling  of  a  tree. 

In  the  retreat  on  Atlanta  and  Jonesboro  the  Forty-first  Regiment  did  its  full 
share  of  fighting,  skirmishing,  and  picketing,  and  gladly  thence  followed  Hood  on 
his  disastrous  march  into  Tennessee.  Xo  command  suffered  more  in  the  battle  at 
Franklin. 

The  few  men  and  officers  who  had  survived  battles,  picket  duty,  marches,  and 
disease,  and — if  without  hope,  still  had  pride — returned  to  the  south  side  of  the 
Tennessee  River,  and  in  the  spring  of  1865  surrendered  with  Joseph  E.  Johnston 
at  Salisbury,  Xorth  Carolina. 

In  the  first  consolidation  of  regiments,  reduced  to  battalions,  the  Forty-first  was 
thrown  with  the  Tenth,  and  made  up  as  it  then  was  of  Irish  from  Nashville,  and 
of  men  who  previous  to  their  enlistment  had  many  of  them  never  seen  a  city,  it 
was  as  harmonious  as  if  all  had  been  of  one  nationality.  The  history  of  such  a 
regiment,  composed  of  such  men,  seeking  no  danger  through  love  of  it,  and  shirk- 
ing none  through  fear  of  it.  is  best  found  in  the  fame  of  the  heroes  it  has  aided 
in  making.  Its  brigade  commanders  were  Bushrod  Johnson,  Maney,  Greg?,  and 
Strahl,  and  by  all  it  was  always  commended  for  its  steady  performance  of  every 
duty  required  of  it.  There  was  never  a  feud  among  the  officers,  or  bickerings 
among  the  companies. 

The  Forty-first  Tennessee  was  ever  ready  to  do,  or  to  attempt  to  do,  whatever 
was  ordered,  whether  to  dig  a  ditch  or  cross  one  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  to 
charge  a  battery  or  go  on  picket.  It  lost  more  men  on  picket  than  in  the  charge. 
Its  dead  are  laid  away  in  unmarked  graves  in  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Alabama, 
Georgia,  and  Tennessee,  and  in  the  prison  cemeteries  of  Camp  Douglas,  Camp 
Morton,  Rock  Island,  and  Camp  Chase. 

A  thousand  glorious  actions  that  might  claim 
Triumphant  laurels  and  immortal  fame 
Contused  in  crowds  of  glorious  actions  lie, 
And  troops  of  heroes  undistinguished  die. 

Mem. — One  of  the  most  valuable  sketches  of  Tennessee  iu  the  great  civil  war 
was  brought  out  some  years  since  by  Sumner  A.  Cunningham,  of  Shelbyville,  a  pri- 
vate in  the  above  regiment.  

The  Battle  of  Raymond. 

BY   WIX.LIAM    E.    CUNNINGHAM. 
From  Weekly  Philadelphia  Times,  Nov.  26,  1831. 

The  morning  of  May  11,  1363,  was  bright  and  pleasant.  Our  men,  after  a 
march  of  two  hundred  miles  from  Port  Hudson,  La.,  were  scattered  about  the  camp 
which  we  temporarily  occupied  about  one  mile  north  of  Jackson,  Miss.  Our  ma  reli 
had  been  tedious,  as  Griersons  raid  had  played  sad  havoc  unto  the  railroad  to  New 
Orleans,  a  short  time  before,  leaving  nothing  for  fifty  miles  but  the  hacked  road-bed. 
The  men  were  in  groups,  wandering  about  camp,  or  enjoying  a  cool  plunge  in  the 
grateful  waters  oi  Pearl  River,  which  ran  close  by.     Many  were  the  surmises  as 


512 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


to  our  destination  and  as  to  the  object  of  our  march.  Many  an  eye  gleamed  and 
brightened  as  some  comrade  ventured  the  prophecy  that  we  were  bound  for  Ten- 
nessee, for  our  brigade  was  composed  of  Tennessee  regiments,  save  one.  The  sur- 
mises were  cut  short  by  the  sharp  bugle-blast,  which  sounded  the  assembly.  In  a 
few  minutes  wre  were  ready,  and  a  short  march  brought  us  out  on  the  hill  over- 
looking Jackson.  Halting  to  form,  we  began  the  march  through  the  city.  The 
Forty-first  Tennessee,  Col.  Farquharson  (a  man  who  gained  celebrity  in  Mexico- 
as  Major  of  the  First  Tennessee,  and  who  was  badly  wounded  at  Monterey),  was 
followed  by  the  Third  Tennessee,  Col.  Walker.  Then  came  the  Tenth  Tennessee 
(Irish),  Col.  MeGavoek;  then  the  Thirtieth,  Col.  Head;  the  Fiftieth,  Col.  Sugg, 
and  the  First  Tennessee  Battery,  Major  Colms.  The  rear  was  brought  up  by  Col. 
Granbury,  Seventh  Texas,  all  under  command  of  that  lamented  soldier  and  gen- 
tleman, Gen.  John  Gregg,  of  Texas.  The  column  was  headed  by  the  band  of  the 
Third,  and  it  fell  to  my  lot  to  command  the  advance.  As  we  moved  down  the 
wide  road,  marching  to  the  strains  of  "  The  Girl  I  Left  Behind  Me,"  I  glanced 
back,  and  could  not  restrain  a  feeling  of  pride  in  the  splendid  arrray  of  gallant 
men,  nearly  all  of  whom  I  knewr  either  personally  or  by  regiment.  It  was  a  per- 
fect body  of  men  Gregg  led  through  Jackson  that  lovely  morning,  and  many  a  fair 
hand  on  this  occasion  gave  the  lie  to  the  story  that  Jackson  people  charged  for 
handing  water  to  the  noble  fellows  as  they  filed  by.  The  streets  were  lined  and  the 
Avindows  crowded  as  we  marched  along,  not  knowing  our  destination  till  we  passed 
the  depot  and  took  the  Eiaymond  road.  Raymond  is  the  county-seat,  although. 
Jackson  is  the  State  capital,  and  both  being  in  the  same  county.  We  soon  met 
straggling  cavalry  who  stopped  in  their  mad  flight  long  enough  to  tell  us  of  a  cavalry 
raid  up  from  Grand  Gulf.  We  had  been  itching  for  a  fight,  and  could  not  have 
been  suited  better  than  to  meet  the  raiders.  The  country  was  green  with  growing 
grain,  and  presented  a  peaceful,  happy,  and  contented  appearance.  Xo  sign  of 
war  had  ever  disturbed  the  people  in  their  quietude;  no  thought  of  a  Federal, 
save  as  a  prisoner,  ever  for  a  moment  entered  their  heads.  If  there  were  timid 
ones  they  were  reassured  as  our  army  of  seven  regiments  appeared,  advancing  to 
meet  a  foe  which  we  little  dreamed  was  the  advance  of  Grant's  host.  The  citi- 
zens met  us  kindly  and  wonderingly.  Kaymond  was  peaceful;  Raymond  was 
happy.  No  sound  of  strife  had  yet  reached  that  retired  spot,  which  then  was 
filled  with  refugees  from  other  points.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the  12th  the 
town  was  overrun  with  soldiers,  having  what  we  called  a  ''high  old  time."  In 
the  midst  of  fun,  feasting,  and  coquetting  the  long  roll  sounded,  and  every  man 
answered  promptly.  Gen.  Gregg  moved  through  the  town  very  quietly,  where 
hundreds  of  people  were  eagerly  watching  events,  little  dreaming  of  the  carnage 
to  follow.  He  formed  his  command  with  the  right,  composed  of  the  Forty-first 
Tennessee,  covering  the  Edwards's  Depot  road  and  at  intervals  of  fifty  or  one  hun- 
dred yards  successively,  with  Capt.  Graves's  three-gun  battery  in  the  center  on  the 
Grand  Gulf  road.  This  is  the  same  Captain  Graves  who  mounted  an  old  rusty 
piece  on  wagon-wheels  and  tired  the  first  gun  at  Boonville,  Mo.,  early  in  1861. 
This  battery  was  supported  by  the  Tenth.  We  were  expecting  nothing  but  cav- 
alry, which  we  felt  satisfied  we  could  whip.  Skirmishers  were  advanced  in  the 
thick  black  copse,  and  almost  instantly  the  quiet  was  broken  by  the  crack  of  the 
rifle,  answered  by  the  first  big  gun  in  our  center.  Suddenly  the  jound  of  the  skir- 
misher's rifle  was  lost  amid  the  roar  of  musketry,  while  our  three  pieces  belched 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


and  thundered  defiance  at  the  six-gun  battery  of  the  enemy  on  the  hill  opposite. 
The  force  ot*  the  enemy  was  developed,  and  very  suddenly,  for  from  right  to 
left  along  our  whole  front  of  a  mile  the  battle  opened  at  close  range.  At  this 
juncture  Col.  McGavoqk  advanced  to  charge  the  battery,  supported  by  the  Third. 

Nearly  all  saw  him,  as  with  gallant  bearing  he  led  his  men,  and  as  he  moved  ir- 
resistibly forward,  capturing  four  guns.  Tins  was  as  gallant  a  charge  as  ever  was 
made  against  terrible  odds.  In  the  moment  of  success  the  fiery  McGavock  fell. 
shot  through  the  heart.  Major  Grace  took  command,  only  to  fall  from  a  severe 
wound.  The  fighting  around  the  battery  was  bloody  in  the  extreme.  The  Third 
moved  up  in  support,  and  in  ten  minutes  one  hundred  and  ninety  of  the  five  hun- 
dred comprising  their  number  were  killed  or  wounded.  By  this  time  the  battle 
along  the  whole  line  was  raging  with  incredible  fury.  At  the  one  hundred  and 
thirteenth  round  one  of  Bledsoe's  guns  burst.  Still  we  held  our  ground  and  had 
possession  of  the  captured  guns.  Gen.  Gregg  had  discovered  long  before  this  that 
we  had  encountered  something  heavier  than  cavalry,  and  by  examining  capture! 
prisoners  found  they  represented  eighteen  regiments.  A  whole  corps  was  in  our 
front.  There  was  one  of  two  things  left  us — to  retreat  in  the  face  of  such  num- 
bers, or  to  wait  till  we  were  entirely  surrounded.  IJV  decided  to  retreat,  which  we 
accomplished  successfully,  even  moving  our  shattered  guns  to  Mississippi  Springs, 
six  miles  from  the  batte-field,  where  we  bivouacked  for  the  night.  On  our  retreat 
through  Ilaymond  we  saw  ladies  with  quilts  and  bandages  for  the  wounded,  who 
were  being  cared  for  by  their  tender  hands.  They  would  not  be  persuaded  to 
leave  the  streets,  even  after  the  enemy's  shells  were  flying  and  crashing  through 
houses.  Mournfully  we  took  up  our  line  of  retreat,  bearing  off  our  slightly 
wounded  prisoners,  numbering  two  hundred  and  eighty. 

With  six  thousand  men  Gregg  had  met  the  advance  of  Grant's  army,  and  had 
successfully  resisted  his  advance  in  a  regular  battle  of  eight  hours.  Our  loss  was 
over  ten  per  cent.,  or  six  hundred  and  fifty  men  killed  and  wounded.  The  his- 
tory of  the  war  furnishes  no  instance  where  the  heroic  gallantry  of  Southern  sol- 
diers showed  to  better  advantage.  After  the  lapse  of  eighteen  years  the  memory 
of  Ilaymond,  though  fought  by  a  single  brigade  of  Confederates  against  fearful 
odds,  stands  out  as  one  of  the  most  remarkable  and  hard-fought  battles  of  the  Avar. 
Not  one  of  the  regiment  commanders  is  now  alive,  and  Gregg  himself  fought  his 
last  battle  in  front  of  Petersburg,  and  now  sleeps  with  the  rest.  This  proved  to 
be  the  second  act  in  Pemberton's  grand  drama  of  the  "Fall  of  Vicksburg."  On 
the  10th  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson  was  fought,  Raymond  on  the  12th;  on  the 
15th  that  of  Bakers  Creek,  which  told  the  tale.  Was  it  good  generalship  that 
the  defenders  of  the  city  should  be  divided  and  cut  to  pieces  in  three  separate 
battles  (not  over  twelve  miles  apart)  by  overwhelming  odds? 


OgfciaLi 


FoRTY-riEST  Tennessee  Infantry. 


Color.pl,  Jsirtifs  D.  Tillman;  Lieutenant-colonel,  T.  0.  Miller;  Surgeon,  Samuel  M.  Thomp- 
son; Assistant  Quartermaster,  Archibald  Hughes;  Assistant  Surgeon.  J.  H.  Simmons;  Adju- 
tant, Jake  Anthony. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  William  W.  .Tame.-. 
Carter,  R.  M.,  d.  March  2, 18C2.  |  Little,  Daniel,  d.  March,  t&52. 

Hoats,  \v.  N.,  d.  Dee.  5,  188&  [  Warren,  Thomas,  d.  March,  iscj. 

33 


514 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Warden,  W.  R.,  d.  March,  1862. 
Phelps,  Ephrnira,  d.  March,  18G: 
Jean,  Uriah,  d.  Jan.  1,  b>03. 
Marr,  Henry,  d.  Feb.  20,  1863 
Bagley,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Polhxlc,  Boyer,  d.  Dec.  27,  1862. 
Ren*  gar,  J.  II.,  k.  at  Jackson. 
Carter,  C.  M.,d.  Dee.  20,  1803. 


Neeley,  W.  P,  k.  near  Atlanta. 
Jones,  W.  H.,  k.  near  Jonesboro. 
Scales,  W.  P.,  d.  March  lo,  1864. 

Nance,  J.  B.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge, 
Crumpton,  Jesse,  d.  at  Atlanta. 
Greer,  James,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Richards,  T.  R.,  d.  Oct.  15,  1803. 
Waid.J.  II.,  k.  in  battle. 
Thomas,,  John  N..  d.  Dec.  14,  1862. 


j  Davidson,  R.  J.,d.  Sept.  1.1SG3. 
J  Lane,  J.  K.,  d.  July  15,  1863, 
!  Warren,  E.,  d.  July  1.  186a 
'  Ashley,  W.  A.,  tl.  Ocf.  23,  1863. 

Miles,  W.  C,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 

McClure,  F.  M.,  d.  Aug.  26, 1SG3. 

Bartlett,  Joseph,  d.  May,  1863. 

Btntley,  G.  W.,  k.  near  Atlanta. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  William  L.  Brown. 

i  Allen,  Joseph  V,*.,  March  1,  1803. 
!  Marton,  J.  H.,  d.  April  14,  1863. 
I  Russell,  Capt.  J.  C,  d.  March  1,  1303. 
Stephenson.  R.  F.,  d.  Jan.  3,  1802. 
Solomon,  William,  d.  March  10, 1862. 
Hide,  Charles,  d.  Dec.  24,  1802. 


I  Coleman,  W.  A.,  d.  March  24, 1862. 
{  Allen,  Alexander  D.,  d.  Feb.  23,  1802. 
I  Brown,  Capt.  W.  L.,  d.  March  8,  1862. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  James  D.  Scott. 


Fullerton,  James  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Fulton,  R.  F.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Wiley,  J.  K.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelsoc. 
Gracey,  W.  C,  k.  at  Jackson. 
Stephens,  James  H.,  k.  in  battle. 
Halicock,  B.  F.,  d.  during  service. 
English,  J.  C,  d.  during  service. 
Halicock,  Samuel,  d.  during  service. 
Henderson,  William,  d.  during  service. 


j  Allbrizht,  Man^on,  d.  during  servi^o. 
Canghran,  W.  H.,  d.  Dec.  10,1862. 
Woodard,  A.,  d.  Nov.  2,  1862. 
Reavis,  D.  J.,  d.  Oct  7,  1802. 
Branson,  B.  T.,  d.  Sept.  30,  1862. 
Wright.  J.  P.,  d.  Apr.  25,  1862. 
McTier,  J.  W.,  d.  Feb.  5,  1862. 
Isom,  V.  C,  d.  April  1,  1*62. 
Denuison,  Robert,  d.  Feb.  1, 1SG2. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Joseph  H.  George. 


Downing.  W.  M„  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Alexander,  G.  A.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
March,  W.  J.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Rhodes,  John  W,  k.  at  Port  Hudson. 
Sanders,  Win.,  k.  at  Port  Hudson. 
Phagern,  W.  P.,  k.  at  Port  Hudson. 
Rowell,  James  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Bell,  A.  H.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Bierner,  Charles  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  John  F.  Fly 


Hall,  Jesse  M.  G,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Moore,  Hugh,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
McDougall,  W.  T.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Spray,  W.  L.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Wicks,  Jason,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Wicks,  A.  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
George,  W.  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Gohr,  F.  M.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Bonner,  Thomas  F..  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Harris,  T.  H.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Dyer,  J.  H.,  k.  at  Jackson. 
Stephenson,  J.  H.,  d.  Jan.  7,  1863. 
Haislip,  F.  W.,  d.  June,  1863. 
Welsh,  W.  H.,  d.  May  2,  1863. 
Chesser,  J.  B.,  d.  April  17,  1803. 
Harris,  W.  J.  W.,  d.  Oct.  15,  1863, 


Old,  IT.  C,  d.  at  Corinth. 
King,  E.  C,  d.  Oct.  20,  1862. 
Laud.  M.  B.,  d.  Sept.  18,  1862. 
Moore,  Joseph  G.,  d.  Jan.,  1862. 
McNaugletOD,  T.  B  ,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
McCnmt,  J.  J.,  d.  S^pt.,  1S02. 
Karkins.  J.  A.,  d.  Oct.  5, 1802. 
Chitwood,  William  E.,  d.  Sept.  20,  18<i2. 


Parsons,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Russell.  T.  F.,  k.  ot  Ghieknmaugs 
Cates,  James  P.,  d.  March  6,  1863. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  A.  S.  Boone. 


Henley,  Burrell,  d.  June  28,  1S04. 
Vannoy,  Jesse  V.,  d.  July  27.  1863. 
Streator.  John  P  ,  d.  July  22.  160:5. 


1--. 


J^- 


BRIG;GEN.WlLJLIAMA.QUAiJ!i;S^»  STAFF. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Kolls.         51 


Boone,  Albert  J.,  k.  in  battle. 
Robinson,  Jamea  M.,  d,  Feb.  '. 
Meyers,  A.  F.,  k.  in  battle. 


[Wilson,  H.  A. 
Philpot,  J.  A., 

I 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  C.  H.  Bean. 


■■{.  pris«on«f  ot 
March  2::,  l£6s 


Wiseman,  George  T.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 

McClure,  Wra.  II..  k.  at  Chiokamauga. 
Bo  wen,  Jame?,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Tipps,  Thomas  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Ray,  General,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Gilbert,  R.  T..  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Tipp?,  George  S.,  k.  in  battle. 
Eldridge,  Jesse,  d.  Aug.,  1863. 


Webb,  James,  d.  June  IS,  18ii3. 

Hill,  Richard,  d.  April  13,  1863. 

Hall,  W.  J.,  d.  April  4,1863. 

Church.  George  C,  d.  March  1.  1863 

Wakefield,  C.  H.,  d.  Oct.  14,  1863. 
i  Davis*,  William  C,  d.  Oct.  14, 1803. 
j  Qnall?,  John,  d.  -Ian.  2n,  1SG2. 
i  Metcalfe,  Wilburn,  d.  Dec.  10, 1861. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Robert  G.  McClure. 


Ew:ng,  Robert,  k.at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Tillman,  William  R.  F..  k.  at  Chickamauj 
London,  W.T.,  d.  July  1,  1863. 
McCorkle.  Daniel  B.,  d.  April  8,  1SG3. 
Alexander.  William  R.,  d.  Nov.  23,  1SG3. 
Carrett,  William  S.,  u.  May  27, 13*33. 
Cook.  James  W«  d.  July  21,  1863, 
SneJJ,  Abner  H.,  d.  Jan,  19, 1863. 
Kelly,  Jason  L.,  d.  Jan.  1>.  18*33. 
Job,  Stephen  H.,  d.  Jan.  17,  1863. 
Fowler,  Alexander  C,  d.  Jan.  23,  18*33. 
Cox,  Jackson,  d.  Jan.  25,  1803. 


!  Beck,  Jasper  N.,  d.  Jan.  24,  1$G3. 

j  Haislip,  Andrew  J.,  March  22,  1862. 

I  Robinson,  William  C,  d.  June  4,  1863. 

|  Parks,  Jei  omc,  d.  March  8,  1S62. 

j  Parks,  Thomas  J.  L.,  d.  March  25,  1SGJ 

!  Nix,  William  H„  d.  March  4,  1862. 

!  Mathews,  Marcus  J,.,  cl.  March  3,  1862. 

J  Liles,  Joseph,  d.  May  7,  18*32. 

j  Little,  S.,  d,  March  23,  1862. 

j  Collins,  Willis  H.,  d.  March  15,  1862. 

!  Allen,  J.  R..  d.  Dec.  16,  1861. 


Bradford,  E.,  k.  at  Chickamau^a. 
Carter,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Oliver,  J.  W..  k  :-t  Chickamauga. 
Nason,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Chiekr.m.-uiga. 
Bryant,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Green,  Edward,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Brougham,  William,  k.  in  battle. 


COMPANY  T. 
Captain,  A.  G.  Clopton. 

[  Collins,  Barbee,  k.  in  battle. 
!  Hooper,  William,  d.  Oct.  25,  1863. 
I  Bradford,  Thomas,  d.  Aug.,  1**33. 
Bradford,  Alfred,  d.  Aug.  11,  18C3. 
Crownover,  Starling,  d.  Dec.  15,  1861. 
,  Singleton,  Henry,  d.  Deo.  18,  lS62i 
1  Burk,  Jacob,  d.  Dec.  9,  1862. 


COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  Logan  Littleberry. 

Look,  James  H..  d.  Feb.  21,  1861.  j  Mull  ins,  David,  d.  July  16,  1864. 

Odom,  James  T.,  d.  March  20,  1863.  i  Nobletr,  Wiley  B.,  d.  June  1,  1864. 

Patterson,  Robert  L.,  d.  Aug.  2,  1863.  j  Norman,  James  Y.,  d.  July  31. 1864. 

Rozier,  William  D..  July  1,  186:'..  ;  Norman,  Wm.  G.,  d.  Dec.  31,  1861. 

Campbell,  Thomas  D.,  d.  Dec.  1,  1863.  |  Philpot,  D.  M.  S.,  d.  March  2,  1862. 

Stacey,  R.  J.,  d.  ' 


FORTY-SECOND  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  Thomas  a.  Turner,  Ashland,  Tenn. 

I  may  gay  of  Cheatham  county  what  Polk  G.  Johnson,  in  his  history  of  the 
Forty-ninth,  says  of  Montgomery ;  "  Her  people  were  almost  unanimously  in  favor 
of  preserving  the  Federal  Union,"  until  President  Lincoln  issued  his  call  for 
troops.  The  change  of  feeling  which,  followed,  however,  Was  complete.  After 
this  all  were  for  the  South,  for  secession — men,  women,  and  children. 


!1G  Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


The  company  in  which  I  enlisted  unci  served  (G)  was  organized  when  Governor 
Isham  G.  Harris  made  his  first  call  for  troops,  but  failed  to  get  in,  so  soon  was 
the  order  idled.  We  kept  together,  however,  and  continued  to  drill  once  a  week, 
so  that  when  a  second  call  was  made  we  were  ready,  and  Capt.  (  Dr.)  Isaac  I>. 
Walton  marched  us  over  to  the  railroad  near  Cedar  13 ill.  in  Robertson  county, 
and  we  pitched  our  tents  at  a  place  since  known  as  Camp  Cheatham.  I  think 
this  was  about  the  1st  of  October,  1S01.  In  the  organization  of  our  regiment  we 
had  only  five  companies  of  Tennesseans,  the  other  five  being  Alabamians.  The 
Tennessee  companies  were  commanded  by  Captains  Isaac B.  Walton,  I.  N.  Hulme, 

Levi  MeCollum,  J.  E.  Hubbard,  and Whitfield.     The  Alabama  companies 

were  commanded  by  Captains  John  IT.  Norwood, McCampbell,  Henry  Lead- 
better,  and Gibson. 

We  elected  \V.  A.  Quarles  Colonel;  Isaac  B.  Walton,  Lieutenant-colonel;  and 
Levi  McCollum,  |fajor.  Our  field  officers  were  all  Tennesseans.  Our  Alabama 
companies  expi  essed  some  dissatisfaction  at  this,  so  on  our  arrival  at  Camp  Dun- 
can (fair-grounds,  Clarksville,  Teun.'i  our  Lieutenant-colonel — I.  B.  Walton — 
being  an  honorable,  upright,  Christian  gentleman,  with  great  magnanimity  ten- 
dered his  resignation,  reducing  himself  to  the  ranks,  in  order  that  an  Alabamian 
might  be  chosen  in  his  stead.  His  place  was  conferred  upon  Capt.  John  H.  Nor- 
wood, than  whom  no  man  was  braver. 

We  were  again  removed,  and  stationed  at  Fort  Sevier,  overlooking  Cumberland 
River,  just  below  Clarksville.  On  Thursday,  Feb.  13,  1.8G2,  we  were  ordered  to 
Fort  Donelson,  at  which  place  a  battle  had  already  begun.  This  was  our  first 
engagement.  We  went  down  the  Cumberland  River  on  board  the  steamer  ''Gen- 
eral Anderson,'1  landing  at  Dover  about  2  o'clock  p.m.  amidst  a  shower  of  shells 
from  the  enemy,  in  which  several  of  our  men  were  wounded.  Quarles's  regiment 
was  instantly  ordered  to  the  left  wing  to  support  the  Thirtieth  Tennessee,  which 
was  being  charged  by  the  enemy,  but  before  we  reached  the  scene  of  action  the 
gallant  Thirtieth  had  repulsed  the  foe.  We  were  next  ordered  to  the  right  wing 
to  support  a  battery  commanded  by  Capt.  Green.  At  this  point  the  Federals  had 
made  a  charge,  attempting  to  capture  certain  artillery,  but  were  met  and  driven 
back  by  the  Tenth  Tennessee,  commanded  by  Col.  Heiman.  The  enemy  made  a 
most  desperate  effort  to  capture  this  battery,  and  succeeded  in  dismounting  every 
gun  in  it.  They  also  killed  or  wounded  almost  every  gunner,  together  with  many 
of  the  horses.  After  they  were  repulsed,  we  were  ordered  into  the  ditches,  to  pro- 
tect us  from  shells  and  sharpshooters.  It  was  here  that  we  began  to  understand 
the  seriousness  of  war.  Here  around  us  lay  our  brethren,  mangled,  cold,  stiff] 
death  Among  the  dead  here  I  remember  to  have  noticed  six  of  the  gallant  old 
Tenth.  Soon  night  came  on,  and  with  it  cold  rain,  then  sleet,  then  snow;  and  to 
make  our  distress  complete,  our  men  were  nearly  all  without  coats — the  evening  of 
our  arrival  being  very  warm,  we  were  ordered  to  leave  our  baggage  at  the  wharf, 
which  we  did,  and  never  heard  of  it  again;  hence,  in  this  condition  the  Forty- 
second  Regiment  fought  the  battle  of  Donelson,  and  in  this  condition  they  were 
surrendered  on  the  morning  of  the  IGth  of  February,  1862.  I  simply  state  here 
that  though  Friday  was  a  busy  day  the  enemy  were  repulsed  wherever  they  made 
an  attack,  and  every  Confederate  soldier's  heart  beat  high  iu  anticipation  of  a 
glorious  victory.  Saturday  the  same  feeling  prevailed — I  mean  among  the  pri- 
vate soldiers  (of  v  honi  I  was  one) — and  there  never  was  greater  surprise  in  anv 


Eegimental  Histoeies  and  Memorial  Rolls.        517 

camp  than  in  that  of  the  Ferty-second  Tennessee,  when  it  began  to  he  whispered 
early  Sunday  morning  that  tiie  troops  who  had  fonght  so  hravely  were  to  "pass 
under  the  yoke,"  not  whipped,  but  surrendered; 

In  the  engagement  at  Fort  Donelson  the  Forty-second  had  quite  a  number 
killed  and  wounded.  Being  oniy  partially  acquainted  with  other  companies  than 
my  own,  1  am  not  able  to  give  names.  Our  company  ((-J)  lost  one  killed — George 
Dye,  private.  "Wounded:  G.  W.  Weakley,  Orderly  Sergeant;  J.  E.  Turner,  pri- 
vate.    The  other  companies  suffered,  hut  I  cannot  give  names  or  numbers. 

After  our  surrender  the  privates  were  sent  t<>  Camp  Douglas,  Illinois,  the  offi- 
cers to  Johnson's  Island.  The  privates  were  exchanged  at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  in 
September,  1862;  the  officers  were  exchanged  in  Virginia,  but  soon  joined  us  at 
Vicksburg.  The  regiment  reorganized  at  Clinton,  Miss.,  about  the  last  of  Sep- 
tember, 1862.  W.  A.  Quarles  was  again  elected  Colonel,  and  I.  X.  Hulme  was 
elected  Lieutenant-colonel.  Levi  McCollum  was  reelected  Major.  The  five  Al- 
abama companies  who  had  served  with  us  until  now  were  put  with  Alabama  com- 
panies, and  we  received  five  Tennessee  companies  in  their  stead.  The  Forty- 
second  was  then  composed  of  ten  companies  of  Tennesseans  from  Middle  and 
West  Tennessee. 

From  Clinton  the  Forty-second  journeyed  exactly  as  did  the  Forty-ninth,  to 
which  the  reader  is  referred.  In  Mareh,  1S63,  Col.  Quarles  was  made  Brigadier- 
general,  when,  by  seniority,  Hulme  became  Colonel:  McCollum,  Lieutenant-col- 
onel; and  Hubbard,  Major. 

We  left  Port  Hudson,  La.,  on  the  6th  of  April,  1865,  en  route  for  Jackson,  Miss. 
Thence  we  were  ordered  to  Vicksburg  to  reenferce  Gen.  Pemberton.  We  were 
within  fourteen  miles  of  that  place  when  it  surrendered  .Inly  4,  1863.  ■  We  be- 
gan our  retreat  from  Bird  Song  Pond  on  the  morning  of  the  5th  of  July,  falling 
back  to  Jackson,  at  which  place  we  held  the  enemy  in  cheek  for  several  days. 
We  were  with  Gen.  Loring,  anil  served  under  Gen.  Johnston  in  his  campaign  in 
Mississippi.  We  were  next  sent  to  Mobile,  Ala.;  thence  to  Dalton,  Ga.;  thence 
back  to  Mobile;  thence  to  Mississippi  again. 

Gen.  W.  A.  Quarles  was  now  commanding  our  brigade.  Our  former  command- 
er was  Gen.  S.  B.  Maxey.  of  Texas,  a  gallant  and  chivalrous  oflieer;  and  though 
the  brigade  loved  him  dearly,  yet  they  had  great  satisfaction  in  his  successor,  Gen. 
Quarles,  whom  every  soldier  in  the  brigade  loved  and  served  as  a  son  does  a  la- 
ther. When  off  duty  he  was  '"one  of  us,"  but  when  occasion  demanded  it  he 
was  dignity  itself.  He  was  a  brave  and  brilliant  soldier,  yet  careful  and  prudent; 
wise  in  counsel;  full  of  executive  ability.  Our  division  commander  was  Gen. 
French,  Lieut.-geu.  Polk  commanding  the  corps.  We  went  from  Meridian,  Miss., 
to  Mobile,  Ala.,  being  thence  transferred  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee.  Our  divi>- 
ion  commander  then  was  Gen.  E.  C.  Walthall,  of  Coffeeville,  Miss.,  an  excellent 
officer.  We  were  in  the  engagements  at  New  Hope  Church  in  May,  1S64,  Pine 
Mountain  and  Kennesaw  in  June.  At  Pine  Mountain  Gen.  Polk  was  killed. 
After  his  death  Gen.  Johnston  took  charge  of  the  corps. 

We  were  in  the  engagements  at  Smyrna  Depot,  Peach-tree  Creek,  Atlanta,  and 
Lick-skillet  Road.  At  Peach-tree  Creek  and  Lick-skillet  we  surlered  severely, 
particularly  at  the  latter.  The  battle  of  Franklin,  however,  was  more  destruc- 
tive to  our  regiment  by  far  than  any  previous  battle  had  been.  We  were  only  a 
skeleton  when  the  battle  began.     The  Fortv-secon  I  went  into  that  battle  with 


518  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


about  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  men,  and  came  out  with  about  half  that  n  im- 
ber.  Itore  our  Colonel,  I.  X.  Hulrue,  received  a  wound  from  which  he  never  re- 
covered. 1  would  mention  here  our  Odor-bearer,  an  Irishman  named  Mianey,  a 
man  literally  without  fear.  He  had  his  head  nearly  severed  from  his  body  while 
trying  to  plant  the  fiag  on  the  third  line  of  the  enemy's  works.  To  the  be»«  i  f 
my  recollection,  the  Forty-second  came  out  of  the  battle  of  Franklin  with  about 
eighty-five  men.  The  company  to  which  I  belonged  went  into  the  battle  with 
twenty-seven  nun,  and  came  out  with  thirteen  killed  and  wounded,  eightof  whom 
were  killed  dead  on  the  field.  Our  Brigadier-general,  Quarles,  received  a  severe 
wound  in  the  arm  in  this  battle.  Maj.-gen.  Walthall  had  his  horse  shot  under 
him.  Adjt.-gen.  Stephen  A.  Cowley  was  killed,  with  many  other  brave  and  tr  le 
Teunesseans,  whom  I  would  gladly  mention,  but  cannot  recall  their  names:  >>  1 
'"leave  them  alone  in  their  glory." 

From  Franklin  we  pursued  the  enemy  to  Nashville,  arriving  there  December 
10,  1864.  We  contended  with  the  Federal  forces  there  for  three  days,  but  accom- 
plished nothing,  and  retreated  on  the  20th.  On  this  retreat  I  was  captured  n<_-ar 
Spring  Hill,  Tenn.,  and  sent  to  Camp  Chase,  Ohio.  Was  exchanged  in  March, 
1865,  by  way  of  Richmond,  Vat.  Was  sick  in  a  hospital  at  Greensboro.  X,  C, 
when  the  armies  surrendered.  Hence  my  story  of  the  Forty-second  Teimts>ee 
Infantry  practically  ends  with  the  battle  at  Nashville. 

[Thomas  A,  Turner  was  a  private  in  Co.  G. — J.  B.  L.] 

Quarles's  Brigade. 


Composed  of  the  Forty-second  Tennessee,  Col.  I.  N.  Hulme;  Forty-«ixth  Tenness??.  Col.  R. 
A.  Owens;  Forty-eighth  Tennessee  (Yoorhies's),  Col.  W.  M.  Yoorhies  ;  Forty-eighth  Tenne-^ee 
(Nixon's),,  Col.  H.  G.  Evans;  Forty-ninth  Tennessee,  Col.  W.  F.  Young;  Fifty-third  Ter.-.e.-se^, 
Col.  J.  R.  While;  Fifty-fifth  Tennessee.  Col.  G.  B.  Biack;  Fourth  Louisiana,  Coi.S.  E.  Ranter: 
Thirtieth  Louisiana,  Lieut.-col.  Thos.  Shields;  Fenner's  battery,  Louisiana,  Capt.  C.  E.  Fen- 
ner. 

QfABLES    AND    STAFF. 

Wm.  Andrew  Quarles.  Tennessee,  Brigadier-general ;  date  of  rank.  Aug.  25,  1863.  Raised  a 
regiment  at  Camp  Cheatham,  1861.  Sent  to  Fort  Donelson.  Captured  and  sent  to  prison,  and 
exchanged  in  September,  L862.  Severely  wonnded  twice  at  battle  of  Franklin.  The  hospital 
that  he  occupied  was  afterward  captured  by  the  Federal  army,  and  he  did  not  recover  from 
his  wounds  till  long  after  the  close  of  the  war. 

Thos.  G.  Cox,  iJHtri.-t  of  Columbia,  Capt.  and  A.  A.  G. ;  date  of  rank,  Oct.  1, 1S6.3.  Age  twen- 
ty-six years.    Served  through  war.     Died  since. 

W.  B.  Munford.  Tennessee,  A.  A.  A.  G.     Age  twenty  years.    Killed  at  battle  of  Franklin. 

S.  A.  Cowley,  Virginia,  Capt.  and  A.  I.  G. ;  date  of  rank,  Sept.  9,  1863.  Age  twenty  Tears. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Frank  in. 

T.  L.  Bransford,  Tennessee,  Capt.  and  Ordnance  Off.;  date  of  rank,  Aug.  "2.3,  1863.  S-*rv-?i 
throush  war.     Died  since. 


Ashton  Johnson.  Missouri,  Lieut,  and  A.  D.  C. ;  date  of  rank,  Au<r.  25,  lSt"3.  Age  eighteen 
•  ypars.     Killed  at  battle  of  Lick- skillet  Road,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  July  28,  1801. 

Polk  G.  Johnson.  Tennessee.  Lieut,  and  A.  D.  C. ;  date  of  rank,  July  -JD,  1864.  Age  nineteen 
years.     Wounded  at  Atlanta,  G\.    Served  through  war. 

G.  S.  Atkins,  Tennessee,  Maj.  and  Q.  M.;  date  of  rank,  Aug.  23,  1363.  Died  in  service  j  ist 
before  close  of  war. 

John  Q.Thomas,  Kentucky,  Maj.  and  Com.;  date  of  rank,  Aug.  2">,  \^)Z.  Served  throogb 
war. 

Theo.  "Westmoreland,  Alabama,  Maj;  and  Surg.    Served  through  war. 

The  following  officers  acted  on  the  start'  at  different  times  during  the  war  by  detail : 

A.  F.  Smith.  Tennessee,  Lieut,  and  A.  A.  A.  G.  Detached  from  Forty-ninth  Tennessee  Reg- 
iment,  as  such,  for  some  time.  Served  through  war  on  staff  of  Gen.  E.  C.  WadhaiL  Wonnd- 
ed in  North  Carolina,  186a. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       519 


Clarence  Quarles,  Arkansas,  A.  A.  D.  C.    Served  through  war. 

G.  L.  Hani.*,  Tennessee,  (.'apt..  A.  Q.  M.,  and  Com.    Served  through  war. 

W.  R.  Poindexrer.  Kentucky,  Cant,  and  A.  Com.    Served  through  war. 

James  .M.  Jackson,  Maj.  and  A.  Surg.    Served  through  war. 

R.  S.  Napier,  Ternier-see,  Card,  ruid  A.  Sur.:.     Served  through  war. 

Jas.  Shute,  Louisiana,  CapL  and  A.  A.  t>,  C.     Served  through  war. 

Ed.  Biddeil,  Missouri,  A.  A.  D.  C.    Served  through  war. 

Lieuc.-gen.  A.  P.  Hill,  Third  Corp.-,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  Staff:  Frank  \V.  Green, 
Tennessee,  Capt.  and  A.  C.  S. ;  date  of  rank,  May  17,  liC2.     Surrendered  at  Appomattox. 

Brig.-gen.  I).  C.  Go  van,  Cleburne's  division,  Army  of  Tennessee.  Staff:  W.  S.  Sawrie,  Ten- 
nessee, Adjt.  and  A.  A.  A.  G. ;  date  of  rank,  Sept.,  1863.    Sin  rendered  at  Greensboro,  N.  C. 

To  staff  officers  from  Tennessee:  In  the  volume  which  has  been  so  long  in  preparation.  I 
wish  to  record  each  Tennessean  who  filled  a  staff  po.-ition,  whether  with  a  General  from  Ten- 
nessee or  any  other  State.  This  circular  is  sent  out  as  a  specimen,  so  that  parties  interested 
may  have  an  opportunity  of  furnishing  the  requisite  information. 

On  Jan.  1,  1884,  printing  will  commence.    All  details  should  be  in  by  that  date. 

J.  Bf.rbien  Linpslf.y,  Editor  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Nashville,  Aug.  25,  1883. 

N.  B. — The  above  was  widely  circulated,  but  in  vain.  Will  not  the  friends  of  Tennessee 
Confederate  history  at  once  prepare  such  tables  for  volumes  yet  to  follow? 


Official] 


Forty-second  Tennessee  Infantry. 


Smith,  Robert,  k.  in  battle. 
Foster,  W.  A.,  d.  March  22. 1S63. 
Rhoten,  W.  H.  H.,  d.  Dec.  4,  1862. 
Reynolds,  W.  H.  H..  d.  Oct.  6.  1862. 
Anderson,  W.  J.,  d.  Pec.  12.  1862. 
Avery,  J.  A.,  d.  Nov.  12,  1862. 
Clifton,  W.  R,  d.  June  10,  1862. 
Depositor.  R.  F.,  d.  Aug.  29,  1802. 
Essary,  T.  P.,  d.  May  12,  1862. 
Forsythe,  John.  .1.  Nov.  21,  1S62. 
Forsythe,  Solomon,  d.  Aug.  12,  186! 
Fulton,  J.  W.,  d.  Nov.  29,  1SG2. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  J.  L.  Morphis. 

I  Fulton,  L.  D.,  d.  May  9,  1S62. 
1  Fiowers,  J.  H.,  d.  May  19,  1862. 
i  Gibson,  L.  J.  A.,  d.  Aug.  1. 18(52. 

Kinchen,  A.  J.,  d.  Aug.  28,  1882. 

Magee,  A.  J.,  d.  Jan.  19,  1862. 

Morton.  Benjamin,  d.  July  2d,  1862. 

Ray,  J.E.,  d.  Nov.  25,  18*32. 

Reed,  James,  d.  Oct.  11,  1862. 
i  Richardson,  Berry,  d.  April  18,  18e2. 
I  Surratt,  Jacob,  d.  June  12,  1862, 
|  Willis,  J.  FL,  d.  Jan.  12,  1863. 
|  Welsh,  J.  W.,  d.  March  2,  1862. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Josiah  R.  Hubbard. 


Owing,  Samuel  H.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Carter,  Frank,  k.  at  Perry viile. 
Askins,  W.  W.,  d.  Feb.  9,  1863. 
Boyd,  Wesley,  d.  Feb.  0.  1S6& 
Fox,  George,  d.  Oct.  27, 1863. 
Gilbert,  Webster,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Howe'.!,  Geo.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Jeanes,  Carter,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Millburn,  Oliver  P..  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Roehelle,  John  G.  W.,  d.  March  1862. 
Woods,  Francis  M.,  d. 
Yates,  Major  J.,  d.  May  6,  1863. 


Strong,  L.  H.,  d.  June  10,  1863. 
Baxter,  D.  N.,  d.  Feb.  4.  18C3. 
Brandon,  J.  B.,  d.  May  7,  1863. 
Cranch,  D.  W..  d.  Sept.  5,  1863. 
Foster,  J.  E.,  d.  July  3.  1362- 
Foster,  E.  G.,  d.  April  25,  1862. 
Humphreys.  W.  T.,  d.  Pec.  6.  1862 
Hammer.  T.  B.,  d.  July  4,  1862. 
Harrell,  B.  F.,  d.  June  7, 1862. 
Jones,  J.  H.,  d.  June  7,  1862. 


COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  J.  R.  Farabee. 

Jones,  W.  B..  d.  May  10,  1S62. 

Kuneell,  J.,  d.  Jan.  12.  1863. 

Lemmon,  S.  T.,  d.  Dec.  12.  1862. 

Mize,  W.  H..  d.  May  15.  1863. 

Meacham,  F.  L.,  d.  May  21,  1862. 
!  Moore,  W.  J.,  d.  May  2<\  isr.2. 
!  Patrick,  J.  F..  d.  May  26.  18.y2. 
|  Rodgers,  V.  B„  d.  April  11.  1862. 
J  Randall,  J.  J.,  d.  April  20,  18.12. 
)  Randall,  F.  M.,  d.  April  27,  1862. 


520 


Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


Sawyers,  J.  L.,  d.  March  .'30,  18G2. 
Thompson,  H.  A.,  d.  May  4,  186,3. 
Wiles,  S.  II.,  d.  May,  22,  1862. 


Wiles.  J.  M,  d.  May  5,  1802. 
Wesson,  J.,  d.  March  22,  1862. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  James  M.  Grace. 


Grace,  Cane.  James  M.,  d.  March  3,  18G.:> 
Thearin,  J.  T.,  d.  July  6,  1863. 
Reed,  Wm.,  d.  Aug.  15,  1862. 
McCarter,  W.  M..  d.  May3,  1862. 
Adams,  T.  C,  d.  in  prison. 
Carter,  T.  E-,  d.  Feb.  12,  18G2. 
Eaton,  AY.  M.,  d.  July  1,  1862. 
Erwin,  'I  nomas,  d.  March  10,  1862. 
Freeman,  Thomas,  d.  May  10,  1863, 
Former,  R.  J.,  d.  May  21,  1862. 
Gee.  George,  d.  May  6,  1862. 
Grantham,  J.  B.,  d.  April  3,  1SC2. 
Johnson,  1>.  J.,  d.  Get.  7,  1862. 

Gaph 

McCuuley,  P.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Branning,  E.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Brake.  B.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Cushing,  J.  P.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Cushing,  W.  B. ,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Chance,  A.,  d.  Nov.  21, 18CI. 
Dixon,  C,  u.  March,  1862. 
Fletcher,  J.,  d.  May  6,  18G3. 
Hnekler,  R.  R.,  d.  a  prisoner. 
Haekler,  Hall,  d.  July  28,  1863. 
Jones,  F.,  d.  March  20,  1862. 
Lennings,  W.  P.,  d.  March,  1863. 
Miller,  S.  L.,  d.  a  prisoner. 


Kennedy,  John,  d.  April  16,  1862. 
Reed.  J.  C,  d.  a  prisoner. 
Roach,  Jesse,  d.  March  10,  18G2. 
Ragon,  J.  S.,  d.  Aug.  C,  1862. 
Shannon,  J.  K.,  d.  Feb.  23,  1863. 
Scott,  .Je^e,  d.  June  10,  1862. 
Thearin,  A.,  d.  May  22,  1862. 
Stephenson,  W.  J.,  d.  a  prisoner. 
Tilmon,  J.  S.,  d.  Oct.  31,  1862. 
Thompson,  P.  H.,  d.  May  24,  1862. 
Williams,  J.  N\,  d.  March  30,  1863. 
Webb,  T.  A.,  d. 


COMPANY  E. 

in,  C.  C.  Henderson. 

i  Miller,  E.,  d.  a  prisoner. 


Miller,  W.  H.,  d.  Dec.  8,  1862. 
Morgan,  J.  A.,  d. 

Oglesby,  Wm.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Odam,  J.  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
0"Niel,  M.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Pinner,  G.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
j  Piicher,  G..  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Rankin,  J.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Smith,  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Strickland,  J.  L.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Brown,  W.  E.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Sanders,  T.  G.,  d.  May  11,  ISG2. 
Sutton,  0.  M.,  d.  April  4,  1862. 
Askins,  Lewis,  d.  Oct.  7, 1862. 
Blackweil,  Wm.,  d.  Nov.  12,  1861. 
Baker,  G.  W.,  d.  April  14.  1862. 
Bast'fan,  D.  L.,  d.  March  2o,  1802. 
Bastian,  W.  C,  d.  June  12,  1862. 
Chandler,  .).  N\,  d.  March  0,1862. 
Chandler,  J.  G..  d.  April  12,  1862. 
Chandler,  -T.  M.,  d.  March  17,  1862. 
Coyle,  Adam,  d.  April  7,  1863. 
Cunningham,  S.  M.,  d.  June  14,  1863. 
Groves,  David,  d.  Oct.  22,  1863. 


COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  B.  F.  Coleman. 

Hughes,  W.  A.,  d.  Sept.  13,  1863. 
Hutcherson,  J.  M.,  d.  Aug.  23,  1863. 
Jones,  John.  d.  Nov.  IS,  1861. 
Lowe,  Cyrus,  d.  June  30,  1SG2. 
Murphy,  A.  S.  D.,  d.  Nov.  0,  1SG2. 
Morrison,  T.  B.,  d.  Aug.  17,  1862. 
Richardson,  Rufus,  d.  Oct.,  1862. 
Michael,  Wm.,  d.  May  13,  1862. 
Morrison,  A.  J.,  d.  Feh.  17,  1862. 
Sparks,  Jes^e,  d.  March  1,  1862. 
Sawyers,  James,  d.  March  14,  1SG2. 
Vernon,  John,  d.  April  11,  1SG2. 
Vick,  T.  W.,  d.  June  2,  1S62. 


Dve,  G.  H.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Fambrough,  W.  H.,  d.  Aug,  24,  1862 
Hogan,  G.  F.,  d.  April  12,  1862. 
Jones,  Wm.,  d.  March  28, 1SG3. 
Jackson,  H.  E.,  April  2.  1862. 
Johnson,  J.  S.,  d.  Feh.  28,  1863. 
MeDaniel,  Thomas  d.  An-  30,  1862 
MeDaniel,  Wm  ,  d.  Jan..  1862. 
Miles,  M.  I...  <1.  Oct.  20,  1862. 
Noblitt,  S.  O.,  d.  Aug.  2G.  1803. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  G.  M.  Purdue. 

Pickering,  W.  P.,  d.  Jan.  30.  1S63. 
Stack,  W.  H.,  d.  April  26.  1862. 
Smith,  W.  J.,  d.  Jan.  5,  18C3. 
Smith.  A.,  d.  April  12,  1863. 
Srecasky.  F.  M..  d.  Feb.  5,  1863. 
Frawler,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  2\  1863, 
Weaklev,  R.  L.,  d.  Oct.  15,  1863. 
Weakley,  J.  W.,  d.  June  10,  1862. 
Weakley,  \V.  E.,  d.  June  6,  1^62. 


Kegtmental  Histotiies  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


Moore,  J.  H.,  d.  Feb.  To.  1863. 
Sunderland,  Levi.  d.  Oct.  4.  1863. 
Kirklaud,  Aaron,  d.  March  11.  1-Stjrj. 
Rice,  Stephen,  d.  March  3,  1863. 


Flayer,  W„  d.  Dee.  S.  18G2, 
MeacUoW,  C.  d.  June  12,  ISC: 
Kelley,  R..  d.June  1, 18fii 
Bursfc,  L.  A.,  k.  in  brittle. 
Cockran,  M.,  d.  Oet.  4,  1861. 


COMPANY  II. 

Captain,  W.  P.  McCoIlura. 

Robert?,  Elijah,  d.  Aug.  28, 1863. 
McKmney,  Eli,  d.  Feb.  13,  1861. 
Fowler,  T.  J.,  d.  Feb.  -20,  1861: 
Page,  John,  d.  April  11,  1862. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  G.  \V.  Lovett. 

Conner?,  J.,  d.  Aug.  2,  1862. 
Jackson,  W.,  d.  June  12,  18G2. 
Mate,  D.,  d.  Sept.  29,  1861. 
Sparks,  J.,  d.  Oet.  21,  1862. 
Shungrough,  J.,  d.  Aug.  14,  1SC2. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  Isaac  N.  Hulme. 


Dobbs,  Hugh,  d.  Aug,  1SG2. 
Dixon,  Alexander  B.,  d.  April  22,  lsG3. 
Hensley,  James  B,  d.  April,  1862. 
Erakefieid,  Lemuel,  d.  Dec.  12,  1863. 
Gate*,  John  H.,  d.  March  14,  1SG3. 
Clayton,  Win,  d.  Dec.  3,  1861, 
Depriest,  James,  d.  Feb.  26,  1SG3. 
Evan?,  Geo.  W.,  d.  June,  1SG3. 
Herrington,  \V.  H,  d.  Feb.  4, 18G2. 


Hensley,  E.  T.  D,  d.  Aug,  1S62. 
Harden,  Thomas  II.,  d.  Dec.  19,  1S61. 
Hunt,  Joel,  d.  March,  1862. 
Randall,  J.  C.,  d.  Aug.  0,  1862. 
Spurlock,  John,  d.  April,  1SG'2. 
Sharp,  Levi,  d.  March,  1S62. 
Stanley,  J.  A.  V,",  d.  Sept.  14,  18G2. 
Ward,  H.  G.,  d.  April,  1862. 
Ward,  Thomas  D,  d.  April,  1862. 


FORTY-THIRD  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  J.  N.  Aiken. 

When  the  State  of  Tennessee  determined  to  raise  a  provisional  army  to  resist 
what  our  people  considered  Federal  aggression,  Governor  Harris  appointed  Brig> 
gen.  Caswell,  with  Maj.  I).  M,  Key,  of  Hamilton  county,  as  Assistant  Adjutant- 
general,  and  the  Hon.  James  W.  Gillespie,  of  Rhea  county,  as  Assistant  Inspect- 
or-general, to  organize  the  regiments  to  be  raised  in  East  Tennessee.  These 
troops  were  turned  over  to  the  Confederate  authorities  when  Tennessee,  in  June, 
1861,  became  a  member  of  the  Confederacy.  Then  Gillespie  and  Key  determine  i 
to  raise  a  regiment  of  their  own,  and  for  this  purpose  associated  with  themselves 
Capt.  Lawson  Guthrie,  oi^  Hamilton  county.  Gillespie  had  served  as  Major  ot* 
cavalry  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  Guthrie  had  served  as  Captain  of  infantry, 
,Eaeh  of  them  had  distinguished  himself  in  more  than  one  battle  during  that 
great  war,  and  each  of  them  was  brevetted  for  gallantry  at  Cerro  Gordo.  After 
the  Mexican  war  Gillespie  was  elected  Major-general  of  militia  for  the  divisi  >n 
of  East  Tennessee,  served  several  terms  as  representative  of  his  people  in  the 
Legislature,  and  was  one  of  the  most  popular  and  influential  men  in  the  Stale. 
Guthrie,  after  the  Mexican  war,  settled  quietly  down  on  his  farm,  and  was  an  em- 
inent example  of  that  good  citizenship  which  the  American  soldier  always  exhib- 
its. He  was  disabled  by  wounds  at  Yicksburg,  and  retired  from  the  serviee.  and 
Capt.  W.  II.  McKamy  was  promoted  Major  in  his  stead. 

A  short  time  after  the  organization  of  the  regiment  President  Davis  tendered 
Col.  Gillespie  a  Ihiiradier-general's  commission;  but  he  would  not  leave  his  be- 
loved regiment,  and  marched  home  at  the  head  of  its  few  surviving  veterans,  in 


522 


Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


May,  1865,  having  received  but  one  slight  wound  during  the  entire  war.  It  is 
but  just  to  state,  however,  that  during  the  last  eighteen  months  of  the  war,  Gen. 
Vaughn  being  in  command  of  a  division  of  cavalry,  Col.  Gillespie,  as  senior  Col- 
onel, commanded  Vaughn's  brigade;  Capt.  J.  N.  Aiken,  as  senior  Captain,  during 
this  time  being  in  command  of  the  Forty-third  Regiment.  Col.  Gillespie  during 
this  period — which  embraced  the  battle  of  Piedmont,  Gen.  Early's  celebrated  raid 
on  Washington  City,  and  his  active  campaign  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia  during 
the  summer  and  fall  of  1864,  of  which  much  will  hereafter  be  said — exhibited  on 
all  occasions  his  eminent  fitness  for  a  higher  command,  had  he  desired  promotion. 
As  these  two  gallant  officers  and  beloved  comrades  have  since  the  war  quietly  and 
peacefully  u passed  over  the  river  to  rest  under  the  shade  of  the  trees,"  I  have 
thought  it  not  inappropriate  to  say  this  much  of  them  here. 

Judge  Key,  of  whom  T  shall  have  more  to  say  hereinafter,  is  still  in  the  prime 
and  vigor  of  his  usefulness,  and,  having  a  national  reputation,  it  would  be  super- 
fluous for  me  to  speak  of  his  eminent  qualification  for  the  undertaking  he  entered 
into  with  Gillespie  and  Guthrie  in  the  summer  of  1SG1.  Nor  will  it  be  hard  to 
persuade  the  reader  that  the  efforts  of  these  three  men  soon  resulted  in  raising  a 
regiment  that  they  were  proud  to  command.  The  regiment  was  organized  in 
November,  1861,  by  the  election  of  James  W.  Gillespie,  Colonel;  D.  M.  Key, 
Lieutenant-colonel;  and  Lawson  Guthrie,  Major.  S.  A.  Key  was  appointed  Ad- 
jutant; Dr.  L.  Y.  Green,  Surgeon;  A.  C.  Day,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  and 
Thomas  L.  Wallace,  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence. 

The  regiment  was  composed  of  the  following  companies: 

Co.  A:  Captain,  John  Goodman;  from  Polk  county. 

Co.  B:  Captain,  A.  J.  Cay  wood;  from  Rhea  county. 

Co.  C:  Captain,  J.  D.  Hill;  from  Bledsoe  county. 

Co.  D:  Captain,  A.  W.  Hodge;  from  Meigs  county. 

Co.  E:  Captain,  John  Phillips;  from  Hawkins  county. 

Co.  F:  Captain,  Sterling  Turner;  from  Koane  county. 

Co.  Gr:  Captain,  James  Neff;  from  Jefferson  county. 

Co.  H:  Captain,  W.  L.  Lafferty;  from  McMinn  county. 

Co.  I:  Captain,  W.  H.  MeKamy;  from  Bradley  county. 

Co.  K:  Captain,  J.  X.  Aiken;  from  Hamilton  county. 

Kev.  A.  T.  Brooks,  of  the  Holston  Conference,  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
South,  was  appointed  Chaplain;  and  no  soldier  discharged  his  duty  more  faithful- 
ly than  this  man  of  God,  who  ministered  to  the  wounded,  sick,  and  dying,  on  all 
occasions,  as  gently  and  kindly  as  a  good  woman  would  have  done. 

The  regiment  did  guard  duty  at  the  bridges  along  the  East  Tennessee,  Virgin- 
ia, and  Georgia  railroad  during  the  winter  and  spring  of  1S61  and  LSf>2.  At  the 
reorganization  of  the  regiment  in  May,  1862,  the  field  officers  were  reelected,  and 
the  following  changes  were  made  in  the  staff  and  company  officers:  Dr.  A.  W. 
Hodge  was  appointed  Surgeon,  instead  of  Dr.  Green,  resigned:  Lieut.  John  Tom- 
kins  was  elected  Captain  of  Company  A;  Lieut.  Alexander  Robinson  was  elected 
Captain  of  Company  C;  Lieut.  Richard  Pinion  was  elected  Captain  of  Company 
D;  Lieutenant  Joseph  Huffmaster  was  elected  Captain  of  Company  E;  Lieut 
Win.  Wiseman  was  elected  Captain  of  Company  G:  and  Lieut.  Thomas  Bryant 
was  elected  Captain  of  Company  H. 

The  left  wing  of  the  regiment,  under  command  of  Lieut.-col.  D.  M.  Kev,  in 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       523 

June,  1862,  was  sent  to  report  to  Brig.-gen.  Ledbettcr,  at  Chattanooga,  to  resist  a 
raid  of  the  Federals  then  advancing  on  that  place;  and  alter  they  retreated  the 
whole  regiment  was  assembled  at  Charleston,  where  for  two  months  it  was  kept 
under  the  strictest  military  discipline,  and  daily  exercised  in  battalion  drill  by 
Lieut.-eol.  IX  M;  Key,  and  his  brother,  Adjutant  S.  A.  Key,  who  were  eminently 
qualified  for  these  important  duties.  In  August,  1862,  the  regiment  was  ordered 
to  Castlewood,  Russell  county,  Va.,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  Gen.  Humphrey  Mar- 
shall's brigade,  which  in  a  short  time  entered  Kentucky  through  Pound  Gap,  and 
joined  Gen.  Bragg's  army  at  M?t.  Sterling.  The  ladies  of  Mt.  Sterling  presented 
the  regiment  with  a  beautiful  stand  of  regimental  colors,  whieh  was  received  by 
Lieut.-col.  D.  M.  Key,  in  an  eloquent  and  graceful  speech.  The  regiment  was  in 
all  of  the  movements  of  Bragg's  army  in  Kentucky,  doing  much  hard  service,  bat 
was  in  no  important  engagement.  Retreating  through  Cumberland  Gap  to  Le- 
noir's Station,  on  the  East  Tennessee,  Virginia,  and  Georgia  railroad,  a  large 
number  of  the  men  were  sent  home  on  furlough  for  a  few  days  to  get  winter  cloth- 
ing, preparatory  to  our  transfer  to  Vicksburg.  On  the  22d  of  December  the  regi- 
ment took  the  cars  for  Vicksburg,  and  arrived  there  on  the  first  day  of  January, 
1S63,  where,  with  the  Third,  Thirty-fir^t,  and  Fifty-ninth  Tennessee  regiments, 
it  was  assigned  to  duty  under  command  of  Brig.-gen.  A.  W.  Reynolds,  as  the 
fourth  brigade  of  Stevenson's  division.  These  four  regiments  remained  in  the 
same  brigade  until  the  close  of  the  Avar;  and  when  I  hereinafter  speak  of  the  bri- 
gade they  will  be  referred  to.  The  brigade  was  immediately  marched  to  Chicka- 
saw Bayou,  where  Sherman  was  attempting  to  effect  a  landing,  but  after  some 
skirmishing  the  Federals  retreated,  and  the  brigade  moved  down  six  miles  below 
Vicksburg  and  went  into  camp.  Here  we  remained,  drilling,  doing  picket  duty 
along  the  Mississippi,  and  building  fortifications  at  Warrenton,  ten  miles  below 
Vicksburg,  until  the  1st  of  May,  when  we  were  ordered  to  Port  Gibson,  forty  miles 
below  Vicksburg,  where  Grant  had  effected  a  landing  the  day  before;  but  the  bat- 
tle hail  been  fought  before  we  got  there,  and  we  met  our  army  falling  back  to  the 
Big  Black  River.  The  regiment  was  in  the  battle  of  Baker's  Creek,  or  Champion 
Hill,  and  did  important  service  as  rear-guard  of  our  army  on  the  retreat  into 
Vicksburg.  It  also  served  as  rear-guard  to  Stevenson's  division  as  our  army  fell 
back  across  the  Big  Black,  in  its  retreat  from  Port  Gibson;  and  at  this  point 
Lieut.  C.  J.  Ewing,  of  Company  K,  who  was  in  command  of  a  small  company  of 
sappers  and  miners,  in  the  face  of  a  terrific  fire  from  the  advance-guard  of  the 
enemy,  cut  up  and  destroyed  the  pontoon  bridge  upon  which  our  army  had  just 
crossed  the  river.     It  was  a  daring  act,  gallantly  performed. 

The  regiment  fell  baek  into  Vicksburg  on  Sunday,  the  17th  of  May,  it  being 
the  last  or  extreme  rear-guard  of  our  army.  The  Federals  threw  their  forces 
around  the  city  that  night  and  the  next  day,  and  the  siege  began. 

Our  division  comprised  about  one-third  of  Pemberton's  army.  Our  regiment 
and  Wall's  Texas  Legion,  composed  of  fifteen  hundred  as  brave  troops  as  the  Lone 
Star  State  ever  sent  to  war,  were  assigned  to  duty  as  a  reserve  for  our  division. 
This  was  the  post  of  lienor,  as  we  were  to  support  any  weak  point  on  the  line  of 
our  entire  division.  On  the  2'2d  of  May  the  enemy  massed  their  forces  and  as- 
saulted our  lines.  Our  regiment  was  sent  to  support  Gen.  Stephen  P.  Lee's  bri- 
gade. The  enemy  was  driven  back  with  <;reat  slaughter.  Our  loss  was  not  heavy, 
but.  among  the  killed  was  Capt.  Sterling  Turner,  of  Company  F,  as  gallant  an  ofii- 


d±  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


cor  and  as  pure  a  patriot  as  ever  drew  his  sword  in  defense  of  Ida  country.  He 
was  succeeded  in  command  by  his  gallant  young  Lieutenant,  Clere  Jones.  Onr 
Assistant  Surgeon,  W.  B.  Johnson,  who  was  a  universal  favorite,  received  a  mor- 
tal wound  while  caring  for  the  wounded  and  dying.  Our  able  and  efficient  Lieut.- 
col.  I>-  M.  Key,  was  also  wounded,  and  before  he  recovered  from  his  wound  was 
stricken  down  with  malarial  fever,  from  the  serious  and  debilitating  effects  of 
which  he  did  not  recover  until  long  after  the  war  was  over.  This  was  an  irrep- 
arable loss.  He  had  drilled  and  disciplined  the  regiment,  and  made  it  one  of 
the  best  commands  in  tiie  whole  Southern  army.  Had  his  health,  permitted  him 
to  remain  in  the  active  service,  he  would  unquestionably  have  greatly  distin- 
guished himself. 

During  the  remainder  of  the  siege  the  regiment  was  kept  on  outpost  duty, 
which  was  very  hazardous,  and  resulted  in  frequent  attacks  by  our  command  up- 
on some  one  of  the  enemy's  outposts,  or  their  attack  upon  ours.  In  these  daring 
attacks — all  of  which  were  made  after  night — the  Forty-third  lost  many  good  of- 
ficers and  men.     Two  of  these  outpost  raids  are  worthy  of  special  mention. 

On  the  night  of  the  21st  of  June  Cant.  A.  J.  Cawood,  with  fifty-nine  men,  being 
part  of  his  own  company  (B)  and  part  of  Capt.  Wiseman's  company  (G),  was  or- 
dered to  take  an  intrenched  outpost  in  front  of  Col.  Barkaloo's  Georgia  regiment, 
Stevenson's  division.  They  took  it,  but  an  overwhelming  force  of  the  enerav 
compelled  them  to  abandon  it.  Of  the  fifty-nine  men  who  went  out  to  take  the 
post,  twenty-three  were  killed  and  wounded.  Among  the  number  was  the  gallant 
Cawood  himself,  who  received  a  mortal  wound.  Lieut.  Cruikshanks  was  killed, 
and  Capt.  "Wiseman  received  a  painful  wound  in  the  arm.  On  the  following  night 
Capt.  W.  H.  McKamy,  of  Company  I,  with  forty-seven  men,  was  ordered  to  take 
the  same  post,  and  fill  up  the  enemy's  trenches.  They  succeeded,  but  twenty- 
seven  of  the  forty-seven  men  were  killed  and  wounded.  Among  the  number  was 
the  courageous  McKamy  himself,  who  received  a  terrible  wound  in  the  left  shoul- 
der and  arm  which  disabled  him  during  the  remainder  of  the' Avar,  and  from 
which  he  has  never  fully  recovered. 

But  in  a  short  sketch  like  this  it  is  impossible  to  portray  the  history  of  the  reg- 
iment during  the  activities,  hardships,  and  dangers  of  the  siege.  Suffice  it  to  say 
that  the  regiment  entered  Vicksburg  with  more  than  nine  hundred  effective  men 
and  less  than  half  that  number  answered  to  the  roll-call  when  it  was  exchange  I. 
The  siege  had  killed  and  disabled  more  than  half  of  as  gallant  a  command  as  any 
that  made  the  Southern  army  famous.  Our  flag — the  beautiful  banner  that  the 
fair  women  of  Mount  Sterling,  Ky.,  had  given  us — had  nine  hundred  and  seventy- 
two  bullet-holes  in  it  when  we  surrendered.  When  the  brigade  was  exchanged 
Brig.-gen.  J.  C.  Vaughn  was  assigned  to  its  command,  and  it  was  ordered  to  re- 
port to  him  at  Decatur,  Ga.  In  September  it  was  with  Stevenson's  division  or- 
dered to  reenforce  Longstreet's  army,  then  besieging  Knoxville;  but  the  siege  was 
raised  the  night  we  reached  Knoxville,  and  our  brigade,  as  rear-guard  to  Ste- 
venson's division,  passed  on  into  upper  East  Tennessee.  At  Rogersvilie  the  brigade 
was  detached  from  Stevenson's  division,  and  Gen.  Vaughn  was  left  in  command 
of  upper  East  Tennessee. 

On  the  23d  of  December,  Gen.  Vaughn  received  orders  to  mount  his  brigade. 
Every  East  Tennesson  is  at  home  on  a  horse,  and  this  order  was  received  with 
great  rejoicing.     This,  however,  was  a  slow  process,  as  both  armies  had  occupied 


[Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


-yj.) 


the  country  and  good  horses  were  scarce;  but  by  spring  nearly  all  of  the  com- 
mand was  well  mounted.     During  the  winter  and  spring  of  1863-64  the  regiment 

was  engaged  in  outpost  duty  in  upper  East  Tennessee,  and  met  the  enemy  in 
many  skirmishes,  in  which  several  good  men  lost  their  lives,  hut  was  in  no  im- 
portant engagements.  On  the  first  of  May  the  brigade  was  ordered  to  leave  its 
horses  in  Sooth-west  Virginia  and  report  to  Brig. -gen.  W.  E.  Jones,  at  Staunton, 
who  was  sept  there  to  meet  Hunter,  then  advancing  up  the  valley.  Gen.  Jones 
made  a  stand  at  Piedmont,  where  with  four  thousand  dismounted  and  badly  armed 
cavalry  and  a  few  hundred  raw  Virginia  militia  he  met  Hunter  and  so  crippled 
his  well-organized  army  of  ten  thousand  men  of  all  arms  that  lie  never  attempted 
to  meet  the  Confederates  in  another  engagement;  but  it  cost  the  gallant  Jones 
and  many  of  his  best  officers  and  men  their  lives.  The  brigade  retreated  to  Lynch- 
burg, where  it  was  assigned  to  duty  in  Gen.  J.  C.  Breckinridge's  division,  which 
was  then  at  Lynchburg. 

The  morning  after  our  arrival  at  Lynchburg  our  division  had  some  heavy  skir- 
mishing with  the  enemy  four  miles  from  that  place.  Gen.  Early  appeared  on 
the  scene  the  next  morning,  and  the  enemy  retreated  down  the  Virginia  and  Ten- 
nessee railroad.  Our  army  followed  them  by  forced  marches  to  Salem.  There 
they  turned  across  the  mountain,  and  our  army  moved  on  down  the  valley,  ami 
passed  through  Staunton  on  June  23.  This  was  the  beginning  of  Early's  celebrated 
raid  on  "Washington  City  and  subsequent  campaign  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia  dur- 
ing the  summer  and  fall  of  1SG4,  which  he  has  so  graphically  described  in  his  his- 
tory of  his  corps  during  the  last  year  of  the  war.  The  limits  of  this  sketch  will  not  per- 
mit me  to  detail  the  history  of  the  regiment  during  this  celebrated  campaign.  Suf- 
fice it  to  say  that  the  regiment  moved  with  Early's  army,  and  with  it  advanced  on 
Washington  Citv,     We  recrossed  the  Potomac  on  two  other  occasions,  to  bring  out 


We  were  in  the  battles  at  Monoeaey,  Winchester,  Kernstown,  Eishersville,  Cedar 
Creek,  White  Post,  Martinsburg,  and  Darksville.  This  latter  was  a  cavalry  fight, 
in  which  our  brigade  was  pitted  against  five  times  its  number;  and  it  is  but  justice 
to  state  that  if  it  had  not  been  for  the  coolness  and  bravery  of  Adjt.  S.  A.  Key, 
who  was  acting  as  chief  of  staff,  our  entire  command  would  have  been  surrounded 
and  captured.  On  all  occasions  he  proved  himself  to  he  a  cool-headed,  brave, 
efficient  officer,  and  to-day  has  the  highest  respect  and  affection  of  every  survivor 
of  the  command.  I  should  have  heretofore  stated  that  our  horses  were  brought 
to  us  at  Winchester  on  Early's  return  from  Maryland,  and  that  during  the  re- 
mainder of  his  campaign  we  served  as  cavalry.  We  were  in  many  spirited  skir- 
mishes besides  the  regular  battles  and  engagements  above  mentioned;  for  Sher- 
idan's cavalry  outnumbered  Early's  three  to  one,  and  we  were  kept  constantly 
on  duty,  and  everywhere  and  on  all  occasions  our  regiment  sustained  its  well- 
earned  reputation  for  gallantry  and  coolness  in  action. 

The  reader  will  pardon  me  for  digressing  here  to  pay  a  passing  tribute  to  a 
dear  friend  and  gallant  orlb'er.  I  have  said  that  from  the  beginning  of  the  valley 
campaign  to  the  close  of  the  war,  Gen.  Vaughn  being  in  command  of  a  division 
of  cavalry,  Owl.  Gillespie,  as  senior  Colonel,  commanded  Vaughn's  brigade,  and 
Capt.  J.  N.  Aiken,  as  senior  Captain,  commanded  Gillespie's  regiment.  But  this 
is  not  literally  true;  for  Col.  Gillespie  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  White  Post, 
and  disabled  for  near  two  months.     During  that  time  Col.  Onslow  Bean,  of  the 


526  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Sixteenth  Tennessee  Battalion,  as  senior  officer,  commanded  Vaughn's  brigade. 
This  was  during  a  very  active  part  of  the  campaign,  and  Col.  Bean  proved  him- 


self to  be  an  officer  of  great  resources.  Brave,  prudent,  vigilant,  he  handled  his 
little  brigade  with  consummate  skill  and  ability.  This  gallant  officer  was  killed 
at  the  head  of  his  battalion  at  Marion  Va.,  in  December,  1864,  while  resisting  an 
overwhelming  number  of  the  enemy. 

Returning  to  the  department  of  East  Tennessee,  the  regiment,  with  the  other 
regiments  of  the  brigade,  fell  under  command  of  Gen.  Breckinridge  as  depart- 
ment commander.  He  had,  however,  a  mere  skeleton  of  an  army,  of  which 
Vaughn's  mounted  infantry  was  by  far  the  largest  part.     On  the  28th  of  October 


s 

our  brigade  met  at  Morristown  a  cavalry  force  of  twice  our  number,  under  Brig.- 

gen.  Gillem,  and  was  driven  back  in  some  confusion,  with  a  loss  of  one  hundred 
and  sixty-five  men  killed,  wounded,  and  captured.  On  the  loth  of  November  fal- 
lowing, Gen.  Breckinridge  attacked  the  same  command  at  Russellville  and  stam- 
peded it,  capturing  eighty  wagons,  six  pieces  of  artillery  with  the  horses  hitched 
to  them,  and  about  six  hundred  men,  driving  them  pell-mell  to  Newmarket,  twen- 
ty miles  down  the  valley.  The  Federals  were  all  East  Tennesseans,  and  outnum- 
bered our  command  two  to  one,  but  our  victory  was  complete.  This  was  a  night 
attack,  and  was  the  last  serious  conflict  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  during  the 
war. 

During  the  rest  of  1864  the  regiment  Avas  on  outpost  duty  in  upper  East  Ten- 
nessee. In  the  early  part  of  March,  1805,  Gen.  Stuneman  moved  on  our  little 
army  with  an  overwhelming  force.  We  fell  back  into  South-west  Virginia,  and 
had  numerous  skirmishes  with  the  enemy  until  the  11th  of  April,  when  at  Chris- 
tiansburg,  Va.,  we  learned  that  Gen.  Lee  had  surrendered.  Most  of  the  brigade 
determined  to  cross  the  mountain  and  join  Gen.  Johnston's  army  in  North  Caro- 
lina. Every  man  was  left  to  choose  his  own  course,  but  nine-tenths  of  Vaughn's 
brigade,  and,  as  now  recollected,  every  man  of  the  Forty-third  Regiment,  elected 
to  cross  the  mountains  and  join  Johnston.  At  Charlotte  we  found  President  Davis 
and  his  Cabinet.  We  followed  him  as  an  escort  to  Washington,  Ga.,  where  in  May, 
1865,  we  were  paroled,  and  the  next  day  started  back  home,  with  our  gallant  and 
beloved  Colonel  as  our  leader.  As  now  recollected,  there  were  only  one  hundred 
and  twenty-three  men  rank  and  file  paroled  on  that  sad  day.  Most  of  them  had 
neither  seen  nor  heard  from  their  families  for  more  than  a  year.  They  had  crone 
to  the  war  from  a  section  where  a  large  majority  of  the  people  were  Unionists. 
They  were  the  remnant — or,  rather,  the  survivors — of  a  command  that  in  1861 
numbered  more  than  a  thousand  men;  but  they  had  been  true  to  their  convictions, 
and  since  the  war  every  member  of  the  grand  old  regiment  has  made  a  good  citi- 
zen. 

This  ends  my  sketch  of  the  Forty-third  Tennessee  Regiment — a  gallant,  noble 
body  of  loyal  and  true  men,  who  did  their  whole  duty  in  times  that  tried  men's 
souls.  L  regret  that  the  total  loss  of  our  regiment  records  makes  it  impossible  to 
give  a  list  of  those  who  were  killed  or  wounded  in  battle  or  died  in  the  service; 
but  their  valiant  conduct  will  ever  be  remembered  bv  those  who  survived  them. 


.Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


D^i 


Official]      Field  and  Staff,  Forty-third  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  James  W.  Gillespie;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  David  M.  Key;  Major,  Lavrson  '"; 
Surgeon,  L.  Y.  Green;  Assistant  Surgeon,  E.  D.  Gilbert;  Adjutant,  S.  A.  Key;  Aseistai  t  Q  .  tr- 
termaster,  Addison  C.  Day;  Assistant  CqittHiissary,  T.  L.  Wallace;  Chaplain,  A.  T.  Brook-. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captains:  John  Goodman  and  John  Tonkin. 
Morgan,  Samuel,  d.  Pec.  10,  I86l.  |  Brank,  J.  J.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Vicksburg,  Miss., 

Donner,  Aaron,  d.  March  IG,  1862.  j     June  10,  1863. 

Higdon,  E.  C,  d.  April  22, 1862,  from  a  wound  j  Givens,  Alexander,  d.  in  camp  nearVickst  urg, 
received  April  9,  1862.  Miss.,  May  1,  1863. 


Morgan,  J.  C.  C,  k.  April  9.  1SG2. 
Brown,  Elmore,  d.  Dee.  26,  1861. 


Ketcherside,  T.  F., 
May  4,  1863. 


d.  near  Vicksburg,  Mis- 


Addison,  Thomas,  d.  at  hospital  March  0, 1SG2.    Conner,  Thaddeus,  d.  at  Raymond,  Miss. 
Addison,  Jesse,  wounded  May  20  and  died  May  j  Query,  James,  d.  at  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  Au^.  16. 
27,1803.  t\      1803. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captains:  A.  J.  Cawood  and  William  M.  Wilson. 
Cawood,  Capt.  A.  J.,  severely  wounded  in  leg  I  Keeling,  W.  E.,  d.  on  or  about  Sept.  1.  IS6  S. 
in  battle  June  22, 18G3,  and  died  from  the  el'-  {  Loy,  G.  W.,  k.  in  battle,  June  23,  1SG3. 
feet  of  said  wound  Aug.  5,  1863.  j  Treadway,  John  R.,  k.  in  bottle  at  Vicksburg. 

Boles,  William,  k.  in  battle  at  Vicksburg,  June  I  Dodson,  G.  W.,  d.  in  camp  near  Yiek.-burg, 

28,1863.  I      Apfit  17,  1863. 

Hill,  William  H.,   d.  at   Vicksburg,   July  10,    flolloway,  R   G.,  d.  April  17,  1S63. 
1863.  I  Wilson,  John  A.,  d.  Jan.  10,  18G2. 

Hughes,  A.  J.,  k.  in  battle  June  23,  1SG3. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captains:  A.  H.  Roberson  and  William  J.  Hill. 

Wiley,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  5,    1S62,   in   Bledsoe 
county. 


Austin,  David,  d.  Feb.  23, 1863. 
Kensley,  J.  K.  P.,  d.  Feb.  23,  1863. 
Guy,  Robert,  d.  Dec.  12,  1862. 
Morgan,  G.  W.,  d.  June  IS,  18G2. 


Sutherland,  William,  d.  Jan.  20.  186: 


Captains 
"Williams,  J.  L.,  d.  Feb.  7,  1862. 
Carr,  F.  M.,  d. 

Monsey,  E.  F.,  d.  Nov.  12,  1862. 
Rethwell,  W.  B.,  d.  Nov.  G,  1862. 
Colbaugh,  J.,  d.  Aug..  1863. 


COMPANY  D. 
Ambrose  W.  Hodge  and  J.  R.  Binvon. 


|  Jones,  F.  51.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  July  10.  ISW. 
McAdoo,  R.  G.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  July  l!i.  IS63. 
Colbaugh,  N.,  k.  in  battle  May  23, 1863. 
Million,  F.  N.,  k.  in  battle  May  24,  1863. 
Price,  T.  H..  d.  May  4,  1863. 
Holland,  W.  L.,  d.  on  the  road  from  Vicksburg  j  Dockery,  W.  H.,  d.  Feb.  21,  1863. 

to  Enterprise  I  Eockmiiler,  H.,  d.  Feb.  4, 18G3. 

Dennis,  P.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  July  IG,  1863. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captains:  John  W.  Phillips  and  Joseph  Huffmaster. 

Helton,  Wm.,  d.  at  Knoxviile,  Jan.  3,  1862         I  Webb,  Charles,  d.  at  Knoxville,  Dec.  23,  1861. 

Metlock,   Huston,  d.  at   Rogersville,  Jan.  10,  !  Smith,  Charles,  d.  at  Knoxville,  Feb.  1".  !«■  2. 

1862.  Gilbert,  James,  d.  Nov.  20,  1862. 

Reagon.  William  F.:  d.  at  Rogersviile,  Dec.  24. 


Captain? 
Ball,  William  S.,  d.  Jan.  2,  1862. 
Willson,  Robert,  d.  May  23,  1862. 
Cade,  T.  L..  d.  May  11.  1862. 
Cook,  S.  B.,  d.  Nov.  22,  1862. 
Turner,  Copt.  Sterling  T.,  k.  in  battle  at  Vick 
burg,  May  22,  1863. 


COMPANY  F. 
E.  C.  Jones  and  Sterling  T.  Turner. 

Fleming,  J.  R,,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  June  27.  1863. 
Ballard,  J.  M.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  June  _• 
Barnett,  J.    N.,   d.   near  Yieksburs.   Juae  23, 

1863. 
Mathis,   Jackson,    d,   at    Vicksburg.    Mav    F, 
18G3. 


523  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 




Goodwin,  Thomas  J.,  d.  of  small-pox  at  Vicks- 

burg,  Jan.  5M»,  1863; 
Govs  in,  William  D.,  d.  Feb.  it,  I8C3,  offerer,  at 

hospital  at  Vicksburg, 


Kinraid,  Asa  G..  d.  Jan.  IS,  180.",. 
Wilt&on,  G.  V..  d.  at  Enterprise,  Ky,  July  18, 
1863. 

MeCallon,  T.  B.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  Ji;ly  s,  1863. 


COMPANY  G. 

(Captains:  David  Neff,  C.  L.  Heosley,  and  W.  H.  Wiseman. 
Barton,  Jesse,  d.  March  13,  1883.  I  Houston,  Witt,  d.  Aug.  29,  1863,  from  the  effect? 

Maxwcj],  Robt.,  d.  AprfJ  1,  1862.  of  a  wound  received  in  battle. 

Harrison,  Thomas,  d.  May  12, 1SG2.  Patilio,  Samuel,  d.  July  5,  1863,  from  tne  effects 

Cruikshanks,  Lieut.  J.  W.,  k.  iu battle  June  22,       of  a  wound  received  in  battle. 

ISo.').  j  Strutton,  II.  F...  d.  at  Vicksburg  hospital,  Feb. 

Denton,  Sergt,  A.  R.,  d.  June  2'-.,  from  a  wound  !      U,  1863. 

received  iu  battle  June  22,  ISG3.  i  Day,  Samuel,  d.  at  Vicksburg  hospital,  Jan.  2'i, 

Jainngin,  A.  M..  k.  in  battle  June  23,  1863.  1863. 

Douglas,  R.  G-,  d.  May  7,  I$63.  '  Moore,  E.  L.,  d.  in  Tennessee,  Jan.  20,  1863. 

CO  3  f  PA  NY  H. 
Captain,  W.  L.  Lafferty. 
Vaznell,  IT.  F,  d.  at  Charleston,  Jan.  \\  18G2.      j  Clark,  James,  d.  June  28,  1SG3. 
Rose,  F.  M.,  d.  at  Charleston,  Nov.  18, 1862.     On  '  Dennis,  John,  d.  June  21,  1863. 

a,  subsequent   roll  it  states  he  died  at  Cai- !  Leadbetter,  John.  d.  May  23,  1863. 

houn.  same  date.  !  Casteel,  B.  F.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  July  15,  1863. 

Myers,  L.  W .,  d.  Jan.  31,  lS63,..afc  Vicksburg.       !  Gibany,  John  A.,  d.  at  Vicksburg  July  2 •».  1863. 
Eaton,  W.  A.,  d.  at  Athens,  Ga.,  Jan.  6,  1SG3.         j  Stafford,  John.  d.  in  hospital  at  Jackson,  Miss., 
Dennis,  Oreo,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  March  24.  1863.  i      June  25,  1863. 
Melton,   William,  d.  Feb.  26,  1SG3,  at  Vicks-  :  Swafford,  B.  F..  d.  at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  July  11, 

burg,  j      1863. 

Ballard,  J.  H.,  d.  June  17,  1SG3. 

"COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  William  II.  McKamy 
Crittenden,  N.  J.,  d.  Feb.  0,  1SG2.  :  Patterson,  NT.  W.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Vicksburg. 

Corn,  Julius,  d.  June  28,  1862,  at  Lick  Creek.     |      Feb.  22,  1863. 

Foster,  O.  P.,  d.  May  7,1862,  at  LiekCreek.         I  Shamblin,  John,  k.  inaction  at  Vicksburg,  May 
Dugan.  S.  E.,  d.  Oct.  SO,  1862.  i      23,  1SG3. 

McCarty,  Lieut.  Benjamin,  k.  Sept.  14,  1862.       I 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  J.  N.  Aiken. 
Martin,  Isaac,  d.  March  25,  IS63.  j  Barfield,  Wheeler,  d.  Dec.  3,  1SG1 

McCan,  John,  d.  Feb.  14,  1863.  |  Stewart,  Charles,  d.  Dec.  1,  1861. 

McCan,  William,  d.  Feb.  11, 1S63,  at  Vicksburg.  i  Porter,   Thomas  W.,   d.  at  Loudon   hospital. 
Adams,  J.  W.,  k.  iu  battle  at  Vicksburg,  June  j      March  27. 1662. 

7,  1*G3,  I  Norman,  W.  J.,  d.  at  Knoxville,  March  4,  1SG2 

Cruise,  G.  W.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  June  24,  1SG3.    j  Neal,  J.  K,  d.  at  Loudon  hospital,  March  2S, 
Ruth,  W.  J.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  May  20,  LS6&         j      1862. 

Aiken,  Thomas,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  July  1,  1863.   j  Standifer,  Leroy,  k.  in  battle  at  Chattanooga, 
Green,  R.  A.,  d.  at  home,  Aug.  5,  ISG3.  j     June  8, 1862. 

Maxwell,  II.  L.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  July  1,  1863.     ' 


FORTY-FOURTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

Bv  Dr.  D.  J.  Ngslitt,  Lincoln  County,  Tenn. 

In  the  fall  of  1SG1  Gen.  Albert  Sidney  Johnston  was  assigned  the  department 
of  Tennessee;  finding  his  lines  poorly  prepared  lor  defensive  or  aggressive  war, 
and  to  remedy  this  deficiency,  he  called  on  the  Governors  of  the  neighboring  States 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


529 


for  troops.  Under  this  call  many  regiments  were  organized — the  Forty-fourth  one 
of  that  number,  being  from  the  counties  of  Bedford,  Franklin,  Grundy,  Coffee, 
and  Lincoln.  Their  regimental  organization  was  completed  at  Gimp  Trousdale 
on  the  9th  of  December,  1S61,  as  follows:  C.  A.  MeDaniel,  of  Lincoln  county, 
Colonel;  Henry  Sheid,  of  Coffee,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Matt  Johnston,  of  Bedford, 
Major;  Dr.  John  Gannaway,  Surgeon;  Dr.  D.  J.  Noblitt,  Assistant  Surgeon;  Hugh 
Edins,  Quartermaster;  Polk  Green,  Commissary.  For  a  few  days  the  regiment 
remained  in  camp  drilling,  and  was  then  ordered  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  and  as- 
signed  to  Col.  S.  A.  M.  Wood's  brigade,  Hardee's  division.  Early  in  February  it 
was  obvious  to  the  most  casual  observer  that  Gen.  Johnston  would  be  compelled  to 
double  his  forces  or  shorten  his  lines — Thomas  flanking  on  the  rijjht  by  meeting 
and  defeating  Gen.*Zollicotfor  at  or  near  Mill  Springs,  Ky.  In  that  engagement 
Zollicofier  fell  mortally  wounded,  and  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  who  are  said 
to  have  treated  his  remains  with  great  indignity.  His  fall  demoralized  his  com- 
mand. Gen.  Zollicoffer  was  one  of  the  most  brilliant  men  of  the  State — his  learn- 
ing and  gallantry  enrolled  him  in  the  affections  of  his  countrymen  as  a  military  hero. 
Gen.  Grant  was  moving  with  superior  forces  on  our  lines  at  Forts  Henry  and 
Donelson. 

On  or  by  the  first  of  February  it  had  been  discovered  by  Gen.  Johnston  that 
Gen.  Buell,  in  our  front,  was  moving  his  troops  in  the  direction  of  Donelson,  in 
support  of  Grant.  To  checkmate  this  he  sent  Gens.  Floyd  and  Buckner's  com- 
mand to  Gen.  Pillow's  support.  In  the  meantime  Fort  Henry  was  captured  by 
the  enemy.  A  concentration  upon  Donelson  was  now  evident — our  lines  being 
broken  on  both  thinks.  On  the  11th  of  February  the  remainder  of  the  army  re- 
ceived orders  to  make  the  necessary  preparations  for  the  evacuation  of  Bowling 
Green  by  sending  the  sick  South  and  issuing  rations  for  a  march.  The  march  was 
continued  from  day  to  day  until  we  arrived  at  Nashville.  Snow  was  encountered 
at  Franklin,  Ky.  Notwithstanding  snow  and  cold  weather,  the  line  of  march  was 
taken  up  in  the  morning,  and  getting  several  miles  into  the  State  of  Tennessee 
another  order  was  issued  to  cook  rations.  Accompanying  this  order  was  the  an- 
nouncement that  the  Confederates  had  repulsed  the  Federals  with  great  loss  at 
Donelson.  The  march  was  continued,  and  occasionally  we  heard  the  firing  of 
cannon  said  to  be  at  Donelson.  On  the  road-side,  in  many  places,  and  at  houses 
were  to  be  seen  anxious  and  distressed  women  who  had  sons,  brothers,  or  husbands- 
in  that  stirring  conflict.  Late  in  the  evening,  near  Goodlettsville,  the  army  was 
thrown  into  line  of  battle  with  the  assurance  of  an  instant  attack.  It  was  a  false 
alarm — no  enemy  appearing. 

Sunday  morning  (16th)  moved  early  in  consequence  of  ttie  favorable  reports  on 
the  day  before;  was  in  splendid  spirits  until  met  by  a  courier  with  the  intelligence 
of  the  fall  of  Donelson.  He  had  dispatches  from  Gen.  Johnston  to  Gen.  Breck- 
inridge informing  him  of  the  disaster,  and  urging  him  to  push  on  with  his 
column. 

On  entering  Edgefield  sorrow  and  despair  were  unmistakably  written  on  everv 
face.  There  was  great  difficulty  experienced  in  crossing  the  bridge  into  Nashville, 
only  a  limited  number  crossing  at  a  time,  necessarily  making  it  slow.  This  jrave 
rise  to  every  sort  of  rumor  that  would  arouse  anxiety  and  fear.  This  precaution 
was  necessary  to  prevent  a  general  rush  on  the  suspension  bridge  of  panic-stricken 
soldiers,  who  would,  if  left  at  will,  have  crowded  upon  it  in  sufficient  numbers  to 
34 


530  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


have  forced  this  fine  structure  from  its  giant  pillars  with  great  disaster  to  the  re- 
treating army. 

The  arrival  of  the  army  seemed  to  demoralize  the  already  panic-stricken  city. 
The  officials — State  and  city— were  wild;  some  were  speaking,  some  crying,  some 
cursing,  some  praying,  while  others  were  running  to  and  fro,  scarcely  knowing 
what  to  do.  The  hospitals  were  deserted  by  all  that  could  get  away;  the  sick, 
lame,  and  halt  were  seen  on  everv  southern  outlet  from  the  citv,  and  for  many  miles 
south  of  Nashville  the  barns  and  outhouses  were  the  recipients  of  sick,  wounded, 
and  tired  soldiers. 

Arriving  in  the  city  late  at  night  no  halt  was  made,  but  we  marched  out  on  the 
Murfreesboro  pike  in  the  Mill  Creek  neighborhood.  Kain  commenced,  and  our 
camp  became  untenable.  Orders  were  issued  to  repair  to  a  better  camp  and  cook 
eight  days  rations.  The  latter  order  was  severely  criticised  by  the  men,  and  they 
threatened  to  mutiny  if  not  allowed  to  meet  the  enemy;  but  this  spirit  was  over- 
come by  speeches  from  Getis.  Pillow,  Flovd,  and  Hardee. 

The  next  morning  the  retreat  was  resumed  for  Murfreesboro;  but  early  that 
day  rumor  said  Beauregard  had  taken  Cairo  and  Paducah,  and  Jos.  E.  Johnston 
"Washington,  and  that  we  would  fall  back  to  Murfreesboro,  and  possibly  to 
Decatur,  Ala.;  that  Beauregard  would  ascend  the  Cumberland,  J.  E.  Johnston 
would  make  his  way  through  Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  and  Kentucky  in  support  of 
Beauregard,  and  Albert  Sidney  Johnston  would  attack  Grant,  Buell,  and  Thomas 
in  detail;  with  these  armies  in  their  rear  the  Federal  armies  would  be  defeated 
and  captured,  closing  out  the  war  in  six  months.  Around  camp-tires  at  night  this 
was  discussed  with  great  earnestness,  and  claimed  a  master-stroke  of  military 
strategy. 

For  a  few  days  the  army  camped  at  Murfreesboro,  resting,  reorganizing,  gather- 
ing up  the  sick,  and  these  escaping  capture  at  Donelson,  and  all  the  recruits  that 
could  be  induced  to  volunteer.  The  Forty-fourth,  with  Wood's  brigade,  was  as- 
signed to  Pillow's  division,  Hardee's  corps.  The  retreat  was  continued  south  by 
way  of  Shelbyville  and  Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  via  Decatur.  An  order  was  received 
from  the  seat  of  government  suspending  Pillow.  The  command  was  temporarily 
assumed  by  Gen.  Hindman,  of  Arkansas.  We  continued  the  march  and  arrived 
at  Corinth,  Miss.,  on  March  "20,  18£2 — the  point  selected  by  Gen.  A.  S.  Johnston 
for  concentrating  his  army.  He  determined  to  engage  the  enemy  that  he  might 
defeat  him  in  detail,  as  it  had  been  learned  that  Grant  was  being  reenforeed  by 
Haileck  from  St.  Louis,  and  Buell  was  making  forced  marches  through  Middle 
Tennessee  to  join  Grant  at  Pittsburg  Landing  on  the  Tennessee  Ptiv^r. 

On  the  o*l  of  April  a  general  order  was  issued,  directing  the  troops  to  prepare 
five  days  rations  and  forty  rounds  of  cartridges,  in  the  evening  the  regiment 
left  camp,  marching  until  midnight  in  the  direction  of  the  river.  Early  next 
morning  the  march  was  resumed,  ami  continued  until  late  in  the  evening,  taking 
position  in  line  of  battle  about  one  mile  north-east  of  the  Mickey  house.  We 
had  scarcely  arrived  in  position  when  the  rapid  discharge  of  small  arms,  and  two 
or  three  allots  from  a  field  piece,  was  heard  but  a  few  hundred  yards  in  advance. 
The  regiment  stood  for  half  an  hour  or  more  in  a  drenching  rain,  expecting  an 
order  to  advance,  but  was  somewhat  relieved  by  seeing  a  Federal  Lieutenant- 
colonel  and  fifty  of  his  men  marched  to  the  rear  as  prisoners,  captured  by  Col. 
Clanton's  cavalry,  of  Alabama,  and  the  Twenty-third  Tennessee  Regiment  of  in- 


Kegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        531 


fantry.  At  night  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  sleep  on  their  arms.  Next  morn- 
ing at  day -break  the  regiment  was  aroused  for  duty,  every  moment  expecting  an 
attack.  During  the  day  we  were  advanced  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile,  and  kept 
in  line  all  day.  The  dense  undergrowth  and  well-guarded  lines  concealed  our 
proximity  from  the  enemy,  until  they  were  attacked  by  Hardcastle's  battalion  on 
Sunday  morning,  the  regiment  promptly  following  them  into  the  Federal  en- 
campment, a  short  distance  east  of  Shiloh  Church,  surprising  and  capturing  them 
while  cooking  breakfast.  They  made  a  stubborn  resistance  for  awhile,  yet  the 
Confederate  line  pressed  upon  them,  driving  them  back  with  heavy  loss  on  both 
sides.  The  entire  Confederate  front  was  engaged  early  in  the  day,  driving  the  Fed- 
erals toward  the  river.  Between  eleven  and  twelve  o'clock  the  enemy  made  such 
stubborn  resistance  that  the  reserves  under  Gen.  Breckinridge  were  ordered  in, 
when  the  enemy  were  again  driven  back.  An  advance  along  the  entire  Confed- 
erate line  was  ordered.  About  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  an  Arkansas  regi- 
ment was  thrown  into  confusion.  Gen.  Johnston,  observing  the  disorder,  sprung 
to  their  colors,  held  them  aloft,  and  said,  "Forward,  my  men!"  They  rallied  to 
the  charge,  with  heavy  loss  of  men,  and  Gen.  Johnston  mortally  wounded.  The 
fall  of  this  noble  man  stopped  the  farther  advance  of  the  Confederates,  and  many 
believe  atieeted  the  result  of  the  war.  Gen.  Beauregard,  assuming  command,  be- 
ing next  in  rank,  changed  the  order  of  battle  by  using  shot  and  shell  in  place 
of  small  arms.  The  result  was  not  as  he  hoped.  The  demoralized  Federals,  in 
place  of  surrendering,  rallied  at  the  hesitancy  of  the  Confederates  and  the  pros- 
pect of  reinforcements  from  Gen.  Bueil  on  the  north  side  of  the  river. 

Late  in  the  evening  Gen.  Lew.  Wallace's  division  was  thrown  into  line  of  bat- 
tle, having  crossed  the  river.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the  7th  they  attacked  the 
Confederates  with  great  determination,  driving  them  -at  every  point.  The  Con- 
federates fell  back  on  the  "Mickey  house  and  formed.  The  Federals  appeared  to 
be  satisfied  in  regaining  the  lost  ground  of  the  day  before,  and  left  the  Confeder- 
ates to  fall  back  at  will  to  Corinth.  The  Forty-fourth  went  into  battle  with  four 
hundred  and  seventy  men  in  line.  On  Tuesday  morning,  at  roll-call,  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty  answered  to  their  names.  It  did  as  gallant  service  as  any  com- 
mand on  that  held. 

The  Mickey  house  had  been  selected  by  Dr.  Cross  as  hospital  head-quarters  for 
our  brigade.  By  his  order  tents  had  been  erected  for  the  comfort  and  protection 
of  the  wounded  in  the  yard.  After  examining  wounds  and  temporarily  dressing 
them  on  the  field,  Dr.  Noblitt,  aided  by  Dr.  Chandler,  had  succeeded  on  Monday 
morning  in  transferring  their  wounded  from  the  field  to  the  Mickey  house,  and 
as  comfortably  quartered  as  could  be  expected  with  the  surroundings.  Rain  fell 
Sunday  night.  About  two  o'clock  p.m.  Monday  there  was  a  ruinous  stampede 
among  the  wagon  and  ambulance  men,  and  was  not  fully  quieted  until  ni^ht.  It 
happened  that  a  man  came  riding  at  full  speed  among  the  trains,  crying,  ''Take 
eare  of  yourselves!  The  Yankee  cavalry  has  broken  our  lines,  and  will  he  on  you 
in  a  minute.'1'  Many  of  the  drivers  took  one  horseora  mule,  and  made  all  possi- 
ble speed  to  Corinth.  Others  drove  to  the  Mickey  house  and  unloaded  the 
wounded  on  the  ground,  without  tent  or  fly.  The  ground  was  covered  with  the 
wounded,  the  dead,  and  the  dyin'_r.  After  dark  the  rain  fell  in  torrents  upon  hun- 
dreds of  the  poor  fellows.  Their  agonizing  cries,  moans,  and  prayers  for  help  and 
water  were  audible  above  the  dashing  rain  and  rolling  thunder.     But  in  the  lor.<r 


532  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

night-watch  the  rain  cease<l,  the  thunder  hushed,  and  so  had  the  cries  of  the  suf- 
fering in  the  stillness  of  death.  Morning  came,  and  with  it  a  melancholy  sight — 
a  sleeping  camp.  Men  lay  in  esery  possible  posture,  with  eyes  closed  as  if  in 
sleep  on  crimson  beds.  The  rain  had  washed  the  blood  from  their  clothes  and 
blankets,  making  the  earth  red. 

Drs.  Cross,  Lawrence,  and  Noblitt  worked  all  night  attending  the  different  calls 
i  and  operating.     Neither  of  them  had  slept  for  more  than  forty-eight  hours.    Late 

Monday  evening  it  was  understood  that  the  hospitals  and  wounded  would  be  sur- 
rendered oii  Tuesday  morning.  Dr.  Noblitt  succeeded  in  securing  wagons  to  carry 
sixty-five  wounded  and  one  dead  (Lieut.  Patterson)  to  Corinth. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  killed:  Bedford  county  Co. — R.  J.  George,  J.  C. 
Bate*,  T.  S.  Rhoten.  D.  C.  Frizzell;  Lincoln  county  Co.— W.  B.  Marler,  J.  T. 
Spencer,  jr.,  W.  M.  Spen-er,  W.  II.  Whitworth,  S.  A.  Mitchell,  A.  M.  Collin's, 
Lieut.  L.  M.  Patterson,  L.  C.  Hardin,  J.  F.  Hathcock;  Coffee  county  Co. — W.  M. 
McCullough,  W.  H.  Pulley,  Allen  Bynum.  Badly  wounded:  W.  A.  Bates,  W.  S. 
Moore,  died  at  the  hospital;  J.  A.  Pampiyer,  B.  E.  Spencer,  James  Hampton,  G. 

A.  McKinney,  died  at  Corinth;  Lieut.  N.  P.  Norton,  Joe  Tillman,  died  at  Holly 
Springs;  J.  F.  Ferriss.  died  in  camp  at  Corinth;  A.  J.  Lamberton.  shot  through 
the  right  lung,  and  fought  for  an  hour  or  more,  until  he  fainted,  and  was  after- 
ward killed  at  Chickamauga;  James  Yates,  W.  C.  Jennings,  A.  J.  Radacine,  Jas- 
per "Williams  (died);  Col.  McDaniel  was  severely  wounded  on  Sunday,  but  con- 
tinued with  his  men  in  both  days  engagements;  W.  A.  Loyd,  J.  W.  George,  J.  F. 
Russell,  E.  B.  Norvell,  J.  F.  Rhoten,  F.  O.  Shriver,  H.  Mauley,  R.  F.  Smith 
(died),  T.  J.  Kimes  (died),  Y.  J.  Smith,  E.  M.  Crouch,  K.  Call,  Lieut.  J.  C.  Haley, 
James  Coats  (died),  T.  C.  Taylor,  D.  Q.  George,  J.  H.  Call.  Slightly  wounded: 
H.  H.  Colter,  D.  H.  Call,  M.  C.  Esliek,  S.  H.  Kimes,  J.  D.  Stone,  A.  M.  Spencer, 

B.  E.  Spencer — the  two  latter  were  on  a  visit  to  the  regiment,  and  secured  guns, 
fighting  gallantly,  B.  E.  Spencer  losing  an  arm;  J.  II.  Oglevie,  H.  H.  Hampton, 
J.  W.  Hampton,  W.  J.  Harris  (afterward  drowned),  31.  M.  Storey,  J.  W.  Gill, 
Jas.  N.  Sawyers,  R.  Bailey,  T.  J.  Loveless,  A.  Tucker,  M.  Jarrett,  R.  C.  Robert- 
son, Win.  Brown,  Jas.  Earles,  B.  F.  Cass,  Harvey  McGuire,  C.  MeCree,  R.  B. 
Eakin,  J.  B.  Majors,  M.  J.  Smith,  D.  H.  McKinney,  Lieut.  Goodloe,  Lieut.  Brat- 
ton,  H.  C.  Bass,  W.  M.  Wood,  R.  S.  Adcock,  Capt.  Brannon,  W.  C.  Radacine,  R. 
L.  McGehee,  Lieut.  J.  A.  Dollins,  W.  F.  McDaniel.  Over  one-fifth  of  the  num- 
ber  engaged  received  wounds  or  were  killed. 

The  battle  of  Shiloh  was  disastrous  to  the  Tennessee  troops.  It  was  necessarv 
to  reorganize  all  the  Tennessee  commands.  Cut  off  from  the  State,  nothing  in 
the  line  of  recruiting  could  be  done.  In  pursuance  of  that  fact,  the  Fifty-fifth 
Tennessee  Regiment,  having  been  organized  in  November  previous,  from  the 
counties  of  Davidson,  Williamson,  Smith,  Bedford,  and  Lincoln,  by  the  election 

of McCoen,  of  Williamson  county,  as  Colonel;  Wiley  M.  Reed,  of  Nashville, 

Lieutenant-colonel;  Jones,  of  Smith  county,  Major;  Dr.  Dugan,  of  Bedford 

county,  Surgeon;  and  Dr.  Waller,  of  Rutherford  county,  Assistant  Surgeon.  The 
casualties  of  this  regiment  were  so  heavy  that  it  had  not  the  minimum  numbers  to 
preserve  its  organization,  and  it  was  therefore  consolidated  with  the  Forty-fourth, 
taking  its  number.  Among  its  killed  at  Shiloh  were  James  May  and  Napoleon  B. 
Hyde,  of  Nashville,  two  as  gallant  young  men  as  ever  shouldered  a  musket.  E.  D. 
Kichards  was  also  badly  wounded.     Col.  McCoen  was  placed  on  the  superannuated 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


533 


list,  and  Col.  Reed  on  the  supernumerary,  acting  for  awhile  as  Provost  Marshal, 
and  afterward  assigned  to  doty  on  Gen.  Forrest's  staff.  He  fell  mortally  wounded 
in  a  gallant  charge  on  Fort  Pillow,  on  December  31st,  1862.  Col.  Keed  was  one 
of  the  bravest  of  men,  and  a  Christian  He  was  pastor  of  the  First  Cumberland 
Presbyterian  Church,  of  Nashville,  and  left  the  pulpit  for  the  army.  Col. 
Mc Daniel,  whose  health  was  wretched,  was  advised  by  his  medical  staff  to  resign, 
but  refused  until  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh.  Lieut.-col.  Sheid  was  placed  on  the 
supernumerary  list.     Map  Johnson  was  discharged  on  account  of  paralysis. 

Gen.  Hardee  appointed  Col.  Kelly,  of  Arkansas,  to  the  command,  who  served  a 
short  time,  and  Was  succeeded  by  the  election  of  John  A.  Fulton,  of  Lincoln 
county,  as  Colonel;  John  L.  McEwen,  of  Williamson  county,  Lieutenant-colonel; 
William  Ewing,  of  Davidson  county,  Major;  R.  G.  Cross,  of  Nashville,  Adjutant. 
Drs.  John  Gannaway  and  D.  J.  Noblitt  were  continued  on  the  medical  staff,  as- 
sisted by  Drs.  Davis,  Osborne,  and  Templeton. 

J.  W.  Franklin  died  in  camp  on  the  27th. 

On  the  29th  of  April  the  army  retreated  from  Corinth  to  Tupelo.  Joshua 
Phillips,  of  Smith  county,  was  discharged  on  account  of  wounds  received. 

On  June  30,  1S62,  Gen.  Beauregard  was  relieved,  and  Gen.  Braxton  Bragg  was 
assigned  to  the  command.  On  the  10th  of  July  an  accident  befell  three  men  of 
Co.  A  by  the  discharge  of  a  gun,  wounding  J.  B.  Khoten,  A.  E.  Ray,  and  N.  T. 
Bowden — the  latter  dying. 

On  July  20  Mr.  Harper,  of  Co.  B  (Wilson  county),  and  Mr.  Cooper,  of  Co.  I 
(Smith  county),  died  of  typhoid  fever. 

On  July  25th  J.  I).  Johnston,  of  Capt.  Jackson's  company  (formerly  Wiley  M. 
Reed's),  died  of  sunstroke. 

On  the  27th  of  July  the  command  was  transferred  to  Chattanooga.  None  but 
those  that  have  been  soldiers  can  appreciate  the  joy  with  which  the  soldiers'' 
minds  were  filled  at  the  prospect  of  driving  the  enemy  from  and  regaining  their 
homes.  Many  had  not  seen  or  heard  any  thing  from  their  friends  or  families  for 
more  than  six  months.  While  en  route  a  collision  occurred  near  West  Point,  fa- 
tally wounding  M.  L.  Smith,  of  Co.  F.  We  arrived  at  Chickamauga  Station 
August  30th. 

At  Chattanooga  Gen.  Buckner  was  placed  in  command  of  our  division.  Dr. 
Noblitt  was  offered  promotion,  but  declined  it,  preferring  to  remain  with  his  regi- 
ment. 

On  the  28th  of  August  we  broke  up  camp  near  Chattanooga,  and  moved  north- 
west, across  Walden's  Ridge,  then  up  the  Sequatchie  Valley  to  Dunlap,  theme 
across  the  mountain  by  Spencer  and  Sparta  to  Glasgow,  Ky.  The  command  ar- 
rived at  Glasgow  on  September  13,  rested  two  days,  and  left  on  the  Cave  City  road. 
The  writer  remained  with  the  sick.  After  properly  attending  to  them  we  over- 
took the  command  near  Woodsonville,  where  Gen.  Chalmers  committed  his  great 
blunder. 

On  the  16th  Gen.  Bragg  environed  the  town  and  fortifications  of  Munfords- 
ville  with  his  army,  and  demanded  its  surrender  unconditionally.  Col.  Wilder  at 
first  refused.  Late  in  the  afternoon  he  asked  for  an  armistice,  and  at  midnight 
the  terms  of  surrender  were  settled.  At  six  o'clock  the  next  morning  the  enemy- 
laid  down  their  arms — about  five  thousand.  Left  Munfordsville  on  the  20th  for 
Bardstown,  passing  through  Hodgensville  and  New  Flaven. 


53-i  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


We  left  Bardstown  for  Perryviile,  and  halted  here  on  the  7th  of  October,  tak- 
ing position  in  line  of  battle  on  the  hills  north  of  the  town.    Our  Dear  skirmished 

all  day  with  the  Federal  advance.  Late  in  the  evening  some  close  fighting  oc- 
curred, and  a  lew  prisoners  were  captured.  On  the  morning  of  the  8th  the  Fed- 
erals advanced  cautiously  in  column;  skirmishing  with  their  cavalry  and  Confed- 
erate pickets  up  to  12  o'clock.  Between  that  and  2  o'clock  an  artillery  dud  was 
fought  by  Darden's  Confederate  and  a  Federal  battery.  Tins  lasted  some  two 
hours,  when  the  Confederates  were  ordered  to  deploy  by  regiments  to  the  attack, 
which  command  was  executed  in  splendid  order  and  fearful  effect  upon  the  Fed- 
erals. Federal  officers  have  often  remarked  to  the  writer  that  the  deploying  of 
the  Confederate  regiments  was  the  grandest  military  display  they  ever  beheld. 
There  has  never  been  an  army  of  better  discipline  and  spirit  than  Gen.  Bragg 
had  in  that  campaign;  and  for  the  time  it  lasted  and  numbers  engaged  there  has 
never  been  a  fiercer  engagement  than  the  battle  of  Perryviile.  The  losses  were 
heavy  on  both  sides.  The  Federal  loss  was  fully  twice  that  of  the  Confederate. 
The  Confederate  loss  was  in  all  not  above  twenty-five  hundred.  The  Federal  sur- 
geons often  remarked  to  the  writer  that  their  loss  was  between  five  and  seven  thou- 
sand.  The  Confederate  forces  engaged  were  Cheatham's  and  Buekner's  divisions 
and  Anderson's  brigade,  of  Stewart's  division.  Cheatham's  division  sustained  the 
heaviest  loss — Donelson's,  Maney's,  and  Stewart's  brigades — all  Tennesseans  except 
two  regiment-,  Forty-fifth  Georgia  and  Ninth  Texas.  Cheatham  fought  on  our 
right,  Buckner  in  the  center,  and  Anderson  on  the  left.  The  Chaplin  hills  were  made 
red  with  Tennes-ee  blood.  The  Forty-fourth  Regiment  had  forty-two  killed  and 
wounded,  thirteen  being  killed  upon  the  field  in  front  of  the  burning  barn  (Bot- 
tom's barn).  It  was  quite  a  victory  to  the  Confederates.  They  slept  upon  their 
arms  on  the  field,  and  retreated  early  next  morning.  The  writer  remained  at  the 
Prewitt  house  with  the  wounded  that  were  not  able  to  be  moved.  About  4  o'clock 
on  the  9th  the  Federal  advance  came  to  the  hospital.  Their  treatment  was  uni- 
formly kind.  Captain  Harrison,  a  grandson  of  President  Harrison,  was  generous, 
brave,  kind,  noble,  and  honorable,  doing  all  he  could  to  alleviate  the  suffering  of 
the  unfortunate.  There  were  ten  Federals  and  nine  Confederates  in  this  house, 
all  badly  wounded,  not  one  being  able  to  hand  water  to  the  other.  None  but  the 
Surgeon  was  left  in  charge  to  wait  on  them.  He  reported  the  condition  to  Gens. 
Steadman  and  Thomas,  who  visited  the  hospital.  Gen.  Steadman  soon  had  ail 
that  was  necessary  for  comfort  and  assistance.  Harrison  called  at  the  hospital 
each  day  while  at  Perryviile,  to  make  prison  life  as  pleasant  as  possible. 

The  killed  and  wounded  are  as  follows.  Co.  B — Killed:  Corp.  M.  M.  Hague; 
wounded:  privates  J.  F.  Floyd,  Ben  Alar-hall.  Co.  C — Wounded:  G.  Butler,  J. 
C.  Cowen  (severely).  Co.  D — Killed:  private  Win.  Mays;  wounded:  \V.  B.  Nor- 
ton— arm  amputated,  and  lie  retreated  with  the  army  to  Knoxville  rather  than 
remain  a  prisoner;  W.  M.  Griffin,  wounded  in  the  shoulder-Joint — the  operation 
of  resection  saved  his  arm  and  life.  Co.  F — Killed:  Privates  W.  T.  Parris,  J. 
M.  Ruse,  W.  W.  Eaks,  F.  M.  James,  Thos.  McCall;  wounded:  F.  K.  Shannon, 
S.  M.  Williams.  Co.  F— Killed:  Capt  Joel  J.  Jones,  Lieut.  S.  W.  Burdwell, 
privates  W.  A.  Hammans  (or  Hammond),  A.  K.  Ray;  mortally  wounded:  T.  J. 
O'Neal,  G.  S.  Marcom,  W.  D.  Gill,  J.  D.  Ha-ri*;  severely  wounded:  G.  W.  Da- 
vis, W.  M.  Brady;  slightly  wounded:  G.  W.  Summers,  B.  Y.  Holland,  F.  M. 
Barnes,  James  M.  Goodwin,  W.  H.  Gibbs,  D.  H.  MeKinnev.    Co.  G— •  Killed:  N. 


REGIMENTAL  HlSTOHIES  AND  MEMORIAL  RoiXo. 


I 


J.  Dozier,  W.  M.  King,  A.  M.  Lovelass.  (A).  II — Mortally  wounded:  A.  Kirk- 
patrick;  severely:  J.  K.  Tooly,  L.  D.  Higgersen;  T.  K.  Price  and  Dan  Duncan 
both  lo.->t  a  ieg,  and  have  both  been  elected  to  olfice  in  Cofice  county  since  the 
war.     Cu.  I — Severely  wounded:  G.Hill. 

E  and  F,  being  color  companies,  were  heavy  losers.  The  striking  down  or  loss 
of  the  colore  caused  contusion  and  demoralization,  consequently  both  armies  made 
their  best  edorts  at  the  colors.  After  the  tall  of  Cap t.  Jones  and  Lieut.  Burdweii, 
the  command,  of  the  two  companies  fell  upon  Lieut.  John  Y.  Gill,  of  Co.  E.  lie 
commanded  them  with  such  success  and  gallantry  that  Col.  Fulton  and  Gen.  B. 
-U.  Johnson  publicly  complimented  him  for  gallantry  and  the  skillful  maneuver- 
ing of  his  men  on  the  field  of  battle. 

Cant.  Joel  J.  Jones  was  a  model  Tennessean — a  man  that  any  State  or  eoumrv 
might  feel  proud  to  honor.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Tennessee  Legislature,  representing  the  counties  of  Franklin,  Lincoln,  and  Mar- 
shall in  the  Senate.  Four  days  after  the  bloody  conflict  Elder  Mareum  died  of 
wot.nus  through  the  right  arm  and  abdomen.  He  was  a  member  of  Capt.  Jones's 
company  {¥).  Eider  Mareum  was  a  pious  Christian,  a  member  of  the  Primitive 
Bapti&i  Church. 

XjUe  retreat  from  Ferryville  was  one  of  fearful  suffering.  Lieut.  Kelsoe  was  de- 
tailed to  the  command  of  tiie  barefooted  iiien  of  the  brigade  (two  hundred  and 
twoj,  and  sent  out  us  wagon-guard.  We  were  ordered  to  draw  ten  days  ration? 
and  march  to  ivnuxville  by  way  of  Cumberland.  Gap.  We  failed  to  draw  the  ten 
days  radons,  as  we  did  not  overtake  any  provision-wagons  and  those  we  guarded 
were  loaded  with  ordnance.  For  ten  days  we  had  nothing  to  eat  save  what  we 
could  iind  on  ihe  mareit.  As  that  was  through  a  mountainous  and  sparsely  settled 
country,  and  it  hau  been  ravaged  by  both  armies  before  our  retreat,  the  few  p&  - 
pie  thai  lived  on  the  line  had  left.  The  armies  preceding  us  hail  in  a  left  them  a 
living.  We  were  seven  days  without  bread,  much  of  that  time  without  meat  also. 
Our  iood  was  a  lew  grains  of  parched  corn  and  water. 

On  Thursday  evening,  September  19,  18G3,  near  Ringgold,  Ga.,  the  Forty-fourtn 
Regiment,  with  the  remainder  of  Johnston's  brigade,  engaged  the  Federal  cavalry. 
Early  Friday  morning  we  encountered  them  again,  driving  them  all  day.  The 
next  day  at  ten  o'clock  we  engaged  their  infantry,  which  was  stubbornly  resisted. 
Capt.  llogan,  of  Co.  F,  fell  mortally  wounded  early  in  the  day.  The  engagement 
was  close  and  hard  all  day.  We  camped  in  line  on  the  field.  Early  Sunday 
morning  we  were  ordered  to  charge  the  enemy,  which  was  executed  with  ternUe 
erieet,  driving  the  enemy  one  mile  and  a  halt  with  great  slaughter  before  they 
were  able  to  make  a  Stand.  The  rest  oi  the  day  was  consumed  on  that  iine  in 
taking  and  retaking  a  battery,  it  was  taken  three  times.  Just  at  night  Capt. 
Terry,  of  the  Seventeenth  Regiment,  ordered  a  detail  of  men  mid  moved  one  of 
the  guns  with  the  charging  line,  which  was  executed  to  the  letter  with  glorious 
results,  routing  the  enemy  and  capturing  all  their  dead  and  wounded.  The  killed 
of  Co.  F  were  Win.  Bearden,  John  Merrill,  Sergt.  Alonzo  Gill:  wounded:  Call 
Story,  "Will  Glbbs,  and  Bob  Bearden. 

We  remained  a  few  weeks  on  Missionary  Ridge  before  we  were  assigned  to 
Longstreet's  corps.  Were  with  him  at  the  siege  of  Knoxville  and  the  battle  of 
Bean's  Station  all  of  which  was  amid  much  suiTerin^:  from  cold  and  the  hardships 


536  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 



incidental  to  a  winter  campaign,  until  we  went  into  winter-quarters  at  Morristown, 

East  Tennessee. 

The  last  of  April  or  first  of  May,  1864,  we  broke  up  winter-quarters,  and  moved 
to  Richmond,  Va.,  getting  there  at  midnight  May  G.  Were  immediately  ordered 
to  Walthall's  Junction,  where  we  had  a  skirmish  next  morning,  which  was  almost 
daily  from  there  to  Petersburg,  with  but  little  damage  to  us  until  the  2d  of  April, 
1865,  when  the  Federals  broke  our  lines,  capturing  half  of  our  brigade,  including 
myself,  John  Carpenter,  John  Woodard,  Frank  Clark,  John  Pool,  Jack  Mitchell, 
and  John  Keith.  The  two  last  named,  with  many  others,  died  in  prison  at  Port 
Delaware.  We  arm  ed  at  the  latter  place  on  the  _th  of  April,  1SG5,  and  remained 
there  until  the  8th  of  May.  Were  paroled;  got  home  on  the  13th,  worn  out,  poor 
in  this  world's  goods,  but  proud  of  home,  country,  and  family;  and  that  is  all  I 
can  now  boast  of— love  of  home,  eountrv,  and  family. 

j  A  Sketch  of  the  Life  of  Col.  John  S.  Fulton. 

From  Notes  of  Sergt.  G.  W.  D.  Porter,  of  Company  B. 

John  S.  Fulton  was  born  at  Fayetteville,  Lincoln  county,  Tenn.,  on  the  31st 
of  March,  1S2S.  He  was  the  son  of  James  Fulton,  Esq.,  eminent  in  his  profes- 
sion, of  high  rank  as  a  citizen,  and  of  great  personal  popularity.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  one  of  five  brothers,  all  of  whom  took  eminent  position  as  well  as 
responsibility  in  the  late  war  between  the  States.  Alfred  was  Colonel  of  the 
Eighth  Tennessee  ('Confederate)  the  first  twelve  months  of  the  war,  and  was  dis- 
tinguished for  gallantry  and  ability  to  command.  Ilobert  was  in  Company  C,  of 
the  Forty-first  Tennessee.  Charles  was  in  Freeman's  Battery.  James  was  Pay 
Director  in  the  United  States  Navy,  receiving  the  appointment  from  civil  life  be- 
fore the  war. 

Col.  John  S.  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  studied  under  his  father,  began  the 
practice  in  early  life,  and  continued,  with  success,  until  December,  18G1.  He  vol- 
unteered and  joined  Capt.  Dump  Smith's  Company  F,  of  the  Forty-fourth  Reg- 
iment of  Tennessee  Volunteer  Infantry,  at  Bowling  Green,  Ky.  As  a  private  he 
was  faithful  and  prompt  in  the  performance  of  duty,  careful  to  observe  all  the 
nice  courtesies  of  the  private  soldier  to  superiors  in  authority,  much  his  inferiors  in 
education  and  qualifications  for  official  responsibility;  cheerfully  sharing  the  pri- 
vations and  hardships  incidental  to  soldier  life,  with  fidelity  to  duty  and  respect 
to  authority  and  discipline  as  much  as  the  humblest  man  in  ranks,  caused  him  to 
be  loved  by  comrades  and  respected  by  officers. 

Fulton's  first  service  was  upon  the  sanguinary  field  of  Shiloh,  as  a  volunteer 
sharp-shooter.  It  was  here  opportunity  brought  into  play  his  great  mental  pow- 
ers to  command  or  lead  men  where  there  was  danger,  and  hold  them  steady  in 
great  emergencies.  Many  times  on  that  hotly  contested  field,  when  his  comrades 
were  shattered  and  driven  back,  it  was  Fulton  who  rallied  and  led  them  to  charge 
again.  In  fact,  his  gallant  bearing  on  that  bloody  field  may  be  considered  the  lie- 
ginning  of  his  brilliant  career;  for  it  was  observed  by  both  men  and  officers,  and 
of  frequent  remark,  that  he  was  the  coming  man  of  the  regiment. 

Soon  after  the  retreat  to  Corinth  the  army  was  reorganized,  and  Fulton  elected 
Captain  of  a  consolidated  company,  but  was  soon  made  Colonel  by  demand  of  the 
regiment.  He  won  his  first  laurels  as  Colonel  at  the  battle  of  Perryville,  Ky., 
leading  his  regiment  in  the  charge  across  the  field  and  meadow,  near  the  burning 


Kegimextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        537 

barn.  The  line  of  his  charge  was  well  marked  for  weeks  after  the  battle  by  blood 
of  the  dead  and  wounded,  and  the  graves  of  the  dead,  buried  where  they  fell. 
In  that  charge  we  turned  the  Federal  right,  doubling  their  lines  upon  themselves 
in  such  a  way  that  Cheatham,  with  his  position  on  their  left,  caused  the  Federals 
to  lose  half  the  men  they  had  engaged.  The  Federal  lines  thus  thrown  between 
Cheatham's  and  Buckner's  commands,  they  were  crushed  before  they-  could  es- 
cape. Considering  the  time  and  numbers  engaged,  it  was  certainly  the  most  fear- 
ful loss  of  life  and  limb  of  any  battle  in  the  late  war;  at  least  it  was  thought  to  be 
by  all  who  were  engaged  in  this  department. 

At  Murfreesboro,  on  December  31st,  Fulton  led  his  regiment  with  such  vigor 
and  gallantry  that  no  Federal  force  could  withstand  its  terrible,  death-dealing 
blows.  Early  in  the  action  he  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  left  hand,  render- 
ing him  unable  to  manage  his  horse.  Dismounting,  lie  put  his  horse  in  charge 
of  a  groom,  ordering  that  he  be  taken  to  the  rear;  but  he  became  unmanageable, 
made  his  escape  from  the  groom,  and  ran  into  the  Federal  lines,  where  he  was 
captured  and  remounted.  In  a  few  hours  he  came  back  with,  terrible  speed,  rider- 
less but  superbly  caparisoned;  dashed  up  to  the  regiment,  and  finding  the  Colonel, 
stopped  and  stood  trembling  a>  though  he  was  frightened  almost  to  death.  The 
Colonel  rode  him  the  remainder  of  the  day. 

Soon  after  the  Colonel's  horse  made  his  escape  to  the  enemy  the  Confederates 
in  their  advance  came  upon  a  line  of  infantry  strongly  posted  behind  a  rail-fence, 
and  they  were  playing  upon  the  Forty-fourth  with  fearful  effect  at  long  range. 
It  was  evident  to  a  man  of  Fulton's  sagacity  that  he  must  retreat  or  dislodge 
them.  To  retreat  endangered  the  whole  Confederate  line.  To  leave  the  little 
skirt  of  timber  they  were  in  left  them  with  no  protection,  and  there  was  an  open 
space  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards  or  more  which  must  be  passed  to  reach  the 
enemy,  and  could  not  be  passed  without  great  loss  of  life.  But  something  must  be 
done,  and  Fulton  was  not  the  man  to  hesitate  wdien  he  decided  on  his  line  of 
duty\  The  order  to  advance  was  given,  and  as  soon  as  the  Confederates  passed 
from  the  timber  the  Federals  opened  a  terrific  fire  upon  them,  with  fearful  effect. 
He  pushed  his  column  on  until  within  fifty  yards  of  the  enemy,  but  their  fire  was 
so  terrible  and  fatal  that  his  line  wavered.  At  this  crisis  the  gallant  Fulton 
rushed  between  the  wavering  lines,  brandished  his  flashing  sword  in  fiery  circles 
above  his  head,  and  shouted  in  inspiring  tones,  "  Forward,  my  men,  forward ! "  This 
evoked  the  familiar  rebel  yell  of  "On  to  victory  or  death !';  and  with  a  rush  they 
fell  upon  the  enemy's  lines,  driving  them  in  confusion  and  dismay. 

He  commanded  the  regiment  at  Dug  Hollow  and  Hoover's  Gap,  where  he  dis- 
played great  skill  and  gallantry  in  holding  Rosecrans's  advance  in  check,  and 
protecting  the  rear  and  right  flank  of  Gen.  Bragg's  army.  On  the  loth  of  Sept.. 
1863,  he  was  placed  at  the  head  of  Johnson's  old  brigade,  as  well  as  the  Forty- 
fourth  (Johnson  being  raised  to  a  division  command),  which  he  held,  faithfully 
discharging  his  responsible  duties  until  his  lamented  death. 

On  the  18th  of  September  he  defeated  and  drove  the  enemy  from  Ringgold, 
Ga.,  and  on  the  19th  and  20th  at  Chickamauga  he  won  for  himself  and  command 
imperishable  and  unfading  laurels.  On  the  extreme  left  and  front  of  the  Con- 
federate lines  was  an  eminence — almost  a  hill — an  open  vale  intervening  between 
the  opposing  lines.  On  Saturday  night  the  Federals  made  this  elevation  doubly 
6trong  by  breastworks  erected  out  of  logs  and  rails.     Behind  lay  two  lines  of  bat- 


533  aLilitaky  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


tie,  and  at  regular  intervals  along  its  brow  some  twenty  or  thirty  brass  field  piee<  s 
were  in  position,  their  frowning  front  seeming  almost  impregnable.     Brigade  after 

brigade  had  assailed  these  work-',  only  to  he  driven  back  dismembered  and  bleed- 
ing. Late  in  the  day  on  Sunday,  the  '20th,  Fulton  moved  by  left  flank  to  the  left 
of  Gregg's  brigade,  and  formed  his  right  on  Gregg's  left.  Thus  formed,  his  com- 
mand covered  the  entire  Federal  flank  and  front  except  the  right  slope,  which  was 
covered  by  two  or  three  companies  of  the  Forty-first  Tennessee,  of  Gregg's  bri- 
gade. Thus  in  position,  the  order  was  given  to  forward.  The  brigade  crossed  the 
ravine,  emerging  in  the  open  field  at  a  double-quick,  through  a  perfect  storm  of  shell 
and  canister,  while  scores  of  brave  men  went  down  at  every  step.  The  towering 
form  of  Fulton  in  the  front,  urging  his  brave  men  to  follow,  was  observed  by  the 
entire  line.  On  they  rushed  like  a  tornado,  dislodging  and  sweeping  the  Federals 
from  their  guns  with  bayonets  and  clubbed  muskets,  defeating  and  demoralizing 
the  Federal  right. 

Fulton  and  his  command  were  with  Gen.  Longstreet,  in  East  Tennessee;  sup- 
ported MeLaws  in  the  attack  upon  Fort  Sanders;  a  few  days  later  he  arid  Gra- 
de's brigade  of  Alabamians  met  Gen.  Shackelford  at  Bean's  Station — ten  thou- 
sand strong — defeated  and  drove  them  back  to  Knoxville.  In  December,  while 
in  winter-quarters  between  Morristown  and  Dandridge,  all  the  general  officers  be- 
ing absent,  the  Federals  made  a  sally  upon  the  Confederate  camps.  Fulton,  be- 
ing the  highest  officer  in  command  at  camps,  saw  the  perilous  situation,  and  was 
equal  to  the  occasion.  He  at  once  threw  his  troops  in  position  for  defense,  and 
engaged  the  enemy  fiercely  for  forty  minutes  with  such  destruction  that  they  were 
demoralized;  and  he  drove  them  pell-mell  to  Dandridge,  through  the  town,  and 
across  the  French  Broad,  before  they  felt  safe.  The  next  engagement  was  at  (  ar- 
tersville,  on  the  Autauga  River.  From  thence  he  was  sent  to  Virginia,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  defenses  at  Drury's  Bluff,  Petersburg,  and  Walthall's  Junction.  On 
the  9th  of  May,  1SG4,  lie  repulsed  an  attack  from  a  fleet  of  gun-boats  at  Fort 
Clifton.  He  was  daily  engaging  the  enemy  between  Drury's  Bluff  and  Peters- 
burg, and  ever  present  directing  the  defense  and  encouraging  his  men  to  deeds  of 
valor.  On  the  16th  of  May  he  led  his  command  in  the  charge  upon  the  Federal 
works  at  Drury's  Bluffj  taking  the  works  and  driving  the  enemy  at  great  sacrifice. 
It  was  in  this  charge  that  the  brave  and  gallant  John  L.  McEwen,  Lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Forty-fourth,  fell  mortally  wounded.  Maj.  MeCarver  of  the  same 
regiment  was  killed;  also  Col.  Matt  Floyd,  of  the  Seventeenth.  Three  braver 
and  better  men  never  fell  upon  any  field.  On  June  16th,  Fulton's,  Grade's,  and 
Wise's  commands,  and  a  few  militia,  met  and  defeated  Butler  in  front  of  Peters- 
burg, at  the  head  of  six  Federal  army  corps — two  of  the  James  Jtiver  army,  and 
four  of  the  Potomac,  commanded  as  follows:  Gilmore's,  Tenth  Corps;  Smith's, 
Eighteenth  Corps;  Hancock's,  Second  Corps;  Warren's,  Fifth  Corps;  Wright's, 
Sixth  Corps:  Burnside's,  Ninth  Corps.  Fulton's  command  captured  almost  all 
of  Wilcox's  command,  six  stands  of  colors,  seven  hundred  prisoners  and  their 
arms.  For  the  details  of  this  battle  see  the  October  number  of  Annul*  of  Tennes- 
see,  by  Dr.  Drake.  The  disaster  the  following  day — the  17th— was  not  attrib- 
utable to  Fulton,  but  the  result  of  weakness,  not  having  men  enOugh  to  close  the 
gap;  for  he  anticipated  the  move  of  the  enemy,  and  called  on  Johnston  for  men, 
which  he  could  not  furnish.  To  avoid  the  disaster  and  conceal  his  weakne-s, 
Fulton  then  proposed  a  sortie  upon  the  enemy  on  the  night  of  the  16th,  believ- 


•  \ 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        539 


in<r  they  could  be  dislodged;  but  Gen.  Johnston  would  not  allow  it,  fearing  the 
enemy  would  discover  it  and  take  advantage  of  the  weakened  lines.  The  order 
had  been  given  to  Lieut.  Kelsoe  to  execute,  but  Gen.  Johnston  countermanded  it. 
It  was  a  tierce  conflict  from  day  to  day  tip  to  the  30th.  On  that  day,  after  several 
hours  hard  fighting,  the  command  was  ordered  in  rear  to  have  a  few  hours  of 
much  needed  rest.  Here,  while  sitting  beneath  the  shade  of  a  tree,  Col.  Fulton 
received  a  mortal  wound.  The  vindictive  shell  was  seen  to  burst  high  in  the  air 
above.  A  fragment  came  whistling  directly  to  where  he  sat.  He  saw  it,  and.  tal- 
ly realizing  his  danger,  rose  to  avoid  it,  but  was  too  late  to  escape.  It  struck  his 
iiead  above  the  eye,  breaking  his  skull,  and  striking  him  down  to  rise  no  more. 
He  lingered  a  few  days  in  excruciating  pain.  Although  unconscious,  the  cout<  r- 
tions-  of  muscles  and  body,  and  troubled  groans,  were  evidence  of  the  pain.  Thus 
he  lingered  until  the  4th  of  July,  1864 — his  great  soul  celebrating  our  national 
Sabbath  by  abandoning  that  once  perfect  and  manly  body,  now  maimed  and 
wounded,  for  one  of  higher  order  and  better  service.  Uncle  Joe,  his  faithful  col- 
ored man,  was  with  him  to  the  last,  doing  all  that  love  and  fidelity  could  dictate. 


Official]  Forty-fourth  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  JohnS.  Fulton:  Lieutenant-colonel,  John  L.  MeEwen;  Major.  G.  3f.  Crawford;  Ad- 
jutant, R.G.Cross;  Surgeon,  John  D.  Jackson;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  John  H.  Humor; 
Commissary,  William  Mc.Da.niel;  Chaplain,  Dr.  F.  S.  Petway. 

Fulton,  Col.  John  S.,  d.  from  the  effects  of  wounds,  July  4.  1864. 
MeEwen.  Lieut. -eoi.  John  L.  d.  from  the  effects  of  wounds,  May  27,  1864. 
Crawford,  Maj.  G.  M.,  d.  from  the  effects  of  wounds,  June  23,  1864. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Thomas  W.  Tarpsley. 
Shelton.  Erwin  E.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  I  Roberson,  Garrett  A.,  d.  April  2.  J  $63. 

Harbin,  George  W.,  k.  at  Bean's  Station.  j  Damron.  John,  d.  March  31,  1863. 

Leonard,  John,  k.  at  Drury's  Bluff.  Rhoten,  James  F.,  d.  Aug.  1.  1862. 

Harbin,  Jasper  N.,  k.  at  Drury's  Blul  |  Taylor,  James,  d.  April  25,  1862. 

Luttrell,  Siias  S.,  k.  at  Prurys  Bluff  j  Taylor,  Sanders,  d.  April,  1862. 

Cooper,  Noah  W.,  k.  at  Petersburg.  j  Luttrell,  Wm.  H..  d.  Oct,  1,  1862. 

Daniels,  George  D.,  k.  at  Petersburg.  j  Ingraham,  Benjamin,  d.  Sept.  1,  1862. 

Graham,  John  J~,  k.  at  Fort  Harrison.  Robertson.  John  F.,  d.  April  3. 1862. 

Fanning,  Andrew  J.,  k.  at  Mutfreesboro  i  Walker,  Zaebnrlah  A.,  d.  April  6,  1862. 

Couch,  Francis  M..  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  >  Williams,  Jasper,  d.  April  11,  1862. 

Myrick,  Wm.  P.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  j  Walker,  James  A.,  d.  July  28,  1862. 

Dugan,  Robert  W.,  d.  Sept.  27.  1863.  I  Walker,  William  A.,  d.  July  13,  1862. 

Riley,  Pharaoh,  d.  Sept.  21,  $863.  .  Carnthers,  Williams  A.,  ti.  July  10,  1802. 

Bray,  James  H.,  d.  Nov.  12,  1863.  |  Shriner,  Fountain  O.,  d.  Aug.  in.  1862. 

Caswell,  George,  d.  Sept.  29,  1804.  j  Crossline,  Thomas,  d.  Jan.  5,  1862. 

Laud,  Drury  P.,  d.  July  31,  1863.  |  Harris,  John  H..  d.  Jan.  6,  1862. 

Rich,  Henry  J.,  d.  Aug.  23,  1863.  j  Piikington,  J.  A.,  d.  Jan.  9,  1862. 

Hall,  John  B.,  d. 

COMPANY  B. 
Crutehfteld,  Robert  C,  k.  at  Petersburg.  I  Clark,  Robert  J.,  d.  Sept.  5,  1864. 

Nunley,  Wm.  C,  d.  Jan.  4.  1S62.  ■  Spencer,  Samuel  G.,  d.  May  13,  1S62. 

Hen-dey,  Samuel,  d.  Nov..  1864.  ;  Pruett,  Samuel  D..  d.  Jan.  5,  1863. 

McCiure,  Randall,  d.  Feb.  9,  1S64.  |  Pearson,  Thomas  F.,  d.  June  5,  1S62. 

Martin,  James  J.,  d.  Sept.  9,  1SG4.  !  Kim^s,  Thomas  J.,  d.  May  15,  18G2. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  G.  M.  Crawford. 
Ter.y,  William  F.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  !  McCall,  James  T.,  k.  at  Drury's  Bluff. 

Eden  William  B.,  k.  at  Signal  Hill.  j  Dickens,  Joseph  W..  k.  in  battie. 


540 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Rigg,  John  31.,  k.  in  battle. 
Cope,  Stephen,  d.  May  6,  1802. 
Reeves,  Nathan,  d.  May  10,  1862 


Orabtree,  Job,  k.  at  Petersburg. 
Mayess,  William,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Merrick,  John,  k.  at  Entry's  Blutf. 
Watts,  Thomas,  d.  May  1,  1862. 
Barnes,  James  A.,  d.  March  30,  1S64 


I  Sanders,  Frank  G.,  d.  May  8,  1862. 
Simmons,  James,  d.  May  12,  1862. 
Johnson,  Galin  E.,  d.  Jan.  11,  1862. 
COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  David  A.  Buckner. 

Crossiand,  James,  d.  May  18,  1364. 
Guist,  Wm,  d.  Sept.  14,  1863. 
Lee.  Caswell,  d.  June  IS,  1862. 
Greer,  Robert,  d.  April  26,  1863. 
Hill,  Thomas  C,  d.  Jan.  7,  1362. 
COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  George  T.  Dodson. 


Johnson,  Timothy  A  ,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Giil,  AIooza  F.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Williamson,  William  \V.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Shannon,  E.  K.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Jones,  Franklin,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Eakes,  Alfred,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Parham,  Robert  S.,  k.  at  Drury's  Bluff. 
Turner,  Goodall,  k.  at  Petersburg. 
McMiller,  Robert  H.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Carson,  Thomas  H.,  d.  March  2,  1863. 
HoVell,  T.  F„  d.  April  10,  1863. 
Rag^dale,  George  W.,  d. 
Price,  John  T.,  d.  March  16,  1862. 
Lytton,  John  M.,  d.  March,  1862. 


Lytton,  James  M.,  d.  March  15,  1S62. 
Johnson,  Jefferson,  d.  March  2,  1863. 
Ellis,  Samuel  P.,  d.  April  22,  1863. 
Major,  James  M.,  d.  Sept.  1,  1862. 
Pope,  James  R.,  d.  Oct.  12,  1862. 
Hall,  William,  d.  Aug.  6,  186a 
Robinson,  Henry  C.  d.  March  30,  186*. 
Hallow-ay,  Dauiel  R.,  d.  April,  1862. 
Hatchcork,  John  R.,  d.  April.  1*62. 
Rhodes,  Jarvis,  d.  March,  1S02. 
Dillon,  James  M.,  d.  May  27,  1362. 
Wren,  William  J.,  d,  March,  1862. 
Pope,  William  A.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Williamson,  James  R.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Yv".  H.  Gibbs. 


Murrell,  John,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Beasden,  Wm.,  k.  at  Chickamauga 
Ray,  Andrew  P.,  k,  at  Perryville. 
Harris,  John  D.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Marcum,  G.  S.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Gill,  John  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Hampton.  John  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Bevils,  James,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Hampton,  James  G.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Coats,  James,  d.  April  29,  1862. 
Fowler,  George  L.,  d.  May  18, 1862. 
Franklin,  John  W.,  d.  May  27,  1S62. 

King,  W.  N.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Loveless,  A.  R.  M.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Dozier,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Chattanooga. 
George,  A.  J.,  k.  at  Bean's  Station. 
Taylor,  A.  S.,  d.  Oct.  9,  1862. 
Cawthorn,  A.  T.,  d.  Sept.  16,  1362. 
Beard,  James,  d.  Dec.  31,  1861. 


Hampton,  A.  J.,  d.  May  13,  1862. 
Bonner,  Wm.  N.,  d.  May  17,  1862. 
Smith,  Wm.  M.,  d.  May  20, 1362. 
Riley,  Samuel  W.,  d.  May  4,  1362. 
Cable,  Franklin,  d.  July,  1563. 
Harper,  Alfred  W.,  d. 
Bowden,  Wm.  T.,  i.  July  -23,  1362. 
McKinney,  Galen  A.,  d.  Aug.  3,  1862. 
Smith,  Martin  L.,  d.  Aug.  14.  1362. 
Caldwell,  A.  J,  d.  Jan.  4,  1862. 
Tial,  John,  d.  Jan.  7, 1362. 


COMPANY  G. 

|  Robertson,  P.  A.,  d.  May  13, 1362, 
!  Hunt,  M.  P..  d.  July  24,  1862. 
Winston,  M.  J.,  d.  July,  1862. 
J  Reed,  R.  R.,  d.  Sept.  6,  1863. 
i  Kirby,  J.  M.,  d.  June  17,  1864. 
I  Sherrin,  W.  L.  H.,  d.  Oct.,  1864. 


Collins,  George  W.,  k.  at  Drury's  Bluff. 
Reafojd,  John  E.,  k.  at  Drury's  Blutf. 
Crews,  Wren,  d.  May  12,  1863. 
Sloan,  Joseph  A.,  d.  Nov.  12,  1863. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  H.  B.  Day. 

Flowers,  Joel  L.,  d.  Sept  20.  1863. 
Wiikerson,  Alfred  M.,  d.  June  1, 1362. 
Defreers,  George,  d.  May  I,  1862. 
Clark,  Jonathan  C,  d.  May  10,  1862. 
COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  Samuel  Jackson. 


Wilson,  Charles  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Jackson,  Capt.  Samuel,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 


Hunt,  Thomas,  k.  at  Bean's  Station. 
Collins,  F.  Mn  k.  at  Bean's  Station. 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls. 


541 


Gatlin,  James  W.,  k.  at  Bean's  Station. 
Bush,  S.  W.,  k.  at  Signal  Hill. 
Blackburn,  W.  G.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Spencer,  Thomas,  d.  Aug.  1, 2864. 
Theucatt,  S.  N.,  d. 


Farehand,  James,  d.  June  23,  1862. 
May,  James,  d.  May  14,  1862. 
Pewett,  J.  B.,  d.  May  15,  *862. 

Peach,  John  W.,  d.  July  <>,  1863. 
Smith,  Kut'u?  K.,  d.  Jan.  5,  1862. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  John  K.  Oliver. 


Jarrett,  E.  M.,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
MeGuire,  Joseph,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Hardin,  Nevill,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Call,  J.  A.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 


Ross,  S.  M.,  k.  near  Knoxville. 
Crabtree,  T.  J.,  d.  May  4,  1863. 
Phillips,  W.  J.,  d,  June  14,  1803. 
Kennedy,  John  H.,  d.  Dec.  23,  1 


FORTY-FIFTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY, 


Official.'] 

Colonel,  A.  Searcy 
Newman;  Assistant 
geon,  John  Murphy. 


Field  and  Staff. 
Lieutenant-colonel,  W.  Hall;  Major,  T.  W.  Newman;  Adjutant,  W.  G. 
Quartermaster,  T.  P.  Johnson;  Surgeon,  J.  S.  Fletcher;  Assistant  S;;r- 


Cowles,  J.  B.,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Pollard,  Pv.  L.,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Enzor,  James,  d.  March  14, 1863 
White,  J.  B.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Wilson,  J.  F,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Nunu,  R.  S.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Shuffield,  J.  Gk,  k.  at  Shiloh, 
Vaden,  C.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Williams,  F.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Woods,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Wilson,  R.  Vv\,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 


Gilmore,  J.  A.,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Carney,  H.  A.,  d.  Feb.  19,  1862. 
Foster,  W.  R-,  d.  Aug!  3,  1862. 
Geers,  J.  D.,  d.  June  6,  1862. 


Smith,  Hugh,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Parker,  L.  F.,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Hunt,  J.  R.,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Bell,  W.  M.,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Sanford,  Benjamin,  k.  at  Chickarnauga. 
Watkins,  E.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Clark,  J.  N.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Dunaway,  G.  W.,  d.  May  27,  1862. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  S.  B.  Wiison. 

Irwin,  B.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
McElhany,  L.  B.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Wilson,  Capt.  S.  B.,  k.  in  battle. 
Wilson,  0.  C.  k.  in  battle. 
Williams,  E.A..  k.  in  battle. 
Russell,  F.  C,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Helm,  J.  C.d.Jan.  24,  1802. 
Andrews,  H.  G.,  d.  Feb.  28,  1362. 
MeGuire,  S.  B.,  d.  Jan.  12,  1862. 
Owen,  R.  W.,  d.  Jan.  26,  1862. 
Andrews,  A.,  d.  Jan.  25,  1863. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  H,  C.  Irby. 

Hill,  B.,  d.  Feb.  5,  1862. 
Hunt,  J.,  d.  July  32,1862. 
Stowe,  W.  W.;  d.  July  15,  1862. 
Wear,  R.  W.,  d. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  R.  Sanford. 

McDermott,  T.  R.,  d.  Feb.  24, 1662. 
Leathers,  J.  W.,  d.  April  22, 1863. 
Kirby,  J.  H.,  d.  April  6,  1863. 
Moore,  J.  M.,  d. 
Mc Daniel,  G.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 
Mullins,  J.  F.,  k.  in  battle. 
McElray,  S.  F.,  k.  in  battle. 
Wade,  W.  H.,  k.  in  battle. 


Doak,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Jarratt,  L.  D.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Alexander,  J.  J.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Feather«ton.  0.  P..  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Fletcher,  B.  D.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  B.  Moore. 

Clark,  R.  N.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Carlton,  John,  k.  m  battle. 
Crick,  F.  G.,  k.  in  battle. 
Rucker,  M.,  d.  Dec.  7,  1863. 
Finger,  T.  hn  d. 


Clark,  W.  D.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridgf 


542 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COM 

Captain, 

Thorn,  \V.  T.,  k.atShiloh. 
Peyton.  R.  3.,  k.  St  Sfailoh. 
Ramsey,  J.  S.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Kirkpatrick,  F.  E.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Flower?,  J.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Foster.  J.  D..  d.  Nov.  3,  1862. 


COM 

Captain, 


Brown,  E.,  k.  in  battle. 
Jennings  W.  J.,  k.  in  battle. 
Puke,  J.  A.,  k.  in  battle. 
Estes.  A.  D.,  k.  in  battle. 
Sullivan,  J.  A.,  k.  in  battle. 
Howell,  Levi,  k.  in  battle. 
Curd,  T.  II.,  k.  in  battle. 
Carver,  J  Rf.,  k.  in  battle. 


Estes,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Lanom,  A.  T~  k.  at  Murfreesboro, 
Gipson,  T.  J.,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Koonce,  G.  W.,  d.  Jan.  15,  18G2. 
O'Neal,  E.  J.,  d.  May  17.  1862. 
Hackney,  G.  B.,  d.  Jan.  16,  1862. 


Davis,  E.  A.,  d.  May  4, 1864. 
Bruce,  John,  d.  Aug.  12,  1663. 
Viverett,  J.  N.,  d.  Jan.  25,  1S64. 
Summers,  F.  W.,  d.  Dec.  18,  1862. 
Shannon,  G.  Yv\  B..  d.  3ept.  22,  1863. 


PA  NY  E. 
W.  H.  Titus. 

Miller.  A.  E.,  d.  April  2,  1862. 

McPeak,  T.  P.,  d.  March  29,  1862. 

Ward,  J.  A.,  d.  March  23,  1862. 

Collier,  W.  B..  d.  Dec.  29,  1861. 

Sanders,  P.  G.,  d.  April  12,1858. 
1  Atkerson,  George  M.  T.,  d. 

PANY  F. 
Hardy  Brett. 
|  Branch,  T.  J.,  k.  in  battle. 

Rutherford,  J.  W,  k.  in  battle. 

Oldham,  W.B.,  k.  in  battle. 

Cawthorn,  L.  P.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 

Andrews,  J.  A.,  k  at  Atlanta. 

Lane,  B.  F.,  d.  Aug.  18,  1863. 

Reese,  J.  W,  d.  Aug.  18,  1863. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain    John  F.  Puckett. 

|  Elam,  K.  E.,  d.  April  30,  1862. 
I  Barkins,  J.  L.,  d.  March  30,  1862. 
'  Bond,  R.  H.,  d.  April  If,  1862. 
Patterson.  Lewis,  d.  Feb.  6,  1863. 
Patterson,  J.  R.,  d.  Juue  22,  ln54. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  A.  W.  Baird. 

Clemmons,  G.  P..  d.  Feb.  4,  1863. ' 
Eskew,  T.  M.,  d.  Feb.  3,  1863. 
Wright.  James,  k.  in  battle. 
Steed,  S.  H.,  k.  in  battle 
Clemmons.  W.  H.,  k.  in  battle. 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  J.  C.  Farmer. 


Lassiter,  John.  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Cotton,  William,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Bowman,  J.  F.,  k.  at  Baton  Rouge. 


Tuttle,  Solomon,  k.  at  Bafcou  Rouge. 
Lassiter,  J.  A.,  d.  Feb.  12.  1862. 
Compton,  Levi,  d.  July  10,  1863. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  L.  B.  White. 


Coleman,  Daniel,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Hodge,  W.  G.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Williams,  J.  H..  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Harrell,  \V„  d.  Oct.  1.  1863. 
Murphy.  J.  P..  d.  July  10.  1863. 
Coleman,  J.  H..  d.  July  28,  1863. 
Coleman,  W.  B..  d.July  1.  1863. 
Pelbridse,  J.  T..  d.  July  27, 1863. 
Glimp,  R.,  d.  March  29,  1862. 


}  Prewett,  H..  d.  June  3,  1862. 
|  Fergus,  W.,  d.  Jan.  21,  18H2. 
j  Rowlett,  H..  d.  Jan.  23,  1861. 
I  Sanford,  J.  H.,  d.  Feh.  20,  1S62. 
i  Smithy,  Timothy,  d.  Feb.  27,  1862. 
|  Tucker,  M.  VV.,  d.  Jan.  2'.),  1862. 
j  Smith,  H.,  d.  Dec.  23,  1862. 
i  McClaren,  G.  W.,  d.  Jan.  27, 1S62. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


o43 


FORTY-SIXTH    TENNESSEE    INFANTRY 


Oj/k-ial.]  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  J.  M.  Clarke;  Lietttennnt~cOlonel,  J.  W.  Johnson;  Major,  J.  S.  Brown;  Surgeon, 
8.  K.  Caldwell;  Assistant  Surgeon.  E.  T.  Taliaferro;  Commissary,  S.  J.  Roy:  Quartermaster, 
B.  F.  Ridge  way;  Adjutant.  J.  S.  Dawson. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  J.  W.  Weldon. 
Swor,  Clandius,  d.  Jan..  l--s62.  l  Walker.  David,  d.  July,  1862. 

Hudson,  W.,  d.  April  8,  1802.  J  Wright,  John,  d.  Feb.,  1802. 

Roberson,  Thomas,  d.  Dec,  1801. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain.  W.  G.  Handle. 
Johnson,  E.,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas.       I  Jackson.  G.  W.,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 
Lucas,  J.  M.,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas.       j  Howe,  E.,  d.  Aug.,  1S02. 
Powell,  Henry,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas.    ■  Ditcgs.  Richard,  <>.  Feb.  1862. 
Williams,  Jepihy,  d.  in  prison  at  Crimp  Doug-  j  Brundridge,  J.  L.,  d.  Fen.,  1862 
las.  !  Barnhill,  S.  A.,  d.  Aug.,  1362. 


Greer,  W.  W.,  k.  at  Port  Hudson. 
Cute,  J.  W.r  k.  at  Port  Hudson. 
Barbee,  M.  A.,  d.  June.  1862. 
Cate,  J.  F..  d.  July,  19,1862. 
Cannon,  J.  N.,  d.  Jan.,  1862. 
Deets,  E.  F.,  a.  June,  1862. 
Grisson,  B.  M..  d. 
Giles,  J.  N.,  k.  >it  Perryvil'.e. 
Haysee,  W.  M.,  d.  June,  1862. 
PIk-ks,  J.  H.,  d.  Feb..  16,  1503. 


Willis,  James  W.,  d.  Jan..  1802 
Winters,  M.  E.,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 
King,  W.  D..  d.  May,  1862. 
Polts,  A.  R..  d.  July.  1862. 
Parker,  G.  H.,  d.  June,  1862. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  S.  W.  Cockraa. 

Lassater,  W.  J.,  d.  Jan.  16,  1863. 
Myeriek,  J.  W..  k.  at  Perryville. 
Myeriek,  W.  H.,  d.  Jan..  1862. 
Myerick,  L.  A.,  d.  May.  1862. 
Puokeit,  C.  A.,  d.  May,  1862. 
Pettyjohn,  J.  P.,  d.  June.  1862. 
Righy.  C.  K.,  k.  at  PenyviJie. 
Smithson,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Perryviile. 
Underwood.  J.  W.,  d.  Aug.,  1S62. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  3.  C.  Cooper. 

;  Martin.  B.  G.,  d.  May  o,  1862. 
j  Jobe,  R.  il.,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 
:  Carson,  J.  A.,  d.  April  27.  1862. 
!  Venabie,  j.  B..  d.  April,  1862. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  A.  Tnorpe. 
Malone.  George,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas,    i  Haines,  W.  H.,  d.  April.  1862. 
Todd,  W.  H„  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas.        Hughes,  C.  T-,  d.  Oct.  :\  1*62. 
Lowery,  J.  H.,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Douglas.    '  Grisson.  Solomon,  d.  in  prison. 
Johnson,  John,  1.  Jan..  1862.  Moody,  W.  J.,  d.  in  prison. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  W.  T.  Sims. 

-    I  Hartsfield,  B..  d.  Aug.,  1862. 
:  Evans,  J.,  d.  Nov.  8.  1862. 
'  Cantwell,  S.,  >i.  April,  1S62. 
.  Bowden,  T.  L.,  J.  June,  1862. 
1  Sims,  J.  H,  d.  June.  1862. 


Wilkerson,  J.  J.,  d.  June,  1862. 
Powell,  S.  O.,  d.  July.  1862, 
Nichols,  J   W.,  d.  Sent..  1862. 
Moore,  E.,  d.  Aug.,  1862. 
Key,  F.  L.,  d.  July,  1862. 
Journey,  R.  S.,  d.  May  15, 1862. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  P.  H.  Rand! 


Jenkins,  Thomas,  d.  April.  18' 
MeKibsick,  Daniel,  d.  \\  ril  7, 


Grissom.  N.  M..  d.  at  Camp  Douglas 
Green* Ti  H-,d  at  Camp  Dougla*. 


5te 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  VV.  D.  Haynes. 


Johnson,  Bushbv,  d.  iu  prison  at  Camp  Batter; 
Cocper,  L.  C,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Butter. 
Rodgers,  J.  R..  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Butler. 
Wren,  K.  V.,  d.  m  prison  at  Camp  Butler. 
Randell,  W.  W.,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Butler. 
Harney,  S.  G.,  d.  Nov.  17.  18(32. 


Lee,  D.  C,  d.  at  Camp  Doug!; 
King,  W.  E.,  (i  Feb.,  1862. 
Hays,  J.  M-,  d.  April  1, 1863. 
Caldwell,  IX  O,  a.  Jan.,  7,  1862 


Holden,  Elias,  d.  June  26,  1862. 
Mathis,  T.  H.,  d.  July  29,  1S63. 


Sullivan,  E.  P.,  d.  at  Camp  Butler. 
Thompson,  II.,  d.  April  2,  1862. J 
Vancleve,  Henry,  d.  Nov.,  1862, 
Young,  L.  M.,  d.  Jan.  18,  1862. 
Sullivan,  T.  F.,  d.  April,  1862. 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  R.  A.  Owens. 

Almond,  J.  W.,  d.  April  7,  1863. 
Williams,  R.  D.,  d.  April  10,  1863. 
Whitfield,  Win.,  d.  Juiy  oO,  18.62. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  J.  D.  Paschall. 

[  Spradling,  V.  D.,  d.  April  2,  1863. 


FORTY-SEVENTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


Official.'] 


Colonel,  Yv.  M.  Watkins. 


COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  William  Stacey. 


Brown,  O.  R-,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
McDonald,  John,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Caudle,  M.  R.,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Guy,  J.  H.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Kirk,  T.  C,  d. 
Reeves,  J.  B.,  d.  Jan.  9,  1863. 
Roberts,  John,  d.  Dec,  1862. 
Wade,  T.  R-,  d.  April  5.  1863. 
San  ford,  R.  H-  d.  May  5,  1862. 
Wallace,  N.  C,  d.  May  8,  1S62. 
Latimore,  Jamtrs,  d.  May  12,  1S62. 
Wills,  J.  P.,  d.  Aug.  5,  1S02. 
Young,  Joseph,  d.  July  1, 1862. 
Exin,  E.  G.,  d.Sept.  18, 1862. 


|  Garrett,  J.  W.,  d.  Sept.  28,  1862. 
I  Morris.  J.  P.,  d.  Oct.  12,  1862. 

Moffat,  T.  B.,  d.  at  Rives,  Tenn. 

Stacy,  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 

Griggs,  John,  k.  at  Atlanta. 

Harris,  S.  A.  M.,  k.  iu  Georgia,  1864. 

Moore.  J.  B.,  d.  in  service. 

Montgomery,  Win.,  d.  in  service. 

Patterson,  John,  k.  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Wade,  Cianton,  d.  in  service. 

Younger,  Joe,  d.  in  service. 

Martin,  Cuff,  d.  in  service. 

Phillips,  Sam,  d.  in  service. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  R.  B.  Patterson. 


Sinclair,  James  H.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Kellow,  Geo.  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Bowen,  J.  F.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Sanders,  W.  L.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Taylor,  J.  H-,  k.  as  Missionary  Ridge. 
As  prey,  J.  P.,  d.  Feb.  28,  1863. 
Arnold,  W.  C,  d.  Feb.  25,  1863. 
Montgomery,  J.  S.,  d.  June  24,  1562. 


Benthal,  M.,  d.  June  26, 1862. 
Bancum,  N.  C,  d.  June  6,  1862. 
Nettle,  James,  d.  June  20,  1862. 
Tunkle,  S.  W.,  d.  July  6,  1862. 
Reeves,  W.  L.,  d.  Aug.  1,  1862. 
Ashford,  J.  M.,  d.  Sept,  1,  1862. 
Ballard,  Jos.,  d.  Sept.  7,  1862, 


COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  P.  Marchant. 
Wyne,  H.  J.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge.  j  Petty,  J.  F.,  d. 

Wyne  J  T.  k.  at  Chiekamauga.  ' 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        545 


Craig,  G.  B.,  k.  at  Richmond*  Ky. 
Cieefc,  J.  H.,  d.  June  16, 1862. 
Cowell,  John  G.,  d.  June  1,  1862. 


COMPANY  I). 
Captain,  W.  M.  Watkins. 

Piatt,  Darius,  d.  May  6,  1862. 
Walker,  W.  T.,  d.  July  12,  1862. 
Wilcox,  B.  F.,  d.  June  30,  1862. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Frank  G.  Sampson. 


Souell,  P.  C,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Barnett,  John  E.,  k.  at  Richmond. 
Bushby,  Robert,  d. 
Edwards,  Spencer,  d. 
Hicks,  Daniel,  d.  June  5,  1862. 


Ht-nry,  John  T.,  k.  May  17,  1862. 
Edwards,  Lemuel  C,  d. 
Lumpley,  Jos.,  d. 
Wall,  Albert  H.,  d. 


Rust,  W.  J.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Rogers,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Mufreesboro. 
Lankford,  V,'.  H.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Wood,  M.  M.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Morphis,  W.  J.,  k.  at  Corinth. 
Warmouth.  \V.  H.,  d. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  T.  J.  Carthell. 
Ma  tries,  G.  F 


Captain,  T 
Stewart,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 
Abbott.  S.  E.,  d.  Dec.  30, 1863. 
Crofton,  R   I..,  d.  Oct.  4, 1S62. 
Colman,  J.  T.,  d.  June  25,  1882. 
Guthrie,  James,  d.  June  30,  1362. 


.  d.  March,  1863. 
Clay,  W.  H.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Coppedge,  John,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Campbell,  W.  H.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Lovin,  W.  C,  k.  in  battle. 
1  Fly,  J.  L.,  d.  Feb.  20,  1862. 

COMPANY  G. 

J.  Carthell. 

Grady,  M.  L.,  d.  June  21, 1862. 
Wallace,  C.  D.,  d.  May  23,  1862. 
King,  W.  D..  d.  Oct.  29,  1S62. 
Ward,  C.  J.,  d.  Oct.  2,  1862. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  J.  A.  Duncan. 


Buddix,  W.  D.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Owens,  J.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Waddy,  M.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Worrell,  N.  B.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Alptum,  A.,  k.  at  Shi!oh. 
Whilley,  J.,  d. 

Tuck,  J.  H.,  d.  Sept.  12,  1S62. 
Pace,  T.  J.,  d.  June  6,  1S62. 
Reed,  H.  B.,  d.  Feb.  5,  1864. 
Boyett,  J.  H.,  d.  Jan.  27,  1863. 
Webb,  G.  W..  d.  Aug.  10,  1862. 
Grippin,  D.  T.,  k.  at  Richmond. 
Gillam,  A.  V.,  d.  Aug.  13, 1862. 


Dyer,  J.  B.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Martin,  R.  T„  k.  at  Richmond. 
Oliver,  M.  F.,  k.  at  Richmond. 


Hanks,  P.  L..  d.  July  4,  1862. 
Morrow,  H.  C,  d.  June  6.  1862. 
Dugan,  J.  H.,  d.  June  1,  1S62. 
Ellington,  P.  A.,  d.  June.  1S62. 
Elston,  W,  d.  June.  1862. 
Harget,  A.  F.,  d.  May  27,  1862. 
Lorett.  G.  Y/.,  d.  June  16,  1862. 
Biggs,  J.  H.,  d.  March  20,  1862. 
Algea,  J.S.,  d.  June  1.  1862. 
Loudon,  T.  J.,  d.  May  13,  1862. 
MoKnight,  S.  A.,  d.  June  6,  1862. 
Tiigham,  S.  R,  d.  May  7,  1362. 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  J.  R.  Oliver. 

Hargus,  T.  G.,  d.  July  3, 1862. 
Rassdale.  J.  A.,  d.  Jan.  20,  1863. 
Pursley,S.  M.,  d.  May  31,  1863. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  T.  E.  Cummings. 
Blankenship,  E.,  k.at  Murfreesboro.  j  Brewer,  N.  B.,  d.  March  7, 1863. 

Jetton,  J.  R.,  If.  at  Richmond.  J  Jarvis,  H.  C,  d. 

Roberts,  Thomas,  d  I 

35 


5-16  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


FORTY-EIGHTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY, 

(VOORHEES'S.) 
By  Joseph  Love,  Cui.leoka,  Tenn. 

On  the  12th  of  December,  18.61,  the  companies  to  compose  the  Forty-eighth 
Tennessee  Infantry  arrived  at  CampManev,  a  few  mites  north  of  Nashville,  Tenn 
Six  of  these  companies  were  from  Maury  county,  three  from  Hickman,  and  one 
from  Lewis.  In  a  few  days  a  regimental  organization  was  effected.  Two  compa- 
nies (K  and  E),  Capts.  Jamison  and  George  W.  Gordon,  were  ordered  the  next 
day  to  Clarksville;  from  thence  to  Kentucky,  south  of  Bowling  Green,  to  do  guard 
duty — Capt.  Jamison  at  Whip-poor-will  and  Capt.  Gordon  at  Elk  Fork  bridge. 

'Die  Captain  of  Co.  E,  George  W. "Gordon,  deserves  more  than  a  passing  notice. 
Of  commanding  appearance,  gray-haired,  full  of  vigor  though  in  his  sixtieth  year, 
lie  was  altogether  my  ideal  of  a  Christian  soldier.  While  we  were  guarding  the 
bridge  at  this  place  he  would  call  the  boys  around  him  at  the  close  of  day  and  ask 
God's  blessing  upon  tiiose  under  his  command.  He  carried  a  moral  atmosphere 
with  him  wherever  he  went.  His  genial  manners  made  him  a  favorite  in  prison. 
and  his  friends  looked  forward  with  certainty  to  his  promotion  when  exchanged. 
ITe  was  taken  sick  on  his  way  from  prison  to  Vicksburg;  and  there,  in  one  of  its 
beautiful  cemeteries,  away  from  those  he  loved,  sleeps  one  of  the  purest  men  I 
ever  knew. 

The  regiment  was  ordered  from  Camp  Maney  to  Clarksville;  from  thence  to 
Danville,  on  the  Tennessee  River:  from  thence  to  Fort  Henry;  after  the  fight 
there,  to  Fort  Donelson — Cos.  E.  and  K  joining  the  regiment  at  For:  Donelson  on 
Friday  night,  February  15.  It  was  the  last  infantry  to  leave  Kentucky,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  on  the  I6th  and  17th,  Col.  Heiman,  of  the  Tenth  Tennessee, 
commanding  the  brigade;  lost  only  one  man  in  a  charge  Saturday  evening.  In 
the  retreat  from  Fort  Henry  the  baggage  and  clothing  of  the  regiment  were  capt- 
ured, and  when  the  regiment  reached  Donelson  a  detail  was  made  from  each  com- 
pany to  return  home  and  collect  Clothing,  etc.;  and  the  measles  having  broken 
out  in  the  regiment,  we  surrendered  only  three  hundred  and  sixty  men.  With 
those  detailed  and  recruits  from  the  hospital,  and  those  who  made  their  escape 
from  Fort  Donelson,  a  small  battalion  was  formed  at  Corinth,  with  five  new  com- 
panies from  Lawrence  and  Wayne  counties,  and  placed  under  Col.  Nixon  till  we 
were  exchanged. 

As  prisoners  of  war  the  field  officers  were  sent  to  Fort  Warren,  Mass.;  line  of- 
ficers to  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  but  on  the  first  day  of  May.  1S62,  were  transferred 
to  Johnson's  Island,  Lake  Erie;  the  enlisted  men  to  Camp  Douglas,  111.  We  re- 
mained in  prison  till  the  middle  of  August,  and  were  then  sent  to  Vicksburg, 
Miss.,  as  exchanged.  The  field  officers  were  exchanged  at  Akin's  Landing,  V.u, 
on  the  James  River,  From  Viofcsburg  we  were  sent  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  where  all 
the  Tennessee  troops  were  reorganize'.!  for  the  war.  Col.  W.  M.  Voorhees  was  re- 
elected Colonel.  Capt.  A.  S.  Godwin  was  elected  Lieutenant-colonel:  Capt.  A.  J. 
Campbell,  Major.  Sergeant  William  Polk,  of  the  Third  Tennessee,  wa.s  pro- 
moted to  Adjutant,  and  Thos.  D.  Spindle,  private  Co.  E,  Quartermaster;  W.  M. 
Sullivan,  Commissary.  Line  officers:  Capt.  T.  E.  Jamison,  Co.  K  ('reelected'!; 
Capt.  J.  D.  Howard,  Co.  B  (reflected) ;  Capt.  Samuel  Whiteside,  Co.  C  (reelected) ; 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


5-i" 


Capt.  E.  C,  Cantrell,  Co.  D;  Gapt.  Jo.  Love,  Co.  E;  Capt.  I.  J.  Howlett,  Co.  F; 
Cipt.  A.  F.  Aydolett,  Co.  H;  Capt.  C.  W.  Vestal,  Co.  K;  Capt.  II.  R.  Walker,  Co. 
G;  Capt.  William  Ea.ley,  Co.  A. 

The  tield  oriicers  and  two  line  oflicers,  with  non-commissioned  officers  from  each 
company,  were  ordered  to  Tennessee  to  recruit  and  collect  up  the  enlisted  men 
then  with  Nixon's  Forty-fifth,  Gen.  Polk's  brigade,  at  Shelbyville.  The  re- 
mainder of  the  regiment,  under  Capts.  J.  D.  Howard  and  Jo.  Ix)ve,  were  incorpo- 
rated with  the  Third  Tennessee,  encamped  at  Holly  Springs,  Miss.  The  detach- 
ment remained  only  a  few  days,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Port  Pludson,  La.,  reach- 
ing there  on  the  27th  of  Oct..  1862.  December  27th  the  tield  officers,  together 
with  the  men,  rejoined  the  detachment.  For  the  first  time,  except  during  the 
battle  at  Fort  Donelson,  the  whole  regiment  was  all  together.  We  were  made 
part  of  Gen.  S.  B.  Maxev's  brigade,  composed  of  the  following  regiments:  Forty- 
second,  Fifty-third,  Forty-sixth,  Fifty-fifth,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Ten- 
nessee, and  the  Thirtieth  and  Fourth  Louisiana. 

We  remained  at  Port  Hudson  till  May  3,  1863,  sustaining  the  severe  bombard- 
ment when  the  Federal  gun-boats  passed  our  batteries  on  the  14th  of  March.  Mai. 
A.  J.  Campbell  had  been  in  very  bad  health  for  some  time,  resulting  from  brutal 
and  inhuman  treatment  and  exposure  in  prison.  At  last  his  brave  spirit  yielded, 
and  another  soldier  was  at  rest.  From  Port  Hudson  we  were  ordered  to  Jackson, 
Miss.  At  Brookhaven,  Miss.,  the  whole  brigade  was  en  route.  The  Fifty-fifth 
and  Fifty-third  regiments  being  in  the  front  train,  they  reached  Raymond  in  time 
to  have  all  their  baggage  captured.  On  reaching  a  point  some  twenty  miles  from 
Jackson  we  found  the  Federals  had  torn  up  the  railroad  track,  and  a  dispatch 
reached  Gen.  Maxey  that  Jackson  had  been  abandoned  by  our  forces.  We  re- 
turned to  Brookhaven,  and  made  a  detour  to  the  Southern  railroad.  Grant  passed 
on  to  Vieksburg,  and  we  then  entered  Jackson.  We  were  in  Loring's  division, 
and  took  part  in  all  the  engagements  in  and  around  Jackson  from  the  10th  to  the 
16th  of  July.  After  the  death  of  Maj.  A.  J.  Campbell,  Capt.  Jo.  L>.  Howard  was 
promoted  to  Major. 

After  the  retreat  from  Jackson  we  were  ordered  to  Mobile.  There  Gen.  Maxey 
wa-  ordered  to  report  to  Richmond  to  take  command  elsewhere.  Col.  W.  A. 
Quarles  then  assumed  command,  and  was  soon  after  made  Brigadier-general.  Gen. 
Quarles  was  a  brave  and  dashing  commander,  and  the  boys  had  confidence  in  him. 
We  remained  in  his  brigade  till  the  close  of  the  war.  We  arrived  at  Mobile  Sep- 
tember 1,  guarding  the  coast  from  Pascagoula  to  Mobile. 

At  one  time  the  Forty-eighth  Regiment  with  a  battery  was  sent  to  Pascagoula 
to  guard  a  steamer  that  had  succeeded  in  running  the  blockade,  but  the  was  pur- 
sued so  closely  that  she  had  to  beach  herself.  From  Mobile  we  were  ordered  to 
the  Army  of  Tennessee:  reached  Dalton,  Ga.,  November  26th.  In  January  we 
were  again  ordered  to  Mobile;  were  then  sent  to  join  Polk's  army,  to  meet  the  ad- 
vance of  Gen.  Sherman — placed  in  Gen.  French's  division.  We  retreated  with 
Gen.  Polk's  army  to  Meridian.  Were  again  ordered  back  to  Mobile.  From 
Mobile  ordered  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  joining  Gen.  Johnston  at  New  Hope 
Church,  May  27th,  1864,  and  taking  part  in  ail  the  engagements  from  New  Hope, 
Pine  Mountain,  Kennesaw,  Peach-tree  Creek,  Atlanta,  Lick-skillet  road,  to  July 
28th.  This  was  the  hottest  contest  we  engaged  in  during  the  war.  Our  brigade 
lost  in  killed  and  wounded  over  one-half  of   its  men.     On  the  extreme  left  of 


54S  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee, 


Hood's  army  the  skirmish  line  was  commanded  by  Capt.  Jo.  Love.  On  his  right- 
in  a  skirt  of  woods  the  Fifty-third  and  Forty-ninth  were  hotly  engaged.  The 
skirmish  line  extended  through  an  old  held  some  two  hundred  yards  wide  to  u 
dense  wood  which  the  Federals  were  trying  to  oecupy.  The  enemy  would  hurl 
their  double  line  of  battle  against  our  forces  and  drive  them  down  the  hill:  so  soon 
as  thy  attempted  to  extend  their  line,  our  men  would  drive  them  back.  This 
was  repeated  three  times.  The  third  time  a  Federal  regiment  emerged  from  the 
woods,  one  man  carrying  three  guns  and  bis  comrades  two  rails  each;  in  this  way  a 
line  of  breastworks  was  thrown  across  the  open  space  in  ten  minutes.  Lieut.  J. 
W.  Kerr  was  severely  wounded  here.  In  a  short  time  after  this  engagement, 
Federal  cavalry  was  threatening  our  railroad  in  rear  of  Atlanta.  Gen.  W.  H. 
Jackson  called  for  a  small  force  of  infantry  to  assist  him  in  protecting  the  read. 
Gen.  Reynolds,  of  Walthall's  division,  was  ordered  to  go  to  Jackson's  support. 
One  regiment  of  his  brigade  being  on  picket  line,  the  Forty-eighth  Tennessee  was 
ordered  to  accompany  Gen.  Reynolds,  Lieut.-col.  A.  S.  Godwin  in  command. 
Reynolds's  whole  force  numbered  about  three  hundred  men.  We  got  aboard  the 
cars,  ran  down  to  Jonesboro,  where  the  Federal  cavalry  had  torn  up  the  railroad 
track  half  a  mile,  and  had  passed  on  down  the  road.  Another  train  below  the 
break  carried  us  on  to  L©vejoy*s  Station,  where  Jackson  met  us  and  informed  us 
that  there  we  could  have  a  tight.  We  formed  a  line,  and  advanced  but  one  hundred 
yards  before  we  encountered  the  Federal  cavalry.  Although  they  were  in  force, 
and  had  built  pens  of  rails  and  logs  for  protection,  they  seemed  paralyzed  when 
they  saw  they  were  attacked  by  infantry.  A  perfect  panic  followed.  Gen.  Jack- 
son was  in  their  rear.  Within  the  space  of  twenty  minutes  we  killed  seventy- 
four  and  captured  twenty-three  prisoners.  Some  of  the  prisoners  were  so  drunk 
that  we  had  to  lift  them  on  the  train.  We  immediately  returned  to  Jonesboro. 
•  One  incident  connected  with  this  engagement  I  would  like  to  mention.  When 
we  reached  Jonesboro  two  ladies  living  near  came  to  our  camp  and  reported  that 
a  squad  of  Federals  had  that  morning  plundered  their  house,  and  one  had  stolen 
various  articles  they  prized  very  highly.  Two  rings  given  to  them  by  a  dead  sol- 
dier brother  had  been  taken  from  them.  Sergt.  Jo.  Rainey,  of  Co.  E,  informed 
them  that  a  wounded  Federal  in  the  car  had  on  rings  such  as  they  described.  He 
went  with  them  to  the  car,  and  they  recognized  the  man  at  once  and  secured  their 
rings.     Next  morning  that  poor  wretch  was  dead. 

From  this  time  on  the  regiment  continued  with  Gen.  Hood;  went  into  Ten- 
nessee with  hira.  We  remained  three  days  in  Maury  county,  at  our  homes,  there- 
fore were  not  in  the  battle  at  Franklin,  Tenn.  The  regiment  then  joined  Hood 
at  Nashville,  and  took  an  active  part  in  the  two  days  engagement  at  that  place. 
Early  on  the  morning  of  Dec.  15,  Capt.  Love  was  put  in  command  of  a  force  to 
complete  a  fort  on  Hood's  left,  on  the  Granny  White  pike.  About  noon  he  was 
ordered  to  report  to  his  regiment  near  by,  and  a  detail  from  Quarles's  brigade,  under 
Major  T.  E.  Jamison,  of  the  Forty-eighth;  Major  Howard  having  resigned  on  ac- 
count of  defective  si^ht.  Scarcely  had  the  brigade  moved  away  before  a  strong 
cavalry  force  attacked  the  fort,  and  was  repulsed  with  great  loss.  Shortly  they  were 
attacked  by  the  infantry.  Our  men  stood  heroically,  many  of  them  barefooted  in 
the  snow,  and  when  overpowered  fought  with  clubbed  guns.  Sergt.  William 
Trousdale,  of  Co.  E;  Charley  Jones,  of  Co.  K;  Lieut.  Maeiin,  of  the  Fifty-third 
Tennessee,  daringly  cut  through  the  Federal  host  and  joined  their  commands 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Holls. 


5i9 


that  night.  Major  Jamison  was  severely  wounded  in  the  thigh.  He  was  taken  to 
Fort  Delaware,  and  was  one  oi'  the  sixty-two  who  were  kept  there  till  August,  1SG5. 

Our  brigade  took  position  behind  a  rock  wall;  soon  the  enemy  captured  another 
fort  in  our  front,  turned  our  own  guns  upon  us,  ami  a  brigade  of  the  enemy  was 
rapidly  moving  on  our  left  flank.  We  fell  back  in  good  order  through  a  field  of 
recently  plowed  ground.  Here  Capt.  J.  P.  Church  had  his  leg  shot  off.  Color- 
bearer  Craig  was  shot  down,  and  others  badly  wounded.  Next  day  we  occupied 
an  exposed  space  to  the  right  of  Fioiey's  brigade,  with  no  protection;  the  Federal 
line  within  severity  yards  of  us.  Ave  were  compelled  to  lie  down,  as  the  lea^t  ex- 
posure was  sure  to  result  in  death;  all  day  long  we  could  see  the  Federal  line  en- 
circling us.  Here  Lieut.  W.  B.  Wood,  of  Co.  K,  had  one  arm  and  part  of  the 
other  hand  shot  oft*  by  a  cannon-ball.  We  saw  our  line  give  way  on  the  hill  above 
us.  Soon  the  Federa  Is  had  full  possession  of  the  fort ;  then  our  whole  line  gave  way. 
In  the  retreat  Col.  Voorhees  was  wounded  in  the  leg  and  captured. 

The  regiment  retreated  with  Hood  and  came  under  the  command  of  Gen.  For- 
rest, commanding  rear-guard  of  Hood's  army;  was  engaged  in  that  sharp  contest 
at  Anthony's  Hill,  near  Pulaski.  Tenn..  capturing  a  Federal  battery.  The  regi- 
ment then  went  to  North  Carolina,  reached  Gen.  Bragg  at  Kingston;  a  mere  hand- 
ful of  men  took  part  in  that  engagement,  Capt.  Love  commanding;  Gen.  George 
D.  Johnson  commanding  Quarles's  brigade  here  as  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Gen. 
Quarles  having  been  wounded  at  Franklin,  Tenn.  In  this  engagement  Lieut.  II. 
Crawford,  of  Co.  H,  Forty -eighth  Tennessee,  was  killed;  also  Sergt.  Trousdale, 
who  had  so  bravely  cut  his  way  out  through  the  Federal  host  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
We  also  took  an  active  part  in  the  battle  of  Bentonville,  charging  and  capturing 
one  line  of  the  enemy's  breastworks.     Surrendered  March  19,  1365. 


FORTY-EIGHTH 


TENNESSEE 

(NIXON'S.) 


INFANTRY. 


OjficiaL]  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  G.  H.  Nixon;  Lieutenam-eolouel,  T.  R.  Hughes;  Major,  J.  T.  Younger;  Quarter- 
master, J.  C.  Wooten;  Commissary,  W.  C.  Richardson;  Surgeon,  J.  F.  Scott;  Assistant  Sur- 
geon, H.  VV.  Hunter;  Adjutant,  M.  L.  Montague;  Chaplain,  William  Quails. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  D.  R.  Sowell. 
Campbell,  Edward,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky.  Hall,  A.  J.,  d.  April  12,  1862, 

Foster,  S.  F.,  d.  May  14,  1862. 
Finch,  G.  W.,  d.  May  13,  1S62. 
Grimes,  W.  E.,  d. 
Grimes,  L.  C,  d. 
Harrell,  T.  J.,  d.  July  13, 1862. 


Lintz,  John,  d.  Jan.  30.  1862. 
Morris,  Calvin,  d.  March  5, 1362. 
Warren,  Enoch,  d.  Feb.  20,  1362. 
Oliver,  Capr.  J.  A.,  d.  Feb.  23,  1362. 
Brown,  Samuel,  d.  March  5,  1862. 
Frizei!,  William,  d.  Jan.  31.  186& 
Hale,  A.  J.,  d.  April  U.  1862. 


Prichard,  T.  B.,  d.  May  20,  1362. 

Pope.  G.  W.,  d.  May  29,  1302. 

Simms,  John  R.,  d.  June  2, 1362. 
j  Turner,  Jasper,  d.  May  17,  1362. 
'  Turner,  Abner,  d.  May  30,  1862. 
COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Samuel  A.  Whiteside. 

Jenkins,  J.  C,  d.  Feb.  14,  1362. 

Overby,  Drury,  d.  Feb.  5,  1862. 

Steele,  W.  T.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1362. 

Winn,  B.  F,  d.  Feb.  6, 1362. 

Wood,  T.  J.,  d.  Jan.  23,  1862. 

Henderson,  John  T.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Kv. 


550 


Militaby  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  C.  C.  Harris. 


Duggar,  Alonzo,  k.  at  Perryville,  Ky. 
Byrd,  D.  O,  k.  at  Richmond.  Ky. 
Denton,  W.  J.,  d.  May  3,  1862. 
Griffin,  M.  J.,  d.  May  13,  1SG2. 
Norria,  E.  S.,  d.  Sept.  6, 1862. 


Jewell,  W.  E.,  d.  June  10, 1862. 
Lee.  G.  W.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 
McBride,  C.  W,  d.  June  1,  1862. 

Smith,  D.  J.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 


Perry,  J.  W.,  d.  Feb.  2, 1802. 
McCallup,  M..  d.  Feb.  20,  1862. 
Tatom,  G.  M.,  d.  Feb.  4,  1862. 
McCollum,  £'.  M.,  k.  at  Perryville,  Ky. 
Barne?,  C.  C,  d.  Aug.  1,  1SC2. 
Eas'ey,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Kv. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  S.  J.  George. 

Ratliff,  John,  d.  July  1,  1862, 
Burcham,  W.  J.,  d.  April  8,  1862. 
Denton,  Henry,  d.  Feb.  20,  1862. 
Gill,  T.  J.,  d.  May  14,  1862. 
Shouse,  F.  C,  d.  June  16,  1852. 


COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  Dooley  McKinney. 


Estes,  W.  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Martin,  M.  L.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
McMorris,  Win-,  d.  Dec.  12,  1861. 
Brown,  Martin  P.,  d.  Apr.  25,  1862. 
Hoffman.  Edward  C,  d.  April  28,  1862. 
White,  Noah  E.,  d.  May  10,  1862. 
Brown,  McKinney,  d.  May  19,  1862. 


Mathews,  William,  d.  May  24, 1862. 
Hill,  Wiiliam  H..  d.  Aug.  25,  1862. 
Johnson,  Harrison,  d. 
Brown,  VV.  D.,  d.  Sept.  24,  1862. 
Dooley,  J.  B.,  d.  March  22,  1863. 
Kinzer,  H.,  d.  March  22,  1S63. 


Churefiweil,  D.  M.,  d.  April  29, 1863. 
Waller.  Martin  V,  d.  Feb.  8,  1862. 
Sanderson,  H.  J.,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 
Reaves,  Joseph  C,  d.  Feb.  7, 1862. 
Reynolds,  Samuel,  d.  Feb.  15,  1862. 
Leroy,  Robert,  d.  Feb.  3,  1862. 
McM:ihon,  W.  J.,  d.  Feb.  7, 1863. 
Harria-ton.  A.  B.,  d.  Feb.  18,  1863. 
Humphreys,  J.  H.,  d.  Feb.  2,  1863. 
Carter.  John  F.?  d.  Feb.  14,  1862. 
Whitaker,  Jumes  W.,  d.  Feb.  4,  1S62. 
Hardin,  A.  K..  d.  March  5,  1862. 
Huckabee,  -T.  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Crossus,  Samuel,  k.  in  battle. 
Benham,  E.  J.,  d.  Nov.  5,  1863. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  James  Jackson. 

Duggar,  Frank,  d.  March  6,  1853. 
Howell,  Henderson,  d.  March,  1863. 
Jewell,  Wrn.  E.,  d. 

Duggan,  Alonzo,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 
Smith,  Elijah,  d.  Oct.,  1862. 
Loyd,  Owen.,  d.  Jan.  27,  1863. 
Old,  J.  B,  .I.Jan.  2c,  1862. 
Henry,  Jesse,  d.  Nov.  30,  1862. 
Benham,  J.  V.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 
Whitaker,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 
Moore,  K.  C,  d.  June  21,  1*62. 
Roberts.  A.  A.,  d.  May,  1862. 
Roach,  William  3.,  d.  May,  1862, 
Staggs,  James  N.,  d.  May,  1862. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  Lewis  Miller. 
Palmore.  George  W.,  d.  Sept.  15, 1862.  I  Ingram,  Elihu,  d.  Feb.  26,  1862. 

Baronett,  James  W,  d.  Feb.  25,  1862.  |  Pullin,  John  R.,  d.  Feb.  23,  1862. 

Smith,  Robert  W„  d.  Feb.  8,  1862.  Smith,  John  H.,  d.  March  17,  1862. 

Bean.  Thomas  J.,  d.  Feb.  18,  1862.  j  Griffin,  Thomas  B.,  d.  May  15.  1862. 

Clifton,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  24,  1862.  Foust,  Jesse  M.,  d.  June  23,  1S62. 

Foust,  Thomas  H.,  d.  Feb.  18.  1862.  Wisdom,  T.  H.,  d.  Oct,  1863. 

Freeman,  Alfred  S-,  d.  March  17,  1862. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  N.  A.  Carroll. 
Thomas,  R.  H.,  d.  Nov.  3<>,  1863.  j  Curry.  J.  E,  d.  Cot.  16,  1S62. 

McAnally,  W.  J.,  d.  July  26,  1863.  Balleniine,  J.  W..  d.  FeK  25,  1862. 

Baird,  J.'  C,  d.  July  5,  1863.  Bailey,  J.  W.,  d.  Feb.  21,  1862. 

Patter-on.  A.  N..  d.  June  23. 1862.  Churehwe'.i,  J.  S,  d.  Feb.  28,  1862. 

Pollock,  C.  C,  d.  May  7,  1862.  I  Davis,  J.  A.,  d.  March  2,  1862. 


^•96*    g 


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Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


551 


Davi?,  W.  H.,  d,  Feb.  10,  1802. 
Edgar,  William  A.,  d.  Dee.  19,  1862. 

Scott,  P.  M.,  d.  Feb.  19,  18b2. 
Kinnaird,  Albert  D.,  d.  March  3,  1SG2. 
Derryberry,  Marshall  W.,  d.  March  1, 1362, 
Wright,  John  H.,  d.  March  17,  1862. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  Henry  G.  Evans 
Bradley,  Robert  I.,  k.  at  Ghickamauga. 
Durbin,  Thomas,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Whitten,  D.  H.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Riekman,  J.  N.,  d.  March  31,  1862. 
Cunningham,  W.  B.,  d.  March  15,  1862. 
Lyles,  John,  d.  Nov.  18,  1862. 
Ives,  John  D.,  d.  Sept.  11,  1862. 
Allen,  Dick,  d.  July  6,  1862, 


Rummage,  J.  A.,  d.  Jan.  23, 1862. 
Robeson,  H.  J.,  d.  June  17,  1862. 
Hardison,  .Mar-hid!  E.,  d.  March  12,  1862 
Fassetfc,  Wm.,  d.  March  12,  1862. 
Fox.  Harris,  d.  June  1,  1862. 


I  Hayes,  C.  P.,  d.  Aug.  3,  1862. 

Olive,  J.  B.,  d.  July  19,1862. 
j  Smith,  Thomas,  d.  Sept.,  1S62. 
I  Whitten,  C.  E.,  d.  July  12.  1SC2. 
'  Burks,  J.  J.,  d.  Sept.,  1862. 

Allen.  Bob,  d.  May  15, 1862. 

Wiley,  J.  C,  d.  May  27,  1802. 

Williams,  B.  M.,  d.  May  18,  1862 


White,  Capt.  James  M.,  d.  Nov.  U 
Lindsey,  Capt.  J.  B.,  k.  in  battle. 
Pettis,  A.  J.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Crews,  W.  T.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Blake,  W.  O.,  d.  Oct.  18,  1863. 
Anthony,  T.  D.,  d.  Aug.  2, 1863. 
Simms,  J.  K,  d.  April  4, 1863. 
Kirkiand,  John,  d'.  Feb.  5.  1862. 
Vaughan,  W.  O..  d.  Feb.  8,  1862. 
Chapman,  T.  M.,  d.  Aug.  19,  1862. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  J.  B.  Lindsey. 
1862.  ;  Vick.  J.  W.,  d.  June  11,  1802. 

i  Clayton,  J.  C,  d.  May  10,  1862. 
Gower.  W.  F.,  d.  May  1,  1863. 
i  Johoston,  R.  H.,  d.  June  20,  1862. 
|  Riddell.  W.  M.,  d.  June  22,  1862. 
|  Tripp,  L.  F.,  <i.  March  18,  1802. 
j  Pennington.  J.  J.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1862. 
I  Bullion,  J.  C,  d.  Feb.  14,  1862. 
!  Phipps,  Gardner  M.,  d.  March  2,  1862. 
1  McCrary,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  27, 1862. 


FORTY-NINTH    TENNESSEE    INFANTRY. 

By  Polk.  G.  Johnson,  Clarksville,  Tenn. 


Just  before  the  war  the  people  of  Montgomery  county  were  almost  unanimously 
in  favor  of  preserving  the  Federal  Union;  but  when  President  Lincoln  called  for 
troops  to  subdue  the  South,  there  was  a  complete  revolution  in  public  feeling.  At 
the  election  held  for  "separation"  or  "no  separation,"  they  were  almost  unani- 
mous. I  remember  but  one  vote  in  the  whole  county  for  "separation."  The 
spirit  of  the  people  was  high.  Every  man  able  to  speak  spoke  in  opposition  to 
the  proclamation  of  the  President,  and  advised  resistance.  The  women  were 
equally  enthusiastic,  and  encnuraged  their  husbands  and  sons  to  take  part  with 
their  Southern  friends.  The  little  boys  and  girls  evinced  their  sympathy  with 
this  feeling  by  wearing  cockades,  some  of  blue  ribbon  and  a  palmetto  branch  as 
representative  of  South  Carolina,  and  some  of  red  ribbon  with  corn-shucks  and 
corn  as  representative  of  Tennessee. 

During  this  excitement  Gov.  Harris  made  a  call  for  troops,  which  was  promptly 
responded  to,  Col.  Wm.  A.  Forbes  organizing  the  gallant  Fourteenth  Tennessee 
Pegimer.t,  which  was  forwarded  to  Virginia. 

Col.  Forbes  was  then  a  professor  in  Stewart  College,  Clarksville,  and  all  the 
students  were  anxious  to  join  him;  but  he  would  not  allow  the  boys  to  ge  to  war 
without  the  consent  of  their  parents.  At  this  they  were  indignant,  thinking  the 
restriction  uncalled  for. 


552  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Leave  not  our  Bires  to  stem  the  unequal  fi<jht, 
Whosp  limbs  art  nerjp&d  no  more  with  buoyant  might 
Nor  lagging  backward  let  the  younger  breast 
Permit,  the  map.  of  age  (a  sight  unblessed) 
To  welter  in  the  combat's  foremost  thrust, 
His  hoary  head  disheveled  in  the  dust, 
And  venerable  bosom  bleeding  bare. 

He,  however,  allowed  the  boys  in  college  to  drill,  and  thus  they  were  prepar- 


ing for  the  conflict  ahead.  Stewart  College,  now  the  South-western  Presbyterian 
University,  had  its  buildings  and  its  campus  in  the  city  limits  of  Clarksville. 
The  excitement  which  prevailed  over  the  whole  country  was  nowhere  gTeater 
than  in  Clarksville,  and  the  boys  fully  participated  in  it. 

The  boys  had  to  submit  only  for  a  short  time,  as  the  Governor  had  to  make  a 
second  call.  When  this  call  Avas  made  James  E.  Bailey,  of  Clarksville,  then  upon 
the  Military  Board  of  the  State,  at  Nashville,  came  to  Clarksville  to  raise  a  com- 
pany, which  was  done  in  a  few  days;  and  on  the  29th  day  of  November,  1861,  he 
organized  a  company  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-one  men,  and  was  elected  Cap- 
j  tain. 

The  spirit  of  the  boys  would  not  permit  them  to  remain  at  home.  No  longer 
were  groups  of  boys  in  the  college,  earnest  in  their  studies,  to  he  seen  under  the 
shade  of  the  old  oaks  in  the  college  campus,  engaged  with  their  books;  no  longer 
the  idle  in  gay  conversation  upon  the  steps  of  the  college.  The  whole  scene  was 
changed.  Books  were  thrown  away,  and  the  grounds  became  a  champ  de  Mars. 
The  tramp  of  the  soldier,  the  commands  of  the  officer  (Prof.  Wm.  A.  Forbes) 
were  alone  to  be  seen  or  heard  upon  the  grounds  or  in  the  halls;  and  the  same 
spirit  animated  all  the  boys  not  in  college.  No  wonder,  then,  that  they  made 
such  prompt  response  to  the  call. 

Col.  Wm.  A.  Forbes,  of  the  Fourteenth  Tennessee,  afterward  killed  at  the  sec- 
ond battle  of  Manassas,  had  prepared  these  boys  for  active  service.  Of  thirty-two 
boys  in  the  college  department  of  its  last  catalogue  of  1S59-G0,  twenty-nine  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army,  leaving  but  three  who  did  not.  Of  this  twenty-nine 
all  were  faithful.  There  were  killed  in  battle  sixteen;  died  by  disease,  seven; 
total  deaths,  twenty-three;  survivors,  six. 

The  above  is  written  to  show  the  material  of  which  the  gallant  old  Forty-ninth. 

,,  Tennessee  was  made,  this  being  the  first  company  (A).     The  other   companies 

were  composed  of  material  equally  as  good.     On  the  6th  day  of  December,  1S'3I, 


this  company  left  Clarksville  on  a  steam-boat  for  Fort  Donelson,  amidst  the  shouts 
of  the  citizens,  the  waving  of  the  handkerchiefs  of  the  ladies,  and  the  firing  of 
guns  from  the  fort  at  Red  River,  and  arrived  at  Fort  Donelson  that  night.  Thus 
commenced  the  organization  of  the  Forty-ninth  Tennessee  Regiment. 

In  December,  1861,  it  was  organized  by  the  election  of  James  E.  Bailey,  Col- 
onel; Alfred  Robb,  Lieutenant-colonel;  and  D.  A.  Lynn,  Major.  R.  E.  Douglass 
was  appointed  Adjutant,  and  Dr.  W.  B.  Williams,  Surgeon.  The  regiment  was 
composed  of  the  following  companies:  A,  Captain  James  E.  Bailey,  of  Montgom- 
ery county;  B,  Captain  T.  K.  Grimsby,  of  Dickson  county;  C,  Captain  M.  V. 
Fyke,  of  Robertson  county;  D,  Captain  J.  B.  Cording,  of  Diekson  county;  E, 
Captain  J.  M.  Peaeher,  of  Montgomery  county;  F,  Captain  D.  A.  Lynn,  of  Mont- 
gomery county;  Gr,  Captain  Wm.  F.  Young,  of  Montgomery  county;  II,  Captain 
Pugh  Haynes,  of  Montgomery  county;  lt  Captain  T.  A.  Napier,  of  Benton  county; 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         553 

K,  Captain  Wm.  Shaw,  of  Cheatham  county.  A  Chaplain  was  not  appointed 
until  after  the  reorganization  in  1362,  when  the  Rev.  James  H.  MeXeilly,  now 
pastor  of  the  Moore  Memorial  Church,  Nashville,  was  appointed.  No  soldier 
discharged  his  duty  better  than  this  "man  of  God,"  who  ministered  to  the  wound- 
ed on  every  field  of  battle,  and  in  the  immediate  presence  of  the  enemy.  F.'P. 
MeWhirter  acted  as  Adjutant  during  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson.  E.  T.  Free- 
man was  appointed  First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  at  Clinton,  Miss.,  and  won  the 
admiration  of  the  whole  command  by  his  gallant  conduct  on  every  field. 

After  the  reorganization  in  1862  Dr.  L.  L.  Lindsey  was  appointed  Surgeon,  and 
Dr.  It.  S.  Napier  Assistant  Surgeon. 

After  its  organization  the  regiment  remained  at  Fort  Donelson,  drilling,  build- 
ing fortification^,  etc.,  until  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson,  except  that  two  compa- 
nies were  sent  to  Fort  Henry,  but  ordered  back  before  the  attack  on  Fort  Henry. 
When  the  enemy  *as  moving  on  Fort  Donelson  a  part  of  the  regiment  (volun- 
teers) were  sent  out  as  cavalry  under  the  command  of  Col.  X.  Brandon,  of  the 
Fourteenth  Tennessee,  who  was  at  home  on  leave  of  absence,  and  had  a  skirmish 
with  them,  when  they  were  worsted  with  a  loss  of  six  or  eight  wounded  and  ten 
or  twelve  captured. 

During  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson  the  regiment  was  in  the  fort  supporting  the 
water  batteries,  under  the  command  of  the  gallant  Captains  Reuben  Ross,  Thos. 
H.  Beaumont,  and  B.  G.  Bidwell,  until  Saturday  evening,  PVoruary  15,  1862,  when 
the  Federals  captured  our  works  on  the  right,  and  were  rapidly  advancing  upon 
the  fort.  Col.  Bailey,  then  commanding  the  fort,  promptly  ordered  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Tennessee  regiments  to  attack  the  enemy,  which  was  gallantly 
done,  and  the  enemy  driven  back  to  the  works.  In  this  attack  Lieutenant-colonel 
Alfred  Robb,  of  the  Forty-ninth  Tennessee,  was  mortally  wounded  by  the  si<le  of 
Col.  Bailey,  his  old  law  partner.  No  braver  or  better  soldier  or  man  ever  died. 
He  went  into  the  battle  upon  a  large  white  horse,  and  being  himself  a  very  lar^e 
man,  was  a  fine  target  for  the  sharp-shooters.  He  was  shot  through  the  breast  by 
one  of  these,  and  when  shot  put  his  hand  on  his  breast,  and  saying  he  was  shot 
started  to  the  rear.  Several  men  followed  him,  and  he  would  have  fallen  from 
his  horse  in  fifty  yards  but  for  their  assistance.  The  men  managed  to  get  him  to 
his  quarters.  During  the  night  he  was  carried  to  the  boats  at  Dover  to  be  sent  to 
Clarksville  with  the  other  wounded.  Two  boats  were  at  the  wharf,  one  fastened  to 
the  bank  and  the  other  on  the  side  of  this  boat.  He  was  placed  on  the  first  boat 
to  be  carried  through  to  the  second;  in  crossing  from  the  one  to  the  other  the 
boats  separated — the  men  holding  his  less  let  loose  and  his  body  fell  into  the  river, 
and  he  would  have  been  drowned  had  it  not  been  for  his  faithful  old  colored  serv- 
ant (uncle  Abram  Robb)  who,  holding  his  arms,  pulled  him  into  the  boat.  He 
died  at  his  home  February  17th,  1862.  Uncle  Abram  still  lives,  respected  by  both 
white  and  black. 

We  were  surrendered  with  the  army  on  February  16,  and  sent  to  prison — the 
field  officers  to  Fort  Warren,  the  other  officers  to  Johnson's  Island,  and  the  pri- 
vates to  Camp  Douglas,  Chicago,  111. 

The  privates  were  exchanged  September  17,  1862,  at  Vieksburg,  Miss.,  where 
they  met  their  officers,  who  had  been  exchanged  in  Virginia.  The  regiment  was 
reorganized  at  Clinton,  Miss.,  September  29,  1862,  when  Col.  James  E.  Bailey  was 
a^ain  elected  Colonel. 


554  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

In  about  ten  days  we  were  ordered  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  to  reenforce  General  \'aa 
Dorn,  then  about  to  attack  the  enemy  at  Corinth;  but  only  reached  Holly  Springs, 

and  were  there  halted,  us  our  army  had  been  defeated  and  were  retreating. 

From  Holly  Springs  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Port  Hudson,  La.,  and  arrived 
there  in  October,  1S02.  It  sustained  the  severe  bombardment  of  March  14,  Ink., 
when  Commodore  Farragut  succeeded  in  passing  our  batteries  with  two  gun-boats. 
Soon  after  this  Colonel  Bailey,  who  had  been  sick  for  several  month-,  resign*  i, 
and  in  August,  1864,  was  appointed  one  of  the  judges  of  the  military  court  at- 
tached to  Hardee's  corps. 

We  were  ordered  from  Port  Hudson  April  6,  1803,  and  marched  to  Jack-  n. 
Miss.,  by  way  of  Brookhavem  At  that  point  we  made  a  detour  to  the  Southern 
railroad,  Jackson  then  having  been  captured  by  Gen.  Grant.  We  were  irkh 
the  first  infantry  command  which  entered  Jackson  after  Grant  left  the  place  and 
besieged  Vieksburg.  We  were  placed  in  Loring\s  division,  and  served  through 
the  Mississippi  campaign  with  Johnston's  army,  taking  part  in  the  engagements 
around  Jackson  from  July  10  to  10,  1803.  After  the  retreat  from  Jackson  we 
were  ordered  to  Mobile,  Ala.,  arriving  there  September  1,  1303.  Here  Capt.  W. 
F.  Young  was  promoted  to  the  command  of  the  regiment.  From  Mobile  we  were 
ordered  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  and  arrived  at  Missionary  Ridge  November 
24,  1803;  and  though  ordered  into  battle,  it  was  too  late,  as  our  army  had  then 
been  defeated.  Retreated  with  the  army  to  Dalton,  and  were  placed  in  Gen. 
John  C.  Breckinridge's  division.  On  January  14,  1804,  were  ordered  to  Mobile, 
arriving  there  January  21.  Were  then  sent  to  Gen.  Polk's  army  in  Mississij  .  i 
to  meet  Gen.  Sherman's  advance  through  that  State,  joining  the  army  at  Brandon, 
and  placed  in  Gen.  French's  division.  We  retreated  with  Gen.  Polk's  army  to 
near  Meridian,  Miss.,  where  we  were  again  ordered  to  Mobile.  From  Mobile  we 
were  ordered  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  reaching  it  May  20,  1804,  and  taking 
part  in  the  Georgia  campaign  under  Johnston  and  Hood,  being  in  the  engage- 
ments of  New  Hope  Church,  May  27,  1804;  Pine  Mountain,  June  15;  Kennesav 
Mountain,  June  26;  Smyrna  Depot,  July  4;  Peach-tree  Creek,  Atlanta,  July  20: 
and  Lick-skillet  road,  Atlanta,  July  28. 

In  the  last  battle  the  ln>ses  of  the  regiment  were  greater  than  in  any  other  en- 
gagement during  the  war,  unless  it  be  that  at  Franklin. 

Col.  W.  F.  Young  lost  an  arm  while  gallantly  leading  a  charge  upon  the  ene- 
my, and  many  good  and  brave  men  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  colors  of  the 
regiment  had  thirty-two  shots  through  it,  and  two  or  three  through  the  tL?- 
staff. 

In  this  battle  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-ninth  Tennessee  regiments  were 
consolidated  under  the  command  of  Col.  Young,  of  the  Forty-ninth,  and  being  on 
the  right  of  Quarles's  brigade  met  and  checked  the  advance  of  the  enemv;  i\nt\ 
such  was  the  havoc  that  in  less  than  fifteen  minutes  almost  every  officer  was  killed 
or  wounded,  and  Capt.  Thomas  H.  Smith,  of  the  Forty-ninth,  seventh  from  sen- 
iority when  the  fight  began,  found  himself  in  command.  Notwithstanding  the 
terrible  onset,  the  troops  maintained  their  position  without  shelter  under  heavy 
fire  for  several  hours,  when  they  withdrew  in  perfect  order  to  a  new  line  about  one 
hundred  yards  in  rear  of  their  position. 

The  writer,  as  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-general  of  Quarles's  brigade,  of  which 
the  Forty-ninth  was  a  part,  made  an  official  report  to  division  head-quarters  <>n 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Boll; 


o>jo 


the  following  morning,  a  copy  of  which  L-.  now  in  his  possession,  and  shows:  The 
effective  strength  of  the  brigade  going  into  battle,  913;  killed,  76;  wounded.  400; 
missing,  19;  total,  495. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  at  this  time  the  commands  which  had  been  raised 
in  territory  subsequently  occupied  by  the  enemy,  and  held  in  his  possession  from 
an  early  period  of  the  war,  had  been  unable  to  recruit  their  ranks,  and  so  had 
been  reduced  to  mere  skeletons,  and  a  brigade  was  about  equal  to  nn  ordinary  reg- 
iment. More  than  one-half  of  the  men  of  the  brigade  were  killed  or  wounded 
in  this  action. 

In  connection  with  this  engagement  it  would  be  unjust  not  to  mention  the  ac- 
tion of  the  gallant  Mississippi  battery,  commanded  by  tiie  noble  Yates,  which 
supported  the  regiment  and  the  rest  of  Quaries's  brigade.  This  battery  was 
greatly  impeded  in  its  march  to  the  field  by  the  road  being  rilled  with  troops,  but 
by  the  energy  of  its  gallant  Captain  was  up  in  time  for  the  charge.  As  soon  as  it 
reached  the  field  it  opened  upon  the  enemy  under  a  terrible  fire  of  artillery  and 
musketry,  and  in  less  than  five  minutes  eighteen  were  killed  or  wounded.  It 
suffered  greatly  afterward,  and  won  not  only  the  admiration  of  the  regiment,  but 
of  Quarles  and  staff  and  all  who  saw  its  action. 

From  this  time  the  regiment  continued  with  Hood's  army  to  the  end  of  the 
Georgia  campaign,  and  went  with  it  to  the  campaign  ending  at  the  Alabama  line. 
Crossed  the  Chattahooche  River  at  Pumpkin  Town,  and  advanced  to  Big  Shanty, 
taking  part  in  the  capture  of  that  garrison,  and  also  in  the  action  at  Acworth,  and 
assisted  in  destroying  ten  or  fifteen  miles  of  railroad.  The  command  then  marched 
to  Resaea,  and  thence  to  Dalton,  via  Sugar  Valley  Post-office,  and  were  engaged 
in  the  destruction  of  the  railroad  until  the  surrender  of  Dalton,  on  October  13. 
It  was  with  Gen.  Hood  during  his  march  to  Tuscumbia,  Ala.,  and  was  upon  the 
banks  of  the  Tennessee  one  month  after  its  departure  from  Pumpkin  Town. 

After  crossing  the  Tennessee  River,  the  regiment  was  with  Gen.  Hood  during 
the  Tennessee  campaign,  taking  part  in  all  the  engagements  of  his  army.  It  was 
in  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Nov.  30,  1864.  The  regiment  went  into  battle  under 
the  command  of  Lieut.-col.  Thomas  M.  Atkins,  who  had  been  promoted  from 
First  Lieutenant  to  Captain  of  Company  A  (Bailey's  old  company),  and  to  Lieu- 
tenant-colonel of  the  regiment  at  Big  Shanty.  He  had  the  love  and  affection  of 
the  whole  command,  and  the  regiment  did  its  duty  nobly.  Capt.  R.  T.  Coulter, 
of  Company  G,  was  acting  Adjutant,  and  was  killed  in  the  charge  near  the  gin- 
house,  where  the  bravest  of  the  regiment  fell.  Capt.  R.  Y.  Johnson,  of  Company 
F,  who  was  severely  wounded  at  Franklin,  and  saved  the  colors  of  the  regiment, 
furnished  me  with  a  copy  of  the  Chattanooga  Rebd  of  Jan.  15,  1S65,  which  gives  a 
list  of  the  killed,  wounded,  and  rais>ing.  This  paper  says:  ''Killed,  twenty; 
wounded,  thirty-six;  missing,  thirty -six;  total  ninety-two.  The  regiment  went 
into  battle  with  one  hundred  and  eight  guns  and  twenty-one  officers.  Several  of 
those  in  the  list  of  missing  are  known  to  have  been  wounded."  The  men  acted 
well — many  of  them  were  taken  prisoners  within  the  enemy's  breastworks,  and 
l<  these  had  been  gloriously  led  by  their  officers,  many  of  whom  had  fallen  either 
upon  or  near  the  Federal  breastworks,  dying  as  the  brave  should  prefer  to  die,  in 
the  intense  and  exalted  excitement  of  battle.'' 

It  then  moved  with  Hood  to  Nashville,  and  took  part  in  the  engagement  there. 
Dec.  10,  1864.  and  retreated  with  his  armv  after  its  defeat,  in  Walthall's  division. 


MlLITABY  A>'NALS  OF  TENNESSEE. 


On  the  20th  of  Dec,  1864,  it  came  under  the  orders  of  Gen.  Forrest,  command- 
ing the  rear-guard,  and  was  engaged  on  the  24th  in  the  battle  south  of  Lynnvflle, 
and  the  engagements  at  Anthony's  Hill  and  Sugar  Creek.  Another  has  said: 
"  Each  Confederate  officer  and  soldier  appeared  to  act  and  fight  as  if  the  fat?  of  the 
army  depended  on  his  individual  conduct.  And  never  were  there  manifested 
higher  soldierly  virtues  than  by  Forrest's  heroic  band — including  the  infantry.  .  .  . 
The  men  marched  barefooted  in  many  cases,  often  waist-deep  in  ice-cold  water, 
while  sleet  beat  upon  their  heads  and  shoulders."  The  same  writer  says  of  Sugar 
Creek:  "The  creek  was  about  saddle-skirt  deep,  and  through  it  the  Federal  cav- 
alry dashed  rearward  without  regard  to  any  ford,  and  after  them  followed  "\\  ai- 
thall's  dauntless  men,  charging  waist-deep  through  the  icy  water." 

The  regiment  then  retreated  with  Hood's  army  to  Tupelo,  l&iss.,  and  remained 
there  until  ordered  to  North  Carolina,  to  join  Johnston's  army.  Took  part  in  the 
battle  of  Bentonville,  on  March  19,  186-5,  and  was  surrendered  with  the  other 
remnants  of  that  army. 

This  ends  my  brief  sketch  of  the  Forty-ninth  Tennessee  Regiment,  a  gallant. 

noble  organization  of  true  and  loyal  men,  of  whom,  as  a  part  of  Quarles's  brir.iae, 

after  one  of  their  bloody  encounters,  it  was  said  by  Gen.  Hood:  "They  belong  ::> 

a  brigade  that  has  never  lost  a  picket  line,  nor  given  back  in  the  presence  of  the 

I  enemy." 

When  I  think  of  them  as  they  stood  in  line  at  their  first  dress-parade  on  the 
bloody  field  of  Doneison,  my  mind  recurs  to  the  poet  from  whom  I  must  make 

a  second  quotation: 

Few,  few  shall  part  where  many  meet! 
The  snow  shal!  be  their  winding-sheet, 
And  every  turf  beneath  their  feet 
Shall  be  a  soldier's  sepulcher. 


Official]  Forty-ninth  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  James  E.  Bailey;  Lieutenant-colonel,  T.  K.  Grigsby;  Major,  David  A.  Lynn ;  A  i 
tant,  F.  P.  MeWhirter;  Quartermaster,  G.  S.  Atkins;  Surgeon,  L.  L.  Lindsey;  Chaplain.  •'. 
MeNeilly. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  J.  B.  Howard 


Darnell,  Edward,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Morrison,  J.  S.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Riggirs,  G.  T.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Bumpous,  Y.,  d.  a  pvisoner  of  war. 
Avritt,  Richard,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Smith,  Isaac,  d.  Sept.  15, 1S62. 
Talar,  T.  J.,  d.  May  6,  1862. 
Chasteen,  John,  d.  March  1,  1862. 
Harris,  George,  d.  March,  1862. 
Sheperd,  William  L.,  d.  July,  I860. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  R.  H.  McLelland. 


Cunningham,  A.  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Clymer,  C.  J.,  d.  a  pri.-oner  of  war. 
Ford,  W.  D.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Ham,  J.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Harris,  J.  T.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Cunningham,  E.  L.,  d.  Jan.  8,  1863. 
Harrod,  M.  G.,  d.  April,  1863. 


Linsay,  J.  M.,  d.  Sept.  17,  1863. 
Link,  Robert,  d.  Sept.  7, 1S62. 
McCall,  John  B.,  d.  June  6,  1362. 
Spradlin,  A.  O.,  d.  March  14-,  1862. 
Williams,  J.  W..  d.  March,  LB62. 
White.  W.  H.,  d.  March,  1863. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  R.  Y.  Johnson. 
Blsnton,  G.  WM  d.  Feb.  28,  1302.  ;  Dupree,  E.  G.,  d.  March  15,  1862. 

Atkins,  J.  G.,  d.  Jan.  26,  1863.  !  Dickson,  R.  C,  d.  Sept.  2,  1862. 


L 


Begimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        557 


Dtmwiddy,  J.  S.,  d.  Feb.  ],  1862. 

Farmer,  H.,  d.  Feb.,  1S82. 
Hagood,  R.  T.,  d.  Nov.  S,  1S02. 
Pace,  M.  J.,  d.  Aug- ill,  1862. 
Stephens,  T.  H.,  d.  March  10,  1802. 
Smith,  E.  G.,  d.  Mjirqh,  1862. 
Taylor,  H.  N„  d.  Feb.  1,  ISC2. 
Walker,  G.  W.  T.,  d.  Dec.  2,  1862. 
[Unofficial.] 


Maury,  Sergt.  W.  A.,  k.  at  Franklin,  Oct.  GO, 
1864. 

Knight,  Wm.,  d.  in  prison. 

Matthews,  Jasper,  d.  at  home,  1862. 

Murphy,  A.  C,  d.  in  hospital,  1863. 

Porter,  G.  W.,  d.  in  prison,  1864. 

Prest,  James,  d.  in  prison,  1862. 

Powell,  Wiley,  mortally  wounded  at  Fort  Don- 
elson, Feb.  2,  1862. 


Morris,  First  Lieut.  T.  J.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Mo-  j  Thomas,  J.  M.,  d.  in  hospital,  1863 


bile,  A1h.,  Nov.,  1S63. 


Brown,  J.  H.,  d.  March  16,  1862 

Burton,  W.  H.,  d.  Feb.  25,  1862. 

Daniel,  J.  J.,  d. 

Dunnington,  T.  J.,  d. 

Frasier,  N.  C.,  d. 

Frasier,  M.  H.,  d. 

Grantum,  M.,  d. 

Howard,  W.  B.,  d. 

Gartier,  D.  P.,  d. 

Manglin.  E.  B.:  d. 

Nash,  J.  \V.  R.,  d. 


Rowland,  G.  W.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Williams,  J.  B.,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas. 
Powe!!,  Albert,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas. 
Powell,  N.  D.,  d.  at  Camp  Dousias. 
Jeunett,  J.  R.,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas. 
Burks,  H.  J.,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas. 


I  Porter,  J.  H.,  d.  in  prison,  1861. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  R.  H,  Dunlap. 

|  Sugg,  S.  W.,  d.  March  22,  1863. 
Sigmore,  J.  W.,  d.  April  22,  1862. 
Sender's,  H.  W.,  d.  March  20,  1862. 
Thompson.  J.  M.,  d. 
Thompson,  J.  L.,  J.  Sept.  4,  1863. 
Thedford,  J.  W.  B..  d.  May  22,  1862. 
Walker,  J.  L.,  d.  Feb.  11.  1862. 
Wiley,  J.  K.  P.,  d.  September  8,  1862. 
WTa!ker,  R.,  d.  March  30.  1862. 
Walker,  J.  N.,  d.  April  16,  1863. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  J.  W.  Wall. 

Powers,  E.  H.,  d.  at  Camp  Douglns. 
Davenport,  W.  H.,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas. 
Hamrick.  Hiram,  d.  Sept.  16,  1862. 
Dilling.  J.  J.,  d.  Manm  3, 1362. 
Fletcher,  W.  H.,  d.  at  Alton,  111. 


Powell,  W.  P.,  d.  Feb.  28,  1862. 
Priest,  J.  T.,  d.  Feb.  28,  1862. 
Knight,  W.  H.,  d.  March  15,  1S63. 


COMPANY  F. 
iptain,  H.  V.  Harrison. 

J  Harris,  Samuel,  d.  July  11,  1862. 
j  Higgs,  T.  R.,  d.  March  14,  1862. 
|  Mathews,  M.  V.,  d.  Jan.  24,  1862. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  Thomas  M.  Atkins. 
Anderson,  J.  C,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Damaron,  John,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Farley,  John  T.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Ricon.  Charles  D.,  d.  Jan.  IS,  1863. 
Boothe,  Isaac  D.,  d.  Jan.  25,  1863. 
Hutchison,  J.  A.,  d.  April,  1862. 
Haakins,  R.  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Hackney,  Stephen,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Thomas  H.  Smith. 
Darnell,  George  W.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson.  j  Smith,  Williamson,  d.  Jan.,  186* 


j  Heath ington,  F.  E.,  d.  October,  1862 
i  Helm,  J.  W.,  d.  Feb.  9,  1863. 

Orgain,  B.  D..  d.  March  11,1863. 
j  White,  B.  F.,  d. 
i  Harris,  Wm.,  d.  Sept.,  1863. 
j  Harris,  James,  d.  Feb.  1,  1862. 

Harris.  John,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 

Orgain,  John,  d. 


Smith,  Joseph,  d.  May  9,  1863. 
Tippett,  M.  i'.,  d.  March  6,  1862. 


Heater,  J.  W.  O.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Low,  J.,  d.  May  21,  1862. 
Price,  James,  d.  March,  1862. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  Isaac  Anderson. 
Allva,  Newton,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war.  !  Gulley.  J.  R„  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

Alexander.  H.  W..  d.  a  prisoner  of  war.  '  Cox,  S.  hf.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


558 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Tiner,  J.  C,  d.  a  prisoner  of  .var 
Allen,  Joseph,  d.  Jan.  11,  1S6-J. 
Bailey,  Wesley,  d.  July  15, 1862. 
Butter  William,  d.  Feb.  13,  1862. 
Curtis,  Joshua,  d. 
Vincent,  H.  C,  d. 
Irby,  J.  H.,  d.  Oct.  30,  1802. 
Lewi?,  J.  H.,  d.  March  4,  18o2. 


Swan,  Samuel,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Harris,  John,  d.  Nov.  1861. 
Denny,  Robert,  d.  Dec.  27,  1862. 
Jones,  Jacob,  d.  Jan.  5,  1862. 
Read,  David,  d.  Feb.  1,  1862. 
Harris,  Willis,  d.  Feb.,  1862. 
Vanhook.  Joseph,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Clir'ton,  B.  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
i'oonhon,  John  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Nicholson,  W.  D.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Teasley,  James  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Prater,  John,  d.  June  2,  1882. 

I'acey,  R.  C,  d. 

Roberts,  T.  A.,  d.  May  28,  1863. 

Smith,  G.  W.,  d. 

Smith,  Nathan,  d.  Aug.  11,  1862, 

Patson,  VV.  H.,  d.  Aug.  8,  1862. 

Dalton,  James,  d.  March  10,  1302. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  W.  B.  Evans. 

Read,  L.  L.,  d.  Sept.  18,  18B2. 

E!li3,  R.  W.,  d.  Oct.  10,  1862. 

Maxey,  Merritt.  d.  Oct.  12,  1862. 

Watson,  Talton,  d.  Oct.  14,  1862. 

fludgins,  R.  A.,  d.  Jan.,  1863. 

Hunt,  B.  W.,d.  Feb.  7,  \6b-i. 
|  Denney,  J.  C-,  d.  Feb.  9,  1863. 
|  Maxey,  James,  d.  Feb.  22,  1863. 
',  Fox,  W.  Z.,  d.  May  24.  1863. 
!  Williams,  W.S.,  d.  July  0,  1363. 
!  Plaster,  N.  T,  d.  July  15,  1863. 


FIFTIETH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  C.  W.  Tyler,  Clakxsville,  Tens. 

In  the  early  fall  of  1861  a  few  companies  of  infantry  under  command  of  Col. 
Randall  "W.  McGavock,  of  Nashville,  were  stationed  at  Fort  Donelson.  on  the 
Cumberland  River,  about  thirty  miles  below  Clarksrille,  Tenri  *  This  command 
was  known  as  McGavock's  battalion,  and  was  the  nucleus  of  the  Fiftieth  Tennes- 
see Regiment,  which  afterward  became  the  garrison  regiment  at  Donelson.  Lieut. 
J.  H.  Holmes  was  the  Adjutant  of  this  battalion;  Clay  Roberts,  Quartermaster; 
Thomas  Shameral,  Commissary;  and  Lieut.  George"  vV.  Pease,  a  gallant  young 
Pennsylvania:},  who  had  left  home  and  come  South  just  previous  to  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war,  was  acting  by  appointment  of  Governor  Harris  as  drill-master  of 
the  raw  troops.  Although  he  was  a  stranger  and  from  the  North,  this  young  paac 
soon  became  very  popular  with  all  the  soldiers.  He  served  with  the  regiment 
during  the  entire  war,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-colonel.  For  the  brave 
stand  which  he  took  in  behalf  of  the  South,  his  father  disinherited  hirn;  and  after 
the  war,  his  family,  except  one  sister,  refused  to  see  him  or  to  allow  him  to  visit 
them.     He  died  in  Memphis,  Tennessee,  in  1874  or  1875. 

On  the  night  of  November  19th,  1861,  at  10  o'clock,  the  company  to  which  I  be- 
longed (afterward  Co.  E  of  the  Fiftieth)  left  Clarksville  for  Fort  Donelson  to  join 
McGavock's  battalion.  At  2  o'clock  the  next  morning  we  reached  the  landing  fit 
Donelson,  and  climbed  the  muddy  hill  to  the  fort,  prepared  to  play  our  part  in  the 
great  drama. 

From  time  to  time  other  companies  were  added  to  ours,  and  at  length  on  Christ- 
mas day,  1861,  we  organized  as  a  regiment  by  the  election  of  field  officers.  The 
new  regiment  was  called  the  Fiftieth  Tennessee,  and  the  companies  were  com- 
manded as  follows :   Co.  A,  Capt.  T.  W.  Beaumont,  Montgomery  county;   Co.  B, 


*  Evident! v  a  mistake.    See  Clarl 


;ecch  of  the  Tenth  Regiment,  page  2Si 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         559 

Capt.  George  W.  Stacker,  Stewart  county;  Co.  C  (an  Alabama  company),  Capt. 
Jackson;  Co.  D,  Capt.  Sum  Graham,  Stewart  county;  Co.  E,  Capt.  C.  A.  Sugg, 
Montgomery  county;  Co.  F,  Capt.  A.  Richards,  Stewart  county;  Co.  G,  Capt. 
Gould,  Cheatham  county;  Co.  IT,  Capt.  II.  C.  Lockert,  Stewart  county;  Co.  I, 
Capt.  Win.  Martin,  Stewart  county;  Co.  K,  Capt.  A.  Wilson,  Humphreys  county. 

Capt.  George  W.  Stacker,  of  Co.  B,  a  man  of  considerable  wealth,  who  had  uni- 
formed his  own  company  and  otherwise  greatly  aided  the  Stewart  county  volun- 
teers, was'eleeted  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  Capt.  Cyrus  A.  Susrg,  of  Co.  E,  was 
elected  Lieutenant-colonel;  and  Capt.  II.  C.  Lockert.  of  Co.  H,  Major.  Lieut. 
C.  W.  Robertson,  of  Co.  A.,  was  appointed  Adjutant;  Billy  Morris,  of  Co.  D,  Ser- 
geant-major; Robert  L.  Cobb,  Ordnance  Sergeant;  Clay  Roberts,  Quartermaster; 
Jo.  Newberry,  Commissary;  Dr.  Gould,  Surgeon;  and  Dr.  W.  B.  Mills,  Assistant 
Surgeon. 

To  fill  the  vacancies  created  by  the  election  of  regimental  officers,  Lieut.  A. 
All  man  was  elected  Captain  of  Co.  B;  Lieut.  John  B.  Dortch,  Captain  of  Co.  E; 
and  Lieut.  E.  Sexton,  Captain  of  Co.  H.  Col.  Stacker  resigned  just  one  month 
after  his  election,  and  Lieut.-col.  Sugg  was  then  promoted  to  full  Colonel,  Lockert 
to  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Adjutant  C.  W.  Robertson  was  elected  Major.  Lieut. 
T.  E.  Mallory,  of  Co.  E,  was  appointed  Adjutant  in  Robertson's  stead. 

We  had  built  log-liuts  and  gone  into  winter-quarters  inside  the  fort,  and  were 
quite  comfortable.  Our  friends  in  Clarksville  sent  us  good  things  by  nearly  even- 
boat;  and  some  of  the  companies  of  the  regiment  were  raised  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  fort,  and  their  friends  and  relatives  visited  them  frequently. 

On  January  10th,  1SG2,  we  marched  to  Fort  Henry,  twelve  miles  across  the 
country,  on  the  Tennessee  River.  We  returned  in  about  ten  days,  and  on  Febru- 
ary 6th  were  ordered  back,  but  learned  of  the  surrender  of  the  fort  and  of  our 
brigade  commander,  Gen.  Tilghman,  before  we  reached  it. 

On  the  11th  Forrest's  battalion  of  cavalry  had  a  tight  near  Fort  Donelson,  kill- 
ing two  or  three  Federals  and  capturing  one.  This  man  when  brought  in  was  a 
show.  He  was  the  first  man  in  blue  uniform  we  had  ever  seen,  but  the  sight  of 
them  soon  become  common  enough. 

During  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson,  which  took  place  February  14th  and  loth, 
1S62,  the  regiment  remained  most  of  the  time  in  the  fori.  Capt.  Beaumont's 
company  (A .)  was  detailed  to  man  the  heavy  guns  at  the  river,  and  had  a  terrific 
artillery  duel  with  the  enemy's  gun-boats,  finally  driving  them  back  and  foiling 
them  in  their  efforts  to  pass  the  fort.  Lieut.  W.  C.  Allen,  of  Capt.  Beaumont'.? 
company,  was  complimented  in  an  official  report  for  his  gallantry  on  this  oc- 
casion. 

On  the  evening  of  the  loth  four  companies — B,  C,  D,  and  E — were  sent  out  to 
reenforce  Col.  Roger  Hanson's  Second  Kentucky  Regiment,  which  had  been  liter- 
ally cut  to  pieces.  The  Forty-ninth  Tennessee  was  with  us,  and  Lieut.-col.  Alfred 
Robb  of  that  regiment  was  killed  on  the  occasion.  That  night  about  12  o'clock 
we  evacuated  the  fort  and  marched  up  to  Dover,  two  miles.  There  we  stood 
shivering  -in  the  cold  for  hours,  while  the  three  Generals — Buckner,  Floyd,  and 
Pillow — held  a  council  of  war  in  the  old  hotel  on  the  river-bank.  The  enemy's 
camp-fires  blazed  brightly  all  around  us,  and  looked  cheerful  enough  as  we  stamped 
our  feet  in  the  snow.  We  expected  orders  to  cut  our  way  through  them,  but  in- 
stead we  were  ordered  back  to  the  fort,  and  reached  it  just  before  daylight.     In  a 


560  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

short  while  a  courier  came  from  General  Buckner  to  Colonel  Sugg  with  an  order 
to  raise  a  white  flag  over  the  fort.  Curses  Loth  loud  and  deep  followed  this 
intelligence.  There  was  no  white  flag  in  the  regiment,  nobody  expecting  to  need 
one,  but  Ordnance  Sergeant  B.  L.  Cobb  had  a  white  sheet,  winch  was  run  up  at 
daylight.  Xearly  half  the  regiment  escaped  from  the  f«.>rt.  All  the  field  officers, 
and  about  five  hundred  and  fifty  others,  men  and  officers,  remained  and  were  sur- 
rendered, The  regimental  officers  were  sent  to  Fort  Warren,  the  company  officers 
to  Johnson's  Island,  and  the  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates*  to  Camp 
Douglas,  Chicago.  All  that  summer  they  remained  in  prison.  On  September  18. 
1862,  the  regiment  Avas  exchanged  at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  and  officers  and  men  once 
more  met  on  the  soil  of  the  Confederacy. 

On  the  20th  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  the  regiment  was  reorganized.  The  company 
officrs  were  as  follows:  Co.  A,  Capt.  W.  C.  Allen,  Montgonery  county;  Co.  B, 
Capt.  George  W.  Pease,  Pennsylvania;  Co.  C,  Capt.  Jackson.  Alabama;  Co.  D, 
Capt.  Sam  Graham,  Stewart  county;  Co.  E,  Capt.  T.  E.  Mallory,  Montgomery 
county;  Co.  F,  Capt.  James  Dunn,  Stewart  county;  Co.  G,  Capt.  Tom  Mays, 
Cheatham  county;  Co.  H,  Capt.  E.  Sexton,  Stewart  county;  Co.  I,  Capt.  Sam 
Allen,  Stewart  county;  Co.  K,  Capt.  Curtis,  Humphreys  county. 

On  the  24th  an  election  was  held  for  regimental  officers.  Col.  Sugg  and  Major 
Kobertson  were  both  reelected.  Capt.  T.  W.  Beaumont  was  elected  Lieutenant- 
colonel;  Lieut.  "Williams,  of  Co.  H,  was  appointed  Adjutant:  J.  B.  Sugg,  Quarter- 
master; John  L.  W.  Power,  Commissary;  W.  Turner,  Sergeant-major;  Cave 
Morris,  Ordnance  Sergeant;  and  Dr.  R.  D.  McCauley,  Surgeon. 

October  8th  the  regiment  was  sent  by  rail  to  Corinth  to  reenforce  Gen.  Van 
Dorn;  found  that  officer  retreating,  and  fell  back  with  him  to  Grenada,  having  sev- 
eral severe  skirmishes  with  the  enemy.  On  December  24th  Jefferson  Davis  and 
Gen.  Joseph  Johnston  reviewed  the  troops,  and  the  next  day  they  were  ordfivd 
to  Vicksburg.  Fought  the  enemy  under  Gen.  Sherman  on  the  2?th,  and  drove 
them  back  to  their  gun-boats. 

In  November,  1S62,  a  month  previous,  the  regiment  had  been  temporarily  con- 
solidated with  the  First  Tennessee  Battalion,  of  which  S.  II.  Colms,  of  Sparta,  was 
Major,  and  John  W.  Childress,  now  of  Nashville,  was  Adjutant.  Dr.  R.  T.  Roth- 
rock,  now  of  Nashville,  was  Surgeon  of  the  consolidated  regiment  and  battalion. 

On  January  5,  1863,  the  men  were  ordered  to  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana,  and  re- 
mained there  four  months.  When  the  Federal  gun-boat  "fndianola"'  ran  by  the 
batteries  at  Vicksburg  and  showed  herself  above  Port  Hudson,  Col.  Beaumont 
offered  to  take  the  Fiftieth  and  either  capture  or  destroy  her,  but  the  offer  was 
refused.  On  the  night  of  March  14th  occurred,  a  most  terrific  bombardment  that 
shook  the  earth  and  illuminated  the  heavens.  No  grander  or  more  awful  specta- 
cle could  well  be  imagined. 

On  May  2d  the  regiment  left  Port  Hudson  and  marched  on  foot  to  Jackson, 
Mississippi. 

On  May  12th,  at  Raymond,  Mississippi,  occurred  a  warm  engagement  with  the 
Federals,  in  which  the  Fiftieth  took  an  active  part.  During  most  of  the  engage- 
ment it  was  detached  from  the  rest  of  the  brigade,  and  for  rive  hours  held  the  en- 
emy in  check.  Col.  Sugg  commanded  the  brigade  during  this  action,  and  Liev.t.- 
col.  Tom  Beaumont  was  in  command  of  the  regiment.  During  the  engagement 
he  was  wounded  in  the  head  and  knocked  down.     Two  men  stepped  from  the 


L 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.        561 

ranks  to  carry  him  hack,  supposing  him  dead,  but  he  sprung  to  his  feet  and,  order- 
ing them  into  line,  resumed  command  of  his  regiment. 

At  Jackson,  some  days  after,  Major  Boberteon,  of  the  Fiftieth,  commanded  the 
skirmish  line  and  made  a  gallant  stand  against  a  large  force  of  Federals,  for  which 
he  was  complimented  in  an  official  order  by  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston.  The  reg- 
iment remained  in  Mississippi  until  September,  ISoo,  when  it,  was  sent  to  Georgia 
to  reenforee  Gen.  Bragg.  On  the  way  the  train  on  which  the  Fiftieth  was  carried 
came  in  collision  with  another  at  Big  Shanty,  Ga.,  and  thirteen  men  were  killed 
and  seventy-five  wounded.  Capt.  T.  E.  Mai  lory,  of  Co.  E,  was  among  the  dan- 
gerously wounded,  but  afterward  recovered. 

September  18  the  regiment  reached  Bragg' s  army,  on  the  eve  of  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga,  and  next  morning  went  into  the  tight.  It  was  nearly  annihilated. 
A  letter  now  before  me,  written  by  Col.  Sugg,  Oct.  10,  1SG3,  says:  "We  were 
in  it  three  hours;  one  hundred  and  eighty-six  men  went  into  the  fight,  fifty-four 
only  came  out.  Col.  Beaumont  and  Maj.  Robertson  killed,  Maj.  Colms  severely 
wounded,  Cant.  "Williams  killed,  Lieuts.  Hays  and  "Whitley  killed,  Lieut.  White 
will  probably  die,  Capts.  Pease  and  Sexton  wounded,  Lieut.  Holmes  Wilson  se- 
verely wounded,  Lieut.  Wheatly  wounded,  and  a  host  of  men,  amon?  them  Sam 
and  George  Dunn;  George  Hornborger  and  John  Crunk  killed;  Isbeil  missing; 
John  Benton,  Billy  Boiseau,  George  Warfield,  Bob  MeReynolds,  John  Willough- 
by,  Holt  Franklin,  and  Robert  J.  Franklin,  wounded." 

Col.  Sugg  commanded  the  brigade  in  this  action,  and  in  an  official  report  Gen. 
Hill,  corps  commander,  gave  him  the  credit  of  capturing  ten  steel  guns  from  the 
enemy.  Beaumont  fell  early  in  the  action,  and  Maj.  Robertson  tuok  command 
of  the  regiment.  Fie  ordered  his  men  to  drag  these  captured  guns  to  the  summit 
of  the  ridge,  and  turning  them  on  the  now  retreating  foe,  he  put  them  to  flight. 
Again  on  Tuesday  morning,  when  the  enemy  was  making  an  obstinate  resistance 
in  a  dense  thicket,  another  Confederate  brigade,  which  had  been  ordered  to  dis- 
lodge them,  refused  to  advance.  The  men  of  this  brigade  were  then  ordered  to 
lie  down,  and  Trigg's  brigade,  commanded  by  Col.  Sugg,  with  a  yell  charged  over 
their  friends,  and  into  the  enemy's  lines,  and  drove  them  from  their  position. 
Here  Maj.  Robertson  fell  mortally  wounded,  and  Col.  Sugg  was  struck  four  times, 
though  not  seriously  injured. 

The  loss  of  the  two  brave  officers,  Col.  Beaumont  and  Maj.  Robertson,  was  seri- 
ously felt  by  the  regiment.  These  two  heroes  had  gone  out  as  officers;  in  the  same 
company.  One  was  Captain  and  the  other  was  Fir^t  Lieutenant  of  Company  A. 
They  were  last  friends  in  life,  and  in  death  they  were  not  divided.  No  braver 
and  nobler  man  ever  offered  up  his  life  for  any  cause  than  Lieut. -col.  Thomas  W. 
Beaumont.  He  was  one  of  four  brothers  who  entered  the  Confederate  service,  three 
of  whom  were  killed  in  battle.  He  was  born  and  reared  in  Clarksville,  Tenn.  ; 
studied  law,  but  had  adopted  journalism  as  a  profession,  and  at  the  time  of  the 
breaking  out  of  the  war  was  the  editor  of  the  Sashi-ille  Banner,  the  most  promi- 
nent Whig  paper  in  the  State.  He  was  a  man  of  high  intelligence  and  cour- 
age, and  never  faltered  upon  what  lie  thought  to  be  the  path  of  duty  for  fear  of 
consequences. 

Maj.  Christopher  W.  Robertson  was  a  native  of  Dickson  county,  Tenn.,  and  had 
just  graduated  with  high  honors  at  the  Lebanon  law  school  when    the  call  to 
arms  came.     To  my  mind  he  was  the  noblest  Roman  of  them  all;  brave  and  tiriu 
06 


56'2  MilitaIvY  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


and  self-reliant — proud  without  arrogance,  pious  without  hypocrisy,  intelligent 
without  display;  lie  was  as  modest  and  gentle  as  a  woman,  yet  utterly  fearless 
in  danger.     Wben  he  stepped  to  the  front  and  gave  the  word  of  command,  all 

obeyed  him,  for  lie  was  a  born  leader  of  men;  and  yet  he  was  a  brother  to  the 
humblest  soldier  in  the  ranks.  In  the  twenty-third  year  of  his  age,  in  front  of 
his  regiment,  and  leading  his  men  on  to  victory,  he  fell  to  rise  no  more. 

Green  be  the  turf  above  ihee, 

Friend  of  my  better  davs; 
None  knew  thee  but  to  love  thee, 

None  named  thee  but  to  praise. 

A  few  weeks  after  the  fight  at  Chiekamauga  came  the  battle  of  Missionary 
Kidge,  Nov.  25,  1803,  and  the  regiment  again  suffered  severely.  Here  Col.  Sugg 
was  mortally  wounded  and  taken  from  the  field.  Fletcher  Beaumont,  the  Adju- 
tant, and  a  younger  brother  of  Col.  Beaumont,  while  leading  a  charge,  was  killed 
with  the  battle-flag  in  his  hands.  Lieut.  Joel  Ruffin,  of  Company  E,  was  shot 
through  both  legs,  and  wounded  a  third  time  in  the  thigh.  The  regiment  lost 
many  others  of  its  best  men. 

Col.  Cyrus  A.  Sugy,  who  lost  his  life  in  this  engagement,  was  a  farmer  before 
the  war,  living  in  District  No.  1,  Montgomery  county.  He  was  twenty-nine 
years  of  age,  remarkably  intelligent,  popular  with  all  his  neighbors,  and  beloved 
by  all  the  men  when  he  took  command  of  the  regiment.  He  was  cool  and  col- 
lected in  the  hour  of  danger;  generally  went  into  battle  smoking  his  pipe,  and 
never  suffered  himself  to  become  excited  during  an  engagement.  After  he  was 
wounded  he  was  carried  back  to  Marietta,  Ga.,  where  he  lingered  some  two 
months,  and  died  in  December,  1SG8. 

In  these  two  battles — Chiekamauga  and  Missionary  Kidge — the  regiment  had 
lost  ail  its  field  officers,  many  of  its  company  officers,  and  more  than  half  of  its 
men.  The  Fiftieth  Tennessee,  the  First  Tennessee  Battalion  (eoruruanded  by 
Maj.  3.  H.  Colras),  and  the  Fourth  Confederate  Tennessee  (commanded  by  Lieut.- 
col.  O.  A.  Bradshaw),  were  then  consolidated.  S.  H.  Colms  was  made  Colonel; 
O.  A.  Bradshaw,  Lieut.-col.;  and  Capt.  George  W.  Pease,  of  the  Fiftieth,  was  pro- 
moted to  be  Major  of  the  new  regiment  John  \V.  Childress  was  Adjutant,  and 
Dr.  E.  G.  Kothrock,  Surgeon;  Poston  Coats,  of  Clarksville,  was  Ordnance  Ser- 
geant. After  the  fall  of  Atlanta,  Col.  Colms,  on  account  of  ill  health,  was  as- 
signed to  post  duty  at  Macon,  Ga.,  when  Bradshaw  wits  promoted  to  full  Colonel, 
and  Pease  to  Lieutenant-colonel. 

During  the  hard  winter  of  1863-64  the  regiment  was  in  winter-quarters  at  Dal- 
ton,  Ga.  In  the  early  spring  of  1864  it  fell  back  with  the  army  under  Gen.  Jo- 
seph E.  Johnston,  before  Sherman's  overwhelming  force,  and  participated  in  all 
"  the  battles  from  Dalton  to  Atlanta,  along  the  line  of  that  famous  retreat.  At  Ke-<aca, 
Calhoun  Station,  Adairsville,  Kingston,  New  Hope  Church,  Purnpkin-vine  Creek, 
Dead  Angle,  Peach-tree  Creek,  in  all  the  battles  around  Atlanta,  and  at  Jur.es- 
boro,  with  constantly  diminishing  ranks,  the  old  Fiftieth  faced  the  enemy. 

Among  others,  at  the  terrible  spot  named  by  the  soldiers  "Dead  Angle"  fell 
young  John  B.  Robertson,  the  only  brother  of  Maj.  C.  W.  Robertson.  He  was  a 
mere  boy,  and  had  been  with  the  regiment  only  a  few  days,  having  come  South, 
as  he  said,  to  take  his  brothers  place.  He  was  acting  as  Sergeant-major  at  the 
time  of  his  death. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Kolls. 


163 


Capt.  John  L.  W.  Power  was  wounded  on  the  20th  of  June.  James  Easley,  of 
Company  F,  a  gallant  soldier,  and  very  popular,  and  many  others,  whose  names  J 
cannot  now  give,  were  killed.  There  was  no  rest  for  the  men  day  or  night,  and 
fighting  and  lying  in  the  trenches  had  reduced  the  regiment  to  a  mere  skeleton. 

When  Gen.  Hood  took  command  of  the  army,  and  after  the  terrible  fi>riiiing 
around  Atlanta  issued  a  stirring  address  to  his  soldiers  and  turned  their  steps 
northward,  the  hearts  of  the  Tennesseans  beat  high  with  hope.  Nashville  was  to 
be  recaptured,  and  the  flag  of  the  Confederacy  to  float  once  more  over  the  loved 
ones  at  home.  But  it  was  not  to  be.  At  Franklin,  and  in  sight  of  the  Capitol  at 
Nashville,  blood  flowed  like  water,  and  brave  men  fell  by  hundreds.  All  in  vain! 
Once  more  the  shattered  remnant  of  the  army  took  up  its  march  southward,  and 
on  New-year's-day,  1S65,  the  Fiftieth  crossed  the  Tennessee  line  and  stood  on  the 
soil  of  Alabama.     The  handwriting  was  now  on  the  wall. 

After  a  few  days  rest,  the  command  was  sent  by  rail  to  Smitlitield,  X.  C,  and 
here,  in  the  last  days  of  the  Confederacy,  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
Nineteenth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty-second  Tennessee  regiments  were  all 
consolidated  into  one  feeble  regiment,  which  was  called  the  Second  Tennessee. 
Bradshaw  remained  the  Colonel  of  this  regiment,  and  Pease  Lieutenant-colonel; 
Rothrock  was  Surgeon.  The  men  of  the  Fiftieth  and  the  First  Tennessee  bat- 
talions, and  the  Fourth  Confederate  Tennessee,  which  had  been  formerly  consol- 
idated., were  all  placed  in  one  company.  This  was  made  the  color -company  of  the 
regiment,  and  John  W.  Childress  was  Captain. 

There  was  a  good  deal  of  skirmishing  after  this  and  some  heavy  fighting,  but 
no  one  had  any  heart  in  it.  The  most  ignorant  soldier  in  the  army  knew  that 
the  cause  was  lost,  and  every  life  taken  was  felt  to  be  a  useless  sacrifice.  Still  the 
men  marched  and  countermarched,  and  stood  to  their  colors,  and  did  all  they 
could  to  stay  the  advance  of  Sherman's  victorious  troop?.  Then  came  the  news 
of  Lee's  surrender  at  Appomattox,  and  "last  scene  of  all  that  ends  this  strange, 
eventful  history,"  the  army  of  old  Joe  Johnston  laid  down  its  arms  and  gave  up 
the  fight  at  Greensboro,  N.  C,  April  26,  1865. 

Bagged  and  weary  and  heart-broken,  when  the  men  of  the  old  Fiftieth  fell  into 
line  for  the  hist  time,  and  stacked  arms  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy  on  that 
dreary  April  morning,  only  these  were  left  to  answer  at  roll-call: 

Co.  A:  J.  L.  .Martin,  Boston  Couts,  A.  Black,  W.  J.  Black,  W.  Trotter,  R.  R. 
Mills,  J.  J.  Tourin. 

Co.  B:  B.  R.  McCauley,  C.  E.  McCauley,  E.  T.  Hale. 

Co.  C:  Eight  men  names  unknown.     This  was  the  Alabama  company. 

Co.  D:  Matt  Jones,  Alfred  Downs,  Thomas  Cook,  "William  Wallace,  George 
Sanders. 

Co.  E:  John  L.  W.  Power,  W.  H.  Boiseau,  J.  H.  Willoughby. 

Co.  F:  James  Somers, Sevier. 

Co.  G:  W.  Thompson,  Miles  Yarbrough,  John  Hale. 

Co.  II:  Thomas  Broadie,  Henry  Atkins,  James  Barnes. 

Co.  I:  None. 

Co.  K:  J.  J.  McCauley,  Thomas  Cowley,  and  Rufus  Knight. 

The  Colonel,  Lieutenant-colonel,  Major,  Adjutant,  and  a  host  of  other  brave 
and  true  men,  all  dead — dead  as  the  cause  for  which  they  had  so  long  contended. 


5G-1 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Official.]  Fiftieth  Texxessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  S.  H.  Colms;  Lieutenant-colonel,  George  W.  Pease;   \djutant,  John  \V.  Childl 
Surgeon,  J.  B.Sugg;  Assistant  Surgeon,  It.  G.  Rothrock;  Chaplain,  J.  G.  Bolton. 


Allen,  B.  S.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Atkins,  G.  F.,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Thompson,  James,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Slaydeu,  J.  C,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Adkius,  T.  B.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Adkins,  C,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Garrison,  George,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Hale,  G.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Harvey,  W.  P.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Porter,  John,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Richardson,  J.  E.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Rainey,  J.  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
AUbrooks,  W.  B.,  d.  Oct.  1863. 
Brann,  B.  W.,  d.  Oct.  23,  1863. 
Hick?,  Baxter,  d.  Sept.  1,  1861. 
Causey,  Matthew,  d.  Sept.  1, 1861. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  J.  S.  Martin. 

Downs.  Elishn,  d.  Nov..  1862. 
Downs,  B.  F.,  d.  Nov.,  ISO.'. 
Guinn,  J.  F.,  d.  Sept..  1863. 
Harris,  V7.  J.  C,  d.  April  6,  1863. 
Harris,  Jasper,  k.  Sepr..  1863. 
Jorman,  Daniel,  d.  Nov..  T861. 
Lee,  Samuel,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
Loggins,  F.  J.,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
Mayberry,  Wash,  d.  Nov.  27,  1861. 
Matthews,  D.  N.,  k.  Sept.  13.  1863. 
Porter,  A.  J.,  d.  Oct.  20.  1862. 
Powell,  Aaron,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
Shelton,  S.  H.,  d.  May  6,  1SG3. 
Shelton,  J.  J.,  k.  at  Chickasaw  Bayou. 
Weaver.  J.  W.,  d.  Nov..  1863. 
Whitloek,  Jones,  d.  March,  1863. 


COMPANY  B. 
Cap'ain,  G.  W.  Pease. 


Garmore,  William,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Gossett,  Meredith,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Hendriek.s,  J.  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Harris,  H.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Harris,  John,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war, 
Largant,  W.  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Lemox,  Sandford,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
McAllister,  James,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Manes,  A.  J.,  d.a  prisoner  of  war. 
Patterson,  John  YV.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war 


j  Stanfield,  G.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
!  Powers,  W.,  d.  Jan.  1,  ls-62. 


Tramwell.C.  C,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Dean,  W.  J.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Jackson,  Capt.  J.  P.,  d.  Oct.  27,  1SG2. 
Matthews,  F.  M.,  d.  Nov.  28,  1801. 
Brock,  W.  F.,  d.  March  »r,  1862. 
Bradberry,  J.  B.,  d.  April  3,  1862. 
Porter,  J.  R.,  d.  March  22,  1SG2. 
Jones,  W.  A.,  d.  March  20. 1SG2. 
Newman,  L.,  d.  July  2,  18G2. 
Key,  E.  C,  d.  June  12,1862. 
WiUoughby,  J.  H.,  d.  June  25,  1S62. 
Wells,  J.  D.,  d.  July  23,  1SG2. 
Rurnn,  Thomas,  d.  May  22, 1862. 
Smith,  S.  D.,  July  1,1862. 
Clowers,  Allen,  d.  Jan.,  1S62 
Gilland,  T.,  d. 


Jenigan,  A.  J.,  d. 

Hays,  H.,  d.  Feb.  10,  1862, 

Frost,  W.  C,  d. 

Fentrey,  G.  W.,  d.  June  1,  1SC3. 

Bevels,  Amon,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 

Bledsoe,  B.  B.,  d.  April  9,  1863. 
j  Shunt;  James,  d.  Sept.  15. 1863. 
j  Daniel,  G.  \Y..  d.  Sept.  17,  1863. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  J.  T.  Reid. 

Johnson,  J.  S.,  d.  Jan.,  1362. 

Yar1  rough,  C.  A.,  d. 

Crier,  A.  C,  d. 

Goff,  William,  d.  Nov.  20,  1861. 

Smith,  Thomas,  d. 

Davis,  D.  C,  d. 

Clayton,  C.  M.,  d. 

Scott.  J.  H.,  d. 

Schallor,  James,  d. 

Carter.  John.  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

Richardson.  W.  Yv\,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

Herri ty,  E.  A  ,  d. 

Herrity,  J.  L.,  d. 

Whitty,  William,  k.  at  Vicksburcr. 

Smith,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  Samuel  Graham. 

William-,  G.  Y.,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  1  Bevel.  James,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 

Brabstoia,  W.  C.  k.  at  Chickamauga.  I  Stulis,  T.,  k.  at  fort  DonelsoB. 

Huddleston,  S.  5.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  j  Robertson,  Wm.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 

Outland,  Daniel,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  j  Henderson.  Joshua,  k.  M  Fort  Donelson 

Vinson,  T.  B.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  j  Webster,  J  J.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridgp. 


PtLGLMENTAL  HlSTOBIES  AND  MEfltOEIAL  JaOLLS. 


Eoyl,  James,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 

Bransen,  J.  T.,  k.  at  Missionary  Ridge. 

Howies,  Jamea,  J.  Nov.  15,  1SG2. 

Abner,  William,  d.  Oct.,  1862. 

Branson,  David,  d.  Nov.,  1862. 

Elliott,  Thomas,  d.  Nov.,  1803. 

Juring,  Thomas,  d.  July,  1862. 

Griffin,  W.  J.,  d.  Jan.,  IS62. 

Howe,  J.  W.,  d.  April,  1802. 

Morns,  J.  M.,  d. 

Morgan,  John,  d.  Nov.,  1862, 

Page,  J.  W.,  d. 

Rook,  Joseph,  d.  Dec,  1362. 


Shaw,  Jehu,  d.  Nov.,  1302. 
Sills,  Wiley,  <i.  Oct.,  1502. 
Silts,  E.  G.,  d.  Nov.,  1361. 
Steward,  C.  C,  d.  May,  1S62. 
Scarborough,  W.  F.,  d. 
Watson,  Riley,  d.  ^ov..  1801. 
West,  D.,  d.  April,  1863. 
Wimberly,  William,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
Vick,  W.  D.,  d. 
Vick,  P.,  d. 

Tuaneli,  John,  d.  June,  1803. 
Scarborough,  J.  N.,  d.  March,  1SG3. 


COMPANY  E. 
Caotain,  Thomas  C.  Mallory. 


Lunn,  J.  S.,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Flowers,  George,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
Crunk,  John,  k.  at  Chiekamauga. 
McCauley,  George,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Ogg,  Robert,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Cannon,  John,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Dudley,  W.  G.,  d. 
Gunn,  John  W.,  d. 


j  Goodman,  Timothy,  d. 
i  Johnson,  J.  T,  d. 

Feeter,  Robert,  d. 

Seay,  Walter,  d. 

Tate,  Henry,  d.  Sept.,  1S62. 

Watts,  N.  T.  d. 

Whalthall,  Wm.,  d. 


Cox,  A.  G-,  k.  at  Raymond. 
Holland,  Edward,  d.  Oct.  20,  1803. 
Baker,  R.  0.,  d. 

Champion,  William,  d.  Dec,  1861 
Feutrell,  Daniel,  d.  Dec,  1601. 
Gibson,  G.  R.,  d.  Dec,  1861. 
Garner,  Elias,  d.  Dec,  1861. 
Humbrie,  Wm.,  d.  Feb.,  1363. 
Hargrove,  Leandci*.  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
Morgan,  Robert,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 


Josl  in,  H.  T.  W.,  k.  Sept.  13,  1863. 

Anderson,  W.,  d. 

Belamy,  J.  T.,  d. 

Duke,  G.,  k.  Sept.  13, 1863. 

Denumbrim,  G.,  d. 

Hall,  M.,  d. 


Edwards,  C.  P.,  k.  at  Chick.amam 
Alsup,  Wiliiam,  d. 
Andrews,  T.  B.,  d.  Jan.  23,  1863. 
Becker,  G.  W.,  d.  Jan.,  1863. 
Carthey,  Wiley,  d.  Jan.,  1803. 
Fowler,  G.  W.,  d.  Nov.  20,  1862. 
Guddy,  L.  A.,  d.  Oct.  23,  1502. 
Hogan,  E.  A.,  d.  Sept.,  1862. 


Belt,  R.  C,  k.  at  Petersburg. 
Barrett,  J.  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  A.  C.  Richards. 

Norfieeb  L.  MV,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
Moree,  Wm.,  d.  Aug.  10,  1303. 
Reed,  John,  <\.  Aug.  10,  1803. 
Roberts,  Charles,  d.  May  2,  1S63. 
Smith,  William,  d.  April,  1863. 
Sumner,  William,  d.  July.  1863. 
Sumner,  Roderick,  d.  March,  1863. 
Sills,  J.  T.,  d.  March.  1863. 
Stumper,  David,  d.  Nov.,  1861. 
I 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  Samut!  Mays. 

[  Pinsou,  A.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 

Shearin,  J.  A.,  d. 

South,  J.,  d. 

Taylor,  T.  A-,  d. 

I  Taylor,  G.  W.,  d. 

I  Gaddy,  L.  A.,  d. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  II.  C.  Lockert. 

Hull,  Samuel,  d. 

Sargent,  John,  d. 

Lane,  Joseph,  k.  at  Raymond. 

Martin,  Francis,  d. 

Mebley,  W.  A  .  d. 

Manning,  Mathew,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson. 

Oguin,  W.  R-,  d. 

Sexton,  Reuben,  d. 

COMPANY  T. 
Captain,  S.  W.  Morton. 

|  Allsbrook,  Tsham,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
]  Glasco,  G.  W;,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Henstcn,  Ti'man,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Mattis,  Anderson,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Milam,  II.  D.,  d.  fi  prisoner  of  war. 
3Ioore,  Robert,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Parrott,  Wilson,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Robeson,  'J'.  Z.:  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Tomlinson,  W.  D.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Weaver,  John,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Wallace,  Lewis,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 


Patterson,  .7.  W.,  d.  Dec.  20, 1S61. 
Benner,  W.  M.,  d.  March  IG,  1861. 
Mc  Murray,  A.  J.,  d.  Sent.  6,  1863. 
White,  J.  W.,  d.  Oct.  0,1363. 
Admus,  J.,  d.  Jan.  18,  1801. 
Admus,  C.  J.,  d.  July  lfi,  1862. 
Brigam,  K.  W.,  d.  Oct.  28,  1802. 
Bryant,  B.  F.,  d.  June  12,  ISG2. 
Black,  J.  A.,  d.  Jan.  18,  1862. 
Bramlett,  Henry,  a.  April  13,  1863. 
Clies,  R.  T.,  d.  June,  1863. 
Cowen,  A.,  d.  Pee.  12,  1803. 
Gritmiil,  T.,  d.  Sept.  20,  1803. 
Carter,  W.  H.,  d.  Feb.  15;  1862. 
Denice,  W.  J.,  d.  June  lfi,  1SC2. 
Erndurus,  S-  d.  Feb.,  1861. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  T.  M.  Curtis. 

Etheridge,  J.,  d.  Dec.  26, 1861. 
Garrett,  T.  J.,  d.  March  5,  1802. 
Thurraan,  W.  II.,  d.  May  15,  1862. 
Anderson,  S.  J.,  d.  March,  1863. 
Hutson,  Jehu,  d.  May,  1862. 
Hooper,  S.  K.,  d.  Dec.  26,  1861. 
Hunt,  T.,  d.  June  7,  1863. 
Kelley,  E.,  d.  Jan.  12,  1862. 
Merid'eth,  T.  J.,  d.  June  14,  1862. 
Patrick,  James,  d.  June  1,  1863. 
Smith,  J.  T.,  d.  June  14,  18B2. 
Smith,  John,  d.  June  1,  1863. 
Smith,  James,  d.  Jan.  15,  1862. 
Sims,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  1,  1862. 
Semore,  F.  H.,  d.  Jan.  1,  1862. 
Winster.  C.  C,  d.  Jan.  3, 1862. 


FIFTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


OpciaL~\  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  John  Chester;  Lieutenant-colonel,  John  G.Hall;  Major,  John  F.  Williams;  Adju- 
tant, G.  W.  Smitheal ;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  Henry  SanforJ;  Surgeon,  Thomas  W.  Roane; 
Assistant  Surgeon,  D.  G.  Godwin;  Chaplain,  T.  Page. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  N.  A.  Wesson. 


Bowman,  B.  W.,  d.  during  service. 
Gaining,  Tray,  d.  during  service. 
Crawley.  W.  H.  H.,  d.  during  service. 
Cherry,  Wm.,  d.  during  service. 
Davis,  J.  C,  d.  during  service. 
Fisher.  J.,  d.  during  service. 
N'ix,  H.,  d.  during  service. 


Newsom,  J.  C,  d.  during  service. 
Palmer,  T.  VV.,  k.  at  Lexington. 
'league,  Jotin,  d.  during  service. 
Tubb-,  James,  d.  during  service. 
Wells,  Eli,  d.  during  service. 
Woods,  John,  d.  during  service. 
Yarbrough,  N.  H.,  d.  during  service. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  T.  C   Campbell. 


Freeman,  E.  F.,  d.  during  service. 
Feeze*r,  J.  F.,  d.  during  service. 
Lemonds,  J.  M.,  d.  during  service. 
More,  W.  R.,  d.  during  service. 
Gates,  L.  D.,  d.  during  service. 
Trobaugh,  H.  R.,  d.  during  service. 
Barton,  J.  P.,  d.  April  >.  ISfiS. 
Daniel,  G.  H.,  d.  April  23, 1862. 
Wnitworth,  D.  M.,d.  April  28,  1802. 
Eaeis,  J.  M.,  d.  April  1,  1862, 


Mc Duffy,  Stephen,  d.  March  26,  1862. 

Puckett,  Joseph,  d.  March  23,  1862. 

Buckley,  S.,  d. 

Johnson,  B.  F.,  d. 

Starling,  R.,  d. 

Wilder.  T.  F.,  d. 

West,  W.  M.,  k.  at  Perryviile. 

Dcaren,  H.  L,,  d.  Dec.  10,  1862. 

Grady,  H.  C,  n.  Jan.  20,  1863. 

Wherry,  W.  T.,  d.  March  31,  1863. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


5G7 


Howell,  B.,  d.  Feb.  15,  1864, 
Bishop,  H.  W.,  d.  Nov.  3,  18*52. 
Leadbetter,  A.  M.,  d.  Dec  3,  1862. 
Hutcherson,  G.  W.,  d.  Nov.  •'•,  1863. 
Spain,  Peter,  d. 
Plunk,  Daniel,  d.  Feb.  2.?,  1883. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  0.  D.  Weaver. 

Tarpley,  B.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh 
B;ws,  B.  B,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Moss,  J.  0.,  d. 
Messer,  James,  d. 
Ruth,  Job,  d. 


COMPANY  D. 


Captain, 
Barton,  R.  W.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Byram,  £.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Cole,  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Dickerson,  J.  C.  d.  a  prisoner  of  v/ar. 
Boyd,  W,  H..  d.  a  prhont-r  of  war. 
Merriweather,  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Valentine,  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Weatherly,  A.  D.,d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Fogg,  J.  D.,  d.  Feb,  8,  1863. 
Bryant,  A.  S.,  k.  at  Perry  vilie. 
Cox,  J.  B.,  d.  Oct.  22,  1862. 
Price,  W.  3n  d.  Nov.,  1SG2. 


M.  Murehison. 

Graves,  M.  V.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Askew,  David,  d.  May  26,  1862. 
Crenshaw,  J.  N\  d.  April  3,  1862. 
Duffer,  M.C.,  d.  .March  2,  1862 
Garner,  B.  G.,  d.  Jan.  15, 1882. 
Lipscomb,  S.  E.,  d.  March  6,  1862. 
Perry,  J.  F.,d.  April  12,  1862. 
Roberts,  J.  W.,  d.  March  8,  1862. 
Roberts,  R.  \V.,  d.  April  1.3,  1862. 
Stowbaugb,  W.  F.,  d.  May  26,  1862. 
Andrews,  A.  J.,  d.  April  27,  1862. 


Wilson,  W.  G.,  d.  April  14,  1803. 
Rensey,  J.  W„  d.  April  14.  1802. 
Rowland,  Joseph  A.,  d.  March  2,  1SG2 
Holloway,  W.  L.,  d.  April  19,  18G2. 
Hutson,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Metson,  William,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Byrd,  C.  D.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Govvor,  VV.  A.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Creasey,  A.  J.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Keiley,  Elijah,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Wells,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  4,  18G2. 
Bradley,  S.  T.,  d. 


Wallace,  John,  d.  April  24,  1864. 
Taylor,  L.  D.,  d.  Dec.  SO,  1862. 
McKnight,  W.  R.,  d.  Jan.  2.  18G3. 
Robley,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Perryville.   , 
Buntin,  W.  R.,  d.  May  14,  1862. 
Bradford,  Thomas,  (J.  March  5,  1862. 
Bowman,  P.  G.,  d.  May  29, 1862. 
Caruthers,  J.  W.  d.  Feb.  16,  1862. 
Glidewell,  W.,  d.  May  31,  1862. 
Jordan,  J.  W.,  d.  June  24,  1862. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  John  W.  Estes. 

Holland,  Martin,  d.  March  25,  1862. 
Pickens,  A.  J.,  d.  May  5,  1862. 
Newman,  H.  T.,  d.  Feb.  23,  1SG2. 
Smith,  Nick,  d.  Feb.  28,  186:i. 
Shannon,  W.  L.,  d.  E>ee.  2.%  1862. 
Temms,  John,  d.  March  20,  is62. 
Boswell,  Purdy,  d.  Jan.  2u,  1S62. 
Matthews,  J.  C.,  d. 
Nealey,  R.  M.,  d. 
Boswell,  George,  d. 
McWhorter,  S.  D.,  d. 
Roland,  J.  E.,  d.  April  10,  1862. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  M.  W.  Russell. 

I  Jackson,  S.  D.,  d.  April  22, 1862. 

Latham,  J.  P.,  d.  March  S,  1SG2. 
!  Leathers,  J.  T.,  d.  May  14,  1862. 

McLemore,  Charles,  d. 

Smith,  Alexander,  d.  March  25,  1862. 

Upton,  John,  d.  May  22,  1862. 

Joines,  D.  Y.,  d.  March  19,  1862. 

Bray,  E.  B.,  d. 

McAdams,  J.  G.,  d. 


Calhoun,  J.  H.,  d.  Oct.  22.  1%2. 
Ford,  C.  L.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Stephenson,  VV,  B.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro 
Wilson,  W.  J.  D.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Cole,  A.  J.,  d.  May  24,  1862. 
Bowling.  C.  F..  d.  May  26,  1862. 
Feezor,  P,  L,  d.  June  6.  1S62. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  S.  E.  Sherrell. 

|  Owens,  A.,  d.  May  11,  1862. 
i  Pickard,  H.  B.,  d.  May  29,  1862. 
Siraonton,  Presley,  d.  May  21,  1862 
Erwin,  C.  W.,  d.  June  D,  1862. 
!  Flanikin,  J.  W.,  d.  May  13,  lftGJ. 
{  Goode,  C.  P.,  d. 
I  Town.-end,  P.  H.  d. 


568 


Militahy  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Walker,  R.  C,  d. 
Erwiu,  J.  ir.,  d.  Juiy  12, 1863. 
DicksOQ,  C.  S.,  d.  Aug.  2,  1863. 
Beatty,  J.  B.,  d.  Feb.  12,  1862. 
Cutlsealh,  W.  S.  S  ,  d.  Ami.  6,  1862. 
Hill,  T.  W.,d.  Feb.  18, 1S02- 


White,  N.  M..  k.  at  Perryvillo. 
Williams,  A.,  Is.  at  Perpyville; 
Easley,  W.  H.,k.  at  Pevryville. 
Herron,  D.,  k.  at  Perryville. 
Salmon,  J.  N\,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 


Phillip?,  W.  y.5  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Scott,  H.  W.,k.  at  MnrfreesborD. 
fifillikea,  E.,  k.  Jan.  4, 1863. 


Larimoro,  W.  A.,  d.  ilarch  31,  1SGJ. 
Pcwett,  T.  J,d.  Feb.  3.  1862. 
Seareey,  K.  L.,  d.  Feb.  1,  1862. 
Sherrell,  J.  W.,  d.  March  20, 1862. 

Morrison.  Henry  E.,  d.  Oct.  3, 1SG2. 
Gotten,  J.  H.,  d. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  T.  C.  Campbell. 

Campbell,  Capt.  T.  C,  k.  at  Murfreesbor- 
Larimore,  J.  N.,  d. 
McDonald,  James,  d.  March  1,  1863. 
Starling  Abraham,  d.  Feb.  12,  1SG3. 
I 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  F.  M.  Spiry. 

I  Ralston,  J.  N.,  d.  June  20,  15G2. 

I  Yeakley,  G.  W.,k.  at  Murfreesboro. 

1  Blackman,  John,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 


COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  J.  S.  Hall. 
McClaire,  Dame!,  k.  at  Shiloh.  i  Harley,  John,  d.  June  21,  1862. 

Brokers,  James  C,  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  \  Looney,  J.  A.,  d.  April  27,  130: 

Futhey,  R.  W.,  d.  July,  1863. 


FIFTY-SECOND  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


Official^  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  Benjamin  J.  Lee;  Lieutenant-colonel,  John  W.  Estes;  Major,  Thomas  G.  Randl 
Adjutant,  John  R.  Pegles. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  S.  H.  Smith. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  -I.  A.  Russell. 

C03IPANY  C. 

Captain,  J.  S.  Stansiil. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  T.  W.  McMaxrny. 

McMurray,  Capt.  T.  W.,  k.  Jan.  25,  1SG3. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  J.  G.  Thomasson. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  R.  M.  Burton. 

I  Crosby,  J.  R..  d.  Dec.  14,  1SC3. 

I  Henderson,  E.  D.,  d.  Aug.  11,  1863 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain.  G.  W.  Thomasson. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  J.  C.  Jackson. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  B.  S.  Newman. 

CO: M  PA  NY  K. 

Captain,  S.  S.  Haley. 


Burnett,  T.  M.,  k.  at  Chicka manga 
Lee,  G.  W.,  d.  March  14, 1863. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         5G9 


FIFTY-THIRD  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


OJcM] 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  W.  C.  Richardson. 
Anderson,  James,  k.  ac  Donel?cn.  I  Hazelwood,  Patrick,  d.  Dec.  25, 1861. 

Bass,  Richard,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war.  |  Well*,  James  B.,  d. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  William  B.  Holden. 
McClary,  Wm.  M.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war.  j  Loudon,  Thomas  B..  d.  Jan.,  1SC2. 

Brown,  N.  T.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Hanoe  H.  Aymett. 
Beckham,  Benjamin  W.,  d.  Feb.  13,  1862.  i  McNease,  James,  d.  March  28, 1SG2. 

McNease,  John  P.,  d.  April  12,  1862, 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Thomas  F.  Winston. 
Williams,  Andrew,  d.  March  3,  1S62.  j  Rosson,  Andrew,  k.  at  Donelson. 

Pamplin,  Elijah,  d.  March  6, 1862.  J  Fleming,  Richard,  k.  at  Donelson. 

Emerson,  Joseph  H.,  d.  April,  1862,  ' 
Fowler,  Holman  EL  d.  Feb.  21, 1SG2. 
Wood,  Samuel  B.,  k.  at  Donelson. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Isaac  H.  Hill. 


Daggett,  Marshall,  k.  at  Donelson. 
Butler,  Joel  D.,  k.  at  Donelson. 


Dilleha,  Levi  J.,  d.  June  15,  1862. 
McConnell,  Anderson  EL,  d.  March  10,  1S62. 


Beckett,  William,  k.  at  Donelson. 
Osborne,  Ala  A.,  d.  April  12,  1862. 
Mitchell,  William  D.,  d.  July  24, 1862.  • 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Alfred  A.  Abernathy. 
Daniel,  William  C,  d.  Feb.  6, 1862.  j  Smith,  Robert  J.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

0"Gwinn,  Colman,  d.  March  12,  1862.  j  .Miller,  Earnest  R.,  d.  at  St.  Louis. 

Mc  Maury,  Robert,  d.  at  Camp  Chase.  j  McCage,  James,  k.  at  Donelson. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  James  D.  Beaner. 
Neale,  George  W.,  k.  at  Donelson.  I  Willerson,  John,  d.  Jan.  7,  1SG2. 

Pillow,  Jerome  A.,  k.  at  Donelson.  Cashion,  Samuel,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

Owens,  Bynum,  d.  Jan.  1",  1862.  i  Beaner,  Capt.  James  D.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

Maxey,  Thomas  H,  d.'March  2,  1SG2.  | 

COMPANY  H. 

Camp  near  Holly  Springs,  October  20,  1SG2. 
Capt.  Ellis.  Assistant  Adjutant-general:  By  order  of  Governor  Harris,  of  Tennessee,  Com- 
pany H,  of  the  Fifty -third  Tennessee  Infantry  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Weakley,  near  Na-h- 
ville,  in  December,  1861;  but  from  the  want  of  a  sufficient  number  of  men,  were  never  sworn 
into  the  service  of  the  Confederacy.  Nevertheless,  Company  II  participated  in  the  organiza- 
tion of  this  regiment  at  Fort  Donelson.  For  reasons  best  known  to  themselves,  this  company 
— officers  and  men  alike — left  the  camp  all  together,  without  permission.  From  the  fail  of 
Fort  Donelson  to  the  present  hour,  said  company  remains  yet  to  be  heard  from. 

(Signed)  John  11.  White,  Major  commanding. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  John  R.  White. 
Henderson,  J.  M..  d.  March  15,  18C2.  i  Horn,  John,  d.  April  17,  1862. 

Vick,  R.  C.  d.  Feb.  1,  1862.  I  Dodson,  Eli,  d.  Jan.  20,  1SG2. 

Hickman,  J.  K.,  d.  Jan.  15,  1862, 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  Milton  E.  Alexander. 
Keltner,  E.  F..  d.  June  2,  1S62.  |  Morrow,  James  A.,  d.  Jan.  15,  1862, 

Ashworth,  C.  A.,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war  j  Morrow,  T.  L.,  d.  Jan.,  1862. 

Llensop.  J.  R.,  d.  June  22,  1S62.  I  Rea,  J.  C,  d.  Jan.  28,  1SG2. 

LangUorn,  E.  W.,  dT  Feb.  22,  1862.  1 


L 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


FIFTY-FIFTH   TENNESSEE   INFANTRY. 


OficiaL']  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  Alexander  J.  Brown;  Lieutenant-colonel,  William  A.  Jones;  Major,  J.  H.  Hilsm&n; 
Surgeon.  J.  M.  Driver;  Assistant  Surgeon.  J.  M.  Borders;  Chaplain.. J.  B.  Muck;  Assistant  Com- 
missary, T.  H.  Baker;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  G.  L.  Harris;  Adjutant,  J.  D.  Bledsoe. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  W.  A.  Jones. 

j  O'Sullivan,  Daniel,  d.  June  25,  18G2. 


Bond,  Wright,  d.  Aug.  30,  1862. 
Coitingham,  Wro.,  d.  Jan.  C,  1862. 
Capps,  J.  G.,  d.  Dec.  25,  1862. 
Hudson,  W.  R.,  u.  June  22,  1862. 
Holland,  D.  W.,  d  Jan.  S,  1862. 
Herron,  W.  V.*.,  d.  Sept.  10, 1862. 
Herron.  J.  D.,  d.  Aug.  7, 1862. 
McDauiel,  Middle  ton.  d.  Aug.  2 


Williams,  F.  M.,  d.  Jan.  19, 18G2. 
Parker,  L.  D.,  d.  May  10,  1362. 
Arnold,  H.,  d.  Oct.  22,  18*2. 
Arnold,  S.  M.,  d.  Jan.  10,  1862, 
,  Berry,  W.  W.,  d.  May  10,  1862. 
Brewer,  W.  B.,  d.  Oct.  22,  1S61. 
Brewer,  Lewis,  d.  Jan.  31,  18G2. 
Cherry,  B.,  d.  Jan.  16.  1862. 
CarrT,  J.  C,  d.  July  S,  1862. 
Carff,  A.  J.,  q\  July  11, 1862. 
Go--sett,  Allen,  d.  Aug.  5,  1S62. 
Holland,  James,  d.  Dec.  2:1.  1862. 
Holland,  M.  II.,  d.  J  line  16,  1862, 
Holmes,  J.  C,  d.  Jau.  9,  1862. 


Wilson,  William,  d.  July  2,  I88S 
Williamson,  J.  H.,  d.  April  27,  1 
Tucker,  J.  R.,  d.  May  4,  1862. 
Pinckley,  S.,  d.  April  27, 1862. 


Presson,  W.  R.,  d.  July  'J,  1862. 
j  Rnshen,  Solomon,  d.  Dee.  25,  1862. 
|  Stugall,  II.  F.,  d.  Jan.  25,  1862. 

Spain,  W.  II.,  d.  Dec.  31,  1862. 

Taylor,  W.  II.,  d.  Oct.  25,  1862, 

Waters,  J.  B.,  d.  Jan.  10,  1862. 

Webb,  Benjamin,  d.  Jan.  15,  1862. 
COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  P.  M.  Melton. 

Jones,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  IS,  1862. 

Jones,  Wm.,  d.  Jan.  10,  1862. 

Melton,  J.  W.,  d.  June  7, 1863. 

Mellon,  Matthew,  d.  Jan.  4,  1862. 

Melton,  W.  R.,  d.  July  13,  1862. 

McPherson,  A.G.,  d.  Dec.  27.  1862. 

McPherson,  S.  G.,  d.  Dee.  31,  1863. 

Myers.  Alfred,  d.  Feb.  28,  1863. 

Pafford,  Hubbard,  d.  Aujx.  5,  1S62. 

Pafford,  J.  B.,  d.  Jan.  7,  1S62. 

Phifer,  Joseph,  d.  Jan.  14,  18C2. 

Sykes,  Robert,  d.  Jan.  16,  1862. 

Vester,  J.  C,  d.  July  26, 1S62. 

Wilson,  Burred,  d. 
COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  J.  D.  Bledsoe. 

Prichard,  Charles,  d.  March  4,  1S62. 

Goocb,  J.  A.,  d.  E>ec.  10,  1862. 

Buttvy,  M.  F.,  d.  April  24,  1862. 


Richardson,  James,  d.  Dec.  IS,  1863. 
Robbins.  Levi,  d.  Feb.  12,  1862. 
Taylor,  Robert,  d.  May  22.  1862. 
Pimpkins,  W.  M..  d.  May  15, 1SG2. 
Vaught,  J.  M.,  d.  Sept.  2, 1862. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  S.  B.  Jones. 

Smith,  A.  Q.,  d.  June  20, 1862. 
Page,  R.  M.,  d.  June  30,  1S62. 
Black,  J.  M.,  d.  July  5, 1862. 
Duffer,  J.  E.,  d.  July  12,  1862. 
Allen,  William,  d.  Feb.  1,  1862. 
COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  J.  E.  Flake. 
Blankinship,  Isaac,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas.  |  Powell,  M.  W.,  d.  at  Island  No.  10. 

Lester,  Robert,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas.  j  Singleton,  T.  T.,  d.  Sept.  22,  1862. 

JN'ieter,  R.,  d.  at  Island  No.  10.  j 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  D.  N.  MeCallum. 
Pierce,  Evan.  d.  Jan.  19,  1862.  !  Brig^ance,  II.  C,  d.  July  13,  1862. 

Smith,  B.  W..  d.  Jan.  19, 1862.  |  Brigganee,  C.  C,  d.  Jan.  2.  1862, 

Davis,  Z.,  d.  April  36,  1861  I  Woods,  Vincent,  d.  Oct.  11,  1S63. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


7] 


Houston,  George,  d. 

Jones,  Lawson,  d. 

Hughes,  John,  d. 

Persons,  James,  d. 

Price,  VY.  c,  d. 

Spain,  W.  R.,  d. 

Burrows,  W.  M.,d. 

Barham,  T.  C,  d. 

Burrows,  R.  T.,  d.  Oct.  21,  1802. 

Drummonil,  B.  M.,  d.  Dec.  20, 1862. 


Butler,  E.  M.,  d.  Dec.  21,  IS'M. 
Gordon,  J.  H.,  d.  May  21,  1802. 
Rain i! tou,  Thomas,  d. 
Hamilton,  E.  B-,  d.  March  23,  1862. 
Harban,  J.  J.,  d.  Oct.  3,  1862. 
Harper,  Rufus,  d.  Dec.  22,  1862. 
Moore,  Granville,  d. 


Perry,  J.  S.,  d.  March  20,  1862. 
Hoskins,  Joe,  d.  Feb.  11,  1S62. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  J.  E.  McDonald. 

Hunt,  R,  M.,  d.  June  16,  1862. 
Kolb,  J.  Q.,  d.  Aug.  20,  1862. 
Mo  Do  u  gal,  T.  A.,  d.  Feb.  2,  1SG3. 
Manning,  W.  IL,  d.  Nov.  1,  1862. 
McConner,  VV.  J.,  d.  April  5,  1S63. 
Smith,  R.  A.,  d.  July  19,  1862. 
Taylor,  W.  \Y\,  d.  July  28,  I86i 
Warren,  J.  C,  d.  May  7,  1862. 
Webb,  Jack,  d.  Sept.  14,  18G2. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  W.  S.  Adams. 

Netherland,  A.  M.,  d. 
Reynolds,  W.  T.,  d.  May  12, 1362. 
Bland,  L.  T.,  d.  June  17,  1S62. 
R^ese,  Joseph,  d.  Nov.  23, 1862. 
Taylor,  W.  B.,  d.  Oct.  24,  1862. 
Howard,  B.  A.,  d. 
Writchey,  William,  d. 

COMPANY  I. 
Capuin,  H.  B.  Day. 

Crews,  T.  P.,  d.  Feb.  5, 1S62. 


COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  James  H.  Joyner. 


FIFTY-NINTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


Official]  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  J.  B.  Cooke;  Lieutenant-colonel,  W.  L.  Eaken;  M*jor,  C.  M.  Alexander;  Adjutant, 
J.  F.  Love;  Quartermaster,  S.  S.  Stakely;  Commissary,  W.  D.  Van  Dyke;  Surgeon,  G.  W 
Henly ;  Assistant  Surgeon,  J.  M.  Thomasson. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Benj.  A.  Profet. 

(  Jack,  Samuel,  d.  June  27,  1863. 


Cartright,  H.  C,  d.  Nov.  8, 1SG2 
Stratton,  John,  d.  Nov.  4,  1862. 


Charte,  Chesley  C,  d. 


Duncan,  J.  N.,  d.  May  8,  1863. 
Smith,  James  L.,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Lyon,  Jeremiah,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Davis,  J.  R..  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Glover,  Samuel  J.,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  James  P.  Brown. 

)  Rnaden,  Marion  D.,  k.  Feb.  18,  1863. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  J.  31.  Hays. 

Blevins,  John,  d.  Sept.,  1863. 
Ray  wood,  A.,  d. 

Nichols,  Timothy,  d.  Dec.  20,  1863. 
Garden.  James  L.,  d.  Jan.  13,  1S63. 
Hicks,  Eldndse,  d.  Dec.  20,  1862. 


McGir.ty,  John.  d.  Jan.  2. 180?. 
Harrison,  Alfred,  d.  Dec.  10,  1S62. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain.  Reuben  Giles. 

I  Young,  G.  W.,  d.  Nov.  20,  !8fi2. 


572 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Grigsby,  VV.  J.,  d.  Jan.  17,  186 
Sexton,  Wm.  J.,  d.  Nov.  0,  lb 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  J.  A.  McDennott. 

j  Watson,  William,  ri.  Nov.  lo,  1<>6'J 

l 
I 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Henry  D.  Giesler. 


1,1862 
1862. 


Garger,  George  W.,  d.  Sep 
Poore,  Clayton  P.,  d.  Oct.  2-5 
W'olford,  James  A.,  d.  Nov.  25,  1862. 
Hudson,  Robert,  d.  Aug.  S,  1863. 


Stanfield,  Samuel  G.,  d.  July  11, 1S6C 

Millard,  Hugh  C,  d.  Aug.  13,  1S«13. 

Peters,  Samuel,  d.  July  1G,  1863. 

Wilder,  John  G.,  d.  Aug.  11, 1863. 
COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  John  W.  Stratton. 

j  Preesley,  G.  W.,  d.  Sept.  8,  I86£ 

Nichols,  S.  R.,  d.  Aug.  14,  1SC2. 
j  Morris,  J.  C,  d.  Aug.  ID,  1862. 
j  Phillips,  George  A*.,  d.  April  1,  1S62. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  John  B.  Cobb. 

j  Burns,  Arthur,  d.  July  2,  186.3. 
j  Maxwell.  Jardon.  d.  June  21, 1863. 
|  Smith,  William  J.,  d.  June  25, 1363. 
COMPANY  I. 
Captain.  William  H.  Smith. 
Boyd,  Westley  Vv\,  d.  Feb.  21, 1363. 
COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  John  S.  Duckworth. 
Wilson,  Thomas,  d.  Dec.  1,  1S63.     ,  j  Dunn.  John,  d.  June  23,  1863. 

Russell,  J.  A.,  d.  Oct.  21,  1812.  | 


McGill,  Robert,  d.  July  17,  1863. 
Pearce,  Marshall,  d.  July,  1863. 
Gaston,  David,  d.  July  go,  1863. 
Wood,  Lewis,  d.  July,  1863. 


Ritchey,  William,  d.  Nor.  2,  1862. 
Ritchey,  Robert,  d.  Nov.  7,  18f>2. 
Buckner,  Jesse  F.,  d.  May  12,  1863. 


SIXTIETH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


Official]  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  John  H.Crawford;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Nathan  Gregg;  Major,  James  A.  Rhea;  As- 
sistant Quartermaster,  John  F.  MeCUire;  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  Aken  Crawford; 
Surgeon,  A.  N.  Harris;  Assistant  Surgeon,  B.  Y.  Blair;  Adjutant,  C.  S.  Newman. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Frank  S.  Blair. 
Phillips,  George  W.,  d.  March,  1863.  I  Shaffield,  Moses,  d.  Aug.  13,  1863., 

Odell,  Abraham,  d.  March  10, 1803.  |  Stephen,  W.  K.,  d.  June  25,  1S63. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Samuel  R.  Gammon. 
Metlock,  R.  B ,  d.  March  12, 1863.  .  Stuart,  William,  d.  April  0, 1863. 

Winslead,  Marion,  d.  Feb.  17,  1863.  | 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  John  H.  Crouch. 
Crouch,  Capt.  John  II,  d.  Aug.  28,  1863.  j  Sealf,  James,  d.  March  29,  1803. 

Ball,  Spencer,  d.  March  10,  1863. 


Hair,  Samuel,  d 
Muncy,  T.M.,d 


Branch,.  L.  F~  d.  June  1, 18tu3. 
Coliins,  Bailey,  d.  May  l:;,  18(0. 
Eden,  Michael,  d.  July  1,  1863. 
Norris,  Abraham,  d.  Aug  15,  1863. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  L.  Hale. 

I  Pruchett,  W.  H.,  d.  Aucr.  13,  1863. 
•  j  Bowman,  D.  K.,  d.  May  '■),  1863. 
!  Cain,  William,  d.  Feb.  25,  lbG.3. 


Regimental  Histokies  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


Capt; 
Bacon,  Montgomery,  d.  March  9, 18(53. 
Combs,  M.  S.,  d.  March  14,  1363. 


COMPANY  E. 
in,  William  P.  Barron. 

Murray,  R.  B.,  d.  March  6, 1863. 
Murray,  Ira  G.,  April  0,1303. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Mark  Bacon.   . 
Bowman,  Alfred,  d.  March  29, 1SGS 


Cos,  Henry,  d.  Dec.  3, 1SG3. 
Cox,  William,  d.  Aug.  10,  1863. 
Ford,  B.  31.,  d.  Aug.  13,  1863. 
Galloway,  Washington,  d.  Aug.  9.  1863. 
Galloway,  Noah.  d.  July  10,  IS<>3. 
Hall,  I).  K..  J.  June  !§,  1S63. 
McCulley,  James,  d.  July  7,  1863. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  Jos.  R.  Crawford. 

Morton.  W.  G.,  d.  July  3,  1883. 
Pickens,  S.  P.,  d.  Oct.  7,  1863. 
Riley,  J.  W.  P.,  d.  July  27,  1863. 
Bowman,  Archibald,  d.  July  2,  1SG3. 
Lynville,  John,  d.  March  12, 1863. 
Hale,  John,  d.  March  10,  1863. 
Booher,  John,  d.  March  18, 1SC3. 


COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  James  C.  Hodges. 


Owens,  John  A.,  d.  March  28,  1SG3. 
Long,  Lawson  H.,  d.  Feb.  27,  1SG3. 
E^ooiev,  Aaron,  d.  Feb.  20,  1863. 
Mellin,  Thomas  L.,  d.  March  6,  1863. 
Miller,  Jeremiah,  d.  March  28, 1SG3. 


I  Pinion,  Jackson,  d.  March  28,  1S63.      • 
Rich,  Thomas,  d.  March  28,  1863. 
Rich,  Jacob  N.,  d.  March  28,  1863. 
Robertson,  Garrett  W.,  d.  March  14,  1SG3. 

I  Shropson,  John,  d.  April  7,  1663. 


Matoy,  V.  S.,  d.  Feb.  6,  1SG3. 
Click,  David,  d.  Feb.  IS,  1SG3. 


Ray,  S.  F.,  d.  March  2, 1363. 
Ray,  William,  d.  June  15, 1862. 
Barnes,  J.  M.,  d.  July  IS,  1S63. 
Britt,  Monroe,  d.  Sept.  8, 1SG3. 
Carson,  T.  M.,  k.  at  Vicksburg, 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  A.  Wash. 

I  Click,  Isaac,  d.  Feb.  6,  1SG3. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  John  M.  Morrow. 

Goode,  William,  k.  at  Vicksburg. 
Goode,  Jacob,  d.  Aug.,  1»04. 
Haynes,  James,  d.  April,  1SG4. 
Russell,  Thomas,  d.  July  18, 1863. 

COMPANY  L. 
Captain,  Harvey  Hamilton. 


SIXTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  J.  G.  Rose,  Morristown,  Tenn. 

This  regiment  was  organized  at  Henderson's  Mills,  in  Green  county,  Tenn.. 
November  10,  1SG2.  It  was  composed  of  ten  full  companies,  as  follows:  Co. 
A,  Capt.  I.  X;  Dodd,  Greene  county;  Co.  B,  Capt.  W,  F.  Sturm,  Hawkins  coun- 
ty; Co.  C,  Capt.  James  C.  Jackson,  Greene  county;  Co.  D,  Capt. Johnson, 

Washington  county;  Co.  E,  Capt.  L.  IT.  Denny,  Sullivan  county;  Co.  F,  Capt. 
Jacob  M»  Alexander,  Jefferson  county;  Co.  G,  Capt.  F.  M.  Jackson,  Grainger 
county;  Co.  H,  Capt.  S.  C.  Mitchell,  Claiborne  county;  Co.  I,  Capt.  W.  X.  V^-v.- 
ley.  Greene  county;  Co.  K,  Capt.  S.  H.  Kc-lton,  Sullivan  county. 

The  field  and  staff  officers  i^t'  the  regiment,  as  first  organized,  were  the  follow- 
ing: Fountain  E.  Pitts,  Colonel;  James  G.  Rose,  Lieutenant-colonel:  James  P. 


574 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Snapp,  Major,;  James  D.  Thomas,  Adjutant;  F.  \Y.  Earnest,  Captain  and  Assist- 
ant Quartermaster;  W.  JI.  Armstrong,  Captain  and  Assistant  Commissary;  James 
Pitts,  Surgeon;  J.  C.  Brumicy,  Assistant  Surgeon;  John  A.  Radet,  P.  L.  Cline, 
Hospital  Stewards;  W.  H.  Crawford,  Chaplain. 

During  the  war  many  elianges  occurred  in  the  officers,  but  from  want  of  reliable 
information  they  cannot  all  be  noted  here.  Col.  Fountain  E.  Pitts,  who  was  ad- 
vanced in  years  and  a  minister  of  the  gospel,  resigned  his  Colonelcy  in  1863;  and 
thereupon  Lieut.-col.  Rose  became  Colonel,  Major  Snapp  became  Lieutenant-col- 
onel, and  Capt  Dodd  became  Major.  Col.  Pitts  was  in  command  of  the  regiment 
from  its  organization  (November  10,  1SG2)  till  May  1;  1863,  when  he  left  it  at 
Vieksburg,  Miss.,  and  was  never  afterward  in  command  of  the  regiment  or  in 
camp  with  it. 

Immediately  after  organization  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
Brig.-geu.  John  C.  Vaughn,  and  ordered  to  the  department  of  Mississippi  and 
East  Louisiana,  and  arrived  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  late  in  November,  1SG2.  The  op- 
erations of  the  regiment  prior  to  Gen.  Sherman's  demonstration  on  Yicksburo- 
were  unimportant,  and  need  not  be  chronicled. 

During  the  latter  part  of  December,  1SG2,  Gen.  Sherman,  with  a  large  force  of 
gun-boats  and  troops  on  board  transports,  was  threatening  Vieksburg.  Gen. 
Vaughn's  brigade,  then  encamped  near  Grenada,  Miss.,  was  ordered  to  Vieksburg. 
Arriving  on  the  Vieksburg  Bluffs  December  24,  1S62.  the  regiment  first  saw  the 
enemy.  His  gun-boats  and  transports  were  a  few  miles  above  the  city.  In  twen- 
ty-four hours  active  operations  began  along  the  line  of  defenses  from  the  Vieks- 
burg Bluffs  to  Haynes  Bluff,  a  distance  of  about  twelve  miles.  The  position  of 
the  Sixty-first  Regiment  was  on  the  extreme  left  of  this  line,  its  left  company 
resting  on  the  Mississippi  Paver  at  the  bluffs  above  the  city.  Its  front  was  cov- 
ered by  a  bayou  and  abatis,  rendering  a  direct  assault  on  that  part  of  the  line  im- 
practicable. The  operations  of  Gen.  Sherman  before  Vieksburg,  with  a  force 
vastly  superior  to  the  Confederates,  continued  some  five  or  six  days,  during  which 
the  Sixty-first  Regiment  was  continuously  under  arms  and  in  position  day  and 
night,  rations  being  cooked  and  issued  to  the  men  in  line  of  battle;  but  as  no  vig- 
orous assault  was  made  on  its  position,  the  casualties  in  the  regiment  were  but 
few. 

After  this  futile  effort  of  Gen.  Sherman  to  capture  Vieksburg,  the  Sixtv-first 
Regiment  remained  at  that  post,  and  constituted  a  part  of  its  garrison  till  its 
capitulation  to  Gen.  Grant,  July  4,  1SG3.  Its  position  in  garrison  was  above  the 
city,  on  the  bluffs  overlooking  the  river,  and  its  daily  duties  consisted  in  picketing 
the  river  and  silently  watching  the  accumulation  of  Grant's  army  on  the  opposite 
side.  While  Gen.  Grant  was  thus  preparing  for  his  Vieksburg  campaign,  the 
Sixty-first  Regiment  literally  slept  on  its  arms  within  a  hundred  yards  of  the 
works  assigned  it  to  defend — each  company  opposite  its  position  in  the  line,  and 
each  soldier  kno-.\  ing  his  exact  position  in  the  works.  Thus  upon  a  given  signal, 
day  or  night,  the  works  held  by  the  regiment  were  instantly  manned. 

But  nothing  important  occurred  to  break  the  dull  monotony  of  garrison  dutv 
until  about  the  last  of  April,  1863,  when  Gen.  Grant  succeeded  in  running  sev- 
eral gun-boats  and  transports  past  the  Vieksburg  batteries.  With  the  aid  of  these 
he  quickly  transferred  his  immense  army  to  the  east  bank  of  the  Mississippi,  be- 
low Vieksburg,  and  the  campaign  then  began  in  earnest.     Thenceforward  all  was 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


activity  and  bustle  in  Vicksburg,  as  it  was  apparent  the  great  struggle  fur  that 
military  post  was  at  hand.  Lieut-gen.  Pemberton,  commanding  the  department, 
decided  to  meet  Gen.  Grant  in  the  open  field,  and  the  battles  of  Grand  Gulf,  Ray- 
mond, Baker's  Creek  (or  Edwards  Depot),  and  Big  Black  followed  in  rapid  suc- 
cession, resulting  in  a  series  of  defeats  for  the  Confederates.  It  is  not  the  purpose 
of  the  writer  to  criticise  Gen.  Pemberton' s  movements  and  disposition  of  troops 
preceding  the  investment  of  Vicksburg  further  than  to  say  that  lie  handled  his 
army  in  detachments  when  it  should  have  been  massed,  and  his  forces  were  thus 
cut  to  pieces  in  detail.  Tins  was  a  misfortune  which  the  Sixty-first  Regiment 
suffered  in  common  with  the  rest  of  that  ill-fated  army.  The  regiment,  though 
out  in  the  field,  was  not  engaged  in  any  of  the  battles  above  named  but  that  of 
Big  Black,  some  ten  miles  east  of  Vicksburg,  on  the  Jackson  road.  This  occurred 
May  17,  1303,  the  day  alter  the  battle  of  Baker's  Creek,  and  resulted  most  disas- 
trously to  the  regiment.     It  deserves  more  than  a  passing  notice. 

In  the  evening  of  May  16,  1803,  while  the  battle  of  Baker's  Creek  was  in  prog- 
ress, Gen.  Vaughn's  brigade  was  placed  in  position  to  protect  the  railroad  bridge 
at  Big  Black  River,  some  six  miles  in  rear  of  the  Confederate  line  of  battle.  The 
battle  went  against  the  Confederates  at  Baker's  Creek,  and  shortly  after  dark  the 
troops  engaged  therein  began  to  cross  the  river  on  their  retreat  toward  Vicksburg. 
The  crossing  continued  through  the  night  and  until  daylight,  when  ail  had  crossed 
except  a  few  stragglers.  The  position  of  Gen.  Vaughn's  brigade  at  once  became 
critical.  Occupying  a  line  of  unfinished  earth-works,  with  Big  Black  River  deep 
and  sluggish  in  its  rear,  the  brigade  was  now  confronted  by  Grant's  army,  flushed 
with  the  preceding  day's  victory,  and  pressing  close  upon  the  retreating  Confed- 
erates. The  peril  of  the  situation  was  realized  by  every  private,  and  orders  for 
the  withdrawal  of  the  brigade  across  the  river  were  momentarily  expected,  because 
it  was  apparent  that  the  position  was  not  only  untenable,  but  the  bridge  we  were 
to  defend  no  longer  of  use  to  us.  On  came  Grant's  victorious  columns,  but  the 
order  for  the  withdrawal  of  the  brigade  came  not.  The  brigade  occupied  earth- 
works in  shape  of  the  letter  V,  with  the  flanks  resting  on  the  river  above  and 
below  the  bridge  and  the  apex  at  the  railroad,  nearly  a  mile  from  the  river.  The 
position  of  the  Sixty-first  Regiment  was  on  the  left  of  the  brigade,  on  a  line  ex- 
tending from  near  the  railroad  to  the  river.  Earth-works  had  been  hastily  thrown 
up  on  part  of  this  line — that  is,  on  each  end  of  it — leaving  a  space  of  about  two 
hundred  yards  near  the  center  without  defensive  works.  This  space  was  probably 
covered  with  water  when  the  earth-works  were  constructed;  but  the  water  had 
evaporated,  and  the  ground  was  then  firm  enough  for  the  movement  of  troops. 

Shortly  after  daylight  on  the  morning  of  May  17,  1863,  the  Federal  sharp- 
shooters appeared  in  our  front.  During  the  morning  large  bodies  of  Federal  troops 
could  be  seen  through  an  opening  in  the  woods,  massing  in  front  of  the  regiment 
for  an  assault  upon  it.  Seventeen  regimental  flags  were  counted  passing  through 
this  opening.  In  the  meantime  a  heavy  line  of  Federal  sharp-shooters  kept  up  a 
Continuous  and  deadly  fusilade  from  the  woods  in  front  of  the  regiment.  In  this 
condition  of  things  it  was  manifest  that  a  charging  column,  such  as  was  momenta- 
rily anticipated.,  could  penetrate  to  the  open  space  in  the  works  occupied  bv  the 
regiment,  and  thus  by  an  enfilading  fire  drive  it  from  its  position.  At  this  crit- 
ical juncture  Adjutant  James  D.  Thomas  voluntarily  undertook  to  go  to  Gen. 
Vaughn's  position  on  the  field  to  inform  him  of  the  anticipated  assault  on  the 


■ 

576  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 



regiment,  and  to  obtain,  if  possible,  reinforcements  to  occupy  the  open  space  in 
the  line.  His  mission  was  unsuccessful  in  procuring  reinforcements,  but  it  was 
none  the  less  gallant,  because  the  enemy's  sharp-shooters  swept  the  whole  field 
with  their  murderous  tire,  and  the  Adjutant  went  and  returned  at  the  imminent 
risk  of  his  life.  Pie  had  scarcely  returned  to  his  position  with  the  tidings  of  his 
unsuccessful  mission  when  the  anticipated  assault  broke  upon  the  regiment  in  all 
its  fury.  The  assaulting  column  proved  to  be  Gen.  Osterhaus's  division  ci*  the 
Federal  army.  It  had  been  massed  under  cover  of  the  timber  and  river-hank.  It 
was  formed  in  rive  lines  of  battle,  covering  the  entire  front  of  the  Sixty-first  Reg- 
iment, and  it  moved  from  its  cover  into  the  open  field  in  our  front  in  magnificent 
array,  with  banners  flying  and  their  burnished  arms  reflecting  back  the  rays  of  the 
morning  sun.  None  but  lie  who  has  witnessed  such  a  scene  under  similar  cir- 
cumstances can  realize  the  extreme  solicitude  of  such  a  moment.  On  came  the 
charging  column  over  a  level  field  of  four  or  five  hundred  yards  in  extent,  alter- 
nately advancing  and  faltering  under  our  galling  fire  of  buckshot  and  ball,  until 
at  last  they  gained  the  open  space  in  our  line,  which  was  wholly  undefended,  and 
their  victory  was  complete.  This  point  gained,  our  -whole  line  was  enfiladed,  and 
at  once  became  untenable.  The  writer  of  this  sketch,  in  command  of  the  rai- 
ment, at  once  ordered  a  retreat,  and  thus  saved  a  portion  of  the  regiment.  This 
assault,  in  all  its  fierceness,  fell  almost  exclusively  on  the  Sixty-first  Regiment. 
and  it  was  well-nigh  annihilated.  Out  of  about  four  hundred  men  who  responded 
for  duty  on  the  morning  of  May  17,  only  one  hundred  and  twelve  were  carried 
back  to  Vicksburg  that  evening.  Nearly  three  hundred  men  of  the  regiment 
were  killed,  wounded,  and  captured.  The  loss  of  the  enemy  is  known  to  have 
been  very  great,  though  the  writer  has  no  authentic  information  as  to  numbers. 
During  the  evening  and  night  the  remnant  of  our  scattered  forces  was  concentrated 
at  Vicksburg,  and  on  the  morning  of  May  18  the  Federal  sharp-shooters  again 
appeared  in  our  front.  By  the  morning  of  the  19th  the  investment  of  the  city 
was  complete.  The  position  of  the  Sixty-first  Regiment  (or  what  was  left  of  it 
during  the  siege  was  on  the  river-blurbs  above  the  city,  supporting  Lynch's  battery. 
Here  for  Forty-eight  days  and  nights,  without  shelter  and  with  less  than  half  ra- 
tions of  poor  quality,  the  men  literally  ate,  slept,  and  fought  in  the  trenches.  It 
would  be  idle  to  attempt  a  description  of  their  privation  and  suffering".  The  mor- 
tality resulting  from  exposure  and  insufficient  food  was  great — in  fact,  much 
greater  than  from  casualties  in  battle.  During  the  first  three  or  four  days  the 
enemy  made  vigorous  assaults  on  our  entire  line,  in  the  vain  attempt  to  carry  the 
works  by  storm,  but  Gen.  Grant  soon  learned  the  futility  of  such  efforts,  and  re- 
sorted to  regular  siege  operations.  It  is  not  our  purpose  to  detail  the  operati<m> 
of  the  regiment  during  the  sie^e.  It  is  sufficient  here  to  state  that  the  remnant 
of  the  regiment  that  escaped  the  disaster  at  Big  Black  went  through  the  forty- 
eight  days  siege,  and  were  at  the  close  paroled  with  the  rest  of  the  garrison.  The 
parole  of  the  writer  is  dated  July  8,  1803,  and  is  signed  by  ''George  C.  McKee, 
Eleventh  Regiment  Illinois  Infantry  Volunteers,  Major  and  parolinir  officer."'* 

Thus  the  entire  Sixty-first  Regiment  became  prisoners  of  war.  It  was  destine! 
never  to  be  reunited  on  the  field  as  it  was  on  the  morning  of  May  17,  1S03. 
That  portion  of  it  captured  and  paroled  at  Vicksburg  was  not  exchanged  until 
June  '27,  1S64.  In  the  spring  of  that  year  many  of  these  paroled  prisoners  were 
assembled  in  parole  camps  at  Jonesboro  awaiting  exchange,  and  on  being  notiiie  i 


Regimental  Histobies  and  Memorial  Kolls. 


01  I 


of  exchange  the  regiment  took  the  held  us  mounted  infantry.  It  was  then  assigned 
to  the  brigade  of  Brig.-gen.  John  C.  Vaughn,  and  numbered  from  one  hundred  to 
one  hundred  and  fifty  officers  and  men.  Much  the  larger  part  of  the  regiment  capt- 
ured at  Big  Black  was  still  confined  in  Northern  prisons.  These  prisoners  were 
not  exchanged  until  the  winter  of  1864r-o,  when  the  Confederacy  was  toppling 
to  its  fall.  After  twenty  months  of  close  confinement,  these  men  returned  to  their 
desolate  and  ruined  homes,  then  in  the  Federal  lines,  and  but  few  of  them  ever 
saw  the  regiment  again.  The  prospects  of  the  Confederacy  were  not  then  suffi- 
ciently hopeful  to  lure  them  from  home  and  family  to  the  privations  and  suffer- 
ings of  camp-life.  It  was  then  manifest  that  the  final  collapse  of  the  Confederacy 
was  only  a  question  of  time.  , 

The  subsequent  operations  of  the  regiment  as  mounted  infantry  were  of  a  char- 
acter corresponding  to  the  cavalry  branch  of  the  service.  In  September,  1364,  it 
took  part  in  the  affair  at  Carter's  Depot  and  at  Greeneviile,  Tenn.,  the  latter  re- 
sulting in  the  death  of  Gen.  John  II.  Morgan.  An  account  of  the  sad  and  tragic 
death  of  that  gallant  officer  will  perhaps  be  acceptable  here.  Gen.  Morgan,  in 
command  of  Vaughn's  and  Duke's  brigades  and  one  light  battery  of  six  guns, 
was  moving  on  the  enemy  at  Bull's  Gap,  commanded  by  Gen.  Gillem.  Gen.  Mor- 
gan encamped  for  the  night  around  Greeneviile.  His  disposition  of  forces,  if  not 
unwise,  was  at  least  unfortunate.  He  took  quarters  at  the  residence  of  Mrs.  Will- 
iams, in  the  town,  surrounded  by  his  personal  staff  only.  The  battery  was  posted 
on  the  knobs  in  the  rear  of  the  town,  while  the  troops  were  cut  up  into  detach- 
ments and  sent  from  one  to  two  miles  out  of  town  on  the  various  roads  leading 
into  the  town.  But  few  if  any  troops  were  sufficiently  near  the  General  to  protect 
him  from  a  bold  and  sudden  dash  of  the  enemy.  The  Sixty-first  Regiment  was 
thrown  forward  as  an  outpost,  and  ordered  to  bivouac  about  four  miles  from  the 
town  on  the  Bull's  Gap  road,  to  send  out  scouts  and  picket  its  front,  and  await  or- 
ders in  the  early  morning.  These  orders  were  literally  executed,  and  at  daylight 
on  the  morning  of  September  4,  18G4,  the  regiment  was  under  arms  and  mounted, 
momentarily  expecting  orders  to  advance.  No  orders  of  any  kind  came,  however, 
a  fact  that  very  much  disconcerted  the  movements  of  the  regiment. 

During  the  night,  which  was  dark  and  stormy,  a  boy  about  fifteen  years  old,  re- 
siding in  the  vicinity,  eluded  our  pickets,  went  to  Bull's  Gap,  and  gave  Gen.  Gil- 
lem information  of  our  position.  A  force  was  at  once  dispatched,  guided  by  par- 
ties who  knew  every  foot  of  the  ground,  to  surprise  and  capture  the  Sixty-first 
Regiment,  occupying  as  it  did  the  most  exposed  and  advanced  position  of  Gen. 
Morgan's  command.  The  plan  of  capture  was  to  send  a  force  around  to  the  rear 
of  the  regiment,  and  to  attack  it  both  in  front  and  rear  at  daylight  in  the  morn- 
ing. This  programme  was  fully  carried  out  as  to  the  attack  in  front,  which  was 
made  about  daylight,  while  the  regiment  was  awaiting  orders,  by  a  force  moving 
up  the  Bull's  Gap  road.  In  a  very  short  time  the  regiment  was  engaged  by  a 
manifestly  superior  force  in  its  front.  Not  receiving  the  expected  orders,  and 
fearing  a  flank  movement  to  cut  him  off,  the  writer,  in  command  of  the  regiment,, 
retired  slowly  in  the  direction  of  Greeneviile,  making  occasional  stands  to  resist 
the  enemy  in  his  front,  and  confidently  expecting  to  find  Gen.  Morgan's  command 
advancing  to  meet  the  enemy. 

The  force  which  was  sent  to  the  rear  of  the  regiment,  and  which  was  to  cut  off- 
its  retreat,  consisted  of  a  regiment  of  Federal  cavalry.     The  Federal  officer  in 


578 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


charge  of  this  force,  learning  through  his  guides  from  an  old  colored  woman  who 
lived  near  Greeneville  that  Gen.  Morgan  and  stair'  were  quartered  at  the  Williams 
mansion  in  the  town,  determined  to  attempt  his  capture.  This  was  not  a  part  of 
the  original  programme,  but  seeing  that  Gen,  Morgan  was  in  his  power,  the  glit- 


orders.  While  this  proved  fatal  to  Gen.  Morgan,  it  probably  saved  the  Sixty- 
first  Ilegiment  from  capture.  Accordingly,  the  Williams  mansion,  containing 
Gen.  Morgan  and  staff,  was  surrounded  by  the  enemy  about  daylight.  On  learn- 
ing this  fact,  Gen.  Morgan  attempted  to  escape  through  the  back  yard;  but  he  was 
shot  and  captured  in  the  lot  in  which  the  mansion  was  situated,  and  died  in  a  few 
minutes  thereafter.  Tims  was  Gen.' Morgan  surrounded,  shot,  and  captured,  in 
the  midst  of  his  troops;  but  they  were  so  posted  that  they  could  not  protect  him. 
His  command  being  cut  up  int.*  detachments,  separated  miles  apart,  and  receiving 
no  orders  from  their  dead  General,  was  the  more  easily  routed  and  dispersed  by 
the  enemy. 

The  Sixty-first  Regiment  being,  as  above  stated,  hard  pressed  in  front,  and  re- 
ceiving no  orders  from  any  source,  continued  to  retire  on  Greeneville,  fighting  as 
it  fell  back,  until  about  9  o'clock  a.m,  when  it  had  reached  a  position  -about  one 
mile  from  the  town.  A  cavalry  line  of  battle  was  drawn  up  in  its  rear  and  across 
its  line  of  retreat.  This  line,  when  first  discovered — about  six  hundred  yards  in 
the  rear — was  supposed  to  be  the  command  of  Gen.  Morgan,  ready  to  receive  the 
enemy.  So  confident  was  the  commanding  officer  in  this  opinion  that  he  at  once 
sent  a  courier  to  Gen.  Morgan  (a-  was  supposed)  for  orders.  Before  proceeding 
very  far  the  courier  discovered  that  it  was  a  Federal  line  of  battle  drawn  up  to 
cut  off'  our  retreat.  On  the  return  of  the  courier  with  this  information — which  at 
first  was  scarcely  credited — the  situation  of  tire  regiment  became  manifestly  crit- 
ical. It  was  between  two  lines  of  battle,  both  composed  of  superior  numbers;  the 
one  pressing  it  in  front,  and  the  other  quietly  waiting  to  receive  it  in  the  rear. 
It  was  clear  that  to  extricate  the  regiment  and  save  it  from  capture  no  time  was 
to  be  lobt.  Hence,  executing  a  rapid  movement  by  the  right  flank,  the  regiment 
moved  out  northwardly  from  between  the  two  Federal  lines,  through  woods  and 
fields,  and  making  a  wide  detour  around  Greeneville,  reached  Kheatown  about  2 
o'clock  p.m.;  and  there  the  writer  first  learned  of  the  death  and  capture  of  Gen. 
Morgan.  The  regiment  did  not  lose  many  in  killed  and  wounded  in  this  affair — 
names  and  number  not  remembered. 

The  above  facts  concerning  the  capture  and  death  of  Gen.  Morgan,  and  the  inci- 
dents and  circumstances  connected  with  it,  the  writer  knows  to  be  true  so  far  as  they 
transpired  under  his  observation;  in  other  particulars  he  believes  them  to  be  true 
upon  the  most  satisfactory  evidence.  The  highly  sensational  story  published  then, 
and  often  republished  since,  that  a  female  member  of  Mrs.  Williams's  household 
(her  daughter-in-law)  rode  through  that  dark  and  tempestuous  night  from  Greene- 
ville to  Bull's  Gap,  a  distance  of  nineteen  miles,  and  gave  Gen.  Gillem  information 
of  the  situation  at  Greeneville,  is  a  canard,  as  the  writer  knows  from  iudubitable 
evidence. 

The  subsequent  operations  of  the  regiment  until  Oct,  28,  18(34,  were  unimpor- 
tant. Late  in  October.  1864,  the  regiment,  as  a  part,  of  Gen.  Vaughn's  brigade, 
was  posted  at  Morristown,  Tenn.  On  Oct.  27th  the  regiment  was  ordered  forward 
some  four  miles,  to  Panther  Springs,  to  do  picket  duty,  and  met  the  Federal  ad- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


579 


vanee  that  evening,  and  a  sharp  skirmish  ensued.  On  the  night  of  the  27th  the 
regiment  was  deployed  as  skirmishers  so  as  to  cover  the  front  of  Gen.  Vaughn's 
brigade,  which  was  encamped  at  Morristown,  and  the  regiment  some  two  miles 
West  of  that  point.  The  night  was  dark  and  stormy.  The  men,  drenched  with 
rain  and  chilled  with  cold,  stood  all  night  in  their  places,  under  arms,  holding 
their  horses  by  the  bridle.  The  Federal  line  at  night-fall  was  about  two  hundred 
yards  in  front,  and  a  renewal  of  hostilities  in  the  morning  was  expected.  Day- 
light came,  and  with  it  an  abatement  of  the  storm.  The  Federals  advanced  on 
our  lines  in  the  early  dawn.  At  this  juncture  orders  were  received  from  Gen, 
Vaughn  to  retire  the  regiment  on  the  main  line  at  Morristown,  but  if  possible 
to  develop  the  strength  of  the  enemy.  Accordingly,  the  regiment  was  slowly 
withdrawn,  making  sueh  resistance  to  the  enemy's  advance  as  to  compel  him  to 
exhibit  his  forces.  As  the  enemy  deployed  his  regiments  in  the  open  fields,  it 
soon  became  manifest-  that  it  was  an  advance  in  considerable  force,  and  that  a 
charge  was  impending.  These  facts  being  communieated  to  Gen.  Vaughn,  he  at 
once-ordered  the  regiment  into  line  of  battle  at  Morristown,  where  he  was  funn- 
ing to  receive  the  enemy.  About  10  o'clock  A.M.  the  Federal  forces — all  cavalry 
— were  advancing  at  a  rapid  pace  in  three  strong  columns  of  attack,  one  in  the 
center  and  one  on  each  flank.  The  regiment  was  now  moving  rapidly  in  front  of 
these  advancing  columns  to  its  position  in  the  center  of  Gen.  Vaughn's  line  of 
battle,  which  was  formed  just  east  of  Morristown.  By  the  time  the  regiment  had 
reached  its  position  and  formed  in  line  the  enemy  was  upon  us.  The  attack  was 
made,  not  in  line,  but  in  columns,  giving  him  the  advantage  of  a  concentration 
of  forces  at  particular  points  of  Gen.  Vaughn's  line,  which  was  soon  broken  on 
the  extreme  left.  The  left  of  the  line  being  thus  broken  and  turned,  the  enemy's 
column  penetrated  to  its  rear  on  that  part  of  the  held.  Then  the  whole  line, 
broken  and  flanked  on  the  left,  and  pressed  by  the  other  two  attacking  columns 
in  front,  gave  way  successively  from  left  to  right.  In  a  short  time  our  broken  and 
retiring  line  degenerated  into  a  rout,  the  Federals  pursuing  to  near  Russellville, 
where  Gen.  Vaughn  made  a  stand  and  arrested  the  advance.  Before  reaching 
that  point,  however,  the  writer  of  this  sketch  was  captured  by  the  enemy.  He 
was  carried  to  Johnson's  Island,  in  Lake  Erie,  and  there  detained  as  a  prisoner 
of  war  until  after  its  close  in  the  spring  of  1865.  Consequently,  he  cannot  state 
from  personal  knowledge  the  subsequent  operations  of  the  regiment.  What  fol- 
lows has  been  contributed  by  James  D.  Thomas,  late  Adjutant  of  the  regiment, 
who  was  an  eye-witness  of  all  he  relates.     His  statement  is  as  follows: 

<*  The  rout  of  our  forces  on  October  28, 1864,  terminated  at  Kussellville.  The  ad- 
vance of  the  enemy  reached  Cheek's  Cross-roads,  about  one  mile  west  of  that  place. 
Here  Gen.  Vaughn  rallied  a  few  of  our  men  and  drove  back  that  advance.  I  col- 
lected the  men  of  the  Sixty-tirst  as  well  as  I  could.  By  direction  of  Gen.  Vaughn, 
I  took  the  regiment  across  to  the  Dandridge  road,  to  hold  in  check  any  of  the 
enemy  who  might  attempt  to  cut  us  off'  from  that  direction.  After  our  force  had 
passed  beyond  the  junction  of  the  two  roads,  I  came  up  in  the  rear.  We  camped 
that  night  near  Bull's  Gap.  On  the  30th  we  were  at  Bheatown,  Greene  county. 
We  beat  up  into  Washington  and  Carter  counties  for  convenience  of  forage  till 
November  10th.  Gen.  Breckinridge  having  taken  command,  we  then  made  an 
advance,  and  on  the  10th  drove  the  enemy  out  of  Greeneville.  WTe  encountered 
him  again  at  Blue  Spring  on  the  1 1th,  and  after  a  lively  skirmish  drove  him  back. 


;so 


Mi  lit  ah  y  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Another  stand  was  made  at  Lick  Creek,  with  similar  result.  The  enemy  then 
fell  back  to  his  fortifications  at  Ball's  Gap,  and  we  encamped  before  them.  At  11 
o'clock  that  night  our  brigade  was  ordered  to  cross  Bay's  Mountain  six  miles 
south-west  of  Bull's  Gap,  and  make  a  demonstration  in  rear  of  the  enemy.  We 
appeared  at  daylight  on  his  rear,  and  drove  in  his  pickets.  We  captured  a  train 
of  cars  and  sixty  prisoners.  At  the  same  time  Gen.  Breckinridge  made  a  cautious 
attack  to  feel  of  the  enemy's  works  on  the  east.  After  a  sharp  contest  for  two 
hotirSj  the  first  line  of  works  was  taken:  but  it  was  not  thought  prudent  to  press 
the  attack  further.  We  reached  our  camp  on  the  east  side  of  the  mountains 
about  10  o'clock  at  night. 

"  On  the  night  of  the  12th  Gen.  Breckinridge,  with  his  entire  force,  passed  through 
Taylors  Gap  near  the  right  flank  of  the  enemy,  to  gain  his  rear,  or  strike  him  on 
his  retreat,  a  retreat  being  suspected  because  of  the  unusual  number  of  tires  kindled 
by  the  enemy  in  our  sight  to  deceive  us.  When  we  were  in  a  mile  of  the  Knox- 
ville  road,  I  was  sent  with  a  squad  of  men  to  learn  whether  the  enemy  were  on 
the  retreat.  I  went  to  the  house  of  Mr.  Rangle,  whom  I  knew,  and  learned  that 
the  whole  force,  bag  and  baggage,  had  just  passed.  Reporting  the  fact  as  quickly 
as  possible,  an  advance  was  ordered  at  once.  Our  regiment  and  Bradford's  were 
directed  to  strike  the  line  just  east  of  Ilussellville,  another  body  to  strike  just  west 
of  that  place,  and  a  third  at  Cheek's  Cross-roads.  When  we  reached  our  point  of 
attack  the  rear  of-  the  enemy  was  just  passing,  and  we  charged  with  a  shout. 
The  other  two  bodies  charged  very  soon,  and  there  was  an  immediate  rout.  From 
that  place  to  Mossy  Creek  there  was  the  most  exciting  chase  I  ever  saw.  Now 
and  then  a  squad  of  the  enemy  would  attempt  a  stand,  and  a  strong  effort  to  rally 
was  made  just  west  of  Morristown.  But  our  men  were  full  of  enthusiasm.  Those 
engaged  in  the  pursuit  were  the  same  men  who,  on  October  28,  had  been  chased 
over  the  same  ground  by  the  same  forces  of  Gen.  Gillem  when  our  Colonel  and 
our  artillery  were  captured.  Men  never  achieved  with  more  alacrity  or  enjoyed 
more  fully  a  victory.  We  captured  five  hundred  prisoners,  two  hundred  wagons 
with  stores,  all  the  artillery,  a  part  of  it  being  the  same  we  had  lost. 

"  Following  up  the  enemy,  we  found  him  on  the  16th  in  his  fortifications  at  Straw- 
berry Plains.  Our  brigade  that  night  crossed  the  Holston  at  a  wide  and  deep 
ford  six  miles  above  the  plains,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  17th  appeared  before 
the  works  of  the  enemy.  On  the  18th  a  cavalry  force  came  up  from  the  direction 
of  Knoxville.  Our  brigade  engaged  them,  and  after  a  short  conflict  drove  them 
back.  That  night  we  recrossed  the  Holston,  and  the  next  day  our  regiment  was 
stationed  on  College  Hill,  within  musket-range  of  the  enemy's  works.  Our  horses 
were  sent  to  the  rear,  and  we  were  ordered  to  hold  that  hill  while  demonstrations- 
were  made  at  other  points.  There  was  only  a  small  space  behind  the  summit  of 
the  hill  where  we  could  be  protected  from  the  fire  from  the  fort.  One  of  our  men. 
Theophilus  Rankin,  a  noble  boy  from  Dodd's  company,  was  killed  here.  It 
rained  heavily.  The  entire  space  we  could  occupy  was  covered  with  mud,  and 
there  was  not  a  rock,  stump,  or  chip  even,  to  sit  upon.  Here  we  stood  for  two 
days  and  nights.  Major  Snapp  sent  to  Gen.  Vaughn,  asking  to  be  relieved,  but 
without  success.  He  then  sent  me  to  Oren.  Breckinridge  to  inform  him  of  onr 
situation.  I  had  no  difficulty  in  procuring  from  him  the  desired  order.  We  then 
fell  back,  and  on  November  24th  encamped  at  New  Market,  but  soon  moved  up 
to  Mossy  Creek,  where  we  remained  till  about  the  15th  of  December.     I  cannot 


Begimental  Histobies  and  Memobial  Rolls. 


581 


give  the  precise  date  of  our  next  movement;   but  when  Stoneman  and  Burbridge 

made  their  raid  on  the  salt-works  we  moved  hastily  up  to  Johnson's  Depot,  in 
Carter  county.  There,  finding  the  enemy  greatly  outnumbered  us,  our  entire 
wagon-train  was  ordered  into  North  Carolina  by  way  of  Elizabethton,  and  the 
Sixty-first  Regiment  was  ordered  to  escort  it.  We  traveled  night  and  day  for 
three  days  up  the  narrow  defiles,  along  the  banks  of  Watauga  River,  through  a 
Union  population.  We  were  greatly  annoyed  by  bush-men  firing  on  us  from  the 
cliffs  and  covers  across  the  river.  Two  of  our  men  were  killed  and  several 
wounded.  The  road  was  merely  wide  enough  for  a  wagon.  When  a  team  failed 
or  a  wagon  broke,  the  whole  train  was  stopped.  The  smithy  on  wheels  ran  too 
near  the  embankment,  and  fell  over,  a  distance  of  one  hundred  feet,  into  the  river, 
taking  the  team  with  it.  In  the  meantime  it  rained,  and  the  nights  were  as  dark 
as  I  ever  witnessed.  Still  we  had  orders  not  to  stop  on  any  account.  I  have  seen 
very  few  more  disagreeable  times  than  that  of  our  struggle  up  the  Watauga 
Eiver  with  that  wagon-train.  When  we  readied  the  point  where  the  Taylorsville 
road  strikes  the  mountain,  we  rested  a  day  and  night;  and  it  was  a  most  welcome 
rest.  We  then  moved  on  across  the  Iron  Mountain  to  Lenoir,  where  we  found 
friends,  and  where  we  enjoyed  a  welcome  that  almost  paid  us  lor  the  troubles  of 
the  way.  On  Christmas-day  we  were  in  Wilkesboro,  where  we  were  cordially  re- 
ceived and  entertained;  and  here  we  received  orders  to  recross  the  mountains  with 
our  train,  the  raiders  having  fallen  back.  We  moved  down  the  Yadkin  Eiver, 
and  pressed  on  across  the  mountain  through  Grayson  county,  Virginia,  and  by 
the  Blue  Spring  road  to  Bristol,  and  then  to  Blountsville.  From  that  point  I 
wrote  my  last  war  letter,  January  11th,  1865,  which  never  reached  its  destination. 
Most  of  our  men  were  near  their  homes,  and  we  were  ail  furloughed  for  a  week, 
that  we  might  recuperate  a  little. 

"At  the  end  of  our  furlough  we  were  again  assembled  in  camp  near  Bristol,  where 
we  remained  with  the  brigade  three  weeks.  We  then  moved  to  New  Eiver,  and 
thence  to  the  vicinity  of  Christiansburg,  where  we  were  advised  of  Gen.  Lee's 
surrender.  "We  then  crossed  the  mountains  into  North  Carolina,  by  way  of  Hill<- 
ville,  to  join  Gen.  Johnston.  We  reached  a  wing  of  his  army  near  Raleigh,  and 
were  ordered  thence  to  Charlotte,  where  we  met  the  President  of  the  Confederacy. 
Upon  Johnston's  surrender  the  regiment  was  disbanded." 

The  foregoing  statement,  including  that  of  Adjutant  Thomas,  is  the  most  accu- 
rate sketch  of  the  operations  of  the  Sixty-first  Tennessee  Regiment  from  its" or- 
ganization to  its  disbandment  that  can  be  made.  The  writer  had  to  rely  mainly 
on  the  memory  for  both  dates  and  events,  but  so  far  as  these  are  stated  they  may 
be  relied  on  as  accurate.  The  writer,  having  no  reliable  data  as  to  the  names  and 
number  of  the  killed  and  wounded  in  battle,  or  of  the  far  greater  number  who 
died  from  sickness,  has  not  attempted  to  state  them,  being  conscious  that  any  such 
roll  made  out  from  memory  alone  without  the  assistance  of  company  officers  would 
be  incomplete.  He  prefers,  therefore,  to  omit  it  altogether,  with  the  simple  state- 
ment that  when  he  last  saw  the  regiment,  October  28,  1864,  it  was  a  mere  skeleton 
of  a  regiment,  numbering  not  over  one  hundred  men. 


582 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Webster,  Daniel,  d. 

Humphries,  John  E.,  d.  March  22, 1863, 

Byerly,  J.  \V..  d.  Dec.  27,  L863, 

Kelsey,  J.  A.,  d.  July  2,  1862. 

Bonham,  R.  B..  d.  Sept.  15,  1863. 

Bar  ham,  James,  d.  July  5,  18C3. 


Official. ,]  SrxTY-FiRST  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  F.  E.  Pitts;  Lieiuenant-eolonel,  J.  G.  Rose;  Major,  James  P.  Snapp;  Adjutant, 
James  D.Thomas;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  Horace  W.  King;  Assistant  Commissary,  Will- 
iam S.  Armstrong ;  Surgeon,  James  B.  Pitts;  Chaplain,  William  H.  Crawford. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  Nathan  Dodd. 

|  Campbell,  Archie,  d.  June  28,  1863. 
|  McNeese,F.  M.,  d.  July  14,  1863. 
|  Mullens,  J.  H.,  d.  Aug.  1,  1863. 
McGee,  David,  d.  July  23,  1863. 
}  Rowle,  D.  J.,  d.  July  19,  1SC3. 
'  Tullock,  David,  d.  April  15,  186:3. 
COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Wm.  F.  Sturm. 
Pressley,  James  M.,  d.  April  28, 1863. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  W.  J.  Johnston. 

Scott,  Elijah,  d.  March  22,  1863. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain.  J.  C.  Gallagher. 

I  Miller,  George,  k.  at  Vieksburg. 

Painter,  Joel,  k.  at  Vick.-bnrg.; 

|  White,  James,  d.  May  10,  1863. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  L.  H.  Denny. 

|  Pugh,  S.  T..  d.  Aug.,  1863. 
j  Phillips,  Bcdj.,  d.  May  20,  1865. 
;  Shipley,  Nathan,  d.  May  IT,  1863. 
j  Miller,  Nathaniel,  d.  July  17. 1863. 
i  Almarand,  Georgp,  d.  April  8,  1863. 
Hoge,  J.  W..  d.  April  2,  1863. 


Smith,  Marion,  d.  March  2,  1863. 
Burgner,  S.  B.,  d.  Sept.  1,  1863. 
Baless,  J.  S.,  k.  at  Vieksburg. 


Bevms,  P.  M„  d.  Sept.  IS,  1863. 
Barr,  Joshua,  d.  Sept.  IS,  1863. 
Cramp,  Wm..  k.  at  Big  Black. 
McCrary.  Joseph,  k.  at  Big  Black, 
Miller,  William,  k.  at  Bi?  Black. 
Pannel,  G.  W.,  d.  July  16,  1863. 
Pannel,  Samuel,  d.  Sept.  20.1863. 


Hamilton,  Alex.,  d.  Dee.  21,  186: 


Helton,  G.  W..  d.  Feb.  24. 1863. 
Livingston,  A.,  d.  Aug.  6,  1863. 
Archibald,  Allen,  k.  at  Vieksburg. 
Daniel,  J.  W.,  d.  Aug.,  ISO.;. 


Johnson.  Joe!,  k.  at  Vick-bur; 


Bible,  Jacob,  d.  March  31.  1862. 


Linwood,  D.  C,  d.  July  2.  1864. 
Raystoo,  F.,  d.  July  9,  1863. 
Willett,  J.  "W.d.Jnly  1.  186.;. 


Vaughn,  Jame3.  d.  March  31, 1863. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  J.  M.  Alexander. 

I  Helm.  G.  T.,  d.  Jan.  2, 186-3. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  F.  M.  Jackson. 

|  Davis.  Lewi?,  d.  some  time  in  186;!. 
Hetron,  G.  W.,  d.  in  spring  of  1863 
j  Livingston.  J.  W.,  d.  Sept.,  1863. 
!  Spoon,  James,  date  of  death  unknown. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  S.  E.  Mitchell. 

i  Dunsmore,  F.  H..  k.  at  Yick-bure. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  N.  Bewley. 

I  Knight.  J.  W..  d.  March  26,  1862. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  Samuel  H.  Keltrtn, 

j  Willett,  N.  R..  d.  July  5,  1863. 

j  Nichols,  William,  d.  Apr;!  92,1863. 


Hegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


;s3 


SIXTY-SECOND  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


Official."]  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  John  A.  Rowan;  Lieutenanc-colonel,  William  Parker;  Major,  Simeon  D.  Reynolds; 
Quartermaster,  Henry  Donahoo;  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  J.  Crockett  Rowan;  Ad- 
jutant, Pearson  B.  May  field;  Assistant  Surgeon,  John  Abernathy;  Chaplain,  Geo.  \V.  Ren  fro. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Nathaniel  Atkinson. 


Densen.  A.  J.,  d.  March  10,  1863. 
Black,  Joseph,  d.  April  7.  1863. 
Coyle,  William,  d.  some  time  in  1863. 
Dunivan.  Jesse,  d.  some  time  in  1863. 


Hays,  Newton,  d.  June,  1863. 
Greenberry,  Lewis,  d.  Aug.,  1863. 
Newman,  J.  L.,  d.  Jane,  1S63. 
Standifer,  J.  S.,  d.  some  time  in  1863. 


Jackson,  Elihu,  d.  M:..eh  12.  1863. 
Jenkins,  Collins,  d.  Feb.  13, 1SG3. 
Beaver,  Andrews,  d.  Feb.  21, 1863. 


Kitterill,  John,  d.  at  Yicksbure. 


Grubb,  Newton,  d.  Jan.  28,  1.863. 
I.owens,  W.  H.,  d.  Feb.  9.  1863. 
Ingram,  Isaac,  d.  April  8,  1863. 
Martin,  William,  d.  March  3,  In 


Willis,  J.  W.,  d.  Jan.  13,  1863. 
Armstrong,  Alex.,  d.  Feb.  27. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain.  B.  L.  Bible. 

i  Malonc,  J.  H.,  d.  Feb.  25,  1863. 
J  Youngblood,  J.  S.,  k.  in  battle. 
I  Browne,  John,  k.  in  battle. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  W.  A.  Mayo. 

I  Remage,  William,  d.  May,  1863. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  R.  C.  Rowan. 

Smith,  Robert,  d.  March  28,  1863. 
Drake,  Willis,  d.  Feb.,  1864. 
Johnson,  Nicholas,  d.  Dec.,  1863. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  F.  Lowery. 

j  Baker,  George,  d.  March  20,  1863. 
|  Taylor,  William,  d.  April  10,  1863. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  J.  G.  Blair. 
Crye,  Jonathan,  d.  April  9,  1863. 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  W.  W.  Grubb. 


Datson,  John,  d. 

Yv  ilson,  James,  d.  July  20,  1S63 

Dafce,  G.  W.,  d. 

Cisler,  Robert,  d. 


J  Canpghran,  Isaac,  d.  July  2,  1863. 


j  Dodson,  John,  d. 

'  Dodson,  Abraham,  d. 

|  Harrison,  William,  k.  Dec.  29,  1862. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Sfcimuel  Henley. 
Allen,  Alexander,  d.  Feb.  3.  1863.  j  Lindsey,  Harry,  k.  March  28,  1S63. 

Malone,  Thomas,  k.  March  28.  1863.  |  Stafford,  Joseph,  k.  March  28.  1863, 

Lindsey,  A.  B.,  k.  March  28,  1863.  I  Taylor,  Joseph,  d.  Feb.  23.  1863. 

COMPANY  I. 
fc  Captain,  William  R.  Smith. 

Burgess,  Coleman,  d.  Jan.  6, 1863.  \  Malone.  Samuel,  d.  Mr.rch  4,  1863. 

Noma,  Samuel,  d.  Feb.  4.  1863.  |  Hill.  Eli,  d.  April  11,  1863. 

Smithpethpeter,  James,  d.  Jan.  20,  1863.  j  Taylor,  James,  d.  April  10,  1863. 

Mathes,  Aden.  d.  Jan.  13,  1863. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  Joshua   Holromb. 


584  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


SIXTY-THIRD  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  A.  Fulkerson.  Goodsox,  Va. 


In  giving  a  history  of  this  regiment,  which  was  from  East  Tennessee,  it  may 
be  proper  to  state  a  lew  facts  about  that  section.  The  region  denominated  "East 
Tennessee"  is  peculiar  in  its  location,  climate,  population,  and  products.  It  is  a 
mountainous  country.  Its  people  are  rugged,  strong,  and  independent.  Slavery 
never  was  popular  here,  and  only  existed  in  a  mild,  patriarchal  form.  It  is  said 
that  the  first  anti-slavery  society  in  the  world  was  formed  in  East  Tennessee. 
But,  though  lovers  of  freedom,  these  people  were  never  fanatics.  Hence,  when 
the  war  about  slavery  arose,  they  wanted  no  war;  they  protested  and  cried  out 
against  it.  They  were  opposed  to  coercion,  but  Lincoln  called  out  seventy-five 
thousand  men  to  put  down  the  rebellion.  They  were  opposed  to  separation  or  se- 
cession, but  the  other  parts  of  the  State  voted  them  out  of  the  Union.  They 
would  remain  quietly  at  home  and  take  no  part  in  the  struggle;  but  this  was  de- 
nied them — both  sides  taunted  and  threatened  them.  The  lines  must  be  drawn; 
erery  man  was  forced  to  define  his  position.  Hard  words  and  names  were  invent- 
ed: "Abolitionist,"  "  Lincolnite,"  "Secesh,"  "Fire-eater."  Suspicious  hatreds 
arose,  and  this  among  neighbors;  yea,  brothers  were  arrayed  against  each  other 
in  deadly  strife.  It  is  evident  that,  in  this  section,  and  among  these  East  Tennes- 
see people,  divided  and  differing  as  to  what  course  to  pursue,  part  of  its  citizens 
favoring  one  side  and  part  the  other — and  this  among  neighbors  and  friends,  and 
often  in  the  same  household — out  of  respect  for  the  judgment  and  sentiments  of 
others,  many  times  it  required  a  heroic  effort  to  do  what  was  believed  to  be  right; 
and  hence  it  cost  something  to  be  a  soldier.  On  this  account  the  East  Tennessee 
soldiers  are  entitled  to  much  more  credit  than  those  living  where  the  sentiment 
was  undivided  might  think.  The  demons  of  war  took  possession  of  innocent  and 
quiet  homes,  and  reveled  there  until  long  after  peace  had  been  restored  elsewhere. 
And  yet,  while  there  is  much  to  deplore  in  the  animosities  engendered  and  the 
excesses  perpetrated  in  this  fratricidal  war,  we  leave  reason  to  be  proud  of  the 
courage  and  manhood  exhibited  by  the  citizen  soldiers  who  went  forth  and  con- 
fronted death  at  each  others  hands  for  what  they  conceived  to  be  the  right.  The 
descendants  of  the  men  who  turned  the  tide  of  war  at  King's  Mountain,  New  Or- 
leans, and  Buena  Vista,  should  not  be  enemies  of  each  other.  Let  us  "'beat  our 
swords  into  plowshares,  and  our  spears  into  pruning-hooks,  and  learn  war  no 
more;"  or,  if  we  must  fight,  let  it  be  with  a  common  foe,  shoulder  to  shoulder,  in 
all  time  to  come. 

The  ten  companies  composing  the  Sixty-third  Tennessee  Regiment  Volunteer 
Infantry  in  the  late  war  between  the  States  were  composed  of  East  Tennesseans 
exclusively.  These  companies  were  organized  in  the  spring  and  summer  of  1S62, 
except  Company  E  (Capt.  C.  R.  Millard's),  which  was  organized  in  Sullivan  county 
in  the  early  part  of  1861,  and  formed  a  part  of  Col.  John  C.  Vaughn's  Third 
Tennessee  Regiment,  which  participated  in  the  first  battle  of  Manassas  and  the 
burning  of  the  bridge  at  New  Creek,  Va.,  where  they  captured  a  flag  and  piece  of 
artillery,  and  afterward  in  the  fight  at  Brimstone,  Term.,  had  two  men  killed — 
Henry  Haley  and  Samuel  Jones.  Capt.  G.  R.  Millard  and  privates  David  Ma- 
lone,  Owen  Briseol,  and  others,  were  wounded.      Lieut.  William  E.  Meredith,  a 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        585 

splendid  officer,  and  First  Lieutenant  of  this  company,  died  in  camps  at  Center- 
ville  on  the  21st  of  October,  1861,  just  three  months  from  the  memorable  battle 
of  Manassas.  This  company  was  afterward  detached,  and  became  a  part  of  the 
Sixty-third  at  its  organization.     The  following  were  the  company  officers: 

Co.  A:  Wm.  H.  Fulkerson,  Captain,  Claiborne  county;  Heniy  Fugate,  First 
Lieutenant,  Claiborne  county;  Isaac  Parkey,  Second  Lieutenant,  Hancock  county; 
H.  J.  linker,  Third  Lieutenant,  Hancock  county. 

Co.  B:  Wm.  Lyon,  Captain,  Roane  county;  Samuel  Saffell,  First  Lieutenant, 
Roane  county;  A.  M.  Hardin,  Second  Lieutenant,  Roane  county;  J.  H.  McClure, 
Third  Lieutenant,  Roane  county. 

Co.  C:  Richard  F.  Powell,  Captain,  Hawkins  county;  George  H.  Neill,  First 
Lieutenant,  Hawkins  county;  L.  L.  Etter,  Second  Lieutenant,  Hawkins  county; 
Thomas  W.  Powell,  Third  Lieutenant,  Hawkins  county. 

Co.  D:  A.  A.  Blair,  Captain,  Washington  county;  J.  R.  McCallum,  First  Lieu- 
tenant, Washington  county;  James  W.  Carter,  Second  Lieutenant,  Washington 
county;  J.  L.  Wilson,  Third  Lieutenant,  Washington  county. 

Co.  E:  C.  R.  Millard,  Captain,  Sullivan  county;  James  J.  Acree,  First  Lieu- 
tenant, Sullivan  county;  A.  H.  Bullock,  Second  Lieutenant,  Sullivan  county;  J. 
G.  S.  Arrants,  Third  Lieutenant,  Sullivan  county. 

Co.  F:  A.  M.  Millard,  Captain,  Sullivan  county:  W.  P.  Rhea,  First  Lieuten- 
ant, Sullivan  county;  G.  W.  Yosh,  Second  Lieutenant,  Sullivan  county;  S.  M, 
Jones,  Third  Lieutenant,  Sullivan  county. 

Co.  G:  F.  A.  Dyer,  Captain;  William  H.  Wilkinson,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  T. 
Layue,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  A.  Jackson,  Third  Lieutenant. 

Co.  H:  B.  F.  Brittain,  Captain;  R.  A.  Rutledge,  First  Lieutenant;  C.  L.  Hutch- 
eson,  Second  Lieutenant;  G.  M.  Routli,  Third  Lieutenant. 

Co.  I:  James  T.  Gillespie,  Captain,'  Washington  county;  J.  G.  Haynes,  First. 
Lieutenant,  Washington  county;  John  A.  Gammon,  Second  Lieutenant,  Wash- 
ington county;  Samuel  A.  Wiilet,  Third  Lieutenant,  Washington  county. 

Co.  K:  J.  W.  Robinson,  Captain;  D.  K.  Byers,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  P.  Jack- 
son, Second  Lieutenant,  Washington  county;  Wm.  T.  Battles,  Third  Lieutenant, 
Washington  county. 

As  these  companies  were  formed  they  were  stationed  at  different  points  on  the 
line  of  the  East  Tennessee  and  Virginia  and  East  Tennessee  and  Georgia  rail- 
road, to  protect  this  great  line  of  communication,  which  was  constantly  threat- 
ened, as  well  by  raids  from  the  Union  army  as  from  the  hostile  population  at 
home. 

On  the  30th  of  July,  1862,  without  assembling  for  the  purpose,  the  regiment 
vr as  organized,  the  companies  voting  for  the  field  officers  at  their  respective  sta- 
tions along  the  line  of  railroad.     The  following  field  officers  were  elected: 

R.  G.  Fain,  Colonel,  Hawkins  county;  Abraham  Fulkerson,  Lieutenant-colonel, 
Hawkins  county;  John  Alfred  Aiken,  Major,  Washington  county.  Staff  officers: 
U.  L.  York,  Adjutant,  McMinn  county;  J.  F.  Ford,  Assistant  Quartermaster, 
Hawkins  county;  Hiram  Fain,  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  Hawkins  coun- 
ty; James  S.  McDonough,  Surgeon,  Loudon  county;  Wis.  F.  Edmunds,  Assistant 
Surgeon,  Hawkins  county;  Jos.  Flora,  Chaplain;  N.  D.  Bachman,  Sergeant-major. 

Col.  R.  G.  Fain  was  a  graduate  of  ^"est  Point  and  an  accomplished  officer,  but 
by  reason,  of  age  and  declining  health  he  was  incapacitated  for  active  service  in 


586  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee 


the  held,  and  was  with  the  regiment  but  very  little;  consequently  the  drill,  lisci- 
pline,  and  command  of  the  regiment  devolved  almost  entirely  upon  Lieut.-eol.  Ful- 
kerson,  a  graduate  of  the  Virginia  Military  Institute,  a  Virginian  by  birth,  but  a 
resident  of  Tennessee  from  childhood  to  the  age  of  seventeen,  and  a  citizen  of  the 
State  at  the  beginning  of  the  war.  He  was  Major  of  the  Nineteenth  Tennessee, 
and  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 

After  its  organization  the  regiment  was  first  assembled  at  Loudon,  Tenn.,  and 
was  there  prepared  for  active  service  in  the  field.  It  was  stationed  at  Bridgeport, 
Ala.,  to  guard  the  approach  to  East  Tennessee  from  the  direction  of  Nashville 
(which  was  then  in  possession  of  the  Union  forces),  to  assist  in  the  reconstruction 
of  the  railroad  bridge  across  the  Tennessee  River,  and  to  procure  and  forward  sup. 
plies  from  Middle  Tennessee. 

In  the  winter  of  1So2  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Cumberland  Gap  to  guard 
against  the  invasion  of  East  Tennessee  from  Kentucky  through  that  important, 
pass  in  the  Cumberland  Mountains.  Shortly  after  arriving  at  the  Gap,  Gen.  A. 
Gracie,  with  the  Forty-third  Alabama  Regiment  and  Hilliard's  Legion  of  Ala- 
bamians,  was  ordered  to  that  point,  when  the  Sixty-third  Regiment  and  these 
two  commands  were  formed  into  a  brigade  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Gracie. 
This  brigade,  O'Conners  battery,  and  a  small  force  of  cavalry  held  the  Gap  until 
|.  the  summer  of  18t>3. 

A  regimental  report  made  at  the  Gap  January  2d,  18')3,  shows  the  total  of  en- 
listed men  of  the  Sixty-third  to  have  been  eight  hundred  and  forty-three. 

Opportunity  tor  drill,  discipline,  outpost  duty,  etc.,  had  not  been  neglected  by 
Lieut.-col.  Fulkerson  and  the  capable  and  efficient  officers  of  the  regiment,  and  by 
the  summer  of  1S63  it  was  in  point  of  number  and  discipline  one  of  the  best  reg- 
iments in  the  western  division  of  the  Confederate  army.  In  the  latter  part  of 
Tune,  1S63,  Grade's  brigade  was  ordered  to  Big  Creek  Gap  and  Clinton,  Knoxville 
being  threatened  by  a  raiding  party  from  Kentucky.  The  command  was  then  or- 
dered to  Knoxville. 

On  the  27th  of  June  the  brigade,  then  a  part  of  Gen.  Buckner's  division,  was 
ordered  to  proceed  to  Tullahoma  by  rail  to  reenforce  Gen.  Bragg^s  army,  which 
was  then  hard  pressed  and  being  forced  back  by  a  superior  force  of  the  Union 
army  under  Gen.  Rosecrans.  Up  to  this  time  the  Sixty-third  had  not  engaged  in 
any  regular  battle,  and  officers  and  men  were  disappointed  on  reaching  Gen. 
Bragg's  line  to  find  his  army  preparing  for  retreat  instead  of  battle;  bat  so  it  was. 
His  army  fell  back  across  the  Cumberland  Mountains  to  Bridgeport  and  Chatta- 
nooga; but  Buckner's  command,  including  Grade's  brigade,  was  given  the  post  of 
honor,  which  in  this  case  was  the  rear  of  the  army.  Gallantly  holding  Rosecrans' s- 
advancing  columns  in  cheek,  Bragg's  army  placed  the  Cumberland  behind  it,  and 
the  pursuit  was  abandoned. 

The  Sixty-third  was  ordered  to  Knoxville,  thence  to  Strawberry  Plains,  where 
it  remained  in  camp  until  the  latter  part  of  August.  On  the  21st  of  August,  1863, 
the  regiment  was  ordered  to  rejoin  Grade's  brigade,  which  took  up  the  line  -if 
inarch  in  the  direction  of  Chattanooga,  which  was  then  threatened  by  the  Union 
army  in  force.  Reaching  that  place,  the  armies  of  Gens.  Bragg  and  Rosecrans 
were  found  again  confronting  each  other,  the  Tennessee  River  only  separating  them. 
Rosecrans  succeeded  in  crossing  his  army  to  the  south  bank  of  the  Tenne-see 
River.      The  two  armies,  maneuvering  several  days  for  position,  finally  selected 


Regimental  Histories  and  Mxmoeial  Rolls.         587 


the  line  of  the  Chickamanga  River,  and  the  bloody  battle  of  Chickamauga  was 

fought  and  w<>n  by  the  gallant  Confederate  army.  In  this  battle  Grade's  brigade, 
of  which  the  Sixty-third  formed  a  part,  was  assigned  to  Gen.  Wm.  Preston's  di- 
vision of  Bvickner's  corps.  On  the  11th  of  September  the  brigade  was  ordered 
to  McLemore's  Cove  to  support  Gen.  Hindman's  division,  to  check  a  flank  of  a 
portion  of  the  Federal  army  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Geo.  II.  Thomas,  who 
had  crossed  the  mountain  from  the  direction  of  Bridgeport  with  three  divisions. 
On  the  morning  of  the  12th  our  command  passed  Hindman's  line,  and  came  in 
contact  with  the  enemy's  pickets,  with  whom  sharp  skirmishing  was  kept  up  dur- 
ing the  day.  Late  in  the  evening  Gen.  Thomas  retired  in  great  haste  across  the 
mountain.  Our  brigade  was  then  marched  toward  La  Fayette  to  meet  a  column  un- 
der Gen.  Crittenden.  We  remained  at  La  Fayette  during  the  night,  and  on  the 
morning  of  the  13th  marched  out  on  the  Chattanooga  road  to  support  Gen.  Polk's 
corps.  The  same  day  we  were  ordered  back  to  support  Gen.  Hill's  corps,  which 
was  engaging  the  enemy  on  the  Rome  road.  On  the  14th,  loth,  16th,  and  17th 
we  lay  in  line  of  battle  between  La  Fayette  and  Chattanooga,  the  plans  and  posi- 
tion of  the  enemy  not  being  fully  developed.  On  the  18th  skirmishing  became 
pretty  general  along  the  whole  line,  with  occasional  artillery  firing  where  the 
skirmishing  was  heaviest.  At  this  time  the  rumor  of  reinforcements  from  Gen. 
Lee's  army  was  verified  by  an  order  from  Gen.  Bragg  announcing  the  arrival  of 
Gen.  Longstreet's  corps.  This  announcement  restored  confidence  in  Bragg's  army, 
and  created  the  wildest  enthusiasm. 

Saturday,  September  19th,  the  great  battle  which  was  to  decide  the  fate  of  Ten- 
nessee commenced  in  earnest.  Heavy  skirmishing  commenced  on  the  right  of 
our  lines  early  in  the  morning.  At  nine  o'clock  a.m.  the  roar  of  musketry  and 
the  thunder  of  cannon  were  continuous  from  right  to  center,  and  rapidly  extended 
along  the  line  to  the  left.  Gradually  the  enemy's  lines  receded,  though  they  con- 
tested every  inch  of  the  ground  stubbornly. 

The  Sixty-third  was  in  the  second  line,  supporting  Stewart's  division,  which 
was  in  action,  and  was  during  the  day  exposed  to  the  enemy's  shot  and  shell. 

Lieut.  Layne,  of  Co.  G,  had  his  arm  shot  entirely  off  by  a  shell,  and  private 
Kidd,  of  the  same  company,  lost  a  leg.  At  eight  o'clock  p.m.  the  firing  ceased 
along  the  whole  line,  the  enemy  being  driven  back  at  every  point.  A-Ve  lay  upon 
the  field  of  battle  that  night,  amid  the  dead,  the  dying,  and  the  wounded.  By 
nine  o'clock  of  the  20th  the  battle  was  raging  from  right  to  left.  About  three 
o'clock  p.m.  our  brigade  was  ordered  to  take  a  strong  position  on  a  hill,  held  by  a 
brigade  of  the  enemy,  with  one  battery,  flanked  by  a  brigade  on  either  side.  To 
reach  the  position  Gen.  Gracie  marched  by  the  left  flank  to  a  certain  point,  formed 
the  brigade  in  column,  then  forward  into  lino  of  battle. 

The  Sixty-third,  occupying  the  right  of  the  brigade,  Avas  the  last  to  form  into 
line,  and  before  it  could  reach  its  position  in  line  the  enemy  had  opened  a  terrific 
fire  with  shot,  shell,  and  grape,  which  would  have  thrown  it  into  utter  confusion 
had  it  not  been  accustomed  to  drill  and  discipline. 

This  was  the  first  regular  battle  in  which  the  Sixty-third  had  participated,  but 
the  courage  displayed  by  these  brave  East  Tennesseans  on  this  occasion  and  their 
admirable  conduct  under  a  galling  fire  from  front  and  flank  were  never  surpassed 
by  veteran  troops.  They  were  under  fire  in  their  position  for  more  than  an  hour. 
Their  ammunition  was  exhausted,  anil  was  not  replenished  except  from  the  car- 


588  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

— ; ; ■ 

tridge-bo.xes  of  the  killed  and  wounded.  Their  ranks  were  thinned  by  every  vol- 
ley from  the  musketry  and  artillery  on  the  ridge  above.  Still,  when  the  order 
was  given  to  charge  they  gallantly  stormed  the  enemy's  fortified  position,  driving 
him  into  the  ravines  beyond,  where  a  large  number  of  prisoners  were  captured. 

It  was  now  about  sunset,  and  the  firing  ceased.  The  battle  was  won,  and  the 
shattered  columns  of  Ro^ecrans's  army  were  in  full  retreat  toward  Chattanooga. 
The  victory  was  dearly  bought.  But  few  regiments  suffered  greater  loss  than  the 
Sixty-third  Tennessee  Kegiment.  The  following  are  the  casualties,  as  nearly  as 
can  be  given  at  the  present  time:  Forty-seven  men  were  killed  dead  on  the  field. 
Many  others'died  from  wounds  received.  Capt.  James  T.  Gillespie  and  Lieut. 
Shelby  M.  Deaderick  were  killed  and  buried  on  the  field.  Sergt.  C.  T.  Beidle- 
man,  privates  Benj.  White,  Henry  Barnett..  Josiah  Bushong,  James  Weaver,  Wm. 
Weaver,  Wm.  Adams,  and  John  King,  of  Co.  E,  and  Joseph  Russell,  of  Co.  A, 
were  also  killed  and  buried  on  the  field.  Lieut.-col.  A.  Fulkerson,  commanding, 
was  severely  wounded  by  a  Minie-ball  in  the  left  arm,  above  the  elbow,  about  the 
close  of  the  engagement.  Capt.  Wm.  H.  Fulkerson  was  seriously  wounded  in 
the  foot,  and  permanently  disabled.  Lieut.  Henly  Fugate  had  his  arm  shot  off 
by  a  shell.  Lieut.  S.  M.  Jones  was  wounded  in  the  thigh.  Lieut.  H.  J.  Baker 
was  shot  in  the  thigh.  Lieut.  W.  P.  Rhea  was  slightly  wounded.  Lieut.  James 
J.  Acree  was  shot  in  the  leg.  Lieut.  A.  II.  Bullock  ^  was  wounded  in  the  leg. 
Lieut.  Geo.  II.  Xeill  was  seriously  wounded  in  the  left  lung,  and  permanently 
*  disabled.  Lieut.  L.  L.  Ftters  sword  was  shot  off.  W.  H.  Wilkinson,  who  had 
been  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Captain,  was  wounded  in  the  leg.  Lieut.  J.  H. 
McClure  was  wounded  in  the  foot.  The  aggregate  number  of  men  taken  into  bat- 
tle was  four  hundred  and  four,  of  which  two  hundred  and  two  were  killed  and 
wounded.  It  is  a  source  of  deep  regret  that  the  name  of  every  one  of  the  brave 
soldiers  of  the  Sixty-third  killed  and  wounded  cannot  be  perpetuated  by  giving 
it  a  place  in  the  military  records  of  Tennessee;  but  the  regimental  and  company 
rolls  showing  the  killed  and  wounded  were  captured  or  destroyed  at  the  surren- 
der, and  the  writer  has  to  trust  to  the  memory  of  himself  and  surviving  comrades 
for  the  names  and  dates  here  given.  The  official  report  of  Gen.  A.  Gracie,  except 
that  part  of  it  which  refers  to  the  Alabama  troops  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga, 
is  here  given: 

"Head-quarters  Gracie's  Brigade,  in  Front  Chattanooga, 

"  October  2,  1863. 
"Captain:  I  have  the  honor  of  herewith  forwarding  the  report  of  the  opera- 
tions of  my  brigade,  composed  of  the  Sixty-third  Regiment  Tennessee  Volunteers, 

Lieut.-col.  A.  Fulkerson  commanding, on  the  days  of  the  lUth  and  20th 

of  September,  18t>3.  Taking  position  on  the  evening  of  the  13th  inst.  at  Dalton's 
Ford,  on  Chickamauga  River,  early  on  the  morning  of  the  19th  the  brigade  formed 
its  first  line  of  battle,  facing  the  enemy's  works  near  Lee  and  Gordon's  mills.  It 
was  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  shell,  wounding  Lieut.  Layne  and  others 
of  the  Sixty-third  Tennessee  Regiment.  Further  than  this  the  brigade  was  not 
engaged  in  this  day's  right.  On  the  morning  of  the  20th  the  brigade  was  ordered 
near  -Dyer's  house,  on  the  Chattanooga  road,  where,  again  forming  line  of  bat- 
tle, it  again  received  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  shell.  Between  4  and  5  o'clock  p.m. 
orders  wtire  received  to  support  Kershaw's  brigade,  posted  to  the  left  of  the  Chat- 
tanooga road.     Word  was  sent  to  Col.  Kershaw  that  the  brigade  was  ready,  and 


Segmental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         5S0 

he  ordered  it  to  advance.  Passing  through  Kershaw's  command,  the  brigade  found 
itself  suddenly  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy  strongly  posted  behind  breastworks 
of  logs  and  rails  on  the  crest  of  an  opposite  hill.  The  iire  of  musketry,  grape, 
and  canister  immediately  commenced;  but  undaunted  the  brigade  scaled  the  pre- 
cipitous heights,  driving  the  enemy  before  it,  and  took  possession  of  the  hill. 
Holding  the  hill  for  nearly  an  hour,  and  ammunition  becoming  scarce,  I  informed 
Brig.-gen.  Preston,  commanding  the  division,  that  unless  supported  the  brigade 
could  not  hold  out  much  longer.  Trigg's  and  Kelley's  brigades  were  ordered  to 
my  relief.  Though  with  ammunition  nearly  exhausted,  the  brigade  held  its  own 
until  the  scattering  fire  of  its  musketry  betrayed  its  condition  to  the  enemy. 
Trigg's  and  Kelley's  brigades  arriving,  the  command  withdrew  to  replenish  its 
empty  cartridge-boxes. 

"  Early  the  next  morning  the  brigade  resumed  the  position  it  hod  so  nobly  won. 
The  number  oi  killed  and  wounded  shows  the  desperate  nature  of  the  contest. 
Of  about  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy  carried  into  action  ninety  were 
killed  and  six  hundred  and  fifteen  wounded.  Where  so  many  distinguished  them- 
selves it  would  be  difficult  to  particularize.  All  nobly  did  their  duty.  1  would. 
however,  call  attention  to  the  following-named  officers:  Lieut.-col.  A.  Fulker^on. 
Sixty-third  Regiment  Tennessee  Volunteers,  who,  in  the  absence  of  the  Colonel, 
commanded  the  regiment  and  led  it  into  action.  To  him  it  owes  its  discipline  and 
efficiency.  Col.  Fulkerson  was  severely  wounded  in  the  arm,  making,  with  the 
one  received  at  Shlloh,  the  second  during  the  war.     He  is  deserving  of  a  much 

higher  position Among  the  noble  dead  I  have  to  record  the  names  of 

Capt.  James  T.  Gillespie  and  Lieut.  S.  M.  Deaderick,  Co.  I,  Sixty-third  Tennessee 
Regiment.     I  am,  Captain,  very  respectfully  your  obedient  servant, 

"A.  Gracie,  jr.,  Brisradier-general. 

"To  Capt.  J.  L.  Sasford,  A.  A.  Gen." 

Gen.  Buekner,  our  corps  commander,  in  his  official  report  of  the  said  battle, 
says:  "Upon  Brig.-gen.  Preston  and  his  brigade  commanders,  Brig.-gen.  Grade, 
etc.,  I  cannot  bestow  higher  praise  than  to  say  that  their  conduct  and  example 
were  such  as  to  convert  a  body  of  troops  but  few  of  whom  had  before  been  under 
fire  into  a  division  of  veterans  in  their  first  battle.  Stewart's  veterans  maintained 
the  reputation  they  had  won  on  many  fields.  Preston's  troops  imitated  their  ex- 
ample, and  equaled  them  in  merit.  The  recapitulation  of  the  heavy  losses  sus- 
tained in  both  divisions  is  a  sad  testimony  of  the  soldierly  qualities  of  the  sur%-iv- 
ors.  Few  troops  who  have  suffered  so  heavily  have  been  victorious  on  the  field 
of  their  losses.  But  the  result  is  only  another  evidence  of  the  invincible  spirit 
of  our  people." 

After  burying  the  dead,  the  regiment,  on  the  21st,  marched  with  Bragg's  army 
to  Missionary  Ridge,  and  remained  there  until  Longstreet's  corps  had  been  de- 
tached and  sent  to  East  Tennessee.  The  army  was  reorganized  in  front  of  Chat- 
tanooga, and  the  different  State  troops  put  together.  The  Sixty-third  was  detached 
from  Gen.  Grade's  brigade  and  attached  to  Gen.  Maney's  brigade  oi  Tennesseans. 
But  before  reporting  to  Gen.  Maney  the  order  was  rescinded,  ami  the  regiment 
placed  in  Gen.  Bushrod  Johnson's  Tennessee  brigade.  This  latter  brigade  was 
ordered  to  East  Tennessee  to  reenforce  Gen.  Longstreet's  corps,  which  was  then 
preparing  for  the  siege  of  Knoxville.  It  reached  Knoxville  in  time  to  participate 
in  Longstreet's  disastrous  assault  on  Fort  Sanders.     The  regiment  continued  with 


590 


Militaey  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Longstrect  during  his  entire  campaign  in  East  Tennessee;  participating  m  the  en- 
gagement at  Bean's  Station,  in  which  it  lost  in  killed  and  wounded  eighteen. 
Among  the  killed  were  Lieut.  GaJbraith,  of  Co.  C,  and  also  private  C.  T.  Smith, 
of  Co.  E;  and  among  the  wounded  was  James  Whist  man,  of  the  same  company. 
These  are  all  the  names  remembered.  The  command  went  into  winter-quarters 
at  Morristown,  and  later  at  Dandridge  and  Bradson's  Ferry.  The  troops  suffered 
greatly  during  the  campaign  in  East  Tennessee,  as  Longstreet's  army  depended 
upon  that  section  of  country  for  supplies  of  every  kind,  including  clothing.  An- 
ticipating the  early  surrender  of  this  important  section  of  the  country  to  the  en- 
emy, it  seemed  to_.be  the  policy  to  strip  it  of  all  its  available  resources  in  the  way 
of  provisions,  etc.  Longstrect  was  consequently  required  to  support  his  army  of 
near  twenty  thousand  men  exclusively  upon  supplies  collected  from  the  people 
within  the  borders  of  East  Tennessee. 

The  last  of  April,  1864,  Longstreet's  army  evacuated  East  Tennessee  and  proceed- 
ed to  Virginia  by  rail:  that  part  of  his  corps  which  lie  took  to  Chickamauga  re- 
joining Gen.  Lee's  army,  and  Bushrod  Johnson's  brigade  reporting  at  Richmond. 
Thence  it  was  ordered  to  Drury's  Bluff,  Gen.  Johnson  taking  command  of  that 
point  and  of  the  line  of  railroad  between  Petersburg  and  Richmond.  Tiie  brigade 
at  tliis  time  numbered  less  than  one  thousand  men.  Butler  landed  a  considerable 
army  at  Bermuda  Hundreds,  and  from  that  point  constantly  menaced  Petersburg, 
the  line  of  railroad,  and  Drury's  Bluff,  which  at  that  time  was  the  key  to  Rich- 
mond. The  defense  of  these  important  "points  devolved  upon  Johnson's  little 
brigade,  the  garrison  in  charge  of  the  siege-guns  at  Drury's  Bluff,  and  the  home- 
guards  of  Petersburg.  Butler's  first  effort  was  to  prevent  communication  between 
Richmond  and  Petersburg  by  destroying  the  railroad  at  Walthall  Junction.  By 
a  forced  march  of  Johnson's  entire  brigade  it  reached  the  Junction  before 
much  damage  was  done  by  Butler's  troops.  A  sharp  engagement  ensued,  Butler 
retiring  within  his  fortifications.  His  next  attempt  was  to  capture  Petersburg  via 
Swift  Creek.  Johnson  again  withdrew  his  troops,  leaving  Drury's  Bluff  exposed, 
and  by  a  double-quick  march  reached  Swift  Creek  and  took  position  along  its 
bank,  from  the  railroad  bridge  to  Appomattox  River,  in  time  to  check  Butler's 
advance  and  save  the  city.  We  held  this  position  until  the  next  day,  when  Beau- 
regard's forces  from  North  Carolina  arrived,  when  we  were  relieved  and  marched 
back  with  Beauregard's  forces  to  the  fortifications  around  Drury's  Bluff.  On 
reaching  that  place  Beauregard's  troops  took  position  on  the  outer  line  of  works, 
but  in  a  short  time  abandoned  it  and  occupied  the  second  line.  Butler  followed 
close  upon  our  rear,  and  occupied  the  outer  line  of  trenches  with  his  entire  army. 
On  the  16th  of  May  Beauregard  determined  to  attack  Butler  in  force.  At  day- 
light his  troops  moved  out  of  their  line  and  commenced  an  assault  on  the  enemy's 
right,  which  rested  on  the  James  River. 

Johnson's  brigade,  which  had  been  assigned  to  Gen.  Hoke's  division,  occupied 
a  position  on  tiie  inner  line  of  works  immediately  on  the  turnpike  road. 

On  the  morning  of  the  16th  tiie  Sixty-third  Regiment  was  formed  on  the  pike, 
and  marched  by  the  flank  down  the  pike  in  the  direction  of  the  enemy's  works, 
and  when  within  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards  of  an  open  fort,  built  immediately 
across  the  pike,  the  regiment  was  formed  forward  into  line  of  battle  under  a  heavy 
tire  of  grape,  canister,  and  musketry.  The  enemy's  works  were  charged  with 
great  spirit,  and  the  fort  on  the  pike  was  captured,  the  bayonet  being  used  for  tiie 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


591 


first  time.  Quickly  the  left  company  of  the  Sixty-third  was  ordered  to  shoot  the 
horses  and  men  of  a  battery  of  Parrott  guns  which  was  posted  a  short  distance  in 
rear  of  the  enemy's  earth-works  on  the  left  of  the  pike.  This  order  was  promptly 
executed,  the  horses  being  shot  and  the  men  killed  or  driven  from  their  guns. 
A  line  of  works  extending:  from  the  captured  earth-works  on  the  pike  some  two 
or  three  hundred  yards  to  the  next  an.^le  was  instantly  swept  of  its  occupants 
by  a  flank  tire.  Meanwhile  the  right  of  the  regiment  suffered  terribly  under  a 
galling  fire  from  the  line  of  the  enemy's  works  immediately  in  our  front,  Cling- 
man's  North  Carolina  troops  had  been  ordered  to  protect  our  right  flank,  but  from 
some  cause  they  failed  to  come  up  in  time  to  protect  us  from  a, flank  movement  of 
the  enemy  on  the  right  of  our  regiment,  and  we  were  for  awhile  subjected  to  a  most 
destructive  fire  from  front  and  flank,  The  regiment  went  into  action  with  three 
hundred  men,  and  in  less  than  fifteen  minutes  one  hundred  and  fifty  were  either 
killed  or  wounded.  Still  the  fort  was  held.  A  detail  was  made  to  haul  into  the 
fort  one  of  the  Parrott  guns,  which  was  accomplished  with  great  gallantry  under 
a  heavy  fire,  and  the  piece  turned  and  used  with  effect  upon  the  enemy. 

In  this  battle,  among  the  killed  and  wounded  are  remembered  the  following: 
Lieut.-eol.  John  Alfred  Aiken,  one  of  the  bravest  of  the  brave,  was  shot  in  the 
head  and  instantly  killed.  Capt.  R.  A.  Rutlodge,  of  Co.  H,  and  Lieut.  Win.  T. 
Battles,  of  Co.  K,  were  killed.  Sergt.  Thos.  Morrell,  of  Co.  D,  was  shot  eight  or 
nine  times,  and  killed.  The  following  privates  in  Co.  E  were  killed:  A.  B.  Jones, 
Jesse  Hickman,  F.  M.  Scott,  S.  S.  Webb.,  Win.  Coldbaugh,  K.  B.  Rogers,  C.  R. 
Godsey.  James  M.  Hatcher  and  Jacob  MeCrory  were  captured,  and  died  in 
prison.  Of  Co.  K,  Wm.  G.  Odeil  was  killed.  Of  Co.  F,  Geo.  Doan,  James  W. 
Emmert,  Jesse  Collins,  Nathan  Galloway,  Wm.  Gray,  and  Wm.  Cox  were  killed, 
and  Geo.  Smith  captured  and  died  in  prison.  Among  the  wounded  the  following 
are  remembered :  Capt.  C.  R.  Millard,  severely  wounded.  Frank  A.  Moses,  the 
gallant  standard-bearer  of  the  Sixty-third,  while  bearing  the  flag  to  victory,  was 
severely  wounded  in  two  or  three  places,  whereupon  James  A.  Lindaroood,  of  Co. 
E,  seized  the  flag,  and  bearing  it  aloft  called  loudly  for  the  men  to  go  forward. 
In  tliis  battle  Adam  Harr,  a  brave  private  of  Co.  F,  was  shot  in  the  head  and  in 
the  left  side,  and  as  he  called  for  help  he  was  asked,  "  Where  are  you  shot,  Adam?" 
In  response  he  said,  "  Right  through  the  heart  and  right  through  the  brain."  He 
still  lives. 

After  the  battle  of  Drury's  Bluff  the  Sixty-third  assisted  in  "battling"  Butler 
in  his  fortifications  at  Bermuda  Hundreds.  It  assisted  in  the  construction  of  the 
sand  fort  at  the  Hewlett  house,  and  was  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  gun-boats 
there  and  along  the  line  of  fortifications  from  that  point  to  the  Appomattox  Riv- 
er until  Grant's  army  reached  Cold  Harbor,  when  the  main  portion  of  Butler's 
army  and  the  army  besieging  him  were  withdrawn  to  reenforce  the  respective 
armies  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Casualties  were  few  during  this  period.  Occasionally  a  man  was  wounded. 
George  Millard,  of  Co.  E,  was  killed  on  the  line  near  the  Clay  house,  and  John 
Ellis,  of  the  same  company,  died  of  a  wound. 

On  the  14th  of  June  the  advance  of  Gen.  Grant's  army  crossed  the  Appomattox 
River  at  Harrison's  Landing,  and  marched  in  the  direction  of  Petersburg,  for  the 
purpose  of  capturing  that  place.  On  the  15th  of  June  Johnson' s  brigade,  now 
reduced  to  less  than  five  hundred  muskets,  evacuated  the  line  of  works  in  front 


592 


Militaky  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


of  Butler,  and  marched  to  Petersburg  late  in  the  evening  of  that  day,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  protecting  the  city  against  what  was  supposed  to'  be  a  raid  of  Kautz's  cav- 
alry. Before  we  reached  there,  however,  the  advance  of  Gen.  Grant's  army  had 
captured  the  line  of  fortifications  around  Petersburg  from  Appomattox  River  to 
Battery  Fourteen,  near  Friend's  house.  Hoke's  division,  of  three  thousand  muskets, 
and  Johnson's  brigade  were  hastily  thrown  into  line,  Johnson's  brigade  being  on  the 
right  and  the  Sixty-third  Tennessee  on-  its  right,  resting  near  Battery  Fourteen, 
the  line  extending  to  the  left  to  the  Appomattox.  Temporary  earth-works  of  rails 
and  such  material  as  was  at  hand  were  hastily  thrown  tip  that  night,  tin  plates 
being  used  for  shovels.  Sunday  morning  a  charge  was  made  upon  our  line  by 
the  advance  corps  of  Grant's  army  in  two  columns.  This  charge  was  gallantly 
repulsed;  but  the  enemy,  receiving  reinforcements,  constantly  charged  our  single 
line,  consisting  of  a  single  rank  placed  at  intervals  of  three  paces  apart.  But 
they  were  successfully  repulsed,  and  held  in  check  until  night  put  an  end  to  the 
unequal  contest.  All  night  long  Gen.  Grant  was  massing  his  army  in  our  front, 
and  at  daylight  the  attack  was  renewed  by  lines  of  such  weight  as  to  completely 
outflank  and  overpower  our  heroic  little  band.  The  larger  portion  of  Johnson's 
brigade  was  captured,  some  killed  and  some  wounded,  and  the  remainder  driven 
out  of  the  trenches  toward  Petersburg.  XJeut.  II.  I.  Baker  was  killed;  also  pri- 
vates Ted.  Morrell,  of  Co.  E,  and  Nutly,  of  Co.  K.     Several  others  were 

killed,  many  wounded.  Lieut.-col.  Fulkersou,  commanding,  was  slightly  wound- 
ed and  captured.  '  Lieut.  Godsey,  of  Co.  E,  was  wounded;  and  about  one-half  of 
the  regiment  were  captured  and  imprisoned  at  Fort  Delaware,  Morris  Island,  and 
other  places,  where  a  large  number  of  them  died.  The  command  of  the  regiment 
then  devolved  upon  Capt.  J.  W.  Robinson,  a  brave  and  gallant  officer.  In  the 
evening  of  the  same  day  the  small  remnant  of  the  brigade,  including  the  Sixty- 
third,  which  at  this  time  did  not  number  perhaps  upward  of  forty  or  fifty  men, 
under  Capt.  Robinson,  was  again  marched  out  to  till  out  an  unoccupied  interval  in 
our  line  and  in  front  of  one  of  Gen.  Grant's  batteries  on  a  hill.  "When  amid  the 
shot  and  shell  we  arrived  in  front  of  the  battery,  and  within  some  one  hundred 
and  fifty  or  two  hundred  yards  of  it,  the  men  were  ordered  to  lie  down,  and  a 
few  sent  forward  to  dig  holes  with  bayonets.  Meanwhile  the  enemy  continued  to 
shell  the  woods  with  a  most  terrific  and  galling  fire.  Some  were  killed  and  many 
wounded  by  the  shot  and  shell  and  tailing  timber.  Robinson,  of  the  Sixty- 
third,  is  remembered  to  have  been  killed.  Capt.  J.  W.  Robinson  and  Lieut.  A. 
H.  Bullock  were  wounded  by  the  explosion  of  a  shell  close  to  their  heads. 

The  remnant,  of  the  regiment  remained  with  Gen.  Lee  until  the  evacuation  of 
Petersburg,  occupying  various  positions  in  the  besieged  line  of  intrenchments, 
among  others  the  fort  which  was  afterward  blown  up,  and  became  known  as  "the 
crater."  They  were  under  fire  of  the  mortar-shells  almost  continuously.  During 
this  time  Lieut.  Samuel  Saffell  is  remembered  to  have  been  killed.  The  regiment 
was  at  New  Market  Hill,  and  subsequently  at  Signal  Hill,  where  a  detachment 
of  one  hundred  men.  under  Lieut.  A.  H.  Bullock,  captured  in  the  federal  trench- 
es several  of  the  colored  troops.  The  enemy  moved  upon  and  captured  Fort 
Harrison,  which  necessitated  a  hasty  withdrawal  from  Signal  Hill,  during  which 
heavy  skirmishing  ensued.  Several  were  wounded.  Among  the  number  killed 
is  remembered  private  George  Smith,  of  Company  E.  Late  in  the  evening  of 
the  same  day  our  forces — Capt.  A.  M.  Millard  commanding  the  Sixty-third  Ten- 


Kegtmextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls. 


503 


nessee — stormed  and  recaptnredi  the  fort,  together  .with  a  goodly  number  of  pris- 
oners; subsequently;  however,  being  overpowered,  we  abandoned  it  to  the  enemy. 
In  this  engagement  several  were  killed  and  wounded. 

South-west  of  Petersburg,  on  the  Jerusalem  plank  road,  on  the  2d  of  April. 
1865,  the  remnant  of  the  regiment  participated  in  the  effort  of  Gen.  Hill  to  drive 
the  enemy  back,  where  the  most  of  it  was  captured.  The  remainder,  consisting  of 
twenty-eight  men,  retreated  with  Gen.  Lee's  army  to  Appomattox,  where  it 
was  surrendered  by  Lieut.  L.  L.  Ktter,  of  Company  C,  a  brave  and  chivalrous 
officer.  Here  terminated  the  organized  existence  of  the  little  handful  of  veter- 
ans, all  that  was  left  of  the  noble  and  brave  Sixty-third.  Many  of  the  survivors 
have  since  died;  a  few  still  survive,  and  are  worthy  citizens.  The  memory  of 
both  the  dead  and  living  is  very  dear  to  the  writer,  who  trusts  he  is  kindly  re- 
membered by  the  noble  men  who  stood  by  him  and  went  with  him  through  the 
fiery  and  fierce  ordeal  of  the  war.  * 

Adjt.  X.  L.  York,  a  splendid  officer  and  soldier  and  an  accomplished  gentle- 
man, also  surrendered  at  Appomattox.  His  remains  now  sleep  in  the  Bristol 
cemetery.  Peace  to  his  ashes!  Dr.  J.  S.  McDonough,  regimental  Surgeon,  suc- 
cessfully and  with  fidelity  discharged  his  duties.  He  was  a  true  man,  a  fine  phy- 
sician and  surgeon,  and  stood  preeminently  in  the  front  rank  of  the  army  surgeons. 
Sergt.-maj.  N.  D.  Bach  man,  a  gallant  and  efficient  officer,  also  surrendered  at  Ap- 
pomattox. Many  others  are  equally  deserving  of  honorable  mention,  but  the 
writer  had  access  to  information  derived  from  members  of  some  companies  resid- 
ing in  the  same  community  with  himself,  while  he  could  not  see  and  consult  with 
the  members  of  other  companies  who  are  more  remotely  situated.  But  an  hon- 
est effort  has  been  made  to  do  justice  to  all.  All  alike  are  held  in  high  esteem, 
and  though  this  sketch  of  their  many  noble  and  daring  acts  is  very  imperfect, 
where  they  could  be  remembered  they  have  been  mentioned. 

Col.  R.  G.  Fain,  now  dead,  left  the  regiment  at  Strawberry  Plain*,  after  which 
Lieut.-col.  Fulkerson  was  promoted  to  be  Colonel,  and  Maj.  Aiken  promoted  to 
be  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Capt.  Wm.  H.  Fulkerson,  of  Company  A,  to  be  Major. 
Col.  Fulkerson,  who  was  captured  at  Petersburg  on  the  17th  of  June,  18G4,  was 
held  as  a  prisoner  of  war  at  Fort  Delaware,  Morris  Island,  Fort  Pulaski,  and 
again  at  Fort  Delaware,  until  the  25th  of  July,  1865.  Lieut.  James  J.  Acree,  of 
Company  E,  died,  and  A.  Godsey  was  promoted  to  be  Third  Lieutenant. 


OJicml.]  Sixty-third  Tennessee  Infantry. 

Colonel,  R.  G.  Fain;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Abraham  Fulkerson;  Major.  J.  A.  Aiken;  Surgeon, 
J.  S.  McDonouuh;  Assistant  Surgeon,  W.  F.  Edmonds;  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence, 
Hiram  Fain;  Quartermaster,  J.  F.  Ford;  Adjutant,  N.  L.  York. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  W.  H.  Fulkerson. 


Cline,  Daniel,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Robinson,  B.  P~,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Jenning*.  G.  G..  k.  f<t  Ohickamatiga. 
Koeterson,  Abraham,  k.  at  CUi»  k.imauga. 
Russell,  J.C.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Wiibura,  Rufus.  k.  at  Chickamauga 
Campbell,  D.  C,  d.  March  15,  1863. 
Campbell.  Timothy,  d    Nov.  10,  1862. 

38 


i  Carroll,  Frank,  d.  Aug.  22.  1862. 
I  Gains,  Christopher,  d.  July  15,  1862. 
i  Hatfield,  George,  d.  Aug.  20,  1862, 
j  Rimnion.  Jam*",  d.  March  15,  1863. 
Shelton,  Jasper,  d.  Nov.  15,  1863, 
i  Sanders.  W.  B.,  d.  Nor.  2,  1863, 


Was 


>ner,  Garrett,  d.  Feb.  1,  1SC3. 


501 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Cros?,  J.  A.,  k.  at  Chickamfiuga. 
MeDaid.  Jesse,  d.  Dec.  10,  1803. 
hVnley,  Polk,  d.  April,  1863. 
Lamhorn,  Thomas  B.,  d.  April,  1SG3. 
Lee,  Thomas  N.,  d.  April,  ISC-'i. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  William  Lyon. 

Lee,  Sylvester  C.  d.  Aug  ,  1362. 
Soward,  Robert  W.,  d.  Jan.,  1SG:J» 
Taylor,  Allen,  d.  Feb.  S,  1863. 
Taylor,  J.  H.,  d.  June.  180.",. 
Waller,  E.  F.,d.  Nov.,  1802. 


COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  It.  F.  Pov 


ell. 


Earl,  William,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Livvson,  Orville,  k.  in  battle. 
Powell,  G.  R.,  d.  $on:e  time  during  service. 
Flora,  James,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Fudge,  Adam,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Golden,  C.  C,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Hamlin,  T.  N.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Headriek,  J.  B.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Headrick,  E.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Hansley,  J.  B.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Mabe,  Jackson,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
McNeese,  George,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Mee,  A.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
\  Unofficial. ~\ 


I  Holloran,  John,  k.  at   Drury's  Bluff,  May  16, 
|      180-1. 

|  Anderson,  D.,  k.  in  East  Tennessee,  Jan.,  1S04. 
i  Bains,  W.  R.,  k.  at  Knoxvilie,  18C3. 
j  Briee,  C.  C.  k.  at  Drury's  Fluff,  May  K  1864. 
•  Ear!.  Robert,  k.  at  Petersburg,  1864. 
\  Ferrell,  Andrew,  k.  atJDrury's  Bluff,  May  16, 
I      1864, 

f  Flora,  Daniel,  d.  in  hospital  at  Marietta,  Ga. 
:  Farns,  C.  C,  k.  at  Knoxvilie.  180:1 
!  Hud  gins,  Joseph,  d.  in  Greenevill^.  1864. 
|  Li  how,  John  W.,  d.  in  hospital,  1863. 
I  Norman,  James,  d.  in  hospital,  Abingdon,  Ya., 
180-1. 


Owi 


Isaac,  k.  at  Drury's  Bluff,  May  15. 1 664. 
n  prison  at  Elrrura,  N.  Y., 


Galbrith,  Harvey,  d.  in  prison,  1364. 

M err i man,  James,  k.  at  Drury's  Bluff,  May  16, '  Smith,  James,  d 

1864.  !      18G4. 

Galbrith,  WTm.,  d.  in  hospital,  1863.  j  Wright,  Elishn,  k.  at  Petersburg,  lSGo 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  A.  A.  Blair. 
Johnson,  fl.  H.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  [  Do.ak.  James,  d.  * 

Nead,  M.  G.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  Humphreys,  W.  FL,  d.  Aug.  2T,  1862. 


Tipton,  A.  B.,  k.  at  Chickamauga 
Cooper,  Robert,  d.  Nov.  20, 1862. 
Cowles,  E.,  d.  Oct.  20,  1862. 
Crumley,  G.  S.,  d. 
Colton,  R.  A.,  d. 


Hackney,  H.  H.,  d.  Jan.,  1863. 
Peoples,  L.  IF,  d.  July,  1863. 
Rupe,  E.,  d.  Oct.,  1862. 
Van  Dyke,  T.  N.,  d.  March,  1S63. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  C.  R.  Millard. 


Weaver,  James,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
White,  P.  P.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Smith,  S.  S.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
King,  John  R.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Adams,  W.  P.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Barnett,  Henry,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Bushong,  Joseph,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Beidleman,  C.  C.  T,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Jones,  Samuel,  k.  at  Brimstone  Creek. 
Haley,  Henry,  k.  at  Brimstone  Creek. 
Smith,  C.  T.,  k.  at  Beau's  Station. 


I  Bartee,  William,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
;  Hughes,  David,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
'  Hutson,  Samuel,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
!  James,  George,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
!  Rutledge,  C.  A.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
!  Vance,  William,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
White,  G.  W.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 

[Unofficial.'] 

Bushonsr,  John,  d.  in  prison  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. 
McCrory,  Jacob,  d.  in  prison  at  Eimira,  N.  Y. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captam,  A.  M.  Willard. 


Jones,  John,  d.  Feb.,  1S64. 
Denton.  Henderson,  d.  March 
Denton.  W.  K.,  d.  Feb.,  1864. 
Hicks,  \V.  B.,  d.  Nov.  1,  186a 
{Unofficial.! 


Miller,  E.  C,  d.  in  prison  at  Elmira.  N.  Y. 
Smith.  Geo.,  d.  in  prison  at  Elmira.  N.  Y. 
Sturm,  W.  G.,  d.  in  prison  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. 
Coleman,  Jacob,  d.  in  prison  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. 
Denton,  Samuel,  d.  in  rr^on  at  Elmira,  N.  Y*. 


Hilberf,  Geo.  W.,  d.  in  prison  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.  |  Miller,  W.  P.,  d.  io  pri-on  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


company  G. 

Captain,  W.  H.  Wiikerson. 
Alexander.  John,  k.  at  Chicfeimauga.  Jenkins,  J.  P.,  d.  March  15,  186:3. 


Aiexauder,  W.  S.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Greeu,  Hugh,  k.  ac  Chickamauga. 
Rainer,  Joel.  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Steven?,  Benjamin,  d.  Aug.  2,  16G2. 


Jackson,  L.  N.,  d.  April,  1863. 
His,  Samuel,  d.  April  10.  ISG3. 
Howard,  Robert,  d.  Feb.  11,  1863. 


Brown,  E.  G„  d.  Dec.  6,  1862. 
Gold,  Jacob,  d.  Jan.,  1862. 
Humne,  R.  BM  d. 
Kincannon,  J.  T.,  d.  Jan.,  1SG3. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  W.  L.  Brown. 

j  Naler,  D.  C,  d. 

Pat  ton,  W.  N,  d. 
j  Ritchie,  Josiah,  d. 
[Smith,  J.  fif,d. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  James  T.  Gillespie. 
Erby,  John  F.,  k.  at  Chiekarnanga.  i  Raskins,  Robert,  d. 

Deaderick,  Shelby  M.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  I  Bare,  William,  d. 
Gillespie,  Capt.  James  T.,  k.  at  Chickamauga.  ;  Brown.  Wiley,  d. 
Miller,  Johr.  K..  k.  in  battle.  j  Allison,  George  W.. 

Hays,  Nathaniel,  d.  |  Bur3on,  Z.  T.,  d. 

Owens,  John,  d.  '  Willett,  Samuel  A., 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  J.  W.  Robinson. 


d. 


Broyles,  David,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Boyless,  A.  M.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Byers,  H.  C,  d.  Jan.  27,  IS63. 
Robertson,  J.  N.,  d.  Feb.  17,  1S63. 
Bell,  H.,  d.  Feb.  3,  1SG3. 
Allen,  J.  P.,  d.  Nov.  2C,  1S52. 


|  Andes,  A.  B.,  d.  April  14, 1S63. 
Andes,  Thomas,  d.  Aug.  27,  1862. 
Crouch,  J.  M.,  d.  Dee.  21,  1S62. 
Harker.  6.,  d. 

Miller,  John,  d.  Dec.  25,  18G3. 
Stephens,  G.  F,  d.  Nov.  28,  1862. 


EIGHTY-FOURTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 


Official.} 


Colonel,  S.  3.  Stanton. 


COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  W.  H.  McDonald. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  H.  H.  Laodsen. 

Russell,  Monroe,  d.  April  21, 18G3. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  W.  L.  Wood. 

Keets,  A.  W.,  k.  Dec.  9,  1862. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  Raysden  Robinson. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  S.  3.  Whaley. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  J,  G.  Maxwell. 

I  Nelson,  Robert,  d.  Feb.  9,  1565. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain.  W.  A.  Enson. 
Hughes,  J.  H.,  d.  Feb.  2, 1SG3. 
N.  B.—Thi3  regiment  was  consolidated  with  the  Twenty-eighth  Tennessee  Regiment 


Webb,  Samuel,  d.  Feb.  17,  1863. 
Nelr-on,  Joseph,  d.  Feb.  16,  1S63 


590 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-FOURTH  TENNESSEE 

INFANTRY. 

By  Thos.  B.  Turlev,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Tins  regiment  was  organized  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  several  years  before  the  break- 
ing out  of  the  war  between  the  States.  It  was  incorporated  by  an  act  of  the  Leg- 
islature passed  March  22,  I860.  The  incorporators  named  in  the  charter  were: 
Colonel,  Wm.  H.  Carroll;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Preston  Smith;  Major,  A.  H.  Doug- 
las; Major,  Marcus  J.  Wright;  Surgeon,  Dr.  N.  Thumel;  Adjutant,  G.  II.  Mon- 
snrat;  Captains,  Win.  Meeler,  X.  French,  James  H.  Edmondson.  J.  Genet;  Lieu- 
tenants, A.  Munch,  M.  Maier,  I).  X.  Kendell,  John  Geugel,  James  Specht,  C.  L. 
Powers,  F.  Krone,  Isaac  Straus,  and  R.  T.  Hood. 

As  soon  as  war  was  declared  and  Tennessee  called  for  troops,  the  regiment  was 
reorganized,  and  enlisted  for  twelve  months.  Its  field  officers  were:  Colonel.  Pres- 
ton Smitli,  of  Memphis,  Tenn.;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Marcus  J.  Wright,  of  Mem- 
phis, Tenn;  Major,  Ed.  Fitzgerald,  of  Paris,  Tenn.  W.  H.  Stovall,  of  Memphis, 
was  one  of  the  earliest  Adjutant-.     It  was  composed  of  the  following  companies: 

1.  The  Light  Guards,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  J.  Genet. 

2.  The  Bluff  City  Grays,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  J.  H.  Edmondson. 

3.  The  Hickory  Rifles,  of  Memphis.  Capt.  J.  D.  Martin. 

4.  The  Southern  Guards,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  James  Hamilton. 

5.  The  Memphis  Zouaves,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  Sterling  Fowlkes. 

6.  The  Jackson  Guards,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  Michael  Magevney. 

7.  The  Crockett  Rangers,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  M.  Patrick. 

8.  The  Llenry  Guards,  of  Paris,  Tenn.,  Capt.  Ed.  Fitzgerald. 

9.  The  McNairy  Guard*,  of  McNairy  county. 

10.  The  Sons  of  Liberty,  of  Hardeman  county,  Capt.  Chairs. 

In  the  early  part  of  May,  1861,  Lieut. -col.  Marcus  J.  Wright,  under  orders  from 
Gov.  Harris,  proceeded  to  Randolph,  Tenn.,  on  the  Mississippi  River,  with  a  bat- 
talion of  four  companies  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth  Regiment,  and  oc- 
cupied and  fortified  that  place,  which  afterward  received  the  name  of  Fort  Wright. 
He  also  took  with  him  the  Steuben  Artillery,  of  Memphis,  an  artillery  company 
of  the  State,  but  attached  to  and  under  the  orders  of  the  commanding  ofiicer  of 
the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth  Regiment.  All  of  its  officers  resigned  before 
the  transfer  of  State  troops  to  the  Confederate  States,  and  the  men  were  dis- 
charged. The  guns  and  equipments  were  turned  over  to  Capt.  J.  W.  Stewart,  in 
August,  1861.  Its  officers  were:  F.  Krone,  Captain;  Joseph  Geugel,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; Mar,  Maier,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  Shubert,  Second  Lieutenant;  Geo. 
Schmaltzreud,  Second  Lieutenant. 

While  at  Randolph,  a  few  months  after  the  regiment  entered  the  service,  the 
Southern  Guards  were  withdrawn  and  formed  into  an  artillery  company,  and 
their  place  was  supplied  by  the  Beauregards,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  Moreland.  While 
at  Bethel  Station,  and  a  few  weeks  before  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  the  regiment  was 
joined  by  the  Maynard  Rifles,  of  Memphis,  Capt.  E.  A.  Cole.  After  the  battle 
of  Murfreesboro,  the  Bluff  City  Grays  were  detached,  changed  into  a  cavalry  com- 
pany, and  placed  in  the  command  of  Gen.  >\  B.  Forrest.     The  vacancy  thus 


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Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         59? 


caused  was  filled  by  Capt.  DeGraflenreid's  company,  from  Fayette  county,  Term. 
After  this  date  no  further  company  changes  were  made. 

At  the  end  of  the  first  year  the  regiment  reenlisted,  and  served  during  the  re* 
rnainder  of  the  war  in  Cheatham's  division,  Army  of  Tennessee. 

After  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  Col.  Smith  and  Lieut. -col.  Wright  were  both  pro- 
moted, and  became  Brigadier-generals.  Major  Fitzgerald  was  thereupon  elected 
Colonel,  Capt.  Magevney  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Capt.  John  W.  Dawson,  Major. 
Col.  Fitzgerald  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Richmond,  Ky.  Lieut.-col.  Magev- 
ney  then  became  Colonel,  Major  Dawson  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Capt.  Marsh. 
Patrick  Major.  Lieut.  Goodleti  succeeded  Lieut.  Stuvall  as  Adjutant.  These 
officers  continued  without  change  until  the  end  of  the  war. 

The  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth  participated  in  all  the  campaigns  and  bat- 
tles of  the  Army  of  Tennessee  with  credit  to  itself  and  honor  to  its  State.  It 
was  in  the  campaign  in  South-east  Missouri  under  Gen.  Pillow.  It  was  at  Bel- 
mont; at  Shiloh;  in  the  siege  of  Corinth;  at  Richmond,  Ky.,  where  it  lost  its 
Colonel  and  a  host  of  gallant  men;  at  Perry vi lie;  at  Murfreesboro,  or  Stone's 
Biver;  at  Chickamauga;  in  the  attack  on  Mission  Ridge;  at  Missionary  Ridge; 
in  the  fights  around  Dalton  and  Rocky  Face;  at  Resaea;  at  Adairsvilie;  at  the 
crossing  of  the  Etowah  and  Kingston;  at  Lost  Mountain  and  Xew  Hope  Church; 
on  the  Kenncsaw  line,  in  front  of  Marietta,  where  it  formed  part  of  the  force 
which  held  the  Dead  Angle;  at  the  crossing  of  the  Chattahooche;  at  Peach-tree 
Creek;  with  Hardee  on  the  22dof  July,  LSC4:  in  the  defense  oi~  Atlanta;  at  Jones- 
boro;  at  Lovejoy's;  at  the  capture  of  Dalton;  at  Columbia  and  Spring  Hill;  in  the 
bloody  battle  of  Franklin,  where  Cheatham's  division  lost  five  Generals,  and  was 
left  with  a  Colonel  in  command;  at  Nashville;  in  the  retreat  from  Tennessee;  and 
i.t  Bentonville,  X.  C,  the  last  battle  of  the  war. 

Even  if  space  permitted,  it  would  now  be  impossible  to  give  a  correct  list  of 
the  killed  and  wounded  of  the  regiment.  If  the  original  roll  had  been  called  on 
the  last  day  of  the  war,  the  answer  to  by  far  the  greater  number  oi  names  would 
have  been,  "  Killed  or  wounded  in  action."  The  writer  remembers  well  that  in 
the  campaign  from  Dalton  to  Atlanta,  from  the  7th  of  May  to  the  22d  of  July, 
one  company  lost  twenty-seven  killed  and  wounded  out  of  twenty-nine  who  en- 
tered the  campaign  at  Dalton.  Nine  of  the  twenty-seven  were  killed,  two  per- 
manently disabled.  The  rest  were  able  to  return  to  duty.  The  regiment  entered 
its  first  battle  eleven  hundred  strong,  It  came  out  of  its  last  fight  a  mere  hand- 
ful of  veterans,  less  than  one  hundred  in  number. 

Four  officers  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth  Regiment  became  Brigadier- 
generals  in  the  Confederate  army,  to  wit:  Wm.  H.  Carroll,  Preston  Smith,  Mar- 
cus J.  Wright,  John  D.  Martin. 

In  conclusion,  it  may  be  said  that  no  regiment  in  tho  Confederate  army  was 
more  widely  or  more  favorably  known  than  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth 
Senior  Tennessee;  and  its  reputation  for  gallantry  and  soldierly  bearing  was  de- 
servedlv  second  to  none. 


59S 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Official.']      One  Hundred  and  Fiety'-i-ouktk  Tennessee  Ineantky. 

Colonel,  Preston  Smith;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Marcus  J.  Wrigtlt;  Major,  Jones  Gem 
Surgeon,  Emmet,  Woodward;  Commissary,  J.  W.  Dawson;  Assistant  Surgeon,  R.  S.  Bu 
Adjutant,  F.  II.  Robmson. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Jones  Genet. 


Chapman,  W.  M.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Glancy,  J.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Gagner,  E.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 


Powers,  B.  F.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Caison,  A.,  d.  March  2:4,  1802. 
Crum,  C.  S.,  d.  July  24,  1861. 


COMPANY  B. 


Captain,  Henry 
Morris,  L.  H.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Barton,  F.  W,  k.  at  Murfreer-boro. 
Bishop.  J.  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Carter,  J.  C,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
DeGraffenreid.Capt.  Henry  E-,  k.  at  3Iurfrees- 
boro. 


E.  DeGraffenreid. 
Williams,  Henry  J.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 
Ross,  N.  B.,  d. 

Forrest,  W.  J.,  d.  Oct.  2,  1862. 
Ellington,  B.  W.,  d.  Sept.  1,  1862. 
Cannon.  James  W.,  d.  April  15,  1SG3. 


COMPANY  C 
Captain,  M.  Magevney. 

Hester,  Michael,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Quinn,  Charles  W.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Lenehan,  C,  d.  July,  1861. 
Barrett,  Richard,  d.  Aug.  24,  186!. 
Duggan,  John,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain.  S.  Fowlkes. 
Fowlkes,  Capt.  S.,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky.  j  Davis,  Thomas,  d.  Oct.  27,  1862. 

Hamilton,  Charles  F.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  [  Jennings,  J.  B  ,  d.  Oct.,  1862. 

Debow,  Solomon,  d.  Aug.,  18*32.  j  Stowe,  Joseph,  d.  Nov.,  1802. 


Barry,  John,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Reel,  J.  J.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Shannon,  Martin,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Whelan,  Michael,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
WaW-h,  William,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 


Capt; 
Moore,  W.  ft,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Claridge,  B.  F.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Rockholdt,  W.  C,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 


COMPANY  E. 
in,  John  S.  Donelson. 


Farris,  J.  J.,  d.  March  11,186] 
Leggatt,  B.  F.,  d.  July  7, 1862. 


Camerson,  D.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Scott,  John.  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Myrick,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Bruce,  T.  M.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Alexander,  P.  P.,  k.  at  S:iiioh. 

Atkins.  J.  A.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

McCarty,  James,  k.  at  Belmont. 

Bennett,  R,  V..  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 

Fitzgerald,  Capt.  Edward,  k.  at  Richmond,  Ky. 

Baucum,  E.,  d.  July,  lfcG2. 

Covington,  J.  W.,  d.  Aug.,  1862. 

Kennedy,  J.  N.,  d. 

Rust,  V.  G.,  d.  April  14, 1362. 

Russell,  W.  L.,  d. 

[Unofficial."] 
Towel!,  Lieut.  W.  B.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Bowman,  Corp.  Nat  A.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Alexander,  Thomas,  d.  in  service. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Charles  D.  Cooney. 

Atkins,  Boldy,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Bennett,  R.  A.,  d.  in  service. 

Conway,  G.  W,,  d.  in  service. 

Caton,  James,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 

Carthon,  James,  k.  at  Belmont. 

Edmunds,  Howell,  k.  in  service. 

Dunlap,  Dowen,  k.  in  service. 

Deas,  Bob,  k.  in  service. 

Hite,  Dollie,  k.  in  service. 

Foster,  Carter,  k.  in  service. 

Johnson,  Henry,  k.  at  Jonesboro. 

Lathan,  James,  k.  in  service. 

Kennedy,  James,  k.  in  service. 

McKinney.  Mike,  k.  in  service. 
|  Pettijohn,  A.  J.,  k.  in  service. 
|  Ray,  Calvin,  k.  in  service. 
j  Wall,  Henry,  d.  in  service. 
I  Waldin,  William,  k.  in  service. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memokial  Rolls.        009 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  B.  B.  Hutchison. 
Drummond,  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh.  ,       i  Love,  James,  d.  Deo.  2Q,  18fil. 

Willen,  Jacob,  k.  at  Shiloh.  Green,  Joseph,  d.  May  2b,  ISfil. 

Morrison,  Jake,  d.  Nov.  •>«>,  1861. 


Bauer,  William,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Cowan,  S.  S.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
.Donnelly,  James,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
Lovejoy,  John,  k.  at  Shiloh. 
McLelland,  William,  k.  at  Shiloh. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  M.  M.  Patrick. 

McElery.  John.  k.  at  Shiboh. 
Randolph.  David,  k.  at  Shiioh. 
Hen<trick-,  J.  S.,  k.  at  Murfree.-boro. 
Gallagher,  Thomas,  k.  May  12,  L86L 


COMPANY  [. 
Captain,  C.  R.  Wharton. 
Wharton,  M.  W..  k.  at  Murfree^boro.  |  Covey,  A.  M.,  d.  Nov.  24,  1861. 

Dearen,  R.  P.,  k.  at  Mnrfreesboro.  I  Jones',  Thomas,  d.  Ang.  2,  18(32. 

Jones,  H.  H.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  T.  H.  Hancock. 
Famed,  W.  M-,  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  Clark,  W.  D.,  d.  Feb.  12,  18t>5. 


\ 


Whittle,  J.  H.,  U.  at  Murfreesboro* 
Grenade,  W.  B.,  k.  Tt  Shiioh. 
Airs,  F.  M.,  d.  Oct  20,  1861. 


Famed,  J.  S.,  d.  April  20,  1882. 
Hendricks,  H.  W.,  d.  Dec.  13,  1861. 
Laurel!,  IV.  W-.  d.  Jan.  3,  It5u2. 


COMPANY  L. 
Captain,  E.  A.  Cole. 
Har',  W.  W.,  k.  at  Shiloh.  j  Vaecarro.  C.  N.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 

Brownell,  E.,  k.  at  Shiloh.  Piper,  William,  d. 

Allen,  S.  B.,  k.  at  Shiloh.  j  Harris,  Jesse  L.,  d. 

Marshall,  J.  P.,  k.  at  Shiloh. 


THE  "YOUNG  GUARD." 

By  Edwasd  Bocrne,  Memphis,  Tenn. 


Some  time  prior  to  the  late  war  between  the  States  there  was  a  company  organ- 
ized here  called  the  ''Harris  Zouave  Cadets,"  which,  being  composed  of  the 
"flower  of  the  land,"  soon  became  very  proficient  in  the  Zouave  skirmish  drill. 
For  awhile  every  thing  went  well,  but  a  difference  of  opinion  upon  some  subject 
of  importance  relative  to  their  company  affairs  arose,  and  a  portion  of  the  mem- 
bers withdrew  and  in  April,  1S61,  organized  the  " Young  Guard."  (Just  here,  in 
parentheses,  permit  me  to  say  that  the  "Harris  Zouave  Cadets"  continued  their 
organization,  entered  the  army,  and  did  noble  service  throughout  the  war.)  In 
May,  1861,  the  "Young  Guard"  went  to  camp  of  organization  at  Jackson,  Tenn., 
with  a  full  complement  of  officers — commissioned  and  non-commissioned — and 
about  fifty  privates.  From  the  most  reliable  data  I  have  been  able  to  obtain,  the 
following  were  the  officers  when  they  left  Memphis  for  Jackson,  Tenn.  Com- 
missioned: Captain,  John  F.  Cameron;  First  Lieutenant,  John  Eaine;  Second 
Lieutenant,  "William  F.  Bourne;  Third  Lieutenant,  Otis  II.  Smith.     Xon-eom- 

missioned:  Orderly  Sergeant,  Jerome  P.  Wilson;  Second  Sergeant, Harney; 

Third  Sergeant,  Hun-don  Cary;  Fourth  Sergeant,  Barna  B.  Blue;  First  Corporal. 
John  II.  Jarnigan;  Second  Corporal,  William  Thomas. 


GOO  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


At  Jackson,  Tenn.,  about  twenty  men  from  St.  Louis  (Camp  Jackson),  Mo., 
joined  the  company,  which  was  reorganized  and  officered  as  follows.  Commis- 
sioned: Captain,  John  F.  Cameron  (afterward  promoted  to  Lieutenant-colonel  ; 
First  Lieutenant,  William  F.  Bourne  (afterward  promoted  to  Captain,  and  second 
in  command  of  regiment);  Second  Lieutenant,  Otis  II.  Smith  (afterward  pro- 
moted to  First  Lieutenant,  and  brave  as  a  lion);  Third  Lieutenant,  Jerome  P. 
Wilson  (afterward  promoted  to  Major  in  another  command).  Non-commissioned: 
Orderly  Sergeant, Harney;  Second  Sergeant,  Hunsdon  Gary  (afterward  pro- 
moted to  Third  Lieutenant);  Third  Sergeant,  Barna  B.  Blue  (afterward  pro- 
moted to  Captain);  Fourth  Sergeant,  Bob  Shipley;  Fifth  Sergeant,  1*.  S.  Powers 
(afterward  promoted  to  Orderly  Sergeant);  First  Corporal,  John  II.  Jarnagin  (aft- 
erward promoted  to  Captain);  Second  Corporal,  Wm.  Thomas. 

At  Jackson,  Tenn.,  the  company  was  assigned  to  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Regi- 
ment, commanded  by  Col.  Charles  M.  Carroll.     This  regiment  moved  to  Uni<  n 
City,  Tenn..  where  it  was  assigned  to  Gen.  B.  F.  Cheatham's  brigade.     By  permis- 
sion of  Gen.  Cheatham  the  "Young  Guard"  were  allowed  to  be  detached  from  the 
Fifteenth  Tennessee,  and  in  June,  1861,  moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn..  where  the 
company   enlisted   for   " three  years,  or  during  the  war,''   in  Hindman's   le%ri"n, 
then  perfecting  its  organization  at   Memphis.      On   July  10,  1861,  Hindman's 
legion  left    Memphis,  having    attached  to  it  Swett's   battery,   from  Vieksburg, 
Miss.     Proceeding  to  Arkansas,  the  legion  encamped  at  Pitman's  Ferry,  Current 
River,  on  the  line  between  Arkansas  and  Missouri.     Here  the  troops  joined  and 
formed  Hardee's  brigade.     This  brigade,  about  August,  1861,  moved  into  Missouri, 
going  into  camp  near  Greenville,  awaiting  there  a  junction  with  part  of  the  Con- 
federate forces  from  Columbus,  Ky.,  when  it  was  intended  to  threaten  St.  Louis. 
While  encamped  here  Hindman's  legion  was  divided,  ten  of  the  companies  form- 
ing the  First  Arkansas  Regiment,  the  remaining  eight  companies  being  organized 
as  the  Second  Arkansas  Battalion,  the  "  Young  Guard  "  forming  part  of  the  latter. 
which  was  placed  under  command  of  Col.  John  S.  Marmaduke,  afterward  a  Major- 
general  in  the  Confederate  service.     The  movement  on  St.  Louis  being  abandoned, 
the  "Young  Guard,"  with  Hardee's  brigade,  marched  through  Southern  Missouri 
and  crossed  the  Mississippi  River  to  Columbus,  Ky.,  where,  after  remaining  in 
camp  some  days,  the  brigade,  now  commanded  by  Brig.-gen.  Thomas  C.  Hindman. 
was  ordered  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.     Here  the  Second  Arkansas  Battalion  was  re- 
enforced  by  two  companies  from  Arkansas,  and  was  reorganized  as  the  Third  Con- 
federate Regiment,  the  "  Young  Guard  "  being  known  as  Co.  B.     Hindman's  bri- 
gade was  now  sent  forward  some  thirty  miles  above  Bowling  Green  as  advance 
posts  of  Gen.   Albert  Sidney  Johnston's  army.       On   December   17,    1861,   the 
"  Young  Guard"  met  the  enemy  for  the  first  time  at  the  skirmish  near  Woodson- 
ville,  Ky.     Capt.  Cameron,  in  command  of  this  company  and  another,  deplored 
them  as  skirmisdiers,  and  met  and  drove  in  the  whole  of  Williek's  Thirty-second 
Indiana  Regiment,  the  company  going  through  the  engagement  without  the  loss 
of  a  man,  and  only  one  man  slightly  wounded,  but  killed  and  wounded  quite  a 
number  of  the  enemy.     It  was  in  this  skirmish  that  the  gallant  Col.  Terry,  i  ;' 
Terry's  Texas  Rangers,  fell.     The  company  was  in  no  other  engagement  until  the 
battle  of  Shiloh,  April  6  and  7,  1802,  in  which  battle  they  were  prominently  en- 
gaged, being  in  the  first  line  of  battle,  under  Gen.  Hardee,  and  met  with  numer- 
ous casualties.     There  were  a  number  of  the  company  killed  and  wounded  in  this 


Kegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        G01 


battle,  but  my  data  being  incomplete  I  can  only  give  a  few.  Killed:  Robert  Ship- 
ley, Fourth  Sergeant.  Wounded:  ('apt.  John  F.  Cameron,  First  Lieut.  William 
F.  Bourne,  Second  Lieut.  Otis  IT.  Smith.  Third  Lieut.  Hunsdon  Cary,  Orderly 

Sergt. Harney,  privates  John  Lenox,  George  Dent,  William  Frazier,  and 

Shea.  Though  the  list  is  incomplete,  the  fact  that  every  Commissioned  officer, 
some  of  the  non-commissioned,  and  a  number  of  privates  were  killed  or  wounded 
shows  they  met  the  enemy  bravely  and  like  Tennesseans  worthy  of  the  name. 
In  this  engagement  the  company  was  complimented  by  Col.  Marmaduke  for  con- 
spicuous braver}'.  After  this  battle  and  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  the  army 
vent  into  camp  at  Tupelo,  Miss.,  where  a  reorganization  took  place,  and  our  reg- 
iment (Third  Confederate)  formed  part  of  Wood's  brigade,  of  Alabama,  and  our 
Colonel  (Marmaduke)  having  been  assigned  to  another  command,  Lieut.-col.  H. 
V.  Keep,  of  Yicksburg,  Miss.,  succeeded  to  the  command. 

In  July,  1S62,  the  army  proceeded  to  Mobile;  thence  to  Montgomery  and  At- 
lanta, on  the  way  to  Chattanooga.  At  Atlanta  our  company  ("  Young  Guard"  and 
another  were  detailed  as  a  guard  of  honor  to  the  city,  and  as  a  guard  to  trains 
running  out  of  the  city,  our  Captain  (Cameron)  being  Provost  Marshal.  Gen. 
Bragg  having  Inaugurated  a  campaign  in  Kentucky,  the  company  rejoined  the 
.  army  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  and  shortly  afterward,  with  Gen.  E.  Kirby  Smith  in 
advance,  entered  upon  the  campaign  and  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Perryville, 
Ky.,  Oet.  8,  1SG2,  in  which  the  enemy  were  driven  from  the  field  and  our  army 
proceeded  on  its  victorious  tour.  After  -advancing  to  a  point  nearly  opposite  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  they  returned  through  Cumberland  Gap,  and  encountered  the  ene- 
my again  on  the  ensanguined  field  of  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  December  28th,  29th, 
30th,  and  31st,  1802,  In  this  battle  Lieut.  Otis  II.  Smith  received  a  very  serious 
wound  in  the  neck.  There  were  other  casualties,  but  I  have  not  the  data.  The 
company  also  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  September  20th,  1S63. 
But  to  mention  in  detail  the  various  battles  the  company  engaged  in  would  take 
more  space  than  is  allowed.  It  will  be  sufficient  to  say  that  it  was  a  part  of  Cle- 
burne's division,  and  took  part  in  all  the  marches,  skirmishes,  and  battles  that  that 
division  did  until  the  surrender  of  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  in  North  Carolina, 
in  April,  1805,  and  that  when  they  stacked  arms  for  the  last  time  there  were  only 
about  a  dozen  of  the  old  company  present,  the  rest  of  the  "Young  Guard"  having 
been  promoted,  disabled  by  wounds,  in  prison,  or  killed.  The  writer  of  this,  who 
had  the  honor  of  serving  as  a  private  in  this  company,  was  one  of  the  few  pre-ent 
at  the  surrender,  and  is  proud  to  say  that  the  remaining  representatives  of  that 
gallant  company  were  not  whipped  or  discouraged,  and  only  stacked  their  arms 
because  ordered  to  do  so  by  our  beloved  commander,  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston. 
They  would  have  gladly  obeyed  and  much  preferred  his  order  to  march  or  to  fight. 

I  find  it  impossible  to  recall,  with  a  few  exceptions,  the  names  of  my  comrades 
that  were  killed,  wounded,  or  lived  to  return  to  their  homes.  I  think  there  are 
only  three  of  the  company  living  here  in  Memphis  now — viz.:  Lieut.  Hunsdon 
Cary,  Sergt.  E.  C.  Brookshire,  and  the  writer.  In  conclusion,  I  will  give  tiie 
names  of  those  I  can  recall  that  were  killed  or  Lost  a  limb  in  the  service,  begin- 
ning with  the  original  officers — viz.:  (First  Lieutenant)  Capt.  Win.  F.  Bourne, 
brother  of  the  writer,  was  killed  on  the  22d  of  July,  1864,  in  front  of  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  while  leading  the  regiment  r.pjn  the  third  line  of  the  enemy's  work--,  receiv- 
ing four  wounds  previous  to  the  one  that  killed  him.    When  he  v, as  first  wounded 


602 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


— in  the  hand  and  arm — Color  Sergt.  Pixley,  who  was  then  carrying  the  color?, 

went  to  him  to  see  how  badly  he  was  hurt,  and  tendered  his  services  to  have  him 
cared  for,  to  which  he  replied  not  to  stop  for  him  hnt  to  go  forward  with  the  col- 
ors— his  last  order — and  both  of  them  continued  forward.  Soon  afterward  lie 
was  shot  in  the  side,  then  in  both  legs,  and  fell  on  top  of  the  enemy's  third  line 
of  works.  vYhile  lying  there  he  was  shot  in  the  head  and  killed.  Thus  perished 
a  dutiful  son,  noble  brother,  and  gallant  soldier,  in  the  bloom  of  youth  and  man- 
hood,-aged  twenty-four  years.  There  were  only  six  other  men  besides  him  and 
Sergt.  Pixley  that  reached  the  place,  and  Sergt.  Pixley  was  the  only  one  of  the 
eight  that  escaped.  The  others  were  all  killed,  and  the  colors  he  carried  were 
riddled.  After  the  fight,  wdien  the  enemy  had  fallen  back  a  few  hundred  yards, 
Sergt.  Pixley  and  the  writer  went  to  the  place  where  they  fell,  and  found  my 
brother  only  partly  buried.  We  completed  the  mournful  task,  it  being  bnpossil >\e 
then  to  remove  his  body.  (Second  Lieutenant)  First  Lieutenant  Otis  II.  Smith 
was  killed  at  Resaca  Bridge — a  brave,  dashing  soldier,  beloved  and  lamented  by 

all  who  knew  him.     Orderly  Sergt. Harney,  killed;  (Third  Sergeant;  Capt. 

Barna  B.  Blue,  lost  an  arm;  (Fifth  Sergeant)  Orderly  Sergeant  P.  S.  Powers,  lost 
an  arm;  Color  Sergt.  Pobt.  Pixley,  killed  at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  in  Hood's,  campaign 
— shot  through  the  head  while  carrying  the  colors;  John  Lenox,  lost  u  leg.  Quite 
a  number  of  the  old  company  who  escaped  death  by  leaden  messengers  have  since 
the  close  of  the  war  died  from  disease  caused  by  exposure  during  the  war,  and 
they  deserve  to  have  their  names  enrolled  among  its  victims  also.  Among  those 
I  now  recall  are  (Captain)  Lieut.-col.  John  F.  Cameron,  died  with  consumption: 
(Private)  Orderly  Sergt.  W.  A.  Red  ford,  died  with  consumption;  and  (Private) 
First  Lieutenant  John  F.  Lovin,  died  with  consumption.  For  a  great  part  of 
the  data  I  am  indebted  to  Lieut.  Hunsdon  Cary  and  Orderly  Sergt,  E.  C.  Brook- 
shire. 


TWENTY-SECOND  BATTALION  TENN.  INFANTRY. 

Official. ]  


Colonel,  T.  B.  McMurray. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Thomas  E.  Taylor. 


Chisum,  Pre3ton,  d.  Feb.  1,  1863. 
Hunter,  L.  F.,  d.  March  2G,  1*6:3. 
Anderson,  William,  d.  April  G,  1863. 
Campbell,  G.  M.,  d.  Feb.  1,  1863. 


|  Wilson,  J.  L.,  d.  Aug.  6,  1S64. 
J  Nan-is,  Bethel,  d.  June  27,  1S64. 
j  Gambrell,  John,  d.  July  20. 1864. 
I 


COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  James  S.  Gribble. 


Allen,  William,  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Cantrell,  L.  D..  k.  at  Murfreesboro. 
Wilkerson,  L.  H.,  k.  May  27,  1864. 
Nuchols,  J.  E.,  d.  Feb.  20,  1803. 


j  Webb,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  1,  1863. 
Tanner,  William,  d.  April1! o,  1S63. 
Boren,  James,  d. 
Joues,  Martin,  d.  April  15, 1363. 


COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  J   M.  Freiley. 

COM' PA  NY  D. 
Captain,  John  W.  Boss. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


G03 


COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  M.  B.  Wood. 
West,  Charles,  d.  April  15, 1863. 1  Simpson,  Joel,  d.  Feb.  15,  1863. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  O.  P.  Sohoolfield. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  E.  Hixon. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  M.  A.  Christian 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Robert  C.  Gailbreth. 


TWENTY-THIRD  BATTALION  TENN.   INFANTRY, 


OJiciaL] 


Field  ajsd  Staff. 


Colonel,  T.  W.  Newman;  Assistant  Quartermaster,  Miller  Turney;  Commissary,  Walton 
Hiles;  Surgeon,  John  Murphy;  Adjutant,  Wm.  G.  Newman. 


Gare,  Edward,  k.  at  Resaea,  Ga. 
Waggoner,  David,  d.  March  2,  1354. 
Wise,  James,  d.  Dec.  17,  18G3. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  W.  P.  Simpson. 

j  Daniel,  L.  A.,  d.  Aug.  12,  1688. 
Harper,  Thomas,  d.  Aug.  16, 1362. 


I 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  W.  T.  Powers. 


Houston,  James  H.,  k.  at  Ohiokamau, 
Forest,  W.  H.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Hane,  J.  A.,  d.  Oct..  186?. 
Sumers,  N.  S.,  d.  June,  1362. 
Terry,  J.  C,  d.  May,  1862. 
Wilson,  J.  S..  d.  Dec.  1862. 
Everton,  James,  d.  Ju'y,  1862. 
Mills,  A.  D.,  d.  July,  1862. 
McMurray,  A.  J„  d.  Jan.  24, 1863. 


Williamson,  J.,  d.  March  10,  1803. 

Hooper,  J.  H.,  d.  March  26,  18'33. 

Pudd,  B.,  d.  Aug.,  1862, 

Young,  R.  W.,  d.  July  1,  1863. 

Barnett,  W.  S.,  d. 

Rosenbaum,  Timothy,  d. 

Redd,  D.  T,  d. 

Mintou,  Leonard,  k.  at  Resaca. 

Walker,  Benjamin  L.,  k.  at  Resaca. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Thomas  J.  Stanfield. 


Shafner,  M.  D.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Tribble,  P.  W.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Nott,  J.  P.,  k.  at  Chickamauga. 
Blankenship,  W.  D.,  d. 


Gardner,  M  F.,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Troxels,  W.  S.,  k.  May  14,  1864. 
Koonce,  James  A.,  k.  May  14,  1364. 


Arvalt,  W.  J.,  k  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Lunny,  Francis,  k.  at  Marietta,  Ga 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Joseph  H.  Baxter. 

[  Ally,  J.  H.,  k.  at  Marietta,  Ga. 


Lock,  W.  C,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Smith,  J.  M.,  k.  at  Resaca,  Ga. 
Stephens,  J.  E.,  k.  at  Marietta,  Ga. 
Esliek.  William,  d.  Aue.  2,  1863, 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  J.  L.  Moore. 

Rotighton,  J.  F.,  d.  April  7,  1863. 
Ron  ah  ton.  J.  M.,  d.  April  9,  1863. 
Claxton,  Rush,  d.  Dec.  20, 1862. 


004  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


CAVALRY. 


FIRST  CONFEDERATE  CAVALRY. 

By  H.  C.  Bate,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

This  regiment  was  organized  at  Spring  Creek,  Madison  county,  Tenn.,  abotit 
the  1st  of  April,  1862,  under  an  order  from  Gen.  Albert  Sidney  Johnston.  The 
original  command  from  which  the  regiment  was  formed  was  known  as  the  First 
Kentucky  Battalion,  composed  of  troops  from  the  western  portion  of  Kentucky, 
and  commanded  by  Maj.  IT.  C.  King.  The  battalion  was  composed  of  four  com- 
panies: Cos.  A  and  B,  Captains  R.  C.  Grundy  and  James  Pell,  enlisted  in  and 
around  Paducah ;  Co.  C,  Captain  M.  Swann,  from  Calloway  county;  and  Co.  D. 
Captain  J.  IT.  Guthrie,  from  Graves  county.  To  these  were  added  Co.  E,  Captain 
C.  II.  Conner,  from  Haywood  and  Lauderdale  counties;  Co.  F,  Captain  M.  V. 
Gray,  from  Shelby  and  Henry  counties;  Co.  G,  Captain  C.  S.  Robertson,  from 
Hardin  county;  Co.  I,  Captain  M.  J.  Wicks,  from  Memphis;  and  Cos.  II  and  K, 
composed  of  Alabama  troops,  and  temporarily  attached  to  the  regiment.  These 
two  companies  were  subsequently  transferred  and  their  places  supplied  by  two 
Tennessee  companies,  viz.:  Co.  H,  Captain  George  Carter,  from  White  county; 
and  Co.  K,  Captain  J.  S.  Tyner,  from  Hamilton  county. 

At  the  organization  of  the  regiment  Col.  Thomas  Claiborne,  of  Gen.  Johnston's 
staff,  was  assigned  to  duty  as  Colonel;  Capt.  James  Pell,  of  Co.  B,  was  appointed 
Lieutenant-colonel;  Capt.  Moses  J.  Wicks,  of  Co.  I,  was  appointed  Major;  private 
IT.  C.  Bate,  of  Co.  K,  Second  Tennessee  Infantry  (Bate's),  was  appointed  Adjutant, 
with  the  rank  of  First  Lieutenant:  Z>r.  B.  F.  Lackey,  of  Ripley,  was  appointed 
Surgeon;  and  Pr.  John  H.  Ware,  of  Brownsville,  Assistant  Surgeon. 

During  the  Kentucky  campaign  of  the  fall  of  1862,  while  the  army  was  at 
Bardstown,  an  election  was  ordered  to  be  held  in  the  regiment  to  supply  vacan- 
cies in  the  field  and  staff.  At  this  election  Maj.  H.  C.  King  was  made  Colonel: 
Capt.  C.  S.  Robertson,  of  Co.  G,  was  made  Lieutenant-colonel;  and  Adjutant  II. 
C.  Bate  was  made  Major.  B.  C.  Brown,  of  Co.  F,  was  appointed  Adjutant,  but 
being  soon  after  assigned  to  other  duty,  private  John  F.  Wilkerson,  of  Co.  I,  was 
appointed  in  his  stead. 

From  its  organization,  just  before  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  the  regiment  was  con- 
nected with  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  doing  outpost  duty  during  the  campaign  suc- 
ceeding the  battle  of  Shiloh  and  the  retreat  from  Corinth.  In  the  advance  into 
Kentucky  it  was  assigned  to  duty  under  Gen.  Forrest,  and  soon  after  entering  that 
State  was  transferred  to  Gen.  Wheeler's  command,  where  it  remained  until  the 
close  of  the  campaign,  which  culminated  in  the  fall  of  Atlanta.  On  the  advance 
of  Gen.  Hood  into  Tennessee  the  regiment  was  detached  from  Gen.  Wheeler's 
corps  and  assigned  to  special  service  with  the  advancing  army,  and  shared  with  it 
the  fortunes  and  misfortunes  of  that  eventful  campaign;  and  when  the  torn  and  tat- 
tered remnant  of  that  <rrand  Army  of  the  West  recrossed  the  Tennessee  River 


itJ 


A  J  .     H.  C,   BATE 


CAPT    J  AS    W     1  R  vV 


5 


.-._/;  •.  •  '  •' 


•  - 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


go; 


and  returned  to  Corinth,  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  Gen.  W.  JL  Jackson's  di- 
vision of  Gen.  Forrest's  corps,  where  it  remained  until  the  surrender  of  that  great 
captain  at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  on  the  12th  of  May,  1805.  It  was  in  active  service- 
as  a  regiment  over  three  years,  and  from  over  a  thousand  men  on  its  rolls  at  the 
time  of  its  organization  it  surrendered  with  less  than  two  hundred  men  fit  for 
duty.     Its  history  is  a  part  of  the  glorious  history  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee. 

Note. — In  the  list  of  officers  the  following  were  inadvertently  omitted:  Sur- 
geons, Dr.  13.  F.  Lackey  (transferred),  Dr.  John  H.  Ware;  Assistant  Surgeons,  John 
II.  Ware  (promoted),  William  Hoover;  Adjutant,  B.  C.  Brown,  promoted  to  As- 
sistant Quartermaster;  Captains,  George  Carter,  J.  IT.  Ammonett;  Second  Lieu- 
tenants, 1L  W.  Reynolds,  It.  L.  Mitchell,  John  Kiley,  J.  W.  Wheeler,  J.  L.  Good- 
bar.  Second  Lieutenant  Joseph  Sevier  should  have  been  reported  killed  at  Deca- 
tur, Ga.  It  is  much  regretted  that  the  regimental  books  containing  complete 
muster-rolls  of  the  regiment  from  its  organization  were  lost  with  Gen.  Wheeler's 
train  during  the  last  campaign  in  North  Carolina.  Most  of  the  record  herewith 
published  is  from  personal  recollections. 


From  Gen.  Joseph  Wheeler. 

List  of  officers  killed  or  died  of  exposure  or  wounds,  wounded  in  battle,  promoted,  trans- 
ferred, resigned,  etc.,  during  the  war: 

Colonels. 
Claiborne,  Thomas  F.,  transferred.  j  King,  H.  Clay. 

Lay,  John  T.,  transferred.  }  Cox,  John  T. 


Pell,  James,  resigned. 


Wicks,  M.  J.,  transferred. 
Chalmers,  A.  II.,  resigned. 


LlEUTENANT-COI.ONELS. 

I  Robertson,  C.  S. 


Majors. 

I  Bate,  H.  C,  wounded  at  llurfreesboro. 


Bate,  H.  C,  promoted  September,  1862. 

King,  H.  Clay,  promoted. 

Grundy,  R.  C,  resigned. 

Boyd,  Felix  G. 

Pell,  James,  promoted. 

Husbands,  J.  H. 

Swann,  Minsnh.  k.  at  Perryville,  Ky. 

Guthrie,  J.  H-,  resigned. 

Nanny,  W.  J. 


Adjutants. 

j  Wilkerson,  John  F 

Captains. 

Conner,  Charles  H. 

Gray,  Jr.  V.,  resigned. 

Robertson,  C.  S.,  promoted. 

Irwin,  James  U. 

Wicks,  M.  J.,  promoted. 

Bettis,  A.C. 

Jackson.  T.  S.,  k.  at  Blackland,  Mis3. 

Tyner,  J.  S. 


Grundy,  R.  C,  promoted. 

Boyd,  F.  G,  promoted. 

Futrell,  J.  F.,  k.  nt  Williamsburg,  Ky. 

PI  urn  lee.  Wm.  T. 

Husband?,  J.  H.,  promoted. 

Hardin,  R.  EL,  wounded  at  Booneville,  Miss 

Wilkinson,  F.  M. 

McPherson,  Arch. 

Nanny,  W.  J  ,  promoted. 

Boydston, ,  resigned. 

Allen,  Robert. 


First  Lieutenants. 

i  Johnson,  Robert. 

j  Johnson, . 

I  Rogers, . 

I  Irwin,  Jnmes  W. 
J  Forrest.  .7. 

Tnckson,  T.  9.,  promoted. 

Bettis,  A.  C,  promoted. 

Este*,  L.  N,  wounded  at  New  Hope.  Ga. 

Anderson,   ,    wounded    at   Pumpkm-wn>: 

Creek.  Ga. 


606 


Military  Anxals  of  Tennessee. 


Second  Lieutenant* 


Boyd,  F.  G.,  promoted. 

Pell,  Wm.  H.,  promoted. 

Plumlf-e,  Wm.  T.,  resigned. 

Jone.*,  J.  K.,  wounded  at  Resaea,  Ga. 

Clarke,  \V.  C. 

McCune.  Alex. 

Hardin,  K.  H.,  promoted. 

Jones,  James,  k.  accidentally., 

Kelly,  J.  F. 

West,  James  H. 

Yow,  J.  B.,  k.-at  Pari-;.  Term. 

McFherson,  Archibald,  promoted. 


Allen,  Robert,  promoted. 

Carson,  T.  B. 

Ricks.  Robert. 

Sinclair,  Frank  Bf. 

Pillow,  S.  D. 

Forrest,  J.,  promoted. 

Sevier,  Jos. 

Hardin, . 

Bettis,  A.  C,  promoted. 

E.tes,  L.  N. 

Douglass,  J.  E..  transferred. 

2s'olaiid,  R.  C,  wounded  ac  La  Vergne,  Term. 


FIRST  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY, 

Bv  James  E.  Carter,  Knoxville,  Tenn. 


The  Third  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry  »vas  organized  in  1861:  Wm.  Brazel- 
ton,  Lieutenant-colonel,  commanding;  James  Bradford,  Major.  J.  A.  Goldy, 
Captain  Co.  A;  Burt.  Lenty,  Captain  Co.  B;  Wm.  Snow,  Captain  Co.  C;  John 
Robertson,  Captain  Co.  I>;  Tim  Bradley,  Captain  Co.  E;  Charley  Baker,  Captain 
Co.  F.  Reorganized  April,  18G2:  Jas.  E.  Carter,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Onslow 
Bean,  Major.  A.  M.  Gofortn,  Captain  Co.  A;  G.  B.  Keys,  Captain  Co.  B;  John 
B.  King,  Captain  Co.  C;  W.  S.  Greer,  Captain  Co.  D;  Elbert  Hurst,  Captain  Co. 
E;  Tim  Bradly,  Captain  Co.  F. 

The  First  Regiment  Tennessee  Cavalry,  C.  S.  A.,  was  organized  in  October, 
1S62:  Jas.  E.  Carter,  Colonel;  Onslow  Bean,  Lieutenant-colonel;  A.  Ml  Gofortb, 
Major;  "W.  W.  Giddens,  Captain  and  Assistant  Quartermaster;  H.  C.  Greer,  Cap- 
tain and  Assistant  Commissary;  J.  I).  Carter,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant.  G.  B. 
Keys,  Captain  Co.  A;  S.  J.  Wheeler,  First  Lieutenant;  M.  G.  DcDonald,  Second 
Lieutenant;  E.  S.  Morrill,  Third  Lieutenant.  John  B.  King,  Captain  Co.  B;  W. 
S.  Montgomery,  First  Lieutenant;  F.  Gardenhire,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  Tur- 
ner, Third  Lieutenant.  R.  S.  Vandyke,  Captain  Co.  C;  J.  A.  Turley,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; A.  J.  Thompson,  Second  Lieutenant;  W.  T.  Miller,  Third  Lieutenant. 
W.  S.  Greer,  Captain  Co.  D;  Floyd  McDonald,  First  Lieutenant.  John  Jarna- 
gin,  Captain  Co.  E;  I).  C.  Smart,  First  Lieutenant;  Alex.  Monroe,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; James  Kilts,  Third  Lieutenant.  Frank  Fulkerson,  Captain  Co.  F;  L. 
W.Jennings,  First  Lieutenant;  Wm.  Latham,  Second  Lieutenant;  Wm.  Lewis 
Third  Lieutenant.  A.  R.  Wiggs,  Captain  Co.  G;  C.  Cate,  First  Lieutenant;  Wm. 
Hut  ton,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  M.  Kidd,  Third  Lieutenant.  David  Neff,  Captain 
Co.  H;    T.  Coursey,  First  Lieutenant;   D.  C.  Tolly,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.   T. 

Thomas,  Third  Lieutenant.     William  Wallace,  Captain  Co.  I;  Carnes,  First 

Lieutenant.  R.  M.  Swearingen,  Captain  Co.  K;  Pryor  Gammon,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; S.  M.  Inm-'.n,  Second  Lieutenant;  T.  D.  Fox,  Third  Lieutenant.  The  fol- 
lowing two  companies  were  added  to  the  regiment  in  the  latter  part  of  1363,  and 
did  efficient  service:  Co.  L — William  Blackburn,  Captain;  William  Gibson,  First 

Lieutenant; Shoemaker,  Second  Lieutenant.    Co.  M — Ed.  Gammon.  Captain; 

D.  D.  Anderson,  First  Lieutenant;  David  Taylor,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  Tay- 
lor, Third  Lieutenant. 


BeGDTEXTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  PtOLLS.  C07 


After  the  death  of  Major  Goforth,  Capt.  John  B.  King  was  Major  of  the  regi- 
ment. After  Major  King  was  killed,  Captain  K.  S.  Vandyke  became  Major  of 
the  regiment.  After  Major  Vandyke  was  killed,  the  oflioe  was  vacant  until  the 
close  of  the  war.  Alter  the  promotion  of  Capt.  King  to  the  Majority  of  the  reg- 
iment, Lieut.  W.  S.  Montgomery  became  Captain  of  Co.  15.    After  the  promotion 

of  Capt.  Vandyke  to  the  Majority  of  the  regiment, was  Captain  of  Co. 

C.  D.  C.  Smart  became  Captain  of  Co.  E  after  Capt.  Jarnagin  was  killed.  J.  M. 
Kidd  was  Captain  of  Co.  G  at  the  close  of  the  war.  T.  Coursey  was  Captain  of 
Co.  II  at  the  close  of  the  war. 

The  death-roll  of  the  regiment  is  as  follows: 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 
Miller.  Lieut  W.  T.,  k.  at  Baker's  Creek,  Mi??.,  ;  McDonald,  Lieut.  Floyd,  k.  in  the  Valley  of 

May  1G.  1863.  Virginia,  1804. 

Goforth,  Maj.  A.  M.,  k.  at  Mossy  Creek,  Tenn..  I  Gammon.  Capt.  Ed.,  k.  at  Morristown.  TVnn., 

Dec,  1863.  !      Oct.  28,  1804. 

Kins,  Maj.  J.  B.,  k.  at  Piedmont,  Va.,  June  5,  !  Bean.  Lieut.-col.  Onslow,  k.  at   Marion,  Va., 

1SG4.  j      Dec.  1861. 

Jarnagin,  Capt.  John,  k.  at  Piedmont,  Va.,  June  *  Thomas,  Lieut.  J.  T.,  k.  in  Green  ceunty,  Tenn.. 

5,  1SG4.  j      Jan.,  18G5. 

Vandyke,  Maj.  R.  S-,k.  at  White  Post,  Va.,  Aug.,  [ 

1SG4. 

COMPANY  A. 
Caper,  Willis,  k.  at  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  Dec.  J  Hohack,  Will,  k.  at  Piedmont,  Va.,  Tune  3. 1864. 

29,  1862.  \  Geist,  John,  k.  at  Morristovrn,  Tenn..  1864. 

Finn,  John  FL,  k.at  Piedmont,  Va.,  June?,  1SG4. 1  Barton,  Oscar,  k.  at  Marion,  Va.,  Pec^lSG4. 

COMPANY  B. 
Roberts,  David,  k.  at  South  Fork  of  Cumber-  !  Adams,  A.,  k.  at  Piedmont,  Va.,  June  5,  1-864. 

land  River  ( Kyi,  1861.  j  Luttreil,  Jo.,  k.  near  Dalton,  Ga.,  1864. 

Boyd,  Hiram,  k.at  South  Fork  oC  Cumberland  ;  Rhea.  Jas..  k.  near  Chattanooga,  Oct..  I8G3. 

River  (Ky.),  1861.  |  Winset,  Wm.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro.  Tenn.,  Dec, 

Potter,  Silas,  k.  at  Blue  Springs,  Tenn.,  Sept.,  j      1862. 

18G3.  Reinhart, ,  k.  at  Piedmont,  Va.,  June  5, 

Trew,  Tom,  k.  at  Somerset,  Ky.,  1S62.  I      1SG4. 

COMPANY  C. 
Coats,  Newton,  k.  at  Tazewell,  Tenn..  1852.  I  Smith,    Hezekiah,    k.   at  Strawberry    Plains, 

Lane,  W.  P.,  k.  ac  White  Po>r,  Va.,  Aug.,  18G4.   |      Tenn.,  Nov.,  1SG.3. 

COMPANY  D. 
Piatt,  Henry  P.,  k.  at  Big  Creek  Gap,  Tenn..  j  Henderson,  Harvy,  regimental  bugler,  k.   at 
Aug.  30.  1862.  ,       j      Piedmont,  Va.,  June  5,  18G4. 

COMPANY  E. 
Beeler,  Isaac,  k.  at  Cumberland  Gap,  180:!.  Blackwell,  Jake,  ic.  at  Marion,  Va..  Pee..  1861. 


Graham,  Sam,  k.  at  Piedmont,    Va.,  June 
18G4. 


McBee,  John.  k.  at  Newtown,  Va..  Aug.  11, 1S<U 
Hankins.  John,  k.  at  Piedmont,  Va.,  June  5. 
^  1864.  i 

COMPANY  G. 
Fron,  R..  k.  at  Somerset,  Ky.,  March  31,  1863. 

COMPANY  K. 
Culpepper.  D.  HMk.  on  picket  (Ky.),  Jan.,  1862.1  Watkins,  Carlow,  k.  at  Murfreesboro,  Pec.  27, 

1     186-2. 

The  regiment  was  in  some  severe  fighting  in  Tennessee,  Kentucky,  and  Vir- 
ginia.    Was  on  the  campaign  in  Kentucky  with  Gen.  E.  K.  Smith,  in  1862.    Was 


COS 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


in  the  main  battle  of  Murfreesboro,  under  the  gallant  Gen.  John  Pegram.  Was 
detached  from  the  brigade  and  sent  with  Gen.  Wheeler  in  rear  of  the  enemy's 
lines,  where  it  did  some  very  effective  work.  Co.  C,  Capt.  Vandyke's,  was  in 
the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  where  it  did  valuable  service.  Co.  K,  Capt.  Swearin- 
gen,  was  with  Gen.  Johnston  on  his  memorable  march  from  Dalton,  Ga.,  to  At- 
lanta, and  did  some  hard  fighting.  The  regiment  also  fought  gallantly  while  in 
the  Valley  of  Virginia,  beginning  with  Piedmont — or,  as  the  Federals  call  it,  New 
Hope  Church.  In  this  battle  the  regiment  suffered  heavy  loss  in  officers  and  men. 
Then  we  were  in  the  memorable  campaign  under  Gen.  Early  against  Washington, 
and  afterward  with  him  all  through  his  valley  campaign.  There  was  no  better 
fighting  material  in  the  Confederate  army  than  this  regiment. 

Co.  A  was  made  up  in  Khea  county;  Co.  B,  in  Hamilton  county;  Co.  C,  in  Me- 
Minn  county;  Co.  L>.  in  Rhea  and  Bledsoe  counties;  Co.  E,  in  Union  and  Knox 
counties;  Co.  F,  in  Claiborne  county;  Co.  G,  in  Blount  county ;  Co.  H,  in  Jefferson 
county;  Co.  I,  in  Blount  county;  Co.  K,  in  Jefferson  county;  Co.  L,  in  Claiborne 
county;  Co.  M,  in  Washington,  Sullivan,  and  Carter  counties. 


Official.'] 


First  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Colonel,  James  E.  Carter. 


Duncan,  Robert,  d.  March  8,  1862. 

Holmes,  George  W.,  d.  July  3,  1862,  at  Bean's 

Station. 
Rogers,  W.  L,  d.  March  0,  1S62. 


COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  A.  M.  Goforth.  ' 

Taylor,  J.  T..  d.  at  Cumberland  Gap. 
Wilson,  William,  d.  April  20,  1802. 
While,  William,  d.  at  Wallace's  Cross-roads, 
Aug.  16,  1862. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captains:  Burt.  Lenty  and  John  B.  King. 


Farmer,  D.  W.,  d.  Aug.  15, 1802. 
Ward,  J.  H,  accidentally  shot. 
Bunn,  T.   H,  d.  Aug.  28,  1862,   at  Fincastle, 
Tenn. 


Dillahunty,  James,  k.  in  action,  Sept.l,  1862. 
Patterson,  William,  d.  March  20,  1862,  at  Fir.- 
ca:-tlp,  Tenn. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captains:  Richard  S.  Vandyke  and  William  F.  Gass. 
Denton,  A.,  d.  June  8.  1863,  at  Vicksburg.  I  Henry,  Addison,  d.  Jan.  24,  1362,  at  Livingston, 

Colter,  Alexander  A.,  d.  April  12,  1862.  j      Tenn. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  John  Robertson. 
Norris,  W.  D.,  d.  March,  1862,  at  Cumberland  j  Smith,  Jacob,  d.  March  18,  1S62. 
Gap.  -  ' 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  S.  Greer. 
Piatt,  Henry  P.,  k.  by  bush-whackers,  Aug.  30,  f  Koust,  W.  T.,  d.  June  5,  1862,  at  Kingston. 

1862,  at  Big  Creek  Gap.  I  Basseit*  W.  W.,  d.  July  14,  1882,  at  Wallace's 

Henry,  A.  L.,  d.  at  Livingston,  Tenn.,  Feb.  25,  j     Cross-roads,  Tenn. 
1862. 

COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  F.  Fulkersoo. 

Tucker,  J.  P.,  d.  June  28,  ISG2. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.        609 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  A.  R.  Wiggs. 

Trow,  R.,  k.  March  31,  1863,  at  Somerset,  Ky. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  David  N'eff. 
Higg5,  J.  N.  B.,  d.  March  26,  1862,  at  Henry  I  Wiiison,  John,  d.  Feb.  28,  18C2,  at  Paris,  Tenn. 
Station,  j  Fret-man,  W.  A.,  d.  April  1, 1SC2,  at  home. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  William  Wallace. 

Jones,  A.  W.  B.,  d.  Sept.  1,  1S62. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  R.  M.  Swearingen. 

Delashnnt,  G.  B.,  d.  Aug.  4,  I8G2.  j  MeEenzie,  J.  C,  d.  April  30,  1SG2. 

Loyd,  J.  C,  d.  April  27,  ISO-'. 


FIRST  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY." 

Official.']  

Colonel,  James  T.  Wheeler. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  G-  M.  V.  Kinzer. 

COMPANY  B. 

Lieutenant,  W.  P.  Wagoner. 
< 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Thomas  B.  Wiison. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  L.  K.  Hooper. 

White,  W  R..  k.  near  Columbia,  Term.,  Oct.  12,  1864. 

The  following  memoranda  appear  on  one  of  the  muster-rolls,  under  the  heading  of  "Rec- 
ord of  Events:" 

"This  company  participated  in  all  the  different  engagements  along  the  line  of  the  Chatta- 
hooche  Ri.er  and  around  Atlanta,  Ga.,  up  to  the  10th  of  August,  1S64.  Moved  thence  with  the 
regiment,  under  command  of  Gen.  Wheeler,  to  rear  of  enemy  in  North  Georgia,  to  Ballon; 
thence  to  East  Tennessee  about  Knoxville,  crossing  the  Hiawassee,  Tennessee,  French  Broad. 
Holston,  and  Clinch  rivers;  thence  across  Cumberland  .Mountains  to  a  point  near  Nashville, 
in  Middle  Tennessee;  from  thence  to  South  Florence,  Ala.,  crossing  Tenne^ee  River  at  Coi- 
bert  Shoals;  having  marched  a  distance  of -.bout  eight  hundred  miles  from  August  10th  to 
September  6th.  The  regiment,  having  been  temporarily  transferred  to  Gen.  Forrest's  com- 
mand, crossed  Tennessee  River  in  rear  r>f  the  enemy's  lines,  participated  in  the  various  en- 
gagements and  captures  made  by  bis  command  in  North  Alabama  and  Middle  Tetines-ee.  and 
recrossed  the  river  Oct.  8,  IStMt,  with  orders  to  join  Maj.-gen.  Wheeler's  command  in  North 
Georgia.  Moved  across  Alabama,  to  Gadsden,  Ala.  Since  August  10th  the  company  has 
marched  at  least  two  thousand  mile.",  been  almost  continuously  in  the  saddle,  participated  in 
all  of  the  various  engagements  of  Wheeler's  cavairy  with  Gen.  Sherman's  command,  from 
Griffin  to  Savannah,  Ga." 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  James  T.  Polk. 
Dandridge,  A.  B..  d.  Oct.  18,  1863.  Maxell.  W.  M-,  k.  June  23,  1864.' 

Shaddin,  A.  E.,  k.  by  bush-whackers.  Nov.  14,    Str.ith,  .1.  R..  d.  a  prisoner. 
lS&J.  Turner,  Ned,  d.  at  hospital. 


Davis,  J.  II.,  k.  while  on  a  raid,  Sept.  2.",  1863. 


*  For  jjftetch  of  W'nce.er'a  Firs'.  Tennessee  CavaJrr  se«  piga  i 


33 


610 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  A.  G.  Freeman. 

Howser,  L.,  k.  by  the  fitoemy  near  New  Hope  Church,  Ga.,  May  27,  18G4. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captains:  J.  M.  Mitchell  and  \Y.  P.  Duncan. 

HiteheU,Capt.  J. ~M.,d.  Feb. .1,1884.  I  Whittlngton,  William  J.,  d.  near  Davistown. 

Kenteh,  iMnfrl  F.,  k.  in  notion  June  4,  1SG:J.  Ala.,  Aug.  17,  1SG4.      • 

Sparks,  Thomas  J.,  k.  Pee.  4,  l^Gl.  j 

COMPANY  P. 

Captain,  Robert  K.  Jones. 

Harris,  Charles,  d.  at  Atlanta,  Ga .,  June  20,  1864. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  Hartwelt  F.  Barham. 

Hayden,  Lieut.  John  C,  k.  in  a  difMciiky,  in  Perry  county.  Term.,  Oct.  25,  1863. 

COMPANY  K. 

Cap  rain,  D.  C.  Myers. 

Morris^E.  F.,  d.  March,  1864.  fBrunson,  ,J.  S.  P.,  k.  near  Sandersviile,  Ga., 

Anderson,  R.  C  k.  N<>\\  28,  1SG4.  I      Nov.  SB,  1*G4. 

Webb,  T.  B.,  k.  Jime  2U,  leG4.  [ 

From  Gent.  Joseph  \\ "heeler. 

List  of  offieprs  killed  or  died  of  exposure  or  wounds,  wounded  in  battle,  promoted,  trans- 
ferred, resigned,  etc.,  during  trie  war: 

Colonel. 
"Wheeler,  James  T.,  wounded  in  battle  at  Holly  Springs,  Dec.  20,  1862. 

LtKlTENANT-COLONEL. 

Lewis.  James  H. 

Major. 
Dobbins,  Joseph. 

Adjutant. 
Frierson,  W.  J.,  jr. 
Captains. 
Wheeler,  James  T.,  promoted  and  wounded.     !  Barham.  IP  F.,  wounded  near  Tenn.  Hid. 
•Lewis,  James  IP,  promoted.  j  Myers,  P.  C. 

Kinzer,  G.  W.,  wounded   at   Franklin,  Tenn.,  ;  Jones.  P.  M. 

April  I,  1863.  -  j  Caldwell,  S.  Y. 

Hooper,  Lenn, wounded  in  Georgia.  May  2.1S62.  j  Heiss.  J.  H. 


Polk,  James. 

Freeman,  A.  G.,  wounded  at  New  Hope,  Ga., 

May  27,  186-3. 
Mitchell,  J.  M.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Augusta,  Ga., 


Davis,  Thomas,  wounded  at  Henryvilh 

April.  ISdo. 
Ahernrtcny.  James  E. 
Bennett.  O. 


Feb.  1,1 8C4. 

Fussell,  Joe  H. 

Warfield,  B. 

Duncan,  W.  B. 

Burns,  E.  M. 

Cochran,  James. 

Rains,  B. 

Nave,  Doc. 

Caldwell,  S.  Y.,  promoted. 


Burns,  E.  M.,  promoted. 
Johnson,  W.  A. 
Heiss,  J.  H.,  promoted. 
Aldison,  W.  11.,  d.  in  prison  .-hip  off  Charles-!  Dobbins,  Newton 
ton,  1863.  '  Brvaut.  T.  J.  B. 


I  Duncan,  U.  R. 

FlKST    LtErTEVANTS. 

Wilson,  James,  wounded  at  Denmark.  West 

Tenn.,  S^pt.  0,  18G2. 
Aldrick,  M.C. 
Wall,  James  J.  N. 
Gardner,  C.  R..  k.  May,  1865. 
Dobbins,  Joseph,  promoted, 
Myers,  D.  C,  promoted. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

t  Butler,  John  D. 


Nave,  Doe.,  promoted. 
!  Farmer,  J.  N.  M. 


Regimental  Histokies  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


611 


Alexander,  Jesp. 

Kinzer,  W.  F..  promoted  nnd  vrounded. 
John-son,  G.,  wounded  ;it  FnmkNn,  ISO'3. 
Gardner,  C.  K.,  promoted  and.  k. 


Webster,  X.  B.,  Wounded  July  13,  1864. 
•Jon< ■>,  R.  M.,  promoted. 

Stalling?,  G.  W.,  wounded  at  New  Hope,  On. 
June27,I8G4. 


SECOND  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY, 

By  Geo.  F.  Hager,  Nashville,  Tenn. 


On'  the  7th  of  June.  1862,  at  Fulton,  Mi??.,  the  First  Battalion  of  Tennessee 
Cavalry,  consisting  of  five  companies,  and  the  Eighth  Battalion,  of  seven  compa- 
nies, were  consolidated,  and  formed  tin1  Second  Regiment  of  Tennessee  Cavalry, 
and  reenlisted  for  the  war.  The  First  Battalion  had  been  organized  at  Nashville, 
May  23,  1861,  and  the  Seventh  Battalion  at  Epperson  Springs,  October  19,  1861. 
Both  had  been  in  active  service  in  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  then  in  the  battles 
of  Shiloh,  Farraington,  Monterey,  and  Booneville,  Miss.,  and  other  places  in  and 
around  Corinth  during  the  stay  of  our  army  there.  By  the  consolidation  seven 
companies  of  about  one  hundred  men  each  were  formed.  Afterward  three  "West 
Tennessee  companies  were  added — companies  IT,  1.  and  K.  The  regiment,  when 
complete,  was  as  follows: 

Field  and  stall  o-::eers:  C.  R.  Barteau,  Colonel;  Geo.  PI.  Morton,  Lieutenant- 
colonel:  Win.  Parish,  Major;  T. -A.  Smith,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant;  L.  O.  El- 
liott, Quartermaster;  J.  M.  Ilugdies,  Surgeon;  J.  W.  Harrison,  Assistant  Surgeon; 
S.  C.  Tally,  Chaplain. 

Co.  A:  N.  Oswell,  Captain;  Thos.  C.  Adkisson,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  II.  French, 
Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  T.  B.  Cmlerwood,  Captain;  G.  X.  Smithson,  First  Lieutenant;  S.  B. 
Wall,  J.  D.  Core,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  C:  M.  W.  McKnight,  Captain;  H.  L.  W.  Turney,  First  Lieutenant;  Sam- 
Denis,  J.  S.  Harrison.  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  I>:  W.  T.  Rickman,  Captain;  Geo.  Love,  First  Lieutenant;  F.  W.  Youree, 
T.  R.  Love,  Second  Lieutenants.  - 

Co.  E:  W.  A.  DeBow,  Captain;  Geo.  E.  Seay,  First  Lieutenant;  R.  B.Dobbins, 
T.  J.  Carmon,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  F:  John  A.  Brinkley,  Captain;  Jas.  F.  Austin,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  E. 
Deming,  Nnse  Pennell,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  G:  Thos.  Puryear,  Captain;  J.  M.  Eastess,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  W.  Lip.— 
comb,  B.  II.  Moore,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  II:  B.  Edward-,  Captain;  J.  Bedford,  First  Lieutenant;  E.  Lassiter,  J.  L. 
Stubblefield,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  I:  S.  W.  Reeves,  Captain;  Win.  Latimer,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  II.  Bettiefc, 
W.  C.  Roberts,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  K:  O.  B.  Fafris,  Captain;  J.  H.  Xeal,  First  Lieutenant;  F.  M.  McCrea,  II. 
Pry  or,  Second  Lieutenants. 

The  selection  of  officers  was  made  from  men  of  experience.  Our  Colonel  was 
taken  from  the  rank-,  all  knowing  him  to  be  a  i: soldier,"  as  also  the  most  of  the 
other  officers.  Some  changes  in  the  organization  will  he  noted  hereafter.  It 
would  be  impossiijle  to  give  all  the  changes,  as  but  few  otiieers  occupied  the  posi- 


G12 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


tions  :it  the  close  as  above  recorded.  A  large  majority  having  been  killed  or  dis- 
abled, there  were  many  promotions  of  officers,  and  of  privates  from  the  line,  to  fill 
the  stations  vacated. 

During  the  summer  for  a  few  weeks  Col.  Barteau  was  sick  at  Guntown,  Miss. 
The  regiment  was  commanded  by  Lieut.-col.  Morton.  Bragg's  armv  had  now 
been  generally  reorganized.  We  were  placed  in  the  brigade  of  Gen.  Frank  Arm- 
strong. Our  first  engagement  as  the  Second  Regiment  was  in  West  Tennessee, 
near  Middleton,  where  we  moved  up  in  solid  line,  each  and  every  man  feeling 
that  here  we  were  starting  the  history  and  character  of  the  new  organization,  and 
determined  to  inscribe  on  our  banner,  ''The  first  engagement — on  victory's  side/' 
We  made  three  charges  mounted  without  success,  until  the  command — afterward 
familiar — Ci  Prepare  to  fight  on  foot"  was  given.  Then  the  day  was  ours,  and  the 
inscription  headed,  as  we  determined  it  should  be,  on  victory's  side.  We  had 
other  engagements  on  the  trip — at  Medon  and  Britton's  Lane — all  proving  suc- 
cessful. 

Returning  from  West  Tennessee  we  went  to  Alabama,  where,  after  a  short  en- 
gagement at  Courtland,  we  captured  two  or  three  companies  of  cavalry,  camp 
equipage,  etc.  On  the  20th  of  September  we  were  with  Gen.  Price  in  the  battle 
of  Iukn,  Mis?.,  also  taking  an  active  part  in  the  engagement  at  Cripple  Deer,  on 
the  retreat.  Our  next  hard  fighting  was  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  on  the  4th  and  5th  of 
October.  Our  position  in  the  line  was  just  south  of  Corinth,  with  two  Alabama 
companies  and  a  battalion  of  Mississippi  cavalry,  under  Col,  Barteau,  who  had 
orders  from  Gen.  Van  Dorn  that  when  the  attack  was  made  from  the  west  we 
should  cross  Tuscumbia  River,  and  advance  upon  the  place  as  far  as  possible. 
Hearing  the  ring  of  Price's  musketry  on  the  west,  Col.  Barteau  moved  promptly 
forward  with  his  demi-brigadc,  crossing  the  stream  and  dashing  in  behind  the 
brea.-tworks  upon  the  enemy's  encampment  and  wagon  and  baggage  guards.  Aft- 
er a  brisk  engagement — close  pi-tol-range,  then  hand-to-hand — having  captured 
a  large  number  of  ammunition-wagons  and  prisoners,  we  fell  back  just  in  time  to 
recross  the  stream  before  beins:  intercepted  by  a  much  larger> force  of  the  enemy 
withdrawn  for  that  purpose  from  the  main  battle.  We  were  successful  in  bring- 
ing off  our  captures,  and  then  took  part  on  the  main  line. 

After  this  battle  we  were  stationed  south  of  Corinth,  most  of  the  time  with  no 
support,  and  with  very  little  at  any  time.  We  had  to  meet  various  raiding  parties 
of  Federal  cavalry  seeking  to  destroy  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad  or  to  forage 
upon  and  lay  waste  that  rich  prairie  region  of  country  behind  us.  This  kept  us 
constantlv  in  the  saddle  scouting  and  skirmishing,  with  several  warm  engagements 
at  Baldwvn,  Booneville,  Guntown,  Saltillo,  Rieuzi,  and  Bay  Springs,  where  we 
numbered  among  our  losses  some  of  our  best  men.  When  Gen.  Van  Dorn  passed 
out  of  Mississippi  into  Middle  Tennessee  we  were  still  left  to  protect  that  sec- 
tion of  country  and  keep  up  railroad  connection  with  Mobile,  Ala.,  and  via  Merid- 
ian, to  Vicksburg,  much  to  our  regret,  as  we  were  exceedingly  anxious  to  get  on  our 
native  soil.  We  had  a  very  large  scope  of  country  to  overlook,  and  a  very  im- 
portant one  to  Vicksburg,  as  a  vast  amount  of  her  supplies  were  shipped  from 
this  section.  The  Federals  being  apprised  of  that  were  consequently  trying  to 
cut  them  off.  Our  engagements  with  the  enemy's  cavalry  during  this  time  were 
more  numerous — either  light  or  heavy  skirmishing  almost  daily;  and  oftentimes 
true  brarerv  an  1  strategy  were  displayed  more  notably  than  you  would  see  in  the 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


613 


larger  battles.  This  order  of  affairs  was  kept  up  until,  on  the  17th  of  April,  1S63, 
Gen.  Grierson,  in  command  of  a  large  body  of  Federal  cavalry,  started  from  La 
Grange,  Tenn.,  on  a  raid  through  Mississippi.  At  this  time  the  regiment  was 
widely  scattered  on  outpost  duty,  which  necessity  demanded  to  protect  the  coun- 
try; but  in  all  Col.  Barteau,  with  the  past  few  months'  experience,  had  effected 
a  complete  system  of  discipline  by  which  the  entire  regiment  could  be  concen- 
trated on  a  very  short  notice.  So  on  the  news  of  Grierson  s  advance  we  were 
hastily  collected,  and  made  an  effort  to  intercept  him  at  Pontotoc.  Failing  in 
this,  we  succeeded  on  the  20th  in  cutting  off  from  his  main  force  eight  hundred 
or  more  of  Iowa  troops  under  Col.  Hatch,  and  attacking  him  at  Palo  Alto,  below 
Starkville,  Miss.  Our  attack  would  have  been  complete,  and  we  would  have  capt- 
ured his  whole  command,  had  not  a  battalion  of  Mississippi  State  troops,  which 
had  joined  us  on  the  march,  given  way  in  disorder  on  one  side  as  we  charged  on 
the  other.  We  had  him  forced  between  two  hedges,  with  only  one  outlet,  hut  as 
it  was  we  gave  him  a  lively  chase,  and  forced  him  to  take  the  back  track,  we  be- 
ing between  him  and  Grierson.  He  next  made  a  stand  at  Birmingham,  above 
Okolona,  as  we  pressed  him  back  to  La  Grange.  Here,  after  a  brisk  light  over  a 
bridge  and  in  a  swamp,  we  routed  him  again,  killing  thirty  of  his  men  and  taking 
fifty  prisoners.  Hatch  tiien  made  a  straight  run  for  Memphis,  not  stopping  a: 
La  Grange.  The  head  of  our  column  was  now  reversed  to  look  after  Gen.  Griers«  m, 
but  we  soon  learned  that  he  had  pushed  rapidly  through  Mis>is>ippi,  an  open  and 
unprotected  country,  with  three  thousand  men,  to  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  a  distance  of 
about  eight  hundred  miles,  in  about  sixteen  days. 

We  now  assumed  our  old  lines,  and  on  the  10th  of  May,  at  Spring  Creek,  near 
Tupelo,  Miss.,  the  regiment,  unsupported  by  any  other  troops,  met  and  defeated 
another  raiding  party  from  Corinth  eighteen  hundred  strong,  with  light  artillery. 
The  regiment  fought  on  foot  under  Lieut.-col.  Morton,  except  two  mounted  c<  ;;.- 
panies  that  were  led  by  Col.  Barteau  in  a  charge  upon  the  enemy's  right  flank, 
which  caused  them  to  break  in  some  disorder.  Seeing  this,  Col.  Morton  quickly 
mounted,  and  we  drove  the  enemy  back  through  Tupelo,  capturing  two  of  their 
guns  and  a  number  of  prisoners.  Our  loss  was  comparatively  small.  On  the  20th 
of  June  we  encountered  a  similar  force  a  short  distance  north-west  of  Guntown. 
The  fight  began  about  noon  in  a  thick,  swampy  bottom.  We  soon  drove  them 
across  Mud  Creek,  killing  and  capturing  in  all  about  seventy-five  men.  Destroy- 
ing the  bridge  and  deserting  two  guns,  they  hastily  retreated.  Our  loss  was  light 
— few  killed  and  wounded. 

Our  next  operations  of  any  special  importance  were  in  Xorth  Alabama,  under 
Gen.  S.  D.  Lee,  where  we  had  a  great  deal  of  hard  lighting  near  Florence.  Mem- 
orable to  all  of  the  '"Old  Second"  will  be  the  engagement  at  Cherokee,  on  the 
23d  of  October,  where  we  mourned  to  number  among  our  lest  that  noble  and  gen- 
erous Capt.  Thos.  Puryear,  of  Co.  G.  Here  he  received  his  death-wound  at  the 
head  of  his  company,  with  drawn  saber  urging  forward  to  victory.  We  were  right- 
ing superior  numbers,  which  he  knew,  and  just  as  he  received  his  wound  the  regi- 
ment was  temporarily  forced  back.  Private  John  P.  Mills  and  myself  rushed  to 
him,  determined  he  should  not  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  when  htr  urged 
us  to  leave  him  and  save  ourselves,  as  we  could  not  save  him;  but  we  carried  him 
back  where  he  was  taken  to  the  hospital.  After  lingering  a  few  days  he  quietly 
breathed  his  last,  his  soul  returning  to  the  God  who  gave  it.     Xever  did  a  braver 


on 


Militaiiy  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


soldier  respond  to  a  bugle-call  than  Capt.  TIios.  Puryear.  In  this  engagement  we 
again  proved  successful.  Here  Lient.  J.  M.  Eastess  was  promoted  to  the  Cap- 
taincy of  Co.  (t. 

On  the  26tli  we  again  had  a  warm  engagement  against  great  odds,  in  which 
Lieut.-col.  Morton  received  a  severe  wound.  Our  loss  in  both  these  engagements 
■was  heavy.  The  commanding  General  afterward,  in  an  order  thanking  the  troops 
for  their  conduce,  said  to  Lieut.-col.  Morton  and  his  gallant  little  band  of  deter- 
mined followers:  "  Especial  praise  is  due  for  the  skillful  and  rapid  manner  in  which, 
they  attacked  and  routed  the  First  Alabama  tory  cavalry,  of  double  their  strength." 
After  this  engagement  Lieut.  Thomas  Adkisson  succeeded  to  the  command  of 
Company  A,  Capt.  Oswell  being  disabled  and  discharged. 

Early  in  December  we  were  placed  permanently  with  Gen.  Forrest,  on  applica- 
tion of  Col.  Barteau  and  in  accordance  witli  the  wishes  of  the  entire  regiment, 
believing  him  to  be  the  best  cavalry  leader  the  world  ever  produced — which  our 
most  bitter  enemies  have  never  dared  to  controvert.  Forre>t's  head-quarters  v.  ere 
now  at  Oxford.  Miss.  Our  first  order  from  him  to  the  regiment,  then  encamped  at 
Okolona,  Mi-^.,  was  to  go  into  "West  Tennessee  and  either  kill  or  capture  the  no- 
torious Col.  Hurst  and  his  Federal  command.  We  were  soon  in  the  vicinity  of 
Bolivar,  Tenn.;  but  instead  of  Hurst  and  his  command,  we  met  the  advance  of 
Gen.  Smith,  with  a  heavy  force  preparing  to  march  through  Mississippi,  to  effect  a 
junction  with  Sherman  at  Meridian.  Here  we  had  daily  skirmishing  with  the  enemy 
while  awaiting  orders  from  Gen.  Forrest.  On  the  5th  of  February  we  received  or- 
ders to  fall  back  toward  Abbeville,  and  after  a  lively  skirmish,  in  which  we  lost 
several  men,  we  began  to  fall  back;  and  on  the  12th,  after  a  great  deal  of  hard 
service,  we  were  joined  by  Forrest's  other  forces  near  Oxford,  Miss.,  where  we  had 
heavy  skirmishing  all  day  on  the  Tallahatchie  River. 

In  the  organization  of  Forrest's  cavalry  the  Second  Tennessee  was  placed  in  the 
brigade  of  Gen.  T.  II.  Bell,  witii  the  Twelfth,  Sixteenth,  and  Xewsom's  regiment,  all 
Tennessee  troops-.  The  Federal  force  we  were  facing  was  about  seven  thousand 
strong.  It  was  moving  leftward,  and  in  the  direetion  of  Okolona.  Gen.  Forrest 
withdrew  via  Starkville,  on  the  south  of  Tibbee  Creek,  a  considerable  stream  that 
flows  into  theTonibigbee  River  just  above  Columbia.  At  Starkville,  Forrest,  re- 
taining two  brigades — McCuiloch's  and  Col.  Jeffry  Forrest's — sent  Bell's  brigade, 
under  Col.  Barteau  t  Bell  being  sick),  to  Columbus,  which  is  on  the  east  side  of 
Tombigbee  River,  to  checkmate  any  movement  of  the  enemy  in  that  direction. 
"VYe  reached  the  west  bank  of  the  river  opposite  Columbus  late  on  the  evening  of 
the  19th,  and  spent  the  night  in  crossing  over  in  ferry-boats.  By  2  o'clock  next 
day,  finding  it  was  not  the  purpose  of  the  enemy  to  move  upon  Columbus,  Col. 
Barteau,  following  the  discretion  allowed  him  by  Gen.  Forre-t,  moved  up  the  riv- 
er with  the  brigade  on  the  east  side,  to  Waverly,  seven  miles  above;  and  here  we 
again  spent  the  night  in  reerossing  the  river  to  the  west  bank,  with  a  view  of 
striking  the  enemy's  flank  or  rear.  Next  morning  all  the  troops  of  the  brigade, 
after  two  successive  night*  spent  in  crossing  the  river,  with  other  laborious  duty 
attendant  on  such  expeditions,  found  themselves  exceedingly  jaded,  especially  the 
Second  Tennessee.  as  we  had  made  a  circuit  of  four  hundred  miles  over  bad  roads, 
part  of  the  time  over  roads  with  no  bottom,  to  use  a  loose  phrase,  and  in  bad 
weather,  with  no  intermission  of  hardship^.  Yet  this  was  no  time  or  place  for 
rest.     "We  were  in  close  proximity  to  an  enemy  greatly  superior  in  force;  but 


Regimental  Histories  axd  Memorial  Rolls. 


61; 


with  our  usual  self-confidence,  now  an  the  enemy's  Hunk  and  Forrest  in  front  of 
him,  we  did  not  hesitate  to  count-  their  numbers,  but  at  mice — assuming  the  ad- 
vantage of  our  position  that  we  had  labored  so  hard  tor  during  the  night — began 
a  spirited  attack  in  open  prairie.  The  boldness  of  the  attack,  and  the  scathing 
volleys  we  poured  into  their  ranks,  soon  caused  them  to  full  hack,  we  keeping  on 
their  right  flank  and  striving  to  get  ahead  of  them.  During  almost  the  entire 
day  we  were  in  this  position.  Long  lines  of  Federal  cavalry  could  he  seen  ex- 
tending far  to  our  rear  in  the  prairie,  our  own  column  being  parallel  at  intervals 
of  half  to  three-quarters  of  a  mile,  with  skirmishers  deployed  between. 

Gen.  Forrest,  having  crossed  all  of  his  troops  from  the  south  to  the  north  side 
of  Tibbee  Creek,  followed  rapidly.  At  night  the  enemy  made  rapid  strides,  and 
having  .trained  on  us  some  half  mile,  sent  a  force  from  his  front,  to  take  possession 
of  the  Egypt  and  Aberdeen  road  ahead  of  us,  am!  another  force  to  the  rear  to  at- 
tack us;  but  by  skillful  maneuvering  and  some  -harp  fighting  we  were  soon  nut- 
ters of  the  road.  Pressing  forward  again  in  the  night,  and  over  (he  worst  rond- 
imnginable,  our  horses  and  ourselves  having  had  nothing  to  eat  since  the  night  be- 
fore, daylight  found  us  skirmishing  at  Okolona.  The  Federals  all  moved  through 
the  town  and  took  position  on  the  west  side;  we  stood  in  line  on  the  east  >l^t-. 
witli  the  little  hamlet  lying  between  us,  the  wide  streets  and  avenues  and  scar- 
tered  houses  scarcely  obstructing  the  view.  This  was  the  position  about  sunrise. 
the  other  two  brigades  not  yet  having  arrived.  But  Gen.  Forrest,  with  his  esa  rt. 
came  dashing  across  the  prairie  from  the  direction  of  the  Federal  rear,  and  was 
soon  greeted  among  us  with  a  hearty  rebel  yell.  The  enemy  were  rapidly  dispos- 
ing their  troops,  evidently  to  attack  us  with  their  entire  force.  The  moment  was 
critical,  for  there  were  seven  thousand  Federals  against  twelve  hundred  Confed- 
erates; but  even  that  odds  did  not  make  us  nervous.  Gen.  Forrest  immediate!^ 
proceeded  to  where  Col.  Barteau  was,  and  after  a  hasty  conference  Col.  Fj.  place.'. 
himself  at  the  head  of  the  old  Second,  giving  orders  to  form  platoons  for  a  charge, 
instructing  Col.  Wilson,  of  the  Twelfth  Regiment,  to  wait  in  reserve  and  aid  when 
needed.  Gen.  Forrest  took  command  of  Russell's  and  Xewsom's  regiments  on  the 
right.  The  enemy  now  seemed  to  be  puzzled  more  than  ever  to  think  we  had  the 
Courage  to  attack  odds  so  large.  The  Second  now  moved  forward  to  the  eharg* 
with  her  usual  vim,  and  it  was  but  a  few  moments  before  we  were  dashing  througl 
the  main  street  of  Okolona  making  for  the  enemy.  We  were  wildly  cheered  b\ 
the  citizens  as  we  passed  through  the  place,  the  women  especially  cheering  an  i 
dapping  their  hands  and  waving  handkerchiefs;  and  if  there  bean  incentive  thai 
can  inspire  a  Tennessee  soldier  more  than  his  natural  pride,  it  is  that  of  woman. 
The  enemy  being  on  the  alert,  anil  anticipating  our  determination  to  win  the 
fight,  began  shooting  at  long  range.  The  command  beimr  well  in  hand,  their  sh<  T- 
fell  short  of  their  expectation,  as  the  regiment  dashed  boldly  on,  reserving  6re 
Until  within  close  pistol-range;  when,  at  the  command  "Fire!''  we  poured  such 
a  volley  into  them  that  their  front  line  began  to  stagger,  which  we  were  not  -'.  >w 
in  taking  advantage  of,  moving  on  them  rapidly,  using  our  pistols  with  telling  ef- 
fect, which  caused  their  entire  lines  to  break  and  give  way  in  disorder.  The  (til- 
er two  regiments,  tinder  Gen.  Forres,  were  dismounted  and  did  i^nod  figtiting  on 
foot.  Col.  Wilson,  whose  regiment  had  remained  mounted  as  reserve,  being  a 
hero  of  the  first  water,  could  not  longer  wait,  but  came  up  on  good  time.  Many 
of  our  men  had  fallen  wounded,  among  them  Col.  Barteau,  but  he  quickly  re- 


G16  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


mounted  and  continued  in  the  fight,  but  lew  of  the  regiment  knowing  tlisit  our 
leader  had  been  wounded  until  after  the  engagement.  Gen.  Forrest  seeing  the 
enemy  break,  moved  rapidly  up  to  our  column,  and  with  ours  and  Wilson's  regi- 
ments, closely  pressed  them — now  in  complete  disorder  and  full  retreat — taking  a 
great  many  prisoners  and  six  or  seven  pieces  of  artillery.  The  Federal  officers, 
seeing  our  small  force  that  was  pressing  them  so  sorely,  soon  began  to  bring  about 
some  organization  of  their  forces,  hoping  to  check  our  advance.  About  this  time 
Cols.  Jeftry  Forrest  and  McCulloeh  were  seen  coming  upon  the  field  with  their 
commands.  During  the  day  the  enemy  made  several  stubborn  stands,  taking  ad- 
vantage of  cross-roads  and  ridges.  They  made  one  just  at  night  at  the  edge  of  a 
large  swamp,  when  our  regiment,  "Wilson's,  and  the  Seventh  were  dismounted  and 
took  a  strong  position  along  the  brow  of  a  ravine.  This  being  the  key  to  their 
line  of  retreat,  they  were  forced  to  try  and  move  us,  which  they  endeavored  to  do 
in  four  successive  charges,  but  each  was  readily  repulsed;  and  following  up  the 
last  repulse  we  drove  them  rapidly  back,  capturing  two  pieces  of  artillery  and  a 
flag,  with  several  prisoners,  and  driving  the  remainder  into  the  swamp.  It  being 
now  very  dark  we  did  not  pursue  farther,  but  kept  pouring  a  warm  tire  of  shot  and 
shell  into  the  swamp  for  some  time,  which  next  morning  revealed  to  have  been  very 
disastrous  to  them,  from  the  number  of  dead  and  wounded  left,  with  quite  a  number 
of  horses.     This  closed  the  light  as  we  had  begun  it  in  the  morning — successfully. 

We  next  find  ourselves  with  Gen.  A.  Buford  as  division  commander  over  oi>r 
brigade  (Bell's)  and  Thompson's  Kentucky  brigade. 

On  the  19th  of  March,  1863,  we  started  from  Tupelo,  Miss.,  to  Western  Ken- 
tucky. On  the  25th,  in  the  attack  on  Padueah,  our  regiment  was  dismounted  and 
placed  on  the  right  of  Thompson's  brigade.  We  had  some  very  warm  fighting  in 
the  assault  of  the  works,  which  was  unsuccessful.  Why  the  attack  was  made  on 
this  strongly  fortified  (we  might  say  almost  impregnable )  position  was  not  gener- 
ally understood  by  the  line.  It  was  done  at  the  sacrifice  of  some  of  our  best  men. 
Here  Lieut.-col.  Morton  received  a  severe  wound.  After  this  affair  we  were  en- 
camped for  a  few  days  at  May  field,  Ky.  We  then  moved  to  Eaton,  Tenn.,  from 
which  point,  in  conjunction  with  other  troops — fragments  of  Forrest's  command — 
we  moved,  on  the  12th  of  April,  for  the  attack  on  Fort  Pillow.  We  readied  the 
fort,  after  a  long  and  hard  march,  early  on  the  morning  of  the  12th,  and  were  soon 
placed,  for  the  work  before  us.  Having  marched  all  night  without  rest  or  sleep, 
we  were  in  rather  poor  plight.  In  this  attack  our  regiment  was  on  the  extreme 
right,  next  to  the  river.  The  Second  Missouri  Regiment  was  on  the  extreme  left, 
and  in  the  final  investment,  assault,  and  capture.  These  two  regiments  were  the 
first  in  the  fort,  which  was  no  idle  pastime.  Here  both  courage  and  skill  were 
displayed  by  each  officer  and  man.  The  works  were  very  hard  of  passage,  and  it 
was  only  by  lifting  and  pushing  each  other  that  we  were  enabled  to  mount  them, 
and  that  too  under  the  steady  fire  of  the  enemy.  After  capturing  the  fort, 
we  took  down  the  flag  and  turned  the  guns  of  the  fort  upon  the  gun-boat  up  the 
river.  One  of  the  captured  pieces  of  artillery  was  admirably  handled  by  Sergt. 
B.  A.  Hi.^h,  of  our  regiment.  This  capture,  however,  was  not  effected  without 
the  loss  of  some  of  our  bravest  men.  Among  them  was  Lieut.  George  Love,  a 
brave  and  good  officer.  Ed.  Bullock  succeeded  him  us  Lieutenant  in  Co.  D.  The 
prisoners  were  placed  in  charge  of  Col.  Barteau,  and  couveyed  by  the  regiment  to 
Tupelo,  Miss.     Here  we  went  into  camp,  and  after  fully  recruiting  both  man  and 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.        617 


horse  we  received  orders  on  the  29th  of  May  to  move  with  five  days  rations  east- 
ward to  Fulton,  Miss.  When  some  distance  east  of  this  place,  on  the  2d  of  June, 
we  were  ordered  hack  to  meet  a  force  coming  out  from  Memphis.  This  proved  to 
he  Gen.  Sturgis,  with  ten  thousand  men.  By  the  7th  he  was  in  the  vicinity  of 
Ripley.  Forrest's  forces,  mostly  collected  at  Baldwyn,  now  numhered  only  about 
two  thousand  effective  men.  We  met  the  Federals  near  Guntowri,  at  Briee's  Cross- 
roads, In  this  engagement  Gen,  Forrest  detached  our  regiment  from  Buford's 
division  to  operate  alone.  He  gave  orders  to  Col.  Barteau,  at  Carrollville,  to  go 
directly  across  to  the  Ripley  road  and  fall  either  upon  the  flank  or  rear  of  the 
Federal  army  and  destroy  their  train  if  possible.  To  reach  their  rear  required  a 
very  rapid  move  over  a  circuitous  route,  but  the  old  Second,  had  been  educated 
to  believe  there  was  nothing  insurmountable,  so  we  moved  out  with  good  cheer, 
knowing  the  responsibility  of  the  duty  intrusted  to  us.  The  rear  of  the  enemy 
had  just  gotten  into  the  engagement  when  we  readied  the  road  down  which  they 
had  passed.^  They  had  disposed  of  their  baggage-train  with  guard,  awaiting  the 
result  of  the  fight.  The  battle  was  now  raging  in  front,  the  balls  from  our  guns 
in  front  passing  over  the  enemy  and  falling  among  us  as  we  moved  quietly  in  be- 
hind the  Federal  lines  along  Tishomingo  Creek.  Col.  Barteau,  now  being  ap- 
prised that  the  heat  of  the  engagement  had  come,  and  seeing  the  success  of  onr 
force  were  somewhat  doubtful,  and  knowing  the  great  odds  we  were  contending 
against,  wisely  decided  to  pass  the  baggage-train,  which  we  might  have  easily  capt- 
ured, and  strike  where  we  were  most  needed.  Fie  dispatched,  our  company  to 
picket  in  our  rear,  and  deployed  the  remainder  of  the  regiment  into  a  skirmish 
line.  We  had  reached  the  enemy's  rear  without  their  knowledge,  and  Col.  Bar- 
teau thought  best  to  deceive  them  as  to  our  strength.  For  this  purpose  a  bold 
attack  was  made  by  our  little  line,  and  being  deployed  at  some  distance  apart. 
with  a  continuous  fire.  This  led  them  to  believe  our  force  was  large,  and  to  con- 
tinue the  impression  the  bugler,  Jimmie  Bradford,  was  instructed  to  gallop  along 
the  line  and  at  different  intervals  to  sound  the  charge.  Nothing  could  have 
proved  a  more  complete  deception,  for  the  enemy's  cavalry,  ten  times  our  strength, 
began  to  move  back.  There  was  a  general  panic  among  the  baggage-guards,  team- 
sters, artillery,  and  soon  among  all  the  Federals,  and  as  Forrest  pressed  them  in 
front  (which  was  becoming  now  their  rear)  they  fell  back  in  the  wildest  disorder. 
We  kept  up  a  running  tight  with  the  head  of  the  retreating  force  until  after  night, 
taking  a  large  number  oi  prisoners.  Never  was  a  more  bold  or  daring  attack 
made  than  was  executed  on  this  occasion  by  our  regiment.  In  the  "Campaigns 
of  Forrest's  Cavalry,"  published  on  authority  of  Gen.  Forrest,  it  is  stated  that 
this  movement  of  Barteau's  regiment,  while  the  battle  was  raging  with  the  great- 
est fury,  drew  to  that  quarter  a  large  part  of  the  Federal  cavalry,  and  contributed 
materially  to  disorder  the  enemy.  Next  day  we  were  early  in  the  saddle,  and  re- 
ceived orders  to  now  strike  for  the  enemy's  front;  but  they  being  in  full  retreat, 
we  did  not  reach  their  front,  yet  succeeded  in  making  a  sudden  and  successful  at- 
tack as  they  passed.  We  continued  the  pursuit,  pressing  their  scattered  forces  all 
day,  having  quite  a  spirited  engagement  at  Ripley.  We  continued  the  chase  to 
near  Memphis.  In  this  engagement  the  loss  on  our  side  was  heavy,  but  the  ene- 
my's much  greater.  We  took  in  all  about  two  thousand  prisoners,  and  must  have 
killed  nineteen  hundred;  captured  twenty  pieces  of  artillery  and  over  two  hun- 
dred wagons  and  ambulances. 


618  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


It  now  being  very  warm  we  went  into  camp,  but  only  to  remain  for  a  short  time, 
for  on  the  Stli  of  July  another  heavy  Federal  force  was  entering  North  Missis- 
sippi, (ion.  Huford  sent  our  regiment  to  New  Albany  to  intercept  them.  We 
reached  there  just  in  time  to  meet  the  advance  crossing  .Tallahatchie  River.  Skir- 
mishing at  once  began  and  continued  during  the  day,  and  next  day  back  to  ne;tr 
Pontotoc.  The  enemy  was  estimated  at  sixteen  thousand  strong*  under  Gen.  A. 
;  J.  Smith.     Gen.  Forrest  was  now  up.     The  enemy  moved  slowly,  pushing  us  back. 

Though  Forrest  did  not  have  a  third  as  many  men,  yet  lie  made  their  progress, 
very  rough  and  slow.  On  the  loth  Gen.  Buford  made  a  dash  on  their  flank  just 
west  of  Tupelo,  making  the  attack  with  Bell's  brigade  across  a  bridge  and  deep 
ravine.  Our  regiment  was  thrown  in  first  against  two  divisions  of  the  enemy,  and 
was  for  a  time  unsupported,  until  we  were  repulsed  and  in  a  measure  cut  to  pieces. 
In  this  special  da<h  victory  was  recorded  on  the  wrong  side  of  our  old  flag,  yet 
we  had  the  consolation  of  knowing  it  was  only  placed  there  by  overwhelming 
numbers.  Our  loss  avu-<  heavy  both  in  officers  and  men.  Lieut.  A.  II.  French, of 
Co.  A,  was  permanently  disabled.  Capt.  J.  M.  Eastess,  of  Co.  G,  was  killed. 
Lieut.  B.  H.  Moore  succeeded  to  the  command  of  Co.  G,  and  privates  George  F. 
Ilager  and  G.  L.Sis&dons  were  made  Lieutenants.  In  this  engagement  Lieut. -col. 
Morton  appeared  on  the  held  for  the  first  time  since  receiving  his  wound  at  Padu- 
cah,  Ky.,  and  though  not  yet  recovered,  seeing  the  danger  of  our  position,  he  took 
part  and  aided  in  saving  the  regiment  from  further  disaster.  The  coolness  and 
courage  of  both  officers  and  men  only  prevented  the  complete  destruction  of  the 
regiment  by  such  an  overwhelming  force  against  us  in  a  disadvantageous  situation. 
The  remainder  of  the  brigade  came  to  our  relief  as  soon  as  possible,  and  soon  we 
were  again  on  the  enemy,  and  continued  the  fight  until  night  came  on.  During 
the  night  the  enemy  moved  to  Harrisburg,  a  few  miles  distant,  and  here  spent  the 
night  in  intrenching  themselves.  It  was  tins  engagement  in  which  one  of  those 
singular  premonitions  of  death  occurred.  Private  James  Drury,  a  noble  and 
brave  soldier,  always  at  las  post  and  ever  ready  to  face  danger,  told  several  of  his 
friends  that  he  expected  to  be  killed  in  the  next  engagement,  and  gave  directions 
to  his  Captain  (Eastess,  Co.  G)  for  the  disposal  of  his  horse  and  other  little  pos- 
sessions, the  proceeds  to  be  returned  to  that  faithful  and  loving  wife  in  her  loneiy 
home  in  Tennessee.  The  writer  urged  upon  him  not  to  enter  the  tight,  but  to  let 
one  of  the  boys  who  volunteered  to  do  so  take  his  place.  In  a  calm  and  resolute 
manner  he  replied,  "No;  and  tell  my  wife  I  died  for  my  country."  lie  fell  with 
the  first  volley,  in  the  front  rank,  and  so  did  his  Captain  to  whom  he  intrusted 
the  carrying  out  of  his  wishes. 

Next  morning  we  found  the  enemy  Avell  intrenched,  with  sixteen  thousand 
small  arms  aud  twenty-four  pieces  of  artillery,  our  force  being  now  about  one- 
third.  Here,  perhaps,  v?as  one  of  our  warmest  engagements.  Forrest  not  being 
slow  to  get  ready,  our  brigade  and  Mabry's  were  ordered  forward  to  lead  the  charge. 
Our  way  was  across  an  open  field,  in  the  face  of  a  galling  fire,  for  nearly  thrcc- 
qmirters  of  a  mile.  Nothing  could  exceed  the  scathing  fire  we  breasted  at  and 
near  the  works.  Xevc-r  was  more  shining  courage  displayed  by  both  officers  ami 
men  than  here.  It  was  here  we  lost  our  gallant  Lieut.  Lip>eomb  and  our  heroic 
Lieut.  Denning,  killed  on  or  inside  the  works.  Col.  Barteau  was  also  acrain 
wounded  while  endeavoring  to  lead  our  already  shattered  regiment  into  the  ene- 
my's stronghold.     Oar  b.»s  was  extremely  heavy.     We  went  into  the  engagement 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


619 


fully  officered  (save  the  losses  we  had  sustained  from  the  enemy  before),  and  at 
the  close,  or  rather  alter  the  first  assault  on  the  works,  Lieut.  George  E.  Seay 
found  himself  in  command  of  the  regiment,  his  superiors  having  been  killed, 
wounded,  or  disabled.  We  made  several  unsuccessful  charges  on  the  works  dur- 
ing the  day,  when  it  began  to  appear  that  in  their  present  well-fortified  position, 
with  superior  numbers,  it  was  but  madness  to  continue  the  effort  to  dislodge  them; 
but  Forrest,  always  being  equal  to  all  emergencies,  changed  the  tactics  next  day. 
Leading  a  force  to  their  rear,  and  making  a  sudden  charge,  we  soon  had  them. in 
full  retreat,  but  not  Avithout  a  loss,  for  here  our  daring  Lieut.  Bullock  fell,  and 
some  of  our  best  men.  P>ven  our  leader,  Gen.  Forrest,  this  time  did  not  escape 
receiving  a  wound;  but  it  did  not  stop  him  from  following  up  the  retreat.  I 
could  here  recall  many  incidents  of  unexampled  courage  displayed  by  individual 
members  o{  the  regiment. 

Major  Win.  Parri>h  died  near  Okolona,  Miss. — a  brave  officer  and  noble  man. 
Capt.  W.  A.  DeBow,  of  Co.  E,  succeeded  as  Major;  Lieut.  Geo.  E.  Seay  to  Cap- 
taincy of  Co.  E.  John  Cantrell  and  J.  K.  Dodd  were  made  Lieutenants  in  Co.  D. 
The  next  scene  of  action  was  at  Oxford,  Miss.,  where  the  regiment  had  some  hard 
fighting  from  the  Oth  to  the  18th  of  August.  On  the  night  of  the  18th,  under  the 
lead  of  our  old  chief,  Forrest,  we  started  for  Memphis,  Tenn.  Lieut.-col.  Morton, 
having  recovered  from  his  wound,  was  in  command  of  the  regiment,  Col.  Barteau 
heing  unable  for  duty — suffering  from  the  wound  received  at  Ilarrisburg.  We 
marched  day  and  night  through  mud  and  rain  until  we  reached  the  city.  The 
object  of  this  move,  which  was  executed  by  Gen.  Forrest  with  only  about  two 
thousand  men,  was  to  draw  back  to  Memphis  the  Federal  force  of  about  twenty 
thousand  which  we  had  been  facing  at  Oxford,  while  Forrest  had  only  about  four 
thousand  men.  The  move  proved  a  success,  and  caused  the  Federals  to  beat  a 
hasty  retreat  for  Memphis.  We  had  some  warm  fighting,  and  our  loss  was  heavy 
at  Memphis,  among  the  number  killed  being  that  bright  and  promising  young- 
soldier,  Perry  Marks,  who  had  distinguished  himself  as  a  private  in  storming 
the  works  at  Fort  Pillow.  A  detachment  of  the  regiment  under  Major  De- 
Bow  was  held  in  reserve  by  Gen.  Forrest,  and  had  hard  fighting  with  a  heavy- 
force  of  the  enemy  intrenched  in  the  State  Female  College,  near  the  city.  We 
lost  six  men  killed  and  several  captured.  We  succeeded  in  entering  the  city  and 
capturing  a  large  number  of  prisoners  and  horses,  but  a  much  larger  force  being 
there  than  we  had  we  could  not  hold  the  city;  so  early  next  morning  we  began  to 
fall  back  toward  Hernando,  Miss.,  having  accomplished  the  object  of  the  expedi- 
tion, carrying  off  about  six  hundred  prisoners,  and  leaving  a  large  number  of  the 
enemy  slain  on  the  field. 

On  September  10  we  started  for  Middle  Tennessee,  our  Colonel  being  again  with 
us,  having  recovered  from  his  last  wound.  We  moved  out  in  high  spirits,  hoping 
we  mi<rht  reach  our  homes,  some  of  us  having  been  absent  since  the  commence- 
ment of  the  war.  Wre  effected  a  crossing  of  the  Tennessee  River  by  fording  at 
Colbert  Shoal-,  which  was  done  without  loss,  the  river  here  beingsome  two  thou- 
sand yards  wide  and  extremely  dangerous.  The  path  along  the  ledges  of  the 
shoals  being  very  high  and  narrow  in  some  places,  m  have  strayed  from  it  would 
hate  been  almost  certain  destruction.  The  winding  of  the  path  made  the  ford 
about  two  miles  in  length.  Our  artillery  was  ferried  across  some  miles  above  the 
ford.     We  met  with  but  little  resistance  from  the  enemy  until  reaching  Athens, 


620 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Ala.,  on  the  evening  of  the  23d.     Here  the  regiment  was  again  detached  to  act 

alone,  and  taking  position  on  the  north  of  the  town,  the  night  was  spent  in  de- 
stroying the  railroad  and  making  some  captures  of  outposts.  Next  morning  we 
returned  to  the  line  and  took  part  in  the  capture  of  the  fort,  and  also  warmly  en- 
gaged with  the  reinforcements  that  came  up  from  Decatur  to  relieve  the  fort, 
capturing  them  in  open  field,  the  fort  having  surrendered  a  short  time  before  they 
came  in  sight.  "We  captured  here  about  nineteen  hundred  rank  and  file  and  quite 
a  quantity  of  stores. 

On  the  25th  we  were  in  front  of  Sulphur  Trestle,  a  strongly  fortified  and  heav- 
ily garrisoned  position  guarding  a  high  trestle  over  a  deep  ravine,  which  was  of 
vital  importance  to  the  enemy,  forming  an  important  link  in  the  line  of  commu- 
nication and  supplies  to  the  enemy  in  North  Alabama  from  their  base  at  Nash- 
ville.  The  redoubt  was  furnished  with  two  twelve-pound  mountain  howitzers. 
There  were  also  several  block-houses  in  commanding  positions  for  the  protection 
of  the  trestle.  Soon  after  placing  his  lines  Forrest  demanded  a  surrender  of  the 
place,  which  was  promptly  declined;  whereupon  we  immediately  opened  tire 
with  both  artillery  and  small  arms,  with  a  telling  destruction  which  was  visible 
to  all.  We  received  orders  to  cease  tiring,  and  in  a  short  time  had  the  pleasure 
of  knowing  they  had  surrendered,  but  with  a  serious  loss  of  life  on  their  part. 
We  captured  about  eight  hundred  prisoners,  and  destroyed  the  trestle  and  block- 
houses and  a  large  amount  of  wood  and  lumber. 

We  took  an  active  part  in  the  engagements  at  Elkton  on  the  26th  and  Richland 
Creek  on  the  27th.  On  the  2Sth  we  were  again  in  motion,  moving  toward  Tulla- 
homa,  and  when  within  fifteen  miles  of  that  place  our  scouts  reported  a  heavy 
column  of  Federal  infantry  moving  clown  from  Chattanooga;  also  one  coming 
out  from  Nashville.  The  enemy,  having  become  alarmed  at  the  presence  of  For- 
rest, were  now  rapidly  concentrating  all  their  force;  and  there  being  already  three 
columns  of  the  enemy  in  motion,  each  superior  in  numbers  to  our  entire  force,  a 
hastv  consultation  was  held,  and  about  one-half  of  the  command — fifteen  hundred 
strong — with  all  the  artillery  and  wagon-train,  was  placed  under  Gen.  Buford, 
who  returned  toward  Huntsville,  Ala.  Gen.  Forrest  placed  himself  at  the  head 
of  the  other  detachment,  about  tifteen  hundred  strong.  On  the  29th  we  moved  in 
the  direction  of  Lewisburg,  reaching  Columbia.  Our  regiment,  was  ordered  to 
make  a  demonstration,  there  being  here  a  large  Federal  force,  while  our  oilier 
force  should  engage  in  capturing  the  stockade,  etc.,  on  the  railroad.  The  demon- 
stration was  successfully  managed,  keeping  the  enemy  cooped  for  several  hours  in- 
side of  their  works.  WTe  captured  quite  a  number  of  prisoners  and  several  block- 
houses around  Spring  Hill,  destroying  the  railroad,  as  well  as  a  large  amount  of 
lumber  and  wood.  Becoming  thoroughly  aroused,  the  enemy  had  placed  about 
fifteen  thousand  troops  in  the  field,  which  were  now  drawing  close.  Forrest  re- 
ceiving information  that  the  Tennessee  River  was  rising,  and  our  facilities  for  re- 
crossing  not  beins  the  best,  we  began  to  retrace  our  steps.  We  withdrew  from 
Columbia,  following  as  rear-guard  in  the  direction  of  Mount  Pleasant.  We  had 
more  or  less  fighting  during  the  retreat,  reaching  Martin's  mills,  on  Cypress  Creek, 
near  Florence,  Ala.,  on  the  8th  of  October.  Forrest  was  now  crossing  the  river 
at  the  mouth  of  Cypress  Creek.  Here  we  were  warmly  engaged,  the  enemy  press- 
in"1  forward  rapidly  to  contest  the  recrossiog  of  the  river.  A  part  of  the  Sixteenth 
and  Seventh  regiments  were  sent  back,  and  reported  to  Col.  Bartcau  to  aid  him 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         C21 


in  checking  the  enemy's  passage  of  Cypress  Creek.  Col.  Barteau  sent  most  of  the 
Second  Regiment,  under  Lieut.-col.  Morton,  farther  up  the  stream  to  guard  a 
ford.  The  enemy  was  now  making  a  strong  effort  to  cross  the  creek  in  front  of 
Col.  Barteau,  but  being  repulsed  by  him  sent  a  brigade  farther  up,  and  crossed 
beyond  and  behind  Col.  Morton.  The  first  intimation  we  had  of  the  enemy  hav- 
ing crossed  the  stream  was  the  Federal  yell  in  our  rear  while  we  were  warmly  en- 
gaged in  front.  Taking  in  the  situation  at  a  glance,  and  seeing  a  force  ten  times 
our  number  both  front  and  rear,  Col.  Morton  led  us  in  a  daring  charge  through 
the  enemy's  lines,  forcing  a  junction  with  Col.  Barteau,  who  was  now  being  driven 
back  by  overwhelming  numbers.  We  hotly  contested  every  foot  of  ground,  and 
continued  the  tight  until  after  dark  between  the  mills  and  the  river,  where  For- 
rest's main  forces  were  crossing.  By  next  morning  Forrest  had  recrossed  to  the 
south  bank  of  the  river,  and  therefore  could  render  us  no  assistance  in  our  strug- 
gle with  the  enemy,  who  now  seemed  to  be  entirely  around  us.  .Next  morning, 
being  in  line  early,  our  situation  was  any  thing  but  pleasant,  with  about  twelve 
thousand  Federals  in  our  front  and  the  Tennessee  River  in  our  rear,  while  our 
number  did  not  exceed  five  hundred  men.  Col.  Barteau,  keeping  the  command 
close  in  hand,  with  rapid  movements  and  some  warm  lighting  for  two  or  three 
days,  succeeded,  on  the  night  of  the  13th,  in  getting  his  command  across  the 
river.  Gen.  FTorrest  had  given  us  up  as  captured,  and  he  accorded  special  praise 
to  Col.  Barteau,  his  officers  and  men,  for  their  valor  and  skill  in  contending  so 
successfully  against  great  odds  and  difficulties. 

After  recruiting  in  the  vicinity  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  for  a  short  time,  we  were 
again  called  into  active  service  in  West  Tennessee.  At  Paris  Landing,  and  near 
Fort  Heiman,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  we  took  an  active  part  in  the  capture  of 
several  gun-boats  and  transports;  also  in  the  destruction  of  Johnsonville,  with  its 
large  quantity  of  Government  stores,  which  was  perhaps  one  of  the  most  serious 
blows  the  -TJ.  S.  Government  ever  received  from  the  Confederate  forces.  This  was 
accomplished  under  a  strong,  fortified  position,  with  a  large  garrison  there  for  the 
purpose  of  guarding  the  property.  We  opened  fire  upon  the  place  about  2  p.m., 
and  next  morning  nothing  was  to  be  seen  but  great  piles  of  ashes  from  its  ruins, 
save  the  fort,  which  stood  out  in  bold  relief  with  its  great  guns,  which  had  been 
of  so  little  value  the  day  before.  This  expedition  lasted  about  twenty  days,  dur- 
ing which  the  regiment  bore  its  share  of  loss,  exposure,  and  hardships. 

Gen.  Hood's  campaign  into  Middle  Tennessee  now  called  Forrest  in  that  direc- 
tion. We  made  a  rapid  march  over  bad  roads,  reaching  Flood's  army  at  Florence, 
when  we  were  soon  in  his  front.  Our  first  encounter  after  reaching  his  front  was 
on  the  19th  of  November;  and  from  this  date  forward  we  were  in  close  contact 
with  the  enemy  up  to  Nashville,  taking  part  in  the  fights  at  Columbia,  Spring 
Hill,  Franklin,  and  in  the  cavalry  engagement  at  Hurt's  Cross-roads.  Flere  our 
regiment  entered  the  engagement  with  more  than  usual  vim,  having  heard  that 
Stokes's  command  (Tennessee  Yankees),  then  notorious,  was  to  be  faced — just  what 
we  had  hoped  for  ever  since  it  had  been  in  the  held.  We  soon  learned  that  we 
only  had  the  pleasure  of  contending  with  Wilder' s  cavalry.  This,  however,  was 
with  success. 

The  2d  of  December  found  us  in  front  of  Nashville,  our  division  doing  picket  duty 
on  the  right  of  Hood's  army,  across  to  the  Lebanon  pike,  at  first,  then  engaging  in 
capturing  block-house3  along  the  Nashville  and  Chattanooga  railroad.    We  were  in 


022 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


the  saddle  continuously  day  and  night.  On  the  5th  we  started  lor  Mnrfreesboro, 
under  Gen.  Forrest.  On  the  way  we  had  several  sharp  engagements,  capturing 
the  forts  at  La  Vergnc  and  Smyrna,  and  several  blockhouses ©n  the  railroad.  Ac 
Murfreesboro  we  found  Gen.  Rousseau  with  about  eight  thousand  troops,  well  for- 
tified. Here  we  had  several  warm  engagements.  We  remained  around  Murfrees- 
boro  for  several  days,  keeping  Rousseau  Avell  cooped  with  our  small  force.  On 
the  loth,  we  received  orders  from  Gen.  Hood,  also  the  sorrowful  intelligence  of 
the  disastrous  result  to  our  army  in  front  ot'  Nashville.  We  now  began  that 
memorable  retreat,  our  command  taking  the  Nashville  pike  to  the  Insane  Asylum. 
There  Ave  turned  in  the  direction  of  Brentwood,  reaching  Hood's  rear  just  north 
of  that  place.  We  found  the  enemy  sorely  pressing  Hood,  and  his  army  in  a 
dreadful  condition.  "We  were  soon  between  IlOod  ami  the  enemy,  and  a  warm 
engagement  quickly  let  the  Federals  know  that  it  was  Forrest's  cavalry  they  had 
to  contend  with.  They  soon  became  more  tardy  in  making  their  charges.  Thomas, 
having  some  troop-  in  his  front  who  had  received  an  introduction  to  our  style  on 
more  than  one  occasion,  knew  we  always  tendered  a  hearty  reception.  Forrest 
was  placed  in  chief  command  of  the  rear-guard,  and  reenforeed  with  about  sixteen 
hundred  infantry,  he  having  about  three  thousand  cavalry,  making  his  command 
about  forty-six  hundred  arms,  with  which  we  had  to  face  about  ten  thousand  cav- 
alry and  twenty-live  thousand  infantry.  He  was  expected  to  confront  and  check 
this  army  if  possible.  We  had  more  or  less  righting  all  the  time.  Our  severest 
engagements  on  the  retreat  were  probably  at  Franklin,  Spring  Hill,  Anthony's 
Hill,  Richland  Creek,  Columbia,  Pulaski,  Rutherford's  ('reek,  and  Duck  River, 
the  last  being  at  .Sugar  Creek  on  the  26th  of  December,  our  regiment  taking  an 
active  part  in  all;  in  fact,  we  were  scarcely  ever  out  of  sight  of  the  enemy.  Too 
much  praise  cannot  be  given  to  our  leader,  and  both  officers  and  men,  for  the  cool 
and  brave  manner  in  which  the  retreat  was  so  successfully  managed.  Never  were 
soldiers  placed  in  a  more  trying  position  than  were  the  rear-guard  of  Hood's 
army.  No  records  show  more  shining  courage  and  valor  than  was  displayed  by 
Forrest's  cavalry  from  Nashville  to  Shoal  Creek.  On  the  night  of  the  27th  we 
crossed  the  Tennessee  River,  after  a  campaign  of  thirty-five  days,  being  in  the 
saddle  most  of  the  time  both  day  and  night,  with  no  intermission  of  cold,  sleet, 
and  snow,  it  being  the  most  severe  winter  known  in  Middle  Tennessee  lor  years. 
During  the  campaign  our  loss  was  heavy,  embracing  some  of  our  best  men  and 
officers.  Col.  Barteau  was  severely  wounded  on  the  6th  at  Murfreesboro,  which 
proved  to  be  the  close  of  his  career  as  our  leader;  yet  we  did  not  think  so  at  the 
time,  not  anticipating  that  the  struggle  was  so  near  its  end,  but  all  fondly  hoping  to 
see  him  again  at  the  head  of  the  regiment.  He  did  not  fully  recover  until  some 
time  after  the  close  of  the  war.  The  command  of  the  regiment  during  the  retreat 
devolved  on  Lieut. -col.  Morton,  who  always  commanded  the  highest  re>pect  and 
utmost  confidence  of  Get*.  Forrest,  perhaps  receiving  more  complimentary  notices 
from  his  superiors  than  any  other  Lieutenant-colonel  on  the  line. 

After  crossing  Tennessee  River  we  moved  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  where  we  remained 
for  some  time,  mainly  occupied  in  reorganizing  and  recruiting  our  horses.  Our 
regiment  and  the  Twenty-first,  now  being  mere  skeletons,  were  placed  together  as 
the  Second  and  Twenty-first  Tennessee  regiments,  Col.  Wilson,  Lieut. -col.  Mor- 
ton, and  M.ij.  W.  A.  l>eP>ow  in  command,  Col.  Barteau  being  yet  disable!  from 
his  wound.     The  companies  of  each  regiment  were  placed  together  so  as  to  form 


Eegimen^al  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        623 


tlie  requisite  number.  The  line  of  officers  had  become  so  reduced  that  even  on 
consolidating  the  companies  there  were  several  new  officers  elected. 

We  moved  down  to  Verona,  whence  the  command  was  soon  called  into  action 
again.  A  large  Federal  force  under  Gen.  Wilson  was  moving  mi  Selma,  Ala 
We  were  soon  up  with  the  enemy;  had  several  minor  engagements,  until  on  the 
1st  of  April,  near  Seottsville,  Ala.,  our  brigade,  under  Gen.  Bell,  encountered  the 
Federal  Gen.  Croxton,  having  been  dispatched  for  that  purpose  by  Gen.  E'orrest. 
This  column  under  Croxton  had  moved  through  Tuscaloosa  and  destroyed  the 
large  factories  there,  laying  waste  every  thing  in  their  path.  The  enemy's  force 
was  much  larger  than  ours,  but  as  we  had  not  had  an  even-number  engagement 
for  many  months  we  considered  ourselves  very  fortunate  in  meeting  two  to  one; 
and  knowing  this  to  be  the  difference  now,  we  did  not  seek  to  take  any  special  ad- 
vantage, bat  moved  up  near  his- camp  at  night,  keeping  close  watch.  JS'ext  morn- 
ing before  the  dawn  of  day  we  were  in  position,  ready  to  give  him  a  quiet  sur- 
prise in  the  way  of  a  first  day  of  April  joke.  Promptly  at  the  first  dawn  of  light, 
with  revolvers  in  hand,  we  charged  down  upon  him,  capturing  several  stands  of 
colors,  a  large  number  of  prisoners  and  horses,  and  killing  and  wounding  very 
many.  The  rout  was  complete.  We  chased  them  some  fifteen  or  twenty  miles, 
they  never  halting  to  make  a  stand  during  the  day.  This  engagement  was  the 
last  of  the  war  east  of  the  Mississippi.  We  returned  in  the  direction  of  Selma, 
hoping  to  be  able  to  render  assistance  to  Gen.  Forrest  who  was  now  sorely  pressed 
contending  with  Gen.  Wilson's  forces,  which  outnumbered  him  ten  to  one.  On 
reaching  Marion  we  were  met  by  the  advance  of  Gen.  Forrest's  main  force,  at 
which  we  were  very  much  surprised,  and  more  so  when  we  learned  that  the  Con- 
federacy was  now  becoming  a  thing  of  the  past.  We  moved  up  to  Sumterville 
and  remained  for  several  days,  then  were  ordered  to  Gainesville.  Ala.,  where  we 
received  our  paroles  on  the  10th -day  of  May,  1*0-3 — if  not  with  victory,  at  least 
and  above  ail  with  honor,  and  the  following  kind  advice  from  our  leader:  '"'You 
have  been  good  soldiers,  you  can  be  good  citizens.  Obey  the  laws  of  the  land,  and 
preserve  your  honor."  These  short  sentences  from  the  greatest  cavalry  leader  the 
world  ever  produced,  spoke  volumes  to  the  old  veterans  whom  he  had  led  on  so 
many  victorious  fields.  We  were  not  long  in  getting  ready  to  start  home,  as  some 
of  us  had  not  been  there  since  early  in  IS61;  but  we  started  with  sad  thoughts, 
our  memory  wandering  to  the  commencement  of  the  war,  when  we  had  gone 
out  with  so  many  noble  young  men,  several  hundred  of  whom  we  were  forced  to 
leave  behind — their  bodies  scattered  on  the  various  fields  of  action,  many  of 
them  unburied.  They  gave  up  their  lives  to  the  "Lost  Cause,'"  and  their  bones  are 
decayed  or  bleaching  over  Tennessee,  Mississippi,  Alabama,  Kentucky,  and 
Georgia. 

I  may  here  add  that  the  organization  and  discipline  of  the  Second  Regiment 
of  Tennessee  Cavalry  were  not  excelled  by  any  other  in  the  field.  Whatever  the 
danger  or  however  great  the  hardship,  the  regiment  always  stood  with  firmness 
and  obeyed  with  alacrity.  Confidence  prevailed  between  officers  and  men,  each 
feeling  proud  of  his  connection  with  the  old  Second.  It  was  composed  of  young 
men  and  commanded  by  young  men  who  were  called  from  the  plow-handles, 
workshopSj  and  counting-rooms  oi  Middle  Tennessee.  None  were  trained  in  mil- 
itary sehs  ols;  our  training  was  in  active  service.  As  the  sons  of  Tennessee  we 
responded  to  her  call  as  promptly  as  we  wor.ld  to  the  call  of  the  United  States 


624  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Government  to-day.  How  faithfully  we  served  her  we  are  willing  the  world  shall 
say.     Our  motto  was:  "My  country — right  or  wrong,  I  am  with  thee." 

I  must  here  render  to  R.  R.  Hancock  (Old  Sangs),  a  private  in  Company  C,  my 
thanks  for  the  loan  of  a  diary  kept  by  him  during  the  war,  which  to  any  of  the 
old  Second  would  be  a  rare  treat  to  read.  He  portrays,  in  his  camp-life  way,  the 
movements  of  the  regiment  from  beginning  to  end,  giving  graphic  descriptions  of 
daily  camp-life,  etc. 

I  regret  that  I  am  unable  to  present  herewith  a  memorial  roll  of  our  killed. 
The  living  of  the  regiment  at  the  close  of  the  war,  being  mostly  young  men,  have 
scattered,  so  that  I  find  it  impossible  to  get  a  roll,  except  from  Company  C  and 
my  company  (G).  I  should  be  glad  to  record  some  of  the  many  heroic  acts  of 
both  officers  and  men,  and  especially  of  our  dead,  but  have  not  room  to  do  justice 
to  all. 

This  ends  my  brief  sketch  of  the  Second  Regiment  of  Tennessee  Cavalry,  thai 
so  gallantly  contended  for  what  we  believed  to  be  right,  and  never,  in  camp  or 
field,  brought  reproach  on  Tennessee  as  a  "  Volunteer  State."  Each  man  seemed 
determined  that  no  act  of  his  should  tarnish  her  good  name.  To  the  brave  ones 
who  fell  we  drop  a  soldier's  tear.     Peace  be  with  them! 

Oj]kial.~]  Second  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Colonel,  C.  K.  Barteau. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain.  N.  Osvrell. 
Tittle.  D.,  k.  inaction  near  Denmark,  Sept.  1,  I  Webh,  J.  P.,  k.  in  action  near  Denmark,  Sept. 
1S62.  I      1,  1862. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  T.  B.  Underwood. 
Williams,  W.  A.,  k.  at  Fort  Pillow,  March  12,  |  McAllister,  J.  H.,  d.  Jan.,  1864,  in  prison  at  Al- 
1864.  J      ton,  111. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  M.  W.  McKnight. 

Haneock,  C.  E.,  d.  near  Ru^sellville,  Ala.,  June  I  McKnight,  S.  W.,  k.  at   Padueah,  March  '25. 

4,  130k  j      ls04. 

Odum,  R.  F.,  k.  at  Padueah,  March  25,  1864. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  W.  T.  Rickman. 

Love,  Lieut.  George,  k.  at  Fort  Pillow,  April!  Avers,  W.  M.,  k.  at  Padueah,  Ky.,  March  25. 

12,  1864.  1864. 

Renfro,  P.,  d.  June  1,  1862,  ' 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  William  A.  DeBow. 

Hall,  Richard,  d.   May   17,   1362,   at  Corinth,  I  Maddox,  William   J.,  k.  near  Medon,   Tenn, 

Miss.  Sep:.  2,  1862. 

Violett,  J.  W,  d.  May  20, 18®*  at  Corinth,  Miss.  I 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  John  A.  Brinkley. 
Hames,  A.  J.,  k.  in  action  at  Mud  Creek,  Miss..  I  Kell^y,  S.  R.,  d.  Oct.  10,  1852. 

June  30,  180^.  j  ;{:,ll,  M.,  d.  Aug.  10,  1802,  at  Meridian,  Miss. 

Griffin,  M  ,  d.  |ff»y  3,  VS62. 


Eegimektal  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


625 


COMPANY  G. 
Captains:  J.  M.  Eastess  and  Thomas  Puryear. 
Robertson,  W.  R.,  k.  Oct.  1, 1862.  I  Trout,  Bird,  d.  July  3(  1862. 

Sanders,  J.  A.,  d.  in  prison. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  B.  Edwards. 


Townly,  John,   d.  Oct.  29,   1S63,    in    Walker 

county,  Ala. 
Henery,  August,   d.  July  1,  1803,  in   Walker 

county,  Ala. 
Guttery,  William,  d.  April  22,  1863,  in  Walker 

county,  Ala. 
Roberts,  D.  R.,  d.  May  4,  186;:,  at  Smithvdle, 

Ala. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  C.  H.  Reeves 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  O.  B.  Farris, 


Thornton,  W.  M.,  d.  Aug.  1,  1863. 

Rutiedge,  S.  A.,  d.  April  5,  1863,  at  Columbus, 

Miss. 
Touney,  J.  R.,  d.  April  12,   1862,    in  Walker 

county,  Ala. 
Williams,  W.  H.,  d.  March  22,1363,  at  Colum- 

bua.  Miss. 


Official.'] 


SECOND  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 


Colonel,  H.  M.  Ashby. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  John  F.  Lauderdale. 


Blackburn,  Jesse,  d.  in  prison. 
Barnett,  F.  R.  E.,  k.  Nov.  11, 1864. 
Erwin,  J.  B.,  k.  in  action,  Dec.  7,  1864. 
Lewallen,  C.  W.,  k.  in  action. 


Spencer,  Webb,  d.  in  prison,  Aug.  9, 1864. 
Blankenship,  John,  d.  in  prison  about  July  20, 
It;  64. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  John  R.  Rogers. 
1862,  at  Lan- 1  Sword,  N.  H.,  d. 


McKee,  John,  k.  in  action,  Oct. 
caster,  Ky. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  William  Ford. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  W.  P.  Owen. 

Johnson,  Russell  C,  k.  in  action  at  Fincastle,  April  13, 1862. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  William  M.  Smith. 

Galbraith,  Thomas   B.,  k.  in  a  skirmish  at  I  Pearson.  A.  J.,  k.  in  a  skirmish  at  Baptist  Gap, 
Baptist  Gap,  Tenn.,  Aug.  27,  1862.  |     Tenn.,  Aug.  27,  1S62 

COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  Spence  C.  Stone. 

Loyd,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  27,  1862. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  W.  L.  Clark. 

Galbraith,  John  W.,  d.  in  prison,  August  1,  [  Harlem,  Jam-.s  J.,  d.  in  prison,  Jan.  20,  1864. 

1S64.  Hale,  William  J.,  d.  in  pri-:on,  Jan.  30,  1S64. 

Alexander,  William,  d.  seme  time  in  Septem-    Henderson,  William  J.,  d.  in  prison,  July  25, 

ber,  1864,  away  from  his  command.  I      1864. 

Hull,  Robert,  d.  in  prison,  Aug.  15,  1864. 
40 


626 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Clark  Rhodes. 

I  Langford,  William,  k.  in  action,  Aug.  31,  1SG2. 


Dononoo,  Joseph,  d.  Aug.,  1862. 
Morris,  Joseph,  k.  Aug.  31,  1S62. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  N.  C.  Langford. 
Kimbrough,  Lieut.  C.  M.,  k.  July  22,  ISO.:.  |  Moody,  George  O.,  k.  July  22,  18G3. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  William  Wallace  Gillespie. 
Sam,  George,  d.  June  21,  1862,  I  Gillespie,  J.  S.,  d.   in  hospital    at   Kingston, 

Pugh,  W.  J.,  k.  in  East  Tennessee,  Feb.,  1SG4.         March  21,  1864. 


Fro3[  Gkn.  Joseph  Wheeler. 

The  Second  Tennessee  Cavalry  (Wheeler's  Cavalry  Corps)  was  organized  May  2.3,  1862. 
List  of  officers  killed  or  died  of  exposure  or  wounds,  wounded  in  battle,  promoted,  trans- 
ferred, resigned,  etc.,  during  the  war: 

Colonel. 

Ashby,  H.  M.,  wounded  June,  1SG3;  promoted  to  command  of  brigade. 

Lieutenant-colonels. 

Gillespie,  II.  C,  wounded  and  disabled  at  Pied-    Kuhn,  J.  H.,  wounded  at  Chickamauga,  Sept. 


rnont,  Va.;  resigned  Dec,  1SG3. 
MeLelland,  George,  resigned  June,  1SG2. 
Branner,  B.  M.,  resigned  June,  1SG2. 

Cobb,  P.  A.,  relieved  March,  1SG4. 
Kuhn,  J.  H.,  promoted. 


'3\  1863. 

Turner,  George,  appointed  Lieutenant-colonel, 
and  transferred  to  Gen.  Wheeler's  staff. 
Majors. 

1  Smith,   W.  M.,   wounded  at  Lancaster,   Kyn 
I     Aug.  31,  18G3. 
Adjutants. 


Bearden,  R.  M.,  wounded  at  Lancaster,  Ky.,  I  Coffin,  Charles 

A'ig.  31,  1S63;  promoted. 

Captains. 
Kuhn,  J.  H.,  wounded;  promoted  to  Lieuten-  ,  Anderson,  Amos. 

anf-eolonel. 
Lauderdale,  J.  IL,  promoted. 
Rogers,  John  11.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro,  Dec.  30, 

1863. 
Stone,  C.  F. 
Burke,  John  K. 
Ford,  William,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  20, 

1S03. 
Ford,  James,  d.  in  prison. 
Owens,  W.   P.,    wounded    at    Somerset,   Ky., 

March  31,  18G3. 


Smith,  W.  M.,  promoted  to  Major. 

Kirkpatrick,  S.  J. 

Stone,  C.  T. 

Clark,  W.  L.,  wounded  at  Danville,  March  12, 

1SG3. 
Rhodes,  C. 
Traynor,  John  D. 
Langford,  N.  C,  wounded  in  Georgia,  Dec, 

1864. 
Gillespie,  W.  W. 


Lauderdale,  J.  H.,  promoted. 

Tibbs,  C.  A. 

Burke,  John  IT.,  promoted. 

Kelly,  Charles  H. 

Ferd,  James,  promoted. 

Anderson.  Amos,  promoted. 

Moore, ,  wounded  at  Chickamauga,  Sept. 

20,  186S;  k.  at  Clinch  Mountain,  March,  1SG5. 
McMahan,  John,  k.  at  Aiken,  S.  C,  Feb.  11, 

1SCG. 
Kirkpatrick,  S.  J.,  promoted. 
Foute,  O.  B.,  resigned  July,  1303. 


First  Lieutenants. 

Coffin,  James  P. 

Manani,  B.  G.,  promoted  to  Captain  and  Assist- 
ant Adjutnnt-ceneral. 
Moore,  N.  B.,  resigned  1SG3. 
Johnson,  Jacob. 
Wheeler,  — — . 
Brads  haw,  A.  N. 
Traynor,  John  D. 
Newman,  W.  T.,  wounded  (lost  an  arm)  June, 

1861. 
Tipton,  W.  H.,  resigned  July,  1863. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        627 


SfcCOND    Li 

Tibbs,  C.  A.,  promoted. 

Kuhn,  N.  W.,  resigned  May,  1804. 

Left,  J.  H.,  wounded  Dec,  1864. 

Kelly,  Charles  H.,  promoted. 

Helm,  John,  wounded  and  resigned. 

Clark,  Samuel. 

Anderson,  Amos,  promoted. 

Willis,  Larkin. 

Kyle,  C.  C. 

McMahan,  John,  k.  Feb.  11,  I860, 

Legg,  Jack,  retired  Nov.,  1864. 

Orogell,  R  C,    appointed  for  gallantry  Sept. 

5,1862;  k.  Sept.  20,  1SG3. 
Moore,  N.  B. 
Johnson,  Jacob; 
Murray,  John,  resigned  1863. 
Cobb,  A.  J.,  k.  on  Wheeler's  raid  in  Tennessee, 

Sept.  7,  1863. 


EUTENANTS. 

Gallagher,  John  F. 

Dicky,  H.  P. 

Huff,  James. 

McGuire,  John,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sepr.  22, 

1863. 
Newman,  W.  T.,  right  arm  shot  off  18C4. 
Pride,  Thomas,  deserted  1863. 
Krcws,  George. 
Coffin,  James  P.,  promoted. 
Shannon,  E.  G. 
Kimbrough,  C.  M.,  k.  in  Tennessee,  July  IS. 

1863. 
Tipton,  W.  II. 
Bayless,  James. 
Sartaiu,  Thomas. 

Morris,  Jesse,  k.  at  Aiken,  Feb.  11,  1803. 
Brooks,  John  M.,  wounded  at  Chickamauga, 

Sept.  22,  1863. 


THIRD  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

Ojncial.']  

Colonel,  James  W.  Starnes. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captains:  Aaron  Thompson  and  E.  L.  Lindsey. 
Phillips,  John  D.,  d..  when  and  where  not  stated. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  John  L.  Britton. 

Vance,  J.  H.,  d.  May  16, 1862. 

COMPANY  P. 

Captain,  Alfred  A.  Dysart. 

Collins,  Willis  M.,  d.  May  11,  1SG2,  at  Chatta- 1  Sumey,  Franklin  A.,  d.  May  13, 1SC2,  in  Frank- 


nooga.  , 

Hunter,  Thomas  N.,  d.  May  10,  1SG2,  at  Chatta- 
nooga. 
Jones,   David,   d.  May  18,  1862,  in   Franklin 
county,  Tenn. 


lin  county,  Tenn. 
Swiney,  Warren  L.  D.,  d.  May  3,  1302,  at  Chat- 
tanooga, Tenn. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  A.  Hubbard. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  William  S.  McLemore. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Joshua  E.  Teague. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  P.  H.  McBride. 

COMPANY  L. 
Captain,  G.  W.  Robinson. 


623  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Fkom  Gen.  Jo.-epii  Wheeler. 

The  Third  Regiment  Tennessee  Cavalry  Volunteers  (Dibroll's  Brigade,  Wheeler's  Cavalry 
Corps;  was  organized  May  25,  1862,  and  mustered  into  the  Confederate  service  Hay  2C,  1862. 

Field  and  Staff. 
Colonel,  James  W.  Starnes.    Elected  May  20,  1862.    Died  of  wounds  received  in  action, 
June  30,  1863. 
Lieutenant-colonel,  Perril  C.  Haynes.    Elected  May  26,  1862.    Resigned  February  25,  1804. 
Major,  Peter  T.  Rankin.     Elected  May  26,  t862.    Resigned  April  3,  1863, 
Surgeon,  Ed.  Swanson.    Elected  May  26,  1862. 

Assistant  Surgeon.  Alien  G.  Gooch.     Elected  May  26,  1862.     Resigned  August  28, 1864. 
Chaplain,  W.  H.  Whitsett.     Elected  May  2G,  1862.    Deserted  December  2, 1864. 
Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  Moses  H.  Clift.    Appointed. 
Assistant  Quartermaster,  Joseph  B.  Briggs.     Appointed  July  10,  1S63. 
Adjutant,  William  H.  Davis.    Appointed  July  10,  1862. 

Company  A. 
Captain,  Aaron  Thompson.    Elected  May  26,  13G2.    Died  of  wounds  received  in  action, 
July  1,  1S63. 

First  Lieutenant,  James  C.  Cundiff.    Elected  May  26,  1862.     Promoted  July  1,  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Ben  F.  Boyd.    Elected  May  26,  1862. 
Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  Silas  S.  Short.    Elected  May  26,  1862. 

Company  B. 

Captain,  J.  B.  Britton.    Elected  May  20,  1862.    Resigned  February  28,  1863. 
First   Lieutenant,  C.  C.  Rutherford.    Elected   May  20,  1302.    Died  of  wounds  received  in 
action,  February  3,  1SG3. 
Second  Lieutenant,  E.  L.  Collier.     Elected  May  26,  1S62.    Promoted  February  3,  1863. 
Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  S.  T.  Bass.     Elected  May  20,  1362.    Died  of  sickness,  March  10, 

1863. 

Company  C. 

Captain,  E.  L.  Lindsey.     Elected  May  26,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant,  W.  E.  Donnel.     Elected  May  26,  1362.    Died  of  wounds  received  in  action, 

February  3,  1863. 

Second  Lieutenant,  C.  C.  Hancock.    Elected  May  20,  1862.    Promoted  February  3,  1863. 

Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  D.  W.  Granstaff.    Elected  May  26,1862.    Promoted  February  3, 

1863. 

Company  D. 

Captain,  A.  A.  Dysart.    Elected  May  26, 1862.    Died  of  wounds  received  in  action,  March  B, 
1863. 

First  Lieutenant,  W.  M.  Robinson.    Elected  May  2/5,  1862.    Promoted  March  S,  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  F.  M.  Webb.     Elected  May  26,  1802.    Resigned  June  11,  1863. 
Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  John  Carpenter.     Elected  May  20,  1862. 

Company  E. 
Captain,  G.  W.  Robinson.     Elected  May  26.  1862.     Died  December  2,  1862. 
First  Lieutenant.  W.  F.  White.     Elected  May  20, 1802.     Resigned  July  1,  1862. 
Second  Lieutenant,  W.  A.  Hubbard.    Elected  May  26,  1302.     Promoted  July  1,  1SC2. 
Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  Norton.    Elected  May  26,  1862.    Resigned  April  3,  1S63. 

Company  F. 
Captain,  W.  S.  MeLemore.    Elected  May  26.  18G2.    Promoted  April  3,  1868. 
First  Lieutenant,  J.  T.  Pierce.     Elected  May  26,  1862.    Promoted  April  3.  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  S.  S.  Hushes.     Elected  May  26,  1862.    Promoted  April  3,  1863. 
Brevet  Second  Lieutenant,  S.  C.  Tullos.    Elected  May  ^6, 1862.    Promoted  April  3,  1863. 

Costpany  G. 
Captain,  Andrew  McGregor.     Elected  May  26,  1862.     Resigned  June  2,  1S64. 
First  Lieutenant,  A.  G.  Duffy.     Elected  May  20,  1362.     Died  of  wounds  received  in  action, 
February  3, 180-;. 


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Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


629 


Second  Lieutenant,  J.  H.  Dice.     Elected  May  20,  1802.     Promoted  February  3,  186a 
Brevet  Lieutenant,  E.  W.  Bunvell.    Elected  May  26,  1SC2.    Resigned  June  12,  1SG:J. 

Company  H. 
Captain,  J.  E.  League.     Elected  May  2G,  18G2.    Resigned  December  6,  1SG2. 
First  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  Johnson.    Elected  May  26,  1862.     Resigned  October  16,  1SG2. 
Second  Lieutenant,  P.  G.  Prior.    Elected  May  26,  1862.    Resigned  October  20,  18G2. 
Brevet  Lieutenant.  J.  M.  Rogers.     Elected  May  26,  1862. 

Company  I. 
Captain,  J.  M.  McBride.     Elected  May  2G,  1S62.    Resigned  July  10,  18G3. 
First  Lieutenant,  J.  A.  Smotherman.     Elected  May  20,  1862.     Deserted  July  20, 18G2. 
Second  Lieutenant,  G.  L.  Freeman.     Elected  May  20,  1802.     Died  of  wounds  received  in 
action,  October  2o,  1802. 
Brevet  Lieutenant,  T.  W.  Lewis.    Elected  May  2G,  1802.    Promoted  October  20, 1S62. 

Company  K. 
Captain,  Francisco  Rice.     Elected  June  9,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant.  John  B.  Poston.    Elected  November  14,  1802.    Died  of  wounds  received  in 
action,  March  1G,  1803. 
Second  Lieutenant,  W.  E.  Baker.    Elected  November  14, 1862.    Promoted  March  16,  1863, 
Brevet  Lieutenant,  W.  A.  Young.    Elected  November  14,  1802.    Promoted  March  10,  lS&i. 


FOURTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  Geo.  B.  Guild,  Nashville,  Tenx. 


The  troops  of  this  command  did  not  assume  a  regimental  form  till  just  before 
the  battle  of  Murfreesboro,  in  1862.  It  was  made  up  of  different  detachments 
which  had  been  in  the  service  from  the  beginning  of  the  war.  The  following 
were  its  officers:  Baxter  Smith,  Colonel;  Paul  F.  Anderson,  Lieutenant-colonel; 
W.  Scott  Bledsoe,  Major;  J.  A.  Minnis,  Adjutant,  who  was  captured  in  May,  after 
the  organization,  and  Geo.  B.  Guild  was  appointed  and  served  in  that  capacity  till 
the  surrender  in  1SG-3;  Marcellus  Grissom,  Captain  and  Assistant  Quartermaster; 
Wm.  Bone,  Captain  and  Assistant  Commissary;  W.  T.  Delaney,  Surgeon;  W.  T. 
Allen,  Assistant  Surgeon;  W.  A.  Rushing,  Sergeant-major;  J.  A.  Stewart,  Jas. 
Nance,  Buglers.  Co.  A,  Capt.  David  W.  Alexander;  Co.  B,  Capt.  C.  H.  Ingles; 
Co.  C,  Capt.  Geo.  Moore;  Co.  D,  Lieut.  Robt.  Bone;  Co.  E,  Capt.  H.  E.  Wyiy; 
Co.  F,  Capt.  Jas.  R.  Lester;  Co.  G,  Capt.  J.  W.  Nichol;  Co.  H,  Capt.  Samuel  If. 
Glover;  Co.  I,  Capt.  Robt.  Bledsoe;  Co.  K,  Capt.  James  H.  Britton;  Co.  L, tTapt. 
J.  J.  Parton. 

Recruited  as  follows:  Co.  A  in  Marshall  county;  Cos.  B  and  L  in  Sevier  and 
Knox  counties;  Co.  C  in  Smith  county;  Cos.  I),  F,  and  K  in  Wilson  and  De  Kalb 
counties;  Co.  G  m  Rutherford  and  Cannon  counties;  Co.  E  in  Cannon  county;  Co. 
H  in  Hamilton  county  and  North  Alabama;  and.  Co.  I  in  Fentress  county. 

The  regiment  was  brigaded  with  the  Eighth  and  Eleventh  Texas  and  Second 
Georgia.  Afterward  the  Second  Georgia  was  transferred,  and  the  First  Kentucky 
for  awhile,  and  at  the  surrender,  and  for  some  time  previous,  the  Third  Arkansas 
composed  the  brigade.  Col.  Thomas  Harrison,  oi  the  Eighth  Texas,  commanded 
the  brigade;  Maj.-gen.  John  A.  Wharton,  division  commander;  Gen.  Jos.  Wheeler, 
corps  commander.  Co.  K  \v;is  detached  the  greater  part  of  the  war,  serving  as  an 
escort  to  the  commanding  General. 


630  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


The  regiment  served  with  the  Array  of  Tennessee  throughout  the  war,  and  par- 
ticipated in  all  the  marches  and  battles  in  which  that  army  was  engaged,  and  sur- 
rendered with  it  at  Charlotte,  N.  C,  in  May,  I860.  The  regiment,  however,  did 
not  accompany  Gen.  Hood  into  Tennessee  in  1864,  from  the  fact  that  just  before 
the  fall  of  Atlanta  the  enemy's  cavalry,  under  Gens.  McCook  and  Stoneman,  had 
made  a  raid  to  our  rear,  and  after  returning  from  the  complete  destruction  of  these 
commands  the  regiment  went  with  Gen.  Wheeler  on  a  raid  into  Middle  Tennes- 
see. On  its  return  Hood  had  marched  into  Tennessee,  and  the  regiment  was  or- 
dered, with  other  cavalry,  to  watch  Sherman,  who  was  still  at  Atlanta,  and  after- 


ward marched  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  during  which  time  they  were  engaged  in  daily 
skirmishing  and  fighting.  Daring  this,  march  the  regiment  participated  in  two 
heavy  engagements  at  Griswoldsville  and  Buck  Head  Church,  losing  many  valu- 
able men  though  punishing  the  enemy  severely. 

?The  regiment  was  in  Savannah  when  Sherman,  with  his  army,  appeared  before 
the  city.  With  other  troops  it  assisted  in  disputing  the  entrance  to  the  city  for 
some  days.  The  forts  below  the  city  having  been  captured  by  the  enemy's  naval 
forces,  it  necessitated  an  evacuation  of  the  place.  We  retired  into  South  Caro- 
lina, participating  in  the  battles  of  Fayetteville  and  Averyboro,  and  again  came 
up  with  what  was  left  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee  at  Bentonville,  X.  C,  the  last 
general  engagement  of  that  army.  In  this  engagement  the  regiment  acted  a  con- 
spicuous part,  performing  service  as  worthy  of  honorable  mention  as  any  enacted 
during  the  war.  The  enemy,  with  an  infantry  force,  was  about  capturing  a  bridge, 
the  only  egress  of  the  army.  At  an  opportune  moment,  with  Gen.  Hardee  at  the 
head  of  the  column,  composed  of  the  Fourth  Tennessee  and  Eighth  Texas,  a 
charge  was  made  and  the  enemy  driven  back,  saving  the  bridge  and  army.  In 
this  charge  Gen.  Hardee's  son,  who  had  joined  the  command  that  day,  was  killed, 
with  many  other  valuable  officers  and  men. 

After  the  battle  of  Bentonville  the  army  retreated  through  Raleigh,  X.  C,  our 
regiment  acting  as  rear-guard.  At  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C,  while  engaged  in  a  skir- 
mish with  the  enemy,  it  was  apprised  for  the  first  time  of  the  pending  armistice 
between  Gens.  Sherman  and  Johnston.  The  last  hostile  gun  in  that  army  was 
fired  by  this  regiment. 

It  is  proper  to  state  that  there  were  two  Confederate  regiments  known  as  the 
Fourth  Tennessee  Cavalry — Starnes's  old  regiment  (Col.  McLemore)  and  Smith's 
Fourth  (Col.  Baxter  Smith).  This  regiment  was  enrolled  at  Richmond  as  the 
Eiglrth,  but  had  assumed  the  name  of  the  Fourth  before  it  was  known  that  Starnes 
claimed  that  number,  serving  as  they  were  in  different  departments.  Dibrell's 
regiment  had  claimed  the  name  of  Eighth.  Having  made  an  enviable  reputation 
.  under  that  name,  it  was  retained.  All  three  of  these  regiments  stood  high  as  sol- 
diers with  every  commanding  General  under  whom  they  served,  and  neither  was 
ever  apprehensive  that  its  character  would  sutler  by  the  conduct  of  the  other  or 
by  this  intermingling  of  names. 

It  is  not  expected  to  give  a  succinct  history  of  the  different  marches  and  battles 
in  which  this  regiment  was  engaged,  the  privations  of  their  soldier-life,  the  abso- 
lute suffering  at  times  for  every  necessary  of  life,  the  exposure  to  a  summer  sun 
and  heat  and  to  the  frosts  and  snow  of  winter  during  their  long  and  toilsome 
marches,  nor  the  long,  dark  night  of  captivity  of  many  of  them  in  Northern  pris- 
ons.    Tiie  history  of  every  civilized  war  pales  into  insignificance  before  it.     No 


Eegtmental  Histories  and  Memorial  Kolls.         G31 

cavalry  regiment  stood  higher  .with  the  General  in  command,  and  none  made  a 
more  brilliant  record.  It  participated  in  nearly  every  great  battle  from  Shiloh 
to  Bentonviile.  Its  dead  sleep  on  every  field  where  the  army  fought,  and  many 
among  its  survivors  are  maimed  and  wounded.  On  its  battle-flag  can  be  inscribed 
Shiloh,  Perryville,  Mtirfreesboro,  Chiekamauga,  Dalton,  Tunnel  Hill,  Resaca,  New 
Hope  Church,  Marietta,  Atlanta,  Xewnan,  Griswoldsville,  Buck  Head  Church, 
Saltville  (Va.),  Fayetteville  (X.  C),  Bentonviile,  and  a  hundred  other  engage- 
ments of  less  importance. 

At  Chiekamauga  the  regiment  went  into  the  fight  eight  hundred  strong.  At 
the  date  of  the  surrender  at  Charlotte,  X.  C,  they  numbered  nearly  three  hun- 
dred. The  roster  was  as  follows:  Baxter  Smith,  Colonel  commanding  the  brigade; 
Geo.  B.  Guild,  Captain  and  Assistant  Adjutant-general;  Jas.  R.  Tester,  Captain 
and  Assistant  Inspector-general;  P.  F.  Anderson,  Lieutenant-colonel  commanding 
the  regiment;  W.  Scott  Bledsoe,  Major;  John  Price,  Assistant  Quartermaster; 
Lieut.  Crozier,  Acting  Adjutant;  II.  McClain,  Acting  Assistant  Quartermaster; 
Wm.  McClain,  Assistant  Commissary;  W.  T.  Delaney,  Surgeon;  Wm.  Allen,  As- 
sistant Surgeon;  W*  W.  Hendricks,  Chaplain;  W.  A.  Rushing,  Sergeant-major; 
Jas.  Nance,  Bugler.  Co.  A,  Lieut.  Bice  McClain  commanding;  Co.  B,  Capt.  C. 
H.  Ingles;  Co.  C,  Capt.  Geo.  Moore;  Co.  D,  Lieut.  B.  Bone;  Co.  E,  Capt.  H.  E. 
Wyly;  Co.  F,  Lieut.  W.  H.  Phillips;  Co.  G.  Capt.  J.  W.  Nxchol;  Cos.  H  and  L 
(consolidated),  Lieut.  Hight;  Co.  I,  Lieut.  John  Story;  Co.  K,  Capt.  J.  H.  Brit- 
ton. 

Many  gallant  officers  and  men  were  killed  or  disabled  in  battle,  and  we  regret 
that  we  have  not  the  memoranda  from  which  to  make  an  honorable  mention  of 
all  of  them.  It  would  be  invidious  to  name  some  and  leave  out  others  equally  as 
meritorious.  As  will  be  seen,  the  companies  were  recruited  in  different  sections 
of  the  State.  Many  of  the  survivors  have  since  died,  others  have  scattered  to  dif- 
ferent States,  and  it  has  been  an  impossibility  to  get  the  necessary  reports  upon 
which  to  base  an  accurate  statement.  This  is  to  be  regretted.  In  fact,  there 
seems  to  be  a  culpable  indifference  on  the  part  of  the  Confederate  soldier  to  do 
any  thing  to  preserve  to  posterity  the  glory  he  so  nobly  won.  Many  of  them 
sleep  in  their  blankets  in  distant  and  unmarked  graves;  and  when  memory  at 
times  reverts  to  the  gory  fields  where  they  lost  their  lives,  we  can  but  exclaim 

Ah.  realm  of  tombs!  but  let  it  bear 

This  blazon  to  the  last  of  time: 
No  nation  rose  so  white  and  fair 

Or  fell  so  pure  of  crime. 


Feo^i  Gen.  Joseph  AVheelee. 

The  Fourth  Tennessee  Cavalry  (Wheeler's  Cavalry  Corps)  was  organized  at  Nolensville, 
Term.,  November  1,  1S62. 

List  of  officers  killed  or  died  of  exposure  or  wounds,  wounded  in  battle,  promoted,  trans- 
ferred, resigned,  etc.,  during  the  war: 

Colonel. 

Smith,  Baxter,  wounded  at  Woodbury,  Tenn.,  Sept.  1,  18G3. 

Lieutenant -colonel. 
Anderson,  Paul  F.,  wounded  at  Fort  Donelson,  Feb.  3,  1803. 


632 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Adjutants. 
Guild,  George  B.,  appointed   May,   1SC3,  and  I  Minnis,  J.  A.,  captured  May,  1£03. 
acted  until  the  surrender  of  the  armies. 

Captains. 
Alexander,  D.  W.,  wounded  at  Murfreesboro. 

Tenn.,  Jan.  1,  1888. 
Ingles,  C.  H.,  wounded  in  battle. 
Cunningham,  F.,  resigned. 
Moore,  George  C,  wounded  in  battle. 
Phillips,  J.  M.,  wounded  at  Perryville,  Oct.  8. 

1862,  and  at  Murfreesboro,  L>ee.  31.  1882. 
Lester,  J.  R.,  wounded  at  Murfreesboro,  Dee. 

31,  1882. 

First  Lieutenants. 
MeClain,  A.  R.,  wounded  at  Farmington,  1S63,  j  Preston,  H.  L.,  wounded  at  Chiekamauga,  and 

and  Dalton,  May,  1864.  !      at  Moruingsville,  N.  C,  April  1, 1365. 

Massengill,  J.  T.,  wounded  at  Murfreesboro    Youree.  IX  L. 

and  Moruingsville,  N.  C,  April,  1S65.  Gam,  William,  wounded  at  Morrison  Station, 

Moore,  G.  C,  promoted  and  wounded.  Aug.,  1862. 


Wyly,  H.  A. 

Nichol,  J.  W.,  wounded  at  Woodbury,  April, 

1SC3. 
Glover,  S.  H.,  wounded  at  Morrison  Station, 

Aug.,  1862. 
Bledsoe,  R.  H.,  k.  in  battle,  1864. 
Britcon,  J.  H. 
Partin,  J.,  k.  in  battle  at  Chiekamauga. 


Guild,  George  B.,  promoted.  -  MeGee,  J.  R. 

Bone,  R.  C,  wounded  at  Readyville,  Tenn.,  i  Corbett,  W.  B.,  wounded  at  Chiekamauga.' 

1864.  Russell, . 

Burgess,  C.  T.  ' 

Second  Lieutenants. 
Orr,  J.  L.  1  Lagly,  J.  A.,  d.  in  prison,  1864. 

Baird,  C.  A.  McKoight,  F.  W. 

Carmack,  G.  W.,  promoted.  Light,  William. 

Massengill,  J.  F.,  k.  in  battle,  March  10,  1S65.    j  Bowman,  R.  F.,  k.  in  battle,  1S64. 
Scruggs,  R.   L.,  wounded  at  3furfreeeshoro,  j  Elliott,  G.  R. 


1363,  and  at  New  Hope  Church,  Ga.,  1804. 
Hogan,  J.  E. 
Barbee,  J.  T.,  wounded  at  New  Hope  Church, 

Ga^  1864. 
Arnold,  J.  S.,  wounded  in  battle,  1864. 
Sullivan,  W.  L. 
Fathera,  J.  R. 
Williamson,  J.  H. 
Phillips,  W.  H.,  wounded  in  battle,  Aug.,  1S64. 


Hildreth,  William,  promoted. 
Anderson,  DeWitt. 
Henry,  William,  promoted. 
Scoggins,  Sam. 
Glover,  W.,  promoted. 
Story,  John,  promoted. 
Fields,  Richard,  resigned,  1864. 
Easley, ,  d.  of  disease,  1863. 


Official,']  Firld  and  Staff,  Foerth  Tennessee  Cavaery. 

Colonel,  Baxter  Smith;  Lieutenant-colonel,  P.  F.  Anderson;  Major,  W.  S.  Bledsoe;  Adju- 
tant, J.  A.  Minnis;  Quartermaster,  J.  31.  Grissom ;  Commissary,  W.  D.  Bone;  Assistant  Sur- 
geon, W.  T.  Delaney. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  D.  W.  Alexander. 


Bell,  J.  C,  k.  at  Crab  Orchard,  Ky.,  Oct.  14, 1862. 
Reid,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Crab  Orchard,  Ky.,  Oct.  11, 

1862. 
Curran,  James,  k.  at  Morrison's  Depot,  Tenn., 

Aug.  16. 1862. 
Crockett,  F.  81.,  k.  at  Morrison's  Depot,  Tenn.. 

AU2. 16,  1S62. 


Wood,  B.  S.,  k.  near  Readyville,  Tenn.,  Nov. 

20,  1862. 
Anderson,  N.,  k.  at  Lewisburg,  Tenn.,  Dec.  12, 

1862. 
Seintifer,  P.  C,  d.  Feb.  15, 1862. 
Haro,  T.,  d.  in  Washington  county,  Va.,  April 

27,  1862. 


Ellison,  J.  H.,  k.  at  Morrison's  Depot,  Tenn.,  J  Thomas,  James,  d.  at  Huntersville,  Va.,  M^rch 

Aug.  16,  1862.  !      27,  1862. 

Neil,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Morrison's  Depot,  Tenn.,  Aug.  j  Watts,  W.  A.,  d.  at  Greenwood,  Va.r  April  27, 

16,  1S62,  j      1S62. 

Ogalvie,  R.  H.,  d.  Sept.  IS,  1861.  |  Gentry,  J.  M.,  d.  Sept.  18,  1861. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


6:?^ 


COMPANY  B. 
Captains:  C.  H.  Ingles  and  31.  A.  Christian. 
King,  M.  G.,  drowned  at  Knoxville,  Oct.  5,  I8G2.  j  February,  George,  d.  at  Knoxville. 

Hearn,  Second  Lieut.  R.  E.,  d.  from  tlie  effects 
of  wounds  received   in  battle  near  Dalton, 


Liodawood,  J.  L.,  k.  at  Murfreesboro,  Dec.  31 

1862. 
Giesler,  Second  Lieut.  David,   d.  at  Berlin 

Tenn.,  of  disease,  March  17, 1863. 


Ga.,  May  9, 1864. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captains:  Francis  Cunningham  and  E.  L.  Lindsey. 
.  Comer,  J.  J.,  k.  at  Readyville,  Tenn.,  Sept.  6, 1864. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  M.  Phillips. 


Jones,  Thompson,  d.  May  25,  1863. 
Organ,  W.  H.,  d.  Feb.  10,  1863. 
Whittock,  D.  F.,  d.  M  -  reh  12,  1863. 
Barlow,  John,  k.  in  action. 
Smith,  J.  M.,  k.  in  action. 
Williams,  James,  k.  in  action. 


McMillan,  J.  M.,k.  in  action  at  Franklin,  Tenn.. 

Dec.  12,  1862. 
Prichett,  Jasper,  d.  at  Murfreesboro,  Dec.  15, 

1862. 
Dougherty,  John  N,  k.  Sept  6, 1862. 


COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  H.  A.  Wyly. 

Hume,  J.  H.,  d.  May  30, 1S63. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  James  R.  Lester. 


Williams.  W.  H.,  d.  Nov.  10, 1862. 


Martin,  *.  R..  d.  Nov.  30, 1862. 
Roberson,  J.  B.,  d.  Dec.  12. 1862. 
Roberson,  S.  A.,  u.  Nov.  27,  1862. 
Webber,  C.  M.,  k.  Dec.  21,  1862. 
Witherspoon.  D.C.,  k.  Oct.  16,  1862 
Bynum,  W.  M.,  d.  April  28,  1863. 
Baker,  J.  A.,  d.  April  28, 1S63. 


1  Prichett,  John,  d.  May  12, 1862. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  J.  W.  Niehol. 

•Dougherty,  James,  d.  from  gunshot  wound, 
April  18,  1863. 
Hughes,  J.  C,  k.  March  30,  1863. 
Todd,  C.  H.,  d.  March  18, 1803. 
Talbert,  D.  W.,  k.  March  4,  1863. 
Todd,  W.  A.,  d.  May  13,  1863. 
Jones,  J.  E.,  d.  June  26, 1S63. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  Samuel  H.  Glover. 


Barlow,  John,  k.  in  action  Aug.  31,  lSb3. 

Gilliam,  Jacob,  d. 

Smith,  J.  M.,  k.  in  action  Dec.  12, 1862. 


Williams,  James,  k.  in  action  Oct.  8,  1862. 
Wadkins,  Thomas,  d. 


Poor,  John,  k.  in  action. 
Adkins,  J.  F.,  k.  in  action. 
Jewett,  A.C.,  k.  in  action. 
Padgett,  John,  k.  in  action. 


COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  R.  H.  Bledsoe. 

|  Cum  mi  rigs,  W.  F.,  k.  in  action. 
I  Allen,  W.,  k.  id  action, 
j  Linder,  J.  J.,  k.  in  action. 

I 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  James  H.  Britton. 


G34  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


FIFTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY, 


Official] 


Colonel,  G.  W.  MoKenzie. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captains:  J.  L.  Blaekwell  and  A.  J.  Ragon. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captains:  John  Biythe  and  James  M.  Kineaid. 
Davis,  T.  H.,  d.  Nov.  20, 1862.  j  Crabtree,  Calvin,  d.  March  20,  1803,  in  Roane 

Wilkerson,  Claiborn,  d.  Nov.  21,  1SG2.  |     county,  Tenn. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  W.O., Martin. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  A.  W.  Beegles. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Thaddeus  M.  Carder. 


\ 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  A.  L.  Mima 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  William  B.  Jone 
Kite,  Brownlow,  d.  at  Knoxville. 
Gibson,  James,  d.  in  hospital  at  Jacksboro, 
Tenn.,  Feb.  2G,  1S63, 


Koehrehan,  W.  C,  d.  at  home. 
Horner,  Isaac  N.,  d.  near  Williamsburg,  Ky., 
April  20, 1363,  having  been  accidentally  shot. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  W.  W.  Mullendore. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  W.  W.  Lillard. 
-   -  Singleton,  William,  d.  in  hospital  at  Covington,  Ga.,  July  28,  1SG4 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  D.  C.  Ghormley. 
McEldry,  William,  k.  Nov.  2S,  1362.  j  Farmer,  John,  k.  March  6,  1S63. 

Alexander,  James,  d.  in  hospital  at  Clinton,  i  Gladdin,  WiHiam,  d.  at  home,  April  22,  1363. 
April  29,  !Sf53.  ' 



I 


SECOND  BATTALION  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

Official.]  

Lieutenant-colonel,  G.  W.  McKenzie. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  J.  L.  Blaekwell. 

Blansit,  G.  II..   wounded  at  Wallace's  Cross- 1  Cannon,  R.  M.,  d.  Oct.  5, 1862,  at  Chickamai 
roads,  July  15,  1862,  and  d.  July  13, 1S62.  |     Tenn. 


C  a  P  T    J    P     Rl/3  5 


■■■'■*  «i 


COL.W.   L.OUCKWORTI 


if 


v 


EU  '    M  J    li  v  i  MGSTONE 


PRIVATE    JAM£5 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


635 


FIRST  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY/ 


Official.] 


Colonel,  John  F.  Rogers. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  A.  J.  Brock. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Wm,  L.  Erovvn. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Robert  W.  McClang. 


Pearson,  Duke  W.,  d.  at  home,  March  12, 1862. 
Thomas,  Jackson,  k.  at  Big-  Creek,  March  U, 

1S62. 
Dunn,  Levi,  d.  in  Maury  county,  Ga.,  Jan.  11, 

1862,  from  measles. 


Bain,  Andrew  B.,  d.  at  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  June 

21,  18(32,  from  the  effect  of  measle3, 
Devers,  Poland,  d.  Jan.  11,  1S62,  from  the  effect 

of  measles. 
Hammond?.  John  W.,  k.  at  Big  Creek,  March 

20,  1862,  by  the  Federals. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Thomas  S.  Gorman. 

COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  J.  L.  Blackwell. 

Blackwell,  R.,  d.  at  Knoxville,  Term,  Feb.  15, 1S62. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  John  B.  McLin. 
Proffitt,  Jeremiah  W.,  d.  Jan.  19, 1S62.  i  Broyles,  A.  T.,  d.  at  home,  April  7, 1862. 

Porter,  "William,  k.  in  action  April  3, 1S62,  in    Kinchelo,  George,  k.  accidentally,  May  7, 1362 
Scott  county.  1     at  Kingston,  Tenn. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  James  M.  Kincaid. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  J.  G.  M.  Montgomery 


SEVENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  a  Committee  of  Officers,  Memphis  and  Brownsville,  Tenn. 

The  nucleus  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  known  as  "  Logwood's  Bat- 
talion," which  was  composed  of  the  Memphis  Light  Dragoons,  Capt.  Thos.  II. 
Logwood,  of  Shelby  county;  the  Shelby  Light  Dragoons,  Capt.  John  G.  liallen- 
tine,  of  Shelby  county;  Hill's  Cavalry,  Capt.  Charles  II.  Hill,  of  Tipton  county; 
and  the  Tennessee  Mounted  Kifles,  Capt.  Jo.  White,  of  Shelby  county.  These 
four  companies  were  organized  into  a  battalion  at  Columbus,  Ky.,  during  the  fall 
of  1S61  by  the  election  of  Thos.  H.  Logwood  Lieutenant-colonel  and  Chas.  H. 
Hill  Major,  with  John  W.  Somerville  Adjutant;  Lieut.  W.  F.  Taylor  being  pro- 
moted to  be  Captain  of  ibe  Memphis  Light  Dragoons  and  Lieut.  J.  V.  Green  Cap- 
tain of  Hill's  Cavalry. 

The  battalion  was  kept  steadily  employed  in  outpost  duty,  and  had  several  small 
skirmishts.    During  the  battle  of  Belmont  a  portion  of  the  battalion  was  engaged 


;The  or'trinal  Fifth. 


636 


MitiTABY  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


on  the  Missouri  side  of  the  river,  the  renin inder  being  held  in  reserve  on  the  bluffi, 
Kentucky  side. 

The  winter  of  1861-2  was  spent  in  scouting  by  detachments,  the  command  oc- 
cupying a  camp  of  wooden  huts  built  by  themselves  on  Bayou  Desha,  Ky.  Early 
in  the  spring  of  1SG2,  Wra.  H.  Jackson,  Captain  of  Artillery,  C.  S.  A.,  was  or- 
dered by  Gen.  G.  T.  Beauregard  to  organize  a  cavalry  regiment  from  the  detached 
companies  of  West  Tennessee,  and  "  Logwood's  Battalion  "  being  ordered  to  L  nion 
City,  the  Seventh  Tennessee  was  massed  preliminary  to  a  regular  organization, 
with  Wffl.  H.  Jackson  acting  as  its  Colonel  and  Chas.  II.  Hill  Major. 

An  attack  by  a  detachment  of  Federal  cavalry  from  Hiekman,  Ky.,  only  ten 
miles  distant,  caught  the  unorganized  regiment  only  partly  armed  and  imperfectly 
supplied  with  ammunition;  but  poocjy  prepared  as  it  was,  its  defense,  in  spite  of 
the  surprise,  was  so  vigorous  that  the  attacking  party  fell  back,  doing  but  little 
damage.  The  several  companies,  conscious  of  their  weakness,  went  into  new 
quarters  at  Trenton,  Tenn.  Here,  being  joined  by  Capts.  II.  C.  McCutchen,  J.  J. 
Neeley,  J.  G.  Slocks,  C.  C.  Clay,  and  K.  W.  Haywood,  with  their  respective  com- 
panies, the  regiment  was  partially  organized  May  24,  under  the  same  officers;  and 
in  various  duties  the  command  was  steadily  occupied  on  the  front  and  flanks  of 
the  Southern  army,  with  head-quarters  at  Kipley,  Brownsville,  Jackson,  Term., 
and  other  points  between  the  Mississippi  and  Tennessee  rivers.  The  only  note- 
worthy occurrence  amidst  numbers  of  small  encounters  at  this  period  was  the  com- 
plete surprise  and  capture  in  May  of  a  command  of  Federal  cavalry  at  Lockridge's 
Mill,  near  the  Kentucky  line.  A  quantity  of  camp  equipage,  a  number  of  horses, 
and  eighty  prisoners  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  young  regiment  on  this  occasion. 

Soon  after  Fort  Pillow  was  evacuated  by  Gen.  Villepigue,  his  retreat  being  cov- 
ered principally  by  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry,  which  crossed  the  Memphis 
and  Louisville  railroad  at  Shelby  Station  and  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  rail- 
road at  Colliersville,  moving  by  way  of  Holly  Springs  to  Abbeville,  Miss.,  where 
by  order  of  Gen.  Villepigue  the  regiment  (June  10,  1S62)  went  into  an  election 
for  field  officers,  resulting  in  a  regimental  organization  as  follows: 

"Win.  H.  Jackson,  Colonel;  J.  G.  Stocks,  Lieutenant-colonel;  W.  L.  Duckworth, 
Major;  Joseph  Wicks,  Adjutant. 

Co.  A,  from  Shelby  county :  W.  F.  Taylor,  Captain ;  J.  W.  Sneed,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; Henry  W.  Watkins,  Second  Lieutenant;  W.  L.  Certain,  Bvt.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  B,  from  Haywood,  Fayette,  and  Tipton  counties:  J.  P.  F.ussell,  Captain;  H. 
T.  Sale,  First  Lieutenant;  Isaac  N.  Stinson,  Second  Lieutenant;  Peter  Winn,  aft- 
erward succeeded  by  Eobt.  J.  Black,  Bvt.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C,  from  Shelby  county:  S.  P.  Bassett,  Captain;  John  T.  Lawler,  First 
Lieutenant;  John  Albrecht,  Second  Lieutenant;  Wm.  Griffin,  Bvt.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  D,  from  Haywood  county:  L.  W.  Taliaferro,  Captain;  H.  J.  Livingston, 
First  Lieutenant;  L  H.  Read.  Second  Lieutenant;  T.J.  Mann,  Bvt.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  E,  from  Hardeman  county:  W.  J.  Tate,  Captain;  J.  P.  Statler,  First 
Lieutenant;  Lee  Buffin,  Second  Lieutenant;  Fisk  Weaver,  Bvt.  Second  Lieuten- 
ant. 

Co.  F,  from  Haywood  county:  C.  C.  Clay,  Captain;   C.  H.  Jones,  First  Lieu- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


037 


tenant;  W.  W.  Robertson,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  E.  Gregory,  Bvt.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  G,  from  Henry  county:  F.  F.  Aden,  Captain;  J.  J.  Blake,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; Benj.  Diggs,  Second  Lieutenant;  W.  N.  Griffin,  Bvt.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  IT,  from  Weakley  county:  H.  C.  McCutchen,  Captain;  J.  A.  Jenkins, 
First  Lieutenant;  James  Williams,  Second  Lieutenant;  E.  T.  Ilollis,  Bvt.  Second 
Lieutenant. 

Co.  I,  from  Tipton  county:  James  R.  Alexander,  Captain;  W.  P.  Malone, 
First  Lieutenant;  Phil.  A.  Fisher,  Second  Lieutenant;  E.  M.  Downing,  Bvt.  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, 

Co.  K,  from  Shelby  and  Fayette  counties:  J.  A.  Anderson,  Captain;  J.  S. 
Hiller,  First  Lieutenant;  John  Trent,  Second  Lieutenant;  E.  R.  Scruggs,  Bvt. 
Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  L,  from  Haywood  county:  James  Allen  Taylor,  Captain;  Alex.  Duck- 
worth, First  Lieutenant;  C.  S.  Taliaferro,  Second  Lieutenant;  Frank  Pugh,  Bvt. 
Second  Lieutenant,  succeeded  by  Win.  Witherspoon,  Third  Lieutenant. 

Co.  M,  from  Haywood  and  Lauderdale  counties:  Ben  T.  Davis,  Captain;  W. 
H.  Hoover,  First  Lieutenant;  C.  S.  O.  Rice,  Second  Lieutenant;  James  L.  Liv- 
ingston, Bvt.  Second  Lieutenant. 

In  August,  1862,  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry,  together  with  the  First  Mis- 
souri and  First  Mississippi  cavalry  regiments,  under  Brig.-gen.  Armstrong,  moved 
into  West  Tennessee,  and  engaged  in  assaults  upon  the  enemy  at  Bolivar  and  Me- 
don,  the  object  of  the  movement  being  simply  to  harass  the  enemy.  On  Septem- 
ber 1,  whilst  marching  near  Denmark,  Tenn.,  a  brigade  of  Federals  under  Col. 
Dennis  was  suddenly  encountered,  and  a  spirited  engagement  ensued,  afterward 
known  as  the  battle  of  Britton's  Lane.  This  engagement  resulted  in  a  drawn  bat- 
tle, with  the  advantage  very  decidedly  in  favor  of  the  Confederates.  In  these  sev- 
eral battles  and  skirmishes  the  Seventh  Tennessee  lost  considerably  in  killed  and 
wounded,  among  the  latter  being  included  the  Major  of  the  regiment. 

Returning  into  North  Mississippi,  the  regiment,  under  Col.  Jackson,  partici 
pated  in  the  campaign  under  Gen.  Earl  Van  Dorn,  and  during  the  march  north, 
in  advance,  captured  a  Federal  force  at  Davis's  Bridge.  This  campaign  ended  in 
the  disastrous  repulse  and  retreat  from  Corinth,  Miss.,  October  4,  1862.  In  this 
battle  companies  G  and  IT,  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee,  under  Capts.  F.  F.  Aden 
and  Hi  C.  McCutchen,  were  detailed  as  an  advance-guard  to  Gen.  Price,  and  on 
the  second  day  of  the  retreat  built  the  rough-and-ready  bridge  across  Hatchie 
River,  over  which  Van  Dorn  made  his  escape  from  Rosecrans's  army  in  the  rear 
and  Hurlbert's  in  his  front. 

After  the  battle  of  Corinth  a  Federal  expedition  upon  a  large  scale  was  pro- 
jected by  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant,  who  marched  from  Memphis,  Tenn.,  south-east,  and 
reached  as  far  as  Holly  Springs,  with  his  advance  at  Oxford,  the  Confederate  forces 
meanwhile  massing  rapidly  about  Grenada,  in  his  front.  From  Grenada  Gen. 
Van  Dorn,  with  about  twenty-five  hundred  cavalry,  including  the  Seventh  Tennes- 
see, made  a  forced  march  of  about  ninety  miles,  and  succeeded  ki  getting  to 
Grant's  rear  at  Holly  Springs,  completely  surprising  the  force  at  that  point  and 
capturing  it  entire,  together  with  over  live  million  dollars  worth  of  army  store-s, 
which  were  destroyed.  This  brilliant  achievement  completely  broke  the  plan  of 
Gen,  Grant,  stopped  his  advance,  and  compelled  the  Federal  army  to  fall  back  to 


638 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


its  base  at  Memphis,  where  Grant  occupied  himself  in  arranging  a  new  expedition 
through  Yazoo  Pass.  Gen.  Van  Don?,  however,  did  not  wait  lor  Giant's  retreat, 
but  rapidly  moved  his  force  up  the  Mississippi  Central  railroad,  engaging  the  en- 
emy at  Davis's  Mill  and  again  at  Middleton,  Tenn.,  finally  moving  upon  a  Fed- 
eral force  at  Bolivar,  Tenn.,  where  there  was  a  brisk  engagement  without  [/artic- 
ular result;  and  having  thus  successfully  accomplished  the  object  of  his  move- 
ment, he  returned  with  his  command  leisurely  to  needed  rest  with  the  main  body 
of  the  army  at  Grenada,  Miss. 

Gen.  Pemberton  now  succeeded  Gen.  Van  Dora  in  command  at  Grenada,  and 
the  army  was  withdrawn  from  that  point  to  Jackson  and  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  a  con- 
siderable force  under  Gens.  Loring  and  Tilghman  being  sent  to  Greenwood,  at  the 
head  of  the  Yazoo,  to  intercept  the  movement  of  the  Federals  toward  the  Yazoo 
Pass.  At  or  near  the  confluence  of  the  Tallahatchie  and  Yallabusba  rivers  Fort 
Pemberton  was  built,  and  the  enemy's  gun-boats  successfully  kept  at  bay.  The  only 
cavalry  with  Loring  and  Tilghman  was  the  main  portion  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee, 
under  Col.  Stocks,  Jackson  having  been  made  a  Brigadier-general  and  ordered 
to  Middle  Tennessee  with  Van  Dora.  By  Col.  Jackson's  promotion  J.  G.  Stocks 
became  Colonel,  and  W.  L.  Duckworth  Lieutenant-colonel  by  seniority.  Several 
companies  were  detached  from  the  regiment  on  special  service.  Company  A,  un- 
der Capt.  Wm.  F.  Taylor,  was  taken  as  escort  by  Gen.  \Y.  II.  Jackson;  Company 
B,  under  Capt.  J.  B.  Russell,  reported  to  Gen.  Loring  in  person  for  special  duty; 
and  Company  C,  under  Capt.  John  T.  Lawler  (who  had  succeeded  Capt.  Bassett, 
mortally  wounded  at  Medon,  Tenn.},  was  ordered  to  North  Mississippi  to  watch 
the  movements  of  the  enemy  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  cover  Major  Simmons,  who 
was  gathering  army  supplies  in  that  section. 

Shortly  afterward  Gen.  Chalmers  was  ordered  to  Xorth  Mississippi  to  take  com- 
mand of  that  department,  Company  C,  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry,  forming 
the  nucleus  about  which  he  concentrated  the  scattered  forces  therein.  In  Febru- 
ary or  March  the  main  body  of  the  regiment,  conjoined  with  McCullough's  First 
Missouri  and  Slimmons's  Second  Arkansas  regiments  of  cavalry,  were  ordered  to 
report  together  to  Gen.  Chalmers.  Early  in  the  summer  Gen.  Chalmers  organ- 
ized an  expedition  to  the  Mississippi  Paver,  marching  his  force  to  a  point  about 
fifty  miles  below  Memphis.  The  Federals,  receiving  intimation  of  the  intended 
movement,  sent  out  a  force  of  cavalry  and  artillery  to  intercept  him.  which  was 
met  and  routed  near  Hernando,  Miss.  Hotly  pressed_,  the  Federals  fled  in  confu- 
sion, leaving  their  dead  and  wounded  on  the  field.  They  were  pursued  to  the  vi- 
cinity of  Memphis,  many  guns,  pistols,  horses,  saddles,  and  prisoners  falling  into 
the  hands  of  the  Southern  forces.  In  this  engagement  Ave  had  several  wounded, 
among  the  number  Lieut.  Hubert  J.  Black,  of  Company  B. 

Capt.  John  T.  Lawler,  wdio  with  his  company  (C)  was  at  this  time  ordered  to 
follow,  overtake,  and  rejoin  the  command,  in  marching  near  the  Coldwater,  dis- 
covered a  force  of  Federals  about  one  thousand  strong,  under  Gen.  Wisener,  mov- 
ing rapidly  with  a  view  of  capturing  Chalmers's  wagon-train,  then  unconscious 
of  danger,  quietly  preparing  for  camp  only  a  few  miles  ahead.  Notifying  Maj. 
W.  D.  Leiper,  commanding  wagon-train,  of  his  danger,  Cant.  Lawler,  with  his 
little  command,  took  post  at  Matthews' s  Ferry,  on  Coldwater  River,  and  the  ad- 
vance of  the  Federals  marched  headlong  into  the  ambush,  and  were  astonished 
by  receiving  volley  after  volley  from  the  Confederates,  which  emptied  many  sad- 


Regimental  Histobies  and  Memorial  Rolls.        030 


dies  before  they  could  wind  back  up  the  steep  bluff-road  to  shelter.  Ignorant  of 
the  force  in  their  front,  and  unprovided  with  quick  means  of  crossing  the  miry 
stream,  the  Federals  were  checked  in  their  advance  for  nearly  half  a  day,  after 
which  Capt.  Lawler,  with  his  small  company  of  only  about  twenty-five  men,  by 
watchful  activity  and  steady  skirmishing  at  every  suitable  point  in  the  muddy 
river  bottom,  successfully  delayed  the  raidt-rs,  making  his  final  stand  at  Wal- 
nut Lake,  the  crossing  of  which  he  successfully  held  until  the  lake  itself  waa 
flanked  by  the  Federals.  This  persistent  resistance,  which  was  materially  aided 
by  the  character  of  the  bottom  through  which  they  were  moving,  saved  the  train, 
which  successfully  joined  the  army  the  next  day. 

"While  the  main  portion  of  the  regiment  was  thus  engaged,  Gen.  Jackson  was 
actively  employed  in  Middle  Tennessee,  and  Capt.  W.  F.  Taylor,  with  his  compa- 
ny (A)  acting  as  escort,  participated  in  numerous  skirmishes,  making  a  gallant 
charge  near  Spring  Hill  which  called  forth  high  compliments  from  the  General 
commanding.  This  company,  though  actively  and  constantly  engoged  in  arduous 
duties,  did  not  rejoin  the  regiment  for  nearly  a  year.  Captain  Russell's  company 
(B)  was  with  Gen.  Loring  for  nearly  the  same  length  of  time,  serving  steadily  in 
a  difficult  country  for  cavalry — around  Greenwood,  Canton,  and  Jackson. 

The  latter  part  of  the  summer  and  in  early  fall  the  regiment  remained  in  North 
Mississippi  with  Gen.  Chalmers,  recruiting,  drilling,  and  scouting  into  West  Ten- 
nessee. Col.  Stocks's  health  failing,  he  resigned  his  position,  and  Lieut.-col.  Duck- 
worth, by  seniority,  became  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  For  some  months  after  this 
promotion  the  Seventh  Tennessee  had  but  a  single  field  officer. 

The  only  notable  event  of  this  autumn  affecting  the  regiment  was  a  raid  made 
by  Gen.  Chalmers  upon  Salem,  Oct.  Sth,  where  there  was  heavy  fighting,  the  Sev- 
enth making  a  gallant  charge,  driving  the  enemy  in  every  direction.  On  October 
11th  Gen.  Chalmers  moved  upon  Colliersville,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston 
railroad  in  Tennessee,  at  which  point  the  Federals  occupied  a  strong  fort.  Col- 
liersville was  completely  surprised,  the  enemy  being  driven  into  its  inner  works. 
It  so  happened  that  on  the  same  day  Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman,  with  a  large  force,  had 
moved  by  railroad  out  from  Memphis,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad; 
and  this  purely  accidental  reinforcement,  by  adding  largely  to  its  numbers,  saved 
the  entire  garrison  from  capture.  The  surprise,  however,  was  absolute;  the  Fed- 
erals, just  arrived  and  expecting  only  a  temporary  halt,  Avere  driven  from  the 
train.  Gen.  Sherman  himself  narrowly  escaped  capture,  but  his  sword  and  a 
beautiful  mare,  together  with  several  of  his  staff  officers  and  escort,  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  Confederates.  The  triumph,  however,  Avas  short-lived,  and  after 
several  gallant  charges,  in  one  of  which  Gen.  Chalmers  was  wounded,  the  Confed- 
erates, overwhelmed  by  the  strong  force  of  the  enemy,  were  forced  to  fall  back 
behind  Pigeon  Eoost  Creek,  and  the  next  day  retired  to  Holly  Springs.  In  this 
very  severe  engagement  Col.  W.  L.  Duckworth  was  in  charge  of  the  brigade,  Capt. 
John  T.  Lawler,  the  senior  officer  present,  being  in  command  of  the  Seventh  Ten- 
nessee, which  took  a  conspicuous  part  in  every  charge,  and  especially  in  the  ini- 
tial one  which  captured  the  train.  During  one  of  the  fiercest  charges  made  by 
this  command  many  of  the  regiment  were  killed  and  wounded,  Capt.  Lawler  be- 
ing among  the  latter.  He  received  four  wounds,  one  of  which  shattered  his  arm, 
while  leading  his  men.  Being  unable  to  travel,  he  subsequently  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  enemy.     Capt.  Alex.   Duckworth   (successor  to  J.  A.  Taylor],  of 


(MO  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Company  L,  who  succeeded  Capt.  Lawler  when  the  latter  fell,  was  also  wounded, 
and  lost  the  use  of  an  arm. 

The  Seventh  Tennessee  acted  as  rear-guard  during  the  retreat,  and  had  several 
spirited  engagements,  including  a  severe  fight  at  Wyat.t,  on  the  Tallahatchie  River. 
During  these  severe  engagements,  in  the  absence  of  several  officers  either  on  duty 
or  wounded,  Lieut.  II.  J.  Livingston,  of  Company  D,  commanded  the  regiment, 
and  by  his  steadiness  and  good  judgment,  successfully  checked  the  active  progress 
of  the  pursuing  enemy,  until  finding  nothing  further  to  be  gained  but  hard  blows, 
they  gave  up  the  chase  and  returned  to  Colliersville.  At  the  time  of  this  raid 
Capt.  F.  F.  Aden  with  his  company  (G)  was  in  West  Tennessee  with  Col.  T.  H. 
Bell,  recruiting  and  organizing  troops,  but  afterward  was  attached  to  Gen.  For- 
i  rest's  command  in  that  section. 

About  this  time  occurred  the  engagement  at  Moscow  with  Col.  Hatch's  Federal 
force,  during  which  companies  C  and  D,  under  command  of  Capt.  L.  W.  Talia- 
ferro, performed  the  remarkable  feat  of  capturing  by  a  horseback  charge  the 
block-house  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad  at  Grissom's  Creek,  near 
Rossvilie.  The  force  at  the  block-house  was  completely  surprised,  and  so  closely 
followed  in  their  retreat  into  their  works  by  the  mounted  men  that  resistance 
was  perfectly  useless,  and  the  whole  party  at  once  threw  down  their  arms. 

Forrest  was  very  successful  in  recruiting  in  West  Tennessee,  and  early  in  De- 
cember (1863)  with  his  force,  including  what  was  left  of  his  old  regiment,  then 
known  as  Crews's  Battalion,  brought  out  of  West  Tennessee  his  unarmed  recruits, 
brilliantly  forcing  his  way  through  the  enemy's  lines,  and  reaching  the  camp  of 
Gen.  Chalmers  on  the  evening  of  Dec.  31,  1S03.  The  next  morning  Gen.  For- 
rest received  assurance  from  Richmond  of  his  promotion  to  the  rank  of  Major- 
general,  and  took  the  command  of  all  troops  in  North  Mississippi,  proceeding  at 
once  to  reorganize  them.  Late  in  February,  1S64,  he  moved  rapidly  with  his  com- 
mand to  West  Point,  Miss.,  on  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad,  in  order  to  inter- 
cept a  raid  from  Memphis  under  Gens.  Smith  and  Grierson,  intended  to  destroy 
the  road  and  supplies  in  the  fertile  section  of  country  known  as  "  Egypt,"  lying 
between  Corinth  and  Meridian.  The  first  of  these  troops  was  met  at  Egypt  Sta- 
tion, Miss.,  by  Col.  Jeff.  Forrest's  brigade,  to  which  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Caval- 
ry had  been  assigned,  and  which  fell  back  slowly  through  West  Point  to  Sooka- 
tonchee  Creek,  four  miles  beyond,  where  it  took  position  and  was  attacked  by  the 
Federals  in  superior  force  on  the  morning  of  February  21st.  After  a  sharp  en- 
gagement of  two  or  three  hours  the  enemy  was  repulsed,  and  was  pursued  north- 
ward the  remainder  of  the  day  and  far  into  the  night.  Early  next  morning  the 
pursuit  was  vigorously  renewed,  and  the  Federals  were  steadily  pressed  through- 
out the  day — constantly  forming  their  best  troops  in  the  rear,  to  be  successively 
charged  and  driven  by  Forrest's  men,  who  were  not  only  flushed  with  victory,  but 
maddened  by  the  sight  of  ruined  and  burning  homes,  barns,  and  corn-cribs,  tired 
by  the  enemy  both  in  his  advance  and  retreat.  Late  on  the  afternoon  of  the  22d, 
Gen.  Smith,  badly  harassed,  rallied  his  forces  for  a  final  stand,  and  a  large  force 
of  cavalry  and  artillery,  composed  of  picked  troops,  was  formed  on  the  brow  of  a 
hill  in  a  field  flanking  the  Okolcna  and  Pontotoc  road,  abuiit  eight  miles  below 
Pontotoc  and  near  Prairie  Mound.  The  old  Seventh  Tennessee,  under  Major  C. 
C.  Clay  recently  appointed),  was  brought  from  the  flank,  and  Col.  Duckworth 
put  in  charge  of  the  brigade,  as  Gen.  Forrest  chose  to  lead  the  regiment  in  per- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        641 


son.  Driving  in  the  Federal  skirmishers,  the  regiment  was  met  by  the  Federal 
cavalry  coming  down  the  hill  at  a  charge  in  beautiful  line.  Kapidly  dismounting 
and  taking  position  in  the  undergrowth  skirting  a  ravine  at  the  foot  of  the  hill, 
the  Seventh  Tennessee  awaited  the  charge  until  the  Federals  were  almost  upon 
them,  when  they  poured  a  murderous  fire  into  them,  which  broke  their  line  and 
threw  them  into  confusion.  At  the  command  of  Gen.  Forrest  to  " charge  them," 
the  regiment  dashed  forward  with  a  yell,  and  drove  back  the  enemy  in  utter  dis- 
order completely  from  the  field  and  over  their  battery,  which  war,  captured  and 
turned  upon  them.  This  success  was  rapidly  followed  up  by  Gen.  Forrest,  and  by 
night-fall  the  retreat  of  the  Federals  had  become  a  rout,  and  before  morning  had 
degenerated  into  a  panic.  The  gallant  conduct  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry 
upon  this  occasion  called  forth  loud  encomiums  from  the  victorious  General,  with 
whom  it  ever  afterward  remained  a  favorite.  Darkness  coming  on,  Gen.  Forrest 
established  his  head-quarters  in  a  deserted  cabin  at  the  top  of  a  hill  and  instructed 
Capt.  F.  F.  Aden  (Co.  G),  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee,  to  send  a  reliable  commissioned 
officer  with  twenty-five  or  thirty  men  "  to  keep  the  enemy  stirred  up  and  frightened 
till  morning,  and  to  send  a  courier  back  to  bring  up  the  command."  Then  retir- 
ing to  the  cabin,  he  gave  himself  up  to  unrestrained  grief,  lamenting  the  deatL 
of  his  gallant  brother,  Col.  Jeff.  Forrest,  who  had  been  killed  early  in  the  day. 

Lieut.  W.  B.  Winston,  at  this  time  in  command  of  Company  C,  Seventh  Ten- 
nessee Cavalry  (Capt.  Lawler  being  still  absent,  a  prisoner  and  wounded),  was  as- 
signed by  Capt.  Aden  to  the  duty  of  continuing  to  harass  the  enemy  during  the 
night,  which,  with  his  company,  he  continued  without  intermission  until  daylight, 
through  the  bottom  lands  where  the  frightened  enemy  were  making  their  be^t 
speed  away,  singly  and  in  squads.  Thus  closed  a  running  fight  of  three  days,  in 
which  many  of  our  best  officers  and  men  were  killed  or  wounded,  among  the  latter 
Maj.  C.  C.  Clay;  but  all  acted  with  such  conspicuous  gallantry  that  it  would  be  in- 
vidious to  further  particularize.  The  enemy's  killed  and  wounded  were  strewn 
promiscuously  over  fifty  miles  of  ground,  most  of  them  being  buried  or  cared  for  by 
the  Southern  troops.  The  Federal  retreat  was  continued  in  disorganized  squads  all 
the  way  to  Memphis,  while  the  Confederates  went  into  camp  to  their  well-earned 
rest. 

In  the  month  of  March,  1864,  Capt.  Wffl.  F.  Taylor,  who  with  his  company  (A) 
had  been  detached  as  escort  to  Gen.  W.  H.  Jackson,  returned  to  the  regiment, 
and  was  assigned  to  duty,  he  being  commissioned  Lieutenant-colonel  of  the  regi- 
ment. The  field  organization  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry  now  stood:  W. 
L.  Duckworth,  Colonel;  Wm.  F.  Taylor,  Lieutenant-colonel;  C.  C.  Clay,  Major; 
Wra.  S.  Pope,  Adjutant.  During  this  month  Gen.  Forrest  led  his  command  into 
West  Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  being  accompanied  by  Governor  Isham  G.  Har- 
ris. At  or  near  Purdy,  Tenn.,  Capt.  F.  F.  Aden,  with  his  company  (G,  Seventh 
Tennessee),  was  ordered  to  escort  the  Governor  to  Henry  county,  Tenn.  In  the 
vicinity  of  Mansfield,  near  Paris,  Capt.  Aden  encountered  a  battalion  of  Federals, 
and  a  sharp  engagement  ensued,  in  which  the  enemy  had  two  killed  (including 
their  Major),  and  several  wounded.  Capt.  Aden  had  two  men  wounded.  The 
Federal  force  retired,  and  Capt.  A.,  having  but  forty  men  and  the  duty  of  protect- 
ing Governor  Harris — for  the  capture  of  whom  a  large  reward  had  been  offered — 
prudently  resumed  his  line  of  march,  accomplished  his  duty  without  further  mol- 
estation, and  returned  to  Trenton,  expecting  there  to  rejoin  his  regiment. 
41 


642 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


On  March  22d  Gen.  Forrest  ordered  Col.  Duckworth  to  take  the  Seventh  Ten- 
nessee, Col.  W.  W.  Faulkner's  Kentucky  regiment,  and  McDonald's  battalion 
(Lieut.-eol.  Crews),  and  to  capture  Union  City,  while  he,  with  the  rest  of  his  com- 
mand, moved  on  Paducah.  Col.  Duckworth,  assured  by  a  scout  that  Union  City 
had  no  defenses  but  rifle-pits,  ordered  Col.  Faulkner  to  approach  it  on  the  south, 
while  he,  with  the-  Seventh  Tennessee  and  Crews' s  battalion,  approached  on  the 
north,  in  order  at  day-break  the  next  morning  to  capture  the  place  by  a  simultane- 
ous charge.  The  burning  of  a  house  by  the  Federals  during  the  night,  however, 
revealed  the  fact  that  they  were  securely  lodged  in  a  strong,  square  redoubt,  pro- 
tected by  hundreds  of  yards  of  well-made  abatis.  Col.  Duckworth  found  it  nec- 
essary to  promptly  change  his  plans,  and  dismounting  his  force,  lie  formed  them, 
under  coyer  of  the  darkness,  closely  around  the  fort.  At  daylight,  March  '24th, 
heavy  skirmishing  was  had,  but  it  being  evident  that  without  artillery  and  with 
an  inferior  force  capture  by  assault  was  an  impossibility,  Col.  Duckworth  re- 
solved to  try  the  experiment  of  a  ruse.  His  plan  was  submitted  to  Cols.  Crews 
and  Faulkner,  the  former  of  whom  heartily  concurring,  Col.  Duckworth  proceeded 
to  carry  his  ruse  into  effect.  The  idea  was  to  convey  the  impression  upon  the 
Federals  that  our  force  was  being  largely  strengthened  by  reenforeemeuts,  and 
with  this  end  in  view  a  log  was  mounted  on  wagon-wheels,  resembling  a  large 
piece  of  artillery;  the  horse-holders  in  the  rear  were  instructed  to  sound  bugles 
and  raise  a  cheer,  in  which  they  were  joined  by  the  dismounted  men  in  line,  who 
advanced  and  opened  a  brisk  fire,  and  the  Colonel  commanding  dashed  up  under 
fire  with  a  company  of  men  as  though  for  reeonnoissance.  Col.  Duckworth  then 
wrote  a  demand  for  the  immediate  and  unconditional  surrender  of  the  post,  to 
which  he  signed  the  name  of  X.  B.  Forrest,  Major-general  commanding,  which  he 
sent  in  under  a  flag  of  truce  commanded  by  Lieut.  II.  J.  Livingston,  of  Company 
D,  Serenth  Tennessee.  Col.  I.  It.  Hawkins,  Federal  commander,  replied,  begging 
time,  and  asking  to  see  Gen.  Forrest.  Col.  Duckworth,  however,  sent  another 
dispatch,  signed  as  before  in  the  name  of  Gen.  Forrest,  saying:  "I  am  not  in  the 
habit  of  meeting  officers  inferior  in  rank  to  myself  under  a  flag  of  truce,  but  I 
will  send  Col.  W.  L.  Duckworth,  who  is  your  equal  in  rank,  and  who  is  author- 
ized to  arrange  terms  and  conditions  with  you,  under  instructions."  Col.  Duck- 
worth, at  the  head  of  Livingston's  squad,  handed  Hawkins  the  reply,  ami  after  a 
lapse  of  twenty  minutes  Hawkins  handed  Col.  Duckworth  in  return  a  written  sur- 
render. Thus  the  Federal  post,  horses,  army  stores,  and  about  seven  hundred 
prisoners  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Confederates  almost  without  the  loss  of 
blood  or  the  smell  of  powder.  Among  the  wounded  in  the  preliminary  skirmish- 
ing was  Lieut.  Robert  J.  Llack,  of  Company  B. 

During  the  next  move  of  Gen.  Forrest,  which  was  upon  Fort  Pillow,  the  Sev- 
enth Tennessee  was  stationed  at  Randolph,  on  the  Mississippi  Kiver,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  preventing  ree'nforeements  being  sent  north  from  Memphis.  Subsequently 
the  command  was  camped  several  days  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  and  from  there  returned 
to  North  Mississippi,  where  it  enjoyed  a  season  of  comparative  rest  and  quiet  until 
about  June  1,  1864,  when  it.  was  reported  that  a  force  of  twelve  thousand  men,  in- 
fantry, cavalry,  and  artillery,  under  Gen.  Stunris,  was  moving  down  from  Mem- 
phis into  the  prairie  country  of  Mi>.-i>sippi.  Gen.  Stephen  D.  Lee,  then  in  com- 
mand of  the  department,  commenced  ma-sing  his  forces  to  meet  him,  and  sent 
Gen.  Forrest  with  a  command  of  less  than  four  thousand  men   to  hold  and  gain 


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E r.o i mental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        Gio 


time  by  checking  them.  Forrest's  command,  including  the  Seventh  Tennessee 
Cavalry  (CqL  W.  L.  Duckworth  commanding),  then  at  Kaldwyn,  was  moved  rap- 
idly (June  10)  down  to  Brice's  Cross-roads,  on  Tishomingo  Creek,  and  thrown  at 
once  into  order  of  battle.  Almost  immediately  upon  its  arrival,  the  Seventh  Cav- 
alry participated  in  a  desperate  charge,  made  dismounted  over  a  broad  field  and 
through  an  entanglement  of  black-jack  and  brush-wood,  where  for  the  most  part 
the  fighting  was  hand-to-hand  and  at  times  with  clubbed  guns.  This  stubborn 
charge,  by  winch  the  enemy's  line  was  first  forced,  and,  after  an  obstinate  resist- 
ance, driven  back,  was  led  by  Lieut.-col.  Wm.  F.  Taylor,  who  had  his  horse  shot 
under  him,  Col.  Duckworth  being  on  a  different  part  of  the  field.  The  battle  " 
raged  hotly  for  about  five  hours,  when  the  Federals  were  completely  defeated. 
The  defeat  was  a  rout,  the  enemy  being  followed  far  into  the  night,  until  exhaust- 
ion compelled  a  temporary  cessation  of  the  pursuit.  This  night  pursr.it — an  ex- 
tremely severe  duty,  following  as  it  did  upon  a  long  and  exhausting  day  of  steady 
marching  and  fighting — fell  to  the  duty  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry,  the 
advance-guard' of  which  tied  by  Lieut.-col.  "Wen.  F.  Taylor  with  Lieut.  "\Vm.  B. 
Winston,  of  Co.  C)  was  almost  continuously  engaged,  and  was  especially  conspic- 
uous for  gallantry. 

This  achievement  of  Gen.  Forrest  was  one  of  the  most  brilliant,  as  well  as  re- 
markable, of  the  year.  Deducting  horse-holders,  the  Southern  forces  actually  en- 
gaged did  not  exceed  twenty-eight  hundred  men,  while  the  enemy  outnumbered 
them  four  to  one.  The  Federals  left  all  their  artillery,  their  entire  equipage, 
their  wagon-train  and  supplies,  together  with  a  large  number  of  prisoners  and 
wounded,  in  the  hands  of  the  Confederates,  and  did  not  stop  in  their  flight  until 
they  straggled,  weary  and  worn,  into  Memphis. 

This  battle,  however,  was  not  won  without  severe  loss  upon  the  Southern  side, 
the  Seventh  Tennessee  alone  losing  sixty-two  in  killed  and  wounded.  Much  of 
this  loss  occurred  during  the  fierce  charge  above  referred  to.  Among  those 
wounded  at  this  time  was  the  dashing  Capt.  F.  F.  Aden,  of  Co.  G,  who  also  had 
his  horse  disabled.  Here,  too,  was  killed  the  lamented  and  gallant  Adjutant  Will- 
iam S.  Pope,  an  officer  greatly  beloved  in  the  regiment,  and  who  had  eminently 
distinguished  himself  on  the  field  by  Ids  daring  bravery.  The  position  of  Adju- 
tant to  succeed  him  was  assigned  to  John  D.  Huhn,  First  Sergeant  of  Co.  C,  by 
complimentary  order  dated  June  10,  1864,  "for  gallantry  on  the  field  of  battle."' 
He  was  among  the  wounded  of  the  day  during  the  hand-to-hand  fight  in  the 
brush-wood,  where  he  was  seriously  wounded  in  the  head,  and  had  his  arm  broken 
in  two  places.  During  the  night  pursuit,  in  one  of  the  many  lights  at  close  quar- 
ters, the  gallant  Capt.  W.  J.  Tate,  of  Co.  E,  was  killed  near  Ripley. 

A  month  later  another  force  advanced  from  Memphis  under  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith, 
who,  before  being  met  by  Southern  troops,  succeeded  in  reaching  Harrisburg, 
Miss.,  where  he  threw  up  earth-works  as  a  protection  against  an  attack  by  the 
Confederate  forces  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Stephen  D.  Lee.  The  battle  that 
ensued  was  a  stubborn  and  bloody  one,  lasting  part  of  two  days  before  the  Feder- 
als withdrew  from  their  works,  on  the  night  of  July  14,  and  fell  back  in  the  di- 
rection of  Memphis.  During  the  battle  lien.  Kucker  was  wounded,  and  Col.  Duck- 
worth had  charge  of  his  brigade,  Lieut.-col.  Taylor  leading  the  regiment.  The 
Federals  were  pureed  and  overtaken  by  lien.  Forrest,  but  succeeded  in  effecting 
their  escape  in  good  order.     In  the  battle  and  subsequent  pursuit  the  Seventh. 


614.  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Tennessee  bore  a  conspicuous  part,  and  lost  seventy-four  officers  and  men  killed 
and  wounded,  the  loss  at  the  main  battle  at  Harrisburg  being  particularly  heavy. 
Among  the  killed  was  the  gallant  Capt.  Statler,  of  Co.  E. 

Early  the  ensuing  fall  Gen.  Forrest  advanced  through  North  Alabama  into  Mid- 
dle Tennessee  for  the  purpose  of  cutting  off  Gen.  Sherman's  communications  with 
Nashville.     Crossing  Bull  Mountain  and  fording  the  Tennessee  Itiver  a  few  miles 
below  Florence,  Ala.,  the  Seventh  Tennessee  participated  in  the  achievements  of 
I  Gen.  Forrest  in  all  the  brilliant  cavalry  movements  that  followed,  being  present 

at  the  capture  of  Athens,  Ala.,  Sulphur  Springs  Trestle,  and  the  long  line  of 
block-houses  and  fortifications  along  the  Nashville  and  Decatur  railroad  as  far  a^ 
Pulaski,  Tenn.  The  entire  Southern  command  did  not  exceed  two  thousand  men, 
and  the  Federals,  by  this  time  ascertaining  its  numerical  weakness,  began  eoncen- 
trating  in  large  force  at  various  points  and  planning  to  capture  it.  Gen.  Forrest, 
after  a  few  brilliant  and  rapid  marches  in  various  directions,  by  which  the  enemy 
was  confused  as  to  his  intentions,  and  at  the  same  time  other  works  were  captured 
and  destroyed,  made  his  preparations  for  a  retreat  South,  placing  his  "pets" — his 
old  regiment  and  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry — in  the  post  of  honor  as  rear- 
guard. 

When  the  advance  reached  the  Tennessee  River  they  found  it  so  much  swollen 
from  recent  rains  that  fording  was  no  longer  practicable,  and  two  flat-boats  were 
the  only  available  means  of  crossing,  fn  the  meantime  the  enemy  were  at  the 
heels  of  the  Southern  command  in  a  force  steadily  increasing  by  reinforcements 
from  diverging  lines.  The  Seventh  received  orders  to  hold  them  in  cheek  at  all 
hazards  while  the  main  body  of  the  command  were  crossed  by  the  very  slow  proc- 
ess  of  ferriage  in  two  boats.  The  Seventh  discharged  its  duty,  and  held  its 
ground  inch  by  inch;  but  meanwhile  every  road,  every  avenue  of  escape,  was 
gradually  but  surely  being  closed  against  it,  and  the  broad  lines  of  the  Federal 
forces  closing  and  hemming  it  in.  Finally  the  last  man  of  Forrest's  main  body 
crossed  in  safety,  but  who  would  check  the  foe  while  the  rear-guard  crossed  the 
wide,  rushing  torrent? 

The  regiment  was  now  without  a  single  field  officer.  Col.  Duckworth  had  been 
sent  to  Mobile;  Lieut.-col.  Taylor  had  been  left  behind,  wounded  and  ill,  at 
Fayetteville,  Tenn.;  and  Maj.  Clay  was  absent,  having  not  yet  recovered  from 
wounds  received  some  time  before.  The  command  devolved  upon  the  senior  offi- 
cer present,  Capt.  II.  C.  McCutchen  (Co.  II),  who  proved  himself  fully  equal  to 
the  emergency.  A  hasty  council  was  held  by  the  company  officers,  and  it  was  de- 
cided to  break  ranks  by  companies,  and  each  company,  under  its  senior  officer,  to 
take  care  of  itself  in  its  own  way.  There  was  no  time  for  any  thing  else.  Our 
pickets  and  skirmishers  were  already  driven  in.  At  once  the  order  was  given, 
and  each  company  commander  quietly  moved  off  his  men  at  db-cretion.  The  ad- 
ventures of  the  separated  companies  would  form  a  thrilling  and  romantic  history 
in  itself,  but  cannot  be  related  here.  Suffice  it  to  say  that  without  disbandment 
each  company  succeeded  in  effecting  its  escape  intact,  and  without  the  loss  of  a 
single  man.  Some  evaded  the  enemy  and  passed  to  his  rear,  others  crossed  the 
river  at  once  by  swimming  and  in  other  ways,  but  some  weeks  passed  before 
regiment  again  assembled  in  mutual  congratulations  upon  their  almost  miracu- 
lous escape  from  capture.  The  Seventh  Tennessee  was  highly  complimented  by 
the  General  commanding  For  its  devotion  aud  courage  during  this  trying  ordeal. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        6±o 


The  regiment  h ad  received  orders  to  rendezvous  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  which  point 
Gen.  Forrest  had  reached  by  way  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  bringing  with  him  such  artil- 
lery as  could  be  dragged  over  the  almost  impassable  roads.  October  22,  1804,  the 
command  moved  with  Forrest  through  Pari-,  reaching  Paris  Landing,  Ky.,  near 
old  Fort  Henry,  where,  on  October  30  and  31,  a  gun-boat  and  three  transports 
were  captured,  the  steamer  J.  W.  Cheeseman  surrendering  to  Capt.  Lawler,  of 
Co.  C.  One  of  the  transports,  being  badly  disabled,  was  destroyed.  The  other 
three  boats  were  manned  by  details,  chiefly  from  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry, 
and  utilized  as  transports.  One  of  these  transports  was  under  command  of  Lieut. 
Isaac  N.  Stinson,  of  Co.  B.  Forrest  then,  by  land  and  water,  proceeded  up  the 
river  to  the  neighborhood  of  Johnsonville,  tk  here  the  enemy  had  accumulated  and 
were  guarding  about  five  million  dollars  worth  of  army  stores  and  ammunition 
which  awaited  transportation  to  Sherman's  army.  These  were  protected  by  a  well- 
garrisoned  fort  and  three  remaining  gun-bouts  of  Light  caliber,  which  had  taken 
position  under  protection  of  the  fort.  During  the  night  artillery  was  brought  up 
through  rain,  mud,  and  darkness,  and  planted  on  the  river-bank  directly  opposite 
and  under  the  fort,  and  at  daylight,  November  4,  the  enemy  was  surprised  with 
hot  shot  and  shell.  So  sudden  and  vigorous  was  this  unlooked-for  attack  that  the 
crews  in  the  boats  and  the  garrison  in  the  fort  were  thrown  into  confusion,  and 
answered  but  feebly.  Before  4  o'clock  p.m.  the  gun-boats,  transports,  and  the  im- 
mense pile  of  stores  were  in  flames  and  the  Federals  on  their  way  to  Nashville. 
In  this  attack  fifteen  boats  and  twenty-one  barges  were  destroyed. 

The  command  was  then  moved  to  Perry ville,  thirty  miles  distant,  where  it  en- 
camped November  6th,  and  on  the  7th  the  Seventh  Tennessee  and  Logwood's 
regiment  effected  the  crossing  of  the  Tennessee  River,  swollen  as  it  was.  and  as 
advance-guard  proceeded  toward  Florence,  where  Hood's  army  was  found  making 
preparations  for  the  advance  upon  Nashville. 

During  the  entire  northward  march  of  Hood's  army  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cav- 
alry led  the  advance,  having  frequent  skirmishes  but  no  important  fights  until 
reaching  Henryville,  south  of  ZNIt.  Pleasant  and  Columbia.  On  November  23  the 
Federals  were  met  in  force  on  the  Alt.  Pleasant  pike,  at  about  3  p.m.  Gen.  For- 
rest here  joined  us,  and  a  rapid  advance  was  begun  in  the  face  of  the  enemy.  Fight- 
ing constantly,  the  Federals  were  steadily  forced  back  until  darkness  compelled  a 
temporary  cessation.  During  the  day  the  regiment  lost  several  men  in  killed  and 
wounded.  On  the  next  day  (24th)  the  Federal  rear-guard  was  again  overtaken 
near  the  residence  of  Gen.  Lucius  Polk,  attacked,  and  forced  back  upon  his  works 
at  Columbia.  During  this  sharp  tight  Lieut.  Wm.  B.  Winston,  always  conspicu- 
ous for  energy  and  bravery,  was  dangerously  wounded  in  the  forehead.  On  the 
25th  the  enemy  was  fought  in  his  rifle-pits.  On  November  28th  the  whole  bri- 
gade crossed  Duck  River  at  Holland's  Ford,  seven  miles  east  of  Columbia,  and 
on  the  next  day,  near  Hurt's  Cross-roads,  again  encountered  the  enemy,  driving 
him  back  after  some  sharp  fighting.  Continual  skirmishing  ensued  all  the  way, 
the  Northern  forces  retiring  as  Hood  advanced. 

November  20  the  brigade  was  moved  rapidly  to  Spring  Hill,  and  took  part  about 
sundown,  with  the  infantry  under  Cleburne,  in  the  attack  on  the  works  at  that 
place,  being  drawn  back  after  dark  to  bivouac  in  the  immediate  vicinity.  On  the 
30th  the  brigade  Was  dispatched  West  of  Spring  Hill  to  the  Carters  Creek  turn- 
pike to  guard  the  Confederate  left  flank,  and  that  afternoon  drove  in  the  Federal 


61£  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


pickets  on  the  extreme  left  at  Franklin,  maintaining  a  hot  fight  with  their  outer 
lines  until  night,  whilst  the  main  attack  was  marie  by  infantry  on  the  right. 
The  deadly  conflict  at  Franklin  raged  until  midnight,  when  the  Federals  evacu- 
ated their  works  and  retired  to  Nashville,  Hood's  force  advancing,  with  Rucker'i 
brigade,  including  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalrv,  as  usual,  in  the  advance. 
Marching  on  the  Hiilsboro  and  Nashville  pike,  and  reaching  the  front  of  Nash- 
ville without  further  obstruction,  the  brigade  was  established  on  the  skirmish  line, 
about  two  miles  from  the  city,  being  on  the  5th  posted  on  the  Charlotte  pike,  and 
holding  the  river  and  approaches  to  Nashville  from  that  quarter,  and  on  the  6th 
having  a  brisk  interchange  of  shots  with  the  gun-boats. 

From  this  date  for  about  ten  days  the  regiment  was  occupied  in  continuous  work 
either  on  the  skirmish  line  or  on  picket  duty,  on  the  11th  having  supported  a 
skirmish  line  of  Gen.  Hood's  composed  of  infantry  and  extending  seven  miles  in 
length.  On  December  loth  the  battle  of  Nashville  began,  the  left  holding  its 
own  until,  the  center  being  pierced,  the  brigade  found  itself  flanked  and  nearly 
cut  otf  by  Federals  approaching  rapidly  from  the  FTarding  pike.     The  Seventh 

Tennessee  was  now  as  far  in.  the  rear  of  the  retreating  Southerners  as  its  station 
i  . 

had  placed  it  before  in  the  front,  and  narrowly  escaped  capture,  the  Federals  pour- 
ing in  full  force  ever  the  hills  and  hemming  the  regiment  between  them  and  the 
river,  whilst  a  brigade  of  Federal  cavalry  was  in  hot  pursuit  in  the  rear.  Com- 
pelled to  run  the  gauntlet  under  a  fierce  fire  along  the  open  pike,  the  only  line 
of  retreat  left,  the  regiment  was  saved  by  the  admirable  coolness  and  intrepidity 
of  Lieut.-col.  Taylor,  its  commander.  Checking  his  men,  who,  eager  to  escape 
from  the  withering  fire  poured  upon  them  from  flank  and  rear,  were  flying  down 
the  pike,  he  formed  them  by  detachments  line  after  line,  firing  volley  after  vol- 
ley frequently  right  into  the  faces  of  the  closely  pressing  foe,  and  thus  gaining 
time  for  the  company  officers  to  restore  formation  to  their  several  commands. 
The  veterans  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  had  been  too  often  in  close  quarters  not 
to  know  the  value  of  steadiness  and  discipline,  and  the  flanking  fire  being  once 
passed  the  regiment  regained  its  firmness,  and  with  face  to  the  enemy  fell  back 
more  slowly,  lighting  foot  by  foot,  until  after  dark,  when  farther  pursuit  was 
checked  by  the  Confederate  artillery,  and  the  weary  regiment  was  enabled  to  ob- 
tain a  short  rest  in  bivouac  on  the  Harding  pike. 

During  the  whole  period  of  the  retreat  of  Hood's  army  the  Seventh  Tennessee 
Regiment  was  in  more  or  less  fighting  daily,  until  finally  Ruekers  brigade,  the 
rear-guard  of  the  whole  army,  with  the  old  Seventh  as  its  own  rear-guard,  crossed 
the  Tennessee  River,  and  this  terrible  winter  retreat  was  over,  the  regiment  go- 
ing into  camp  and  short  furloughs  being  granted  for  recruiting  and  refurnishing 
their  scanty  outfit. 

About  March  1,  1865,  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  Gen.  Alex.  W.  Campbell's 
brigade,  Jackson's  division,  on  March  17  being  stationed  at  West  Point,  Miss. 
March  27  the  whole  brigade  was  put  in  motion  for  Selina,  Ala.,  in  the  endeavor 
to  forestall  a  large  force  of  cavalry,  artillery,  and  mounted  infantry  under  Gen. 
"Wilson,  which,  massing  on  the  Tennessee  River,  had  commenced  to  march  into 
Alabama.  On  the  28th  the  command  reached  Columbus,  Miss.;  on  the  29th  Piek- 
ensville,  Ala.;  on  the  30th  Tuscaloosa;  and  on  the  31st  encountered  La  Grange's 
brigade  eighteen  miles  from  Tuscaloosa,  with  whom  it  had  a  slight  skirmish,  at- 
tacking him  again  April  1  north  of  the  Tuscaloosa  and  Holtsville  road,  companies 


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Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        0-i 


el 


A  and  B  being  among  these  engaged.  The  Federals  were  driven  back  fifteen 
miles  up  the  mountain  road.    The  command  then  moving  toward  ScottSviHe  by  a 

neighborhood  road,  about  dark  encountered  Croxton's  division  of  Federals  ei'-dit 
miles  north  of  Scottsville,  when  considerable  skirmishing  ensued  until  after  night- 
fall. At  day-break  next  morning  the  command  pushed  rapidly  on,  overtaking 
Croxton  at  the  junction  of  the  Scottsville  and  Tuscaloosa  roads.  A  sharp  run- 
ning fight  immediately  commenced,  and  the  Federals  were  rapidly  driven  through 
Scottsville  to  Centreville,  where  the  enemy  crossed  the  Cahaba,  and  succeeded,  bv 
burning  the  bridge  behind  them,  in  arresting  farther  pursuit.  A  few  shells  from 
the  enemy's  artillery,  thrown  from  safe  quarters  across  the  river,  formed  the  finish 
of  the  fighting  career  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry,  these  being  the  last  shots 
received  by  it  from  the  Federal  forces. 

These  skirmishes  were  all  with  flanking  or  raiding  parties  from  the  main  bodv 
of  Wilson's  army,  which  meanwhile  moved  steadily  forward  and  captured  Selraa; 
and  the  regiment,  making  a  few  unimportant  marches,  finally  settled  into  camp 
at  Sumterville,  Ala.,  where  Col.  Duckworth,  who  had  been  under  orders  at  Mo- 
bile, rejoined  his  command. 

The  war  was  now  practically  over.  Gen.  R.  E.  Lee  had  already  surrendered 
Virginia,  and  Gen.  Taylor  had  yielded  the  department  of  Mississippi  and  Ala- 
bama. There  was  nothing  more  to  be  done,  and  on  May  12,  1SG5,  the  regiment 
having  been  moved  to  Gainesville,  Ala.,  all  the  rank  and  file  present,  with  equi- 
page, were  formally  surrendered.  With  the  regiment,  however,  was  not  permitted 
to  be  yielded  its  old  battle-flag,  presented  to  it  by  a  lady  of  Aberdeen,  who  had 
made  it  from  her  satin  wedding-dress.  Torn  and  pierced  by  many  a  bullet,  sur- 
rounded by  the  memories  of  the  many  brave  ensigns  who  had  fallen  in  its  pro- 
tection, the  old  flag  still  proudly  waved  for  the  last  time  on  the  eve  of  surrender 
in  front  of  regimental  head-quarters,  and  before  the  next  day  had  dawned  it  had 
been  divided  into  shreds  by  those  who  had  fought  so  often  around  it,  to  be  by  thexi 
preserved  in  memory  of  a  cause  which  they  had  sustained  with  their  best  ener- 
gies. 

Thus  closes  a  mere  outline  of  the  military  history  of  one  of  the  most  gallant 
regiments  of  the  Confederacy,  composed  of  the  best  blood  of  West  Tennessee. 
Enlisting  from  principle  at  the  very  beginning  of  the  war,  and  each  man  equip- 
ping himself,  the  regiment  stood  by  its  colors  during  four  years  of  hardship,  dan- 
ger, and  death;  and  the  Confederate  States  of  America  overpowered  at  last  and 
its  armies  disbanded,  the  men  of  the  Seventh  Regiment  of  Tennessee  Cavalry  re- 
turned quietly  to  their  shattered  homes  to  repair  the  desolation  of  these  sad  years 
of  neglect  and  fratricidal  strife. 


Partial  List  of  Killed  and  Wounded. 
After  an  interval  of  twenty-two  years,  and  in  the  absence  of  written  data,  it  is 
found  to  be  impracticable  to  give  a  list  of  the  members  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee 
killed  or  wounded  during  the  war.     We  give  below  all  names  that  are  remem- 
bered by  those  surviving  comrades  who  are  accessible. 

Regimental  Officers. 
Taylor,  Lieut.-col.  W.  F.,  w.  near  FayettevilLe,  i  Somerville,  Adjt.  J.  W.,  promoted  and  placed 
Term.,  Sept.,  1804.  rn  Gen.  Jackson's  staff,  k.  in  Georgia. 


648 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Duckworth,  Maj.  W.  L.,  w.  at  Britton's  Lane,  |  Wicks,  Adjt.  Jo.,  k.  at  Oxford,  Miss.,  Dec,  1863. 


Tenn.,  Sept.  1,  1862. 


Pope,  A ■  1  j c.  Wm.  S.,  k.  at  Tishomingo  Creek 


Clay,  Maj.  C.  C,  w.  near  Prairie  Mound,  Miss.,        Miss.,  June  lo,  1804. 

while  in  command  of  the  regiment,  Feb,.  21,  i  Huhn,  Adjt.  John  D,  w.  at Brice's Cross-roads, 

1864.  j      June  10,  1804. 

Company  A. 
Watkins,  Lieut.  H.  W.,  k.  at  Richland  Creek,  i  Cayce,  K.  C,  w.  at  Coldwater,  Miss.,  Sept.  9, 

Tenn.,  Dec.  24,  1SG4.  i     1864. 

Lane,  A.  C,  w.  in  battle,  1864.  I 

Company  B. 
Black,  Lieut.  R.  J.,  v,  at  Union  City,  Tenn.       [  Hilliard,  Tom,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  Miss., 
Elkin,  Lieut.  A.  L.,  w.  at  Prairie  Mound,  Mis?.  |     June  10,  1864. 
SomerviUe,  J.  \V.,  promoted  to  be  Adjutant  of  j  Mason,  Nat.,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  Miss., 

Gen.  Jackson's  division,  and  k.  in  Georgia  I     June  10,  1804. 

or  Alabama.  SomerviUe,  James,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads, 

Dillahunty,  James,  k.  at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn..       June  10,  18G4. 

Sept.  1,  1862.  J  Claiborne,  Charles,  promoted  to  be  Sergeant- 

Harper,  Jack,  k.  in  1S62.  major  of  the  regiment,  and  k.  at  Harrisburg, 

Cttlbreath,  J.  M.,   k.  at  Brice's   Cross-roads,  I     Miss.,  July  11,  1864. 

Miss.,  June  10,  1SG4.  [Banks,  Wm.,  k.  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Nov., 

Elkin,  Thomas  R.,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  j      1864. 

Miss.,  June  10,  1864.  |  Benson,  Georee,  d.  in  service. 

Harper,  R.  A.,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  Miss.,  j  Westmoreland,  P.,  d.  in  service. 

June  10,  1864.  J 

Company  C. 
Bassett,   Capt.   S.   P.,  mortally  w.  at  Medon,  [  Gaylor,  Ed.,  w.  near  Belmont,  Mo..  Nov.  7, 1861. 

Tenn.,  Aug.  31,  1802.  I  Carter,  Ed.,  k.  at  Medon,  Term..  Aug.  31,  1862. 

Albrecht,  Lieut.  John,  k.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug.    Thompson,  O.  M.,  k.  near  Hernando,  Miss., 

31,  1861  j      1S62. 

Lawler,  Lieut.  John  T.,  promoted  to  be  Cap-  j  Hoag,  Wm.,  \v.  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  Oct.,  1SG2. 

tain,   w.   at   Medon,   Tenn.,    Au^.  31,   1862;  i  Hicks,  Alfred,  w.  at  Matthews's  Ferry,  Miss., 

again  vr.  at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  Sept.  1,  j     Sept.,  1863. 

1862;  again  w.  dangerously  jQ  four  places  |  Dickey,  John,  k.  at  Colliersville,  Tenn.,  Oct.  11, 

while  leading  the  regiment  on  breastworks;      1863. 

at  Colliersville,  Tenn.,  Oct.  11,  1862.     Later  ;  Hiekey,  William,  k.  at  Colliersville,  Tenn.,  Oct. 

he  fell  into  the  enemy's  hands  while  thus  w.  J      11,  180:). 
Winston,  Lieut.  W.   B.,  promoted  from   Ser- !  Champion,  John  T.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss., 

geant   for  gallantry,  dangerously  w.  in  the  ;     July  14,  1SC4. 

forehead,  near  Columbia,  Tenn.,   Nov.  25,  I  Hyatt,  John,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  14, 

1862.  j      1S64. 

Colby,  Lieut.  John,  w.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,    Stephens,  R.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  14, 

July  14.  1804.  j      1864. 

Huhn,  First  Sergt.  John  D.,  dangerously  w.  in  j  Gwyu,  Wm.,  k.  near  Ripley,  Miss.,  Feb..  18M. 

head  and  arm  June  10,  1864,  and  promoted    Hennessey.  Wm.,  k.  near  Nashville,   Tenn., 

to  be  Adjutant  for  gallantry.  ^o\\,  1S64. 

Gallagher,  John,  k.  near  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.,    Murray.  James,  w.   at    Brice's    Cross-roads, 

1861.                                                                               Miss.,  June  10,  1864. 
Grogan,  John,  w.  near  Columbus,   Ky.,  Oct.,    Murrough, ,  d.  in  service,  at  Ripley,  Tenn, 

1861.  I      1862. 

Holt,  Ben,  w.  near  Columbus,  Ky.,  Oct.,  1861.     I  McFadden, ,  d.  in  service,  at  Panola,  Miss, 

llolloway,  John,  w.  near  Columbus,  Ky,  Oct,  !     1863. 


1861. 


Winston.  Arthur,  d.  in  service. 


Company  D. 
Livingston,  L;eut.  H  J.,  w.  at  Columbia,  Tenn,  !  Robinson,    Rom.,   k.   near    Fort    Pembertou, 

Nov.  2.:,  186*.  Miss.,  March,  186:}. 

Read,   Lieut.  J.  H,  w.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug. ',  Holloway,  John  C,  d.  in  prison,  1803. 

31,  1862.  |  Evans,  .1.  T..  w.  at  Price*  Cross-roads.  Miss, 

Grove,  E.  S,  k.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug.  31,  1802. ;      June  10,  1864. 


'.Regimental  Histokies  and  Memolial  Rolls. 


649 


Johnson,  Lieut.  A.  A.,  w.  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn.,  I  Grizzard,  W.  H.  L.,  k.  at   Harris  burg,   Ills*., 

Nov.,  1864.  I      July  14,  i$64. 

Tucker,  Wm.,  w.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug.  31,  |  Owen,  Ed.,  k.  at  Harnsburg,  Miss.,  July  14, 


1862. 
Saunders,  J.  W.,  w.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug.  31, 

1862. 
Leg<rett,  N.,  W.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug.  31,  1862. 
Anthony,  W.  L.,  w.  at  Medon,  Tenn.,  Aug.  31, 

1862.  !  Tharpe,  J.,  w.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  Juiy  14, 

Claiborne,  T.  B.,  k.  at  Old  Lamar,  Miss.,  Nov.  I      1804. 

8,  18*33.  Jarrett,  Henry,  k.  near  Okalona,  Miss.,  Feb. 

MeGee,  W.  C,,  k.  at  Colliersville,  Tenn.,  Oct.  11,  j     22,  1SG4. 


1804. 
Elwood,  J.  L.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  14, 

18(54. 
Moore,  John,  w.  at  Harrisburg,  Mis?.,  July  14, 

1804. 


1803. 
Archer,  P.  C.,W.  at  Colliersville,  Tenn.,  Oct.  11. 

1S63. 
Northcross,  Thojnas,  k.  at  Yockony  Bridge, 

Miss.,  1803. 
George,  W.  C,  d.  in  service,  1S63. 

Company  E. 
Tate,  Capt.  W.  J.,  k.  while  gallantly  leading  ]  Sullivan,  Tim,  drowned  while  on  the  march. 


Estes,  T.  H.,  w.  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn.,  Nov., 

1861. 
Freeman,  J.  II.,  vv.  at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  Nov., 

1864. 
Shaw,  Sol.,  k.  near  Eaton,  Tenn.,  1862. 


his    company  in  a  charge  at   Tishomingo 
Creek.  Miss.,  June  11,  1864. 
Statler.  Lieut.  J.  P.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  M 
July  14,  1864. 


Norment,  E.  L.,  k.  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  March, 

1804. 
Butcher,  T.  J.,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  Mis*.. 
|     June  10,  1SC4. 


Kuffiu,  Lieut.  V.  F.,  k.  at  Athens,  Ala.,  1864.        Hardy,  W.,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  Miss., 
Weaver,  Lieut.  Fisk,  d.  in  service  at  Abbeville,  |     June  10. 1804. 


Pipkin,  Pock,  k.  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  Mi??- 
June  10,  1804. 


Miss, 
Perkins,  A.  H.  D.,  Color-bearer,  w.  at  Collier? 

ville,  Tenn.,  Oct.  11,  1861;  w.  again  at  Brice's  j  Neeley,  Charles,   k.  at    Brice's    Cross-roads, 

Cross-roads,  Miss.,  June  10,  1861;  at  Frank-  j     Miss.,  June  lu,  1864. 

lin,  Tenn.,  Nov.,  1864;  and  also  neap  Okolo- ,  Moore,  James,  k.  in  battle. 

na,  Miss.  i  Davis,  M.,  k.  on  a  scout. 

Bradford,  J.,  k.  at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  Sept.  I  Foster,  John,  d.  in  service. 

1,  18.61.  |  Hardige,  M..  k.  in  battle. 

Windel,  Willie,  k.  at  Button's   Lane,  Tenn.,  j  Marr,  James,  k.  in  battle. 

Sept.  1,  1864.  j  Durretr.  Robert,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Hiss.,  July 

Alien,  Dr.  Jo.,  k. at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  Sept.  |      14,  1S64. 

1,  18G+.  |  Field,  J.  V.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  11, 

Cross,  N.  B.,  w.  at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  Sept.  j     1864. 

1,  1864.  |  Gibson,  Sam,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  14, 

Hnrdige,  Morris,  w.  at  Eritton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  j      1861. 

Sept.  1,  1864.  -  JMoEvinney,  D.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July 

Carraway,  J.  E.,  w.  at   Britton's    Lane,  Tenn.,  j     14,1864. 

Sept.  1,  1864.  |  McKinney,  Win.,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July 

Durretr,  Ed.,  w.  at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  Sept.  j     14,  1864. 

1,  1801.  !  Wood,  W.,k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  14, 

Fortune,  J.,  w.  at  Britton's  Lane,  Tenn.,  Sept.;     1864. 

1,  1864.  I 

Company  F. 
Robertson,  Lieut.  W.  W.,  k.  June  10,  1864,  at  i  Key,  John,  k.  in  battle. 

Brice's  Cross-roads,  Miss.  !  Triable,  F.,  k.  in  battle. 

Everett,  Sergt.  John,  k.  Nov.  25,  1861,  near  Co- '  Ricks,  Ed.,  w.  at  Humboldt,  Tenn. 

lum'tia,  Tenn.  !  Howard,  Chas.,  w.  in  battle. 

P^ar-on,  T.J. ,  w.June  10, 1864,  at  Brice's  Cross-  j  Wright,  W.,  d.  in  prison. 

roads,  Miss.  i  Welsh,  W.,  d.  in  camp. 

Company  G. 
Aden,  Capt.  F.  F.,  w.  June  10,  1804,  at  Brice's!     company  in  a  charge  on  the  enemy's  lines, 
Crossroads,    whilst    gallantly    leading   hisj     having  his  horse  also  disabled. 


650 


Mi  lit  ah  y  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Diggs,  Lieut.  Ben,  mortally  wounded  at  Pa-  I  Boy 
Tis's  Mills,  Miss.,  1862. 


d,  Jos.,  \v.  at  Fort  Heiman,  Tenn.,  186: 


Williams,  Lieut.  J.,  w.  Sept.l,  1864,  at  Britton's 
Lane,  Tenn.,  and  captured  Nov.  10,  1862,  and 
d.  iu  prison. 

Dent,  S.,  k.  Sept.  1, 1SG2,  at  Britton's  Lane. 

Farmer,  J.  B.,  w.  Sept.  1,  1862,  at  Britton's  Lane. 

Stewart,  J.  IL,  w.  at  Denmark,  Tenn. 

Taylor,  J.  C,  d.  in  prison. 

Higgs,  Jas.,  d,  in  service. 

Ross,  Alex.,  d.  in  hospital. 


Company  H. 

Nowlan,  J.  A.,  w.  June  10, 1864,  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 

Travis.  T.  W.,  w.  June  10, 1864,  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 

Winston,  S.  A.,  w.  June  10, 1804, at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 

Eserage,  J.  R.,  k.  July  14,  1864,  at  Harrisbnrs. 

Bondurant,  J.  J.  C,  w.  July  14.  1»64,  at  Harris- 
burg. 


Adams,  Wm.,  k.  June  10,  1864,  at  Brice's  Cross 


Cravens,  J.  J.,  w.  July  14, 1804,  at  HaTrisbui 


•Hazelwood,  J.,  w.  July  14,  1861,  at  Harris!  _:_-. 
Julian,  J.  N.,  w.  July  4, 1864,  at  Harrisburg. 

Thompson,  J.  T.,  w.  July  14,  1864,  at  Harr.s- 


roads. 

Cravens,  J.,  w.  June  10,  1804,  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 

Stewart,  J.  H.,  m.  w.  June  10,  1864,  at  Bribe's  j      burg. 
Cross-roads.  Meek,  Wm.,  k.  near  Oxford,  Miss.,  1804. 

Johnston,  M.  H.,  w.  June  10,  1864,  at  Brice's  ,  Palmer,  John,  k.  near  Oxford,  Miss.,  1804.* 
Cross-roads.  )  Kingston,  E.  W.,  d.  in  service,  Dec.  28,  1^54 


Company  I. 


Mai  one,  Lieut.  W.  P.,  w.  in  1802,  at  Hernando, 

Miss. 
Smith,  Peyton  J.,  w.  in  1862,  at  Hernando,  Miss. 
Wray,  Joe,  w.  Sept.  1,  1862,  at  Britton's  Lane, 

Tenn. 
Ditlahunty,  Jas.,  k.  Sepr.  1,  1SG2,  at  Britton's 

Lane,  Tenn. 


Owen,  H.,  d.  in  service. 

Smith,  W.  A.,  w.  June  10, 180-4,  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 

Cage,  Wm.,  k.  June  10,  1804.  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 

Spencer,  S.,  k.  June  10, 1SG4,  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. 


Dod^on,  Tom,  w.  Sept.  1,  1S62,  at   Britton's  i  Atkins,  Dick,  d.  in  prison. 


Lane.  Tenn. 

Petty,  N,  w.  April  6,  1SG2,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 

Shankle,  Jasper,  k.  in  1802,  al  La  Fayette  Sta- 
tion, Tenn. 

LTpchurch,  Jas.,  d.  in  1862.  at  Fort  Pillow,  Tenn. 

Wrilson,  J.  D.,  w.  in  1863,  at  Oxford,  Miss. 

Armour,  Cap.,  k.  Oct.  11, 1863,  at  Colliersville. 

Walk,  A.  W.,  w.  Oct.  llf  1S63,  at  Colliersville. 

Grant,  G.  W.,  d.  in  service. 

Smith,  W.  D.,  w.  Feb.,  1864,  at  Prairie  Mound, 
Miss. 


Jones,  H.  W.  B.,  d.  in  service. 

Brown,  Jos.,  k.  July  14,  1SG4,  at  Harribburr, 
Miss. 

Clark,  Josh  D.,  k.  July  14,  1804,  at  Harrisburz. 
Miss. 

Douglass,  John  E-,  k.  July  14, 1864,  at  Harris- 
burg,  Miss. 

Owen,  Newton,  k.  July  14, 1864,  at  Harrisi  ;r_r. 
Miss. 

Colton,  Sergt.  H.  P.,  w.  July  14. 1804,  at  Harr:s- 
bur£,  Miss. 


Mumford,  E.  H.,  d.  Feb.  22,  1864,  at  Okolona;  |  Lippman.   Alex.,  w.  July  14,  1864,  at  Harris- 
Miss.  •  j      burg,  Miss. 

Max,  Daniel,  k.  Feb.  22,  1864,  near  Okolonn,  [  Somerville,  John,  w.  July  14, 1864,  at  Karr:s- 
Miss.  j      burg,  Miss. 

Riley,  J.  G.,  w.  in  1864,  near  Sulphur  Trestle,    Guthrie,  Wm.,  w.  in  service. 
Ala.  j  Norment,  Ellis,  d.  in  camp. 

Company  L. 


Duckworth,  Cnpt.  Alex.,  severely  wounded  at 
Colliersville.  Tenn..  Oct.  11, 186:;,  whilst  lead- 
ing the  regiment  in  a  charge  on  breast- works, 
Capt.  Lawicr,  who  was  in  command,  having 
been  shot  down. 


Barnes,  Wm.,  k.  July  14,  1864,  at  Harrishurg. 

Miss. 
Hooper,  Jas.,  w.  Aug.  31, 18G2.  at  Medon.  Tenn. 
Robertson,  J.  H.,  w.  Sept.  1, 1862,  at  Britton's 

Lane. 


Grove,  Orderly  Sergt.  R.  D.,  w.  July  14,  1804,  at    Hotchkiss,  S.  B.,  w.  April   6,  1SG2,  at  Shiioh 


HarrisburL'.  Miss. 


Tenn. 


Shepherd,  Color  Sergt.  Egbert,  w.  at  Harris-  ]  Leod,  D.  M.,  d.  from  wounds  received  in  serv- 

burg  whilst  gallantly  bearing  regimeutal  col-  J     ice. 

ors.  I  Sherill,  John  H.,  d.  in  Alton  prison. 

Nelson,  T.  E.,  k.  July  14,  18G4,  at  Harrisburg,  j  Mebane,  Robert,  w.  Oct.  11, 1863,  at Coliiersvrde, 

Miss.  Tenn. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Holes.        6ol 


Solomon,  Henry,  w.  at  Hernando,  Mi.=s.,   in  I  Tadlock,  Wm.,  d.  in  service. 
1SG3;  at  Briee's  Cross-roads,  June  10,  loGl;  j  Thomas,  Albert,  d.  in  service. 


Smith,  J.  H..  w.  June  10,  I8b4,  at  Brice'8  Cross- 
roads, Miss. 
Fox,  Henry,  w.  July  14,  1SG4,  at  Harrisburg, 

MlS3. 


and  at  Harrisburg,  Mis.-*.,  July  14,  18U4. 
button,  Ben,  d.  in  service. 
Willis;    Henry,  k.    Feb.  22,    1864,    at    Prairie 

Mound,  3Iis.s. 
Freeman,  W.  A.,  k.  Feb.  22,  1864,  at  Prairie 

Mound,  Miss. 

Company  M. 
Green,  Milton,   k.   Sept.  1,  1802.  at  Britton's  f  Raynor,  Wm.,  k.  June  10, 1864,  at  Brk-e's  Cross 


roads. 

Greaves,  J.  E>.,  w.  July  14,  1SG4,  at  Harris- 
burg, Miss. 

Carrigan,  Jimmie,  \v.  July  14, 1SG4,  at  Harris- 
burg, Miss. 

Gause,  $.•  P.,  w.  July  14,  1SG4,  at  Harrisburg, 
Miss. 

Oldham,  Sydney,  w.  July  14, 1864,  at  Harris- 
burg, Miss. 

Braden,  Reuben,  k.  July  14, 1S64,  at  Harris- 
burg, Miss. 


Lane,  Tenn. 

Hunter,  Henry,  k.  Sept.  1,  1862,  at  Brittotfs 
Lane,  Tenn. 

Hastings.  Wm.,  w.  and  d.  in  prison. 

Neighbors,  La  Fayette,  d.  in  prison. 

Young,  G.  \Y.,  vr.  Nov.  2-3,  is-'.l,  at  Columbia, 
Tenn. 

Shaw.  Archer,  vr.  Nov.,  1864,  at  Nashville. 

Harris,  Jas.,  \v.  June  10,  lSrJ4,  at  Price's  Cross- 
roads. 

Rice,  Thos.  S.,  k.  June  10, 1804,  at  Price's  Cross- 
■     roads. 

Official.]  

COMPANY  C. 
Coulton,  W.,  d.  Jan.  7,  1854,  near  Irby  Mills. 

COMPANY  D. 

Shirley,  B.,  d.  Dee.  27,  1861. 

COMPANY  E. 

Pepkin,  Samuel,  d.  near  Aberdeen,  April  5,  1864. 

COMPANY  F. 

Weldon,  Geo.  G-,  d.  near  Brownsville,  Tenn.,  April  25, 1SC4. 

COMPANY  G. 

Coleman,  T.  T.,  k.  at  Okolona,  Miss.,  Feb.  22,  j  Daniel,  William,  d.  at  Irby  Mills,  Miss.,  Jan.  7, 


1864. 


1SG4. 


EIGHTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  G.  G.  Dibrell,  Sparta,  Tenn. 


This  regiment  was  organized  at  Yankeetown,  in  White  county,  Tenn.,  by  au- 
thority of  the  Secretary  of  War,  C.  S.  A.,  as  partisan  rangers,  on  the  4th  day  of 
September,  1862,  by  the  election  of  George  G.  Dibrell  as  Colonel  and  Ferdinand 
IT.  Dougherty  as  Lieutenant-colonel.     The  Major  was  not  then  elected. 

Soon  after  the  organization  as  above,  the  regiment,  composed  of  twelve  compa- 
nies—nine hum'red  and  twenty  men — was  mustered  into  the  Confederate  service 
as  independent  partisan  rangers  by  Col.  E.  W.  Kucker,  C.  S.  A.,  who  was  sent 
from  Knoxville  for  that  purpose  by  Maj.-gen.  Samuel  Jones,  commanding  the 
department  of  East  Tennessee.  The  muster  was  near  Sparta.  On  the  3th  of  Oc- 
tober, 1S62,  the  regiment  marched  from  Sparta  to  MurtYeesboro,  and  reported  to 
Gen.  K.  B.  Forrest,  who  Lia<l  assumed  command  at  that  place;  and  by  an  arrange- 


652 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ment  made  with  Gen.  Forrest  the  twelve  companies  were  consolidated  into  ten, 
and  the  regiment  re-mustered  into  the  C.  S.  A.  as  regular  cavalry  and  assigned  to 
the  brigade  of  Gen.  Forrest,  and  Jeffrey  E.  Forrest  appointed  Major  of  the  regi- 
ment, and  the  regiment  took  its  position  in  front  of  the  enemy,  then  in  Nashville. 
The  last  muster  was  by  Col.  Charles  Carroll,  then  of  Gen.  Forrest's  staff. 

The  first  military  service  of  the  regiment  was  picketing  and  scouting  around 
Nashville.  They  crossed  the  Cumberland  River  above  Nashville,  and  camped 
in  Neely's  Bend,  where  they  had  the  first  engagement  with  a  large  force  of  in- 
fantry and  cavalry  that  was  sent  out  on  a  foraging  expedition  from  Nashville. 
When  it  readied  Murfreesboro  the  regiment  was  only  partly  armed  with  shot- 
guns, rifles,  and  such  arms  as  the  soldiers  could  gather  in  the  country,  and  at  Mur- 
freesboro  drew  four  hundred  flint-lock  muskets  and  six  hundred  sabers,  with  a 
small  quantity  of  ammunition — buckshot  and  ball — and  this  was  the  only  issue 
of  arms  ever  made  to  this  regiment  by  the  Confederate  Government. 

In  the  engagement  in  Neely's  Bend  the  loss  was  one  man  killed — Goolsby,  of 
Co.  F — and  six  or  eight  captured.  The  regiment,  never  having  been  drilled  a 
day,  and  poorly  armed  and  equipped,  stood  the  fire  well,  fell  back  to  the  river  at 
an  almost  impassable  cow-ford,  and  crossed,  placing  Co.  II,  Capt.  J.  M.  Barnes,  at 
the  river  to  protect  the  crossing,  whilst  Capts.  McGinnis  and  Leftwich's  compa- 
nies, also  Capt.  Windle's  company,  skirmished  with  the  enemy  back  to  the  river. 
We  retired  to  the  Lebanon  pike,  gathered  our  scattered  forces  together,  and  the 
next  day  recrossed  the  river,  drove  in  the  pickets  at  Edgefield,  camped  in  Bell's 
Bend,  below  Nashville,  and  moved  around  to  the  Murfreesboro  pike  without  any 
serious  trouble.  Was  ordered  by  Gen.  Forrest  from  La  Vergne  across  to  Nolens- 
ville  pike.  Moved  at  night,  and  went  into  camp  on  the  22d  of  October  without 
a  tent  or  any  cooking-vessels,  and  woke  up  the  next  morning  to  find  a  four-inch 
snow  on  our  blankets.  Scouted  and  picketed  from  our  camp  in  Rains's  woodland 
up  to  and  around  Nashville;  had  several  skirmishes  with  foraging  parties.  Were 
with  Gen.  Forrest  in  the  engagement  with  Gen.  Negley's  forces  on  the  Franklin 
pike  on  the  4th  of  November,  1862;  and  there  the  regiment  made  its  firs:  cav- 
alry charge  upon  the  rear  of  Negley's  forces,  capturing  fifteen  prisoners  and  kill- 
ing several.  Our  loss  was  eleven  wounded  and  several  horses  killed  or  disabled. 
This  charge,  made  by  cavalry  armed  in  part  with  flint-lock  muskets,  and  that 
had  never  been  drilled  a  day,  was  a  very  hazardous  undertaking  and  awkwardly 
done,  but  it  showed  that  the  soldiers  comprising  the  regiment  were  made  of  the 
true  grit,  and  that  all  they  needed  to  make  them  first-class  cavalry  were  discipline 
and  experience,  which  they  afterward  had. 

In  December,  1SG2,  this  regiment,  with  Gen.  Forrest's  command,  moved  aero-- 
the  Tennessee  River  in  some  old  wood-boats  at  Clifton,  Tenn.,  and  formed  a  part 
of  his  command  in  his  West  Tennessee  expedition.  The  Colonel  of  the  regiment 
was  temporarily  in  command  of  a  brigade.  Lieut.-col.  Dougherty  and  Capt.  J. 
M.  Barnes,  of  Co.  H,  with  the  dismounted  men,  were  left  in  charge  of  the  boats 
and  to  protect  them  so  that  we  could  recross.  The  regiment  was  in  command  of 
Maj.  Forrest  most  of  the  time  during  this  expedition. 

Near  Lexington,  Tenn.,  the  Fourth  Alabama,  being  in  advance,  met  and  routed 
Col.  Hawkins's  U.  S.  cavalry,  when  the  Eighth  Tennessee  was  ordered  to  the 
front,  with  instructions  to  pursue  the  fleeing  enemy  into  Jackson.  We  crossed 
Beach   River,  and  moved  in  a  double-quick  all  day  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to 


Regimental  IIistokies  and  Memorial  Rolls.        C53 


the  city  of  Jackson,  where  they  took  shelter  behind  their  infantry.  Gen.  Forrest, 
coming  up  about  10  o'clock  at  night,  ordered  the  Eighth  Tennessee  to  move  around 

Jackson  to  Carroll  Station,  about  seven  miles  out  on  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad, 
and  destroy  the  railroad  and  prevent  any  rcvnlorecmonts  coming  into  Jaekson 
from  Trenton  and  other  places.  It  was  a  very  cold  December  night,  very  dark. 
Being  in  a  strange  country,  it  was  difficult  to  get  guides.  The  trains  containing 
reinforcements  passed  up  before  we  reached  the  road — just  before  daylight — but 
we  heard  an  empty  train  leaving  Jackson,  and  hurriedly  dismounted  the  regiment 
opposite  Canoll  Station,  where  there  was  a  strong  stockade  with  a  garrison  of  U. 
S.  soldiers  We  did  not  reach  the  road  in  time  to  tear  it  up  or  to  place  obstruc- 
tions upon  it  so  as  to  destroy  the  train;  but  supposing  the  train  contained  soldiers, 
we  fired  a  volley  into  it  as  it  went  riving 'by  us,  and  immediately  reloaded,  de- 
ployed skirmishers,  and  charged  the  stockade,  when,  without  firing  a  gun,  they 
hoisted  the  white  flag  and  surrendered.  The  regiment  was  divided — live  compa- 
nies under  Col.  Dibrell  and  five  under  Major  Forrest — and  they  charged  from  dif- 
ferent points,  and  made  such  a  noise  with  the  volley  fired  at  the  Hying  train  and 
the  yells  in  the  charge  that  the  enemy  thought  they  were  surrounded  by  the  whole 
Confederate  army.  The  writer  of  this  directed  the  Captain  in  charge  to  order  his 
men  to  stack  their  arms  and  march  out  of  the  stockade,  which  was  promptly 
obeyed,  when  our  men  went  in  and  got  all  of  the  Enrields,  stacked  their  flint- 
locks, and  burned  the  stockade  and  a  large  quantity  of  army  supplies  that  we 
could  not  carry  away.  Then  we  tore  up  the  railroad  track,  and  moved  back  to 
Gen.  Forrest  with  one  hundred  and  one  prisoners  and  a  large  quantity  of  stores 
and  arms  captured,  without  the  loss  of  a  man.  From  this  time  forward  this 
regiment's  gallantry  was  never  questioned  by  that  great  cavalry  leader,  Gen. 
Forrest. 

The  Eighth  Tennessee  was  ordered  to  destroy  the  bridge  and  stockade  across 
Forked  Deer  Elver.  They  moved  to  the  place,  supported  by  Capt.  John  W.  Mor- 
ton with  one  section  of  artillery,  but  owing  to  the  swampy  condition  of  the  coun- 
try covering  the  approaches  to  the  stockade  and  bridge,  the  artillery  could  not  be 
used  successfully.  The  cavalry,  however,  had  made  their  way  up  to  and  around 
the  stockade  in  such  a  manner  as  to  have  secured  its  destruction  but  for  a  large 
infantry  reinforcement  sent  out  on  the  cars  from  Jackson,  when  we  retired,  los- 
ing several  killed  and  wounded,  moving  on  through  Humboldt,  where  we  were 
again  fired  upon  by  the  infantry  sent  out  from  Jackson  without  loss.  Tiie  next 
skirmish  was  at  Rutherford  Station — several  prisoners  captured. 

After  having  captured  Trenton,  and  there  drawn  a  large  quantity  of  clothing, 
arms,  and  army  supplies,  we  moved  via  Dresden,  McKenzie,  etc.,  to  Parkers 
Cross-roads,  where  we  met  a  large  infantry  force  under  command  of  Gen.  Sulli- 
van and  Col.  Dunham — two  brigades.  This  was  the  31st  of  December,  1862.  The 
advance  reported  a  large  force  in  our  front.  We  were  moved  up  rapidly,  and 
formed  line  of  battle  about  a  mile  south  of  Parker's  Cross-roads,  when  at  a  few- 
shots  from  Capt.  Freeman's  battery  the  enemy  retired  to  a  point  east  of  the  cross- 
roads. The  Eighth  Tennessee  was  ordered  to  pursue  rapidly,  and,  coming  to  the 
cross-roads,  was  ordered  to  occupy  a  hill  in  a  large  cotton-field  to  the  east  or 
north-east  of  the  cross-roads.  We  advanced  through  mud  in  a  double-quick, 
and  reaching  the  summit  of  the  hill  found  the  enemy  moving  their  artillery  by 
hand  up  the  other  side  of  the  hill,  when  we  opened  tire  upon  them  and  drove 


G5±  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


them  back  out  of  the  open  field,  leaving  their  guns  behind  them;  and  then  the 
battle  opened  in  earnest.  The  ground  was  very  soft  after  a  hard  freeze  the  night 
before.  Capt.  Freeman  sent,  a  twelve-pound  howitzer,  commanded  by  Lieut.  Ed. 
Douglass  and  manned  by  Sergt.  Nat.  Baxter,  jr..  to  our  support.  We  had  no  ;  i  - 
tection  except  the  crest  of  the  hill.  The  enemy  was  in  very  large  force  in  the 
timber  east  of  the  field,  and  had  the  timber  and  fence  for  protection,  and  they  had 
six  pieces  of  artillery.  They  made  three  or  four  efforts  to  charge  and  drive  us 
from  the  hill;  but  our  boys,  seeing  the  importance  of  holding  the  ground,  rallied 
like  true  veteran  soldiers,  and  repulsed  their  efforts  to  do  so.  Whilst  the  Eighth 
was  thus  gallantly  contending  against  such  large  odds,  Nat.  Baxter,  jr..  was  pour- 
ing hot  shot,  grape,  and  canister  into  the  enemy's  ranks  at  short  range,  doing  them 
■  immense  damage.  Finally,  when  we  were  getting  short  of  ammunition,  Capt. 
Morton  came  to  our  aid  on  our  left,  and  opened  with  telling  effect  with  one  of 
his  captured  steel  guns;  Cols.  Napier  and  Cox  came  with  their  battalions  to  our 
aid  on  the  right;  and  Gen.  Forrest,  with  the  remainder  of  his  command,  moved  to 
the  rear  of  the  enemy  and  opened  tire  upon  them,  when  they  fled  precipitately 
from  our  front.  We  advanced  upon  them,  had  charge  of  the  battle-ground,  were 
in  possession  of  all  their  dead,  wounded,  two  hundred  prisoners;  and  six  pieces  of 
artillery,  and  were  parleying  about  a  surrender,  when  Gen.  Sullivan,  who  had 
been  on  the  Huntingdon  road,  was  allowed  to  come  upon  our  rear,  and  was  firing 
upon  us  before  we  were  aware  of  his  presence.  This  caused  a  stampede  with  the 
horse-holders,  and  the  enemy  we  had  whipped  and  driven  from  the  battle-field. 
and  who  were  parleying  about  a  surrender  and  begging  for  time  to  care  for  their 
dead  and  wounded,  hearing  the  firing  in  our  rear,  knew  it  was  their  reenfree- 
ments.  They  then  rallied  and  engaged  us  again,  and  we  had  to  retire  through  an 
open  field  between  the  fire  of  two  infantry  brigades.  The  Eighth  Tennessee,  be- 
ing thus  engaged,  lost  more  heavily  than  any  other.  Our  loss  in  killed,  wounded, 
and  captured  was  one  hundred  and  forty-shx  men  and  about  one  hundred  horses* 
This  was  a  heavv  blow  to  the  regiment.  It  had  been  so  successful  prior  to  that 
time  that  this  loss  was  severely  felt,  and  they  were  never  satisfied  about  the  ene- 
my being  allowed  to  come  up  in  their  rear  unmolested  until  they  were  completely 
surrounded.  The  wonder  is  that  the  whole  regiment  was  not  captured.  The 
Eiarhth  was  then  re-formed,  although  out  of  ammunition,  and  marched  across 
Beach  River  that  night,  bringing  up  the  rear  and  protecting  the  artillery. 

The  enemy  were  so  badly  punished  that  they  did  not  follow  tis  for  >everal  days. 
We  camped  the  night  after  the  battle  east  of  Beach  River,  anil  the  next  day 
moved  on  to  the  Tennessee  River.  Near  Bath  Springs  our  advance  met  Col. 
Breckinridge's  regiment  of  United  States  cavalry,  and  were  4urmi>hing  with  them 
when  the  Eighth  came  up  and  immediately  charged  and  put  them  to  flight,  thus 
opening  our  way  back  to  the  Tennessee  River,  where  we  found  Col.  Dougherty 
and  Capt.  Barnes.  Their'dismounted  men  had  safely  kept  our  old  wood-boats,  in 
which  we  reerossed,  and  rested  for  two  or  three  days  before  the  enemy  appeared 
on  the  south  side  of  the  river.  They  made  no  effort  to  reach  the  river,  and  after 
a  few  shots  from  our  artillery,  they  retired. 

This  was  a  very  laborious  and   hazardous  expedition,  composed  almost  exclu- 
sively of  raw  cavalry.     Freeman's  battery  had  experience,  and  a  better  artillery 
company  did  not  belong  to  the  Confederate  service.     The  total  capture  of  prison 
ers  during  the  expedition  wa^  about  three  thousand,  with  a  large  amount  of  army 


BeGIMENTAL  HlStbBIES  AND  MEMORIAL  BOLLS.  C55 


supplies, arms,  ammunition,  clothing  and  medical  stores.  The  Eighth  Tennessee 
started  on  the  expedition  badly  armed  and  equipped;  and  although  they  lost  more 
men  than  any  other  regiment,  they  came  out  with  excellent  arms  and  equipments 
and  great  confidence  in  themselves,  and  were  proud  of  their  success.  After  rest- 
ing) a  dav  or  two  at  Clifton,  we  moved  back  leisurely  via  Mount  Pleasant  and  Co- 
lumbia to  Franklin  and  Spring  Hill. 

In  January,  ISO'S,  the  Eighth  accompanied  Gens.  Forrest  and  Wheeler  down  the 
Cumberland  River  when  the  gun-boats  were  captured  and  destroyed  at  Ilarpeth 
Shoals.  They  went  on  down  near  Clarksville  with  Gen.  Forrest,  and  suffered 
severely  from  the  extreme  cold,  but  lost  no  men.  Coming  back,  they  served  a 
week  or  ten  days  under  Gen.  Pillow,  who  was  on  conscript  duty  at  Columbia. 

About  the  first  of  March,  ISM,  Col.  Bardin's  United  States  cavalry  moved  from 
Corinth,  Miss.,  up  the  Memphis  and  Charleston'  railroad,  burning  and  destroying 
every  thing  in  his  way.  Gen.  Van  Dorn  having  recently  crossed  at  Florence, 
Ala.,  and  joined  Gen.  Forrest  at  Spring  Hill,  leaving  no  troops  in  the  vicinity  of 
Florence  to  protect  the  factories  in  that  locality,  the  Eighth  Tennessee  was  sent 
to  that  point  to  meet  any  force  Of  United  States  troops  that  might  make  a  raid 
there;  and  to  picket  down  the  Tennessee  Paver,  and  report  directly  to  Gen.  Bragg 
at  Tullahoma.  We  moved  through  rain  and  mud,  and  reached  Florence  after 
Bardin  had  fallen  back  on  Corinth;  but  we  moved  up  the  Tennessee  to  Lamb's 
Ferry,  secured  a  steamer  from  Decatur,  crossed  the  river,  which  was  much  swollen 
and  out  of  its  banks;  marched,  via  Courtland  and  Tuscumbia,  to  Bear  Creek;  and 
then  recrossed  and  took  position  at  Florence,  where  we  remained  about  six  weeks, 
among  as  kind  and  hospitable  a  people  as  ever  lived. 

During  our  stay  at  Florence  two  of  the  enemy's  wooden  gun-boats  came  up  the 
river,  when  we  moved  down  to  meet  them,  dividing  the  regiment — part  at  the 
bridge,  and  part  went  into  the  river  opposite  Tuscumbia,  landing  with  one  piece 
of  Capt.  Morton's  artillery  at  each  place.  When  we  ran  the  artillery  in  below 
the  boats  and  opened  fire  on  them  they  beat  a  hasty  retreat  down  the  river,  and  did 
not  return  again. 

While  we  were  at  Florence  the  noble  people  of  that  hospitable  town  provided 
a  hospital  for  our  sick,  of  whom  we  had  quite  a  number,  and  cared  for  them  in 
the  best  of  style.  There  were,  I  believe,  some  nine  or  teu  deaths  while  there. 
When  the  regiment  was  ordered  away  to  rejoin  the  army,  a  public  meeting  Mas 
called  at  Florence,  at  which  ex-Governor  Patton  presided,  and  resolutions  were 
adopted  complimenting  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  Eighth  Cavalry  for  their 
gentlemanly  deportment,  good  discipline,  and  gallantry,  while  in  their  midst,  and 
expressing  regrets  at  their  departure.  Speeches  were  made  by  Dr.  Ft.  A.  Young 
and  others  present. 

From  Florence  we  moved  back  to  Spring  Hill,  were  engaged  in  a  cavalry  fight 
at  Franklin,  and  made  several  captures  in  the  town.  While  picketing  on  Carters 
Creek,  below  Franklin,  we  learned  that  the  enemy  had  made  nightly  raids  on  the 
command  which  we  relieved.  Capts.  I.  W.  McReynolds  and  Swearingen  and 
their  companies  were  sent  out  on  picket,  and  in  the  day  placed  their  men.  across 
Carters  Creek  and  in  view  of  the  enemy's  line.  At  night,  however,  they  quietly 
recrossed  the  creek  to  a  hill  in  a  cedar  rough,  and  took  up  the  floor  of  the  bridge. 
Very  late  at  sight  the  enemy  stealthily  crossed  the  creek  above  and  came  into 
the  road  between  our  pickets:  and  the  bridge,  when  our  men  opened  fire  upon 


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Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


them.     They  stampeded  through  the  bridge,  leaving  much  skin,  hair,  and  blood 
from  the  wounded.     They  did  not  attempt  another  surprise  at  that  place. 

Soon  after  this  Col.  Streight,  with  a  picked  brigade  of  mounted  infantry,  start- 
ed via  the  Tennessee  River  and  Corinth  to  reach  and  burn  Rome,  Ga.  Geo. 
Dodge,  commanding  the  United  States  forces  at  Corinth,  went  with  him  up  the 
Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad  to  a  point  above  Courtland,  Ala.,  to  keep  the 
Confederate  forces  engaged,  so  that  none  could  be  spared  to  pursue  Streight.  Gen. 
Forrest  was  ordered  from  Spring  Hill,  Tenn.,  to  pursue  and  capture  Streight  and 
iiis  command.  Moving  rapidly  to  the  Tennessee  River  at  Brown's  Ferry,  lie- 
crossed  the  river  at  about  12  o'clock  at  night.  Gen.  Forrest  ordered  Col.  Dibrell, 
with  the  Eighth  Tennessee,  and  Maj.  Forrest  with  the  Tenth  Tennessee,  cavalry, 
and  one  section  of  Capt.  fluggins's  battery,  to  move  immediately  and  rapidly 
down  the  Tennessee  on  the  north  side  to  Florence,  and  to  make  such  demon- 
stration to  cross  and  move  on  Corinth,  the  base  of  Gen.  Dodge's  supplies,  as 
would  induce  him,  with  his  large  infantry  force,  to  return  to  Corinth,  and  si^e 
Gen.  Forrest,  with  the  rest  of  his  force,  a  chance  to  enter  the  chase  after  Streight 
and  his  command.  The  two  regiments  moved  rapidly  to  Florence,  arriving  there 
about  three  o'clock  p.m.  Upon  entering  the  town  the  writer  was  met  by  a  former 
merchant  of  Tuscumbia  (Mr.  Warren),  who  had  just  crossed  over  from  that  town 
in  a  skiff  without  the  knowledge  of  the  small  garrison  left  at  Tuscumbia.  who 
inquired  as  to  our  strength  and  intention.  He  was  informed  that  this  was  the  ad- 
vance of  Gen.  Van  Dorn's  cavalry,  and  that  our  destination  was  Corinth,  in  order 
to  destroy  Gen.  Dodge's  supplies  in  his  alienee.  Mr.  Warren  was  urged  to  recross 
the  river  immediately  and  bear  this  intelligence  to  the  officers  in  command  at  Tus- 
cumbia. Details  from  the  two  regiments  were  put  to  work  at  Bainbridge,  Florence, 
and  Garners  Ferry,  as  if  to  raise  the  sunken  boats  at  each  of  these  crossings. 
Huggins's  artillery  was  brought  upon  the  hill,  and  kept  up  a  cannonade  across  the 
river  into  South  Florence,  occasionally  throwing  a  shell  where  there  was  no  dan- 
ger, and  then  firing  blank  charges.  The  citizens  of  the  place  were  greatly 
alarmed.  They  hung  out  table-cloths,  white  sheets,  etc.,  and  yelled  across  to  us 
that  there  were  no  Federals  there;  but  we  continued  the  firing  until  night,  and  kept 
the  details  at  the  ferries  at  work  making  as  much  noise  as  possible  ail  night. 
Early  next  morning  we  were  notified  that  our  demonstration  was  a  perfect  suc- 
cess— that  the  advance  of  Gen.  Dodge's  army  was  rapidly  passing  Tuscumbia,  and 
pressing  on  hard  to  beat  us  to  Corinth,  while  we  were  resting  and  watching  the 
destruction  by  fire  of  many  buildings  by  Dodge's  army.  We  saw  the  flames  plain- 
ly that  were  destroying  La  Grange  College  and  many  other  buildings  in  the  line 
of  their  march.  Gen.  Dodge,  with  his  large  infantry  force,  having  been  thus 
drawn  back  from  the  direction  of  Decatur,  Gen.  Forrest  was  enabled  to  pursue 
and  capture  Streight  and  his  marauders.  Telegraphing  Gen.  Bragg  the  resui:  of 
our  demonstration  at  Florence,  he  telegraphed  back  and  ordered  the  Eighth  Ten- 
nessee to  leave  a  small  force  north  of  the  Tennessee  to  guard  and  picket  the  river, 
and  for  the  remainder  to  move  rapidly  in  the  direction  of  Louisville,  Miss.,  to  try 
to  intercept  Streight  and  Ids  fleeing  command.  Maj.  Forrest  had  been  order^-d 
to  follow  Gen.  Forrest  with  the  Tenth.  According  to  Gen.  Bragg*s  telegram, 
Lieut.-col.  Dougherty,  with  about  two  hundred  men,  was  left  near  Garner's  Ferry; 
and  the  writer,  with  three  hundred  of  the  regiment,  crossed  the  Tennessee  at  that 
point,  swimming  the  horses  and  ferrying  the  men  and  arms  over  in  one  small  for- 


Begiuextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


657 


ry-boat,  and  marched  rapidly  to  Louisville,  Miss.,  in  two  days  and  one  night — a 
distance  of  about  eighty-live  miles.  Upon  reaching  Louisville  we  learned  of  the 
capture  of  Straight  and  his  men,  and  after  resting  two  days  moved  back  via  Pike- 
ville  and  Moukon. 

1  he  enemy  at  Corinth  hearing  of  our  movements  and  our  small  furce,  sent 
out  a  strong  cavalry  force  to  cut  us  off,  but  our  return  via  Pikevilie  avoided  a  col- 
lision. The  officers  and  men  expressed  great  regret  to  Gen.  Forrest  at  having 
been  sent  off  and  nut  allowed  to  participate  in  the  chase  after  Straight.  Gen. 
Forrest's  reply  was  that  they  had  rendered  much  more  efficient  service  by  their 
strategy  in  causing  Gen.  Dodge  to  return  hastily  to  Corinth  than  they  could  have 
rendered  in  the  main  chase.  We  marched  back  via  Florence  to  Spring  Hill, 
where  we  scouted  and  had  several  skirmishes  before  Gen.  Roseerans  moved  on 
Tullahoma.  When  Rosecrans  started  for  Tullahoma  the  Eighth  Tennessee  Cav- 
alry was  upon  his  right  flank,  watching  and  skirmishing.  They  came  into  Shel- 
byville  after  it  was  in  the  possession  of  the  United  States  troops,  but  retired  down 
Duck  River  in  a  heavy  rain,  crossed  the  river  and  fed  at  Lint's,  south  of  Shelby  - 
ville,  and  then  moved  to  Tullahoma  on  Sunday  evening.  The  writer,  with  two  hun- 
dred of  the  Eighth,  was  ordered  to  scout  to  Hilisboro,  within  a  short  distance  of 
the  town.  About  one  o'clock  at  night  we  were  fired  upon  by  the  pickets  of  a 
large  force  at  Hilisboro.  There  we  learned  that  Gen.  Wilder,  with  a  large  cav- 
alry force,  had  gone  in  the  direction  of  Decherd.  Pressing  a  guide,  Ave  moved 
rapidly  to  that  point,  but  not  before  Wilder  had  reached  it  and  burned  the  depot. 
From  Decherd  we  were  ordered  to  Pelham  to  resist  the  crossing  of  Elk  River  at 
that  place,  which  we  did  successfully  by  destroying  the  bridge  near  the  town. 
The  stream  at  that  time  was  much  swollen.  Gen.  Bragg  was  then  falling  back 
on  Chattanooga,  and  the  Eighth  Tennessee,  with  others  of  the  brigade,  was  left 
at  the  University  place  for  thirty-six  hours,  with  instructions  then  to  follow  on 
across  the  Cumberland  Mountains  and  protect  the  rear  of  Gen.  Hardee's  corps. 
This  we  did,  and  overtook  the  infantry  near  Jasper,  where  we  remained  until 
they  had  all  crossed  the  Tennessee  River;  then  we  crossed  at  Kelly's  Ferry,  and 
moved  to  the  vicinity  of  Chattanooga,  where  we  rested  a  week  or  ten  days,  when 
the  writer  was  ordered,  with  the  Eighth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  to  recrossthe  Tennes- 
see River  and  move  to  Sparta,  and  there  scout  and  watch  the  movements  of  Gen- 
Rosecrans's  army,  and  to  report  when  they  moved  in  the  direction  of  Chattanoo- 
ga. We  recrossed  the  river  and  the  mountains  without  any  trouble,  opened  and 
held  election  for  Governor,  members  of  the  Legislature,  and  Congress,  in  White, 
Putnam,  Jackson,  and  other  counties  adjoining.  During  this  time  there  was  a 
corps  of  infantry,  with  one  or  two  brigades  of  cavalry,  at  McMinnville,  only  twen- 
ty-six miles  from  Sparta.  We  scouted  well,  and  kept  our  pickets  well  out  in  the 
direction  of  McMinnville. 

On  the  morning  of  the  9th  of  August,  1SG3,  our  pickets,  eight  miles  from  our 
camp  on  the  road  to  Spencer,  were  charged  by  Col.  Minty's  brigade  of  cavalry. 
The  picket  was  Capt.  Leftwich's  Co.  D.  A  running  light  from  there  to  camp,  two 
miles  above  Sparta,  was  kept  up.  Capt.  Leftwich,  being  on  a  fleet  horse,  would 
check  the  advance  until  overpowered,  would  then  press  on  and  urge  his  men  out 
of  the  way.  When  the  tiring  was  heard  as  they  came  running  at  lull  speed 
through  Sparta,  at  least  two-thirds  of  our  horses  were  loose  in  a  fresh  pasture  just 
opened,  and  by  the  time  we  could  get  our  horses  the  enemy  was  very  near  us. 
42 


DO 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Capt.  McOfinnis,  with  Co.  B,  was  sent  to  meet  and  cheek  the  advance,  but  they 
onlv  did  so  for  a  few  minutes,  -when,  by  superior  force  and  numbers,  they  broke 
his  line  and  came  thundering  upon  our  rear  as  we  were  moving  the  re-t  of  the 
regiment  into  position  across  Wild  Cat  Creek,  just  above  its  mouth,  where  it  emp- 
ties into  the  Calfkiller  River,  and  below  Fisk's  mill  on  the  creek.  Capt.  Dixon 
A.  Allison  took  charge  of  the  head  of  the  regiment,  and  formed  it  upon  the  left 
bank  of  the  river;  while  the  writer  took  the  companies  of  Capts.  Mounce  L.Gore 
and  B.  M.  Swearingen,  and  formed  them  in  front  of  the  bridge  over  Wild  Cat 
Creek.     The  enemy  were  allowed  to  reach  the  bridge  before  we  opened  tire  on 

£  them,  and  in  the  space  between  the  bridge  and  the  creek  there   must  have  been 

one  hundred  horsemen  when  we  began  the  attack.  Our  gallant  boys  never 
acted  more  bravely  than  upon  this  occasion.     Being  at  their  own  homes,  they 

I  fought  with  desperation,  and  repulsed  every  eifort  of  the  enemy  to  charge  ar  dis- 

lodge us.  After  they  had  retired  we  moved  farther  up  the  river  to  Blue  Spring 
Creek,  where  we  thought  we  had  a  better  position;  but  Col.  Minty  failing  to  pur- 
sue us,  we  took  up  the  line  of  march  after  him,  and  pursued  him  until  we  Learned 
he  had  recrossed  the  Caney  Fork  River  and  left  the  county.  This  being  a  hot 
August  Sabbath,  we  could  not  overtake  him.  Our  loss  was  two  or  three  wound-_-d 
and  about  eight  of  the  pickets  captured.  Their  loss  was  twelve  killed  and  a  num- 
ber wounded,  with  twenty-four  horses  killed.  About  this  time  or  just  before,  they 
made  a  night  attack  on  our  pickets  near  Rock  Island,  thirteen  miles  off,  and  capt- 
ured Hugh  Lowry  and  eleven  others.  This  was  on  the  night  of  the  4th  of  August. 
On  the  17th  of  August,  1863,  Col.  Minty  was  reenforced,  and  made  another  dash 
upon  us  in  daylight  and  coming  up  the  main  road  from  McMinnville,  We  had 
been  reinforced  by  Col.  W.  S.  McLemore,  witii  two  hundred  of  his  regiment,  and 
were  camped  near  the  same  place.  Our  scouts  met  them  twelve  miles  from  camp, 
when  they  charged  the  scouting  party  and  pursued  then;  hotly  to  camp.  The 
Fourth  Tennessee  took  our  former  position  at  Wild  Cat  Creek,  and  the  Eighth 
Tennessee  took  position  half  a  mile  above  at  Meredith's  mill,  when  the  battle  oe- 
gan  about  four  o'clock  P.M.,  and  lasted  until  after  dark.  They  lost  heavily  in 
killed  and  wounded  and  in  horses,  while  we  lost  two  men  killed  and  eight  or  ten 
wounded  and  a  few  captured.  The  battle  was  spirited  and  tierce  until  the  dark- 
ness of  the  night  put  an  end  to  the  fray.  Fearing  the  enemy  would  effect  a  cross- 
ing of  the  river  above  us,  we  left  a  strong  picket  and  withdrew  to  the  top  of  Cum- 
berland Mountain  to  a  very  strong  position,  and  expected  the  fight  to  be  renewed 
earlv  next  morning;  but  in  this  we  were  disappointed,  as  when  morning  came 
Col.  Minty,  with  his  command,  moved  across  the  mountain  in  the  direction  of 
Chattanooga,  saying  he  would  leave  us  in  full  possession  of  the  country  about 
Sparta. 

To  prove  the  inaccuracy  of  many  of  the  published  statements  about  the  war, 
the  writer  refers  to  a  recent  publication  made  by  Gen.  Rosecrans,  who  was  com- 
manding the  United  States  forces  in  Tennessee,  in  which  he  says  "before  moving 
on  Chattanooga  he  sent  Col.  Minty,  with  his  brigade,  out  on  the  Kingston  road, 
where  he  met  Col.  Dibrell  and  his  regiment,  and  drove  them  back  across  the  Ten- 
nessee River  handsomely,"  when  the  truth  is  we  repulsed  Col.  Minty  twice  with 
a  heavy  loss,  and  remained  in  the  vicinity  of  Sparta  and  the  battle-ground  for  a 
week  after  Minty  had  crossed  the  Cumberland  Mountains. 

In  the  engagement  of  the  Oth  not  more  than  two  hundred  of  the  Eighth  Ten- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


659 


nessee  were  engager!  in  the  battle,  and  not  more  than  three  hundred  in  that  of  the 
17th  of  August.  1803,  while  Col.  Minty  had  not  less  than  fifteen  hundred  or  two 
thousand  men  well  armed  and  equipped.  Their  loss  in  the  last  battle  was  very 
heavy  in  killed  and  wounded.  They  sent  many  of  their  dead  and  wounded  to 
McMinnville,  and  we  buried  the  dead  left  on  the  battle-field. 

The  support  given  us  by  Col.  McLemore's  reinforcements  enabled  us  to  repulse 
the  enemy  on  the  17th,  and  no  set  of  soldiers  ever  fought  more  bravely  when 
they  knew  they  were  fighting  against  such  large  odds.  But  we  were  at  home, 
fighting  for  our  own  dear  ones,  and  we  preferred  death  rather  than  defeat.  Min- 
ty's  men  made  various  efforts  to  charge  us  and  drive  us  from  our  positions  at  Wild 
Cat  Creek  and  Meredith's  mill,  but  the  true  and  gallant  boys  of  the  Eicrhth  met 
every  charge  with  a  yell  and  a  volley  that  sent  them,  to  the  rear  in  great  confu- 
sion. Of  the  wounded  I  only  remember  Lieut.  James  Walker,  Rowland  Terry, 
Evan  Bartlett;  of  the  captured,  Lieut.  Jesse  Beck  and  others.  Soon  after  this  Col. 
Hamilton,  with  his  battalion,  joined  us,  and  we  were  ordered  to  Kingston  as  rap- 
idly as  we  could  move,  receiving  this  order  when  a  great  many  of  the  Eighth 
were  at  home  on  leave  getting  up  their  winter  clothing  (for  it  will  be  remembered 
that  the  cavalry  generally  had  to  mount  and  equip  themselves).  We  moved  late 
in  the  evening,  and  consequently  quite  a  number  of  the  men  who  were  thus  absent 
on  leave  getting  up  clothing,  etc.,  were  left.  Some  came  on  and  overtook  us,  but 
the  majority  remained.  At  Kingston  Gen.  Forrest  ordered  Lieut.-col.  Dougherty, 
with  a  detail  of  officers,  to  recross  the  Cumberland  Mountains  and  gather  up  and 
bring  out  these  absent  soldiers.  Col.  Dougherty  and  his  detail  did  return  and 
get  together  most  of  the  absentees,  and  had  several  skirmishes  and  battles  in  the 
enemy's  lines.  The  most  noted  battle  in  which  the  detachment  of  the  Eighth  un- 
der Col.  Dougherty  participated  was  the  Dug  Hill  fight  on  the  22d  of  February, 
1S64,  with  about  an  equal  force  of  Col.  Siokes's  cavalry.  They  soon  routed 
Stokes's  cavalry,  killing  about  fifty  and  stampeding  the  remainder,  and  greatly  de- 
moralizing the  crowd  that  had  assembled  in  Sparta  to  listen  to  the  22d  of  Febru- 
ary oration  being  delivered  by  Col.  Stokes.  Lieut.-col.  Dougherty  and  a  number 
of  his  men  were  captured  and  sent  to  prison,  and  did  not  rejoin  the  regiment  until 
just  before  the  surrender.  Many  of  the  officers  and  men  made  their  way  through 
the  lines  to  the  regiment,  and  others  rejoined  us  when  we  came  back  to  Tennes- 
see with  Gen.  Wheeler  in  August,  1SG4. 

Prior  to  the  regiment  moving  back  to  Chattanooga,  Maj.  J.  E.  Forrest,  having 
been  elected  Colonel  of  an  Alabama  regiment,  left  us  to  assume  command  of  his 
regiment,  and  never  rejoined  us. 

Gen.  Forrest's  order  to  move  to  Kingston  was  dated  the  20th  of  August,  1SG3. 
Upon  reaching  Post  Oak  Springs  Ave  met  Gen.  Forrest;  made  an  expedition  up 
the  Emory  Fiver;  moved  back  via  Kingston,  crossed  the  Tennessee  in  a  horse-boat 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Clinch  Kiver;  moved  on  down  through  East  Tennessee  to 
Dalton,  Ga. ;  thence  out  to  Tunnel  Hill,  where  we  met  Gen.  Wilder,  with  whom 
Gen.  Forrest  had  been  skirmishing  all  day.  Wilder  retired  at  night,  and  we  fol- 
lowed via  Ringgold  and  Leats's  Tan-yard  to  Rocky  Springs,  without  any  serious 
trouble  until  the  sanguinary  battle  of  Chickamauga  was  begun;  snd  referring  to 
the  report  of  the  writer  of  this,  who  was  commanding  the  brigade  of  which  the 
Eighth  Tennessee  was  a  pari  and  actively  engage.!,  he  adopts  his  report  then 
made,  as  follows: 


6C0 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


"Head-quarters  Second  Brigade  Armstrong's  Cavalry  Division", 

"  Bird's  Mills,  September  25,  1863. 
"Capt.  A.  BurwelTj,  Assistant  Adjutant-general. 

"Sir:  I  beg  leave  to  make  the  following  report  of  the  action  of  the  Second 
Brigade  in  the  recent  battle  of  Clnckamauga: 

"On  the  morning  of  the  18th  instant  the  brigade  was  ordered  forward  to  guard 
the  several  passes  at  Glass's  mills,  Glome's  bridge,  and  Owen's  ford,  which  was 
done,  driving  the  enemy  from  and  taking  possession  of  the  null  and  bridge,  re- 
maining until  next  morning  on  the  left  of  Lieut.-gen.  Polk's  corps. 

"On  the  morning  of  the  19th  we  moved  to  the  right  of  the  infantry,  and  got  no 
in  time  to  join  in  a  heavy  skirmish  then  going  on.  We  occupied  the  right  of  the 
infantry  on  the  10th  and  20th,  and  were  in  several  very  hotly  contested  engage 
ments. 

"On  the  21st  we  were  ordered  forward,  and  engaged  the  enemy  in  the  gap  of  ■ 
Missionary  Kidge  during  the  afternoon,  losing  several  men  in  killed  and  wounded. 

"On  the  22d  we  moved  forward  again,  and  came  up  with  the  enemy  near  Ko.-.-',  ille, 
and  after  skirmishing  during  the  entire  day  succeeded  in  driving  the  enemy  to  the 
point  of  Lookout  Mountain,  lo>ing  several  killed  and  wounded. 

"  On  the  23d  we  skirmished  all  day  with  the  enemy  at  the  point  of  Lookout 
Mountain,  theirs  being  a  superior  infantry  force,  and  our  orders  being  only  :_> 
hold  the  ground  we  had. 

"On  the  24th  we  moved  to  this  place. 

"Our  losses  during  the  engagement  are  as  follows: 

"Fourth  Tennessee,  Maj.  McLemore  commanding:  Three  killed,  twenty-two 
wounded,  three  missing. 

"  Eighth  Tennessee,  Capt.  McGinnis  commanding:  Four  killed,  eleven  wounded. 

"Ninth  Tennessee,  Col.  Biftle  commanding:  One  killed,  seven  wounded. 

"Tenth  Tennessee,  Col.  Cox  commanding:  Three  killed,  six  wounded,  two  miss- 
ing. 

"  Eleventh  Tennessee,  Col.  Holman  commanding:  Three  killed,  three  wounded, 
one  missing. 

"Hamilton's  Battalion,  Maj.  Shaw  commanding:  Four  killed,  three  wounJe  i. 

"Freeman's  Battery,  Lieut.  Huggins  commanding:  Eleven  wounded. 

"Total:  Eighteen  killed,  sixty-three  wounded,  six  missing,  fourteen  horses 
killed  or  disabled.     No  saddles  or  equipments  lost. 

"The  brigade  captured  at  least  one  thousand  stand  of  arms,. a  large  lot  of  sup- 
plies, and  fully  live  hundred  prisoners.  AVe  were  kept  constantly  on  the  move 
or  engaged,  and  as  fast  as  prisoners  were  captured  (except  the  wounded  I  they 
were  sent  to  the  rear,  and  no  account  kept  of  them.  The  arms  were  srathered  in 
wagons.  The  command  armed  itself  completely  with  the  Springfield  and  Enfield 
muskets.  The  estimates  of  capture  are  only  made  by  me  from  what  I  saw  my- 
self. 

"It  affords  me  great  pleasure  to  say  that  the  conduct  of  the  men  and  officers  ot 
the  brigade  during  the  six  days  engagement  was  all  that  could  be  desired,  and 
they  fully  sustained  their  previous  good  character  for  gallantry. 

"  G.  Gr.  Dibrell,  Colonel  Commanding  Brigade." 

Of  the  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Clnckamauga  several  died,  among  them  Mere- 
dith Sparkman,  Nieh.  Carrick,  and  others.     The  Eighth  Tennessee  bore  a  con- 


ReGUMESTAL    HlSTOItlES   AND    MEMORIAL   ROLLS.  6G1 


spicuous  part  in  the  entire  engagement.  They  began  the  battle  on  Friday  morn 
ing,  the  ISth,  and  skirmished  all  clay  at  Owen's  ford,  and  with  the  aid  of  Hug- 
gins' s  battery  were  enabled  to  hold  the  position  taken  during  the  day.  At  night 
they  were  relieved  by  Gen.  Breckinridge.  Saturday  they  were  in  several  assaults 
upon  the  enemy  on  tiie  right  of  the  infantry,  always  keeping  up  their  end  of  tin? 
line.  In  Sunday's  engagement  the  Eighth  was  very  prominent,  and  aided  in 
eapturing  one  of  the  enemy's  hospitals,  with  quite  a  number  of  our  wounded  who 
were  cared  for,  besides  a  number  of  prisoners  slightly  wounded.  In  this  capture 
the  Eighth  secured  a  line  set  of  silver  medical  instruments,  which  was  afterward 
taken  charge  of  by  Gen.  Cheatham's  command,  and  never  returned,  thanks  to  ex- 
Gov.  Porter. 

In  the  last  hard  battle  of  Sunday  morning,  when  the  Eighth  and  other  cavalry 
were  near  Gen.  Thomas's  lines  in  the  midst  of  a  perfect  hail-storm  of  shot  and 
shell,  and  so  enveloped  in  smoke  that  you  could  scarcely  see  a  soldier  fifty  steps, 
the  infantry  upon  our  left  gave  way,  and  thus  exposed  our  left  Sank,  Gen.  For- 
rest ordered  the  cavalry  to  retire  across  the  field  in  our  rear.  The  roar  of  battle 
was  so  great  and  the  smoke  so  dense  that  the  officers  of  the  Eighth  did  not  hear 
the  command  to  fall  back  until  all  the  other  troops  had  withdrawn  some  distance. 
Capt.  MeGinnis,  Adjt.  Smallman,  and  the  other  officers  were  gallantly  cheering 
and  encouraging  rheir  men,  and  if  they  had  been  properly  supported  the  cavalry- 
would  soon  have  forced  Gen.  Thomas  to  retire.  In  retiring  through  the  field  and 
bringing  off  Huggins's  battery  the  Eighth  was  greatly  exposed,  and  but  for  the 
heroic  efforts  of  Adjt.  Smallman,  Capt.  Huggins,  and  others,  part  of  our  artillery 
might  have  been  left  between  the  lines;  but  it  is  a  pleasant  reflection  that  not  a 
piece  of  artillery  was  ever  lost  when  supported  by  the  Eighth.  Huggins's  com- 
pany of  artillery  used  to  say  they  had  no  fear  of  going  into  battle  when  supported 
by  the  Tennessee  cavalry  brigade,  of  which  the  Eighth  was  a  part. 

On  the  21st  of  September,  the  enemy  having  retired  during  the  night,  the  cav- 
alry was  saddled  and  ready  to  renew  the  fight  at  daylight.  It  was  10  o'clock, 
however,  before  they  had  orders  to  move,  when  Gen.  Forrest  sent  Maj.  Strange,  his 
Adjutant-general,  for  the  Eighth  Kegiment,  and  took  one  road  toward  Chatta- 
nooga with  Shaw's  battalion,  and  sent  the  remainder  of  the  brigade  on  the  main 
road  to  Chattanooga.  In  a  charge  ordered  by  Gen.  Forrest  in  person  the  Eighth 
and  Shaw's  battalion  lost  several  good  men  killed.  During  the  six  days  we  were 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Chiekamauga  and  the  pursuit  to  the  point  of  Lookout 
Mountain  the  men  and  horses  suffered  severely  for  food,  but  they  bore  it  all  like 
veteran  soldiers,  and  seldom  was  a  complaint  heard.  We  pressed  the  infantry 
back  beyond  Gillespie's,  where  we  were  in  full  view  of  Chattanooga  and  the  ene- 
my ditching  and  fortifying.  If  the  infantry  had  been  promptly  moved  forward 
on  Monday  morning  of  that  memorable  battle,  with  all  of  the  cavalry,  the  com- 
plete rout  and  destruction  of  Gen.  Roseeranss  army  would  have  followed;  but 
Gen.  Bragg  said  to  the  writer  that  the  loss  of  life  would  be  too  great  a  sacrifice 
for  us  to  make,  and  he  preferred  strategy,  and  said  he  would  send  the  cavalry  to 
the  rear. 

The  cavalry  was  relieved  by  Gen.  Long<treet's  command  late  on  Wednesday 
evening,  and  moved  back  after  night  to  Bird's  Mills,  where  they  rested  one  day,  and 
then  moved  on  the  U.  S.  forces  at  Cleveland  and  Charleston,  under  Cols.  Wool 
ford  and  Bird.     The  Eighth  was  in  this  movement,  and  engaged  in  the  running 


66-1 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


fight  back  to  near  Loudon,  but  took  no  conspicuous  part  in  it.  This  was  a  very 
hard  campaign,  owing  to  ihe  heat  and  dust  and  the  rapidity  with  which  they 
moved.  Coming  back  from  that  expedition  to  Cleveland,  Tenn.j  the  brigade  w,t< 
put  into  camp;  and  there  our  gallant  chieftain,  Gen.  Forrest,  gave  us  his  last  or- 
der in  regard  to  picketing,  scouting,  and  the  general  management  of  allliirs,  and 
repaired  to  Chiekamauga  Station  to  confer  with  Gem  Bragg. 

While  stationed  at  Cleveland  our  scouts  reported  Col.  Wool  ford's  U.  S.  cavalry 
brigade  encamped  at  Sweet  Water,  some  twelve  miles  from  their  infantry  support 
at  Loudon.  The  writer  conceived  the  idea  that  he  could  inflict  a  severe  punish- 
ment upon  Col.  "Wool ford's  command,  and  wrote  to  Gen.  Bragg  asking  permission 
to  make  the  move,  and  to  allow  Col.  Morrison's  Georgia  brigade  to  take  part  in 
the  expedition,  the  plan  of  vyhich  was  given.  Gen.  Bragg  approved  the  sugges- 
tion by  sending  the  following  note: 

"Head-quarters  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee, 
"Missionary  Ridge,  Oct.  13,  1S63, 

"Colonel:  In  reply  to  your  communication  of  this  date  in  regard  to  your  move- 
ment on  the  enemy  at  Sweet  Water,  the  General  commanding  instructs  me  to  say 
that  he  approves  your  suggestions,  and  desires  that  you  will  carry  them  into  effect; 
but  in  so  doing  he  wishes  to  impress  on  you  to  exercise  the  utmost  caution  and 
prudence.  Col.  Morrison  has  been  instructed  to  spare  all  the  available  force  to 
execute  the  part  of  the  movement  designed  for  him.  He  will  report  to  you,  lie- 
fore  he  moves  his  command,  for  instructions,  in  order  that  your  movements  may 
be  in  concert  and  cooperation  perfect.  To  your  judgment  and  zeal  the  General 
looks  for  good  results.  All  steps  necessary  to  secure  success  will  be  taken  by  you. 
...  I  am,  Colonel,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

"George  War.  Brent,  Assistant  Adjutant-general. 

"To  Col.  G.  G.  Dibrell,  commanding  cavalry,  Cleveland,  Term." 

Owing  to  some  misunderstanding  with  Col.  Morrison,  the  brigade  did  not  move 
until  the  19th  of  October.  In  the  meantime  Gen.  Bragg  sent  a  second  dispatch 
to  make  the  move,  and  sent  the  division  of  infantry  commanded  by  Major-sren. 
Stevenson  up  to  Charleston  to  support  the  cavalry,  and  he  to  command  the  ex- 
pedition, although  he  remained  at  Charleston  with  the  infantry,  thirty  mites  from 
the  battle-field.  We  crossed  the  Hiawassee  River  late  in  the  afternoon  of  October 
19,  marched  all  night,  and  reached  Sweet  Water  early  in  the  day,  to  rind  the  ene- 
my had  withdrawn  to  Philadelphia,  six  miles  farther,  and  within  six  mile<  of 
Loudon,  where  they  had  a  large  infantry  force.  We  pressed  on,  and  soon  met  a 
flag  of  truce  from  Col.  Woolford  conveying  several  citizens  of  Knoxville  through 
the  lines.  The  officers  in  charge  delivered  us  the  prisoners  (citizens),  and  wished 
to  return;  but  we  declined  to  let  them  do  so,  as  it  would  have  given  Col.  Wool- 
ford  notice  and  caused  serious  damage  to  Col.  Morrison,  who  had  moved  up  the 
Tennessee  River  and  was  to  get  in  Woolford's  rear,  between  him  and  Loudon. 
We  moved  on,  after  leaving  the  officer  with  the  flag  of  truce  and  his  men  at  the 
house  of  Gen.  Vaughn,  in  Sweet  Water,  and  soon  engaged  Woolford  in  a  skirmish. 
We  did  so  lightly,  until  by  the  tiring  of  Morrison's  men  we  knew  that  he  was  in 
position.  Then  we  opened  on  Woolford  with  Hmrgins's  bitrery  and  charged  him, 
putting  his  men  to  flight,  and  capturing  seven  hundred  prisoners,  six  pieces  of 
artillery,  twelve  ambulances,  fifty  wagons,  near  one  thousand  horses  and  mules, 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         003 

with  all  of  their  camp  equipage  and  a  large  quantity  of  arms,  ammunition,  army 
supplies,  etc.    The  Eighth  Regiment  was  actively  engaged  in  this  movement,  ami 

shared  in  the  captures.  Great  credit  was  due  to  the  gallantry  of  the  whole  com- 
mand for  iheir  success.  The  Eighth  was  not  in  the  final  charge,  but  came  in  soon 
after,  and  was  entitled  to  its  share  of  the  victory  thus  won.  Upon  reporting 
the  result  of  the  expedition  to  Gen.  Bragg,  he  issued  a  general  order  compliment- 
ing the  officers  and  men  engaged  in  it. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  21st  the  infantry  and  cavalry  from  Loudon  moved 
out  upon  us  in  strong  force,  but  after  a  severe  artillery  duel  and  cavalry  skirmish 
they  retired.  For  several  days  they  renewed  this  skirmish;  but  we  held  our 
ground  until  Gen.  Stevenson  moved  to  Sweet  Water  with  his  infantry.  Then  the 
cavalry  moved  over  to  the  Tennessee  River  at  the  McGee  farm,  where  we  camped 
several  days,  and  picketed  and  scouted  toward  Knoxville  and  Maryville.  The 
Eighth  lost  several  good  men  captured  in  Blount  county,  where  the  Union  ele- 
ment was  so  strong  that  our  scouts  and  pickets  were  never  safe  across  the  river. 
Col.  Woolford  had  moved  from  Loudon  over  to  near  Maryville.  Ascertaining  his 
locality,  and  learning  from  citizens  who  had  been  started  through  the  lines  and 
had  escaped,  the  true  condition  of  the  enemy  in  and  around  Knoxville,  Gen.  Long- 
street  was  ordered  to  move  on  Knoxville,  up  the  railroad;  and  Gen.  Wheeler, 
with  part  of  his  cavulry,  sent  by  MeGee's,  where  we  were  encamped,  and  together 
we  moved  on  Col.  Woolford,  near  Maryville.  Making  a  night  march,  we  sur- 
prised Woolford's  camp  about  daylight,  and  had  a  running  fight  on  to  Knoxville, 
in  which  we  captured  two  hundred  and  fifty  prisoners,  a  number  of  horses,  small 
arms,  etc.  The  Eighth  was  actively  engaged  in  the  first  attack.  Moving  rapidly 
to  the  rear,  we  charged  the  fleeing  enemy  on  the  Hank,  and  captured  a  number  of 
prisoners  without  losing  a  man.  We  then  crossed  the  Tennessee  Eiver  below 
Knoxville,  and  moved  up  and  participated  in  the  siege  of  that  city.  The  weath- 
er was  intensely  cold,  anil  forage  and  rations  extremely  scarce.  We  were  com- 
pelled to  subsist  upon  the  country,  and  did  so  as  best  we  could.  Our  lines  were 
north  of  the  city  and  across  the  road  leading  to  Cumberland  Gap.  A  few  nights 
before  Gen.  Longscreet's  fatal  attack  upon  Fort  Sanders,  the  cavalry  was  ordered 
to  make  a  demonstration  in  their  front  to  test  the  strength  of  the  enemy's  lines. 
A  part  of  the  Eighth  was  engaged  in  this  demonstration,  which  was  handsomely 
done,  and  showed  a  very  weak  line  in  our  front.  The  result  was  reported  to  Gen. 
Longstreet,  but  to  the  surprise  of  all  he  made  the  attack  upon  the  enemy's  strong- 
est fortitied  position. 

On  the  morning  of  the  1st  of  December  Gen.  Armstrong's  cavalry  division 
was  ordered  out  on  the  Cumberland  Gap  road  to  meet  a  force  said  to  be  moving 
to  relieve  Gen.  Burnside  from  his  siege.  Near  Maynardville  the  advance  met 
the  enemy  and  had  a  slight  skirmish  with  them  near  night.  The  Tennessee  bri 
gade  was  ordered  to  move  around  Maynardville  during  the  night  and  get  in  rear 
of  the  enemy.  They  moved  around  to  the  Cumberland  Gap  road  about  daylight, 
and  learned  that  the  enemy  had  retired  during  the  night.  We  started  in  pursuit, 
the  Eighth  Tennessee  in  advance,  and  were  soon  tired  upon  from  an  ambuscade. 
The  regiment  immediately  charged  the  party  firing  upon  them,  and  captured 
them  all  ( twenty-one)  before  reaching  their  support.  This  charge  was  made  down 
Lone  Mountain,  over  a  narrow  wagon-way  covered  with  ice.  A  number  of  the 
horses  fell  and  seriously  injured  several  soldiers,  among  them  Stub  Whitley  and 


CG4  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Win.  Smith,  the  latter  of  whom  soon  after  lost  his  mind  and  died.  Near  the  foot 
of  the  mountain  we  encountered  (Jen.  Foster's  command  of  ninety-daya  Indiana 
troops,  and  after  a  sharp  skirmish  drove  them  from  their  position.  As  the  enemy 
were  retiring  under  a  heavy  lire  from  the  Tenth  Tennessee,  they  were  charge- 1  by 
the  Fourth  Tennessee,  led  by  the  Colonel  of  the  Eighth,  supported  on  the  left  by  the 
Eleventh,  and  a  lively  light  ensued.  We  charged  upon  a  strong  force  intrenched 
behind  rail-works.  In  this  charge  the  Colonel  of  the  Eighth  was  severely  wound- 
ed twice  and  had  his  horse  shot,  and  Dixon  A.  Allison,  of  Nashville,  as  true  and 
gallant  a  soldier  as  ever  Hashed  a  blade,  was  killed.  After  the  first  repulse  the 
Fourth,  Tenth,  and  Eighth  dismounted;  made  a  dash  at  the  enemy,  and  drove 
them  across  the  Clinch  River.  The  loss  of  the  Eighth  was  several  severely 
wounded  and  several  horses  lost.  That  night  we  moved  hack  to  Maynardvilie, 
bringing  all  of  our  wounded  and  the  dead  body  of  I).  A.  Allison.  The  wounde  1 
were  cared  for  as  well  as  they  could  be.  The  weather  continued  extremely  cold 
and  the  roads  terribly  cut  tip  and  frozen.  The  next  night  we  learned  of  the  mi.— 
ing  of  the  siege  at  Knoxville,  and  that  our  army  was  falling  back  in  the  direction 
of  Virginia.  We  camped  at  the  residence  of  a  Mr.  Crawford,  in  Grassy  Valley, 
and  there  buried  our  comrade  Allison.  From  there  we  moved  on  into  Upper 
East  Tennessee.  The  Eighth  was  actively  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Bean's  Sta- 
tion,  and  several  other  engagements  at  M®ssy  Creek  and  in  that  vicinity.  At 
Mossy  Creek  Capt.  McGinnis,  who  was  commanding  the  regiment,  was  severely 
wounded,  and  in  the  last  fight  at  that  place  about  twenty  of  the  Eighth  were  capt- 
ured on  the  skirmish  line,  among  them  George  Judd,  of  Company  C.  From  the 
raising  of  the  siege  of  Knoxville  up  to  this  date — the  last  of  December — the 
Eighth  was  almost  daily  engaged  in  a  skirmish  or  picket  fight,  and  lost  quite  a 
number  of  good  men.  From.  Panther  Springs  we  moved  over  to  near  the  Bc-r.d 
of  Chucky,  and  on  the  17th  of  January  participated  in  a  movement  upon  Dan- 
dridge.  This  was  a  cold  time — snow  upon  the  ground,  and  our  men  poorly  shod 
and  clothed.  It  is  well  to  state  here  that  the  supplies  for  the  Tennessee  brigade 
had  been  sent  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  and  were  not  received  by  the  brigade 
until  in  March,  1S64:  consequentlv  manv  of  the  soldiers  suffered  for  lack  of  shoes 
and  winter  clothing.  Orders  were  given  for  every  man  able  for  duty  to  go.  I 
saw  several  men  on  the  march  without  shoes,  with  their  feet  tied  up  in  pieces  of 
blankets  or  other  cloth:  and  in  this  condition  we  moved  upon  the  enemy,  sup- 
ported by  a  small  infantry  force,  and  drove  them  into  their  fortifications  around 
Dandridge,  from  which  they  retreated  during  the  night  via  Strawberry  Flair.- 
to  Knoxville.  Early  next  morning  the  cavalry  started  in  pursuit,  but  for  some 
cause  unknown  were  halted  and  not  allowed  to  press  on  until  the  second  dar, 
which  enabled  the  enemy  to  reach  Strawberry  Plains  and  cross  the  Ilolston  River. 
We  arrived  just  in  time  to  see  them  quietly  moving  off  across  the  river  to  Knox- 
ville. That  night  about  12  o'clock,  with  the  mercury  below  zero,  a  courier  an- 
nounced that  the  enemy's  cavalry  in  lar^e  force  was  camped  opposite  DandrM^c-. 
and  near  and  within  striking  distance  of  our  supply-train.  The  Tennessee  bri- 
gade was  ordered  to  immediately  move  back  to  Dandridge  and  resist  anv  eRJ>rt  to 
cross  the  French  Broad  River,  which  we  did,  but  su  tiered  greatly  from  cold.  The 
Eighth  Tennessee  took  a  prominent  part  in  this  battle  and  expedition,  and  as  in 
all  other  contests,  the  officers  and  men  did  their  whole  duty. 

On  the  26th  of  January,  1<CA,  having  crossed  the  French  Broad  with  all  of  the 


IiEGIAI'ENTAL  IIisTOIilES  AND  MEMORIAL  ROLLS.  GG5 


Cavalry,  and  moved  in  the  direction  of  Sevierville  to  meet  the  enemy's  cavalry 
under  Gens.  Sturgis,  Elliott,  McCook,  Woolford,  and  others,  Gen.  Armstrongs 

division  was  sent  in  the  direction  of  Grassy  Valley  and  Pigeon  River.  The  Ten- 
nessee brigade,  of  which  the  Eighth  was  a  part,  soon  met  the  brigade  of  Col. 
"Woolford,  and  a  lively  fight  ensued,  lasting  until  after  night,  in  which  we  drove 
him  three  or  four  jniles.  He  retired  and  joined  his  command,  and  we  marched  to 
Birchfield's  and  camped  for  the  night  and  most  of  the  next  day.  The  Eighth 
took  an  active  part  in  this  running  fight,  and  did  good  service.  Our  loss  was  a 
few  wounded.  From  a  diary  captured  two  days  after,  the  enemy  mu>t  have  lost 
at  least  one  hundred  in  wounded  and  captured. 

On  the  27th  Gen.  John  T.  Morgan's  division,  under  Gen.  Martin,  with  Harri- 
-son's  brigade,  met  the  enemy  near  Fair  Garden,  and  sustained  a  repulse.  At  night 
we  all  moved  back  to  near  Cowan's  ferry,  on  the  south  side  of  French  Broad 
River,  with  the  Tennessee  brigade  camped  in  the  rear.  We  were  certain  of  an 
attack  next  morning,  knowing  the  superior  force  of  the  enemy,  and  that  they 
were  flushed  with  their  victory  of  the  day  previous;  but  we  were  ready  for  them, 
were  up,  saddled,  and  ready  at  4  o'clock  a.m.;  but  they  did  not  come  until  10 
o'clock.  The  Fourth  Tennessee  brought  them  back  in  fine  style  to  the  ground 
selected  for  the  battle,  where  we  had  made  temporary  preparations  by  throwing 
together  logs,  rocks,  etc.,  making  the  best  breastworks  we  could  in  so  short  a  time. 
The  Ninth  Tenuessee,  under  Col.  Biffle,  was  placed  in  front,  on  the  right  of  the 
road,  with  the  Eighth  Tennessee  upon  the  left  of  the  road  and  to  the  left  ami 
rear  of  the  Ninth;  the  Tenth  and  Fourth  to  the  left  of  the  Eighth;  and  the  Elev- 
enth and  the  Third  Arka  nsas  on  the  right  of  Bifllc  and  the  road.  The  position  was  a 
strong  one,  but  if  abandoned,  the  chance  of  escape  was  bad.  The  instructions  giv- 
en to  the  Eighth  Tennessee  were  under  no  circumstances  to  abandon  their  posi- 
tion unless  ordered  to  do  so  by  the  brigade  commander;  if  they  did  the  Ninth 
could  not  escape.  During  the  hard  struggle  against  the  combined  forces  of  Gens. 
Sturgis,  Elliott,  McCook,  Woolford,  and  others,  the  left  at  one  time  gave  way, 
and  word  was  passed  to  the  Eighth  to  retire,  but  they  gallantly  said:  "No!  we 
were  put  here  to  stay,  and  we  will  never  retire  until  ordered  to  do  so  by  the  bri- 
gade commander."  And  so  they  did  gallantly  hold  their  lines  until  the  others 
retook  the  position  from  which  they  had  been  driven;  and  night  coming  on  found 
us  victorious,  the  enemy  retreating  during  the  night  to  Blount  county,  thirty-five 
miles  from  the  battle-field.  The  Federals  were  severely  punished.  Their  loss  was 
currently  reported  at  not  less  than  three  hundred,  while  our  entire  loss  was  two 
killed  and  eighteen  wounded.  Although  the  Eighth  was  in  the  front  and  in 
the  thickest  of  the  fight,  they  did  not  waver  or  lose  a  man;  and  it  was  one 
of  the  hardest-fought  battles  the  regiment  was  ever  engaged  in.  They  fought 
a  force  greatly  superior  in  numbers,  flushed  with  their  victory  of  the  day  before, 
and  most  gallantly  won  the  day.  "When  night  came  on  and  the  battle  ended  the 
brigade  was  about  out  of  ammunition.  Not  a  single  straggler  was  seen  during  the 
battle.  Brig.-gen.  Armstrong,  who  was  in  the  rear  witnessing  the  tight,  remarked 
to  the  writer  after  the  contest  was  over  that  it  was  the  first  battle  he  had  ever  wit- 
nessed that  lie  did  not  see  some  stragglers,  but  this  tight  had  not  shown  one. 

We  were  much  exhausted  and  out  of  ammunition,  so  no  pursuit  of  the  enemy 
was  made.  On  the  next  morning  Lieut.-gen.  Longstreet,  Gen.  Bushrod  Johnson, 
and  Gen.  Martin  rode  over  the  battle-ground,  and  were  loud  in  their  praise  of  our 


606  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


brilliant  victory.  This  battle  was  fought  on  the  road  leading  from  Sevierville  to 
Newport,  near  the  residence  of  a  Mr.  Blant,  and  was  styled  in  the  report  as 
"Blant's  Hill/''  but  the  soldiers  called  it  "Dibrell's  Hill." 

Maj.-gen,  Martin,  commanding  cavalry  in  East  Tennessee,  issued  the  following 
complimentary  order  relating  to  the  battle: 

"Head-quarters  Cavalry  Forces  in  East  Tevvk— z:::. 

"Feb.  5,  1864. 

"Colonel:  I  wish  you  to  express  to  the  men  and  officers  of  the  Tennessee  bri- 
gade and  the  Third  Arkansas  Regiment,  my  high  appreciation  of  their  gallantry 
on  the  28th  ultimo.  Their  success  on  that  occasion  was  indeed  a  triumph.  It 
showed  what  a  few  determined  men  can  do  when  opposed  by  a  cloud  of  opponents. 

"Very  respectfully,  Will  T.  Martin,  Maj.-gen." 

The  Eighth  was  commanded  by  Capt.  J.  M.  Barnes,  oi  Co.  IT,  and  every  officer 
and  soldier  did  his  whole  duty.  From  this  place  we  moved  to  Pigeon  River,  be- 
low Sevierville,  where  we  remained  several  days  scouting  down  in  sight  of  Kn  >x- 
ville,  with  frequent  skirmishes  with  the  enemy.  On  the  last  move  down,  around 
and  in  view  of  Knoxville,  as  we  were  retiring  the  Eighth  was  bringing  up  the 
rear,  when  they  were  charged  by  the  enemy,  their  line  broken,  and  Adjt.  Small- 
man,  Wm.  Reavis,  Lambert  Hickman,  and  a  few  others,  were  captured.  Reavis 
was  wounded — his  leg  broken.  Adjt.  Smallman  put  him  upon  his  horse,  and  was 
conveying  him  to  the  rear,  when  he  was  surrounded,  overpowered,  and  taken  to 
prison,  where  he  remained  until  after  the  close  of  the  war.  Reavis  was  never 
heard  of  afterward.  Hickman  was  exchanged  as  a  sick  soldier,  and  died  in  Rich- 
mond soon  after. 

From  this  point  we  moved  to  near  Newport,  in  Cocke  county,  and  across  to  the 
bend  of  Chueky,  doing  a  great  deal  of  picket  duty  and  scouting.  While  at  New- 
port, in  March,  the  brigade  received  their  winter  clothing,  etc.  The  winter  had 
been  unusually  hard  and  cold.  We  had  no  tents,  and  the  soldiers  were  poorly 
clad  and  shod,  but  they  bore  it  all.  While  encamped  at  Newport  the  entire  bri- 
gade reenlisted  for  the  war. 

About  the  23th  of  February,  1864,  Maj.-gen.  Martin,  who  had  been  command- 
ing the  cavalry  in  East  Tennessee,  was  ordered  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee  with 
his  division,  commanded  by  Gen.  John  T.  Morgan,  leaving  Armstrong's  division, 
with  Huggins's  battery,  in  East  Tennessee,  commanded  by  Col.  Dibrell.  Before 
leaving  the  department  of  East  Tennessee,  Gen.  Martin  issued  and  published  the 
following  order: 

"Head-quarters  Cavalry  of  East  Tenne-see. 
"Newport,  Feb.  28,  18G4. 
"Special  Order  No.  1. 

"  In  leaving  East  Tennessee,  and  parting  with  the  soldiers  and  officers  of  Arm- 
strong's division,  the  Major-general  commanding  cannot  permit  the  opportunity 
to  pass  of  commending  the  zeal,  patience,  and  gallantry  of  the  division.  In  oar 
short  campaign — full  of  incidents,  of  battles  and  skirmishes,  of  privation  and 
want,  conducted  in  mid-winter,  in  a  mountainous  country — the  division  has  cov- 
ered itself  with  glory.  At  Maynardville,  Mossy  Creek,  Dandridge,  MeXurt's 
mill,  and  Blant's  Hill,  and  always  opposed  by  superior  numbers  it  has  fought 
with  distinguished  gallantry.     In  the  campaign  this  division,  with  that  of  Gen. 


Regimental  Histoeies  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


mi 


Morgan,  has  contended  with  immensely  superior  force — the  well-known  Twenty- 
third  Army  Corps.  It  remained  for  Armstrong's  division  to  close  the  conte-t  in 
a  hard-fought  battle  in  which  the  enemy  was  routed,  and  tied  far  from  the  field 
in  utier  defeat.  Thanks  to  the  gallant  officers  and  men,  we  will  all  be  proud  to 
have  been  of  the  cavalry  of  East  Tennessee  in  this  campaign.  .  .  . 
"By  order  of  Maj.-gen.  Martin: 

"Douglas  Walworth,  A.  A.  G." 

The  Eighth  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  a  part  of  the  division,  and  of  coarse  shares 
the  honors  of  the  command.  After  Gen.  Martin  left  East  Tennessee,  Maj.-gen. 
Robert  Ransom  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  all  the  cavalry  in  that  depart- 
ment. Gen.  "Wheeler  was  asking  that  Armstrong's  division  should  be  ordered 
back  to  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  and  Lieut. -gen.  Longstreet  was  trying  to  retain 
it  so  long  as  he  remained  in  East  Tennessee;  but  on  the  27th  of  March,  1864,  the 
following  order  was  issued: 

"Head-quarters  Cavalry  of  the  Army  of  East  Tennessee, 

"March  27,  1864. 
"Special  Order  No.  13. 

"By  direction  of  the  Lieutenant-general  commanding  the  department,  Col.  Dib- 
rell's  division  of  cavalry  is  relieved  from  duty  in  this  department,  and  the  com- 
manding ofriotT  will  march  the  division  to  Lalton,  Ga.,  without  delay,  and  report 
to  Gen.  J.  E.  Johnston. 

"  In  severing  official  connection  with  this  division  of  gallant  and  tried  soldiers, 
the  Major-general  commanding  expresses  his  deep  regret  at  the  separation,  and 
tenders  to  all  his  own  and  the  thanks  of  the  Lieutenant-general  commanding  the 
department  for  their  unflinching  devotion  to  our  country  during  the  past  winter, 
and  especially  for  their  crowning  act  of  heroism  in  ree'nlisting  for  the  war.  Such 
acts  reach  the  sublime,  and  make  men  immortal. 

"  By  command  of  Maj.-gen.  Ransom : 

"James  T.  Brown,  Capt.  and  A.  A.  G." 

During  the  East  Tennessee  campaign  the  entire  command  was  badly  supplied, 
and.  suffered  greatly  for  clothing.  They  were  constantly  on  duty,  bore  it  all,  and 
well  deserved  the  complimentary  orders  issued  by  Maj.-gens.  Martin  and  Ransom, 
for  they  had  rendered  distinguished  service.  They  richly  merited  all  the  praise 
they  received,  and  much  more.  Many  of  our  horses  had  become  unserviceable 
from  hard  service  and  want  of  forage.  Lieut.  Allen  G.  Parker,  of  Co.  B,  Eighth 
Tennessee,  was  sent  with  a  detail  with  the  disabled  horses  to  North  Carolina, 
where  they  were  recruited  and  returned  to  the  brigade. 

Leaving  East  Tennessee  about  the  last  days  of  March,  we  moved  via  Asheville, 
N.  C,  Greenville  and  Anderson,  S.  C,  to  Marietta,  Ga.,  and  thence  to  Resaca, 
where  by  order  of  Gen.  "Wheeler  the  division  was  broken  up,  and  a  new  division 
formed  with  Brig.-gen.  Kelly  commanding.  The  Tennessee  brigade  remained  as 
before.  \Ve  had  but  a  few  days  rest  until  we  were  ordered  to  the  front  above 
Dalton  and  about  the  7th  of  May  the  Eighth  Tennessee  was  on  picket  duty  above 
Varnell's  Station,  where  they  were  attacked  and  driven  in  by  McCook's  division, 
TJ.  S.  cavalry.  They  were  met  by  the  Fourth,  Ninth,  and  Eleventh  Tennessee,  and 
checked  up  until  the  Texas  brigade  charged  and  routed  them,  capturing  Col.  La 
Grange  and  two  hundred  and  fifty  men.    We  Lost  several.    A  fewdavs  after,  Gen. 


668  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Wheeler  moved  on  the  enemy,  supported  by  Gen.  Ilindmau's  infantry.  He  ex- 
cused the  Tennessee  brigade  because  of  their  severe  tight  a  few  days  before,  b  it  i: 
was  not  long  until  the  Tennessee  boys  were  sent  for  to  move  the  enemy  in  Wheel- 
er's front.  The  Eighth  was  deployed,  and  moved  up  the  line  on  Gen.  Wheeler's 
right,  and  soon  captured  fifteen  or  twenty  prisoners.  Going  on,  they  drove  the 
enemy  back.  The  Ninth  and  Tenth  came  in  the  rear,  and  charging  the  enemy 
drove  them  rapidly  back,  causing  the  whole  line  in  Gen.  Wheeler's  front  to  re- 
tire. As  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  were  re-forming,  an  officer  and  twenty  men,  re- 
turning from  a  scout,  came  near  the  Eighth,  when  they  fired  a  volley  into  the 
scouting  party,  who  fled  at  full  speed.  Coming  up  in  the  rear  of  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth,  they  poured  a  volley  into  them,  killing  and  wounding  every  one  of  the 
party  save  one,  and  he  feigned  death  for  awhile.  Every  horse  was  killed  or  totally 
ruined.  We  did  not  lose  a  man,  and  the  enemy  was  driven  from  the  rield.  One 
man  of  the  Ninth  was  killed  by  accident.  In  the  first  engagement  with  McCook's 
cavalry  last  above,  Hugh  Carrick,  acting  as  courier,  was  mortally  wounded. 

On  the  retreat  of  Geu.  Johnston's  army  from  Dalton  to  Atlanta  the  cavalry 
was  in  the  rear,  and  there  was  scarcely  a  day  during  the  long  march  that  the 
Eighth,  with  some  of  the  Tennessee  brigade,  was  not  engaged  in  a  skirmish,  picket 
right,  or  regular  battle.  At  Dalton  they  had  a  hard  skirmish  with  overwhelming 
numbers.  At  Calhoun  and  at  Eesaca  they  had  a  hard  fight,  losing  some  men. 
Kelly's  division,  of  which  the  Eighth  was  a  part,  was  the  last  to  cross  the  river. 
After  the  infantry  had  retired  and  destroyed  the  bridge,  they  moved  up  the  river 
seven  miles,  and  crossed  just  before  day  without  loss.  During  the  day  they  re- 
captured the  hospital  of  Gen.  Hindman's  command  that  had  been  captured  by  the 
enemy.  The  charge  was  led  by  Biffie  and  the  Ninth  supported  by  the  Eighth. 
In  this  charge  the  gallant  and  handsome  Jack  Nicholson,  son  of  Hon.  A.  O.  P. 
Nicholson,  charged  through  the  enemy's  lines,  and  was  killed  in  their  rear.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Ninth. 

The  Eighth  acted  a  conspicuous  part  in  all  the  skirmishes  aloni?  the  line  of  re- 
treat— at  Calhoun;  at  Cartersville;  at  New  Hope  Church,  where  Montgomery 
Lowry  was  killed;  at  Dallas;  in  front  of  Kennesaw  Mountain.  In  retreating 
from  Marietta  the  Eighth  was  engaged  in  a  very  severe  contest,  and  lost  several 
men.  At  Chattahooche  River  they  were  among  the  last  to  cross,  and  were  in  a 
lively  skirmish  for  several  hours  before  crossing.  After  crossing,  the  Eighth, 
with  the  remainder  of  the  Tennessee  brigade,  was  ordered  up  the  river  to  resist 
the  advance  of  the  enemy,  who  had  effected  a  crossing  near  Koswell  factory.  We 
moved  up  in  the  night,  placed  out  strong  pickets,  ami  secured  two  pieces  of  artil- 
lery that  had  been  abandoned  by  the  Georgia  militia,  and  prevented  any  advance 
or  marauding  by  the  enemy.  Our  camp  was  at  Poplar  Springs,  on  the  Peach-tree 
road,  until  ordered  back  across  Peach-tree  Creek  on  the  day  Gen.  Hood  super- 
seded Gen.  Johnston  in  command  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee. 

We  moved  back  and  out  to  Dallas  just  in  time  to  see  the  enemy  driven  from 
this  place  and  to  take  some  action  in  the  skirmish.  Erorn  here  we  went  to  Si  - 
Mountain,  and  there  had  quite  a  lively  fight,  in  which  our  friend  Col.  5fraty, 
who  had  twice  fought  us  near  Sparta,  was  engaged.  We  were  holding  the  errexnv 
at  bay,  and  would  have  repulsed  them,  but  Gen.  Kelly  notified  us  c(  a  lar^e  force 
moving  toward  our  rear,  and  directed  u^  to  fall  back  to  Conyers.  In  this  en_;i:_-- 
ment  the  Tennessee  brigade  and  Huggins's  battery  participated,  and  all  fought 


Regimental  Bistokies  and  Memorial  Rolls.        GO'.) 


bravely.  While  at  Conyers  Gen.  Stoneman,  with  his  command,  passed  around 
us  in  the  direction  of  Macon.  We  reported  the  facts,  and  begged  tor  permission 
to  pursue,  which  was  denied  u>,  and  twenty-four  hours  after  he  passed  Gen.  Will- 
iams started  in  pursuit,  and  captured  his  command.  We  could  have  come  up  with 
him  much  sooner. 

On  the  10th  of  August,  1861,  the  Eighth  Tennessee,  reduced  from  nine  hundred 
and  twenty -one  men  when  mustered  into  service  in  September,  1SG2,  to  one  hun- 
dred and  forty  effective  men  mounted  and  ready  for  duty,  marched  with  the  bri- 
gade and  Gen.  Wheeler  on  his  contemplated  raid  into  Middle  Tennessee.  We 
had  no  serious  trouble  until  we  reached  Dalton,  where  we  had  a  lively  fight.  We 
captured  the  town,  witli  a  number  of  prisoners  and  a  large  quantity  of  supplies, 
and  drove  the  enemy  into  their  fort,  a  xery  strong  position.  The  brigade  charged 
the  fort,  and  would  have  captured,  it  but  for  Gen.  Kelly's  order  to  stop  the  charge 
and  retire.  The  enemy  in  the  fort,  hearing  the  order  to  retire,  poured  a  murder- 
ous tire  into  our  ranks,  doing  considerable  damage.  While  this  rU;ht  lasted  it 
was  severe  and  the  result  doubtful,  but  we  have  always  believed  that  if  Gen.  Kelly 
had  not  checked  the  charge  we  would  have  captured  the  fort  and  the  entire  gar- 
rison. Our  loss  was  not  very  heavy,  considering  the  hazardous  undertaking. 
After  destroying  the  railroad-track,  etc..  we  moved  in  the  direction  of  Tunnel  Hill 
the  next  morning,  and  were  met  by  a  heavy  force  of  infantry.  After  skirmishing 
awhile,  Gen.  Wheeler  ordered  us  to  move  on  in  the  direction  of  Spring  Place  and 
the  Hiawassee  Elver,  which  we  crossed  above  Charleston.  We  sent  scouts  to  see 
if  we  could  ford  the  Tennessee  River  at  Cottonport.  Capt.  McKeynolds,  of  the 
Eighth,  reported  that  we  could;  other  scouts  sent  by  Gen.  Wheeler  reported  we 
could  not.  After  consultation,  Gen.  Wheeler  decided  to  move  via  Maryvilie  and 
Strawberry  Plains,  and  did  so.  The  Eighth  insisted  on  crossing  at  Cottonport 
and  going  in  advance,  but  this  was  denied  them.  The  garrison  at  Maryvilie  was 
captured,  and  near  Strawberry  Plains  we  met  the  enemy  and  ran  them  back  to 
Knoxville. 

At  Post  Oak  Springs  the  Eighth  Tennessee  was  allowed  to  move  in  advance, 
and  that  day  marched  to  Sparta,  fifty-five  miles,  and  the  men  allowed  to  visit  their 
homes,  to  report  back  within  three  days.  On  Cherry  Creek  a  few  of  the  men  met 
with  a  company  of  Col.  Garret's  regiment,  who  charged  them,  and  shot  one  of 
our  boys  eight  or  ten  times,  but  did  not  kill  him.  They  learned  from  him  what 
command  he  belonged  to,  when  they  beat  a  hasty  retreat  to  Carthage.  They  were 
of  Capt.  Pennington's  company,  who  had  terrorized  over  the  people  of  White 
county,  their  home,  in  a  shameful  manner.  Hence  their  flight.  In  passing  Sparta, 
Gen.  Wheeler  authorized  the  Eighth  to  remain  two  days  longer  to  gather  up  ab- 
sentees and  recruits  and  get  such  supplies  as  they  could,  and  promised  that  if  be 
was  compelled  to  fall  back  from  in  front  of  Nashville  he  would  fall  back  toward 
the  mountains  and  would  meet  us. 

At  the  expiration  of  the  two  days  nearly  all  the  men  met  at  Sparta,  according 
to  promise,  with  a  great  many  absentees  and  fresh  recruits,  when  we  took  up  the 
line  of  march  to  overtake  Gen.  Wheeler,  expecting  to  meet  him  between  Lebanon 
and  Nashville.  We  gathered  up  the  stragglers  from  the  entire  command,  which, 
with  the  recruits  and  absentees,  increased  our  entire  force  to  about  eleven  hundred 
men,  not  more  than,  three  hundred  of  whom  were  armed.  The  absentees  were 
greatly  rejoiced  at  the  chance  of  rejoining  their  old  regiment.     Many  of  them 


G70  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


had  been  liunte<l  tor  like  wild  beasts.  Some  had  been  killtd,  the  houses  of  M~>me 
had  been  burned  and  their  families  insulted  and  abused,  and  they  had  longed  for 
a  chance  to  get  back  into  the  army  to  avenge  their  wrongs. 

At  Lebanon  we  learned  that  Gen.  Wheeler  had  been  repulsed  in  front  of  Nash- 
ville, and  hail  fallen  back  via  Franklin  and  Columbia;  that  Gen.  Keiiy,  our  di- 
vision commander,  had  been  killed.     We  turned  across,  intending  to  try  to  crvss 
the  Nashville  and  Chattanooga  road  west  of  Murfreeshoro.     Sending  scouts  to  as- 
certain the  force  in  our  front,  they  reported  all  the  crossings  strongly  guarded. 
The  enemy  had  been  advised  of  our  force  being  in  the  rear  and  of  our  condition. 
"We  then  moved  in  the  direction  of  Woodbury,  intending  to  try  to  cross  the  rail- 
road near  Tullahoma  and  join  Gen.  "Wheeler  before  he  crossed  the  Tennessee 
River.     After  marching  until  about  one  o'clock  at  night,  and  having  had  great 
trouble  to  keep  up  and  together  the  command  of  recruits  unarmed  and  stragglers 
from  all  of  the  other  commands,  we  went  into  camp  just  south  of  Ready  rille, 
placing  out  picket?,  and  feeding  our  horses  from  a  field  near  McBroom's.     The 
picket  on  the  Murfreeshoro  pike  was  from  the  Fifth  Georgia.    After  we  had  gone 
into  camp  it  is  said  a  Union  citizen  went  rapidly  to  Murfreeshoro,  ten  miles  dis- 
tant, and  notified  the  commanding  officer.     It  is  said  he  estimated  our  force  at 
twelve  hundred,  with  one-fourth  only  armed.    Just  about  day,  as  orders  were  Lriven 
to  saddle  and  move,  the  enemy — Col.  Jordan,  of  the  Ninth  Pennsylvania  Caval- 
ry, with  others — charged  into  our  camp,   having  surrounded   and  captured  the 
pickets  without  firing  a  gun.     The  surprise  was  complete.     Scarcely  a  horse  was 
saddled,  and  the  utmost  confusion  ensued.     The  charging  enemy  came  in  from  up 
the  pike  with  drawn  sabers,  and  immediately  surrounded  McBroom's  house  and 
searched  it  fur  the  Colonel  of  the  Eighth,  who  had  slept  under  a  sugar-tree  in  the 
grove.     Our  men  scattered  in  every  direction.     Capt.  Bilbrey  and  Capt.  Gore,  of 
the  Eighth,  and  others,  formed  on  the  hill-side,  and  others  formed  on  the  opposite 
side,  which  checked  and  alarmed  our  foes.     Only  a  few  followed  our  stampeded 
force  to  Woodbury,  where  they  were  met  by  Capt.  George  Carter  and  several  of 
his  men,  and  many  killed  and  several  prisoners  captured.     The  enemy  hastilv 
gathered  up  the  prisoners  and  returned  to  Murfreeshoro.     Had  they  continued 
their  pursuit,  they  could  have  destroyed  our  command,  as  we  had  but  three  hun- 
dred armed  men,  with  but  little  ammunition,  and  about  eight  hundred  unarmed 
men,  mostly  raw  recruits.    Our  loss  on  this  occasion  from  the  entire  command  was 
two  killed  and  about  one  hundred  and  twenty  captured.     Several  were  woundei. 
We  captured  about  fifteen  prisoners  and  killed  seven.     We  gathered  as  many  to- 
gether as  possible,  and  moved  across  the  Caney  Fork,  below  Rock  Island,  where 
nearly  all  of  those  who  had  escaped  were  together  again.     From  there  we  went 
across  the  river  into  Van  Buren  county,  and  were  preparing  rations,  etc.,  to  move 
across  the  mountains  next  day,  intending  to  try  to  cross  the  Tennessee  River  about 
Cottonport,  when  we  received  a  dispatch  from  Gens.  Williams  and  Robertson  that 
they  had  been  cut  off  from  Gen.  Wheeler  and  were  marching  to  join  us.     This 
was  good  news  to  us,  and  we  gladly  awaited  their  coming. 

On  stopping  at  Sparta,  as  we  came  into  Middle  Tenne-see.  the  Eighth  Tennes- 
see had  but  one  hundred,  and  forty  men  for  duty;  as  we  were  going  out  now  we 
had  nearly  rive  hundred  men,  many  of  whom  wrere  unarmed,  but  all  eager  to  be 
equipped  and  to  do  duty  for  their  country.     They  had  become  desperate  at  seeing 


Regimental  HistobieS  and  Memorial  Lolls.        071 


the  manner  in  which  they  and  the  people  of  the  country  had  been  imposed  upon, 
abused,  and  in  every  way  insulted  and  degraded. 

At  Sparta  a  consultation  of  officers  was  had  and  the  course  to  pursue  in  going 
out  agreed  upon.  They  moved  up  as  if  going  into  Kentucky,  until  they  reached 
Sinking  Cane,  then  turned  and  marched  across  the  Cumberland  Mountains,  via 
Wartburg,  Robertsville,  Sneedville,  etc.,  to  Rogersville,  and  thence  to  Bristol, 
where  we  heard  of  Gen.  Burbridge's  move  on  the  salt  works  at  Saltville..  We 
were  ordered  out  to  Castle  Woods  to  meet  Burbridge,  and  while  there  were  ordered 
to  move  rapidly  to  Saltville,  as  Burbridge  was  within  twenty-five  miles  of  the 
works  with  a  large  force,  and  the  only  troops  in  his  front  were  Col.  Giltner  with 
two  hundred  and  fifty  men.  We  started,  and  marched  all  night,  reaching  Salt- 
ville, about  10  a.m.,  to  find  that  Burbridge  had  arrived  and  was  skirmishing  with 
the  troops  under  Gen.  "  Mudwall"  Jackson.  We  had  sent  four  hundred  unarmed 
men,  under  Capts.  Barry  and  Swearingen  to  Abingdon  for  arms.  They  had  been 
ordered  to  Saltville,  but  refused  to  obey  orders,  as  they  said,  from  any  militia  of- 
ficers, but  voull  await  the  coming  of  their  regiment.  When  they  saw  their  com- 
mand come  in  sight  they  gave  a  hearty  cheer  and  fell  into  line,  and  without  halt- 
ing the  regiment  was  placed  in  line  on  the  right,  and  in  front  of  the  residence  of 
old  Governor  Sanders,  where  we  could  see  Burbridge's  efforts  to  drive  in  our  lines 
in  the  center.  Gen.  Robertson's  brigade  was  on  our  left,  and  the  Eighth  Tennes- 
see, commanded  by  Capt.  Leftwich,  was  on  Robertson's  rieht,  and  the  left  of  the 
Tennesseans.  We  finally  saw  four  regiments  move  around  to  our  front.  We 
were  on  a  high  hill.  Our  vedettes  heard  Gen.  Burbridge's  speech  to  his  soldiers, 
two  regiments  of  whom  were  negroes.  lie  told  them  that  the  destruction  of  the 
salt  works  was  worth  more  to  them  than  the  capture  of  Richmond;  appealed  to 
the  negroes  to  tight;  and  finally  they  moved  in  great  confusion  on  our  lines,  firing 
as  they  advanced.  Our  boys  had  made  some  temporary  defenses  out  of  logs,  fence- 
rails,  etc.,  and  had  ample  time  for  their  coming,  as  they  hail  to  climb  a  steep 
hill-side  covered  with  a  thick  coat  of  briers  The  negroes  were  put  in  front,  and 
driven  through  the  briers.  The  Eighth  had  a  good  position,  and  as  the  enemy 
emerged  from  the  brier-field  they  were  generally  shot  down.  The  tight  la-ted 
several  hours.  Our  ammunition  was  getting  very  low,  and  we  sent  repeatedly  for 
a  supply  without  getting  it.  For  some  unexplained  reason  Gen.  Robertson  with- 
drew his  brigade  farther  up  the  hill,  leaving  our  left  exposed,  which  let  the  ene- 
my in  upon  our  left  flank  and  rear,  compelling  us  to  fall  back  a  short  distance  to 
the  ditches,  where  we  again  formed  and  opened  upon  them  with  McClung's  bat- 
tery, when  they  ceased  firing,  and  night  put  an  end  to  the  battle. 

As  the  enemy  began  to  emerge  from  the  brier-thicket,  some  of  the  Eighth 
became  exasperated  when  they  saw  it  was  negroes  in  front.  Lieut.  John  Webb, 
of  Company  F,  leaped  over  his  log  breastworks,  with  pistol  in  hand,  and  was  shot 
down.  His  brother,  Lieut.  Thomas  C.  Webb,  Alex.  A.  Reagan,  and  several  oth- 
ers, were  badly  wounded.  The  gallant  Capt.  George  Carter  was  killed,  and  the 
soldier  win.  shot  him  was  riddled  with  balls.  Capt.  Jeff.  Leftwich  was  command- 
ing the  Eighth,  and  every  officer  and  soldier  fought  bravely.  Lieut  W.  P.  Cha- 
pin,  afterward  Major,  was  captured  by  bis  horse  being  shot  and  falling  upon  him 
so  that  he  could  not  extricate  himself.  lie  took  Ids  captors  to  where  he  knew 
that  Cant.  Andrew  C.  Dale  was  stationed  with  a  detachment,  when  they  fired  upon 
ami   killed   several   of  those   guarding  Chapin,  and   released   him.     Early  next 


672 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


morning  we  found  that  Burbridge  had  retreated  during  the  night,  leaving  hU  dead 
and  wounded  upon  the  bat  tie- field.  We  endeavored  to  intercept  hiiu  by  crossing 
the  Clineh  Mountain  via  an  old  Indian  trail,  where  we  could  only  march  in  sin- 
gle file.  Xight  overtook  us,  and  it  was  very  dark,  and  before  all  of  the  command 
got  across  the  mountain  Burbridge  had  passed,  and  we  returned  to  Sakville.  Our 
wounded  were  sent  to  Emory  and  Henry  College,  and  kindly  cared  for,  and  oar 
dead  decently  buried.  The  enemy's  loss  was  over  five  hundred  killed,  besides  a 
large  number  wounded.  This  was  the  first  tight  the  recruits  had  been  in.  and 
they  did  splendidly;  in  fact,  the  whole  command  fought  bravely.  The  Eighth 
was  in  the  hottest  place  daring  the  engagement,  and  did  more  execution  than  any 
other  regiment,  although  the  whole  command  did  splendid  fighting,  and  was  com- 
plimented  by  Gens.  Williams  and  Breckinridge,  who  arrived  before  ih^  fight  was 
over. 

From  Saltville  we  moved  back  to  Georgia,  and  were  marching  to  overtake  Gen. 
Hood,  who  had  started  for  Tennessee,  when  we  received  an  order  from  Gen. 
Wheeler  to  return  to  the  front  of  Atlanta,  to  meet  Gen.  Sherman  on  his  march  to 
the  sea.  This  was  a  severe  blow  to  the  Eighth  Tennessee,  as  they  were  very  anx- 
ious to  return  to  their  native  State  and  do  their  duty  in  trying  to  relieve  our  dis- 
tressed homes.  A  good  soldier  never  disobeys  orders,  so  we  about-faced,  and 
marched  back  to  the  front  of  Atlanta,  near  Griffin,  and  awaited  Gen.  Sherman's 
move.  Very  soon  Gen.  Sherman,  with  his  immense  army,  was  on  the  march. 
The  cavalry  could  do  very  little  to  impede -him;  but  we  did  what  we  could,  and 
kept  his  stragglers  up  pretty  well,  and  prevented  much  destruction  of  property. 
Although  he  "smashed  things,"  as  he,  in  his  letter  to  Gen.  Grant,  sail  he  would 
do,  many  of  his  men,  captured  in  their  acts  of  vandalism,  met  their  fate,  and 
ceased  to  depredate  upon  defenseless  women  and  children.  The  tales  of  suffering 
of  citizens  in  the  line  of  Gen.  Sherman's  march  through  South  Georgia  and  South 
Carolina  were  sickening  in  the  extreme.  We  had  some  skirmishing  bin  no  seri- 
ous engagement  until  we  had  passed  Macon,  whither  we  marched  from  Forsyth, 
through  the  rain,  after  12  o'clock  at  night,  reaching  Macon  at  daylight,  where  we 
fed,  crossed  the  river,  and  had  a  sharp  skirmish  that  afternoon  about  Macon. 
The  next  day  we  had  a  lively  dash  with  Kilpatrick's  cavalry  near  Griswoldville, 
which  they  had  burned.  We  had  several  picket  fights  and  skirmishes,  and  were 
in  pursuit  of  Kilpatrick's  cavalry.  Coming  up  with  them  in  the  nisrht  of  No- 
vember 28,  Gen.  Wheeler  attacked  them  vigorously  about  daylight.  The  Tennes- 
see brigade  was  in  the  rear;  Gen.  Wheeler  was  repulsed,  and  meeting  this  bri- 
gade gave  orders  for  them  to  charge  down  the  road,  meeting  the  enemy.  The 
escort  was  composed  of  boys  selected  from  the  Eighth.  They  gallantly  led  the 
charge,  followed  by  the  Fourth  Tennessee  (Col.  McLemore),  and  then  the  Eighth 
(Capt.  Leftwieh).  We  charged  the  enemy,  drove  them  behind  their  rail-works. 
and  were  ordered  back.  We  then  moved  around  to  our  right  and  charged  them 
again  as  they  were  retreating,  and  routed  them.  We  killed  and  captured  several 
of  the  enemy.  Our  loss  was  light.  Every  horse  in  the  escort  that  led  the  charge 
was  wounded,  and  several  of  the  boys,  among  them  Bud  Dozier,  the  Bugler,  and 
others. 

At  Buck  Head  church  Gen.  Wheeler  overtook  the  enemy  asain.  charged  and 
routed  them.  They  destroyed  the  bridge  over  Buck  Head  Creek  in  their  retreat, 
but  we  soon  had  it  repaired  by  using  the  seats  which  we  took  from  the  ehureh. 


Eegluextal  Histokies  and  Memorial  Eolls.         673 


The  Tennessee  brigade  was  then  ordered  to  take  the  lead  and  move  to  the  rear 
of  the  enemy.  We  crossed  and,  from  the  information,  had  moved,  as  we  thought, 
to  the  rear  of  the  enemy,  when  we  turned  to  the  road  and  struck  the  enemy's 
jackets.  Charging  them,  we  had  a  running  light  for  about  half  a  mile,  when  we 
struck  Gen.  Kdlpatrick's  entire  command,  strongly  fortified  behind  rail-works, 
with  a  very  strong  position,  our  approach  to  which  was  through  a  large  field,  with- 
out any  protection  whatever.  They  had  selected  and  fortified  this  position  to  re- 
main during  the  night.  They  poured  volley  after  volley  of  small  arms  into  us, 
and  played  upon  lb  with  several  pieces  of  artillery;  but  we  held  the  ground  taker, 
and  returned  their  fire,  until  reinforcements  arrived  upon  our  right,  when  Kil- 
patrick  abandoned  his  works  and  beat  a  hasty  retreat.  "We  pursued  him  some  dis- 
tance, until  the  night  getting  very  dark  we  gave  up  the  chase  and  went  into  camp; 
but  Kilpatrick  did  not  stop  until  he  got  back  to  Gen.  Sherman's  infantry.  In  this 
day's  fighting  we  were  actively  engaged  from  daylight  until  nine  or  ten  o'clock  at 
night,  the  Eighth  Tennessee  sharing  largely  in  the  hard  struggles  of  the  day. 
They  made  the  last  charge  upon  the  enemy's  lines,  meeting  a  perfect  hail-storm 
of  shot  and  shell  from  Kilpatrick's  artillery,  in  which  Houston  Farley,  Ander- 
son Copeland,  and  others,  were  killed,  and  Capt.  A.  C.  Dale  and  several  others 
wounded.  Dr.  Jo.  C  Evans's  horse  had  his  head  torn  off  with  a  cannon-ball  just 
as  lie  had  dismounted  to  throw  a  fence  down  for  the  charge.  Capt.  Mounee  L. 
Gore  led  this  last  charge  in  person. 

In  a  few  days  after  this  Kilpatrick  came  back  to  Waynesboro,  supported  by  a 
large  infantry  force.  The  Eighth  Tennessee  was  in  'advance  and  made  a  gallant 
resistance  to  the  approach  of  the  cavalry,  but  when  the  infantry  came  up  to  their 
support  they  charged  the  Eighth,  broke  our  lines,  and  captured  several  of  the 
Eighth  Tennessee  and  killed  several.  Lieut.  Pendergrass  and  John  Williams 
were  killed,  James  Hickey  and  Lieut.  Selby  and  several  others  wounded  and  capt- 
ured. We  retired  through  the  town,  making  a  stand  on  its  north  side,  where  the 
Eighth,  with  Huggins's  battery,  made  a  gallant  fight,  and  repulsed  the  enemy,  until 
the  Fourth  Tennessee,  who  were  dismounted,  had  ample  time  to  mount  and  retire; 
then  we  retired  at  our  leisure,  and  were  not  pursued.  From  this  place  on  to  near 
Savannah,  Ga.,  we  were  almost  daily  in  a  skirmish  with  some  of  Gen.  Sherman's 
army.  Sometimes  we  were  in  his  advance,  blockading  roads;  then  in  his  rear  pick- 
ing up  his  stragglers;  then  upon  his  flanks,  driving  his  marauders  into  line.  We 
were  constantly  on  the  move,  without  rest,  and  frequently,  when  in  the  rear,  scarce 
of  rations  and  forage,  as  Sherman's  army  left  nothing  that  they  could  carry  away. 
They  destroyed  stock,  grain,  barns,  cotton-gins,  burned  houses,  and  tried  what  de- 
struction they  could  make.  The  writer  saw  respectable  ladies,  who  had  always 
had  plenty,  in  the  deserted  camps  of  Sherman's  army  gathering  up  the  waste  corn 
for  bread. 

Below  Sister's  Ferry,  on  the  Savannah  Paver,  we  came  up  with  the  enemy  after 
they  had  gone  into  camp,  and  pressed  them  hard.  Their  infantry  was  camped 
in  their  rear  and  across  a  swamp;  a  part  of  the  Eighth  Tennessee,  under  Capt. 
Bilbrey,  was  in  front,  when  their  cavalry  charged  us  up  a  long,  pretty  san.ly  road. 
Our  boys  stood  and  fired  a  volley  into  them  and  then  retreated  until  we  met  Maj. 
Jo.  Shaw  with  his  gallant  little  battalion  coming  at  full  speed  to  our  rescue.  We 
wheeled  and  joined  in  the  charge,  ami  turned  the  enemy's  charge  into  a  regular 
stampede.  As  they  went  back,  the  Fourth  Tennessee  fired  a  volley  into  their  right 
43 


G7-± 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


flank,  they  having  moved  around  to  get  in  their  rear  and  failed  because  ot  a  swamp 
they  could  not  cross.  This  increased  the  stampede,  and  they  ran  through  the 
swamp  leaving  as  much  sign  as  if  a  drove  of  wild  cattle  had  stamped  over  it.  In 
this  battle  the  gallant  Maj.  Jo.  Shaw  was  mortally  wounded  by  a  sharp-shooter 
about  dusk.  The  enemy  retreated  during  the  night,  and  we  had  no  more  serious 
fighting  in  Georgia.  We  followed  Gen.  Sherman's  army  across  Ebenezer  Swamp, 
and  until  he  entered  Savannah.  During  the  pursuit,  Gen.  Sherman's  army  had 
so  effectually  destroyed  every  thing  in  their  line  of  march  that  we  were  tea  days 
without  an  issue  of  meal  or  flour,  subsisting  upon  potatoes  and  such  rations  as  we 
could  get  in  the  country.  We  crossed  the  Savannah  River  into  South  Carolina  a; 
Hendron's  Ferry  in  a  steamer,  and  passing  through  an  immense  swamp  after  night 
reached  dry  land.  Then  moved  via  Kobertsville  to  Chevis's  rice  plantation,  ax 
miles  above  and  opposite  Savannah.  Here  we  rested  several  day-,  foraging  our 
horses  upon  rice.  Then  moved  back  by  Kobertsville  to  Grahamville  and  Henry 
PI  ill,  where  we  scouted  and  picketed  up  Broad  River  as  far  as  Bee  Creek.  Two 
gun-boats  were  in  Broad  River  at  Boyd's  2seck,  three  miles  from  our  camps,  and 
twice  the  enemy  from  these  gun-boats  ventured  out  to  attack  our  pickets,  and  were 
both  times  repulsed  and  driven  back  to  their  gun-boats.  When  Gen.  Sherman 
crossed-  into  South  Carolina,  Ave  were  ordered  back  to  Sumterville,  where  we  re- 
mained about  a  week  blockading  the  roads  in  Sherman's  front.  But  when  the  Fif- 
teenth Army  Corps  moved  upon  us  while  blockading,  etc.,  our  little  band — ?or> 
tristing  of  the  Eighth  nod  Fourth  Tennessee,  Shaw's  battalion,  Breckinri Jbe's 
Kentucky  brigade,  and  Wiggers's  Arkansas  battery — made  a  desperate  resistance, 
and  held  the  whole  Fifteenth  Army  Corps  at  bay  for  five  long  hours,  and  un:il 
notified  that  Gen.  Wheeler  had  been  driven  from  the  road  in  our  rear,  leaving oui 
wagon-train  greatly  exposed  and  unprotected.  We  then  withdrew,  losing  in  all 
about  fifty  men  wounded  and  killed  in  the  engagement.  Among  these  were  B. 
B.  Boyd,  George  Moore,  Lieut.  James  Walker,  and  several  others  of  the  Eighth. 
During  the  night  we  retired  in  the  direction  of  Barnwell,  where  we  joined  the 
remainder  of  the  command  the  next  day. 

We  were  marching  through  rain  and  mud  to  Blackville,  S.  C,  to  support  the 
First  Alabama,  Col.  Hagan,  When  near  that  place,  we  met  the  First  Alabama 
retreating  in  great  confusion,  and  hotly  pursued  by  the  enemy.  The  Fourth  and 
Eighth  Tennessee  immediately  met  the  enemy  and  charged  them  back  to  Black- 
ville, killing  and  capturing  several.  We  covered  Gen.  Stevenson's  retreat  from 
Branchville  to  Columbia,  and  had  a  very  hard  fight  at  G-ngaree  bridge.  . 
Columbia,  losing  in  all  fifty  men — twenty  from  Tennessee  and  thirty  from  Ken- 
tucky brigades.  Among  those  wounded  at  the  bridge,  William  A.  Officer  is  the 
only  one  of  the  Eighth  remembered. 

After  Gen.  Sherman's  army  had  crossed  the  Congaree  and  come  in  sight  of  our 
infantry  lines  in  a  large  open  field,  the  Eighth  Tennessee  was  ordered  to  charge 
their  advance,  which  they  did  in  splendid  style,  led  by  Col.  M.  L.  Gore  and  others, 
losing  several  men  and  horses  wounded.  This  was  as  unnecessary  an  exposure  •  : 
men  as  was  seen  by  the  writer  during  the  war,  but  it  was  an  order  from  the  officer 
commanding,  and  was  promptly  obeyed.  That  night  our  troops  were  all  »rith- 
drawn  through  Columbia,  and  the  Eighth  was  placed  on  picket  between  Broad  and 
Saluda  rivers,  until  they  were  shelled  out  of  position  by  the  enemy,  who  effected 
a  crossing  of  the  Saluda  just  below  the  factory,  and  a  large  infantry  force  bassoon 


Regimental  Histokies  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


675 


across  the  river,  and  we  were  forced  back  to  the  bridge  across  Broad  River,  which 
to  our  surprise  had  been  tired  by  Gen.  Anderson's  brigade,  which  was  left  to  guard 
it,  and  our  entire  command  had  to  pass  through  the  burning  bridge  or  sutler  capt- 
ure. Many  uf  the  men  were  badly  burned  and  several  dangerously.  The  next 
morning  the  enemy  began  to  cross  Broad  Kiver  in  front  of  Deas's  brigade  of  in- 
fantry, seemingly  without  opposition.  Our  cavalry  division  was  ordered  up  to 
support  the  infantry,  but  was  too  late,  as  the  crossing  had  been  effected.  We  lost 
two  men  killed  there.  We  then  retired  a  short  distance  on  the  Winnshoro  road, 
and  made  a  stand,  witnessing  the  enemy's  mareh  into  the  proud  capital  of  the 
State  of  South  Carolina  and  the  burning  of  the  town. 

We  tried  in  vain  to  get  many  supplies  that  our  troops  needed  badly  at  Colum- 
bia, but  failed,  and  they  were  nearly  or  quite  all  captured  by  the  enemy. 

Next  day  we  moved  via  Winnsboro,  etc.,  to  Chesterville. 

Gen.  Sherman,  when  he  left  Columbia,  crossed  the  Catawba  Eiver  at  Eocky 
Point.  Gen.  Wheeler  put  a  raft  in  the  river,  breaking  his  pontoon  and  leaving 
Blair's  army  corps  south  of  the  river. 

The  Tennessee  and  Kentucky  brigades  were  sent  back  from  Chesterville  to  see 
what  could  be  done  for  our  sick  and  wounded  at  Columbia,  and  to  harass  and  an 
noy  Gen.  Shermans  rear.  At  Black  Stock  we  turned  in  his  rear,  and  could  tell 
by  the  smoke  of  burning  houses  where  his  troops  and  his  advance  were.  On 
Sunday  evening  we  sent  a  scout  in  the  direction  of  the  smoke,  and  soon  they 
encountered  thirty-live  or  forty  Federals  amusing  themselves  at  Stroud's  mills 
burning  houses,  cotton-gins,  etc.;  and  our  boys  charged  and  captured  the  ent'te 
command. 

Next  morning  we  crossed  Eock  Creek  and  surprised  the  enemy,  who  were  out 
in  large  force  foraging  over  the  country  while  waiting  for  the  pontoon  to  be  re 
paired.  Col.  Gore,  commanding  the  Eighth,  captured  fourteen  wagons  and  team? 
and  a  number  of  prisoners,  while  the  staff  and  escort,  with  others,  charged  into 
their  camp,  greatly  alarming  them  and  effectually  stopping  all  further  foraging 
there.  Our  total  captures  were  one  hundred  and  fifty  prisoners,  one  hundred  and 
fifty  horses  ami  mules,  and  fourteen  wagons  with  harness,  loaded  principally  with 
forage  taken  from  citizens.  Our  presence  in  that  locality  was  a  Godsend  to  the 
citizens,  and  they  appreciated  it  greatly. 

We  then  moved  up  and  crossed  the  Catawba  into  North  Carolina  on  the  rail- 
road bridge,  and  passing  Monroe  and  Wadesboro  crossed  the  Great  Pedee  Eiver 
at  Grassy  Island  while  it  was  raining  hard  and  the  river  rising  rapidly.  We 
camped  the  next  day  and  night,  and  marched  sixty-five  miles  to  overtake  Gens. 
Hampton  and  Wheeler.  We  joined  them  just  as  they  were  ready  to  surprise 
Kilpatrick's  camp,  which  they  did  just  before  daylight,  capturing  four  hundred 
prisoners  and  releasing  one  hundred  and  seventy  Confederate  prisoners  and  citi- 
zens held  by  Gen.  Kilpatrick.  Our  division  was  held  in  reserve,  and  when  Gen. 
Shermans  infantry  came  to  the  rescue  of  Kilpatrick's  cavalry,  Hampton  and 
Wheeler  were  forced  to  fail  back;  and  then  the  little  Tennessee  brigade,  composed 
of  the  Fourth  and  Eighth  and  Shaw's  battalion,  was  brought  into  action  in  a  gal- 
lop, and  for  an  hour  and  ten  minutes  made  one  of  the  best  horseback  fights  made 
during  the  war.  They  effectually  checked  the  enemy's  advance,  and  held  them  at 
bay  until  all  the  disorganized  cavalry  had  got  together;  and  we  then  retired  at 
our   leisure,  after  losing  seTcral   good    men   ami    horses.     Among  the  soldiers 


676  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


wounded  was  Lieut.  Cass,  shot  through  the  lungs;  but  he  recovered,  and  has  sin  e 
died  from  the  effects  of  that  wound.     He  was  a  gallant  boy. 

We  had  a  skirmish  in  passing  through  Fayetteville,  X.  C,  and  participated   In 
the  battle  at  Averysboro,  and  were  hotly  engaged  on  the  18th  and  19th  of  >J 
at  the  battle  of  Bentonville,  and  on  the  20th  skirmished,  protecting  our  right 
flank. 

After  the  battle  at  Bentonville  Gen.  Sherman  moved  to  Goldsboro,  and  ^e 
moved  to  Nalmnta,  near  Pikeville,  where  Capt.  York's  company  of  scout*  picked 
up  a  number  of  prisoners  during  the  ten  or  twelve  days  we  remained  at  this 
place. 

On  the  10th  of  April  Gen.  Sherman  moved  on  us  from  Goldsboro.  and  as  we 
could  not  resist  his  crossing  Nahunta  Swamp,  we  had  a  hard  skirmish,  in  which 
James  Short  and  Tom  Bass,  of  the  Fourth  Tennessee,  were  killed,  being  the  last 
soldiers  killed  in  action. 

On  the  11th  of  April,  1S65,  we  made  our  last  fight  at  Beulah,  X.  C,  near  Little 
River,  the  bridge  over  which  we  destroyed.  This  was  a  stubborn  fight,  with  sev- 
eral wounded,  but  none  killed.  It  was  said  that  Isaac  D.  Reagan,  of  Co.  C,  Eighth 
Tennessee  Cavalry,  fired  the  last  shot  in  this  engagement. 

On  the  12th  of  April  we  crossed  the  Xeuse  River  at  Battle's  bridge,  and  then 
learned  the  truth  of  Gen.  Lee's  disaster  in  front  of  Petersburg,  which  Sherman's 
men  had  been  hallooing  to  us  for  two  days  before,  but  we  did  not  believe  it.  Mov- 
ing up  to  Raleigh,  that  evening  we  were  ordered  to  march  as  rapidly  as  we  could 
to  Greensboro,  eighty-five  miles  distant,  and  report  to  President  Davis.  Startrac* 
just  before  sundown,  with  the  little  Kentucky  and  Tennessee  brigade  and  Win- 
gers'* Arkansas  battery,  we  made  the  march  to  Greensboro  in  two  days  and  nis  "  -. 
a  very  hard  march.  Arriving  at  Greensboro,  X.  C,  about  twelve  o'clock  at  niffht, 
we  reported  in  person  to  Gen.  Breckinridge,  Secretary  of  War,  and  Presider.i  Da- 
,  vis,  and  received  orders  and  instructions  as  to  our  future  movements.     Our  men 

and  horses  were  fatigued,  and  needed  rest  after  the  hard  march.  On  the  next 
day  Greensboro  was  full  of  soldiers  from  Gen.  Lee's  army,  together  with  a  sreat 
many  stragglers,  State  troops,  and  others,  all  of  whom  were  greatly  demoralized, 
and  many  soldiers  were  drinking.  It  was  said  there  were  some  supplio  in  ::.e 
town  that  the  soldiers  wanted,  and  the  authorities  in  charge  were  destroying  vast 
quantities  of  alcohol  and  other  supplies.  In  the  evening  some  of  the  cavalry  ha  1 
got  into  the  crowd,  and  to  disperse  them  all  a  certain  cowardly  Lieut.  Molloy.  of 
the  North  Carolina  State  troops,  ordered  his  men  to  fire  upon  the  other-,  whi  h 
they  did,  killing  James  Brown,  of  Co.  I>,  Eighth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  and  w 
ing  one  other  soldier.  This  was  the  last  death  in  the  regiment,  and  his  dea:h  w,as 
a  cold-blooded  murder,  perpetrated  by  order  of  Lieut.  Mollov,  and  caused  great 
indignation  with  the  cavalry,  as  Brown  was  an  extra  good  soldier  and  a  pop  "  it 
young  man,  a  brother  of  Lieut.-col.  Brown,  of  the  Sixteenth  Tenne— ee  Infantry. 
On  account  of  this  affair  the  command  that  evening,  with  President  Davis  and 
his  staff,  moved  out  six  or  eight  miles  and  camped  for  the  ni_rht.  We  then 
proceeded  via  Lexington,  Saulsbury,  etc.,  to  Charlotte,  N.  O,  escorting  Pres: dent 
Davis  and  his  Cabinet,  and  guarding  his  trains  and  picketing  and  scoutinj  in 
every  direction,  causing  heavy  duty. 

At  Charlotte,  X.  C,  Gens.  Vaughn  and  Duke,  with  their  brigades  from  Western 
Virginia,  joined  us,  and  soon  Gen.  Ferguson,  with  his  brigade,  also  joined  us,  and 


Eigimextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


677 


we  moved  on,  the  Tennessee  and  Kentucky  brigades  doing  the  principal  part  of  the 
scouting  and  picket  duty  until  we  readied  Abbeville,  S.  (.'.,  where  the  last  consul- 
tation was  had  at  the  house  of  lion.  Mr.  Burt.  There  were  present  President 
Davis,  Gen.  J.  C.  Breckinridge,  Gen.  Braxton  Bragg,  Gen.  G.G.  Dibrell,  Gen.  J. 
C.  Vaughn,  Gen.  P>.  AY.  Duke,  Gen.  Ferguson,  and  Col.  W.  C.  P.  Breckinridge.  It 
was  there  decided  to  break  up  the  command,  let  those  who  desired  to  accept  the 
terms  of  Gen.  J.  E.  Johnston's  surrender  do  so,  and  those  who  wanted  to  go  to 
the  trans-Mississippi  do  so;  President  Davis  saying  he  would  take  his  stall',  his  per- 
sonal escort,  and  the  company  of  Capt.  Given  Campbell's  Kentucky  troops  we  had 
assigned  him,  and  look  out  for  himself.  It  was  further  agreed  that  on  crossing  the 
Savannah  Kiver  the  next  morning  the  entire  command  would  halt  and  some  spe- 
cie belonging  to  the  Government  in  our  train  should  be  divided  among  all  the  sol- 
diers present.  At  eleven  o'clock  at  night  we  moved  from  Abbeville,  S.  C,  and 
crossed  the  Savannah  Kiver  into  Georgia,  and  halted  near  Washington,  where,  as 
per  agreement,  one  hundred  and  eight  thousand  dollars  was  divided  among  the 
soldiers,  each  soldier  receiving  twenty-six  dollars  and  twenty-five  cents.  This  was 
on  the  3d  of  May,  ISGo,  and  on  the  11th  of  May  we  were  paroled  by  Capt.  Lot 
Abrahams,  of  the  Fourth  Iowa  Cavalry,  and  moved  in  a  body  for  our  homes  in 
Tennessee. 

From  the  day  we  reported  to  President  Davis  at  Greensboro,  N.  C,  until  the 
surrender  at  "Washington,  Ga.,  the  gallant  Tennessee  boys  did  splendid  service, 
and  never  faltered  in  any  duty  assigned  them.  Notwithstanding  thousands  of  pa- 
roled and  badly  demoralized  troops  were  passing  us  daily,  still  they  kept  their  or- 
ganization intact.  During  all  this  trying  time  only  two  young  men  of  good  fam- 
ilies left,  and  their  names  are  withheld.  It  was  frequently  said  that  ours  was  the 
only  organized  command  east  of  the  Mississippi  Kiver. 

The  Eighth  Tennessee  Kegiment  went  into  service  October,  1SG2,  with  nine 
hundred  and  twenty-one  men,  and  her  last  report  for  muster  when  we  stopped  to 
surrender  showed  three  hundred  and  eighty-one  men  present  and  accounted  for  on 
the  roll,  which  was  a  good  showing  for  three  and  a  half  years  hard  service,  and 
the  many  difficulties  the  regiment  had  to  encounter  and  the  many  hard-fought 
battles  the  regiment  had  been  engaged  in.  After  receiving  our  paroles  on  the 
11th  of  May,  we  started  in  a  body  for  Tennessee,  and  marched  unmolested  until 
we  reached  our  native  State  of  Tennessee,  where  we  camped  on  the  Connesauga 
River,  in  Polk  county,  and  intended  crossing  the  Tennessee  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Iliawassee;  but  a  squad  of  soldiers  was  sent  out  from  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  to  meet  us 
and  bring  us  by  that  place,  where,  as  soon  as  we  marched  into  town,  a  guard  was 
placed  around  us  by  the  Provost-marshal  and  a  rigid  search  made  of  the  person 
of  every  soldier  for  a  pistol,  cartridge,  United  States  belt  or  buckle,  or  any  thing 
bearing  LT.  S.  While  this  search  was  going  on  several  loyalists  were  putting  up 
false  claims  for  horses,  cattle,  and  all  kinds  of  property;  and  one  Simeon  E.  Brow- 
der  sued  several  officers  of  the  Eighth  for  ten  thousand  dollars  damages  for  eanqv- 
ing  on  him  the  previous  night,  and  for  all  his  losses  during  the  war.  We  had  be- 
gun to  think  we  had  fallen  among  a  den  of  thieves,  until  Col.  Smith,  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth  Illinois — a  nice  gentleman,  and  no  doubt  a  gallant  offi- 
cer, who  had  just  assumed  command  of  the  post — came  to  our  rescue  and  checked 
the  Provost-marshal  in  his  mad  career,  and  stopped  the  annoyance  of  the  citizens. 
We  were  verv  thankful  to  Col.  Smith  for  his  kindlv  interference  and  for  informa- 


GTS 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


tion  in  regard  to  orders  and  rules  adopted  by  the  little  red-tape  Provost-marshals 
and  brave  men  in  the  rear. 

Leaving  Cleveland  late  in  the  evening,  we  marched  through  rain  and  m ■;•■  to 
Chattanooga  next  day,  and  reported  in  person  first  to  Lieut.  Sargent,  Provost- 
marshal,  who  informed  us  his  instructions  were  to  dismount  all  the  private  s<  1- 
diers.  We  then  reported  in  person  to  Gen.  Judah,  commanding  the  post,  whom 
we  found  playing  a  game  of  whist  with  Judge  Rousseau,  of  Kentucky,  a  brother  of 
the  General.  Gen.  Judah  received  us  kindly,  but  declined  to  interfere.  We 
stated  to  Lieut.  Sargent  and  Gen.  Judah  that  all  of  our  horses  were  private  prop- 
erty, and  by  the  terms  of  Gen.  Johnston's  surrender  all  soldiers  were  allowed  to 
retain  their  horses;  and  that,  in  addition  to  this,  before  Ave  surrendered  to  Capt. 
Abrahams,  who  paroled  us,  we  had  telegraphed  from  Augusta,  Ga.,  to  Gen.  Wil- 
son, at  Macon,  and  he  had  instructed  Capt.  Abrahams  to  allow  us  to  keep  oar 
horses.  But  all  this  failed.  This  bigoted  Provost-marshal  (Lieut.  Sargent  in- 
sisted that  he  had  orders  from  Gen.  Thomas  to  take  the  horses — which  proved  t  • 
be  false,  as  he  had  no  such  orders— and  Gen.  Judah  was  too  much  engaged  in  his 
game  of  cards  to  give  us  any  attention;  hence  we  were  compelled  to  submit  to  see- 
ing the  horses  taken  from  all  the  private  soldiers,  which  was  downright  robbery. 
Lieut.  Sargent  was  told  that  if  we  had  our  arms  back  he  would  get  the  horses  and 
arms  together  after  we  were  overpowered,  and  not  before.  After  the  horses  were 
taken  we  marched  for  our  homes,  this  same  Provost-marshal  with  a  guard  taking 
his  stand  on  the  bridge  and  inspecting  every  parole.  We  were  greatly  humiliated 
at  the  bad  treatment  we  had  received  after  reaching  our  own  State,  both  at  Cleve- 
land and  Chattanooga.  As  soon  as  we  could  we  sent  an  application  to  Gen. 
Thomas,  at  Nashville,  to  have  the  horses  returned,  which  order  he  promptly 
granted,  and  we  sent  a  detachment  back  to  Chattanooga  for  the  horses.  The 
Quartermaster  in  charge  had  put  them  in  dry  lots,  without  food  or  water,  and  sev- 
eral had  died,  while  many  were  so  poor  they  could  scarcely  walk,  and  several  of 
the  best  were  seen  in  the  possession  of  L'nited  States  officers,  branded  ';  U.  S.,v  an  I 
they  of  course  refused  to  deliver  them  up.  So  the  Eighth  Tennessee  lost  one 
hundred  and  eight  horses,  thus  wrongfully  taken  from  our  destitute  soldiers,  who 
were  returning  to  their  desolated  homes  after  three  and  a  half  years  hard  service. 
The  gallant  boys  of  the  Eighth  bore  these  insults  and  indignities  like  heroes,  an  1 
struck  out  across  Cumberland  Mountain  and  Waldeti's  Ridge  for  their  homes  on 
foot.  Many  of  them  were  cheerful,  and  would  give  the  cavalry  commands  as 
they  tramped  overland.  As  they  neared  their  homes  they  were  met  by  anxious 
friends,  who  received  them  with  loads  of  provisions  and  many  congratulations  for 
their  safe  return. 

Fie  it  said  to  their  credit  that  nearly  every  soldier  of  the  Eighth  Tennessee 
Cavalry  Avho  served  to  the  close  of  the  war  has  made  a  good  and  prosperous  i  iti- 
zen.  They  suffered  immense  hardships,  were  driven  from  pillar  to  post  under 
many  regimental  commanders,  with  many  local  troubles  to  encounter;  but  when 
the  bugle  sounded  the  call  to  arms  they  never  faltered,  and  always  did  theirduty. 
They  were  always  loud  in  their  praises  of  the  treatment  received  at  the  hands  of 
citizeus  of  the  vicinity  when  camped  at  Rains's  lot,  who  gave  them  provisions, 
clothing,  blankets,  etc. 

When  the  regiment  was  mustered  at  Murfreesboro  by  Col.  Charles  Carroll  i; 
wsis  the  Eighth  Regiment  of  Tennessee  Cavalry,  and  it  bore  that  name  thereufier. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        0' 


Col.  Carroll  was  captured  before  sending  oft'  his  muster,  and   when   received  at 
Richmond  the  regiment  was  numbered  the  Thirteenth;  but  we  never  recognized 

that  number,  and  it  was  not  so  known  in  the  army. 

During  the  three  and  a  half  years  active  service  of  this  regiment  there  were 
many  actions  of  heroism,  bravery,  suflering,  and  hardships  endured  by  the  officers 
and  soldiers  which  probably  ought  to  be  mentioned;  but  the  writer  of  this  unfort- 
unately got  his  notes  and  diary  kept  during  the  war  misplaced,  and  has  been 
compelled  to  rely  principally  upon  memory,  and  has  labored  under  great  disad- 
vantages in  compiling  this  short  history  of  this  gallant  regiment.  Another  diffi- 
culty was  that  soon  after  the  regiment  was  organized  the  Colonel  was  placed  in 
command  of  a  brigade,  and  of  course  cannot  give  as  clear  a  historv  of  the  regi- 
ment as  if  he  had  been  in  immediate  command  of  it.  But  the  writer  feels  war- 
ranted in  saying  that  he  has  tried  to  give  a  fair  and  impartial  historv  of  the  reg- 
iment, without  intending  to  do  injustice  to  any  one,  or  to  give  undue  prominence 
to  any;  and  he  feels  assured  that  no  soldier  will  ever  be  ashamed  of  having  been 
a  member  of  the  Eighth  Regiment  Tennessee  Cavalry. 


Roster  of  the  Regiment. 

Field  ani>  Staff. 

Colonel,  George  G.  Dibrell.    Elected  Sept.  4,  1802.    Promoted  to  Brigadier-general  Julv  26, 
1864. 

Mounce  L.  Gore,  Captain  of  Co.  G,  was  promoted  to  Colonel  the  last  of  March,  LS65. 

Lieutenant-colonel,  Ferdinand  H.  Dougherty.    Elected  Sept.  4, 1S62.    Captured  at  home  in 
1864,  and  exchanged  the  last  of  March,  1865. 

Major,  Jeffrey  E.  Forrest.    Appointed  Nov.  12,  1SG2,  and  resigned  in  the  fall  of  1863,  having 
been  elected  Colonel  or'  an  Alabama  regiment. 

William  P.  Chapin,  First  Lieutenant  of  Co.  E,  was  promoted  to  Major  the  last  of  March,  1863. 
He.  had  been  on  brigade  Staff  duty  since  1SC3. 

Adjutant,  M.  D.  Smallman.     Appointed  Sept.  4, 1S6'2.    Captured  February,  1SG4,  and  held  uu- 
til  the  war  ended. 

William  H.  Simpson  was  acting  Adjutant  daring  Smallman's  absence. 

Quartermaster,  Capt.  Andrew  C.  Dale.    Appointed  Sept.  4,  1862.    Resigned  in  1863,  and  goin'-' 
into  ranks,  was  elected  Lieutenant. 

Jot)  M.  Morgan  was  assigned  as  Quartermaster  in  1863. 

Commissary,  Jasper  N.  Bailey.    Appointed  Oct.  8. 1SG3.    The  office  was  afterward  abolished, 
and  he  then  acted  on  the  brigade  staff  to  the  close  of  the  war. 

Assistant  Surgeon,  James  H.  Snodgrass.     Appointed  Oct.  8,  ]St'2.     Resigned  Dec.  1G,  1862. 

William  H.  M^Cord  was  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon  Dec.  1G,  1S62. 

Sergeant-major,  John  M.  Young. 

Ordnance  Officer,  Henry  Close. 

Company  A. 

Captain,  W.  W.  Windle.     Resigned  July  15,  1S63. 

First  Lieutenant.  T.  M.  Oakley.    Left  the  regiment  October,  1863. 

Second  Lieutenant,  B.  P.  Christian.     Returned  to  the  infantry  Nov.  1, 18G3. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.  L.  Windle.    Captured  and  held  prisoner. 

In  1SG4  this  company  was  consolidated  with  Capt.  George  W.Carter's  company  as  Co  A.    Car- 
ter was  killed  at  Saltville,  Va.,  Oct.  2,  1864. 

O.  I.  York,  First  Lieutenant,  was  promoted  to  Captain  after  Carters  death. 

The  company  then  stood:  Captain,  O.  I.York;  First  Lieutenant,  A.  L.  Windle;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, Wm.  North;  Second  Lieutenant,  Jo.  A.  Dibrell. 

Company  B. 
Captain,  Hamilton  McGinnis.     Badly  wounded  at  Mossy  Creek. 


680  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


First  Lieutenant,  T.  C.  Webb.    A.  C.  Dale  elected  to  succeed. 
Second  Lieutenant.  A.  G.  Parker. 
Second  Lieutenant,  L.  W.  Maynard. 

Company  C. 


Captain,  Isaac  G.  Woolsey      Wounded  at  Chickamauga,  and  resigned. 
First  Lieutenant,  William  C.  Wood.    Captured,  and  died  in  prison  June  25,  18G4. 
Second  Lieutenant,  J.  D.  Smith.     Left  in  Tennessee  August,  1863.    Did  not  return  Afterward. 
Second  Lieutenant,  A.  J.  Lacey.    Resigned  August  15,  1SG3. 

Second  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  Peudergrass.    Appointed  Sept.  1, 1864.  and  killed  at  Waynesboro. 
Ga.,  Dec.  4,  1864. 
Second  Lieutenant,  C.  J.  Davis.    Appointed  Sept.  1.  1804,  and  promoted  to  Captain. 
Second  Lieutenant,  A.  A.  Reagan.    Appointed  Sept.  1, 1804. 

Company  D. 
Captain,  Jefferson  Leftwieh. 

First  Lieutenant,  James  W.  Reavis.    Captured,  and  held  until  the  surrender. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Wm.  R.  Hill. 

Second  Lieutenant,  M.  C.  Lowry.    Resigned  in  1SG3,  and  made  sutler. 
Second  Lieutenant,  W.  L.  Dibrell.    Transferred  from  the  Twenty-fifth  Infantry. 

Company  E. 
Captain,  John  S.  Roberts.     Left  in  Tennessee  in  August,  1SG3,  and  Granville  H.  Swope  was 
appointed  Captain  Sept.  1.  1864. 

First  Lieutenant,  Wm.  P.  Chnpin.    Appointed  Inspector-general  on  the  brigade  staff,  arid 
Major  of  the  regiment  the  last  of  March,  1865. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Jesse  Allen.     Resigned  January,  1864. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Lloyd  W.  Chapin.     Transferred  to  Co.  G  May  10,  1864. 
J.  L.  Goodbar  was  appointed  Second  Lieutenant  Sept.  1,  1864. 
|  John  Riley  was  appointed  Second  Lieutenant  Sept.  1,  1S04. 

Company  F. 
I  Captain,  Joseph  H.  Rilbrey. 

First  LieutenaDt,  Jefferson  Bilbrey.     Wounded  Nov.  4,  1SG2,  and  resigned  September,  1S63. 
Second  Lieutenant,  J.  H.  Horner.    Captured. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Alfred  Barlow.    Resigned  May  15,  1863. 

John  H.  Webb  was  appointed  Second  Lieutenant  June  10, 1803,  and  killed  at  Saltville,  Va., 
Oct.  2,1864. 
Thomas  C.  "Webb  was  appointed  Second  Lieutenant  after  his  brother's  death. 

Company  G. 
Captain,  Mounce  L.  Gore.    Appointed  Colonel  March,  1S65. 
First  Lieutenant,  William  A.  Beck.    Captured. 
Second  Lieutenant,  W.  G.  Rose.    Left  in  Tennessee  August,  1863. 

Second  Lieutenant,  N.  C.  Bybee.    Resigned  July  15, 18G3,  and  L  W.  Chapin,  Second  Lieuten- 
ant Co.  E,  transferred  to  this  company. 

Company  H. 

■ 

Captain,  J.  M.  Barnes.     Detailed  as  Major  and  division  ordnance  officer. 

First  Lieutenant,  John  Hill. 

Second  Lieutenant,  Joseph  D.  Bartlett 

Second  Lieutenant,  John  S.  Rhea. 

Company  I. 
Captain,  James  W.  McReynolds. 

First  Lieutenant,  William  C.  Warren.    Sent  back  for  absentees,  and  never  returned. 
Second  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  Walker.     Raised  part  of  another  company  in  1864. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Simon  D.  Wallace. 

Company  K. 
Captain,  Bryan  M.  Swearingen.    Resigned  in  1864. 
First  Lieutenant,  Je.-se  B.  Beck.    Captured  Aug.  0,  18G3. 

Second  Lieutenant,  Elijah  W.Terry.    Commanded  the  company  the  last  eighteen  months. 
Second  Lieutenant,  William  Draper.     Left  the  regiment  Aug.  27,  1864. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        CS1 

Company  L. 
This  company  was  only  partially  organ i and,  and   reported  to   the   Eighth  Tennessee  at 
Sparta  July,  1863.     It  remained  with  the  regiment  until  Jan.  23,  1SG4. 
Captain,  James  M.  Barton. 
First  Lieutenant,  Mack  Shores. 
Second  Lieutenant.  - —  Moore. 
Second  Lieutenant, Maudleburne.    Killed  August,  18G3. 


Official."]  Eighth  Tennessee  Cavalry.* 

Colonel,  G.  G.  DibreH. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  \Y.  W.  Windle. 

Carter,  Capt.  G.  W,  k.  at  Saltville,  Va. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  Hamilton  McGhrais. 

Goggin,  \Vm.  H.,  k.  in  action  Sept.  4,  1S62,  his 

horse  being  k.  at  the  same  moment. 
Sill,  H.  J.,  k.  in  action  at  Saltville,  Va.,  Oct.  2, 
1864. 


Davis,  S.  B.,  d.  in  prifon,  April  2, 18G4. 
Smith,  \V.  R„  d.  at  Mount  Airy,  N.  C,  June  3, 
1864. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Isaac  G.  Woolsey. 
McDuffey,  E.  J.,d.  Aug.  31, 1862.  1  Pendergrass,  J.  W.,  k.  near  Waynesboro,  Ga., 

Wood,  Capt.  W.  C,  d.  in  prison  June  15, 1864.     J      Dec.  4,  18G4. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Jeft'erson  Leftwich. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  John  S.  Roberts. 

Bobbins,  George  W.,  k.  at  Saltvilie,  Oct.  2,  1S64, 

COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  Joseph  H.  Bilbrey. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  Mounoe  L.  Gore. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  Jame*  M.  Barnes. 

Hickman,  Anthony  L.,  d.  Nov.  9,  1864. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  J.  William  McReynolds. 

Sparkman,  M.  B.,  d.  July  19, 18G3.  I  Surham,  Richard,  k.  at  Saltville, Va.,  Oct.  2, 1864. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  B.  M.  Swearingen, 


Official] 


NINTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

(WARD'S.) 

Colonel,  James  D.  Bennett. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  M.  Grirnn. 

Buchanan,  Frank,  k.  inaction  at  Hartsville,  Dec.  7,  1802. 


»  The  oSk-ers  of  chis  regiment  are  tbe  same  as  those  of  Che  Thirteeuth. 


6S*2  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  W.  P.  Simmons. 

Simmons,  Capt.  W.  P.,  d.  Jan.  20,  18G3. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  John  T.  Kirkpatnck. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  Adolphus  B.  Cates. 

Wilson,  John  A.,  k.  at  Hammondsville,  Ky.,  Dec.  25,  1862. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  A.  E.  Bell. 

■  COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  Charles  E.  Cossitt. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  John  W.  Wiseman. 
j 

Note. — Other  company  rolls  of  this  regiment  are  not  on  file. 


From  ForresCs  Campaigns. 

NINTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY  (BIFFLE'S.) 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
J.  B.  Biffle,  Colonel;  A.  G.  Cooper,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Roderick  Perry,  Adjutant;  Hfnry 
Long,  Surgeon;  Wra.  JL  Irwin,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  W.  S.  Johnston,  Assistant  Commis- 
sary Subsistence. 

Company:  Officers. 

Co.  A:  J.  J.  BifTie;  Captain:  John  W.  Hill,  First  Lieutenant;  Gip  Wells,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  James  Reynolds,  Captain;  Littleton,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  C.  F.  Barnes,  Captain;  Thomas  Helmick,  First  Lieutenant;  P.  Brovrnlow,  Second 
Lieutenant. 

Co.  L>:  Lewis  M.  Kirk,  Captain;  May,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  E:  Gideon  S.  Adkisson,  Captain;  James  Leftwich,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  Pigg  and  Pap 
Nichols,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  F:  J.  W.Johnson,  Captain;  J.  P.  Montague,  First  Lieutenant;  B.  S.  Hardin  and  John 
Johnson,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  G:  John  S.  Groves,  Captain;  D.  B.  Cooper,  First  Lieutenant;  Robert  Harris  and  Jacob 
Armstrong,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  H:  Thomas  H.  Beatty,  Captain;  Dent  Pennington,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  Davis  and  Mai 
]X  Cooper,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  I:  Frank  Smith,  Captain;  B.  F.  Burkitt,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  K:  R.  L.  Ford,  Captain;  Thomas  Hargroves,  First  Lieutenant;  John  Hicks,  Second 
Lieutenant. 

Co.  L:  Robert  Sharp,  Captain;  Ed.  Cannon,  First  Lieutenant;  Robert  Clark,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 


TENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  John  Minor,  Clarksville,  Tenn. 

Ox  the  25th  day  of  August,  1862,  five  companies  rendezvoused  at  Waver!  v, 
Tenn.,  and  formed  a  battalion  with  T.  H.  Napier  Lieutenant-colonel.  The  battal- 
ion at  once  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  and  joined  Gen.  Forrest  at  Middl 
It  met  the  enemy  for  the  first  time  at  Parkers  Cross-roads  (or  Red  Mound),  :ir_  1 
in  a  charge  on  the  enemy,  concealed  behind  a  rail  fence,  lost  Col.  Napier  and 
Lieut.  Jack .  Nesbitt,  of  Co.  E— killed.  Capt.  Demoss,  being  the  senior,  to  -k  com- 
mand.    A  heavy  force  of  infantry  coming  up  on  Forrest's  rear,  he  was  compelled 


Regimental  Histories  and  BISmobial  Rules. 


to  quit  the  field  after  whipping  those  in  his  front.  Falling  buck,  we  crossed  the 
Tennessee  River  at  Clifton. 

After  a  few  days  rest,  the  command  was  ordered  on  a  scout  down  the  Cumber- 
land River  in  the  direction  of  Clarksville.  The  weather  turned  so  colif  that  it 
broke  up  the  expedition,  and  Gen.  Forrest  returned  to  Columbia,  leaving  Xapiers 
battalion  and  a  detachment  of  Wheeler's  command  under  Col.  Holman.  Near 
Betsy's  Town  this  command  captured  and  burned  one  transport  loaded  with  army 
supplies.  Gen.  Wheeler  appeared  on  the  scene  in  a  few  days  with  his  own  and 
the  remainder  of  Forrest's  command,  and  the  whole  force,  under  Gen.  Wheeler, 
moved  on  Fort  Donelson.  The  attack  was  made  about  3  o'clock  in  the  evening 
and  lasted  until  dark,  Gen.  Wheeler  withdrawing  after  night-fall.  Lieut.  Robin- 
son (Co.  A),  Lieut.  Flobbs  (Co.  0),  and  Capt.  Alexander  (Co.  E)  were  wounded. 
I  am  unable  to  give  the  names  of  others  who  fell  in  this  engagement.  Retracing 
our  steps,  the  command  repaired  to  Columbia,  where  it  was  consolidated  with  Cox's 
battalion,  forming  the  Tenth  Regiment  Tennessee  Cavalry,  with  the  following 
officers:  X.  X.  Cox,  Colonel;  T.  B.  Trezevant,  Lieutenant-colonel;  W.  E.  Demoss, 
Major;  PI  A.  Spotswood,  Adjutant;  D.  H.  White,  Quartermaster;  J.  X.  Riekman, 
Commissary;  Julius  Johnson,  Surgeon.  Co.  A,  W.  J.  Hall,  Captain;  Co.  B,  W. 
II.  Lewis,  Captain;  Co.  C,  W.  II.  Whitewell,  Captain;  Co.  D,  W.  J.  Robinson. 
Captain;  Co.  E,  John  Minor,  Captain;  Co.  F,  W.  W.  Hobbs,  Captain;  Co.  G,  T. 
S.  Easley,  Captain;  Co.  II,  B.  G.  Riekman,  Captain;  Co.  I,  Thos.  Fletcher,  Cap- 
tain; Co.  K,  Thos.  M.  Hutchinson,  Captain. 

The  regiment  was  immediately  thrown  across  Duck  River  to  meet  the  enemy 
advancing  from  Franklin.  At  Thompson's  Station  we  had  a  sharp  fight,  captur- 
ing most  of  the  enemy,  and  chasing  the  remainder  into  Franklin.  Lieut.-ci<l 
Trezevant  fell  mortally  wounded  here,  and  died  a  few  days  after.  The  command 
again  passed  into  Maj.  Demoss's  hands.  The  regiment  went  through  a  series  of 
scouts  and  skirmishes,  including  the  dash  on  Brentwood,  in  which  Lieut.  Andrew 
KesMtt  was  killed  while  gallantly  leading  his  company  (E).  In  withdrawing 
with  the  prisoners  captured  at  Brentwood  the  Tenth  was  thrown  *ut  as  rear-guard, 
and  had  a  sharp  fight  with  Stoneman's  command. 

About  the  1st  of  April  the  regiment  ^as  ordered  to  North  Alabama  and  put 
under  command  of  Col.  Jeff.  Forrest.  W.  E.  L>emoss  was  made  Lieutenant-col- 
onel and  John  Minor  Major.  The  regiment  was  gone  on  the  trip  two  months, 
doing  some  hard  marching  and  scouting.  Gen.  Forrest  captured  the  notorious 
Sireight  expedition  on  this  trip.  Col.  Dibrell  was  left  witli  his  own  and  the  Tenth 
regiment  to  make  demonstrations  against  Corinth  while  Gen.  Forrest  was  follow- 
ing Streight. 

Returning  to  Middle  Tennessee,  Col.  Cox,  in  the  meantime  having  been  ex- 
changed, took  command  of  the  regiment.  We  commenced  moving  to  threaten 
and  harass  the  right  of  Rosccrans's  army,  then  advancing  on  Gen.  Bragg,  at  Tulla- 
homa.  Our  regiment  reached  Tullahoma,  after  several  days  of  hard  marching, 
in  bad  condition— broken  down  and  foot-sore  horses  and  hungry  men.  The  com- 
mand  was  placed  on  picket  on  the  Manchester  pike,  where  it  picketed  and  skir- 
mished for  some  time.  Col.  Starnes,  our  brigade  commander,  was  killed  here 
while  riding  along  the  picket  line — a  noble,  brave  soldier,  and  very  popular  with 
his  command.  The  Tenth  was  ordered  to  blockade  the  road  up  the  mountain  on 
Gen.   Bragg  s  left  flank,   which  it  did,  aud  retired  to  the  rear  of  the  retreating 


684 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


army  and  brought  up  the  roar-guard,  the  men  living  on  Irish  potatoes  and  the 
horses  on  mountain  grass.  The  command  had  several  weeks'  rest  alter  crossing 
the  Tennessee  River  and  reaching  Chattanooga. 

On  the  18th  of  September  cavalry  skirmishing  commenced  near  Lee  and  Gor- 
don's mill,  and  in  a  short  time  the  great  battle  of  Chickamauga  was  opened.  We 
were  kept  on  the  right  flank  of  the  army,  picketing  and  skirmishing  until  the 
enemy  were  routed,  when  we  were  thrown  in  front  and  pushed  close  after  his  re- 
tiring columns  to  Lookout  Mountain,  where  the  regiment  advanced  close  to  a 
masked  battery,  losing  two  men  killed  with  one  shot  from  a  cannon.  These  men 
were  brothers  named  Cooke,  and  were  from  Montgomery  county.  No  better  sol- 
diers ever  fell.  The  regiment  was  left  here  on  picket  one  night,  when  it  was  re- 
leased by  infantry,  and  advanced  up  the  East  Tennessee  Valley  toward  Cleveland. 
"We  were  here  transferred  from  Forrest's  to  Wheeler's  command,  and  moved  on 
Philadelphia,  Tenn.,  capturing  all  the  enemy's  artillery- wagons,  camp  equipage, 
and  about  five  hundred  prisoners.  The  Tenth  charged  into  the  town,  capturing 
most  of  the  prisoners. 

After  a  short  rest,  we  were  thrown  across  the  Little  Tennessee  River,  and  moved 
on  Maryville,  capturing  some  prisoners  and  driving  the  enemy  before  us  to  within 
three  miles  of  Knoxville,  which  was  invested  by  Gen.  Longstreet's  command. 
The  cavalry  was  kept  in  line  of  battle  for  a  week,  suffering  very  much  from  cold. 
Our  regiment,  together  with  the  whole  cavalry,  was  thrown  out  toward  Cumber- 
land Gap  to  meet  a  force  moving  on  Longstreet's  rear.  We  met  the  enemy  and 
drove  him  back  to  Lone  Gap,  where  we  had  a  sharp  fight.  Col.  Dibrell  was 
wounded,  and  his  Adjutant,  Capt.  Dickson  Allison,  was  killed.  Gen.  Longstreet 
raised  the  siege,  and  our  command  was  kept  in  his  rear  in  withdrawing  his  infan- 
try, constantly  picketing  and  skirmishing.  At  Mossy  Creek  the  command  had  a 
sharp  fight,  losing  Lieuts.  McCauley  and  Summers — killed. 

After  spending  the  long  winter  days  picketing  and  fighting  in  the  mountains  of 
East  Tennessee  (on  the  23d  of  February  the  snow  was  eleven  and  a  half  inches 
deep),  about  the  2Sth  of  March  the  command  turned  their  backs  on  East  Tennes- 
see, and,  marching  through  North  and  South  Carolina  and  Georgia,  joined  Gen. 
Johnston's  army  at  Dalton,  where  we  did  picket  and  scout  duty  until  the  army 
commenced  falling  back. 

DibrelVs  brigade  did  constant  duty  in  Johnston's  rear,  picketing  and  skirmish- 
ing with  the  enemy  as  it  fell  back  toward  Resaca.  Lieut.-eol.  Demoss  was  capt- 
ured in  a  night  attack  on  our  rear.  At  Resaca  the  regiment  was  on  the  extreme 
right  of  the  army,  moving  with  the  infantry  to  make  an  attack.  It  suddenly 
came  upon  a  battery,  which  threw  the  regiment  into  some  confusion.  Private 
Ship  was  killed.  Tire  regiment  was  soon  rallied,  but  the  infantry  did  not  ad- 
vance farther,  and  the  cavalry  was  recalled.  Kept  constantly  on  duty  while  the 
army  was  at  Resaca.  Helped  to  cover  the  retreat  toward  Atlanta.  Three  men 
killed  in  the  skirmishes  of  the  last  few  days  (sorry  I  cannot  give  names).  At 
New  Hope  Church  the  regiment  was  kept  in  the  ditches  in  line  of  battle  day  and 
night  for  some  time. 

In  crossing  the  Chattahooche  River  the  regiment  had  a  sharp  fight  in  bringing 
up  the  rear.     We  fought  from  behind  rail  fortifications,  losing  but  few  men.     We 
crossed  on  a  pontoon  bridge,  cutting  it  loose  as  the  last  man  crossed. 
Lieut.  Townsend  was  killed  in  withdrawing  across  Peach-tree  Cree';. 


ItEGLMENTAL  HlJSTOlilES  and  Memorial  Bolls.         6S-J 


Gen.  "Wheeler  made  a  raid  on  Sherman's  rear,  tapping  the  railroad  at  Cassville, 

capturing  two  hundred  wagons,  one  hundred  prisoners,  and  quantities  of  sutlers' 
stores,  etc.  The  Tenth  did  its  part  in  this  raid,  and  came  out  somewhat  refreshed 
by  getting  some  good  coffee  and  oysters.  At  night,  while  we  were  withdrawing, 
the  regiment  was  caught  in  a  thunder-storm.  It  was  very  dark — in  fact,  you 
could  not  see  your  hand  before  you.  The  horses  became  frightened,  and  some  of 
them  refused  to  move  and  began  to  neigh,  the  men  calling  out,  ''Where  is  the 
column?"  "Where  is  the  road?"  When  we  could  go  no  farther  we  bivouacked 
on  the  road-side.  We  returned  safely  next  day  to  the  army,  and  lay  in  the  ditchts 
several  days  to  the  right  of  the  infantry. 

After  the  army  readied  Atlanta,  the  Tenth,,  with  Wheeler's  command,  was  or- 
dered to  the  rear  of  Sherman.  Moving  promptly,  we  struck  the  railroad  at  Pal- 
ton,  capturing  a  stockade  with  fifty  prisoners,  several  mules,  wagons,  etc.,  and  de- 
stroying miles  of  railroad.  "We  left  Chattanooga  to  our  left,  and  going  up  the 
East  Tennessee  Valley,  passed  Athens,  Philadelphia,  Loudon,  Louisville.  Mary- 
ville,  and  Knoxville,  marching  day  and  night,  crossing  Cumberland  Mountains. 
After  crossing  the  mountains  we  moved  in  the  direction  of  Murfreesboro,  passing 
around  Murfreesboro,  striking  the  railroad  at  Smyrna,  burning  some  cars  and  sup- 
plying the  men  with  rations  from  captured  sutlers'  stores.  Moving  on  toward 
Nashville,  after  tearing  up  miles  of  railroad,  we  turned  across  the  country  toward 
Franklin.  At  Thompson's  Station  we  had  a  sharp  right.  While  the  command  was 
engaged  in  tearing  up  the  railroad  the  enemy  drove  in  our  pickets.  Gen.  Kelly 
moved  at  once  to  meet  him,  and  while  both  commands  were  making  for  a  gap  in 
a  high  range  of  hills  the  enemy  drove  our  pickets  through  the  gap  and  beat  us  to 
it.  Gen.  Kelly  and  the  head  of  his  column  were  close  to  this  gap  when  he  was 
opened  upon,  causing  considerable  confusion.  Gen.  Kelly  was  killed  here  while 
rallying  the  command.  The  writer  was  near  him  when  he  fell.  Dismounting,  I 
helped  him  up,  but  found  he  could  not  walk,  and  ordered  a  man  to  dismount  an  1 
help  bear  him  from  the  held.  As  I  dismounted  my  horse  was  killed.  The  com- 
mand was  rallied,  and  two  pieces  of  artillery  put  in  position,  which  checked  the 
advance.  Moving  on  back  in  the  direction  of  Columbia,  the  command  continued 
to  burn  and  destroy  the  railroad. 

Near  Mount  Pleasant  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  regiments  were  turned  loose,  with 
orders  for  all  the  men  who  could  to  go  to  their  homes  and  recruit  and  report  for 
duty  as  soon  as  possible.  After  a  few  days  the  men  crossed  the  Tennessee  River 
and  met  at  or  near  Milan.  Moved  through  West  Tennessee,  and  reported  to  Gen. 
Forrest  at  Corinth,  who  ordered  us  to  report  to  the  commanding  officer  at  Aber- 
deen, Miss.  Passing  on  through  Mississippi  and  Alabama,  we  joined  Gen.  Hood  .-> 
army  at  Florence.  Crossing  the  Tennessee  River  at  Florence,  we  moved  with  the 
army  into  Middle  Tennessee.  Reaching  Columbia,  we  were  ordered  around  that 
place,  and  crossing  Duck  River  by  swimming  the  horses,  we  were  thrown  on  the 
left  flank  and  in  the  rear  of  the  Federal  army,  then  near  Columbia.  The  next 
night  the  Federal  army  passed  us  on  the  pike,  moving  toward  Franklin.  We  did 
not  attack  them.  Why  we  did  not  is  not  known.  We  were  kept  close  on  the 
Federal  rear,  and  took  part  in  the  light  at  Franklin,  Wing  six  men.  Private  Kit 
Northington  is  the  only  name  I  can  recollect.  The  enemy  evacuating  Franklin, 
we  followed  up  his  rear  to  within  a  few  miles  oi  Nashville,  where  we  stood  picket 
and  skirmished  several  daws. 


r, 

686  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

■ _ 

After  the  army  had  been  investing  Nashville  for  some  time,  about  the  l'Jth  of 
December  the  writer  was  ordered  to  take  a  portion  of  his  command  to  Dickson, 
Humphreys,  and  Montgomery  counties,  and  recruit  all  he  could  and  to  collect  the 
army  .supplies  the  Federal  army  had  left  at  Johnsonville,  and  carry  them  to  the 
armv  near  Nashville.  Before  these  orders  could  be  executed  Gen.  Hood  was 
driven  back,  and  this  portion  of  the  Tenth  Regiment  had  to  cross  the  Tennessee 
River  at  the  mouth  of  Duck  Kiver,  and  reported  to  Gen.  Forrest  at  Corinth.  A 
part  of  the  regiment,  under  Capt.  Easier,  was  left  with  the  army,  and  took  part  in 
that  memorable  retreat  from  Nashville  across  the  Tennessee  Kiver  at  Florence. 

Gen.  Forrest  ordered  the  regiment  to  report  to  lien.  Chalmers,  at  Rienzi,  Miss. 

The  Tenth  and  Eleventh  regiments  were  consolidated,  D.  W.  Holman  Colo- 
nel commanding.  After  a  lone  series  of  picketing  and  scouting  duty  we  were  put 
in  motion  to  intercept  Gen.  Wilsons  command,  then  moving  on  Selma.  High 
water  and  destruction  of  bridges  prevented  our  command  (Jackson's  division  | 
reaching  the  scene  of  "the  principal  conflict,  so  Gen.  Forrest  thus  lost  the  servicer 
of  the  grand  old  division. 

Selma  fell,  and  the  rest  is  soon  told.  In  a  short  time  we  were  surrendered  at 
Gainesville,  Ala.  Old  battle-scarred  soldiers  saw  the  flag  that  they  had  so  long 
fought  for  go  down — down  in  the  smoke  of  defeat,  but  not  of  disgrace. 

List  of  Killed. 
Lieut.-col.  T.  A.  Napier,  at  Parker's  Cross-roads,  December  31, 1SG2;  Lieut.-ewl. 
E.  B.  Trezevant,  at  Thompson's  Station;  Lieut.  Andrew  Nesbitt  (Co.  E),  at  Park- 
er's Cross-roads,  December  31,  1S62;  Lieut.  Jack  Nesbitt  (Co.  E),  at  Brentwood; 
Lieut.  W.  G.  McCauley  (Co.  G),  at  Seviersville,  East  Tennessee;  Lieut.  B.  E.  Sum- 
mers (Co.  I),  at  Cannon's  Ford,  East  Tennessee;  Lieut.  J.  W.  Townsend  (Co.  A ', 
near  Atlanta,  Ga.,  July  15,  1864;  Lieut.  J.  Utley  (Co.  K),  drowned  while  cr.>- 
ing  Holston  Kiver;  Lieut.  \V.  A.  Cude  (Co.  H),  at  Cassville,  Ga.,  May  19,  1So4; 
Capt.  Thomas  Fletcher  (Co.  K),  died  from  sickness,  July,  1863;  private  Kit 
Northington  (Co,  D),  at  Franklin,  November  30,  1864;  private  Thomas  Cooke 

(Co.  E).  at  Lookout  Mountain;  private Cooke  (Co.  E),  at  Lookout  Mountain: 

private Ship  (Co.  G),  at  Resaca;  private  Ellis  (Co.  E),  died  in  hos- 
pital, 1S63. 

Tenth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

By  N.  N.  Cox,  Franklin,  Tenn. 

Shortly  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh  the  time  for  which  many  of  the  Tennessee 
soldiers  had  enlisted  expired,  and  they  were  appealed  to  to  enlist  again.  This 
they  did,  and  the  battalions  of  Tennessee  cavalry  were  mostly  organized  into 
regiments  by  the  consolidation  of  the  dirferent  small  commands.  Each  battalion 
under  the  rirst  organization  having  generally  two  field  officers — Lieutenant-colonel 
and  Major — produced  a  surplus  of  old  officers,  and  many  of  them  were  authorized 
to  enlist  new  commands.  Lieut.-col.  Bitfle  and  Maj.  N.  N.  Cox,  of  the  second  ol  I 
battalion  of  cavalry,  being  in  the  number  authorized  to  organize  new  com  man  is, 
each  proceeded  to  his  work  in  different  portions  of  the  State  as  soon  as  it  was  : .  ~ 
sii  le.  From  the  comities  of  Hickman,  Perry,  and  others,  Major  Cox  organized  a 
battalion  of  cavalry,  and  was  for  some  time  assigned  to  duty  to  observe  and  watch 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


GS7 


the  Tennessee  River  between  the  month  of  Duck  River  and  Savannah,  stop  all 
transportation  of  the  enemy,  and  especially  to  prevent  the  cotton  being  shipped 
down  the  river;  also  to  cross  the  river  where  practieable  and  indict  what  damage 
he  could  on  the  enemy  then  occupying  West  Tennessee. 

"While  in  this  service  quite  a  number  of  skirmishes  and  fights  were  had  with 
the  P'ederals,  the  most  important  of  which  was  the  capture  of  an  entire  Illinois 
company  posted  at  Henderson  Station,  on  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad,  and 
the  destruction  of  a  large  amount  of  army  stores  at  that  place.  About  the  same 
time  this  service  was  being  performed  Alonzo  Napier  organized  another  battalion 
lower  down  the  river,  from  the  counties  of  Humphreys,  Dixon,  and  others.  Much 
valuable  service  was  done  by  this  command,  and  one  of  the  most  remarkable  feats 
was  performed  by  this  gallant  officer  at  the  mouth  of  Duck  River.  At  its  mouth 
Duck  River  throws  out  quite  a  bar,  which  very  much  obstructs  navigation  when 
the  water  is  low.  Three  transports  of  the  Federals  became  impeded  at  this  point, 
and  Col.  Xapier  not  only  performed  the  act  of  charging  with  cavalry  the  boots 
in  the  river,  but  captured  them;  and  from  them,  besides  all  a  soldier  wants,  he  got 
two  small  pieces  of  artillery.  These  he  afterward  used  in  the  destruction  of  steam- 
boats and  unprotected  crafts  attempting  to  reach  the  cotton  up  the  river. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  in  the  latter  part  of  1862  Gen.  Grant  was  trying  to 
reach  Vieksburg  through  by  Oxford  and  what  was  then  called  the  land  route. 
Tlie  great  raid  in  his  rear  was  organized — Gen.  Van  Dorn  to  operate  on  the  line 
of  the  Mississippi  Central  between  the  forces  of  the  Federals  and  Jackson,  West 
Tenn.;  Gen.  Forrest  to  operate  north  of  Jackson  and  in  the  direction  of  Colum- 
bus. Gen.  Forrest  started  from  near  Columbia,  Tenn.,  with  the  Fourth  Tennes>ee 
Cavalry,  commanded  by  Col.  Starnes;  the  Eighth  Regiment,  commanded  by  Col. 
I)ibrell;  the  Ninth,  commanded  by  Col.  Riffle;  the  Fourth  Alabama,  commanded 
by  Col.  Russell;  Freeman's  battery,  under  Capt.  Morton;  a  small  squadron,  under 
Capt.  Gurley;  and  a  company  under  Capt.  William  Forrest.  Prior  to  his  leaving 
Columbia  orders  had  been  sent  to  Major  Cox  to  make  arrangements  to  cross  the 
river  and  select  the  easiest  place  for  crossing,  keeping  every  thing  as  private  as 
possible.  Col.  Kapler  was  ordered  to  join  the  command.  The  place  of  crossing 
was  at  and  just  below  Clifton,  in  AVayne  county.  Gen.  Forrest  himself  crossed 
at  Clifton.  A  portion  of  the  command  swam  the  river  just  below  at  a  place  where 
it  is  divided  by  two  islands,  called  Double  Islands. 

On  the  night  of  the  15th  of  December,  1S62,  the  command  had  crossed,  and 
camped  about  ten  miles  west  of  the  river,  in  the  direction  of  Lexington.  The 
first  contest  was  at  Lexington,  in  which  the  entire  Federal  force  was  captured. 
These  troops  were  commanded  by  the  now  notorious  Bob  In^ersoll.  The  march 
was  ordered  in  the  direction  of  Jackson,  and  when  near  that  place  Mai.  Cox,  with 
his  battalion,  was  ordered  to  strike  the  railroad  south  of  Jackson  and  destroy  it 
as  best  he  could.  This  battalion  worked  all  that  night,  and  rejoined  the  eon  • 
mand  at  Spring  Creek.  The  other  regiments  were  all  busy  on  the  road  north  of 
Jackson.  It  was  just  at  this  time  an  incident  occurred  at  Trenton,  the  true  ac- 
count of  which  the  writer  has  never  seen  published.  Major  Cox  was  ordered  to 
Trenton  to  destroy  any  trestles  or  bridges  he  could  on  the  railroad,  and  started  in 
that  direction.  When  witiiin  some  three  miles  of  the  place  information  was  ob- 
tained that  there  was  a  force  of  near  eight  hundred  at  the  depot,  and  that  they 
were  behind  cotton-bales  laid  on  the  platform  which  surrounded  the  depot  br.iid- 


688  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ing.  A  courier  was  sent  to  the  General  with  this  information.  Major  Cox  h  i  i 
about  two  hundred  men.  On  receiving  the  news,  Gen.  Forrest  rode  up  to  the 
front  of  Cox's  command,  and  Capt.  William  Forrest,  with  his  company,  fell  i:: 
its  rear.  The  writer  of  this  was  riding  by  his  side.  He  made  no  inquiry  «.•:*  any 
importance  about  the  information,  bat  ordered  the  command  forward.  By  the 
time  they  readied  the  outskirts  of  Trenton  the  command  was  in  full  gallop.  The 
ladies  of  Trenton,  by  waving  their  handkerchiefs,  gave  the  direction  of  the  depot. 
Down  the  street  they  went  until  the  depot  was  in  plain  view,  with  the  guns 
the  Federals  pointing  over  the  bales  of  cotton.  A  company,  or  part  of  a  com- 
pany, were  on  the  top  of  a  flat-roofed  house,  and  poured  a  heavy  rire  into  the  ,  L- 
umn.  The  charge  was  made  almost  up  to  the  cotton-bales,  but  the  Federals  dred 
volley  after  volley  over  the  heads  of  the  Confederates  with  but  little  injury.  This 
charge  was  made  with  Cox's  battalion  and  the  General's  escort.  When  near  the 
cotton-bales,  the  order  was  given  to  fall  back  in  rear  of  some  buildings.  This  be- 
ing done,  Major  Cox  was  ordered  to  get  command  of  a  road  running  west  so  -  -  I 
prevent  an  escape.  He  had  hardly  got  in  position  before  a  piece  of  Forres:  >  ar- 
tillery opened  on  the  enemy.  This  piece  was  at  the  time  under  the  immediate 
command  of  Lieut.  Ed.  Douglass.  The  first  shot  struck  the  corral  where  their 
horses  were  confined.  The  next  struck  the  depot  building.  The  white  nag  :"  .- 
lowed.  Col.  Fry  was  the  Federal  officer  in  command,  and  with  him  was  CoL  Ike 
Hawkins  and  near  eight  hundred  men. 

It  would  be  occupying  too  much  space  to  undertake  to  give  any  thing  like  a  ie- 

tailed  account  of  fights  and  skirmishes,  destruction  of  the  railroad  almos:  r. 

.  .       .     . 

lumbus,  Ky.,  and  many  interesting  incidents  of  that  campaign.    If  ever  ther-r  *  _s 

a  perfect  performance  of  duty  in  a  command  by  men  and  officers  it  was  in  ~.    i- 

trying  raid.    Suffice  it  to  say  that,  after  all  had  been  done  that  could  be  done.  •  -r~. 

r  Forrest  headed  his  command  for  the  Tennessee  River,  where  the  unfortunate  be  > 

tie  of  Parkers  Cross-roads  occurred.     In  that  light  Col.  Napier  was  killed.   _^i 
Adjutant-general  J.  P.  Strange,  Maj.  Cox,  and  other  officers,  were  capture! 
gether  with  about  three  hundred  men. 

After  Gen.  Forrest  crossed  back  into  Middle  Tennessee  Xapiers  and  Cor  s  fcai- 
talions  were  consolidated,  and  formed  the  Tenth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  with  tire  f;~- 
lowing  officers:  X.  N.  Cox,  Colonel;  E.  B.  Trezevant,  Lieutenant-colonel:  VT.  E. 
Demoss,   Major;   J.  D.    Easley,   Adjutant;    D.  H.  White,  Quartermaster:  J.  >\ 

Eickman,  Commissary;  Julius  Johnson,  Surgeon;  Hall,  Assistant  S..r_—  s. 

After  these  battalions  were  consolidated  and  the  regiment  organized  as  ±j:~-z 
stated,  it  was  in  active  service  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

I  The  regiment  was  engaged  in  the  following  important  fights:  Thompsons  5sat- 

tion,  in  which  combat  Lieut.-col.  Trezevant  was  killed,  Maj.  Demoss  being  s 
promoted  to  Lieutenant-colonel  and  Capt.  Minor  to  the  position  of  Major;  I '--.-  :  :- 
wood;  'Straight's  raid;  a  number  of  skirmishes  as  the  army  fell   back  to 
tanooga;  the  battle  of  Chiekamauga;  the  fight  at  Philadelphia,  in  East  Tennesaa: 
the  fight  at   Knoxville;  the  fights  at  Franklin,  Nashville,  and  all  the  prir; 
engagements  which  belonged  to  that  army.    It  finally  surrendered  at  Gaines*  .      - 
Ala.,  on  the  —  day  of  May,  1865,  under  command  of  Gen.  Di'orell.     It  is  ir.-r-' 
impossible  to  give  a  list  of  the  killed. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


G89 


From  Gen.  Joseph  "Wheeler. 

The  Tenth  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  organized  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  Feb.  25,  1363. 

List  of  officers  killed  or  died  of  exposure  or  wounds,  wounded  in  battle,  promoted,  trans- 


ferred, resigned,  etc.,  during  the  war: 


Cox,  N.  N..  resigned  Oct.  1,  1863. 
Demoss,  William  E. 


Colonels. 

i  Napier,  T.  A.,  k.  at  Parker's  Cross-roads,  Dec. 

29,  1862. 


Lieutenant-colonels. 
Trezevant,  E.  B.,  k.  in  battle  March  5, 1SS3.       i  Demoss,  William  E.,  promoted. 

Majors. 
Derao;j,  William  E.,  promoted.  !  Minor,  John,  w.  Aug.  28,  1S<M. 


Spots  wood,  E.  A.,  transferred. 

Hale,  W.  J. 
Lewis*  W.  H. 

Whitewell,  W.  H.,  w.  in  battle. 
Robinson,  W.  J.,  w.  in  battle. 
Minor.  John,  promoted. 
Hobbs,  W.  W.,  w.  in  battle. 


Pace,  John,  resigned. 

Fisner,  William. 

Craig,  A.  D.,  resigned. 

Edas,  W.  P. 

Nesbict,  Andrew,  k.  in  battle. 

Box,  W.  M.,  w.  at  Franklin,  Sept.,  1362 

Coode,  W.  H.,  k.  in  battle. 


Adj  utants. 

I  Easley,  James  D. 

Captains. 

Easley,  Thomas  S. 
Rickman,  B.  G. 

Fletcher,  Thomas,  d.  July,  1S63. 
Hutchison,  Thomas  M. 
Aden,  Clinton. 

FiasT  Lieutenants. 

Aden,  Clinton,  promoted. 

Utley,  J.,  drowned  crossing    the  Tennessee 

River. 
Williams,  Jas.  B. 
Chapman,  W.  O. 

MeCauley,  J.  A.,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Blanch  Sill, 
Jan.  27,  1S64. 


Second  Lieutenants 


Lonsend,  J.  W.,  k.  in  battle. 

Randall,  J.  M. 

Whitewell,  Thomas. 

Horner,  John. 

Lewis,  Thomas  F. 

Phipps,  W.  S. 

Wragg,  W.  A. 

Williams,  James  B. 

Nesbitt,  James,  k.  at  Parker's  Cross-roads. 

Hobbs,  Jesse  Tn  w.twice. 


Summers,  Chas.  E. 

Hall,  J.  M. 

Frazier,  W.  J. 

Sheppard,  E.  H. 

Land,  J.  D. 

Summers,  B.  E.,  k.  in  battle. 

Dotson, ,  w. 

Chapman,  W.  O.,  promoted. 
Penick,  J.  O. 


Official.'] 


Tenth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 
Colonel,  N.  N.  Cox. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  S.  D.  H.  Whitfield. 

Whitfield,  G.  M.,  d.  May  5,  1*63. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  W.  H.  Lewis. 

Lewis,  Robert  L.,  d.  June  12,  1S6.-:,  in  Perry  county,  Tenn. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  W.  H.  Whitewell. 
Lain,  W.  W.,  d.  March  12,  1863.  |  Good  in,  Jesse,  d.  March  2,  18G3. 

BnrhAm.  Thomas  N.,  d.  March  20,  1S63.  j  Morrison.  David,  d.  March  27,  1863. 

44 


690 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Collom,  K.  F.,  k.  April  25,  1863. 
Hunt,  T.,  d.  June,  1S63. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain.  W.J.  Robinson. 

j  Parker,  G.t  k.  at  Fort  Donel&on,  Feb.  3,  li 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  John  Minor. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  W.  W.  Hobbs. 

COMPANY'  G. 

Captain,  T.  S.  Easley. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  B.  G.  Pickman. 
Campbell,  Simeon,  d.  in  hospital  at  Athens,  Aug.  4,  1S63. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  T.  L.  Fletcher. 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  T.  M.  Hutchison. 

Cates,  M.  L.,  k.  June  20,  1863. 


ELEVENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY.' 

By   Daniel  Wilson'  Holman,  Favetteville,  T&n*. 


Pursuant  to  orders  issued  by  Gen.  X.  B.  Forrest,  at  Colambin,  Tenm,  Febru- 
ary 20,  1S63,  the  Eleventh  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  formed  by  the  consolidation  of 
Douglass's  and  Holman's  battalions  of  "partisan  rangers,"  and  the  addition  of  the 
companies  of  Capt.  Charles  McDonald  and  Capt.  Phil.  T.  Allyn — in  all  eleven  com- 
panies. Both  battalions  were  earnestly  opposed  to  the  consolidation.  Having 
been  enlisted  as  partisan  rangers  by  authority  of  the  "War  Department,  they  desired 
to  remain  such.  At  the  same  time  Gen.  Forrest  appointed  his  friend,  Capt.  James 
M.  Edraondson,  who  had  been  a  Captain  of  the  infantry,  to  command  the  regiment. 
The  entire  held  and  staff  were  the  appointment  of  Gen.  Forrest.  Much  dissatis- 
faction arose  among  the  officers  and  men.  They  believed  they  ought  to  be  allowed 
a  voice  in  the  selection  of  their  field  officers.  They  regarded  the  arbitrary  dispo- 
sition made  of  them  as  a  flagrant  violation  of  their  rights.  They  protested,  be- 
lieving that  an  investigation  by  the  higher  military  authorities  would  vindicate 
their  course.  This  action  was  regarded  by  Gen.  Forrest  as  mutinous,  for  which 
he  placed  a  number  of  the  officers  under  arrest,  ordering  them  into  close  connue- 
ment  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  where  they  remained  several  weeks,  when  Col.  Holman 
procured  their  release  from  close  confinement  by  an  order  from  Gen.  Earl  Van 
Dora,  commanding  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn.  3€aj.  D.  C.  Douglass,  who  had  been 
captured  at  Middleton,  Tenn.,  on  the  31st  of  January,  1363,  was  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Maj.  D.  "W.  Holman,  who  on  the  3d  of  February,  1S63,  had  been  seriously 
wounded  in  the  fight  at  Dover,  Tenn.,  was  reported  by  the  army  surgeons  as  per- 
haps mortally  wounded;  so  that  Gen.  Forrest  no  doubt  intended  by  his  course  to 

*  This  regiment  was  formed  by  the  consolidation  of  Douglass's  and  Holman's  battalions. 
See  histories  of  these  battalions  at  the  en'J  of  this  article. 


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Regimental  Hlstouies  and  Memprial  Bolls.        691 

give  the  regiment  an  immediate  efficiency,  not  supposing  that  there  would  arise 
the  fierce  and  determined  opposition  which  it  met  from  the  command.  No 
charges  were  ever  preferred  against  the  arrested  officers,  and  they  were  released 
from  arrest.  So  soon  as  Col.  Hoiman  was  able  to  ride,  though  still  quite  lame,  he 
returned  to  the  regiment,  which  was  encamped  near  Spring  Hill.  Col.  Edmond- 
son  at  once  procured  a  leave  of  absence,  and  shortly  after  resigned.  Lieut. -col. 
Hoiman  immediately  assumed  command,  was  afterward  promoted  to  the  Colonelcy, 
and  remained  its  commanding  officer  till  its  surrender  at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  May 
11,  1865. 

The  Eleventh  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  assigned  to  Starnes's  brigade,  and  took  a 
conspicuous  part  in  the  fight  at  Thompson's  Station,  March  5,  1>>63,  wherein  the 
officers  and  men  acquitted  themselves  in  a  degree  highly  creditable.  Some  cas- 
ualties to  the  regiment  occurred  in  this  action.  Twenty-tT,o  hundred  Federals 
were  captured.  The  regiment  was  engaged  in  a  number  of  skirmishes  with  the 
enemy  near  College  Grove  and  Triune,  Tenn.,  from  the  15th  to  the  24th  of  March, 
18d3;  in  the  capture,  on  March  24th,  of  the  Federal  garrison  at  Brentwood  of 
between  seven  hundred  and  eight  hundred  men;  and  in  the  tight  at  Franklin, 
Tenn.,  April  10,  1863. 

On  the  23d  of  April,  1S63,  Gen.  Forrest  received  orders  from  Gen.  Bragg  to  re- 
enforce  Col.  Roddy,  who  was  being  hard  pressed  by  two  Federal  columns — one  re- 
ported to  be  about  ten  thousand  strong,  under  Gen.  Dodge,  the  other  about  twen- 
ty-two hundred  strong,  under  Col.  A.  D.  Streigh:.  The  Eleventh  Tennessee,  un- 
der Col.  Edmondson,  was  at  once  dispatched,  and  within  two  days  made  the  junc- 
tion with  Roddy,  a  few  miles  east  of  Tuscumbia,  Ala.  In  connection  with  the 
efforts  of  Roddy,  the  Federal  advance  was  held  in  check  by  the  regiment  till  the 
arrival  of  Forrest  with  the  main  body  of  his  troops.  Col.  Streight,  with  his  com- 
mand of  mounted  infantry,  having  commenced  his  movement  in  the  direction  of 
Rome,  Ga.,  was  pursued  by  Forrest  night  and  day  through  the  mountains  of  Ala- 
bama, till  the  3d  of  May,  1303,  when  Streight  surrendered  his  entire  command. 
In  this  expedition  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  a  number  of  fights  and  skirmishes, 
and  is  mentioned  by  Gen.  Forrest  as  having  behaved  well,  and  gained  special  dis- 
tinction in  the  fight  at  Sand  Mountain,  at  which  place  it  suffered  severe  lo<s. 
Among  the  wounded  Avas  Capt.  Win.  H.  Forrest,  who  commanded  Co.  A.  The 
men  and  horses,  much  fatigued,  returned  by  easy  marches  to  Spring  Hill,  Tenn.. 
and  there  rested,  with  the  exception  of  performing  the  usual  picket  duty,  till  the 
7th  of  June,  when,  under  Gen.  Forrest,  the  regiment  participated  in  another  en- 
gagement at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  with  a  large  force  of  the  enemy  under  command  of 
Gens.  Morgan,  Grainger,  Baird,  and  Stanley. 

On  the  20th  of  June  another  successful  engagement  was  had  with  the  Federals 
at  Triune,  Tenn.,  Col.  Robert  Johnson's  regiment  of  Federal  cavalry  being  driven 
back  in  this  engagement. 

On  the  25th  of  June,  1863,  Gen.  Forrest,  who  was  in  command  of  all  the  cav- 
alry on  the  Confederate  left,  received  orders  to  move  at  once  to  Shelbyvilk-.  The 
command  moved  promptly  by  way  of  Riggs's  Cross-roads.  On  account  of  heavy 
rains  and  swollen  waters  the  movement  was  somewhat  retarded,  and  Gen.  For- 
rest's forces  failed  to  reach  Shelbyville  quite  as  soon  as  was  anticipated  by  Gen. 
Wheeler.  In  the  meantime  the  Federal  forces  had  so  vigorously  pushed  hack  the 
Confederate  cavalry  under  Wheeler,  that  Forrest,  when  reaching  a  point  a  few 


692 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


miles  west  of  Shelbyville,  crossed  Duck  River  with  his  command,  and  hastened 
to  join  the  main  Confederate  column  at  Tullahoma,  Tenn.,  which  he  did  on  the 
28th  of  June.  Capt.  Martin^  of  the  Eleventh,  had  been  sent  with  a  detachment 
north  of  Shelbvville  to  observe  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  where  he  remained 
till  lie  received  orders  to  withdraw  and  rejoin  the  regiment,  which  lie  did  at  Tul- 
lahoma some  three  days  after  the  command  reached  there.  Being  in  fact  cutoff 
by  superior  numbers  of  the  enemy,  much  credit  is  due  this  officer  for  skill  in  suc- 
cessfully extricating  his  command.  Roseerans  was  now  pressing  Bragg  at  all 
points  with  great  vigor.  The  Federal  cavalry  and  mounted  infantry,  largely  in- 
creased, were  unusually  active  and  incisive.  The  Federal  forces  were  now  occu- 
pying Hillsboro,  while  their  cavalry  was  menacing  Tullahoma  by  way  of  the  [Man- 
chester and  Hillsboro  roads.  In  the  meantime  Col.  Wilder,  with  a  brigade  of 
mounted  infantry,  had  been  dispatched  to  the  rear  of  Bragg's  army  at  Deeherd  to 
cut  the  railroad,  and  otherwise  inflict  damage.  These  rapid  movements  of  the 
Federal  troops  necessiVited  ceaseless  activity  on  the  part  of  the  Confederate  cav- 
alry. Col.  Dibrell,  with  a  detachment  from  his  regiment  (Eighth  Tennessee  Cav- 
alry), was  dispatched  toward  Hillsboro  and  McMinnville  to  ascertain  the  designs 
of  the  enemy,  while  Col.  Starnes,  with  the  remainder  of  his  brigade,  including  the 
Eleventh,  mo  red  promptly  on  the  Manchester  road  till  he  met  the  Federal  ad- 
vance (Crittenden's  corps)  a  few  miles  north-east  of  Tullahoma,  where  a  sha-pp 
engagement  took  place,  in  which  Col.  Starnes  was  mortally  wounded,  June  30, 
1863. 

The  command  of  Starnes's  brigade  devolved  on  Col.  Holinan,  of  the  Eleventh, 
till  the  return  of  Col.  Dibrell,  the  senior  officer  of  the  brigade.  The  advance  of 
the  Federals  was  checked  for  the  day.  Bragg's  entire  army  was  now  in  full  re- 
treat, and  the  Eleventh,  as  a  part  of'Starnes's  (now  Dibrell's)  brigade,  was  em- 
ployed in  protecting  the  retreating  army  across  the  Cumberland  Mountains  and 
the  Tennessee  River  to  Chattanooga,  which  point  it  reached  about  the  6th  of  July. 
The  cavalry  under  Forrest  remained  at  Chattanooga  until  July  24,  when  it  moved 
in  the  direction  of  Kingston,  Tenn.  The  Eleventh  was  ordered  across  the  Ten- 
nessee Paver  into  Rhea  and  the  adjoining  counties  to  watch  and  report  the  move- 
ments of  the  enemy  from  Sequatchie  Valley  and  other  points  north.  The  ene- 
my's cavalry  repeatedly  ventured  across  the  mountains  in  some  force.  Several 
sharp  skirmishes  ensued,  the  enemy  always  retreating  back  to  the  vicinity  of  Plke- 
ville.  It  became  necessary  to  ascertain  in  what  force  the  Federals  occupied  Se- 
quatchie Valley,  when  Col.  Holman,  taking  his  regiment,  made  a  thorough  recon- 
noissance,  crossing  the  mountains  by  one  route  and  returning  by  another  to  elude 
the  vigilance  of  the  enemy.  The  disposition  and  force  of  the  enemy  were  prompt- 
ly reported  to  Gen.  Forrest,  .who  was  at  Kingston  with  the  principal  portion  of 
his  command. 

After  some  three  or  four  weeks  of  this  service,  on  the  30th  of  August  the  regi- 
ment was  ordered  to  Kingston,  Tenn.  On  reachhig  Kingston,  Col.  Holman,  with 
a  detachment  of  one  hundred  men,  was  at  once  sent  on  an  expedition  to  Wartburir, 
Tenn.  Thetrip  through  the  mountains  was  made  by  the  aid  of  a  guide.  So  quiet 
was  the  movement  and  unexpected  the  route  that  the  enemy,  who  was  in  large 
force  near  Wartburg — some  twelve  thousand  strong  of  all  arms — and  moving  in 
the  direction  of  De  Ormond's  Gap,  had  failed  to  perceive  the  presence  of  the  detach- 
ment till,  meeting  Bird's  cavalry  brigade  in  the  road,  the  detachment  opened  fire 


Begimental  Histopjes  and  Memorial  Eolls.         G93 

on  them.  At  the  same  time  Perkins's  company,  under  his  gallant  lead,  charged 
the  Federals,  causing  them  to  retreat  in  disorder.  The  position  of  the  detach- 
ment was  somewhat  perilous  at  this  juncture,  there  being  only  one  route  open  for 
escape.  The  Federals,  doubtless  supposing  this  detachment  of  about  one  hun- 
dred men  to  be  the  advance-guard  of  a  large  Confederate  force,  made  dispositions 
for  a  defensive  fight,  and  while  thus  engaged  the  detachment,  after  taking  obser- 
vations of  the  enemy's  forces,  made  good  its  escape.  Col.  Ilolman  hastened  back 
to  Kingston  with  the  detachment  to  make  report  of  the  enemy's  forces  and  move- 
ments. Before  reaching  Kingston  he  met  Gen.  Forrest  at  night  on  the  road  with 
his  entire  command,  moving  toward  De  Ormand's  Gap.  He  at  once  reported 
what  he  had  learned  of  the  Federal  forces  and  movements.  Forrest  quickened 
his  movement  toward  the  gap,  but  within  an  hour  or  two  received  orders  from 
Gen.  Eragg  to  move  south  of  the  river  at  Kingston. 

The  regiment,  with  the  remainder  of  the  cavalry,  except  Scott's  brigade,  whiek 
was  left  to  hold  the  bridge  at  Loudon,  moved  directly  to  the  vicinity  of  Chatta- 
nooga. The  Federal  forces  under  Roseerans  were  now  being  thrown  rapidly 
across  the  Tennessee  River  below  and  west  of  the  city.  On  the  4th  of  September 
the  Confederate  forces  evacuated  Chattanooga,  and  moved  to  the  vicinity  of  La 
Fayette,  Ga.  The  two  great  armies  were  now  engaged  in  maneuvering  and  skir- 
mishing till  September  19,  when  the  hard-fought  battle  of  Chickamauga  was  com- 
menced. 

The  Eleventh,  with  the  remainder  of  Dibrell's  brigade,  had  been  kept  very 
active.  The  various  companies,  under  coiamand  of  their  efficient  company  offi- 
cers, were  from  time  to  time  placed  on  outpost  duty,  and  were  frequently  called 
on  to  perform  delicate  and  important  missions.  From  Ringgold,  Ga.,  Capt.  Thos. 
F.  Perkins,  with  his  company,  was  ordered  to  pursue  and  capture  the  Federal 
mail-carriers.  The  mission  was  successfully  performed.  The  mail-carriers  were 
overtaken  near  Chattanooga,  after  a  hot  chase,  and  brought  back  with  the  mail  to 
Ringgold. 

The  Eleventh  went  into  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  on  the  19th  of  September, 
about  12  o'clock,  at  Jay's  saw-mill,  being  at  the  time  dismounted  as  infantry.  It 
was  a  part  of  Dibrell's  brigade,  Armstrong's  division,  under  Gen.  Forrest.  It 
participated  in  the  hard  fighting  at  that  point  till  6  o'clock  in  the  evening,  when 
Gen.  Cleburne/  with  his  division  of  iufantry,  charged  and  routed  the  enemy  in 
his  front.  The  Eleventh  was  posted  on  Cleburne's  right  Hank  during  the  charge. 
The  regiment  suffered  some  casualties  on  the  19th,  among  which  may  be  men- 
tioned private  Wm.  Ballantine,  a  gallant  soldier  of  Rivers's  company,  who  was 
killed  by  a  cannon-bail.  The  regiment  rested  on  the  battle-field  during  the  eight, 
and  next  morning  at  daylight  was  ordered  forward  toward  the  Federal  left  on  a 
reconnoissance.  It  met  no  resisting  force,  though  a  number  of  prisoners  were 
gathered  up  who  had  thrown  away  their  guns  and  were  greatly  demoralized  and 
discouraged  by  the  fighting  of  the  evening  before.  Returning  to  the  command 
within  two  or  three  hours,  the  prisoners  were  turned  over  and  report  promptly 
made  to  the  brigade  commander  of  the  enemy's  demoralized  condition.  The  ricrht 
wing  of  Bragg's  army  was  commanded  by  Lieut.-gen.  Polk,  the  left  by  Lieut.-gen. 
Longstreet.  Forrest's  two  divisions  occupied  the  extreme  right  of  Polk's  corps. 
It  was  understood  on  the  e%'ening  of  the  20th  that  orders  had  been  given  by  Gen. 
Bragg  to  Gen.  Polk  to  make  a  vigorous  and  determined  movement  forward,  and, 


694  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

by  following  up  the  advantage  gained  the  evening  before,  achieve  a  signal  victory 
and  cut  off  the  enemy's  retreat  to  Chattanooga.  No  orders  to  move  were  received 
till  about  ten  o'clock  A.>r.  Soon  after  moving  the  fighting  commenced,  and  lasted 
all  day,  with  some  intervals  of  cessation.  The  left  wing  of  Bragg's  army  had 
been  victorious  with  heavy  loss.  The  right  had  not  more  than  maintained  its  po- 
sition till  late  in  the  evening  when  the  Federal  left  gave  way. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  21st  Forrest  was  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  with  his 
entire  command.  Dibrell's  brigade  captured  several  hundred  prisoners.  From 
the  top  of  Missionary  Kidge  the  Federal  troops,  in  great  disorder  and  confusion, 
could  be  seen  retreating  into  Chattanooga.  The  movements  of  the  cavalry  were 
not  seconded  by  the  infantry;  and  to  the  cavalry  the  slow  movements  of  the  in- 
fantry and  Gen.  Bragg s  failure  to  press  the  broken  and  disordered  columns  of 
the  Federal  forces  were  strange  and  unaccountable.  It  was  the  one  theme  of  com- 
plaint not  only  with  the  officers,  but  ako  with  the  privates.  All  felt  that  the 
fruits  of  the  dearly-bought  victory  were  being  rapidly  lost. 

On  the  morning  of  the  22d,  Col.  Holman,  in  command  of  his  regiment  and  also 
the  Tenth,  was  ordered  to  descend  Missionary  Ridge  into  the  Chattanooga  Valley, 
and  go  as  far  as  possible  in  the  direction  of  Chattanooga.  This  lie  proceeded  to 
do,  skirmishing  as  he  went,  and  capturing  several  hundred  prisoners.  He  moved 
rapidly  with  his  command  on  the  liossville  road,  till,  reaching  a  point  within 
about  a  half  mile  of  the  city  of  Chattanooga,  he  came  upon  the  Federal  infantry 
in  force,  strungly  intrenched,  who  opened  on  his  command  a  galling  fire.  Several 
of  the  Eleventh  fell  here,  killed  or  wounded.  Three  or  four  pieces  of  artillery 
coming  up,  Col.  Holman  directed  them  to  open  fire,  which  they  promptly  did.  He, 
having  in  the  meantime  dismounted  his  command,  supported  the  battery,  and 
fought  his  troops  as  infantry.  It  was  soon  apparent  that  the  enemy  was  not  to  be 
dislodged  from  his  stronghold  by  any  ordinary  force.  After  some  twenty  or  thirty 
minutes  lighting  Gen.  Forrest  came  dashing  up  at  full  speed,  followed  by  his  escort, 
and  asked  impatiently  (emphasizing  the  questions  with  an  oath),  "What  have 
you  stopped  here  for?  Why  don't  you  go  on  into  Chattanooga?"  Upon  being 
informed  by  Col.  Holman  that  the  enemy  in  considerable  force  was  strongly  in- 
trenched not  more  than  two  hundred  yards  in  front,  he  replied  that  there  must  be 
some  mistake  about  that,  and  that  he  believed  he  could  take  Chattanooga  with  his 
escort.  Thereupon,  putting  spurs  to  his  horse,  he  and  a  portion  of  his  escort  gal- 
loped in  the  direction  of  the  enemy.  They  had  proceeded  only  a  few  yards  when 
the  enemy  opened  on  them  a  hot  fire.  Forrest's  horse  was  shot  in  the  neck,  but 
did  not  fall.  He  and  his  escort  returned  as  rapidly  as  they  had  advanced,  and  no 
other  effort  was  made  to  penetrate  the  Federal  position  at  that  point.  Dibreli's 
brigade  was  then  ordered  farther  to  the  left,  to  approach  Chattanooga  by  way  of  the 
foot  of  Lookout  Mountain.  It  was  soon  ascertained  that  the  side  of  the  mountain 
was  strongly  fortified  by  Federal  troops.  Their  sharp-shooters,  with  long-range  guns, 
were  quite  annoying,  and  besides  there  was  a  heavy  force  of  infantry  and  artillerv 
in  the  Confederate  front,  between  Chattanooga  and  the  Confederates.  The  Fed- 
eral artillery  was  well  served,  four  men  being  killed  by  one  shell.  Among  the 
number  was  Dr.  Win.  McNairy,  of  Capt.  Kivers's  company,  whose  head  was  torn 
from  his  body.  He  was  at  the  time  Orderly  Sergeant  of  his  company,  a  physician 
of  prominence  in  Giles  county,  and  a  true  and  faithful  soldier.  It  was  here  that 
Col.  James  King,  an  old  man  over  seventy  years  of  age,  a  prominent  citizen  of 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.        095 

Rutherford  county,  Tenn.,  who  was  on  a  visit  to  his  sons,  who  were  members  of 
Lytle's  company,  rode  fearlessly  into  the  tight.  When  warned  by  Col.  Holman 
of  the  danger  to  which  he  was  exposed,  and  requested  to  retire  to  the  rear,  he  re- 
plied with  much  coolness  and  determination:  "No;  I  cannot.  Wherever  my 
sons  are  required  to  go,  there  I  will  go." 

About  two  o'clock  p.m.  Cren.  MeLaws  came  up  with  a  division  of  infantry.  This 
was  the  first  infantry  since  the  evening  of  the  20th  that  had  been  sent  to  the  sup- 
port of  Forrest's  cavalry  in  their  efforts  to  take  Chattanooga.  Gen.  Forrest  at 
once  saw-  Gen.  McLaws,  and  insisted  on  making  a  combined  attack.  Gen.  MeLaws 
declined,  for  the  reason  that  his  orders  limited  him  to  picket  duty.  Dibrell  main- 
tained his  position  till  about  noon  of  the  2'Sd,  when  he  was  ordered  to  withdraw 
to  Tyners  Station  for  the  purpose  of  feeding  his  almost  famished  horses  and  men, 
both  well-nigh  exhausted  by  the  long-continued  strain.  Only  a  few  hours  rest 
was  obtained,  for  about  the  2-jth  of  September  the  brigade,  with  Forrest's  other 
cavalry,  was  ordered  to  move  in  the  direction  of  Charleston,  Tenn.,  to  meet  a  Fed- 
eral force  sent  by  Baraside.  This  force  wus  encountered  at  Charleston,  and  after 
some  fighting  was  dislodged  and  driven  to  Athens,  Tenn..  where  some  prisoners 
were  captured.  The  Federals  retreated  from  Athens  to  Philadelphia,  where,  re- 
enforced  by  Woolford's  brigade,  they  made  a  srand,  but  were  driven  to  Loudon. 

About  the  1st  of  October  Dibrell's  Tennessee  and  Morrison's  Georgia  brigades 
were  ordered  back  to  the  vicinity  of  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  to  rest  and  recruit.  Be- 
tween two  and  three  weeks  were  profitably  spent  here  in  resting  and  recruiting, 
with  no  work  to  perform  save  the  usual  service  of  picketing  and  scouting.  It  was 
here  that  the  cavalry,  including  Dibrell's,  was  turned  over  again  to  the  command 
of  Wheeler.  Forrest  was  ordered  to  the  department  of  North  Mississippi,  taking 
with  him  not  exceeding  five  hundred  men  of  his  old  command,  including  Mor- 
ton's battery  and  McDonald's  battalion. 

The  position  of  Woolford's  brigade  o(  Federal  cavalry,  camped  at  Philadelphia, 
Tenn.,  having  been  definitely  ascertained,  in  the  latter  part  of  October  an  expe- 
dition for  its  capture  by  Dibrell's  and  Morrison's  brigades  was  planned.  The 
project  was  in  a  large  measure  successful.  There  were  captured  seven  hun- 
dred prisoners,  fifty  wagons,  twelve  ambulances,  eight  hundred  stand  of  small 
arms,  six  pieces  of  artillery,  one  thousand  horses  and  mules,  saddles,  etc.,  and  a 
large  amount  of  commissary  and  sutlers'  stores.  Capt.  Thomas  F.  Perkins's  horse 
was  killed  by  a  grape-shot,  while  making  the  charge,  within  fifty  yards  of  the 
Federal  battery.  The  most  of  the  regiment  occupied  a  position  on  the  extreme 
left,  to  prevent  the  escape  of  the  routed  Federals  by  a  road  leading  to  the  west. 
After  the  rout  of  the  enemy,  and  as  we  were  pressing  them  on  the  Loudon  road, 
Capt.  James  Rivers,  while  gallantly  charging  the  retreating  Federals  with  a  view 
of  picking  up  prisoners,  was  captured,  together  with  several  of  the  men  whom  he 
was  leading.  No  exchange  could  be  effected,  and  he  was  held  a  prisoner  of  war 
at  Johnsons  Island  till  the  close  of  the  Avar.  He  was  a  brave  officer,  and  his  lo*s 
to  the  service  was  felt  not  only  by  his  company,  but  by  the  entire  regiment. 

On  Sunday,  November  1,  a  detachment  from  the  brigade,  including  the  Elev- 
enth, was  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Vaughn.  Fording  and  swimming  the  Little 
Tennessee  River  at  Morganton,  the  command  was  all  night  crossing.  Gen. 
Vaughn  moved  the  detachment  rapidly  till  he  reached  Lnitia,  a  small  village  on 
the  east  bank  of  the  Hohton  River.     On  the  we?-t  bank,  and  opposite  L'nitia,  the 


696  .    Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Federals  were  in  some  force.  A  brisk  duel  across  the  river  ensued.  Here  fell 
James  Newton  Paisley,  Orderly  Sergeant  of  Rivers's  company,  who  was  shot 
through  the  head  and  instantly  killed.  He  was  a  man  of  great  merit  socially, 
morally,  and  intellectually.  "Was  a  model  soldier,  as  he  had  been  a  citizen,  with 
no  ambition  except  to  do  his  whole  duty.  Prompt  and  faithful  in  the  discharge 
of  his  religious  duties,  recognizing  the  care  and  guidance  of  a  higher  Power,  al- 
ways cheerful,  "  with  a  heart  for  any  fate,"  his  influence  for  good  in  the  command 
was  very  great.  How  oppressed  with  sorrow  were  the  hearts  of  his  devoted  com- 
rades as  they  hastily  laid  his  body  in  its  humble  resting-place,  a  soldiers  grave! 
No*  shaft  or  storied  urn  marks  the  spot,  but  a  nobler  and  more  enduring  monu- 
ment is  erected  in  the  affections  of  all  who  knew  him. 

The  expedition  to  Uriitia,  so  far  as  could  be  seen,  was  without  profit.  Return- 
ing at  once,  and  marching  all  night,  the  detachment  recrossed.  the  Little  Tennes- 
see River  at  Morg;xnton,  but  before  the  entire  command  had  gotten  across  the 
rear  was  attacked  by  a  large  force  of  Federal  cavalry.  Several  men  of  Miller*- 
and  Coffee's  companies  were  captured.  Several  made  their  escape  and  crossed  at 
Giles's  Ferry  above. 

On  the  3d  of  November  the  brigade  went  on  a  scout  in  the  direction  of  Mary- 
ville, Tenn.,  returned  the  same  day,  and  camped  at  McGee's,  opposite  Motley's 
Ford. 

On  the  5th  of  November  the  Ninth  Tennessee  Cavalry  (Col.  J.  B.  Biffle)  started 
across  the  river  at  Motley's  Ford  on  a  scout.  When  the  Ninth  had  gotten  partly 
across  it  was  attacked  by  Federal  cavalry  in  ambush.  The  remainder  of  the  bri- 
gade hurriedly  gathered  up  their  guns,  and  by  firing  at  the  enemy  across  the  riv- 
er drove  them  off.    The  Ninth  lost  twenty-five  men  captured  and  three  wounded. 

Dibrell's  brigade  remained  in  camp  at  McGee's  till  November  13,  when  Gen. 
Wheeler,  late  in  the  evening,  with  most  of  his  command,  crossed  the  Little  Ten- 
nessee at  Motley's  Ford,  marched  ail  night,  and  just  at  daylight  reached  the  vi- 
cinity of  Maryville,  the  county-seat  of  Blount  county,  on  Saturday,  November 
14.  The  Federals,  who  were  encamped  in  force  at  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Mary- 
ville, surprised  by  the  unexpected  attack,  were  soon  routed  and  a  number  taken 
prisoners.  "Wheeler,  with  his  main  force,  pursued  them  to  the  vicinity  of  Knox- 
ville.  The  Eleventh  was  sent  to  take  possession  of  Maryville,  with  instructions 
as  to  disposition  of  prisoners,  etc.  It  remained  there  only  a  few  hours.  "While 
there  a  company  of  Federal  cavalry  was  seen  approaching  the  place  from  the 
south.  It  was  evident  they  did  not  know  the  town  was  in  possession  of  the  Con- 
federates, nor  what  had  transpired  in  the  early  morning.  They  were  permittt*} 
to  enter  undisturbed,  not  comprehending  the  situation  till  informed  that  they  were 
prisoners.  They  had  with  them  an  old  citizen  who  lived  a  few  miles  in  the  coun- 
try, and  whom  they  had  arrested^  as  was  afterward  ascertained,  for  alleged  ''dis- 
loyalty" to  the  United  States  Government.  Being  confused  at  the  movements  he 
saw,  and  supposing  the  Confederates  to  be  Federals,  he  became  much  alarmed. 
and  at  once  approaching  the  commander  of  the  Eleventh,  began  to  appeal  most 
earnestly  for  a  hearing:  before  sentence  of  condemnation  should  be  passed  on  him. 
He  stated  that  the  reports  against  him  were  all  false;  that  he  was  not  only  not  a 
rebel,  but  was  now,  and  always  had  been,  a  truly  loyal  man,  which  he  said  he 
could  prove  by  some  of  the  best  men  in  Maryville,  whose  names  he  proceeded  to 
mention.     The  officers  around,  perceiving  the  mistake  under  which  he  was  labor- 


Regimental  IIistouies  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


GOT 


ing,  and  being  greatly  amused  at  his  story,  made  it  convenient,  about  this  time,  to 
remove  the  oil-cloths  which  covered  their  uniforms.  Casting  his  eyes  inquiringly 
around,  with  an  expression  to  which  words  cannot  do  justice,  he  suddenly  stopped 
his  speech.  After  a  slight  pause,  as  something  of  a  smile  gathered  on  his  lips 
and  twinkled  from  his  eyes,  he  asked,  "An't  you  all  Confederates?"  He  was  in- 
formed they  were,  but  that  was  only  the  worse  fur  him,  judging  from  the  state- 
ments he  had  just  made.  "Of"  he  exclaimed  jubilantly,  "I  was  just  talking 
then.  I  thought  you  were  all  Yankees.  Everybody  in  this  county  knows  I'm  a 
rebel.  That 's  what  they  arrested  and  brought  me  here  for.  I  am  so  glad  you 
are  here!"  He  was  anxious  to  produce  any  number  of  witnesses  to  establish  the 
truth  of  his  last  statement,  but  it  was  deemed  wholly  unnecessary,  and  lie  was  at 
once  discharged  and  bidden  to  go  in  peace  to  his  home.  This  incident  illustrates 
the  arrangement  that  was  common  in  East  Tennessee,  where  the  political  senti- 
jcent  was  pretty  evenly  divided,  to  wit:  that  when  the  Confederates  were  in  troub- 
le the  Union  people  would  come  to  their  relief  by  doing  all  they  could  fur  them 
with  the  Federal  authorities;  and  in  turn,  when  the  Union  people  were  in  troub- 
le, the  Confederates  cam.e  to  their  relief  by  doing  for  them  all  in  their  power 
with  the  Confederate  authorities.  When  done  at  the  expense  of  truth  moralists 
may  condemn  this  as  wrong,  but  the  cruelties  and  hardships  of  war  soon  teach  a 
people  in  matters  pertaining  to  safety  to  ignore  all  law  save  the  law  of  expedi- 
ency. Indeed,  how  could  it  be  otherwise,  since  the  art  of  war  itself,  in  its  great- 
est perfection,  consists  in  the  ability  of  army  commanders  to  practice  on  their  an- 
tagonists the  most  complete  deception? 

The  15th  of  .November  was  spent  in  skirmishing  with  the  enemy,  who  retreated 
into  the  city  of  Knoxville,  taking  refuge  behind  his  fortifications.  A  number 
were  killed  and  wounded,  and  over  one  hundred  prisoners  were  captured.  On 
November  lb'  DibrelFs  brigade  moved  toward  the  left,  and  on  the  morning  of  the 
17th  crossed  the  Holston  below  and  near  Louisville.  On  the  13th  a  junction  with 
Longstreet's  corps  was  made  near  and  west  of  Knoxville.  This  corps  charged 
the  enemy  and  drove  them  into  their  fortifications.  The  city  of  Knoxville  was 
invested  by  the  Confederates,  the  Eleventh  occupying  the  Cumberland  Gap  road, 
in  full  view  of  the  city.  This  position  it  maintained,  for  the  most  part,  through- 
out the  siege,  with  but  little  rest.  The  siege  continued  from  Wednesday  morning. 
November  IS,  till  Thursday  night,  December  3,  a  period  of  fifteen  days.  On  the 
23d  of  November  Gen.  Wheeler  withdrew  a  portion  of  the  cavalry,  including  the 
Eleventh,  and  with  them  made  a  trip  to  Kingston,  Tenn.,  riding  night  and  day> 
to  ascertain  something  of  the  Federal  forces  at  that  point.  On  the  24th  Kingston 
was  attacked.  A  sharp  fight  ensued,  with  some  casualties  to  both  sides.  Wheeler 
withdrew,  and  returned  to  Knoxville,  reaching  there  on  the  26th  of  November. 
The  Eleventh  was  assigned  its  old  position  near  Knoxville,  on  the  road  leading 
to  Cumberland  Gap,  where  it  remained  till  the  2d  of  December,  when  Gen.  Arm- 
strong, taking  his  division,  moved  to  Maynardville,  where,  on  the  morning  of  the 
3d,  he  found  and  engaged  the  enemy  in  some  force.  The  Eleventh  dismounted, 
and  was  sent  to  the  left,  while  Col.  G.  G.  Dibrell,  with  the  Eighth  and  Fourth, 
charged  on  horseback  from  the  front.  The  charge  under  the  lead  of  Col.  Dibrell 
was  most  gallantly  made,  but  the  enemy  received  it  with  more  than  ordinary  cool- 
ness, and  fought  stubbornly  till  the  Eleventh  poured  an  effective  fire  on  their 
right  flank,  when  they  hastily  retreated  in  disorder,  leaving  a  number  killed  and 


69S  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


wounded  on  the  field.  There  were  some  casualties  to  the  brigade  in  killed  and 
wounded.  Col.  Dibrell  received  a  severe  wound,  from  which  he  was  disabled  for 
service  for  about  two  months,  during  which  time  the  command  of  the  brigade  de- 
volved upon  Col.  Holman  and  of  the  regiment  upon  Capt.  Martin,  who  was  in 
fact  acting  as  Lieutenant-colonel  of  the  regiment  by  recommendation  of  the 
brigade  and  division  commanders,  though  he  never  received  a  commission 
from  the  War  Department,  as  few  did  at  that  time,  on  account  of  the  great  activ- 
ity of  the  troops  in  the  field.  There  was  no  time  left  to  think  of  paper  and  parch- 
ment. At  the  same  time  Capt.  C,  Coffee  was  recommended  for  Major  of  the  regi- 
;  ment.     These  two  officers  alternated  in  command  in  the  absence  of  Col.  Holman. 

They  were  both  brave  and  efficient,  and  handled  the  regiment  in  action  with 
marked  ability  and  coolness.  They  preferred  remaining  with  their  companies  to 
any  promotion,  but  never  shrunk  from  any  duty  when  it  was  imposed  upon  them 
by  the  proper  authority.  They  recognized  the  force  of  the  military  maxim,  "  The 
first  duty  of  a  soldier  is  obedience  to  orders." 

The  regiment  remained  on  the  north  side  of  the  Holston  River,  for  the  most 
part,  for  about  three  weeks.  Most  of  the  forage  was  obtained  on  the  Holston 
River  and  on  Buffalo  Creek.  The  command  was  kept  very  active — sometimes 
moving  to  Blains  Cross-roads,  then  to  Rutledge,  then  to  Bean's  Station,  then  to 
Bull's  Gap.  On  the  16th  of  December  it  captured  twelve  prisoners  at  Massen- 
gill?s  mills. 

On  the  23d  of  December  the  regiment  crossed  to  the  south  side  of  the  Holston 
at  the  old  Thompson  Ford.  Dibrell' s  brigade  camped  on  the  Knoxville  and  Mor- 
ristown  road,  except  the  Eleventh,  which,  under  command  of  Capt.  Martin,  was 
sent  to  Mossv  Creek  to  picket.  Capt.  Martin  soon  ascertained  that  the  enemy  was 
advancing  on  the  place,  and  promptly  reported  the  fact.  Early  on  the  morning 
of  the  24th  Col.  Holman  moved  with  the  brigade  toward  New  Market.  After 
passing  Mossy  Creek  a  short  distance  he  met  the  enemy's  advance-guard  in  the 
road.  A  brisk  fight  ensued.  The  enemy  was  moving  on  Mossy  Creek  with  a 
large  force  of  all  arms.  They  were  held  in  check  by  the  brigade  till  Gen.  Arm- 
strong, with  the  remainder  of  his  division,  came  up.  After  about  an  hour's  right- 
ing the  division  fell  back  to  Mossy  Creek.  In  this  fight  the  Eleventh  held  posi- 
tion on  the  right,  along  the  line  of  the  railroad.  While  the  Tenth  was  bein^ 
hard  pressed  and  in  danger  of  capture  in  attempting  to  cross  Mossy  Creek,  the 
Eleventh,  perceiving  the  danger,  drove  the  enemy  back  so  as  to  enable  the  Tenth 
to  cross  the  bridge  which  spanned  the  marshy  and  miry  stream. 

The  country  about  Mossy  Creek  being  rich  and  productive,  it  was  the  desire  of 
both  Federals  and  Confederates  to  occupy  it,  that  they  might  procure  supplies  of 
subsistence  for  man  and  beast;  hence  there  was  a  continuous  struggle  for  about 
twenty  days  as  to  which  of  the  forces  should  occupy  the  neighborhood.  The  Con- 
federates fought  all  day,  and  at  night  were  compelled  to  ride  from  five  to  ten  miles 
to  get  forage,  and  then  frequently  had  to  fight  to  get  it.  The  weather  was  ex- 
ceedingly cold,  and  the  men  were  poorly  clad.  Many  of  them,  being  almost  bare- 
footed, wrapped  their  feet  and  legs  with  rags  as  best  they  could  to  keep  them  from 
freezing.  After  riding  so  far  and  feeding  their  horses,  but  little  of  the  night  re- 
mained in  which  to  rest.  At  daylight  they  were  called  to  ''saddle  up;'  and 
move. 

On  the  20th  of  December  Armstrong's  division  made  a  determined  effort  to  defeat 


Eegluextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


G99 


and  drive  the  Federals  away.  After  driving  them  about  two  miles,  and  getting  them 
greatly  demoralized,  the  Federal  cavalry  (Col.  James  P.  Brownlow's  regiment 
leading)  charged  the  Confederate  line  with  great  spirit.  The  Confederates  with- 
stood the  charge  firmly,  and  were  about  to  capture  a  large  number  of  the  charging 
party,  when  the  Second  Georgia  Cavalry  gave  way.  Soine  confusion  in  the  Con- 
federate lines  erjsued,  making  it  necessary  to  fall  back  over  a  part  of  the  ground 
they  had  gained.  Portions  of  the  brigade  most  stubbornly  resisted  this  daring 
charge,  and  soon  made  them  willing  to  retire.  Capt.  Cannon,  of  Brownlow's  reg- 
iment, a  very  brave  officer,  led  the  advance,  and  was  killed  by  private  X  B.  Ezell, 
of  Miller's  company,  when  within  a  few  feet  of  each  other.  At  the  same  time 
has  comrade,  another  man  of  the  same  company,  shot  Cannon's  horse,  and  horse 
and  rider  fell  together  to  the  ground.  Private  Jerome  P..  Pod  son,  of  Capt.  Mar- 
tin's company,  who  was  temporarily  on  Col.  Holman's  staff,  was  shot  through  the 
heart  and  instantly  killed  within  a  few  feet  of  Col.  Holman.  Among  tfiose  capt- 
ured was  private  Randall  Gillespie,  of  Martin's  company,  while  resisting  the 
charge.  The  contest  for  subsistence  continued  for  about  three  weeks,  with  the 
usual  fighting  and  skirmishing.  The  commands  moved  from  point  to  point  to  ob- 
tain forage.  The  weather  continued  exceedingly  cold  and  inclement.  The  hard- 
ships, privations,  and  sufferings  of  the  troops  were  almost  beyond  endurance.  De- 
sertions of  officers  and  men  were  frequent. 

Between  the  loth  and  20th  of  January.  136-4,  it  was  determined  to  dislodge  the 
enemy  at  Dandridge,  and  if  possible  drive  him  beyond  Strawberry  Plains.  Gen. 
Longstreet,  who  was  encamped  with  his  infantry  corps  near  Morristown,  selected 
such  portions  of  his  command  as  had  shoes  and  were  sufficiently  clad;  and  these* 
together  with  the  cavalry,  made  the  combined  attack.  The  enemy  was  driven  de- 
moralized from  Dandridge  and  beyond  Strawberry  Plains.  In  this  action  the 
Eleventh,  with  some  other  regiments  of  the  brigade,  dismounted  and  acted  as  in- 
fantry, and  charged  in  line  with  the  infantry.  While  the  battle  was  raging  fierce- 
ly an  infantry  regiment  fell  back  a  short  distance  till  rallied,  but  not  a  man  in  the 
cavalry  gave  back  or  wavered  for  a  moment.  On  they  marched,  with  the  steadi- 
ness of  veterans.  It  had  been  whispered  that  Gen.  Longstreet  said,  as  the  troops 
were  about  to  go  into  the  fight,  that  he  was  fearful  the  cavalry  would  give  way. 
This  served  to  stimulate  the  pride  of  the  cavalry,  and  under  no  circumstances 
would  they  have  retreated  in  advance  of  the  infantry.  Gen.  Longstreet  com- 
mended the  conduct  of  the  cavalry  on  this  occasion  in  the  highest  terms.  The 
Eleventh  for  a  week*or  more  was  engaged  in  picketing  the  fords  on  the  French 
Broad  below  Dandridge,  and  in  scouting  on  the  south  side  of  the  river. 

On  the  27th  of  January  Cob  Holman,  leaving  the  regiment  at  Evans's  Ford, 
and  taking  with  him  a  dozen  picked  men,  went  on  a  scout  in  the  direction  of  >e- 
vierville  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  the  strength  and  position  of  the  enemy. 
While  on  the  sfcout  Gen.  W.  S.  Martin,  with  his  division  of  cavalry,'  had  met  the 
enemy  a  few  miles  east  of  Sevierville,  and  had  been  defeated.  The  Federals  in 
force  came  up  simultaneously  in  front  and  rear,  and  opened  fire  on  Col.  Holman 
and  his  men.  One  of  the  men  was  captured.  The  chances  for  escape  were  des- 
perate, but  the  remainder,  turning  from  the  road,  fled  to  the  mountains  and  made 
good  their  escape.  They  reached  the  command  late  in  the  evening,  when  the  reg- 
iment at  once  recrossed  to  the  north  side  of  the  French  Broad  and  encamped  for 
the  night,  picketing  the  fords.     Elated  at  their  success  of  the  day  before,  the  Fed- 


700  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

erals  determined  to  attack  Dibfeli,  who  was  encamped,  with  the  remainder  of  his 
brigade,  some  ten  mile?  above  Dandridge,  on  the  south  bank  of  the  French  Broad. 
Col.  Holman,  anticipating  their  designs,  on  the  morning  of  the  28th  moved  as 
rapidly  as  possible  v.itli  his  regiment  to  join  the  brigade.  The  distance  to  be 
traveled  was  about  twenty  miles,  while  the  enemy  had  to  go  a  less  distance  to 
reach  Dibrell's  camps. 

As  the  Eleventh  approached  the  brigade  the  surmise  as  to  the  designs  of  the 
enemy  was  confirmed.  It  was  learned  that  the  Federals,  in  large  force,  were  ap- 
proaching, being  then  only  about  three  miles  distant.  Col.  Dibrell  being  a  short 
distance  out  of  camp  at  the  time,  Col.  Holman  assumed  command,  and  had  the 
camp  aroused.  "While  the  brigade  was  saddling,  the  advance-guard  encountered 
the  pickets.  Soon  the  entire  brigade  was  mounted  and  the  advance-guard  of  the 
enemy  driven  back.  The  brigade  moved  a  short  distance  from  its  camp  under 
Col.  Dibrell,  who  had  returned.  All  the  regiments  dismounted  except  the  Eighth 
Texas.  In  a  few  minutes  temporary  breastworks  of  rails,  logs,  etc.,  were  hastily 
improvised  by  the  men.  In  a  short  while  the  fight  opened,  and  lasted  over  two 
hours.  The  Federals  were  severely  handled,  and  they  beat  a  hasty  retreat,  not 
stopping  till  they  reached  Knoxville,  reporting  as  they  went  that  they  had 
fought  all  of  Longstreefs  infantry.  They  had  four  brigades,  to  wit:  Woolford's 
Elliott's,  Sturgis's,  and  McCook's — in  all  about  twenty  regiments — while  Dibrell's 
brigade  and  the  Third  Arkansas — seven  regiments — constituted  the  Confederate 
forces;  so  that  their  number  exceeded  those  of  the  Confederates  fully  four  to  one. 
Their  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  was  about  three  hundred.  The  Confederates 
lost  two  killed  and  six  or  eight  wounded.  The  casualties  to  the  Eleventh  were 
only  slight.  The  Federals  never  did  wilder  shooting,  perhaps,  than  on  this  oc- 
casion. Had  their  aim  been  well  directed,  this  little,  decimated  Confederate  bri- 
gade would  necessarily  have  been  annihilated.  The  hill  on  which  the  tight  was 
made  was  by  common  consent  designated  as  DibrelFs  Hill,  in  honor  of  the  gallant 
commander  of  the  brigade. 

On  the  29th  of  January  the  brigade  moved  down  the  French  Broad  River,  and 
on  the  30th  went  into  camp  on  Pigeon  River,  about  three  miles  below  Sevierville. 
Here  the  regiment  remained  encamped  till  about  the  226!  of  February.  The 
weather  was  very  cold.  The  Federals  seemed  to  be  content  to  be  let  alone  shut 
up  within  the  city  limits  of  Knoxville.  About  the  20th  of  February,  Gen.  Long- 
street  wishing  to  ascertain  something  definite  as  to  the  force  at  Knoxville,  Col. 
Holman  was  sent  in  command  of  the  brigade  to  make  a  reconnoissance  in  force 
and  develop  the  enemy.  He  went  with  the  command  to  the  hills  near  to  and 
overlooking  the  city,  where  a  fine  view  of  the  Federal  forces  and  position 
could  be  had.  The  enemy  undertook  to  capture  the  brigade  while  occupying  this 
position,  and  made  disposition  of  their  troops  accordingly.  In  this  they  were 
unsuccessful.  However,  the  brigade  was  compelled  to  fight  its  way  out.  There 
were  some  casualties  in  wounded  and  captured.  Capt.  Pierce,  of  the  Fourth  (Mc- 
Lemore's  regiment),  lost  seven  men  captured.  Col.  Holman  and  Adjutant  Gar- 
rett came  near  being  captured.  While  endeavoring  to  resist  a  charge  of  the  ene- 
my, they  found  themselves  cut  off  from  their  comrades  and  surrounded  by  foes. 
A  Federal  Captain,  with  his  company  of  cavalry  within  a  few  feet  of  them,  de- 
manded their  surrender.  The  re<]<iest  was  declined,  and  their  only  chance  for 
escape  was  in  the  iieetness  of  their  horses,  which  was  thoroughly  tested  in  a  race 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


701 


of  about  five  hundred  yards;  till  the  Confederate  line  of  battle  could  be  reached, 
when  they  were  relieved  by  a  well-directed  volley  from  friendly  guns,  which 
caused  such  of  the  pursuers  as  escaped  unhurt  to  return  to  their  lines  as  rapidly 
as  they  had  come. 

On  the  22d  of  February  the  brigade  crossed  the  French  Broad  at  Evans's  Ford, 
moved  by  way  of  Dand ridge  to  a  point  near  the  mouth  of  Chucky  River,  and 
camped  several  days.  The  command  then  crossed  the  French  Broad  on  the  2Sth 
of  February,  and  camped  near  Newport,  between  the  French  Broad  and  Pigeon 
rivers.  AVhile  the  cavalry  was  encamped  at  Newport  a  very  amusing  incident 
occurred.  The  officers  of  the  quartermaster  and  commissary  departments,  in- 
cluding Captains  and  Majors  of  the  staff,  dressed  well.  The  others  of  the  com- 
mand, officers  as  well  as  privates,  had  no  fine  clothes — in  fact,  felt  that  they  were 
shabbily  dressed  in  comparison  with  these  gentlemen  of  the  staff".  Whether  true 
or  not,  many  of  the  private  soldiers,  as  well  as  officers  of  the  line,  conceived  that 
these  well-dressed  gentlemen  bore  themselves  with  an  air  of  superiority  because 
of  their  clothes.  Among  other  characteristics  of  the  staff,  they  were  noted  for 
being  great  ladies'  men,  and  lost  no  opportunity  to  attend  any  party  that  might  be 

gotten  up  in  the  vicinity  of  Newport.     Finally  there  was  a  party  at  Mr.  J 's, 

across  the  river  in  the  direction  of  the  enemy.  The  crossings  of  the  river  were 
all  guarded  by  the  Confederate  pickets.     About  9  o'clock  at  night  the  party  had 

assembled  at  Mr.  J 's,  consisting  of  a  number  of  ladies  in  the  neighborhood,. 

and,  so  far  as  the  male  portion  was  concerned,  exclusively  of  Quartermasters  and 
Commissaries.  The  table  groaned  with  the  luxuries  of  the  season,  and  to  a  sol- 
dier's eye  it  presented  a  scene  peculiarly  tempting.  Just  as  the  company  was  in 
the  act  of  sitting  down  to  partake  of  the  rich  repast  the  clatter  of  hoofs  rapidly 
approaching  could  be  distinctly  heard.  Nearer  they  came.  Then  above  the  din 
was  heard  the  clear  ring  of  the  army  pistol.  The  ladies  turned  pale,  and  "  whis- 
pered with  white  lips.  'The  foe — they  come,  they  come!"'  The  officers  of  the 
staff  simultaneously  rushed  for  the  door.  All  not  being  able  to  make  their  exit 
at  once,  some  went  through  the  windows,  smashing  the  glass  and  getting  many 
ugly  scratches  and  gashes  as  they  went  through,  which  made  the  blood  they  had 
never  before  spilled  flow  freely.  Some  managed  to  mount  their  horses,  and  went 
dashing  toward  camp.  The  others  believed  they  were  too  late  to  make  a  mount, 
and  ran  on  foot  for  dear  life,  leaving  their  horses  behind.  Reaching  the  crossing, 
the  pickets  affected  to  believe  the  fugitive  Captains  and  Majors  were  the  enemy, 
and  fired  a  volley — in  the  air.  There  was  no  time  to  parley  or  explain  to  the 
pickets  that  they  were  friendly  non-combatants;  so,  plunging  into  the  stream,  they 
swam  across.  The  "  enemy "  turned  out  to  be  only  some  hungry  soldiers  from 
that  same  Confederate  command,  who  had  taken  this  method  of  "getting  even'" 
with  the  staff.  They  went  in  and  devoured  the  supper.  The  ladies  were  so  glad 
they  were  Confederates  and  not  Federals  that  they  were  happy  at  their  presence,. 
and  greatly  enjoyed  their  keen  relish  of  the  supper.  "All  went  merry  as  a  mar- 
riage-bell." and  the  boys  left  the  "girls'"  happy.  Perhaps  the  most  amusing  thing 
about  it  was  the  attempted  investigation  the  next  day  as  to  why  there  was  picket 
firing  the  night  before.  Nobody  knew  any  thing  to  tell,  and  yet  there  was  a  joy 
and  hilarity  in  camp  never  known  before  or  afterward.  The  "staff's"  first  im- 
pulse was  to  investigate,  but  soon  found  there  was  a  deep  under-current  that  made 
it  wholly  impracticable.     Still,  they  never  did  hear  the  last  of  that  supper. 


702 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


The  regiment  remained  at  Newport  till  March  15,  at  which  time  it  crossed  the 
Nollachucky  River  and  camped  within  about  three  miles  of  Warrensburg,  where 
it  remained  till  the  25th.  On  the  22d  snow  fell  to  the  depth  of  about  ten  inches. 
On  the  25th  the  command  moved  up  Cedar  Creek  and  camped.  Orders  we  re  now 
received  to  get  every  thing  in  readiness  to  move  to  Dalton,  Ga.,  by  way  of  Ashe- 
ville,  N.  C,  and  Greenville,  S.  C.  March  20  the  command  crossed  Paint  Mount- 
ain at  Paint  Rock,  and  camped  near  Warm  Springs.  Passed  through  Asheville, 
N.  C,  March  31;  through  Greenville,  &  C,  April  3,  where  it  rested  a  day  or 
two.  Reached  Anderson,  S.  C,  April  6,  and  rested  three  days.  April  9  it  moved 
to  Seneca  River,  and  camped  one  day.  April  10,  crossed  Tugaioo  River.  April 
13,  reached  Athens,  Ga. ;  on  the  18th,  Marietta;  on  the  20th,  Acworth ;  on  the 
21st,  Cass  Station;  on  the  22d,  Adairsviile;  on  the  23d,  Resaca,  where  the  regi- 
ment remained  till  May  4,  when,  late  in  the  evening,  it  was  ordered  to  Dalton, 
and  about  midnight  camped  within  two  miles  of  that  place.  The  next  day  the 
brigade  went  to  the  front  on  the  Cleveland  road.  May  7,  skirmished  with  the 
enemy  on  his  left.  On  the  9th  the  Federal  cavalry  charged  the  brigade  with 
much  spirit,  and  were  repulsed  with  some  loss.  Private  J.  B. -Smith,  of  Lytle's 
company,  was  killed,  and  Lieut.  Thos.  Banks,  of  Martin's  company,  severely 
wounded.     There  were  other  casualties  to  the  regiment  not  now  remembered. 

On  the  night  of  the  12th  of  May  the  regiment,  with  the  other  Confederate 
troops,  fell  back  from  Dalton  to  Resaca.  May  13  the  enemy  shelled  the  troops  at 
Resaca  for  several  hours,  employing  a  number  of  pieces  of  artillery,  but  little  dam- 
age was  done  the  Confederates.  On  May  14  the  Federal  infantry  repeatedly 
charged  the  Confederate  lines,  and  were  as  often  repulsed.  Tbe  Eleventh  par- 
ticipated in  this  fighting.  For  the  most  part  going  in  dismounted,  they  fought 
as  infantry. 

At  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the  15th  the  battle  opened  briskly  all  along  the 
line,  and  waxed  harder  as  the  day  advanced.  The  enemy  made  repeated  charges 
in  their  effort  to  break  the  Confederate  lines,  but  were  unsuccessful.  The  Con- 
federates held  their  lines  in  the  evening  as  they  did  in  the  morning.  The  Elev- 
enth formed  the  extreme  right  of  the  Confederate  line,  the  left  wing  of  the  regi- 
ment resting  on  the  infantry  and  the  right  wing' resting  on  the  river.  Immedi- 
ately in  front  was  a  level  field  nearly  two  miles  long  and  half  a  mile  wide.  This 
plain  touched  the  river  for  two  mik'S  on  one  side,  and  on  the  opposite  side  was 
skirted  by  a  dense  wood.  In  this  wood  a  fierce  battle  was  raging,  the  Confederate 
lines  slowly  recoiling  before  the  heavy  columns  of  the  enemy.  Across  ihe  field 
we  have  described  the  Federals  had  thrown  a  strong  skirmish  line,  extending  from 
the  woods  to  the  river,  to  guard  their  left  flank.  To  face  this  skirmish  line,  the 
Eleventh  Tennessee  was  posted  as  the  guard  of  the  Confederate  right  flank.  The 
peculiar  position  gave  an  opportunity  for  one  of  the  few  horseback  charges  of  cav- 
alry against  infantry  that  occurred  during  the  war.  The  regiment  charged  the 
Federal  skirmish  line,  broke  through  it,  and  reached  a  point  about  a  mile  in  rear 
of  the  enemy's  line  of  battle.  Re-forming  after  this  rapid  charge,  the  regiment 
was  on  the  point  of  charging  the  Federal  batteries  thus  taken  in  rear  and  almost 
unprotected  by  contiguous  infantry  support,  when  it  was  discovered  that  a  strong 
column  of  Federal  infantry  was  moving  across  the  field  through  which  they  had 
just  charged.  This  movement,  if  suffered  to  proceed  to  completion,  would  cut  off 
their  only  means  of  egress.     The  line  was  rapidly  wheeled  to  face  this  new  emer- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


'03 


gency.  At  the  same  moment  three  batteries  of  the  enemy,  recovering  from  their 
astonishment,  turned  a  fierce  and  converging  fire  upon  the  intruders,  now  drawn 
up  in  plain  view  upon  the  open  field.  Xo  time  was  to  be  lost.  Moving  rapidly, 
as  if  to  charge  the  line  of  infantry  forming  to  bar  their  egress,  the  regiment,  when 
nearly  upon  them,  changed  its  course  to  the  river,  and  from  this  point  opened  fire 
on  the  enemy's  flank.  Ik-low  the  level  of  the  battle-field,  and  along  the  margin 
of  the  river,  lay  a  narrow  and  slippery  pathway,  which  seemed  hardly  practicable 
for  horsemen.  Along  this  path,  protected  by  the  overhanging  bank,  the  regiment 
in  single  file  found  its  precarious  exit.  A  portion  of  the  regiment  faced  the  ene- 
my and  threatened  to  charge,  while  the  remainder  escaped  unseen.  Before  the 
rear  could  effect  a  retreat  the  enemy  discovered  the  stratagem,  and  pressed  heav- 
ily upon  the  retreating  column.  Nothing  remained  but  pell-mell  and  precipitate 
flight.  In  single  file  at  full  speed  they  dashed  along  the  narrow  path,  while  the 
Federal  infantry  rashed  to  the  bank  and  opened  a  furious  fire.  The  projecting 
bank,  and  willow-bushes,  and  the  rough  ground,  gave  some  shelter,  however,  and 
the  rapidity  of  the  movement  confuse'!  the  enemy.  The  regiment  emerged  out 
of  breath,  bespattered  and  disordered,  but  with  a  loss  not  exceeding  five  men. 
The  effect  of  this  charge  was  to  break  the  advance  of  the  entire  left  wing  of  the 
Federal  army,  and  to  relieve  the  pressure  on  the  Confederate  right. 

On  the  night  of  the  loth  of  May  Gen.  Johnston's  army  fell  back  in  the  direc- 
tion of  Calhoun,  Ga.  On  the  16th  there  was  a  good  deal  of  skirmishing  but  no 
hard  fighting.  The  army  fell  back  during  the  night  to  the  vicinity  of  Adairsville. 
On  the  17th  there  was  a  general  engagement  all  along  the  line,  in  which  Cheat- 
ham's division  suffered.  On  the  night  of  the  17th.  the  entire  army  retreated  to 
the  vicinity  of  Cassville  and  Kingston,  where  on  the  16th  it  remained  skirmish- 
ing and  fighting.  On  the  morning  of  the  19th,  at  Cassville,  Gen.  Johnston  issued 
his  battle  order.  The  spirit  of  the  Confederate  troops  was  never  better,  and  they 
confidently  expected  an  immediate  and  decisive  battle.  Never  did  troops  exhibit 
in  a  more  marked  degree  the  firm  resolve  to  conquer  or  to  die.  From  lip  to  lip 
passed  the  words,  "Now  old  Joe  has  got  them  where  he  wants  them!" 

About  3  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  Federal  advance  pressed  heavily  the  Con- 
federate right  and  center.  The  Eleventh,  with  the  remainder  of  the  brigade  and 
some  other  cavalry,  contested  the  advance,  but  were  pressed  back  by  superior  and 
overlapping  numbers  till  the  Confederate  infantry  lines  were  reached,  when  a 
sharp  engagement  occurred.  The  Federals  were  repulsed,  but  a  most  terrific  artil- 
lery duel  en>ued,  lasting  some  two  or  three  hours.  The  Federal  artillery  appeared 
to  have  the  advantage  in  position.  At  any  rate,  their  artillery  was  served  with 
marked  precision  and  effect.  The  belief  rapidly  gained  ground  that  the  position 
of  the  Confederate  right,  occupied  in  the  main  by  Hood's  corps,  was  untenable. 
For  some  reason  Gen.  Johnston  changed  his  plans,  and  during  the  night  the  Con- 
federate troops  fell  back  to  Cartersville  and  Allatoona.  The  Eleventh  and  the 
remainder  of  the  brigade  were  actively  engaged  in  protecting  the  rear  of  the  re- 
treating army  and  watching  the  Federal  advance,  participating  in  the  fighting 
incident  to  such  service. 

On  the  night  of  the  23d,  about  midnight,  while  encamped  at  i>i<x  Island  Ford, 
on  the  Etowah  River,  the  Eleventh,  with  a  considerable  force  of  other  cavalry, 
under  Gen.  Armstrong,  moved  around  Sherman's  left,  and  passed  to  his  rear 
reaching  Cassville  about  10  o'clock  in  the  morning.     The  surpri>e  was  complete. 


70-1 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Some  infantry  and  a  considerable  force  of  cavalry  were  routed.  A  number  of 
prisoners,  over  a  hundred  wagons  and  teams,  and  a  quantity  of  quartermaster 
commissary,  and  sutlers'  stores  were  taken.  Some  of  the  wagons  and  stores  were 
destroyed,  but  most  of  them  were  brought  away  in  safety  and  turned  over  for  the 
use  of  the  Confederate  army.  Nearly  every  soldier  brought  a  trophy  witli  him. 
Taking  the  Canton  road,  the  command,  after  traveling  east  about  twenty  miles, 
was  overtaken  by  a  severe  rain-storm,  compelling  it  to  encamp  near  Steel's  bridge 
for  the  remainder  of  the  night.  In  the  meantime  Johnston's  army  had  fallen 
back  to  Acworth,  Ga.,  to  which  point  the  Eleventh,  with  the  remainder  of  the 
raiding  cavalry,  moved  on  the  25th. 

Sherman  had  sent  a  heavy  column  in  the  direction  of  Dallas,  the  county  seat 
of  Paulding  county,  with  the  evident  intent  of  turning  the  Confederate  left.  This 
morement  was  promptly  met  by  counter-movements  of  the  Confederate  troops. 
Dibrell's  brigade,  aud  a  large  part  of  the  other  cavalry,  at  once  mov«ed  hurriedly 
to  the  point  of  attack.  The  Eleventh  participated  actively  in  the  fighting  on  the 
Confederate  left  for  several  days.  Here  occurred  some  of  the  hardest  fighting  of 
the  war.  On  the  27th  Cleburne's  division  repulsed  a  furious  assault,  with  heavy 
loss  to  the  enemy.  At  night  this  noble  division,  supported  by  the  cavalry,  made 
a  gallant  charge  on  the  enemy,  killing  a  great  number  and  capturing  two  hundred 
and  fifty  prisoners. 

The  skirmishing  along  the  entire  line  on  May  28  and  29  was  almost  without 
intermission.  On  the  night  of  the  29th,  it  being  Sunday,  the  Federals  made  a 
determined  assault  all  along  the  Confederate  lines,  but  were  repulsed  with  con- 
siderable loss.  On  the  31st,  in  a  charge  on  the  enemy,  private  C.  Buford,  of  Gor- 
don's company,  was  killed,  and  Capt.  Andrew  K.  Gordon  severely  wounded.  Capt. 
Gordon  was  not  able  for  duty  again,  as  the  writer  has  been  informed,  and  his  com- 
pany was  afterward  commanded,  for  the  most  part,  by  Lieut.  J.  M.  Edmondson, 
a  brave  and  efficient  officer.  The  company,  or  details  from  it,  were  frequently 
commanded  by  Lieuts.  Eobt.  Gordon  and  George  Rothrock,  officers  of  great  brav- 
ery and  worth. 

Sherman  having  signally  failed  in  the  effort  to  turn  the  Confederate  left,  had 
evidently  changed  his  tactics,  as  indicated  by  the  movement  to  the  Confederate 
right.  Again  the  Confederate  troops  moved  to  the  right.  As  early  as  the  2d  of 
June  Bate's  division  moved  toward  Kennesaw.  In  the  meantime  Sherman,  in  his 
effort  to  '"steal  a  march,"  kept  up  a  show  of  advancing,  and  constantly  menaced 
the  Confederate  left,  making  the  services  of  the  cavalry  in  that  direction  indis- 
pensable till  about  the  3d  or  4th  of  June,  when  Dibrell's  brigade,  with  other  cav- 
alry, was  ordered  to  the  vicinity  of  Kennesaw.  Here  the  Eleventh  participated 
in  the  skirmishing  and  performed  its  part  of  the  picket  duty  till  June  13,  when 
Col.  Holman  was  ordered  to  report,  with  his  regiment,  to  Gen.  Joseph  E.  John- 
ston, at  Atlanta,  Ga.,  for  any  service  the  General  of  the  army  mi^ht  have  for  it 
to  perform. 

The  constant  strain  on  the  men  and  horses  night  and  day  for  the  last  fortv  days 
had  well-nigh  exhausted  both.  The  much-needed  rest  for  the  next  month,  while 
the  army  was  intrenched  at  Atlanta,  was  in  some  measure  afforded.  The  change 
of  service,  though  none  the  less  onerous,  aflbrded  the  command  more  of  rest  and 
sleep.  The  city  of  Atlanta  was  policed  by  details  from  the  regiment  during  the 
stay  of  the  army  at  that  place.     Besides,  details  were  made  for  couriers,  scouts, 


Kegimextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


'05 


pickets,  and  almost  every  duty  incident  to  the  army.  Occasionally,  when  emer- 
gencies required,  such  of  the  command  as  was  not  engaged  in  other  service  was 
sent  to  the  front  to  assist  in  repelling  an  assault  or  strengthen  a  weak  point  in  the 
line.  The  regiment  cherished  the  most  unbounded  confidence  in  and  esteem  i'.)r 
Gen.  Johnston.  The  better  the  men  knew  him  the  more  they  loved  and  admired 
him.  While  he  was  always  respectful  and  just  to  the  officers,  he  seemed  to  lie 
most  watchful  of  and  careful  for  the  rights  and  comfort  of  the  private  soldiers. 
His  unexpected  removal  was  a  severe  shock.  Sadness  akin  to  despair  was  depict- 
ed on  the  faces  of  the  men,  and  many  of  them  wept  freely. 

When  Gen.  Hood  took  command  of  the  army  he  retained  the  regiment  for  spe- 
cial service.  Sherman  continued  his  course  southward  through  the  heart  of  the 
Confederacy,  while  Plood  about-faced,  and  went  northward  to  interrupt  Sherman's 
communications  and  destroy  his  base  of  supplies.  A  number  of  prisoners  were 
captured,  among  them  the  Forty-fourth  U.  S.  Colored  Troops,  all  the  officers  of 
which  were  white  men.  These,  with  other  Federal  prisoners,  were  turned  over 
to  the  Eleventh  to  be  guarded  and  carried  to  West  Point.  Ga.,  a  considerable  dis- 
tance, for  exchange.  The  officers  of  this  colored  regiment  were  at  first  greatly 
alarmed  for  their  personal  safety,  knowing  the  feeling  among  Southern  soldiers 
toward  colored  troops.  They  soon  became  assured  of  their  safety,  and  when  de- 
livered over  to  the  Federal  authorities  under  a  flag  of  truce,  expressed  their  grat- 
itude for  the  kind  treatment  they  had  received,  each  warmly  shaking  the  hands 
of  the  officers  of  the  regiment,  and  pronouncing,  as  they  took  their  departure, 
benedictions  on  its  officers  and  men. 

The  regiment  became  separated  from  the  brigade  at  Atlanta,  and  was  not  able 
to  be  with  it  again  during  the  war.  It  was  temporarily  assigned  to  Bell's  brigade, 
Jackson's  division,  under  Gen.  Forrest;  came  into  Tennessee  on  the  Hood  cam- 
paign, and  in  the  latter  part  of  December,  1SG-4,  returned  south  of  the  Tennessee 
River  with  the  remnant  of  Hood's  army.  After  the  separation  of  the  regiment 
from  the  brigade  Col.  Dibrell  was  made  Brigadier-general  of  the  brigade.  Tins 
promotion  was  well  merited,  and  met  the  hearty  approval  of  the  entire  brigade. 

On  the  11th  of  July,  18G4,  at  Atlanta,  Gen.  Jos.  E.  Johnston  sent  Capt.  C.  Cof- 
fee to  Middle  Tennessee  on  a  scout  with  a  portion  of  his  company.  He  crossed 
the  Tennessee  River  at  Muscle  Shoals,  passed  through  Giles,  Marshall,  Bedford, 
and  Coffee  counties  into  Warren  county,  Tennessee.  At  that  time  the  Federals 
held  undisputed  possession  of  Middle  Tennessee,  and  he  ran  many  narrow  risks 
of  capture,  several  of  his  men  being  wounded  and  captured.  He  added  forty-six 
new  recruits  to  his  company  in  a  short  time,  and  assisted  in  driving  the  Federal 
troops  from  McMinnville,  Tenn.,  the  home  of  a  number  of  his  men.  His  only 
way  of  escape  was  through  East  Tennessee  and  by  way  of  Saltville,  Va.  He  par- 
ticipated in  the  fight  at  Saltville  against  the  Federal  troops  under  command  of 
Gen.  Burbridge,  passed  on  as  rapidly  as  possible  with  his  company  through  Xorth 
Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  Georgia,  to  join  his  regiment.  The  regiment  hav- 
ing moved  into  Tennessee  with  Hood's  army,  he  was  ordered  to  remain  with  I>ib- 
rell's  brigade  to  assist  in  resisting  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea.  He  participated 
in  the  fighting  from  Macon  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  about  eighteen  days,  drawing  tor 
his  company  within  this  period  only  one  day's  rations  of  bread.  Christmas-day, 
1864,  was  spent  in  the  vicinity  pC Savannah  without  a  mouthful  to  eat  This  com- 
pany fought  the  enemy  at  every  lagoon,  swamp,  and  river  between  Savannah,  Ga., 
4o 


700  Military-  Axn-als  oif  Tennessee, 

— _ . — . , 

and  Columbia,  S.  C,  and  skirmished  with  them  from  Columbia  to  Fayetteville,  X. 

C,  at  •which  place  it  fought  Gen.  Ki'patrick's  command,  assisting  in  the  capture 
of  five  hundred  prisoners  and  the  recapture  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  Confeder- 
ates who  had  been  captured  by  the  Federals.  It  participated  in  the  lighting  at 
Bentonville,  X.  C,  fell  back  to  Raleigh,  X.  C,  and  had  its  last  fight  at  Beulah- 
ville,  X.  C.,  where  it  performed  important  service  in  holding  a  large  command  of 
Federals  in  cheek.  Having  again  fallen  back  to  Raleigh,  X.  C,  Capt.  Coffee,  with 
his  company,  was  ordered  to  escort  President  .Jefferson  Davis  from  Greensboro, 
X.  C,  to  Cokesbury,  S.  C.  On  reaching  Cokesbury  President  Davis  requested  that 
Coffee's  company  continue  with  him  to  the  Savannah  River,  which  it  did,  and  sur- 
rendered at  Washington,  Ga.,  May  11,  1605.  Fifty-three  men  and  officers  received 
their  paroles. 

A  few  of  Coffee'^  men  failed  to  accompany  him  on  the  scout  to  Middle  Tennes- 
see in  July,  1S04,  and  remained  with  the  regiment  till  after  the  surrender.  These 
.  men  were  assigned  to  Capt.  J.  M.  Rust's  (formerly  Brewster's)  company,  with 
which  they  remained  till  the  close  of  the  war.  While  these  men  were  deprived 
of  their  old  company  eomn-sander  and  separated  from  their  old  comrades-in-arms, 
they  were  fortunate  indeed  in  being  assigned  to  the  command  of  so  true  and  faith- 
ful an  ofiieer  as  Capt.  Rust  and  to  the  companionship  of  such  brave  and  noble 
soldiers  as  constituted  his  company. 

The  following  were  the  losses  of  Coffee's  company  during  the  war,  to  wit:  Sick- 
ened and  died,  three;  killed  in  battle,  seventeen;  wounded  in  battle,  twenty-nine; 
captured  in  battle,  eleven;  other  causes,  thirty-seven;  making  a  total  loss  of  ninety- 
seven  men. 

The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  killed: 

Private  Joseph  Couch,  killed  near  La  Vergne,  Term.,  December  27,  1S62. 

Private  James  Fuston,  mortally  wounded  near  asylum,  Davidson  county,  Teun., 
January  3,  1S63,  and  died  January  10,  lStiS. 

Private Davis,  killed  in  battle  at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  April,  1SG3. 

Private  Oliver  E.  Hendrix,  killed  in  the  advance  on  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  after 
the  battle  of  Chickaruauga,  September  23,  1S63. 

Private  Arthur  Mercer,  killed  on  scout  in  White  county,  Tenn.,  December, 
1863. 

Private  W.  E.  Xiblett,  killed  on  scout  in  White  county,  Tenn.,  December,  1863. 

Private  Miles  Bonnet,  killed  on  scf»ut  near  McMinnville,  Tenn.,  December, 
1803. 

Private  Wyatt  Humble,  killed  on  scout  near  McMinnville,  Tenn.,  December, 
1863. 

Private  George  Hennessee,  killed  on  scout  near  McMinnville,  Tenn.,  December, 
*  1863.       • 

From  the  beginning  of  the  "Hood  campaign"  till  the  close  of  the  war  the 
regiment  was  under  command  of  Gen.  Forrest  as  a  part  of  Bell's  brigade,  Jack- 
son's division.  The  companies  of  the  regiment,  being  all  from  Middle  Tennessee, 
were  nearly  all  detailed  by  Gen.  iI<Tod  on  the  campaign  for  important  and  in 
many  instances  delicate  service.  Their  knowledge  of  the  country  and  acquaint- 
ance with  the  people  made  their  services  on  tins  campaign  particularly  valuable. 
Space  is  not  hero  afforded  to  set  forth  in  detail  the  many  heroic  acts  of  these  brave 
and  patriotic  men,  sent  forth  as  individuals,  as  squads,  as  companies,  and  squad- 


Regimental  Histobles  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


'07 


rons  to  execute  the  orders  of  their  superior  officers.  Once  more  on  the  soil  of 
their  dear  old  Middle  Tennessee,  after  a  long  and  trying  exile  from  home,  kin- 
dred, and  friends — hoping  that  victory  would  perch  on  their  banners,  and  that  the 

cruel  war  would  soon  be  over — their  enthusiasm  and  daring  knew  no  bounds. 
They  had  hearts  for  any  fate,  and  it  is  no  exaggeration  to  say  that  their  services, 
so  efficiently  performed,  were  invaluable  to  the  army. 

The  regiment  returned  with  the  remnant  of  Hood's  army  south  of  the  Tennes- 
see River  about  the  last  of  December,  1SG4;  fought  and  repulsed  the  Federal 
cavalry  near  Leighton,  Ala.,  in  January,  1865;  camped  in  the  vicinity  of  West 
Point  and  Verona,  Miss.,  during  the  months  of  February  and  March,  1865.  About 
the  last  of  March,  as  a  portion  of  Jackson's  division,  it  was  sent  to  meet  the  Wil- 
son raid,  which  penetrated  the  State  of  Alabama  and  captured  Selma.  The  regi- 
ment did  not  reach  Selma  in  time  to  participate  in  the  lighting  there,  but  on  the 
2d  of  April,  as  a  part  of  Jackson's  division,  met  and  handsomely  drove  McCook's 
division,  killing,  wounding,  and  capturing  a  number  of  the  enemy.  This  was  the 
last  engagement  in  which  the  regiment  participated. 

At  West  Point,  Miss.,  in  February,  LSG-3,  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Tennessee 
Cavalry  were  consolidated,  Col.  Ilolman,  of  the  Eleventh,  being  assigned  to  the 
command.  Lieut.-col.  Win.  E.  Demoss  having  been  previously  captured,  Mai. 
John  Minor,  of  the  Tenth,  was  the  only  iield  officer  at  the  time  with  that  regi- 
ment, and  he  retained  the  same  position  in  the  consolidated  regiment.  At  the 
same  time  Capt.  W.  It.  Garrett,  who  had  formerly  served  as  the  Adjutant  of  the 
regiment,  was  promoted  to  the  Captaincy  of  Swaim's  company.  Lieut.  J.  M. 
Nevils  had  previously,  for  the  most  part,  commanded  the  company.  He  was 
faithful,  brave,  and  true.  The  promotion  of  Capt.  Garrett  to  the  Captaincy  of 
this  company  was  most  richly  deserved  and  truly  Avon,  and  was  but  a  feeble  rec- 
ognition o^'  his  merits  as  a  soldier  and  a  man.  A  native  of  Virginia,  he  served 
with  distinction  the  rirst  twelve  months  of  the  war  as  Captain  of  artillery  in  -the 
Army  of  Virginia.  In  their  official  reports  of  the  'battle  near  Williamsburg, 
Va.,  May  -5,  1SG2,  both  Gens.  Longstreet  and  Stuart  allude,  in  terms  of  commen- 
dation, to  his  efficiency  as  an  officer.  Referring  to  him  and  his  battery  of  four 
guns,  Gen.  J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  in  his  report,  says:  "I  will  here  pay  a  merited  tribute 
to  the  excellence  of  the  execution  done  by  them,  commanded  by  Capt.  W.  Rob- 
ertson Garrett,  who,  notwithstanding  the  hailstorm  of  bullets  and  shells,  kept  up 
an  accurate  and  incessant  fire  upon  the  enemy's  battery  until  it  was  silenced,  and 
then  upon  his  line  after  the  brigades  of  infantry  in  the  woods  to  the  right  had 
driven  the  enemy  to  the  edge  of  the  woods  near  the  Telegraph  road.  .  .  The 
artillery  thus  gave  most  essential  aid  to  our  infantry  in  their  advance  of  triumph 
over  ever}-  position  the  enemy  took,  until  he  was  entirely  routed."  A  gentleman 
of  ability,  culture,  and  intelligence,  always  loyal  to  principle,  brave  in  action,  and 
faithful  in  the  discharge  of  duty,  his  services  to  the  regiment  had  been  invaluable, 
and  won  for  him  the  unbounded  confidence  and  esteem  not  only  of  the  regiment, 
but  of  all  who  knew  him. 

In  the  space  here  allotted  it  is  not  possible  to  give  the  achievements  of  each  of 
the  companies  while  on  detached  service  during  the  war.  While  each  has  a  his- 
tory identified  with  the  regiment  as  heretofore  given,  at  the  same  time  each  has 
a  distinctive  history  in  a  measure  separate  from  it,  and  to  which  reference  has  not 
been  made,  except  in  a  few  instances  suggested  by  the  connection.     From  some 


OS  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


of  the  companies  very  meager  reports  have  been  furnished  the  writer,  so  that  in 
a  large  measure  he  has  had  to  rely  on  his  recollection  of  events,  which,  after  the 
lapse  of  twenty  years,  lias  doubtless  failed  to  serve  him  in  many  instances.  The 
rosters,  muster-roils,  orders,  and  reports  were  lost  or  destroyed  by  the  casualties 
of  war.  He  has  derived  much  assistance  from  the  diary  of  John  W.  Jordan,  pri- 
vate in  Capt.  Millers  company,  and  from  brief  reports  made  him  by  Capts.  Mar- 
tin, Coffee,  Garrett,  Perkins,  and  Rivers.  The  writer  believes  that  the  companies 
alike  deserve  equal  credit,  and  if  greater  prominence  has  been  given  some  com- 
panies or  individuals  than  to  others  doubtless  as  meritorious,  it  is  only  because 
more  data  have  been  furnished  by  some  than  others.  For  this  the  writer  cannot 
be  blamed,  since  lie  tried  to  get  from  all  the  companies  alike  full  reports;  besides, 
not  one-half  the  achievements  worthy  of  record  could  be  compressed  in  this  brief 
sketch,  so  that  the  duty  of  selecting  such  as  might  prove  of  most  interest  has  de- 
volved upon  the  writer.  In  the  performance  of  this  duty  he  may  have,  and 
doubtless  has,  made  many  mistakes. 

Martin's  company  Suffered  casualties  as  follows: 

Killed. 

■: 

Second  Lieutenant  A.  S.  Chapman,  killed  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  18G3. 

Private  Hill  Pvoy,  killed  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  1863. 

Private  F.  L.  Swansem,  mortally  wounded  in  a  charge  on  Hillsboro  pike,  nine 
miles  from  Nashville,  March  2-3}  1S63. 

Private  Thomas  Allen,  killed  at  Bainbridge,  Ala.,  in  April,  1863. 

Private  Jerome  B.  Dodson,  killed  at  Mossv  Creek,  East  Tennessee,  December 
27,  1863. 

Private  Edward  H.  Pointer,  killed  on  Lick  Creek,  Hickman  county,  Tenn., 
after  he  had  surrendered,  May  7,  1861. 

Wounded. 

Private  A.  C.  Terrill,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  1863. 

Private  W.  L.  Nicholson,  at  Sand  Mountain,  in  Streight's  raid.  May  1,  1S63. 

Private  W.  J.  Terrill,  near  Triune.  Tenn.,  in  June,  1863. 

Private  James  Boxley,  at  Mossy  Creek,  Tenn.,  December  24,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  Thomas  Banks,  at  Dalton,  Ga.,  May  9,  1864. 

Private  W.  M.  Simmons,  at  Dalton,  Ga.,  May  9,  1864. 

Captured. 
Private  Randall  Giilespie,  at  Mossy  Creek,  East  Tennessee,  December  29,  1863. 
Private  Tyree  Holland,  near  Calhoun,  Ga.,  May  17,  1864. 
Private  Robert  Rogers,  near  Calhoun,  Ga.,  May  17,  1864. 
Private  Thomas  E.  Caperton,  near  Calhoun,  Ga.,  May  17,  1864. 
Private  Morris  L.  Bond,  on  picket  at  Poe's  Cross-roads,  August  21,  1863. 
Private  J.  A.  McGann,  near  Franklin,  Tenn.,  June,  1S63. 
Private  John  Blackburn,  near  Franklin,  Tenn.,  June,  1863. 
Private  R.  G.  Blackburn,  near  Franklin,  Tenn.,  June,  1863. 
Private  John  Murphey,  near  Thompson's  Station,  July,  1864. 

Died. 
Private  Carroll  Sparkman,  near  Parrott.-ville,  East  Tennessee,  March,  1864. 
Private  Win.  L.  Shaw,  near  Columbia,  Tenn.,  February,  1863. 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         709 

Total  killed,  six;  wounded,  six;  captured,  nine;  died,  two;  total  casualties, 
twenty-three. 

Private  Edward  H.  Pointer,  a  young  man  of  intelligence  and  promise,  was 
murdered  by  the  Federal  troops  after  he  had.  surrendered.  They  took  his  own 
pistol  and  shot  him.  Pointer  was  on  detached  service  as  a  scout,  and  was  capt- 
ured at  or  near  the  house  of  Mr.  Bradford,  on  Lick  Creek,  in  Hickman  county, 
Tenn.,  on  the  7th  of  May,  LS'34.  The  company  who  murdered  him  is  said  to 
have  been  commanded  at  the  time  by  one  Captain  or  Lieut.  Creecy. 

Martin's  company  did  much  valuable  special  and  detached  service  which  there 
is  not  space  here  to  recount.  Only  a  few  days  before  the  surrender,  and  ab<  at 
the  last  of  April,  18(55,  Gen.  Forrest  selected  Capt,  Martin,  with  his  company,  to 
perform  a  delicate  and  important  work  connected  with  the  service,  and  of  special 
iuterest  to  Tennesseans.  This  mission,  requiring  a  week  for  its  execution,  was 
performed  in  a  prompt  and  sati.-faetory  manner.  Though  never  having  in  any 
instance  violated  the  usages  of  civilized  warfare,  nor  tolerated  it  in  his  men,  this 
brave  and  noble  officer  was  compelled  to  suffer  the  pain  and  mortification  of  hav- 
ing his  dwelling-house  burned  and  his  wife  and  five  little  children  turned  out-of- 
doors  by  Federal  troops  without  food,  shelter,  or  clothing,  while  he  was  far  away 
in  the  South  with  his  command,  battling  for  what  he  believed  was  the  right. 
This  helpless  family  were  denied  the  privilege  of  saving  from  the  devouring 
flames  a  few  articles  of  necessity,  and  were  relentlessly  driven  out.  Some  of  the 
officers,  be  it  said  to  their  credit,  protested  against  this  outrage  on  civilization,  and 
turned  away  from  the  sickening  sight,  saying  they  would  have  no  lot  or  part  in  it. 
The  name  of  the  officer  directing  this  outrage  is  withheld,  but  can  be  easily 
learned  from  almost  any  person  living  in  the  vicinity  of  Thompson's  Station, 
Tenn.,  near  which  place  the  house  was  burned. 

Lieuts.  P>anks,  Chaney,  and  Critz  were  good  and  true  officers,  and  rendered  Capt. 
Martin  efficient  service  in  tiie  command  of  the  company.  Special  commendation 
is  due  Lieut.  John  M.  Critz  for  his  faithfulness,  bravery,  and  devotion  to  duty. 

Perkins's  Co.  I. 

Capt.  Thomas  F.  Perkins,  jr.,  the  commander  of  this  company,  was  eighteen 
years  old  when  he  entered  the  service  in  June,  1861,  and  had  just  graduated  at 
the  Western  Military  Institute,  at  Nashville.  He  was  active  in  recruiting  for  an 
artillery  company,  of  which  Pichard  Green  was  chosen  Captain  and  himself  First 
Lieutenant.  The  battery  had  six  guns.  Shortly  after  the  organization  of  the 
company  Capt.  Green  died,  and  the  command  devolved  upon  Lieut.  Perkins.  It 
took  conspicuous  part  in  the  first  battle  at  Fort  Donelson,  losing  eight  men  killed 
and  fourteen  wounded.  The  men  and  guns  were  surrendered,  with  the  other  Con- 
federate troops,  at  Fort  Donelson,  but  Capt.  Perkins,  after  three  days  of  impris- 
onment, made  his  escape.  Fie  came  back  to  his  home  in  Williamson  county,  and 
lost  no  time  in  recruiting  and  organizing  an  independent  cavalry  company  of  six- 
ty-five  men.  On  the  day  after  the  organization  of  the  company,  in  July,  lSti'2, 
armed  with  eleven  shot-guns  and  about  as  many  pistols  all  told,  this  company, 
under  command  of  Capt.  Perkins,  at  Brentwood  attacked  a  company  of  Federal 
cavalry  of  eighty  men — guarding  a  foraging-train  of  thirty  wagons,  loaded  with 
corn  and  meat  taken  from  the  citizens  of  that  neighborhood — killed  eight  of  the 
enemy,  captured  the  Captain  ^Garrett )  and  seventeen  of  his  men.     In  this  action 


710 


Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


Lieut.  Kirby  and  three  men  of  Perkins's  company  Mere  wounded..  Perkins's  com- 
pany burned  the  wagons  and  carried  off  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  nudes.  A 
few  days  afterward  Perkins's  company,  on  the  Charlotte  pike  near  Nashville,  sur- 
rounded and  captured  a  Federal  picket  post,  killing-  two  of  the  Federals  and  capt- 
uring seven.     A.  M.  Davidson,  the  pilot,  was  mortally  wounded. 

In  October,  1862,  Perkins's  company,  in  connection  with  Capt.  Hayes  Black- 
burn, burned  the  bridge  across  Big  llarpeth,  below  Franklin,  Term.,  and  on  the 
some  day  attacked  and  defeated  a  large  foraging  party,  guarded  by  about  three 
hundred  infantry,  killing  and  wounding  a  number  of  the  enemy  and  capturing 
one  Major,  two  Captains,  one  Lieutenant,  and  fifteen  men. 

In  the  latter  part  of  June,  1863,  tins  company  attacked  about  two  hundred  of 
the  enemy  on  Col.  John  Overton's  farm,  killed  two,  captured  twenty  whites  and 
about  one  hundred  and  fifty  negroes,  and  about  one  hundred  wagons  and  teams. 
On  the  night  of  the  same  day,  at  Franklin,  a  detachment  of  the  company,  under 
Capt.  Perkins,  captured  a  picket  post,  including  the  Captain  commanding,  a  Ser- 
geant, and  a  Corporal.  « 

In  trying  to  get  South  with  a  number  of  the  wagons  and  prisoners  which  had 
been  taken  in  the  vicinity  of  Nashville  and  Franklin,  the  company  was  overtaken 
about  the  1st  of  July  at  Pulaski,  and  was  forced  to  abandon  the  prisoners  and 
wagons,  losing  seven  men  captured.  It  was  with  difficulty  that  the  company 
reached  the  south  side  of  the  Tennessee  Kiver,  being  so  hard  pressed  by  the  ene- 
my. In  all  the>e  operations  Capt.  Perkins  was  materially  assisted  in  the  com- 
mand by  his  brave  and  dashing  officers,  Lieuts.  John  Bostick,  M.  Kirby,  and  Sol. 
Ilozell." 

In  December,  1803,  while  recruiting  in  Middle  Tennessee  under  orders  from 
Gen.  "Wheeler,  Capt.  Perkins  was  captured;  incarcerated  for  fifteen  days  in  the 
jail  at  Franklin;  came  near  being  hanged  by  the  Federal  authorities  on  the  charge 
of  bush-whacking,  being  mistaken  for  another  man  of  the  same  name;  was  sent 
to  the  penitentiary  at  Nashville,  where  he  was  imprisoned  about  a  week;  was  car- 
ried thence  to  the  military  prison  at  Louisville,  where  lie  remained  four  weeks; 
was  ordered  to  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  as  a  prisoner  of  war;  effected  his  escape  at  Sey- 
mour, Ind.,  and  made  his  way  back  to  Louisville,  where  he  was  again  captured; 
was  then  chained  to  a  thirty-two-pound  ball  and  carried  to  Camp  Chase,  where  he 
remained  two  months;  thence  he  was  taken  to  Fort  Delaware;  again  made  his 
escape  through  a  net-work  of  guards,  and  was  captured  while  ti'ying  to  swim  the 
bay  with  canteens  tied  about  his  body  for  buoys;  was  selected,  with  six  hundred 
other  Confederate  officers,  for  retaliatory  purposes,  and  placed  in  front  of  Forts 
Gregg  and  Wagner,  exposed  for  forty-eight  days  to  the  tire  of  the  Confederate 
guns;  again  attempted  his  escape  by  trying  to  swim  to  the  shore  with  the  aid  of 
a  life-preserver;  drifted  on  an  island,  where,  after  five  days,  he  was  picked  up  in 
a  famished  condition.  In  July,  1864,  he  was  sent  to  Fort  Pulaski,  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Savannah  Biver.  While  on  the  way  he  again  attempted  his  escape  by 
sawing  a  hole  in  the  hull  of  the  ship;  was  detected  and  taken  from  the  ship  and 
placed  in  the  casemate  of  the  fort,  where  he  remained  four  weeks.  With  two  hun- 
dred others  he  was  again  chosen  for  retaliatory  purposes,  carried  to  Hilton  Head, 
and  placed  in  close  confinement:  cut  a  hole  with  his  pocket-knife  through  the 
floor  of  the  cell  and,  with  Gen.  Fowlk,  of  North  Carolina,  made  his  escape;  was 
captured   and    taken    back;    again   escaped    by  putting  on   a  Federal    uniform; 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         711 


was  again  captured;  was  then  placed  in  a  log  cell  four  feet  square,  kept  there 
about  four  weeks,  and  Jed  through  the  cracks,  without  bed-clothing,  and  with  n<> 
room  to  lie  down.  About  this  time  he,  with  others,  was  sent  to  Fortress  Monroe 
fur  exchange.  Out  of  the  two  hundred  prisoners  originally  confined  at  Hilton 
Head  only  about  ninety-six  were  able  to  be  moved,  the  others  being  tither  dead 
or  sick.  On  reaching  Fortress  Monroe,  instead  of  being  exchanged,  he  was  car- 
ried on  to  Fort  Delaware,  where  he  remained  till  the  20th  of  June,  I860,  when 
he  was  released  from  prison,  and  returned  to  his  old  home  in  "Williamson  count}, 
Tenn. 

Perkins's  company,  while  on  detached  service,  killed,  wounded,  and  captured 
about  five  hundred  men  of  the  enemy;  and  lost  in  killed,  wounded,  and  captured 
about  twenty-five  men,  a  list  of  whom,  except  to  a  very  partial  extent,  has  not 
been  furnished  the  writer. 

Gordon's  Co.  E. 

The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  casualties  of  this  company: 

Killed. 

Second  Lieutenant  Henry  Collins,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  lSt33. 

Private  John  T.  Dillahay,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  1863. 

Private  Brant  Tillman,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  1803. 

Private  John  Camper,  near  Moulton,  Ala.,  on  Streight's  raid,  May  1,  1863. 

Private  "VVni.  Ballentine,  at  Chickamauga.  September  20,  1863. 

Wounded. 

Private  John  Kambo,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  1S63. 

Private  Tobe  Malone,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  13G3. 

Private  Thomas  T.  Martin,  at  Fort  Donelson,  February  3,  1863. 

Private  Mirabeau  Gordon,  at  Dandridge,  Tenn.,  January,  1863> 

Private  Claton  Stroud,  near  Dandridge,  Tenn.,  January  29,  1S63. 

Private  James  C.  Pickens,  at  Resaca,  Ga.,  May  13,  1863. 

Private  Wade  Terry,  at  Resaca,  Ga.,  May  13,  IS 63. 

Captain  Andrew  R.  Gordon,  at  New  Hope,  Ga.,  May  31,  1S63. 

Private  C.  Buford,  at  New  Hope,  Ga.,  May  31,  1863. 

The  names  of  the  captured  have  not  been  furnished. 
.  This  company  was  a  splendid  body  of  men,  who  fought  well  and  did  much  spe- 
cial service,  an  account  of  which  has  not  been  furnished  for  this  sketch.  After 
Capt.  Gordon  was  wounded  the  command  of  the  company  devolved  upon  Lieut. 
James  M.  Edmondson,  who  was  always  true  and  faithful.  Lieuts.  Robert  Gordon 
and  George  Rothrock  were  also  excellent  officers — brave  and  true. 

This  company  is  mentioned  by  Capt.  James  Rivers  in  his  report  as  having  be- 
haved with  great  gallantry  on  Streight's  raid,  a  number  of  interesting  incidents 
being  detailed  by  him.  This  company,  in  connection  with  Capt.  Rivers' s  com- 
pany, did  excellent  service  in  holding  the  bridge  across  Town  Creek  against  a  su- 
perior force.     A  number  of  the  enemy  were  killed  and  wounded. 

RrvERsfe  Co.  K. 

The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  casualties  of  this  company: 


712  Military  annals  of  Tennessee. 


Killed. 

Private  Wm,  Gordon,  near  Cornersville,  Tenn.,  December,  1862. 

Orderly  Sergeant  Wm.  McNairy,  near  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  September  23, 1SG3. 

Private  James  Newton  Paisley,  at  L'nitia,  Tenn.,  November  1,  1S63. 

Others  were  killed,  and  a  number  wounded  and  captured,  but  their  names  have 
not  been  furnished  the  writer. 

This  company  did  much  special  service,  and  always  did  its  whole  duty  in  bat- 
tle. Gen.  Forrest  sent  Capt.  Rivers,  in  command  of  his  own  and  Gordcm's  com- 
pany, to  hold  and  prevent  the  crossing  of  a  large  Federal  force  over  Old  Town 
Creek;  al>o  by  a  gallant  charge  this  same  squadron  rescued  from  the  enemy  Capt. 
W.  H.  Forrest,  who  was  badly  wounded  on  Sand  Mountain  during  the  Streight 
raid. 

On  the  12th  of  July,  1863,  Gen.  Bragg  sent  Capt.  Rivers  into  Middle  Tennessee 
with  important  papers.  Gen.  Forrest  selected  him  as  the  most  suitable  man  thai 
could  be  found  for  the  mission,  and  went  with  him  in  person  to  Gen.  Bragg, 
Middle  Tenner-see  was  wholly  in  possession  of  the  enemy.  Capt.  Rivers  per- 
formed the  prescribed  work  satisfactorily,  and  returned  within  a  month,  having 
ridden  in  all  over  eight  hundred  miles  to  make  the  round  trip. 

Garrett^  Co.  B. 
There  were  no  better  fighting  men  in  the  regiment  than  this  company  (for- 
merly SwaimYj.  Till  Capt.  Garrett  was  promoted  to  the  Captaincy  and  took 
command  it  was  for  the  most  part  commanded  by  Lieut.  J.  M.  Xevils,  than  whom 
there  was  no  truer  or  better  soldier.  Capt.  Garrett  commanded  it  from  February 
to  May,  1865,  a  period  of  about  three  months.  Capt.  M.  M.  Swaim  was  wounded 
at  Fort  Donelson,  Feb.  3, 1863,  and  was  not  with  the  command  a  great  deal  after- 
ward.  There  were  a  number  of  casualties  to  the  company,  but  a  list  of  them 
has  not  been  furnished. 

Miller's  Co.  C. 

The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  losses  of  this  company: 

Killed. 
Private  Eohraim  Sheffield,  at  Dandridge,  Tenn.,  January,  1864. 
Private  Alf.  Snell,  at  Guntersville,  Ala.,  February,  1S65. 
Private  W.  Bruce,  at  Guntersville,  Ala.,  February,  1S65. 

Wounded. 
Private  John  Bailey,  at  Thompson's  Station,  Tenn.,  April,  1S63. 
Private  A.  B.  Robinson,  near  Acworth,  Ga.,  May  28,  1364. 
Private  A.  J.  Cole,  near  Acworth,  Ga.,  Mav  28,  1864 

Captured. 

Privates  J.  Z.  B.  Hunter,  J.  C.  Williams,  Robert  Bailey,  Jos.  Billington,  Ed- 
ward Royster,  John  Bruce,  W.  S.  Fisher,  Wesley  Williamson,  Enoch  Kelley, 
Dade  Smith.,  Sergt.  P.  M.  W.  McConnell,  Lieut.  Wm.  W.  Braden,  Lieut.  Frank 
Rainey,  and  two  others  whose  names  are  not  remembered,  at  Middleton,  Tenn. 
Jan.  31,  1863. 

Private  Whit.  Random,  on  Sand  Mountain,  on  Streight  raid,  May  1,  1S63. 

Private  John  A.  Taylor,  near  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  August,  1863. 


Regimental  Histoetes  and  Memorial  Rolls.        713 


Privates  Joseph  Bugg  and  Frank  Williamson,  at  Mossy  Creek.  Tenn.,  Dec  29, 
1863. 

Privates  Thos.  Boyd,  Hex.  Drumright,  Wm.  King,  Elias  King,  and  Thomas 
AppersoBj  at  Morganton,  Tenn.,  Dee.  20,  1863. 

Xo  truer  patriot  fought  under  the  Stars  and  Pars  than  Capt.  Miller,  He  was  nn 
old  man— some  sixty  years  of  age.  lie  had  served  as  Colonel  of  the  .Seventeenth 
Tennessee  Infantry  the  first  year  of  the  war.  Ordinarily  this  would  have  suffice*! 
a  man  of  his  age.  Not  so  with  Capt.  Miller.  He  felt  it  to  be  his  duty  to  fight 
till  the  last,  and  he  surrendered  his  company  on  the  11th  day  of  May,  I860,  when 
the  war  was  over.  No  danger  was  so  great  or  hardship  so  trying  as  to  daunt  this 
patriot  of  lion  heart,  and  right  faithfully  did  his  company  follow  him.  This  com- 
pany, it  may  be  safely  stated,  performed  services  inferior  to  none  in  bravery  and 
efficiency. 

Rust's  Co.  L. 

No  list  of  casualties  lias  been  furnished  from  this  company  (formerly  Brew- 
ster's). The  loss  in  killed,  wounded,  and  captured  was  heavy.  The  men  of  this 
company  were  brave  and  faithful.  Lieut.  Past  was  an  excellent  officer,  and  al- 
ways at  his  post.  Too  much  could  not  be  said  in  his  praise.  Lieut.  J.  P.  Wood, 
a  good  officer,  assisted  in  the  command.  The  other  officers  named  in  the  roster 
were  not  long  with  the  command. 

Lytle's  Co.  D. 
The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  casualties  to  this  company : 

Killed. 
Private  James  (Buck)  Smith,  near  Dalton,  Ga.,  May,  1864. 
Private  Thos.  King  (scout),  Guntersville,  Ala.,  December,  1863. 
Private  Eldridge  Smotherman  (scout),  Guntersville,  Ala. 

Wounded. 

Private  A.  J.  Baugh,  at  Adairsville,  Ga.,  May,  1S64. 

Captured. 

Privates  Frank  Turner,  James  Smotherman,  Alonzo  McClain,  near  Fosterville. 
Tenn.,  on  the  Hood  campaign.  They  were  condemned  to  be  shot  by  the  Federal 
General  Vancleave,  commanding  at  Murfreesboro;  were  taken  to  the  place  of 
execution,  when  Gen.  Rosecrans  countermanded  the  order,  and  they  were  re- 
manded to  prison.     Smotherman  died  in  prison. 

Capt.  Lytle  was  not  much  with  the  company,  on  account  of  sickness.  Capt. 
Cooney  and  Lieuts.  I.  H,  Butler  and  N.  P.  Marable  were  brave,  faithful,  and  efii- 
cient.  There  were  no  braver  or  more  patriotic  men  in  the  service  than  this  com- 
pany. It  performed  much  valuable  detached  service,  and  it  is  regretted  that  an 
account  of  such  service  has  not  been  furnished.  It  is  remembered  that  private 
James  (Buck)  Smith  was  killed  in  battle  in  front  of  Dalton,  Ga.,  May  9.  1863,  and 
that  its  aggregate  of  losses  in  killed,  wounded,  and  captured  was  perhaps  as  great 
as  any  other  company  in  the  regiment. 

Situated  as  was  the  Confederate  cavalry— for  long  periods  without  a  base  of  sup- 
plies— keeping  it  in  supplies  was  an  Herculean  task,  requiring  antiring  energy, 
constant  watchfulness,  and  ceaseless  labor.     It  would  be  improper  to  cluse  this 


7T±  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


sketch  without  special  mention  of  Sergt.  R.  Pitts  Brown,  of  Capt.  James  Rivera's 
company,  in  the  ordnance  department;  Sergt.  C.  S.  Williamson,  of  Capt.  J.  T. 
Martin's  company,  privates  John  W.  Jordan  and  Joe  Brittain,  of  Capt.  T.  C.  IT. 
Miller's  company,  in  the  quartermaster's  department;  Sergt.  Joseph  L.  Bangh,  of 
Capt.  Lytle's  company,  and  John  Clint  Johnson,  of  Capt.  Andrew  R.  Gordon's 
company,  in  the  commissary  department.  The  regiment  was  often  compelled  to 
subsist  for  months  at  a  time  on  the  country  through  which  it  passed  or  in  which 
it  was  encamped.  It  is  difficult  to  appreciate  the  magnitude  of  the  labors  per- 
formed by  these  noble  men  in  providing  food  for  man  and  beast.    Often  they  were 


compelled  to  divide  with  the  citizen  the  little  pittance  left  him.     It  was  alway 


done,  however,  without  harshness  or  cruelty,  and  by  their  kindness  and  courtesy 
they  did  much  to  mitigate  the  hardships  which  they  were  compelled  to  inflict  on 
the  people;  and  they  won  the  esteem  and  confidence  of  the  citizens  wherever  it 
was  the  fortune  of  the  command  to  be  cast.  In  the  quartermaster's  department 
privates  Burke  Bond  and  Coge  Alexander,  of  Capt.  Martin's  company,  from  time 
to  time  rendered  valuable  assistance.  Private  Burke  Bond,  in  the  absence  of  Ad- 
jutant Garrett,  frequently  acted  as  Adjutant  of  the  regiment,  lie  had  the  capac- 
ity to  fill  well  any  position  in  the  regiment,  and  was  always  ready  to  perform 
cheerfully  any  duty  assigned  him. 


1 

HOLMAN'S  BATTALION— "PARTISAN  RANGERS." 

This  battalion  was  raised  under  commission  from  J.  P.  Benjamin,  Secretary  of 
War  of  the  Confederate  States,  bearing  date  June  27,  1862,  directed  to  Maj.  D. 
W,  Holnian,  who  had  the  twelve  months  previous  served  in  the  Army  of  .Vir- 
ginia as  Major  of  the  Fir^t  Tennessee  Infantry  (Col.  P.  Turney's  regiment).  The 
battalion  consisted  of  four  companies,  to  wit: 

1.  Captain  Jacob  T.  Martin's  company,  one  hundred  and  forty  men.  Enlisted 
in  Williamson  county,  Tenn.,  in  the  month  of  August,  1SG2. 

2.  Captain  Moses  M.  Swaim's  company,  one  hundred  men.  Enlisted  in  Mar- 
shall county,  Tenn.,  in  the  month  of  August,  18G2. 

5.  Captain  Andrew  R.  Gordon's  company,  one  hundred  and  sixty  men.  En- 
listed in  Giles  county,  Tenn.,  in  the  month  of  September,  1862. 

4.  Captain  James  Rivers's  company,  one  hundred  men.  Enlisted  in  Giles 
county,  Tenn.,  in  the  months  of  September  and  October,  1SG2. 

About  the  middle  of  October,  1SC2,  the  battalion  was  organized,  went  into  camp, 
and  for  about  one  month  was  subjected  to  drill  and  military  discipline  preparatory 
to  active  field  duty.  While  thus  engaged  details  were  called  for  to  assist  in  en- 
forcing the  conscript  law  and  arresting  deserters  from  the  army.  In  arresting  one 
Wm.  Meadows,  a  deserter,  private  Wm.  Gordon,  of  Capt.  Rivers's  company,  was 
killed  near  Cornersville,  Tenn.  Meadows  shot  him  from  a  crack  in  his  house, 
for  which  he  was  tried  by  court-martial  at  Murfreesboro  a  few  days  afterward  and 
shot.  A  few  days  before  the  killing  of  Gordon,  Meadows  had  shot  and  severely 
wounded  private Mai.  ne,  of  Capt.  Gordon's  company. 

About  the  1st  of  December,  1SG2,  Maj.  Holman,  with  his  battalion,  reported  for 
duty  to  Maj. -gen.  Joseph  Wheeler,  in  compliance  with  orders  received  by  him 
from  Maj.-gen.  John  C.  Breckinridge  commanding  at  Murfreesboro.  <  fen.  Wheel- 
er, with  his  command,  was  encamped  in  the  vicinity  of  La  Vergne.     The  battalion 

i 
i 


Begimextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         IV 


was  on  duty  near  La  Vergne  for  two  or  three  weeks,  and  participated  in  several 
skirmishes  between  La  Vergne  and  Nashville. 

About  the  middle  of  December  Gen.  Wheeler  ordered  Maj.  Ilolman,  with  his 
battalion,  to  make  a  reconnoissanee  to  the  enemy's  left.  This  could  not  be  suc- 
cessfully done  except  at  night  and  by  traveling  through  woods  and  unfrequented 
routes.  Procuring  a  guide  familiar  with  the  country,  the  command  moved  with 
rapidity  till  within  a  few  miles  of  the  Federal  camps  at  McWhirtersvilie;  then, 
by  crossing  Stone's  Eiver  where  there  was  no  regular  ford,  and  moving  as  noise- 
lessly as  possible,  about  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  command  passed  between 
a  large  body  of  Federal  infantry  and  cavalry  and  their  pickets,  without  being  sus- 
pected or  giving  alarm.  Passing  near  the  Federal  camps  while  the  Federal  sol- 
diers were  soundly  asleep,  information  as  to  their  strength,  position,  etc.,  was  o(>- 
tained.  Daylight  being  near,  it  was  impossible  for  the  battalion  to  escape  capt- 
ure except  by  recrossing  the  river  at  a  ford  guarded  by  Federal  pickets.  No 
time  was  to  be  lost,  and  the  battalion  moved  promptly  in  the  direction  of  the  pick- 
ets. When  within  a  few  steps  of  them  they  ordered  the  command  to  halt.  They 
were  evidently  puzzled  to  know  the  meaning  of  the  movement,  or  whether  friends 
or  foes  approached,  till  ordered  to  surrender.  They  declined  to  surrender,  but 
opened  lire.  Martin's  company,  which  was  in  front,  responded  with  a  well-di- 
rected fire  from  their  double-barrel  shot-guns.  Some  of  the  pickets  made  their 
escape  through  the  thick  underbrush,  but  the  most  of  them,  with  their  horses, 
were  killed  or  wounded.  One  of  the  Federal  soldiers  fell  mortally  wounded  in 
the  little  fire  by  which  he  was  warming.  The  Confederates  took  him  out  of  the 
fire  and  laid  him  near  his  dead  anil  dying  comrades.  Gathering  up  the  improved 
arms  left  scattered  around,  and  such  horses  as  were  not  killed  or  badly  wounded, 
the  battalion  recrosserl  Stone's  River,  and  moved  briskly  in  the  direction  of  its 
camps  till  out  of  reach  of  the  enemy,  who  had  been  thoroughly  aroused  by  the 
firing,  as  indicated  by  the  sound  of  drums  and  bugles. 

On  the  22d  of  December  Gen.  Wheeler  ordered  Maj.  Holman  to  the  extrene 
Federal  right,  at  and  beyond  Franklin,  to  find  out  as  much  as  possible  as  to  the 
Federal  strength  and  movements.  While  on  this  scout,  and  on  the  25th  of  De- 
cember, the  battalion  encountered  a  large  foraging  party  within  about  eight  or  ten 
miles  of  Nashville  on  the  Nolensville  pike.  Ten  Federals  were  killed,  and  eleven 
prisoners,  five  wagons,  and  a  number  of  mules  captured.  The  casualties  to  the 
battalion  were  only  slight.  The  battalion  returned  to  Murfreesboro  on  the  night 
of  the  29th  of  December,  reaching  there  just  in  time  to  make  the  raid  with  the 
remainder  of  the  cavalry  under  Wheeler  in  the  rear  of  Posecrans's  army.  Tak- 
ing the  Lebanon  turnpike,  the  rear  of  Rosecrans's  army  was  reached  before  day- 
light. Shortly  after  sunup  the  Federals  at  Jefferson,  about  two  thousand  strong^ 
were  encountered.  They  fought  stubbornly  for  about  an  hour,  but  were  compelled 
to  yield.  Here  many  prisoners,  wagons,  mules,  etc.,  were  captured.  La  Vergne 
was  soon  reached,  where  the  enemy  was  in  some  force.  The  Nashville  and  Mur- 
freesboro turnpike  was  full  of  wagons  for  several  miles  carrying  supplies  to  the 
Federal  army,  which  had  passed  on  toward  Murfreesboro.  The  heavy  escorts 
guarding  the  train  at  first  contested  the  capture  of  the  wagons,  but  they  weresonr. 
beaten  and  many  of  them  taken  prisoners.  The  wagons  and  contents  were 
burned.     The  mules  drawing  them  were  taken  loose  and  brought  away  for  the  use 


716 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


of  the  Confederacy.  In  like  manner  wagon-trains  and  prisoners  were  captured  at 
Nolensville  and  Shannon's  Cross-roads. 

On  the  night  of  the  30th  of  December  the  extreme  circuit  of  the  Federal  army 
had  been  made.  But  little  rest  was  taken  on  this  night,  as  none  had  been  on  the 
night  before.  On  the  morning  of  the  31st,  before  day,  Wheeler  hastened  to 
Bragg's  left,  where  the  day  was  spent  in  skirmishing,  and  with  some  casualties  to 
the  command.  The  cavalry  was  again  sent  to  the  Federal  rear,  again  striking 
Roseeran&'s  army  near  La  Vergne,  capturing  many  prisoners  and  destroying  wagons 
and  stores.  .Dr.  Patterson,  a  prominent  citizen  of  Davidson  county,  was  killed, 
and  Maj.  Clarence  Prentice  was  badly  wounded.  There  were  other  casualties  to 
the  Confederates  on  this  raid.  The  cavalry,  after  inflicting  all  the  damage  possi- 
ble to  the  rear  of  the  Federal  army,  returned  to  the  front,  near  Murfreesboro, 
where  the  two  armies  were  still  engaged,  and  participated  in  the  fighting  of  Jan- 
uary 2d.  Ko  rest  or  sleep  was  afforded  the  cavalry  from  Monday  to  Saturday. 
On  Saturday  night  Bragg's  army  fell  back  from  Murfreesboro  toward  Shelbyvilie, 
the  cavalry  covering  the  retreat.  Men  and  horses  were  completely  exhausted. 
The  battalion,  with  a  large  part  of  the  other  Confederate  cavalry,  was  sent  toward 
Manchester.  Tenn.,  to  recruit  and  picket. 

On  the  Stkof  January,  18(53,  Gen.  Wheeler  took  the  main  part  of  his  command, 
including  Ilolman's  battalion,  and  started  for  the  Cumberland  River  below  Nash- 
ville to  harass  the  enemy  and  interrupt  his  communications.  The  disabled  horses 
were  sent  to  Lincoln  county  to  be  recruited.  On  reaching  the  Cumberland  River 
a  detachment  of  the  cavalry,  including  the  battalion,  captured,  a  number  of  pris- 
oners, three  transports,  and  one  gun-boat,  commanded  by  Lieut.  Van  Dorn,  a  rel- 
ative of  the  Confederate  General  Earl  Van  Dorn.  Gen.  "Wheeler  at  once  with- 
drew all  of  his  command  to  other  points,  except  the  battalion,  the  First  Alabama 

Cavalry,  commanded  by  Maj. Hodgson,  and  one  piece   of  light   artillery. 

The  command  was  given  Maj.  Holman  with  instructions  to  harass  the  enemy  as 
much  as  possible  by  impeding  the  navigation  of  the  Cumberland,  by  destroying 
boats  and  stores,  and  capturing  prisoners.  Learning  that  the  Federals  had  a  large 
collection  of  commissary  and  other  stores  a  few  miles  above  and  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Cumberland  River  at  Ashland,  the  county-seat  of  Cheatham  county, 
it  was  determined  to  destroy  them  at  all  hazards.  The  stores  were  guarded  by  a 
hundred  or  more  of  Federal  cavalry.  There  was  no  way  to  cross  the  river  but  by 
fording  and  swimming  it.  Maj.  Holman  called  for  volunteers  to  go  with  him  on 
this  expedition.  Forty  men  out  of  the  two  commands,  including  Maj.  Hodgson, 
promptly  responded.  The  crossing  of  the  river  was  perilous,  but  all  reached  the 
opposite  shore  in  safety.  Dashing  into  the  village  of  Ashland  at  full  speed,  the 
Federals,  supposing  this  squad  of  Confederates  to  be  the  advance  of  a  large  com- 
mand, fled  from  the  place  in  disorder.  After  several  hours  hard  work,  during 
which  time  the  rain  poured  down  in  torrents,  this  little  squad  destroyed  by  burn- 
ing and  throwing  into  the  river  a  very  large  quantity  of  stores,  which  would  have 
been  duly  appreciated  by  the  stinted  Confederates  if  it  had  been  possible  to  get 
them  across  the  river.  The  river  was  rising,  and  on  recrossing  it  late  in  the  even- 
ing several  of  the  men  were  carried  down  the  stream  by  the  strong  current,  and 
were  almost  drowned.  It  grew  cold  rapidly,  and  the  rain  turned  into  sleet 
and  snow.  The  men  were  thoroughly  wet.  All  suffered,  and  many  of  them  came 
near  freezing  to  death.     After  traveling  several  miles  in  the  darkness  and  snow, 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        717 


the  command  was  forced  to  camp  and  build  fires.  The  remainder  of  the  nipht 
was  spent  in  hovering  over  the  fires  and  drying  wet  clothing. 

About  the  17th  of  January  the  battalion  destroyed  the  steam-boat  "Mary 
Crane,"  heavily  laden  with  stores,  one  item  being  seventy-five  barrels  of  parched 
cotiee.  The  ''boys  in  gray"  were  truly  grieved  to  see  this  genuine  coffee  licked  up 
by  the  devouring  flames.  Two  or  three  days  later  another  gun-boat  was  crippled 
by  the  small  piece  of  artillery  which  accompanied  the  battalion.  A  number  of 
engagements  were  had,  the  enemy  turning  on  the  command  in  many  instances  the 
artillery  of  several  gun-boats,  which  kept  watch  and  guarded  the  river.  During 
the  three  weeks  the  battalion  patrolled  the  Cumberland  from  the  vicinity  of  Nash- 
ville to  a  point  below  Clarksville.  A  number  of  prisoners  were  captured.  There 
was  no  way  to  take  care  of  them — the  battalion  having  enough  to  do  to  take  care  of 
itself — and  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  turn  them  loose  on  taking  "the  oath  to  bear 
true  faith  and  allegiance  to  the  Confederate  States  of  America,"  etc.  The  prison- 
ers were  not  slow  in  availing  themselves  of  this  opportunity  to  show  their  alle- 
giance to  the  Confederacy;  indeed,  they  seemed  glad  to  be  able  to  ''return  the 
compliment,"  and,  while  some  doubts  were  at  the  time  entertained  as  to  whether 
the  "boys  in  blue"  would  strictly  observe  this  iron-clad  oath,  it  is  proper  to  state 
that  not  a  single  instance  of  its  violation  was  ever  reported  to  those  head-quarters. 

About  the  1st  of  February,  1863,  Maj.  Ho'lmaii  received  orders  from  Gen. 
Wheeler  to  join  him  on  his  route  to  Dover,  Tenn.,  on  the  Cumberland  Eiver. 
Through  Capt.  Rivers  and  other  reliable  scouts  sent  from  the  battalion  informa- 
tion of  the  Federal  force  at  Dover  had  been  obtained,  and  was  promptly  communi- 
cated to  Gens.  Wheeler  and  Forrest.  Dover  was  reached  on  the  evening  of  the 
3d  of  February,  after  a  hard  march  over  bad  roads  through  the  cold.  The  garri- 
son was  attacked  by  the  combined  forces  of  Wheeler  and  Forrest,  first  on  horse- 
back and  then  on  foot.  The  battalion  occupied  a  position  near  the  extreme  right, 
and  lost  in  the  action  twenty-five  men — nine  killed  and  sixteen  wounded.  Among 
the  killed  were  Lieut.  A.  S.  Chapman  and  private  Hill  Roy,  of  Capt.  Martin's 
company,  and  Lieut.  Henry  Collins,  of  Capt.  Gordon's  company.  Private  Roy 
was  at  the  time  acting  as  Orderly  for  Maj.  Holman,  and  fell  in  the  charge  within 
a  few  feet  of  the  Federal  breastworks.  The  men  of  the  entire  command  acted 
with  great  gallantry  in  the  charge  upon  the  enemy's  works.  Maj.  Holman  was 
severely  wounded,  being  shot  through  the  thigh,  and  was  wholly  disabled  from 
the  service  for  about  four  months. 

When  the  battalion  first  went  into  service  it  was  badly  armed  and  equipped. 
Double-barrel  shot-guns — the  most  of  them  of  inferior  quality— for  the  most  part 
constituted  the  armament.  There  were  a  few  smooth-bore  muskets,  and  scarcely 
a  long-range  gun  in  the  command.  Now  nearly  every  man  was  armed  with  an 
improved  long-range  gun  and  good  equipments  taken  from  the  enemy  in  battle. 

On  the  20th  of  February,  1803,  the  battalion,  against  the  wishes  of  even*  man 
composing  it,  was  taken  to  form  a  part  of  the  Eleventh  Tennessee  Cavalry,  and 
from  that  time  till  the  close  of  the  war  its  history  is  identified  with  the  history 
of  that  regiment. 


718  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


I 

BATTALION  ROSTERS. 
Holman's  Battaltois  (Partisan  Rangers). 

The  roster  of  nolman's  Battalion  (partisan  rangers)  at  the  date  of  organization,  Get.  15, 1S02, 

was  as  follows : 

Field  and  Staff. 

Holman,  D.  W.,  Major  commanding.  I  Burner,  A.  M.,  Assistant  Commissar}". 

Bond,  John  P.,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant.  I  Williamson,  C.  S.,  (Quartermaster  Sergeant. 
Cove,  Jesse  D,  Surgeon.  Johnson.  J.  Clint,  Commissary  Sergeant, 

Allen,  Junius,  Assistant  Quartermaster.  Brown,  R.  Pitts,  Ordnance  Sergeant. 

Martin's  Company. 

Martin,  Jacob  T..  Captain.  ,  j  Critz,  Thomas  L.,  Third  Sergeant. 

Banks.  Thomas*  First  Lieutenant.  j  Shaw,  Win.  A.,  Fourth  Sergeant. 

I                                     Chaney,  David  Sv,  Second  Lieutenant.  ;  Lea.  A.  J.,  First  Corporal. 

Chapman,  A.  S.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant.  I  Vv'ut,  James  H.,  Second  Corporal. 

Critz,  John  SJ.,  First  Sergeant.  Parish,  Frank,  Third  Corporal. 

Chaney,  W.  T.,  Second  Sergeant.  '  Allen,  Thomas,  Fourth  Corporal. 

|  Gordon's  Company. 

Gordon,  Andrew  R.,  Captain 


Garrett,  John  A.,  Third  Sergeant. 
Inman,  David  A.,  Fourth  Sergeant. 
Dabney,  George  W.,  First  Corporal. 


McClure,  George  E.,  First  Lieutenant. 
Collins.  Henry,  Second  Lieutenant. 
I  Coliins,  Robert  J.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant.    >  MeMlilon,  Gus.  II.,  Second  Corporal. 

Lewis,  Lee,  First  Sergeant.  ■  Kothrock.  George  W.,  Third  Corporal. 

Gordon,  Robert,  Second  Sergeant.  '  Oliver,  Win.  W.,  Fourth  Corporal. 

Swaim's  Company. 

Swaim,  Moses  M., Captain.  I  Nevils.  John  M.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Ferguson,  James,  First  Lieutenant.  j  Nevils,  Watt,  First  Sergeant. 

Swaim,  James,  Second  Lieutenant.  Wilson,  Robert,  Second  Sergeant. 

Names  of  the  other  non-commissioned  officers  not  remembered. 
I 

Eivers's  Company. 

Rivers,  James.  Captain.  |  Brown,  R.  Pitts,  First  Sergeant. 


Baugn,.Wm.  IL,  First  Lieutenant. 
McNairy,  Robert,  Second  Lieutenant. 
Zucarillo,  Joseph,  Second  Lieutenant. 


Wells,  W.  T.,  Second  Sergeant. 
Frazier,  Robert,  Third  Sergeant. 


Douglass's  Battalion  (Partisan  Rangers). 

Field  and  Staff. 
Douglass,  D.  C  ,  Major  commanding.  I  Schell,  H.  A.,  Surgeon. 

Garrett,  W.  R.,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant.  j  Boude,  Rev.  H.  B..  Chaplain. 

Allen,  John  D.,  Captain  and  Assistant  Quarter-    Cantreli,  Chas.,  Quartermaster  Sergeant, 
master. 

Harvey's  Company. 

Harvey, ,  Captain.  !  Long, ,  First  Lieutenant. 

This  company  was  transferred,  soon  after  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro,  to  a  Kentucky  regi- 
ment 

Perkins's  Company'. 

Pencins,  Thos.  F.,  Captain.  I  Sawyers,  Willis,  First  Serjeant. 

Bostick,  John  C,  First  Lieutenant.  '  Inman.  Reuben,  Second  Sergeant 

Clouston,  Richard,  Second  Lieutenant.  j  Perkins,  W.C.,  Third  Sergeant. 

Kirby,  Malachi.  Junior  Second  Lieutenant.  I  Cannon,  X.  C,  Fourth  Sergeant. 

Carter's  Company. 
Carter,  Nv.han.  Captain. 
This  company  was  transferred  to  MeCana'a  battalion- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


719 


Miller,  Thomas  C.  H.,  Captain. 
Bradeu,  W.  W.,  First  Lieutenant. 


Brewster,  A.  F.,  Captain. 

Rust,  John  M.j  First  Lieutenant. 

Lylie,  John,  Captain. 

Carney,  John  L.,  First  Lieutenant. 

Butler,  J.  H.,  Second  Lieutenant. 


CoJToe,  Chatham  C,  Captain. 
Lowrv,  J.  J.,  First  Lieutenant. 


Miller's  Company. 

I  Hamilton,  E.  G.,  Second  Lieutenant. 

J  Rainey,  E.  F.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Brewster's  Company. 

j  Ward,  James,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Lytle's   COMPANY. 

j  Marable,  N.  P.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant 
Fisher,  E.  M.,  First  Sergeant.. 

Coffee's  Company. 

J  Bruce,  Robert,  Second  Lieutenant. 

j  Durley,  W.  IL,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 


Eleventh  Tens 

The  roster  of  the  Eleventh  Tennessee  Cavr-.lv 

Field  an 

Edmonson.  James  H..  Colonel  commanding. 
In  June,  18A3,  Col.  Edmonson  resigned,  and 
Lieut. -col.  D.W.  Holman  was  promoted  Col- 
onel, and  commanded  the  regiment  till  its 
surrender. 

Holman,  D.  '.V..  Lieutenant-colonel. 

Martin,  Jacob  T.,  Captain  and  actiDg  Major. 

Garrett,  W.  R.,  First  Lieurenant  and  Adjutant. 
Promoted  to  the  Captaincy  of  Co.  B  in  Feb- 
ruary, lSG-3,  and  Robert  Miller  was  appointed 
Adjutant. 

Core,  Jesse  I'.,  Surgeon. 

Anderson,  W,  H.,  Assistant  Surgeon. 

Gurley,  O.G.,  Captain  and  Assistant  Quarter- 
master. 


essee  Cavalry. 

y,  as  organized  Feb.  20,  1SC3,  was  as  follows: 

D    ST.4FF. 

Allen,  John  D.,  Captain  and  Assistant  Commis- 
sary. Promoted  Major  and  Assistant  Com- 
missary, and  assigned  to  Dibred's  brigade. 

Pyron,  John  B.,  Sergeant-major. 

Swanson,  J.  J.,  Hospital  Steward. 

Brown,  R.  Pitts.  Ordnance  Sergeant. 

Williamson,  C.  S.,  Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

Baugh,  J.  L.,  Commissary  Sergeant. 

Johnson,  J.  C,  Assistant  Commissary  Ser- 
geant. 

Jordan,  John.  Forage  Master. 

Brittain,  Jos.,  Forage  Master. 

Rateliffe,  W.,  Orderly. 


Company  A. 
Captain,  Charles  McDonald. 
In  May,  1SG3,  this  company  became  a.  part  of  McDonald's  battalion. 

Company  B. 
Captain,  M.  M.  Swaim. 
Ferguson,  James,  Fir=t  Lieutenant.  ant.  and  commanded  the  company,  for  th€ 

Swaim,  James,  Second  Lieutenant.  \      most  part,  from  its  organization. 

Nevils,  John   M,  Junior  Second    Lieutenant.    Nevils,  Watt,  First  Sergeant. 
Lieut.  Nevils  was  promoted  First  Lieuten- '  Wilson,  Robert,  Second  Sergeant. 
In  February,  1865,  Adjt.  Garrett  was  promoted  to  the  Captaincy  of  this  company. 

Company  C. 

Captain,  Thos.  C.  H.  Miller. 


Braden, «W.  W.,  Firsc  Lieutenant. 
Rainey,  E.  F.,  Second  Lieutenant. 


Hamilton,  Ed.  G.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 
Fisher,  E.  M.,  First  Sergeant. 


Company  D. 
Captain,  John  Lytle. 
Carney,  John  L.,  First  Lieutenant.  I  Haley,  John.  Junior  Second  Lieutenant 

Johnson,  Bern.,  second  Lieutenant.  j  Ma.rabh\  N.  P.,  First  Sergeant. 

Lieut.  John  L.  Carney  was  promoted  Captain,  and  N.  P.  Marable  and  I.  H.  Cutler  were  elected 
Lieutenants  to  rii!  vacancies. 


720  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Company  E. 
Captain,  Andrew  R.  Gordon. 
McClure,  George  E.,  First  Lieutenant.  >  Garrett,  John  A.,  Third  Sergeant. 

Anderson,  Robert  J.,Second  Lieutenant.  \  Inman,  David  A.,  Fourth  Sergeant. 

Edmonson,  James  M..  Junior  Second  Lieuten-  \  Dabney,  George  Vv'.,  Fir.-<t  Corporal, 
ant.  !  McMillon,  Gus.  II.,  Second  Corporal. 

MeConneiL  J.  W..  First  Sergeant.  Rothroek,  George  W.,  Third  Corporal. 

Gordon,  Robert,  Second  Sergeant.  I  Oliver,  Wm.  W.,  Fourth  Corporal. 

Lieut.  Edmonson  was  promoted  First  Lieutenant,  and  Robert  Gordon  and  George  Rothroek 
were  elected  Lieutenants  to  fill  vacancies. 

Company  F. 
Captain,  Phil.  T.  Allyn. 
In  May,  ISO-'?,  this  company,  commanded  by  Capt,  W.  H.  Forrest,  was  transferred  to  McDon- 
ald's battalion. 

Company  G. 
Captain,  Jacob  T.  Martin. 
Ranks,  Thomas,  First  Lieutenant.  ;  Shaw,  \Y.  A.,  Third  Sergeant. 


Chaney,  D.  S.,  Second  Lieutenant. 
Critz,  John  M.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 
Critz,  Thos.  L.,  First  Sergeant. 
Chaney,  W.  T.  Second  Sergeant. 


Lea,  A.  J.,  First  Corporal. 
Witt,  James  II.,  Second  Corporal. 
Parrish,  Frank,  Third  Corporal. 
Allen,  Thomas,  Fourth  Corporal. 


Company  H. 
Captain,  Chatham  Coffee. 
Lowry,  J.  J.,  First  Lieutenant.  1  Durley,  W.  H.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Bruce,  Robert,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Company  I. 
Captain,  Thos.  F.  Perkins. 
Bostick,  John  C,  First  Lieutenant.  |  Inman.  Reuben,  Second  Sergeant. 

Clouston,  Richard,  Second  Lieutenant.  Perkins,  W.  C,  Third  Sergeant. 

Kirby.  Mnlaehi,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant.       |  Cannon,  N.  C,  Fourth  Sergeant. 
Sawyers,  Willis,  First  Sergeant. 

Private  Sol.  Rozeli  was  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  transfer  of  Lieut.  Clouston 
to  Gen.  Wheeler's  staff. 

Company  K. 
Captain,  James  W.  Rivers. 
Baugh,  W.  H.,  First  Lieutenant.  I  Brown,  R.  Pitts,  First  Sergeant. 

McXairy,  Robert,  Second  Lieutenant.  I  Wells,  W.T.,  Second  Sergeant. 

Zucarillo,  Jos.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant.  j  Frazier,  Robert,  Third  Sergeant. 

Company  L. 
Captain,  A.  F.  Brewster. 

Bramlitt, ,  First  Lieutenant.  I  Rust,  John  M.,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Drake,  R.,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Lieut.  Rust  was  promoted  to  the  Captaincy,  and  commanded  the  company,  for  the  most  part, 
during  the  war.    J.  B.  Wood  was  elected  to  rill  the  place  of  Lieut.  R.  Drake. 


TWELFTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

Bv  J.  U.  Gree.v,  Covington,  Tenw 

I  G&irSQT  give  any  thing  like  a  correct,  exact  account  of  the  Twelfth  Cavalry, 
for  I  ana  dependent  on  my  recollection  alone.  I  have  not  the  scratch  of  a  pen 
to  help,  and  can  only  give  general  information. 

Having  served  in  the  Seventh  CaVitlrV  Regiment,  commanded  by  Col.  Jackson, 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       721 

in  1S62  I  went  to  Tipton  county  to  raise  a  new  company.  I  soon  succeeded,  anil 
meeting  with  the  Rev.  A.  Burrow,  with  a  Colonel's  commission  in  his  pocket  tu 
raise  and  equip  a  regiment  of  partisan  rangers,  I  joined  with  him  and  Capt.  Reu- 
ben Burrow,  We  then  had  about  two  hundred  men.  About  this  time  Gen.  Van 
Born  made  a  raid  into  West  Tennessee,  and  hearing  of  Burrow,  ordered  him  to 
burn  certain  bridges  between  Jackson  and  Humboldt,  which  were  strongly  guard- 
ed. We  obeyed  the  order  with  our  raw  recruits,  drove  the  enemy  off"  and  burned 
the  bridges;  but  alas!  we  lost  our  Colonel,  who  was  shot  dead  while  leading  a 
charge.  Capt.  Burrow  and  myself  returned  to  Tipton  and  Shelby,  and  there  found 
Col.  R.  V.  Richardson,  with  a  commission  and  one  or  two  companies.  "We  joined 
him,  and  during  the  winter  of  1SG2-3  organized  the  First  Tennessee  Partisan 
Hangers,  consisting  of  Capts.  Green,  Burrow,  Murry,  Daley,  Hicks,  Bell,  and 
McSpadden's  companies,  about  lour  hundred  men,  with  Richardson,  Colonel;  J. 

U.  Green,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Benson.  Major;  and  Alex.  Loving,  Adjutant. 

Soon  alter  we  were  surprised  and  stampeded  by  Grierson.  We  got  together  in 
a  short  time,  and*,f?rierson's  command  was  sent  again  to  drive  us  out.  The  two 
regiments  camped  within  two  miles  of  each  other,  neither  knowing  of  the  other 
being  so  near.  During  that  night  Sol.  Cocke  and  I  went  in  search  of  the  enemy,  and. 
soon  found  them.  Returning,  we  reported  the  fact,  and  before  day  we  surprised 
and  cut  them  up  very  badly,  aud  drove  them  out.  In  a  few  weeks  all  the  cavalry 
from  Memphis,  Jackson,  and  Fort  Pillow  came  after  us  from  every  direction. 
Knowing  that  we  could  not  withstand  such  a  force — Col.  Richardson  being  wound- 
ed in  the  night  attack,  and  Maj.  Benson  killed — alter  consultation  with  the  officers, 
I  disbanded  the  command.  Next  day  I  was  captured,  and  kept  a  prisoner  in  St. 
Louis  two  months;  was  sent  with  others  to  Norfolk,  Ya.,  and  thence  started  for 
Fort  Delaware,  on  board  the  steamer  "Maple  Leaf."'  Not  liking  the  idea  of  going 
back  to  prison,  we  knocked  down  the  guard,  seized  the  steamer,  and  ran  her  ashore 
near  Cape  Henry  light-house.  We  escaped  thence  into  Dismal  Swamp— ninety- 
three  of  us,  all  officers.  For  ten  days  we  were  hunted  by  four  regiments  of  Fed- 
eral cavalry,  but  by  God's  help  we  got  safely  through  to  Richmond.  I  at  once 
repaired  to  West  Tennessee,  where  I  found  Col.  Richardson  and  the  regiment.  We 
then  went  south  to  Mississippi,  just  at  the  time  Gen.  Forrest  took  command,  and 
were  consolidated  into  what  became  the  Twelfth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  following 
Gen.  Forrest  to  the  close  of  the  war,  participating  in  most  of  the  hard  lighting 
and  hard  marching  for  which  Gen.  Forrest  was  famous. 

At  a  battle  fought  at  Wyatt's  Ferry  the  writer  was  promoted  to  be  Colonel, 
"for  gallantry  on  the  field,"  as  stated  in  the  order  read  to  the  command. 

At  the  reorganization  Richardson  was  made  Brigadier-general;  the  writer  was 
in  command  of  the  regiment,  Capt.  Reuben  Burrow  was  made  Lieutenant-colonel, 
and  Bennett,  Major.  After  the  war  Gen.  Richardson  was  assassinated  by  an  un- 
known party;  Capt.  Daley  was  killed  in  Hood's  advance  on  Nashville,  in  a  skir- 
mish; Maj.  Benson  was  killed  in  the  night  attack  at  Reaves's.  I  am  sorry  I  can 
give  no  dates.  

Official.]  Twelfth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

company  A. 
Captain,  R.  H.  Strickland. 

COMPANY  B. 
Cap;:un,  Wm.  T.  Carmack. 

46 


722  .  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  John  L.  Payne. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  G.  McCalla. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  S.  M.  Stewart. 
Moncrief,  J.  K.,  k.  March  -25,  18G4.  I  Ryan,  W.  R.,  k,  April  21,  18G4. 

j  COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  William  A.  Bell. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  John  H.  Massey. 
Ewens,  W.  H.,  k.  Dee.  2G,  1863.  I  Woodard,  J.  G.,  k.  Oct.  9,  1863. 

Johns,  B.  F.,  k.  Dee.  20, 1863.  | 

I  COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  William  M.  Craddock. 
COMPANY  I.  . 
Captain,  J.  H.  Hiek3. 
Baereraft,  W.,  d.  I  Hubbard.  W.  R.,  d.  Aug.  15, 1863. 

COMPANY  K. 
^  Captain,  R.  J.  McSpadden. 


From  Forrest's  Campaigns. 

Twelfth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
J.  U.  Green,  Colonel;  G.  W.  Bennett,  Major:  R.  B.  Bone,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant:  A.  Beaty, 
Surgeon;  E.  H.  Sholl,  Assistant  Surgeon;  S.  F.  Cocke,  Assistant  Quartermaster:  A.  G.  Bur- 
row, Chaplain. 

Company  Officers. 

Co.  A :  Edward  Daley.  Captain ;  W.  IT.  Crite,  First  Lieutenant ;  R.  H.  Strickland,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; H.  L.  Masse}*,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  W.  T.  Carmack,  Captain;  W.  D.  Wilder,  First  Lieutenant;  F.  E.  Brown,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; J.  E.  Yancey.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  J.  L.  Payne,  Captain;  William  Bell,  First  Lieutenant;  R.  C.  Simonton,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; C.  L.  Sullivan.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  J.G.  McCauley,  Captain;  J.  Appleberry,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  M.  Parker,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  E:  C.  S.  McStusaek, Captain;  J.  S.  Grandberry,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  S.  Stewart,  Second 
Lieutenant. 

Co.  F:  William  Bell,  Captain;  John  Matthews,  First  Lieutenant;  James  Brooks,  Second 
Lieutenant;  Hiram  Prewitt,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  G:  John  Massey,  Captain;  VV.  W.  Freeman,  First  Lieutenant;  Ambrose  House,  Second 
Lieutenant;  O.  H.  Waue,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  H:  W.  M.  Craddock,  Captain;  J.  C.  Haines,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  J.  Overall,  Second 
Lieutenant;  L.  L.  Cherry.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  I:  J.  B.  Scarborough,  Captain;  R.Johnson,  First  Lieutenant;  William  Stewart,  Second 
Lieutenant;  William  McKirskill,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  K :  R.  J.  McSpadden,  Captain ;  E.  H.  Cobbs,  First  Lieutenant ;  J.  T.  Briggs,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; R.  A.  Williford,  Second  Lieutenant. 


Beoimextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


Official.] 


Hutchison, 
Citv. 


FOURTEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY, 


Colonel,  J.  J.  Neely. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captains:  R.  R.  White  and  8.  J.  Cox. 

Brint,  W.,  k.  July  10,1863. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  Thomas  H.  Turner. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Zilman  Voss. 
L.,  k.  March    5,   18G4,    at   Yazoo  I  Simmons,  W.  W.,  k.  March  5,  1864,  at  Yazoo 
I     City. 

COMPANY  D. 
.Captain,  L.  A.  Thomas. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  E.  W.  Jacobs. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captains :  W.  J.  Hall  and  H.  D.  Green. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  A.  C.  Reid. 

"Williams,  John,  k.  near  Fort  Pillow,  Feb.  15, 1864 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  James  Gwynn. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  £.  S.  Elliott. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  E.  G.  Owen. 


From  Forrest 's  Campaigns. 

Fourteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

J.  J.  Neely,  Colonel ;  E.  S.  Hammond,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant;  T.  H.  Turner.  Sergeant;  R. 
R.  White,  Lieutenant-colonel;  M.  H.  Pirtle,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  R.  P.  Watson,  Assist- 
ant Surgeon;  Gwynn  Thurmond,  Major. 

Company  Officers. 

Co.  A:  S.J.  Cox,  Captain;  M.  P.  Harbin,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  B.  Harris.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  J.  H.  Deherry,  Captain,  N.  A.  Senter,  First  Lieutenant;  G.  Hicks,  Second  Lieuten- 
ant; John  B.  Holt,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C :  Z.  Voss,  Captain  ;  R.I.  Strayhorn,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  H.  Swink,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  L.  A.  Thomas,  Captain;  J.  W.  Ricks,  First  Lieutenant;  James  Drake,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  E :  E.  M.  Jacobs,  Captain ;  A.  R.  Emmerson,  First  Lieutenant ;  W.  G.  Pirtle,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  F:  W.  J.  Hall,  Captain;  J.  M.  Moore,  First  Lieutenant;  M.  G.  Hall,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  G:  A.  C.  Reid,  Captain;  W.  F.  Dillard,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  Robertson,  Second  Lieuten- 
ant; J.  Reid,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  H:  James  Gwynn,  Captain:  B.  F.  Tatum,  First  Lieutenant;  D.  L.  Hill,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; H.  J.  Brewster,  Second   Lieutenant. 

Co.  I:  E.  S.  Elliott,  Captain;  James  Laird.  Second  Lieu.enant;  John  Langley,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  K:  C.  C.  Conner,  Captain;  A.  W.  Fleming,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  J.  Campbell,  Second 
Lieutenant. 


724  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


FIFTEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  Thomas  H.   Logwood,  Austin,  Texas. 


The  Memphis  Light  Dragoons  was  organized  in  1S0O,  under  a  charter  by  act 
of  the  Legislature.  In  May,  1861,  the  company  was  mustered  into  the  service  as 
Confederate  cavalry  at  Memphis.  The  officers  at  the  time  of  being  mustered  in 
were  as  follows:  Thomas  II.  Logwood,  Captain;  Wm.  T.  Howard,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; Ed.  B.  Trezevant  and  Wm.  F.  Taylor,  Second  Lieutenants;  and  W.  P.  Paul, 
Orderly  Sergeant — all  of  Memphis,  Tenn.  The  company  reported  for  duty  to 
Brig.-gen.  John  L.  T.  Sneed,  at  Eandolph,  on  the  Mississippi  River  above  Mem- 
phis; thence  it  went  with  the  command  of  Gen.  Gideon  J.  Pillow  to  New 
Madrid,  Mo.,  and  in  the  fall  of  1861  moved  up  with  the  army  of  Maj.-gen.  Leon- 
idas  Polk  to  Columbus,  Ky.,  where  the  company  was  united  with  five  other  com- 
panies of  Tennessee  cavalry,  and  formed  a  battalion,  known  as  the  Sixth  Battalion 
of  Tennessee  Cavalry.  Upon  the  organization  of  that  battalion  Thomas  II.  Log- 
wood, of  Shelby  county,  was  elected  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Charles  Hill,  of  Tip- 
#ton  county,  Major.  While  at  that  post  the  battalion  was  engaged  in  various 
battles  and  skirmishes  with  the  enemy,  as  it  performed  the  entire  picket  and 
scouting  duties  of  Gen.  Polk's  army. 

Under  orders  from  Gen.  Polk  I  made  a  raid  upon  the  enemy's  post  at  Padueah, 
Ky.,  making  a  night  attack,  captured  and  killed  nearly  all  of  their  cavalry  pick- 
ets, and  drove  in  a  regimeut  of  infantry  that  was  on  the  outpost.  I  lost  one  man 
killed,  and  two  were  wounded.  The  object  of  the  attack  was  to  discover  the 
strength  of  the  enemy's  force  at  the  post  of  Padueah.  "We  stirred  up  a  hornets 
nest.  The  enemy  were  in  force,  and  a  full  regiment  of  cavalry  mounted  and  pur- 
sued us.  I  had  but  two  companies  of  my  battalion  with  me — Co.  A,  Capt.  W.  F. 
Taylor,  and  Co.  I,  commanded  by  Lieut.  Martin  Armstrong.  I  was  successful  in 
getting  my  command  and  the  wounded  and  the  prisoners  back  to  Columbus, 
where  I  made  full  report  to  Gen.  Polk. 

The  next  battle  was  witli  the  entire  battalion.  The  enemy  was  strongly  posted 
at  Elliott's  Mills,  ten  miles  from  Columbus,  on  the  creek.  I  made  the  attack  un- 
der orders  to  find  out  the  enemy's  strength  there.  We  charged  in  column  right 
into  their  camp,  and  found  that  there  were  five  thousand  men  there  of  all  arm>. 
This  movement  enabled  the  General  to  anticipate  the  designs  of  the  enemy,  and 
to  prevent  a  tiank  movement  upon  Columbus. 

When  the  battle  of  Belmont,  Mo.,  began  Gen.  Pillow's  division,  including  my 
battalion,  were  in  line  at  Columbus,  awaiting  orders  to  march  to  Bowling  Green, 
Ky.,  to  join  Gen.  A.  S.  Johnston.  When  the  battle  opened  I  was  ordered  to  take 
two  of  my  companies  and  cross  the  river.  L'pon  my  arrival  I  joined  Lieut. -col. 
Miller,  who  had  two  companies  of  Mississippi  cavalry  with  him.  The  Federal 
cavalry  had  flanked  our  forces,  and  with  their  right  wing  resting  upon  the  river- 
bank,  formed  in  line  below  some  cut-down  timber,  and  were  delivering  a  galling 
enfilading  fire  upon  the  gallant  Thirteenth  Tennessee  Infantry  Regiment,  com- 
manded most  skillfully  by  Col.  John  V.  Wright.  There  was  only  a  narrow  wag- 
on-way through  the  felled  timber  by  which  we  could  reach  the  Federal  cavalry. 
Col.  Miller  and  myself  formed  our  commands  into  a  column  of  twos,  and  charged 
with  pistol  and.  saber,  not  using  our  carbines.  We  drove  the  Federal  cavalry  from 
the  field,  and  we  saw  them  no  more;  but  I  was  informed   later  in  the  day  by  a 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        725 


prisoner  we  captured  that  they  rallied  upon  Gen.  Grant,  about  a  mile  in  the  rear 
of  the  battle-field,  where  the  bushes  were  so  thick  that  no  one  could  see  the  combat- 
ants. By  this  time  the  entire  Federal  line  had  broken,  and  was  in  full  retreat  to 
their  boats,  a  short  distance  above.  I  passed  around  the  felled  timber,  and  struck 
the  left  flank  of  the  retreating  enemy,  and  cut  off  a  Federal  regiment  of  infantry, 
commanded  by  Col.  Buford,  brother  of  Gen.  Abe  Buford;  but  his  command  retired 
across  a  large  wet,  marshy  swamp,  where  my  horses  could  not  follow,  and  we  failed 
to  "take  them  in."  I  then  moved  up  and  attacked  the  troops  on  my  left,  who 
were  making  for  the  boats.  Gen.  Gideon  J.  Pillow  stopped  the  movement,  and 
ordered  us  to  push  on  several  miles  above  and  attack  the  troops  upon  the  trans- 
ports as  they  passed  up.  Upon  reaching  the  ground  the  command  was  dismounted, 
and  we  moved  to  the  river-bank,  when  two  transports  soon  came  along  close  to 
bank,  the  decks  and  guards  loaded  to  overflowing.  They  had  got  away  from  our 
little  army  below,  and  were  jollifying  over  their  escape,  although  they  had  left 
many  of  their  comrades  upon  the  battle-field.  A  gun-boat  was  below  them  shell- 
ing the  woods.  My  men  were  concealed  along  the  bank,  and  at  the  word  opened 
fire  with  carbines  and  double-barrel  shot-guns  upon  the  solid  mass  of  Federal  sol- 
diers upon  the  bouts.  The  havoc  must  have  been  terrible,  for  we  were  at  close 
range.  The  yells  and  screams  of  the  troops  on  board  were  heart-rending,  and  I 
was  really  relieved  when  the  boats  got  out  of  range.  But  by  this  time  the  gun- 
boats came  in  range  and  opened  fire  upon  us,  and,  as  we  had  not  then  learned  to 
capture  gun-boats  with  cavalry,  we  retired  to  our  horses  and  back  to  Columbus. 
My  battalion  then  went  into  winter-rpiarters  at  Moscow,  Ivy.,  ten  miles  from  Co- 
lumbus, where  we  remained  until  Gen.  Polk  evacuated  Columbus,  when  we  cov- 
ered his  retreat  to  Humboldt,  Tenn.  The  battalion  then  took  post  at  Union  City 
near  the  Kentucky  line.  This  was  the  last  of  my  having  command  of  the  Sixth 
Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Gen.  A.  S.  Johnston  had  written  to  the  President  that  lie  was  anxious  to  test 
the  lance  as  a  weapon  for  mounted  men.  The  President  favored  his  views,  and 
called  upon  Gen.  Johnston  to  select  an  officer  to  raise,  organize,  and  command  a 
regiment.  Gen.  Johnston  ordered  me  to  go  to  Richmond,  and  gave  me  a  letter  to 
President  Davis,  asking  that  I  be  commissioned.  Gen.  Johnston's  letter  was  of 
such  a  complimentary  nature  to  me  that  upon  reading  it  the  President  indorsed 
on  the  back  of  it  the  following:  "The  Secretary  of  War  will  give  this  officer 
whatever  he  asks.7'  I  felt  complimented,  but  it  was  because  of  the  indorsement  I 
received  from  Gen.  Johnston,  for  I  knew  that  the  President  had  so  high  a  regard 
for  the  judgment  of  Gen.  Johnston  that  he  was  willing  to  heartily  indorse  his 
recommendation.  I  was  authorized  to  enlist  men  whose  term  of  one  year's  service 
was  nearly  out,  and  select  all  ten  of  the  companies  from  the  infantry;  but  while 
waiting  for  the  battle  of  Shiloh  to  pass  over,  when  Gen.  Beauregard  would  trans- 
fer the  men  to  me,  Congress  enacted  the  conscript  law,  which  held  every  man  in 
the  regiment  he  was  in,  thus  breaking  up  my  proposed  regiment  of  lancers. 


The  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Regiment  of  Cavalry. 
In  the  summer  of  1SG3  I  received  authority  from  the  Secretary  of  War  to  raise 
a  volunteer  regiment  of  cavalry  in  West  Tennessee.    I  organized  a  full  regiment, 
sent  mv  muster-roll  on  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  I  was  commissioned  Colo- 


726  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


nel  of  tlie  Sixteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry.  This  regiment  was  enlisted,  organized, 
and  partly  equipped  in  West  Tennessee,  which  was  called  "inside  of  the  lines," 
as  a  cordon  of  Federal  troops  were  posted  along  the  Memphis  and  Charleston 
railroad  from  Memphis  to  iluntsviile,  Ala.  The  Lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Six- 
teenth Tennessee  Cavalry  was  James  H.  Murray,  of  Fayette  county,  Tennessee, 
and  the  Major  was  Thomas  S.  Webb,  then  of  Memphis,  and  now  of  Knoxville, 
Tenn. 

Early  in  December,  1SG3,  Gen.  N.  B.  Forrest  arrived  in  West  Tennessee,  and 
took  command  of  that  department.  lie  desired  to  raise  as  large  a  command  as 
possible,  and  for  that  purpose  he  caused  officers  commanding  regiments,  battalions, 
and  companies  to  send  squads  of  their  commands  in  different  directions,  with  or- 
ders to  conscript  every  man  of  suitable  age  they  could  find.  While  almost  his 
entire  command  was  thus  engaged,  I,  with  two  companies  of  my  regiment,  was 
performing  the  service  of  watching  the  movements  of  the  Federals  at  Memphis 
and  down  the  railroad.  I  soon  gave  information  of  a  large  force  moving  up  the 
Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad  east,  and  strengthening  every  post  and  guarding 
every  outlet  on  that  line.  It  was  a  critical  moment  for  Gen.  Forrest,  who  had  his 
head-quarters  at  Jackson,  Tenn.  From  other  sources  he  learned  of  a  simultane- 
ous morement  of  troops  from  the  Tennessee  River  and  other  points  upon  Jack- 


son, and  he  was  compelled  to  be  stirring.    He  issued  a  last  order  for  the  comman- 
dants of  regiments  to  collect  their  squads  of  men,  and  report  at  certain  places  to 


him  as  he  moved  toward  Memphis.  I  received  the  order  at  day-break,  when  twen- 
ty-five miles  from  Memphis,  and  had  to  report,  "with  my  entire  regiment,"  that 
evening  twenty-five  miles  farther  east.  My  men  were  scattered  over  three  coun- 
ties, and  I  was  compelled  to  report  to  Gen.  Forrest  with  only  three  hundred  men, 
and  went  with  him  into  Mississippi.  Upon  arriving  at  Oxford,  Miss.,  there  were 
none  of  the  new  regiments  that  had  over  three  hundred  men,  all  the  rest  being 
still  in  Tennessee.  I  regret  to  say  that  a  very  large  portion  of  those  so  left  could 
never  be  induced  to  come  out.  But  without  waiting  to  know  about  this,  Gen. 
Forrest  determined  to  reorganize  all  the  regiments;  consequently  my  regiment  (the 
Sixteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry)  and  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  under  Col. 
Francis  M.  Stewart,  together  with  a  battalion  of  Mississippi  cavalry  under  Major 
Solomon  Street,  were  consolidated  into  a  regiment  which  was  thereafter  known 
as  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry;  but  it  was  in  fact  a  regiment  of  mounted  rifle- 
men. 

The  field  officers  of  this  regiment  were:  Colonel,  F.  M.  Stewart;  Lieutenant- 
colonel,  T.  H.  Logwood;  Major,  Sol.  Street,  of  Tippah  county,  Mississippi. 

The  regimental  staff  were:  Capt.  John  Skeffington,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  A. 
.  B.  Tabseott,  Surgeon;  A.  Bruce,  Assistant  Surgeon;  and  John  L.  Barksdale,  Lieu- 
tenant and  Adjutant.     There  were  two  companies  from  Mississippi — D  and  E. 

The  Captains  were:  P.  W.  More,  Co.  A;  James  L.  Garrison,  Co.  B;  Hugh  T. 
Hanks,  Co.  C;  T.  Nutt,  Co.  D;  E.  L.  Hussey,  Co.  E;  Thos.  C.  Buchanan,  Co.  F; 
E.  B.  Saunders,  Co.  II;  I'eter  M.  Williams  Co.  I;  John  A.  Williamson,  Co.  K. 

The  First  Lieutenants  were:  W.  K.  Griffith,  Co.  A;  Thomas  F.  Garrison,  Co. 

B;  A.  B.  Henry,  Co.  C;  G.  W.  Yapp,  Co.  D;  Johnson,  Co.  E;  J.  P.  Thur- 

man.  Co.  F;  J.  M.  McCaleb,  Co.  G;  J.  M.  Witherspoon,  Co.  II:  T.  W.  Allen,  Co. 
I;  Work,  Co.  K. 

The  Second  Lieutenants  were:  R.  S.  Vandvke  and  Richard  T.  Gardner,  Co. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         727 

A;  W.  B.  Xolley  and  Wm,  I).  Brown,  Co.  B;  J.  Ray  and  G.  T.  Baker,  Co.  C:  L. 
C.  Street,  Co.  D;  F.  G.  Furgerson  and  E.  S.  Thurman,  Co.  F;  P.  IF.  Sutton,  Co. 
G;  Robt  Y.  Anderson  and  John  L.  Seward,  Co.  I;  E.  Stone  and  Virginius  W. 
Swift,  Co.  K. 

At  the  time  of  this  new  organization  at  Oxford,  Miss.,  not  more  than  fifty  of 
the  officers  and  men  had  ever  drilled  an  hour,  and  in  this  condition  the  command 
was  ordered  to  march  by  Brig.-gen.  K.  V.  Eichnrds,  and  we  proceeded  to  Gre- 
nada, Miss.,  and  thence  to  "West  Point,  where  the  command  of  Gen.  Forrest  met 
and  repulsed  a  lari,re  cavalry  force  under  Gen.  Sooy  Smith.  The  Fifteenth  (my 
regiment)  was  in  that  engagement,  was  dismounted,  and  in  an  hour  after  the  line 
of  the  enemy  broke  and  began  the  retreat.  Eichardson's  brigade  was  ordered  to 
move  back  to  Grenada,  and  thence  down  the  Yazoo  Eiver,  to  meet  a  raiding  force 
that  was  advancing  northward  from  Yazoo  City. 

When  we  arrived  in  the  vicinity  of  Yazoo  City  we  were  joined  by  a  brigade  of 
Texas  cavalry  commanded  by  Brig.-gen.  Eoss.  The  two  commands  were  unite'!, 
and  an  attack  upon  Yazoo  City  and  the  forts  surrounding  it  was  determined  upon. 
Gen.  Eichardson  was  senior  officer,  but  he  voluntarily  yielded  the  command  to 
Gen.  Eoss  because  Eoss  was  well  acquainted  with  the  country,  locality  of  the 
forts,  and  the  proper  points  of  attack,  while  he  was  not  at  all  familiar  with  any 
of  them.  I  deem  it  my  duty  to  give  as  much  of  a  detailed  account  of  this  battle 
as  I  can  now  remember  incidents,  inasmuch  as  Gen.  Eichardson,  of  our  brigade, 
was  relieved  of  command  soon  after  this  battle,  and  never  made  a  report  of  the 
campaign  to  Gen.  Forrest  or  any  other  officer;  and  Gen.  Eoss,  not  being  a  part  of 
Forrest's  command,  never  made  a  report  to  him;  and  from  what  I  see  of  a  little 
book  published  by  one  "Eose,"  of  Texas,  purporting  to  give  a  history  of  thai 
battle,  I  fear  Gen.  Eoss  forgot  to  mention,  in  his  report  to  Gen.  S.  1).  Lee,  the 
fact  that  any  Tennessee  troops  were  engaged  in  that  battle. 

On  the  morning  of  March  5,  1SG4,  the  two  brigades  of  Confederate  cavalry,  dis- 
mounted, were  placed  in  position  for  the  attack.  The  Twelfth  Tennessee,  under 
command  of  Col.  J.  J.  Neely,  was  placed  on  the  extreme  left,  with  directions  to 
receive  orders  direct  from  Gen.  Eoss.  In  Neely's  front  was  a  strong  redoubt.  It 
may  be  proper  to  state  here  that  Col.  Xeely  was  Colonel  of  the  Thirteenth  Ten- 
nessee Cavalry;  but  on  that  day  there  were  no  field  officers  of  the  Twelfth  Regi- 
ment on  duty,  on  account  of  the  sickness  of  one,  absence  of  another  on  duty  in 
Tennessee,  and  the  promotion  of  Col.  Eichardson.  So  Col.  Neely  was  placed  in 
comn-and  of  the  Twelfth  for  the  occasion,  and  Maj.  Gwynn  Thurman  commanded 
the  Thirteenth  Regiment  in  the  battle.  Two  of  Ross's  regiments  were  in  position 
to  attack  and  storm  the  center  fort  or  redoubt,  which  was  upon  the  main  road 
leading  into  the  city  from  the  east.  A  Texas  battalion,  commanded  by  Maj.  Ross, 
a  brother  of  Gen.  Eoss,  was  ordered  to  make  a  flank  movement  by  the  right  of 
the  latter  redoubt  and  open  the  battle,  while  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee,  under  com- 
mand of  Lieut.-col.  T.  H.  Logwood,  was  ordered  to  support  Maj.  Eoss.  2S"o  pro- 
vision seems  to  have  been  made  for  attacking  the  Federal  troops  that  were  in  the 
city  beyond  the  forts  at  that  time.  The  Thirteenth  Tennessee,  with  Thrall's  bat- 
tery, was  held  in  reserve.  About  10  a.m.  Maj.  Eoss  and  myself  received  orders 
to  move  forward.  The  center  fort  soon  opened  a  heavy  lire  of  musketry  upon  us. 
for  they  had  no  artillery.  After  moving  on  about  two  hundred  yards  I  discovered 
that  mv  regiment  was  under  a  heavy  enfilading  lire  from  another  fort  or  earth.- 


fZO  MILITARY   ANNALS   OF  TENNESSEE. 


work  to  my  right.  I  at  once  notified  (Jen.  Richardson  of  the  fact,  anil  he  came 
to  me  and  said:  ""Wall's  Legion  was  sent  by  Gen.  Rosa  to  attack  that  redoubt. 
and  some  mistake  seems  to  have  occurred.  Your  regiment  shall  not  be  subject 
to  this  cross  tire,  and  I  will  order  both  you  and  Maj.  Ross  to  fall  back  for 
the  present."  1  suggested  that  he  permit  Maj.  Ross  to  go  ahead  and  let  me 
storm  and  silence  the  fort  on  my  right,  and  thus  relieve  both  Maj.  Ross  and  my- 
self from  the  enfilade.  He  assented,  and  my  regiment  was  wheeled  by  the  left, 
and  without  firing  a  gun,  or  the  slightest  stop,  we  went  over  the  breastworks  with 
that  notable  yell  for  which  the  Confederates  were  so  well  known  when  they  charged 
in  battle.  The  fort  proved  to  be  manned  with  dismounted  Federal  cavalry,  whose 
horses  were  in  line  in  rear  of  the  hill  upon  which  the  fort  stood.  As  my  men 
went  into  the  front  and  side  of  the  fort  the  Federals  went  over  the  rear  side,  and 
'•'stood  not  upon  the  order  of  their  going;'1  but  they  poured  a  heavy  lire  upon  us 
until  we  began  to  mount  their  works.  They  mounted  their  horses  and  fled  into 
the  city,  which  lay  before  us  in  a  broad,  beautiful  valley.  It  is  just  to  say  that 
Wall's  Legion,  by  mistake  of  a  guide,  had  gone  too  far  to  the  right,  and  did  not 
reach  the  intended  point  of  attack  until  a  few  minutes  after  the  Fifteenth  Ten- 
nessee had  captured  it. 

Leaving  Wall's  Legion  in  charge  of  the  captured  fort,  I  formed  line  and  pro- 
ceeded in  the  direction  of  Maj.  Ross,  with  the  view  of  executing  the  original  or- 
der to  support  him.  He  was  now  in  close  proximity  to  the  left  ilank  of  the  cen- 
tral fort,  on  the  slope  of  the  hill,  and  under  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry.  Wiien  I 
got  within  supporting  distance  of  him  I  halted  my  regiment,  and  in  person  went 
to  Maj.  Ross,  when  we  at  once  concluded  to  jointly  storm  the  fort.  The  other 
Confederate  regiments  were  pouring  a  heavy  fire  upon  the  front  of  the  fort,  both 
with  muskets  and  a  battery  which  was  attached  to  Gen.  Ross's  command.  I  gave 
order  to  load  and  hold  fire,  and  be  ready  to  storm  the  fort.  The  excitement  ran 
high  among  my  young  Tennesseaus,  and  they  were  eager  to  get  over  the  breast- 
works ahead  of  the  gallant  Texas  veterans  under  Maj.  Ross.  I  say  young  Tennes- 
seans  because  a  large  portion  of  my  command  were  under  tweniy-one  years  of  age. 
But  before  the  order  to  charge  was  given  Gen.  Richardson  came  up,  and  ordered 
us  not  to  storm  but  to  fall  back.  We  did  so  in  good  order  but  in  sullen  silence. 
It  was  a  disappointment  to  the  boys.  I  was  then  ordered  to  form  on  the  left  of 
Capt.  Thrall's  battery,  the  Thirteenth  Tennessee  Regiment  on  his  right,  and  with 
these  two  regiments  the  battery  moved  into  the  city. 

The  Federal  forces  in  the  city  were  posted  in  line  so  as  to  front  diagonaliy  across 
streets,  yards,  lots,  gardens,  etc.,  and  we  had  to  approach  them  in  their  front  or 
subject  our  flanks  to  a  raking  fire.  We  had  to  pass  over  and  through  fences  di- 
agonally and  drive  the  Federals  from  each  one,  for  they  took  advantage  of  all 
obstructions,  and  fired  upon  us  from  the  doors  and  windows  of  every  house  in  our 
front;  but  we  drove  them  through  the  city  behind  a  breastwork  of  cotton-bales 
made  near  the  river.  It  was  discovered  that  the  left  flank  of  the  cotton-works 
was  not  closed,  and  Gen.  Richardson  ordered  Maj.  Thurman  to  make  a  flank  move- 
ment to  the  right  and  drive  the  Federals  from  the  cotton.  When  the  movement 
into  the  city  began  the  Federal  sharp-shooters  were  posted  on  the  crags  and  point 
of  the  hill  overlooking  the  city,  and  these  at  once  began  to  enfilade  my  left  flank. 
I  called  Gen.  Richardson's  attention  to  this,  and  he  said  Gen.  Ross  had  agreed  to 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Roles. 


"20 


drive  the  sharp-shooters  away;  but  during  the  whole  time  we  were  going  into  the 
city  the  fire  was  kept  up,  and  I  lost  some  valuable  officers  and  men. 

When  our  line  was  confronted  by  the  cotton-bales  I  asked  permission  of  Gen. 
Richardson  t>t  have  a  skirmish  line  in  front  of  the  cotton-works,  and  by  a  think 
movement  capture  the  heights  or  crags.  He  assented,  and  in  a  few  minutes  we 
were  on  the  ci'ags,  and  we  then  made  a  charge  on  about  one  hundred  Federals 
who  were  firing  upon  us  from  a  rifle-pit  about  eighty  yards  in  rear  of  the  center 
fort  above  named,  and  took  the  position.  This  gave  me  the  full  command  of  the 
sally-port  of  that  fort.  I  at  once  notified  Gen.  Richardson  of  what  I  had  done, 
and  of  the  advantageous  position  I  had  gained  for  storming  the  fort,  and  he  re- 
plied, "When  Gen.  Ross  begins  to  storm  the  fort  on  the  front  you  then  charge 
upon  the  rear."  At  the  moment  I  received  this  order  I  saw  a  Hag  of  truce  raised 
by  Gen.  Ross  on  the  point  of  a  hill  or  crag  to  my  left,  and  Gen.  Ross  in  person 
called  to  me  across  the  deep  ravine  to  cease  firing  and  raise  a  white  flag,  as  he 
was  demanding  a  surrender  of  the  fort.  A  great  deal  of  time  was  consumed  in 
negotiations.  Although  a  white  flag  was  flying  from  every  point  on  the  hill,  in- 
cluding the  two  forts,  where  either  a  Federal  or  Confederate  force  had  possession, 
yet  the  gun-boats  which  were  lying  completely  in  my  rear  kept  up  a  heavy  shell- 
ing upon  my  command.  The  demand  for  surrender  was  not  obeyed,  and  soon 
after  firing  began  I  received  an  order  from  Gen.  Richardson  to  fall  baek  into  the 
city.  I  did  so,  and  upon  arriving  near  the  place  where  I  left  my  skirmish  line 
I  found  the  Federals,  who  opened  fire  upon  me.  I  soon  discovered  that  Gem 
Richardson,  with  Thrall's  battery  and  the  Thirteenth  Regiment,  had  withdrawn 
from  the  city,  and  my  route  of  exit  was  completely  cut  off  by  the  enemy,  whs 
had  formed  a  line  of  battle  across  my  path.  My  regiment  charged  throng* 
their  line  and  got  into  an  open  field,  which  was  very  level,  and  at  the  rear  and 
north  side  there  was  a  ditch  or  gully  fifteen  feet  or  more  deep  There  was  but 
one  place  where  this  ditch  could  be  crossed  except  the  bridge  on  the  road  lead- 
ing into  the  north  side  of  the  city,  and  that  bridge  was  in  the  brands  of  the  Fed- 
erals. There  was  a  large  fallen  tree  across  the  ditch,  about  four  hundred  yards 
from  us.  It  was  our  only  chance  to  escape,  and  we  began  to  make  a  retreat 
across  the  field  in  the  face  and  fire  of  two  infantry  regiments  and  a  battery. 
The  latter  was  firing  grape-shot  and  shell. 

Right  here  let  me  say  that  a  wonderful  feat  in  military  maneuvers  was  per- 
formed. I  determined  to  make  the  movement  of  the  rear  by  echelon  of  compa- 
nies, notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the  regiment  had  never  drilled  one  hour,  and 
that  Maj.  Street  did  not  know  what  echelon  meant.  I  ordered  the  regiment  to 
form  line  by  lying  down,  and  to  open  fire  upon  the  Federals,  who  were  at  that  time 
only  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards  away  and  advancing,  While  the  line  was  form- 
ing I  explained  to  Maj.  Street  how  I  intended  to  move  back.  Finding  that  the 
troops  under  Ross  were  still  upon  the  hill  to  my  left,  I  did  not  fear  an  attempt  to 
flank  me  by  the  Federals  by  the  left,  so  I  broke  my  company  on  the  left  by  eche- 
lon to  the  rear.  Maj.  Street  halted  each  company  when  it  arrived  at  the  proper 
place,  and  I  remained  at  the  front  and  started  each  company  to  the  rear  at  the 
proper  time,  with  orders  to  report  to  Maj.  Street.  When  the  log  across  the  ditch 
was  readied  a  company  at  a  time  would  cross  and  take  possession  of  the  hill  j'.:.-t 
beyond,  which  overlooked  the  valley,  and  from  which  they  could  lire  upon  the 
Federals  over  the  heads  of  my  own  men.     The  chase  was  thus  stopped,  and  the 


730                   Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 
_ 

Federals  hastened  to  get  out  oi  range  of  our  fire,  lhe  liglit  for  the  day  was  over, 
and  we  went  into  camp  a  few  miles  to  tiie  east.  My  regiment  lost  one  officer, 
Lieut.  Barney,  who  belonged  to  another  command  and  had  reported  to  me  the  day 
before  the  battle.  Lieut.  Xoliey,  of  Co,  A,  was  wounded  by  a  spent  ball.  Maj. 
Gwynn  Thurman,  who  commanded  the  Thirteenth  Regiment,  was  killed  in  the 
hottest  of  the  battle  while  bravely  leading  his  men.  Capt.  JamesThrall,  of  the 
battery  of  artillery,  was  painfully  wounded  in  the  foot.  The  next  morning  I  sent 
a  reeonnoitering  party  to  the  city,  and  it  was  discovered  that  the  entire  Federal 
force  had  left  the  place  and  gone  down  the  river  by  steam-boat.  I  never  knew 
why  orders  were  not  given  to  storm  the  two  forts  that  were  not  taken;  but  one 
thing  I  believe  is  that  if  Gen.  Ross  had  ordered  a  charge  by  all  the  troops  invest- 
ing the  forts  at  the  time  he  made  the  demand  for  surrender,  the  central  fort  would 
have  been  taken  in  ten  minutes,  and  then  the  other  little  works  would  have  been 
at  our  mercy,  as  well  as  the  steamer  and  gun-boats,  as  the  hill  commanded  the  en- 
tire city  and  river  about  it.  I  will  do  Gen.  Richardson  the  justice  to  say  that,  aft- 
er he  sent  me  the  order  by  Lieut.  Eeno  to  fall  back  from  the  hill  into  the  city, 
he  then  sent  another  officer  with  an  order  to  move  back  rapidly,  and  then  move 
out  of  the  city  by  the  route  by  which  I  entered  it.  The  officer  was  too  cowardly 
to  come  to  me,  for  the  shelling  was  severe  from  the  gun-boats;  and  I,  not  thinking 
but  I  had  plenty  of  time,  moved  my  right  carefully,  so  as  to  avoid  the  shells  as 
much  as  possible. 

The  brigade  after  tins  moved  north  and  entered  West  Tennessee  at  La  Grange, 
and  proceeded  to  Bolivar,  where  a  part  of  the  command  had  a  running  fight  with 
a  regiment  of  Federal  cavalry  under  Col.  Hurst.  I  say  a  running  fight  because 
Hurst's  regiment  was  never  known  to  make  a  fight  standing,  but  it  would  invaria- 
bly be  on  the  move  and  our  boys  chasing  them.  My  regiment  (Fifteenth)  remained 
at  BolWar,  performing  the  duty  of  scouting  toward  the  Memphis  and  Charleston 
railroad  on  the  south  and  Memphis  on  the  west,  until  Gen.  Forrest  moved  out 
of  Tennessee.      % 

About  this  time  Gen.  Richardson  was  relieved  of  his  command,  and  the  brigade 
was  then  continued  for  several  months  by  Col.  J.  J.  Xeely  as  senior  Colonel. 
When  Gen.  Forrest  moved  his  divison  back  to  Mississippi  in  the  spring,  for  the 
purpose  of  recruiting  the  horses,  one  brigade  moved  from  Columbus  to  Tuscaloosa, 
.  Ala.,  and  on  to  Blue  Mountain,  when  we  reported  to  Gen.  Gideon  J.  Pillow,  and 
after  resting  awhile  Gen.  Pillow  moved  his  command  of  two  brigades  into  -North 
Georgia,  and  made  an  attack  upon  the  Federal  forces  posted  at  La  Fayette,  Ga. 
The  attack  was  unsuccessful,  for  the  reason  that  the  Federals  were  protected  by  the 
brick  walls  of  the  jail  an.l  other  buildings  in  which  they  were  posted,  with  sand- 
bags in  the  windows.  Gen.  Pillow  could  have  easily  captured  the  whole  of  the 
Federal  command  had  he  possessed  one  piece  of  artillery,  but  those  above  him  in 
command  would  not  let  him  have  a  battery.  Gen.  Pillow  returned  to  Blue  Mount- 
ain, and  our  brigade  returned  to  Mississippi  by  forced  marches  in  order  to  rejoin 
Gen.  Forrest,  who  was  concentrating  all  the  force  possible  to  meet  Gen.  A.  J. 
Smith,  who  was  moving  with  a  large  Federal  force — twenty-four  thousand  men 
of  all  arms — upon  Columbus,  Miss.,  and  Selraa,  Ala. 

On  the  12th  of  July,  1864,  Noely's  brigade  arrived  at  Columbus,  Miss.,  with 
horses  unlit  to  march  farther.  The  horses  were  left  at  t hat  point,  and  the  com- 
mand went  by  rail  to  Okolona,  where  we  left  the  train  on  the  morning  of  the  13th, 


Eegi3£enta1  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.        731 


and  marched  on  toward  Pontotoc;  but  upon  arriving  within  ton  miles  of  that  town 
we  heard  firing  on  our  right,  and  were  ordered  to  move  back  to  the  Mobile  and 
Ohio  railroad  via  the  road  to  Tupelo.  At  ten  o'clock  that  night  we  reached  a 
point  ten  miles  from  Harrisburg,  and  went  into  camp,  even  officers  and  men  being 
completely  broken  down.  The  sun  had  been  intensely  hot  all  day  of  the  1 3th, 
and  our  cavalry  men  had  never  done  any  marching  on  foot,  and  consequently  the 
march  of  thirty  miles  was  too  much  for  them.  But  we  were  up  at  an  early  hour 
the  next  morning,  and  moved  toward  Harrisburg.  We  were  all  stiff  and  sore,  and 
moved  slowly  and  with  pain.  We  got  about  half-way  to  Harrisburg,  when  we 
heard  a  few  guns,  and  the  boys  then  stepped  out  lively  and  we  got  the  brigade 
up  in  time  to  take  our  position  in  line  before  the  final  onset.  I  refer  you  to  the 
"Campaigns  of  Gen.  Forrest"  for  a  history  of  that  battle.  After  that  battle  the 
command  recuperated  both  men  and  horses  in  the  prairie,  and  about  the  4th  of 
August  Xeely's  Tennessee  brigade  reached  Pontotoc  and  began  to  fortify  south  and 
east  of  that  town.  On  the  10th  we  moved  toward  Oxford,  and  went  into  camp  at 
sunset  about  ten  miles  from  Oxford.  At  nine  o'clock  that  night  we  were  moved 
on.  The  Fifteenth  Tennessee  were  thrown  forward  at  a  trot,  and  I  was  ordered 
to  reach  Oxford,  if  possible,  before  the  Federal  cavalry  got  there,  but  in  fact  they 
had  arrived  at  that  place  at  nine  o'clock  that  night.  I  advanced  into  the  town 
upon  several  streets  on  the  east,  while  Gen.  Forrest,  who  came  up  at  the  time  with 
his  escort,  moved  around  to  the  south  and  entered  on  that  side.  That  evening 
Gen.  Hatch  had  got  information  that  Forrest's  whole  command  was  at  hand,  and 
he  moved  out  of  the  town  with  seven  thousand  cavalry  as  I  moved  in.  I  fed  my 
horses  on  the  forage  which  Hatch's  command  had  left  upon  the  ground  uneaten 
by  their  horses.  I  moved  through  the  town  with  the  head  of  my  column  not  one 
hundred  yards  in  the  Federal  rear;  and  soon  taking  in  the  situation,  I  did  not  fire 
a  gun,  as  our  force  was  too  small  to  fight  them.  After  posting  strong  pickets  on 
the  roads  leading  north,  I  returned  to  town  and  reported  to  Gen.  Forrest  the  situ- 
ation, and  he  commended  me  for  not  firing  and  letting  the  enemy  know  how  small 
our  force  was,  for  the  reason  that  none  but  Xeely's  brigade  could  get  to  us  before 
twelve  o'clock  next  day,  and  Gen.  Hatch  had  seven  thousand  Federal  cavalry  im- 
mediately in  our  front.  When  Forrest's  command  all  came  up  we  took  a  position 
on  a  creek  about  half-way  between  Oxford  and  Abbeville  when  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith 
was  crossing  the  Tallahatchie  River. 

On  the  18th  of  August,  1SG4,  at  five  o'clock  P.M.,  Gen.  Forrest  started  from  Ox- 
ford, Miss.,  on  that  memorable  raid  to  Memphis.  Picked  men  from  Xeely's  and 
Bell's  brigades  were  organized,  and  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  went  along.  My  reg- 
iment participated  in  the  attack  on  Memphis;  in  fact,  I  was  in  command  of  the 
troops  that  charged  into  the  city,  as  you  will  see  by  referring  to  the  "History  of 
Forrest's  Cavalry."  After  the  battle  my  Colonel  i  Stewart)  was  relieved  of  com- 
mand, and  I  was  promoted  to  Colonel  of  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry  for  serv- 
ices rendered  in  making  the  charge  into  the  city  of  Memphis  on  the  21st  of  Au- 
gust. 

The  next  battle  in  which  my  regiment  engaged  was  at  Athens,  Ala.,  on  the  24th 
of  October,  1S04,  upon  which  occasion  my  regiment  (Fifteenth)  captured  th'ty 
prisoners,  two  flags,  and  two  drums  (all  they  had)  from  the  Federals  in  a  hand- 
to-hand  right,  the  Federals  being  infantry  anal  all  having  bayonets,  while  my  men 
had  no  bayonets,  but  fought  with  clubbed  rifled.     Every  prisoner  taken  on  this  oe- 


732  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


casion,  including  officers,  was  heavily  laden  with  ammunition,  they  having  volun- 
teered at  Decatur  to  cut  their  way  into  the  fort  at  Athens  and  deliver  the  garrison 
the  ammunition  from  which  they  were  shut  off. 

On  the  2oth  of  October  my  regiment  participated  in  the  attack  and  capture  of 
the  fort  at  Sulphur  Trestle.  On  the  evening  after  that  battle  I  was  placed  in 
charge  of  eight  hundred  and  twenty  prisoners  and  all  the  small  arms,  quartermas- 
ters stores,  and  two  pieces  of  artillery  which  Gen.  Forrest  wished  to  send  bark  to 
Mississippi,  besides  one  hundred  and  fifty  loose  horses  which  he  captured  there. 
I  had  but  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  with  which  to  execute  the  order  to  take  them 
back  to  Mississippi  and  Mobile,  Ala.  "While  we  were  in  camp  the  second  night,  on 
the  road  from  Athens  to  Florence,  Ala.,  my  scouts  brought  information  that  a  regi- 
ment of  Federal  cavalry  was  advancing  from  Decatur  after  me.  Their  object  was 
to  recapture  the  prisoners,  the  small  arms  (eight  hundred),  the  horses,  and  to  capt- 
ure my  little  command  and  the  six  pieces  of  artillery  which  I  was  hauling  along, 
without  a  man  or  ammunition  to  use  or  load  them.  The  situation  was  embarrass- 
ing. I  sent,  Capt.  Tom  Buchanan,  of  Co.  F,  with  twenty  men,  to  push  back  to  a 
strong  position  on  the  road  we  had  passed  on  that  evening,  and  to  fight  the  advanc- 
ing column  of  Federals  at  every  point  until  day-break,  and  then  retreat  upon  Bain- 
bridge,  where  I  would  be  if  possible.  He  executed  the  order  so  well  and  gallantly 
that  I  was  enabled  to  march  fifteen  miles  by  night — the  prisoners  on  foot — and 
cross  the  Tennessee  Eiver  at  Bainbridge  before  Capt.  Buchanan  came  up. 

The  next  battle  in  which  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Regiment  engaged  was  at  the 
mouth  of  Big  Sandy,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  usually  called  Paris  Landing.  Col. 
E.  W.  Backer  was  at  that  time  our  brigade  commander,  and  with  my  regiment 
and  Forrest's  old  regiment  and  two  pieces  of  Walton's  battery  attacked  and  capt- 
ured the  Federal  gun-boat  "Undine,"  with  a  transport.  This  was  on  the  30th  of 
October,  lSf>4.  After  the  battle  and  capture  Lieut.-col.  Wm,  A.  Dawson,  of  my 
regiment,  was  placed  in  command  of  the  transport  "Venus." 

On  the  2d  of  November,  1S(34,  the  Fifteenth  Regiment  participated  in  the  af- 
fair at  Johnsonville.  The  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  with  Gen.  Hood  as  a 
part  of  Forrest's  corps  (Jackson's  division,  Buckner's  brigade;  from  the  time  his 
army  left  Florence,  Ala.,  until  it  recrossed  the  Tennessee  River  upon  the  retreat 
from  Nashville.  Upon  that  expedition  the  Fifteenth  lost  many  officers  and  men 
in  killed,  wounded,  and  taken  prisoners.  Among  the  killed  was  Lieut.-col.  Daw- 
son, who  fell  in  a  hand-to-hand  fight  with  Federal  infantry  at  Columbia,  Tenn. 
and  Capt.  J.  A.  Williamson,  of  Co.  I,  who  fell  at  the  battle  of  Franklin.  The 
regiment  returned  from  that  campaign  with  only  seventy-five  men,  rank  and  file. 
The  Fifteenth  was  in  but  one  more  fight  after  that,  which  was  a  single  charge  on 
Gen.  Croxton's  Federal  brigade  on  the  road  between  Tuscaloosa  and  Selma,  Ala. 
We  routed  Croxton  and  chased  him  a  whole  day,  and  lust  Selma  by  following 
him.  A  short  time  before  the  close  of  the  war  the  Fifteenth  Tennessee  Regiment 
was  consolidated  with  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  and  Nixon's  Tennessee  Cavalry 
regiments,  but  fought  no  battles  under  the  new  organization.  We  were  paroled 
at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  when  Forrest  surrendered  his  army. 


KeGIMEXTAL   HlSTORTEH    AND    MEMORIAL  ItOLLS.  733 

Official.]  Fifteenth:  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Colonel,  F.  M.Stewart;  Lieutenant-colonel,  W.  A.  L'.-uv.-.-on ;  Major,  E.  P.  Kirk;  Adjutant  J. 
L.  Barksdale;  Quartermaster,  John  Sketfington;  Surgeon,  A.  M.  Tabseott;  Assistant  Sur- 
geon, Allen  A.  Bruce. 

GQ&PJLNY  A. 
Captain,  E.  P.  Kirk. 


Pritchard,  W.  T.,  d.  March  10, 18G3. 
Austin,  S.  IL,  d.  in  prison  March  2,  1803. 
Davis,  John,  d.  in  prison  May  IS,  1863, 
Jennings,  A.,  d.  in  prison. 


Reynolds,  George,  d.  Dec.  28,  1862,  from  the 

effect  of  wounds  received  Nov.  25,  1862. 
Sawyers,  James,  k.  in  action  Jan.  8,  1863. 
Vaught,  Simon,  k.  in  action  Feb.  2s,  1863. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  P.  Yv.  Moore. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  John  L.  Webb. 
Tonvillo,  J.  L.,  k.  in  action  May  2,  1863,  near  |  Shelton,  Watson,  k.  in  action  Jan.  8,  1S63,  at 
Booth's  Point,  Tenn  J     Knob  Creek,  Teen. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captains:  E.  L.  Hussey  and  J.  L.  Epperson. 
Reaves,  W,  M,  k.  Oct.  20, 1863.  |  Street,  D.  M.,  k.  Nov.  19,  1863. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captains:  J.  M.  Lucas  and  F.  Nutt. 

COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  Benjamin  Flippin. 

COMPANY  G.    . 

Captain,  R.  B.  Saunders. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  G.  T.  Peon. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  P.  II.  Williams. 

From  Forrest'' s  Campaigns. 

Fifteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

F.  M.  Stewart,  Colonel;  T.  H.  Logwood,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Sol.  G.  Street,  Major;  John 
Skeffington,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  A.  B.  Tabseott,  Surgeon;  A.  Bruce,  Assistant  Surgeon: 
J.  L.  Barksdale,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant. 

Company  Officers. 

Co.  A:  P.  W.  Moore,  Captain;  W.  R.  Griffith,  First  Lieutenant;  E.  S.Vandyke,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; Richard  T.  Gardner,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  J.  L.  Garrison, Captain;  Thomas  F.  Garrison,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  B.  Noliey,  Second 
Lieutenant;  W.  D.  Brown,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  H.  T.  Hanks,  Captain;  A.  B.  Henry,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  Ray,  Second  Lieutenant;  G. 
T.  Baker,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  T.  Nutt,  Captain;  G.  W.  Yapp,  First  Lieutenant;  L.  C.  Street,  Second  Lieutenant 

Co.  E:  E.  L.  Hussey,  Captain. 

Co.  F:  T.  C.  Buchanan,  Captain;  J.  P.  Thurman,  First  Lieutenant;  F.  G.  Ferguson.  Second 
Lieutenant;  E.  S.  Thurman,  Second  Lieutenant.  • 

Co.  G:  R.  B.  Sanders,  Captain;  J.  M.  McCateb,  First  Lieutenant;  P.  H.  Sutton,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  H:  J.  M.  Witherspoon,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  i ;  P.  M.  Williams,  Captain  ;  T.  \V.  Alien,  First  I  icutenant ;  R.  Y.  Anderson,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; ,T.  L.  Seward,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  K  :  J.  A.  Williamson,  Captain  ;  R.  Stone,  Second  Lieutenant;  V.  H.  Swift,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 


73-i  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

FIFTEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

(RUSSELL'S.) 
Official.']  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  R.  M.  Russell;  Lieutenant-colonel,  IT.  C.Greer;  Major,  H.  F.  Bowman;  Quarter- 
master,  S.  J.  Ray;  Surgeon,  T.  C.  McNeill ;  Assistant  Surgeon,  J.  R.  Westbrook;  Adjutant,  A. 
G.  Hawkins;  Chaplain,  R.  A.  Mahon. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  William  Gay. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  W.  K.  Hawkins. 
Barron,  W.  R.,  k.  at  Fort  Pillow,  April  12, 1S64.  |  Crawford,  A.  B.,  d.  Feb.  21.1864. 
Beach,  J.  A.,  k.  at  Fort  Pillow,  April  12,  1864.    |  Banna,  W.  H.,  k.  accidentally  Feb.  1, 1861. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captains :  H.  F.  Hanks  and  J.  F.  Mathis. 


Barnard.  Edward,  d.  in  camp  June  22, 1864. 
Thomas,  D.  J.,  d.  May  7,  1864. 
Babb,  William,  k.  at  Troy,  Tenn.,  Feb.  15, 1S63. 
Leach,  T.  C.  S.,  k.  in  action  at  Yazoo  City, 
March  2, 1864. 


Pritchard,  William  T.,  d.  March  1,  1863. 
Pack,  Irving,  d.  Dec.  1,  1S63. 
Reynolds,  G.  W.,  d.  Dec.  23,  1863,  from  the  ef- 
fects of  wounds. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  A.  Shane. 


Jackson,  W.  C.  A.,  d.May  20, 1864,  near  Boone- 
ville,  Miss. 


Coleman,  W.  T.,  d.  Jan.  20,  1864. 

Heath,  W.  II.,  d. 

Iry,  R.  D.,  d.  at  home,  May  25, 1864. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  D.  Hall  urn. 
Jones,  R.  H.,  k.  June  10, 1364,  |  Kelly,  William,  d.  June  3,  1S64. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  J.  C.  Wilson. 
Henderson,  J.  W.,  d.  April  20, 1S63.  1  Upchurch,  B.  H.,  d.  May  10,  1864 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  D.  E.  Parker. 


Everett,  J.  T.,  k.  in  action  near  Guntown,  June 

10, 18G4. 
lucker,  Thomas  A.,  d.  April  24,  1864. 


McCorkle,  H.  C,  k.  m  action  near  Guntcwn, 

June  10, 1864. 
Hinson,  D.  K.,  d.  March  24,  1864. 


COMPANY  II. 
Captains:  J.  C.  Wilson  and  J.  R.  Gardner. 


Wilson,  Capt.  J.  C,  k.  at  Fort  Pillow,  April  12,  j  Duke,  R.  E.,  k.  in  action,  June  10, 18C4. 

il864.  Gardner,  J.  O.,  k.  in  action,  June  10,  1864. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  E.  Tompkins  HolHs. 
Coo.ey,  J.  B.,  k.  Feb.  22, 1864.  i  Hutohins,  Thomas,  d.  at  Corinth,  Miss,  May 

Malin,  John,  d.  at  Starkville,  Miss,  March  28.       22,  1864. 
1864.  .  j  Harrison,  C.  E.,  k.  Feb.  22,  1S64. 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  M.  H.  Freeman. 

bunton,  Lieut.  T.  W.,  £.  inaction  at  Eatinola,    Thompson,  B.  L.,  k.  accidentally  at  TiVc-ce, 


Tenn.,  Dec.  24,1863 
Beard,  J.  R.,  k.  at  Fort  Pillow,  April  12, 1S64. 


Miss.,  March  3,  1864. 


Segmental  Histobies  and  Memorial  Kolls. 


SIXTEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 


Official.]  FrELP  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  A.  N.  "Wilson;  Lieutenant-colonel,  J.  A.  Forrest;  Major,  W.  T.  Parham;  Surgeon,  S. 
H.  Caldwell;  Assistant  .Surgeon,  M.  D.  L.  Jordou ;  Quartermaster,  B.  M.  Bray;  Adjutant,  F.  M. 


Bell. 

COMPANY  A. 


Captain,  J.  A.  Russell. 

Smith,  John,  k.  Jan.l,  1864 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  E.  D.  Polk. 

Sewell,  A.  K.,  k.  in  action  at  Brice's  Cross-roads. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  J.  J.  Puce. 


Brown,  Thomas,  k.  Feb.  2D,  1864. 
Carter,  Jordan,  d.  in  prison,  Jan.  1,  1SC4. 
Hamuer,  James,  d.  some  time  in  Jan.,  1SC4. 


Melton,  Wm.,  sr.,  d.  some  time  in  Sept,  1SC4. 
Melton,  Wm,  jr.,  d.  Jan.  22,  1SC4. 
Srigall,  Lieut.  M.  G.,  d.  in  prison. 


COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  W.  H.  Bray. 

Kend rick,  H.  C,  k.  in  action  at  Brice's  Cross- 1  Dodds.  Z.  E.,  k.  in  action  at  Brice's  Cross- 


roads, May  10,  1S64. 
Arrandell,  J.  J.,  k.  in  action  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads. May  10,  1864. 


roads,  May  10,  1864. 
Arnold,  J.   K.,  k.  in  action  at  Brice's  Cross- 
roads, May  10,  1S64. 

Barham,  Isaiah,  k.  in  action  at  Brice's  Cross-roads,  May  10, 18^4. 
COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  "W.  II.  Simmons. 
Rinely,  Joseph  P.,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo 

Creek,  June  10,  1S64. 
Davis,  John  T.,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo 
Creek,  June  10, 1864. 


Jones,  R.  W.,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo  Creek, 

June  10,  1S64. 
McMellon,  A.  E.,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo 

Creek,  June  10,  1864. 


Coleman,  Daniel  J.,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo  j  Walker,  Benjamin  L.,  k.  in  action  at  Tisho 
Creek,  June  10, 1S64.  |     mingo  Creek,  June  10, 1864. 

Norton,  Marion,  d.  at  Starkville,  Feb.  28,  18C4. 
COMPANY  F. 
Captain.  James  Stinnett. 
Harwell,  E.  R~,  d.  from  disease.  March  9,  1864.  |  Ellis,  R.  D.,  k.  accidentally,  March  1, 1S64. 
Ellis,  C.  S.,  k.  June  10, 1S64. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  J.  W.  Fussell. 

Exrum,  John,    k.  in   action    at  Tishomingo  j  Edward9,  William,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo 

Creek,  June  10,  1S64.  I      Creek,  June  10,  1664. 

Stuart,  Joseph,   k.   in   action  at  Tishomingo  j  Cock,  Jubal,  k.  in  action  at  Tishomingo  Creek, 

Creek,  June  10,  1S64.  June  10, 1SG4. 

Turner,   John,   k.   in  action  at  Tishomingo    Haselwood,  J.,  k.  in  action,  Jan.  8.  1S64. 
Creek,  June  10, 1864.  j  Puckett,  J.  F.,  k.  some  time  in  March,  1864. 

COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  J.  W.  Carroll. 
Smith,  J.  W.,  k.  in  action,  June  10,  1864.  !  MoLinn,  W.  H.,  k.  in  action,  Aprsi  12,  1364. 

Martin,  James,  d.  June  12,  1864.  j  Varner,  M.  D.,  d.  March  IS,  1>64. 

McCally,  A.  B.,  d.  March  18,  1864.;  '  Thompson,  W.  C,  k.  in  action,  April  12, 1S64. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  James  C.  Gooch. 

Billops,  M.  J.,  d.  March  15, 1S64.  I  Riley,  Jacob,  k.  by  bush-whackers,  Jan.  20, 1864. 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  R.  E.  Dudley. 

Davis,  P.  O.,  d.  at  Starkville,  Miss.,  April  10, 1864. 


736  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


From  FurresVi  Campavjim. 

Sixteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Field  xsv  Staff  0*fic£HS. 
A.  N.  Wilson,  Colonel;  Jesse  A.  Forrest,  Lieutenant-colonel;  \V.  T.  Parham.  Major;  F.  M. 
Bell,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant;  B.  M.  Bray,  Assistant  Quartermaster ;  S.  H.  Caldwell,  Surgeon; 
M.  D.  L.  Jordon,  Assistant  Surgeon. 

Company  Okficebs. 

Co.  A:  J.  A.  Russell,  Captain;  W.  A.  MeCandless,  First  Lieutenant;  John  Coberne.  Second 
Lieutenant;  T.  F.  Wilson,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  E.  D.  Potk,  Captain;  J.  C.  Shipp,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  B.  Malone,  Second  Lieuten- 
ant; J.  R.  Glover,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  J.  J.  Rice,  Captain;  I.  J.  Galbreath,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  F.  Collins,  Second  Lieaten- 
;  ant;  J.  D.  Walker,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  I):  \V.  H.  Bray,  Captain;  J.R.Arnold,  First  Lieutenant;  J.C.  Dodds,  Second  Lieut-nan:; 
J.  M.  Bray,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  E:  W.  H.  Simmons,  Captain;  J.  P.  Revely,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  J.  Baxter,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Co.  F:  James  Steunett,  Captain;  S.  J.  Crowder,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  G:  J.  W.  Fussell,  Captain;  James  Tomlinson,  First  Lieutenant;  Thomas  R.  Mangrum, 
>  Second  Lieutenant;  T.  A.  Haynes,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  H:  J.  W.  Carroll,  Captain;  M.  L.  Cherry,  First  Lieutenant;  3.  C.  Kennedy,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. 

■    Co.  I:  J.  C.  Gooch,  Captain;  H.  Lassiter,  First  Lieutenant;  M.  H.  Goodloe, Second  Lieuten- 
ant; J.  B.  Northern,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  K:  R.  E.  Dudley,  Captain;  J.  F.  Looney,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  E.  Scales,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; A.  F.  Brooks,  Second  Lieutenant. 


EIGHTEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 


Official.']  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  John  F.  Newsom  ;  Lieutenant-coionel,  D.  ft£.  Wisdom;  Maior,  Wm.  Y.  Baker:  Adju- 
tant, H.  T.  Johnson;  Quartermaster,  A.  B.  Crook;  Chaplain,  John  Randolph;  Surgeon,  G.  W. 
Lockhart. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Thomas  J.  Dick. 
Holmes,  Zachariah,  k.  in  battle.  I  Warren,  Thomas,  k.  in  battle. 

McNulty,  James,  k.  in  battle. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  R.  M.  May. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  William  Wilson. 
McAulifF,  Leander,  shot  at  La  Grange,  Tenn."  I  Spencer,  W.  M.  F.,  k.  in  action. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  Joseph  J.  Sharp. 

Camp,  R.  A.,  k.  in  action  June  10, 1364. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  John  B.  Michin. 

Pratt,  B.  F.,  k.  in  action.  April  12, 1304.  1  Usery,  Warren  C,  k.  in  action  at  Jackson. 

Turner,  Richard,  d.  a  prisoner  of  war. 

COMPANY  F. 

Captain.  J.  R.  I»amron. 

Tinder.  W.  C  ,  k.  March  4,  1804. 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.        737 


COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  T.  II.  Taylor. 

Spencer,  B.  M.  C,  k.  at  Birice's  Cross -road?,  June  10,  1S64. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  Thomas  J.  Puffin. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  L.  C.  McClerkin. 

Autrey,  John,  k.  at  the  battle  of  Tishomingo  Creek,  June  10, 1S64. 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain,  W.  D.  Stratton. 


Irrom  Forrest'*  Campaign*. 

NINETEENTH   TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

(NEWSOM'S.) 
Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
John  F.  Nevraom,  Colonel;  D.  M.  Wisdojaa,  Lieutenant-eoionel ;  W.  Y.  Baker,  Major;  H.  T. 
Johnson,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant;  A,  B.Crook,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  G.  W.  Lockhart,  Sur- 
geon; John  Randolph,  Chaplain. 

Company  Officers.    " 

Co.  A:  W«  N.  Barnhill,  Captain;  J.  T.  Settle,  First  Lieutenant;  J.C.  O'Neill, Second  Lieuten- 
ant; H.  Klyce,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  R.  M.  May,  Captain;  Middleton  Hayes,  First  Lieutenant;  N. T.  Buckley.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; J.  O.  Ray,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  William  Wilson,  Captain ;  William  Lee,  First  Lieutenant;  John  M.  Barrett,  Second 
Lieutenant;  Thomas  Barrett,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  T.  H.  Taylor,  Captain;  M.  B.  Ormsby,  First  Lieutenant;  D.  J.  Bowdin,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; W.  P.  Walker,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  E:  J.  B.  Michin,  Captain ;  R.  M.  Wharton,  First  Lieutenant;  E,  R.  Turner,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; J.  R.  Adams,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  F:  J.  R.  Damron,  Captain:  A.  P.  Meek*,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  L.  Winningham,  Second 
Lieutenant;  W.  R.  Ledbetter,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  G:  J.J.Sharp,  Captain;  M.T.Shelby,  First  Lieutenant;  Absalom  Brashear,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; Robert  T.  Simmons,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  H:  J.  G.  Sharp,  Captain;  J.  D.  Springer,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  M.  Wardlaw.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; Nathaniel  Busby,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  I:  S.  C.  McClerkin,  Captain;  J.  J.  Reus.  First  Lieutenant;  S.  M.  Oyier,  Second  Lieuten- 
ant; J.  M.  Bumpass.  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  K:  W.  D.  Stratton,  Captain;  J.  C.  Miller,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  J.  Lane,  Second  Lieuten- 
aut;  E.  W.  D.  Dunn,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  L:  Thomas  R.  Dick,  Captain;  William  Hollis,  First  Lieutenant;  James  Stuart,  Second 
Lieutenant;  Lockman,  Second  Lieutenant. 


NINETEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

(BIFFLE'S.) 
Official.']  Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  J.  B.  Biffle;  Lieutenant-colonel,  A.G.Cooper;  Adjutant,  Roderick  Denny ;  Quarter- 
master; W\  M.  Irwin;  Surgeon.  Henry  Long;  Assistant  Surgeon,  J.  B.  Alton;  Chaplain,  W.  p. 
Kindrick. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  J.  J.   B;MIe. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain.  J.  M.  Reynolds. 
Ansnn,  R.J^k.  in  action  r.t  Thompson's  Station.  I  Cobb,  James  L,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Doug- 
March  5,  18G.J.  [     lass. 
47 


738  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Lindsay,  W.  M.,  d.  in  hospital. 

Oakley,  J.  B.,  k.  at  Parker's  Cross-roads. 

Phillips,  J.  B.,  d.  in  prison. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  C.  F.  Barnes. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Lewis  M.  Kirk. 


Smith,  John  M.,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Doug- 
las. 


Fox,  B.  W.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Columbia,  Tenn 

March  15,  W63. 
McLean,  C.  D.,  d.  of  wounds  in  April,  1S63. 

COMPANY  E. 
,      Captain,  Gideon  J.  Adkison. 
Pigg,  J.  II.,  k.  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  Jan.  15,  1863 

|t  .  COMPANY  F. 

Captain,  J.  W.  Johnson. 


Hasan,  F.  M.  A.,  k.  at  Jackson,  Tenn-  July  13, 
18G3. 


Montague,  First  Lieutenant  James  P.,  k.  at 
Parker's  Cross-roads,  Dec.  31, 18G2. 

Johnson,  Second  Lieutenant  J.  R.,  k.  at  Thomp- 
son's Scut  ion,  March  5,  lSt>3. 

Blackshare,  J.  N.,  k.  May  16, 1863, 


Muze,  Milton,  d.  April  28,  1S63. 
Nipper,  Munson,  d.  in  prison,  March  16,  1S63. 
Warrington,  John,  k.  at  Thompson's  Station, 
March  5, 1863. 


COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  John  S.  Groves 


Hudson,  M.  H.,  d.  April  4, 1S63. 

Bond,  Robert,  k.  at  Thompson's  Station,  March 
5,  1S63. 


COMPANY  H. 
Captain,  Thomas  S.  Beatty, 
Boyce,  James  M..  d.  in  prison,  Dec.  31,  1802. 
Blackburn,  "VTiliium,  k.  at  Thompson's  Station, 

March  5,  1863. 

Kirk.  Walter,  k.  at  Thompson's  Station,  March    Randle,  James  C,  d.  June  4, 1863. 
6,  1863. 

COMPANY  I. 
Captain,  J.  H.  Cu!p. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  R.  M.  Sharp. 

COMPANY  L. 
Captain,  R.  P.  Ford. 


TWENTIETH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

(NIXON'S.) 
By  G.  H.  Nixon,  Lawrenceburg,  Tenn. 

Soon  after  the  battle  of  Chiekamauga  Col.  G.  H.  Nixon,  Lieut.-col.  T.  R. 
Hughes,  and  other  officers  of  the  Forty-eighth  Tennessee  Infantry,  were  or- 
dered or  directed  by  the  Secretary  of  War  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America 
to  raise  within  the  enemy's  lines  in  Tennessee  a  command  of  cavalry  for  service 
in  the  Confederate  army.  Accordingly  Col.  Nixon  established  head-quarters  near 
Lamb's  Ferry,  on  the  Tennessee  River.  Here  he  was  at  once  joined  by  Capt, 
Thomas  II.  Paine  with  a  company  of  men  which  lie  had  organized  and  brought 
out  of  Middle  Tennessee.  This  company  was  made  the  nucleus  of  the  regiment. 
Col.  Nixon  then  gave  proper  directions  to  the  officers  engaged  in  recruiting,  and 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        739 


very  soon  a  splendid  battalion  was  in  camp  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  at  the 
Muscle  Shoals.  "While  there  recruiting  the  command  had  a  number  of  engage- 
ments with  the  enemy,  and  was  master  of  the  situation  for  thirty  miles  up  and 
down  the  shoals  of  the  river.  This  position  aflurded  an  easy  way  to  reach  recruits 
for  the  command.  About  this  time  the  Hon.  A.  O.  P.  Xuhol.-on,  United  States 
Senator  from  Tennessee,  was  exiled  and  driven  out  of  the  State  by  the  Federals. 
Senator  Nicholson  was  ordered  across  the  Tennessee  River  at  McKernon's  Island, 
and  was  there  met  and  protected  by  Nixon's  command,  where  he  remained  for 
some  time. 

Early  in  1SG4  two  brigades  of  Federal  cavalry  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  at 
Decatur,  Ala.,  and  moved  in  the  direction  of  Moulton,  near  which  place  Col. 
Johnson's  and  Col.  Patterson's  Alabama  regiments  and  Col.  Carter's  and  Col.  Nix- 
on's Tennessee  cavalry  had  quite  an  engagement,  lasting  from  dawn  until  late  in 
the  evening.  In  this  engagement  Lieut. -col.  T.  R.  Hughes,  of  Nixon'^  command, 
was  captured.  He  was  a  prudent,  brave,  and  chivalrous  officer.  Soon  after  this 
engagement  orders  were  received  from  Gen.  Forrest  for  Col.  Nixon  to  move  his 
command  into  Tennessee,  and  strike  the  North-western  railroad  anywhere  between 
Nashville  and  Johnsonville  at  the  most  vulnerable  point,  and  if  possible  destroy 
the  usefulness  of  the  road,  and  use  every  effort  to  draw  the  Federal  cavalry  from 
the  line  of  the  Nashville  and  Decatur  railroad.  This  move  was  executed  in  such 
a  manner  as  to  accomplish  all  Gen.  Forrest  desired  —  the  withdrawal  of  the  Fed- 
eral cavalry  from  the  line  of  the  Nashville  and  Decatur  railroad  in  the  direction 
of  the  North-western  railroad.  On  the  return  of  Col.  Nixon  he  met  Gen.  Forrest's 
command  crossing  the  Tennessee  River  at  Colbert's  Shoals,  twenty  miles  below 
Florence,  Ala.  Gen.  Forrest  at  once  moved  his  command  up  the  north  side  of 
the  river,  and  attacked  the  fortifications  at  Athens,  Ala.,  reducing  them,  and  tak- 
ing three  thousand  Federal  prisoners.  A  Federal  infantry  regiment  was  sent  out 
from  Decatur  to  reenforce  Athens.  Nixon's  regiment  was  dismounted  and  ordered 
by  Gen.  Forrest  in  person  to  meet  the  regiment  from  Decatur.  An  engagement 
botween  the  two  regiments  took  place  in  an  open  field.  Nixon's  regiment — three 
hundred  strong — got  the  advantage  of  the  first  fire  on  the  enemy,  and  soon  capt- 
ured the  Federal  infantry,  five  hundred  strong.  This  unequal  contest  was  wit- 
nessed by  Gen.  Forrest.  Tiie  Federals  captured  at  and  near  Athens  amounted  to 
about  four  thousand.  These  prisoners  were  placed  in  the  care  of  Col.  Nixon's 
regiment,  and  were  marched  thirty  miles  in  the  direction  of  Florence,  and  crossed 
the  Tennessee  River  at  Bainbridge.  The  ri^ht  flank  of  Col.  Nixon  was  exposed 
to  an  attack  of  the  enemy  until  he  crossed  the  river.  The  prisoners  were  con- 
ducted to  West  Point,  Miss.,  without  the  escape  of  a  single  man.  Soon  after  this 
Nixon's  regiment  moved  into  West  Tennessee  with  Gen.  Forrest.  In  this  move 
Johnsonville,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  was  destroyed  by  Capt.  Morton's  battery, 
and  a  number  of  transports  were  captured  and  sunk. 

In  November,  1S64.  Gen.  Hood  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  at  Florence.  Ala., 
and  moved  ids  army  into  Middle  Tennessee,  Forrest's  cavalry  in  advance,  Nixon's 
regiment  in  Bell's  brigade  and  Buford's  division.  The  Confederate  cavalry  first 
met  the  Federal  forces  at  Lawrenceburg,  Tenn.,  where  an  engagement  took  place, 
the  Federals  giving  way  and  retiring  on  the  Pulaski  and  Columbia  road.  The 
next  day  an  engagement  took  place  at  Campbellsvllle,  Giles  county,  where  the 
Federal  cavalry  was  badly  worsted.    It  was  from  then  on — Columbia,  Duck  River, 


740  Militauy  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Spring  Hill,  Franklin,  Brentwood,  and  on  to  Nashville — contested  engagements, 
more  particularly  at  Spring  Hill  and  Franklin;  and  on  the  day  after  the  battle 
at  Franklin,  three  miles  south-east  of  Brentwood  Col.  Nixon's  regiment  charged 
through  the  center  of  a  Federal  brigade  of  cavalry  formed  in  line  of  battle,  pat- 
ting to  flight  and  capturing  many  of  them.  In  this  engagement  the  brave  and 
gallant  Adjutant  Bayless  was  wounded.  During  the  contest  around  Nashville 
Nixon's  regiment  was  stationed  on  the  right  flank  of  Gen.  Hood's  army,  alon? 
Mill  Creek  from  Cumberland  Paver  to  Dogtown.  Several  enga^er^t-nts  took 
place.  On  this  line  of  Hood's  army  no  serious  demonstration  was  made.  On  Gen. 
Flood's  retreat  from  Nashville  Forrest's  cavalry  hovered  around  and  protected  the 
rear  of  the  retreating  Confederate  infantry  under  Gen.  Hood.  Many  ^i  the  in- 
fantry were  without  shoes,  staggering  on  the  frozen  ground  with  bleeding  feet. 
At  Hollow  Tree  Gap,  while  the  Confederates  were  chased  and  hewn  down,  Col. 
Nixon,  with  a  part  of  his  regiment  and  the  aid  of  two  pieces  of  artillery,  captured 
the  advancing  battalion  of  Federal  cavalry,  and  mounted  the  broken-down  and 
shoeless  infantry  of  the  Confederates,  and  parsed  along  the  P'ranklin  pike  within 
range  of  a  regiment  of  Federal  troops,  who  withheld  their  fire  ori  account  of  the 
presence  of  their  comrades  who  were  just  captured.  By  this  capture  and  check 
of  the  Federals  the  Confederate  army  was  enabled  to  cross  the  swollen  Harpeth  at 
Franklin  without  loss.  From  Franklin  to  Duck  River  near  Columbia  it  was  al- 
most a  hand-to-hand  ficht  between  the  Confederate  and  Federal  cavalrv.  After 
the  Confederates  passed  Duck  River  Geri.  Hood  was  not  molested  until  lie  reached 
and  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  in  safety  at  Bainbridge. 

Early  in  1S65  Col.  Nixon's  and  Col.  Logwood's  regiments  were  consolidated  and 
designated  in  army  orders  as  "Nixon's  Regiment" — G.  H.  Nixon,  Colonel:  Log- 
wood, Lieutenant-colonel;  and  Crews,  Major.  This  regiment  was  placed  in  Gen. 
A.  W.  Campbell's  brigade,  and  at  the  surrender  at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  had  about 
four  hundred  well-mounted  and  effective  men.  Just  before  the  surrender  they  had 
an  engagement  with  two  regiments  of  Federal  cavalry,  and  drove  them  acru^s  the 
Cahawba  River  near  Centreville,  Ala. 

Before  the  consolidation  with  Col.  Logwood's  regiment  the  command  was  offi- 
cered as  follows:  Colonel,  G.  H.  Nixon;  Lieutenant-colonel,  Thomas  R.  Hus:::e<: 

Major, Gilbert;  Captains,  Thomas  H,  Paine,  Lewis  Miller,  O.  T.  Piummer, 

Bf.  Voss,  George  P.  H.  Craig,  John  W.  Benham,  and  other  Captains,  Lieutenants, 
etc.  After  the  consolidation  Col.  Nixon,  Lieut. -col.  Logwood,  Maj.  Crew<.  Capts. 
Waddell  and  others,  were  in  command.  After  Gen.  Hood's  retreat  from  Tennes- 
see Col.  Nixon  commanded  Pucker's  brigade,  in  Gen.  W.  H.  Jackson's  division,  up 
to  within  a  few  da\v  of  the  surrender,  when  Gen.  A.  W.  Campbell  was  cm  mis- 
sioned and  assumed  command. 

Official]  Headquarters,  Lamb's  Ferry-,  Ala., 

May  27,  1864. 
Dear  General:  I  pm  here  raising  a  regiment  under  authority  of  the  Secretary 
of  War;  also  Capt.  Carter,  of  Wheeler's  scouts,  with  like  authority.  It  Is  our  pur- 
pose to  tender  you  the  command  of  the  forces  when  organized.  Capt.  Career  re- 
sides in  Rutherford  county,  Tenn.,  and  is  a  warm  friend  of  yours.  We  think  you 
have  been  shamefully  treated.  I  have  scouts  and  recruiting  detachments  in  Ten- 
nessee constantly,     I  get  news  from  there  everv  day  or  so.     For  the  la.-t  three 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.        741 


weeks  there  have  been  but  few  Federal*  in  Middle  Tennessee.  At  this  time  there 
are  four  hundred  at  Pulaski,  three  hundred  at  Columbia,  one  regiment  at  Shelby- 
ville,  and  about  eight  hundred  men  at  Murfreesboro.     Two  thousand  men  could 

destroy  the  Tennessee  and  Alabama  railroad  without  molestation.  The  people 
are  trying  to  farm  as  much  as  possible,  and  will  make  a  pretty  poor  crop.  I  wish 
you  were  here  with  a  good  command  of  cavalry  to  move  into  Tennessee.  The 
Tennessee  Kiver  is  now  fordable  at  the  shoals  above  and  below  Lamb's  Ferry. 
The  Federals  have  a  pretty  strong  force  at  Decatur — three  or  four  thousand  strong. 
General,  write  me  all  the  news  from  Lee  and  Johnston. 
Respectfully  your  obedient  servant, 

[Signed]  G.  H.  Nixon, 

Colonel  Twentieth  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

NOTE.  —  This  was  found  among  the  muster-rolls  of  the  Nineteenth  Cavalry, 
the  only  paper.on  file. 


From  Forrest's  Campaigns. 

TWENTIETH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

(RUSSELL'S.)  '    • 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
K  M.  Russell,  Colonel ;  S.  J.  Ray,  Assistant  Quartermaster;  J.  B.  Westbrook,  Assistant  Sur- 
geon; H.  C.  Grier,  Lieutenant-colonel;  T.  C.  McNeill, Surgeon;  A.  G.  Hawkins,  Lieutenant  and 
Adjutant;  H.  F.  Bowman,  Major. 

Company  Officers. 

Co.  A:  William  Gay,  Captain;  J.  H.  Biakemore,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  N.  Gay,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; R.  H.  Goodman,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  William  H.  Hawkins,  Captain;  N.  W.  McNeill,  First  Lieutenant;  William  H. Courts, 
Second  Lieutenant;  M.  B.  Dinwiddie,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  J.  T.  Mat  his,  Captain;  J.  P.  Armstrong,  First  Lieutenant;  N.  S.  Halliburton,  Second 
Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  J.  A.Shane,  Captain;  J.  R.  Dance,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  W.  Herrin,  Second  Lieuten- 
ant; G.  F.  Nelson,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  E:  W.  D.  Hallam,  Captain;  J.  A.  Caster,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  F:  J.  C.  Wilson,  Captain;  J.  A.  Crutchtield,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  G:  J.  R.  Hibbitt,  Captain. 

Co.  H:  J.  R.  Gardner,  Captain  ;  A.  C.  Miller,  First  Lieutenant;  R.  C.  McLesky,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; George  Cathey,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  I :  W.  H.  Lawler,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  K:  M.  H.  Freeman,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  J.  Killebrew,  Second  Lieutenant;  T.J.  Burton, 
Second  Lieutenant. 


TWENTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  Roeert  L.  Morris,  Nashville,  Tens. 

The  last  regiment,  and  probably  the  last  body  o^  any  sort,  organized  from  Ten- 
nessee recruits  on  the  Confederate  side  was  that  of  the  Twenty-first  Tennessee 
Cavalry — or  "Carter's"  regiment,  as  it  was  more  generally  known.  It  was  com- 
posed largely  of  young  men  who  had  grown  to  manhood  daring  the  long  four 


742  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

years  of  war.  In  fact,  many  of  them  were  still  boys  in  years,  but  whom  the  rough 
and  stormy  times  had  schooled  into  the  bravery  and  hardihood  of  men.  They 
were  enlisted  inside  of  the  enemy's  lines,  and  though  under  his  yoke,  and  taught 
by  deserters  and  converted  Unionists  that  the  cause  was  hopeless,  they  neverthe- 
less burned  to  add  their  strength  and  valor  to  the  cause  of  the  Southern  Confed- 
eracy; and  in  several  instances  they  had  actually  to  fight  their  way  to  the  Confed- 
erate lines.  The  writer  well  remembers  when  a  squad  of  eighteen  men — the 
nucleus  of  Company  F — all  raw  recruits  except  the  Captain  (Robert  Withers),  on 
their  way  to  Kittikaskia  Springs,  the  head-quarters  of  the  regiment  in  the  Ten- 
nessee Valley,  were  attacked  by  two  companies  of  Brownlow's  regiment,  sent  in 
pursuit  from  Franklin,  Tenn.  The  squad  was  overtaken  a  few  miles  south  of 
Lawrenceburg,  on  the  old  military  road,  when,  taking  to  the  woods,  a  running 
tight  of  miles  was  maintained;  and  the  enemy  were  not  shaken  off  until  after  about 
two  hours  of  pursuit  and  an  almost  continuous  fusilade — a  precipitous  bluff  and 
creek,  bordered  on  the  other  side  by  a  more  dense  undergrowth,  finally  halting 
the  pursuers. 

Again,  starting  with  another  company  of  about  thirty  or  more  recruits  for  Com- 
pany F,  they  were  attacked  near  Nolensville,  Tenn.,  by  a  small  scouting  party  of 
Federals.  The  assailants  were  handsomely  routed,  and  three  prisoners  made,  who 
were  paroled  and  allowed  to  return  to  Nashville. 

The  history  of  recruiting  for  Company  F  was,  no  doubt,  the  general  history  of 
all  other  companies  composing  the  regiment.  The  very  horses,  arms,  and  equip- 
ments of  the  members  were  generally  captured  from  isolated  squads  of  Federals 
traversing  the  country,  our  richest  captures  being  made  on  the  turnpikes  lead- 
ing from  Nashville  and  from  wood-camps  established  to  supply  wood  to  the  Gov- 
ernment, which  were  generally  guarded  by  a  few  soldiers.  One  member  of  Com- 
pany F,  a  boy  not  more  than  fifteen  or  sixteen  years  of  age,  mounted  the  richly- 
caparisoned  horse  of  a  Federal  officer  left  momentarily  by  his  rider  on  the  public 
square  in  the  city  of  Nashville,  and  dashing  past  the  pickets  on  the  Lebanon 
turnpike,  joined  us  the  same  day  on  the  Stewart  Ferry  road.  Another  member 
(James  Turnei),  not  much  older,  laid  himself  down  in  the  weeds  on  the  side  of 
the  Lebanon  pike,  and  with  a  small  self-cocking  pistol  as  his  only  weapon,  capt- 
ured a  Federal  cavalryman  riding  leisurely  along  reading  a  newspaper.  Dis- 
mounting him,  his  horse,  arms,  and  overcoat  were  generously  appropriated  on  be- 
half of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 

But  to  return  to  a  history  of  the  regiment.  Its  origin  was  as  follows:  In  the 
fall  of  1862  Nathan  W.  Carter,  of  La  Vergne,  Tenn.,  raised  a  cavalry  company  in 
that  vicinity,  which  was  known  as  "Carter's  Scouts."  Their  intimate  knowledge 
.  of  the  country,  in  which  most  of  them  were  reared,  enabled  them  to  be  of  much 
benefit  to  the  Confederate  army  before  and  during  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro:  and 
the  company  and  its  Captain  became  great  favorites  with  Gen.  Joseph  "Wheeler. 
After  serving  with  Gen.  Wheeler  for  some  time,  taking  part  in  his  numerous  en- 
gagements, raids,  and  retreats,  the  idea  was  conceived  of  organizing  a  regiment, 
whose  principal  duty  was  to  be  that  of  scouting  and  picketing  for  the  Army  of 
Tennessee,  and  their  base  of  operations  to  be  in  the  Tennessee  Valley  below  De- 
catur. Accordingly,  in  the  spring  of  1864  Capt.  Carter,  through  the  influence  of 
Gen.  Wheeler,  obtained  from  Hon.  J.  A.  Seddon,  Secretary  of  War  at  Richmond, 
a  commission  as  Colonel,  with  authority  to  recruit  a  regiment  inside  the  enemy's 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


lines.  With  this  object  in  view,  Carter  established  a  camp  at  Kittika-kia  Springs, 
in  the  Tennessee  Valley,  a  short  distance  below  Courtland,  Ala.  About  this  time 
the  enlistment  of  three  years  of  members  of  the  First  Tennessee  Infantry  expired, 
and  a  few  of  them  enlisted  with  Carter.  Two  of  these  (R.  II.  Dudley  and  Rob- 
ert Withers)  were  authorized  by  Carter  to  raise  companies  for  his  regiment.  The 
services  of  others  were  likewise  secured,  and  by  the  time  Gen.  Wheeler  made  his 
first  raid  into  Tennessee,  in  the  summer  of  1864,  a  first-rate  battalion  was  formed; 
and  crossing  Tennessee  River  at  Bainbridge,  to  form  a  junction  with  Gen.  Wheel- 
er,  they  ctruck  the  two  companies  of  Brownlow's  regiment  mentioned  above,  about 
four  miles  from  Florence,  and  whipped  them,  killing  and  capturing  several  of  tb« 
enemy.  In  this  engagement  the  raw  recruits  exhibited  the  steadiness  of  veter- 
ans, as  Carter  was  taken  very  much  at  a  disadvantage.  None  of  the  enemy  were 
supposed  to  be  near,  and  the  command  had  just  dismounted  to  feed  their  horses 
and  cook  their  breakfast,  when  the  pickets  were  run  in,  followed  closely  by  the 
Federals.  The  command  to  mount  and  charge  was  quickly  given,  and  the  enemy 
were  soon  routed.  Failing  to  reach  Gen.  Wheeler's  command,  Col-  Carter  re- 
turned to  the  Tenuessee  Valley  and  resumed  camp  again  at  Kittikaskia  Springs. 
The  several  companies  filled  up  pretty  rapidly,  and  when  Gen.  Wheeler,  in  the 
month,  of  August,  approached  the  Tennessee  River,  followed  by  heavy  forces  of 
the  enemy,  the  Twenty-first  was  able  to  form  a  junction  with  him  north  of  Law- 
renceburg  with  a  still  larger  body  of  men,  and  returning  with  his  command  re- 
crossed  the  Tennessee  River  just  below  Florence,  and  again  went  into  camp  at 
Kittikaskia  Springs.  Here  the  time  was  spent  in  recruiting  and  scouting  in  Mid- 
dle Tennessee  until  Gen.  Forrest  started  on  his  raid  into  Tennessee,  in  September, 
18G4.  On  the  21st  of  that  month  the  regiment,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Car- 
ter, crossed  the  river  at  Bainbridge,  with  Roddey's  command,  and  were  joined  the 
next  day  at  Florence  by  Gen.  Forrest's  command,  which  had  crossed  at  Colbert's 
Ferry. 

At  this  time  the  regiment  numbered  about  four  hundred  men.  All  of  the  com- 
panies had  perfected  their  organizations,  but  the  regimental  field  officers  had  not 
been  selected  further  than  X.  W.  Carter  as  Colonel,  with  a  Commissary  acting 
under  appointment  from  him.  In  fact,  the  regimental  organization  was  not  fully 
perfected  until  while  in  camp  at  Shelbyville,  Tenn.,  upon  Gen.  Hood's  campaign 
into  Tennessee,  when  Robert  Withers  was  made  Lieutenant-colonel;  R.  H.  Dud- 
ley, Major;  Robert  Owen,  Adjutant;  and  T.  S.  Leftwich,  Commissary. 

Gen.  Forrest's  line  of  march  led  by  Athens,  Ala.,  which  was  taken,  with  about 
fourteen  hundred  men,  rank  and  file,  and  about  four  hundred  others  sent  to 
"reenforce  them. 

The  morning  of  the  25th  of  September  found  Gen.  Forrest,  with  his  command, 
in  front  of  ''Sulphur  Trestle,"  on  the  line  of  the  Tennessee  and  Alabama  rail- 
road. The  trestle  was  a  costly  structure  which  spanned  a  deep  ravine  some  four 
hundred  feet  across,  and  was  sixty  feet  high.  It  was  defended  by  a  strong  redoubt 
garnished  with  artillery  and  heavily  garrisoned.  There  were  also  in  t he  arrange- 
ments for  its  defense  several  block-houses.  The  redoubt,  with  faces  of  about  three 
hundred  feet  in  length,  was  constructed  so  as  to  command  the  trestle  and  all  it* 
approaches.  It  was  furnished  with  two  twelve-pound  howitzers  skillfully  arranged 
to  fire  through  embrasures,  while  about  two  hundred  yards  in  advance  on  three 
sides  was  surrounded  by  riHe-pits.     Rueker's  brigade,  led  by  Col.  Keiley  and  sap- 


744  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


.ported  by  Col.  Carter's  regiment  and  a  portion  of  Roddey's  command,  were  dis- 
mounted and  ordered  to  charge  the  rifle-pits  and  drive  every  thing  within  the 
fort.  The  charge  was  made  across  an  open  field,  with  every  musket  and  the  artil- 
lery of  the  enemy  in  full  blaze.  The  right  was  short,  but  very  hot.  The  enemy  soon 
sought  shelter  with  in  the  fort,  but  not  until  several  valuable  men  of  the  Confederate 
force  had  been  killed,  and  Col.  Carter,  gallantly  leading  his  regiment,  was  badly 
wounded.  For  the  gallantry  of  the  Twenty-first  in  this  charge  they  were  publicly 
complimented  by  Gen.  Forrest.  With  a  favorable  position  gained  by  Forrest's 
artillery,  aided  by  a  lively  tire  from  the  riflemen,  the  redoubt  soon  wore  the  aspect 
of  a  slaughter-pen.  Over  two  hundred  Federal  officers  and  men  were  slain,  in- 
cluding Col.  Lathrop,  the  commander.  Gen.  Forrest  ordering  a  cessation  of  hos- 
tilities, the  demand  for  a  surrender  was  acceded  to,  eight  hundred  and  twenty 
officers  and  men  capitulating. 

The  Twenty-first  Tennessee  continued  with  Forrest's  command  in  Middle  Ten- 
nessee until  he  was  forced  by  overpowering  numbers  to  retire  across  Tennessee 
River.  Early  in  October  the  regiment  again  went  into  camp  in  the  Tennessee  Val- 
ley at  its  old  camping-ground,  and  continued  to  gather  recruits.  With  the  coming 
of  Gen.  Hood's  army  into  the  valley  on  its  way  into  Tennessee,  numerous  acces- 
sions were  made  to  the  regiment  by  transfers  from  the  infantry  while  encamped 
together  at  Tuscumbia,  Ala.  By  the  time  a  forward  movement  began  the  com- 
panies were  pretty  well  filled,  and  the  regiment  numbered  six  or  seven  hundred 
men.  It  will  be  remembered  that  at  this  period  of  the  war  few  regiments  num- 
bered so  many.  Col.  Carter  being  still  disabled  by  his  wound,  Robert  Withers, 
Captain  of  Co.  F,  was  selected  to  command  the  regiment  in  Carter's  place,  no 
regimental  organization  being  yet  perfected  other  than  temporary  appointments 
of  Adjutant  and  Commissary,  it  being  thought  advisable  to  await  the  return  of 
Col.  Carter. 

The  Twenty-first  crossed  Tennessee  River  with  Jackson's  division  of  cavalry,  to 
which  it  was  attached;  Gen.  Forrest,  upon  his  arrival,  having  been  placed  in  com- 
mand of  the  entire  cavalry  force  of  Hood's  army.  The  crossing  was  made  about 
the  12th  of  October,  1S64,  and  camp  pitched  that  night  several  miles  north  of 
Florence,  toward  Lawrenceburg. 

Shortly  after  the  movement  into  Tennessee  began,  Col.  Hill  was  ordered  to  the 
command  of  the  regiment,  and  it  was  placed  in  the  van-guard  on  the  Lawrence- 

iburg  road.  While  waiting  for  the  crossing  of  the  infantry  and  artillery,  the  regi- 
ment was  put  forward  several  miles  in  advance  as  a  protection  for  forage-trains. 
After  proceeding  leisurely  for  several  miles,  and  coming  to  where  the  road  forked, 
a  counter-march  was  being  executed,  when  the  Federals  suddenly  appeared,  and 
opened  fire  upon  the  regiment  in  this  position.  A  momentary  panic  ensued,  but 
order  was  quickly  restored,  and,  falling  back  a  few  hundred  yards,  a  line  was 
formed  and  the  attack  of  the  enemy  awaited,  but  no  further  demonstration  was 
made. 

About  the  21st  of  November  found  the  regiment,  still  in  the  van,  encamped  for 
the  night  within  five  miles  of  Lawrenceburg.  Early  next  morning,  about  day- 
light, Capt.  Withers,  with  a  picked  body  of  men,  numbering  about  twenty-five, 
went  forward  to  drive  in  the  pickets  and  feel  of  the  enemy  in  the  town  of  Law- 
renceburg, as  they  were  thought  to  be  in  considerable  force  there.  The  pickets 
were  driven  in,  and  the  town  found  to  be  alire  with  the  enemv,  to  the  number  of 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Mehobial  Rolls.        715 


four  or  five  thousand,  in  command  of  Gen.  Hatch.  A  courier  was  dispatched  to 
Col.  Hill  with  the  information,  and  po>iti'm  was  taken  by  "Withers  and  his  little 
command  on  a  hill  overlooking  Lawreneeburg  and  across  the  road  leading  south. 
In  a  little  while  a  pretty  heavy  skirmish  line  was  put  forward  by  the  enemy,  when, 
falling  still  farther  back,  a  better  position  was  obtained  by  Capt.  Withers  where 
the  road  led  up  a  narrow  valley.  Word  was  here  received  from  Col.  Hill  that 
Jackson's  division  was  yet  several  miles  in  the  rear;  that  he  was  fortifying  with 
rails,  and  for  him  (Withers)  to  check  the  advance  of  the  enemy  if  possible.  It 
was  soon  discovered  that  the  Federals  were  making  a  reconnoissance  in  force,  as 
they  approached  in  pretty  solid  column,  with  their  flanks  well  extended.  Wait- 
ing until  they  were  well  in  the  narrow  valley  and  had  begun  the  ascent  of  the 
hill,  the  command  to  charge  was  given,  and,  spurring  their  horses,  the  little  band 
boldly  struck  the  head  of  the  column,  and  penetrated  some  distance  into  their 
lines.  For  a  few  minutes  a  desperate  hand-to-hand  fight  ensued.  Turning,  the 
company  made  its  way  out  with  the  loss  of  only  one  man,  but  nearly  every  horse 
was  more  or  less  badly  wounded.  Several  of  the  Federals  were  slain.  The  Con- 
federate killed  in  this  encounter  was  Mac  Halfacre,  of  Co.  F,  recently  transferred 
from  the  signal  corps — a  brave  and  gallant  soldier.  The  attack  was  sufficient  to 
check  the  advance  of  the  enemy,  and  they  retired  to  Lawreneeburg.  With  the 
appearance  of  Jackson  his  artillery  was  favorably  stationed  and  fire  opened  on 
the  town.  In  the  afternoon,  with  the  troops  dismounted,  an  assault  was  made. 
The  Twenty-first  Tennessee  and  Twenty-eighth  Mississippi,  occupying  the  ceutt-r 
of  the  line,  bore  the  brunt  of  the  engagement.  So  swiftly  and  hardly  were  the 
enemy  pressed  that  their  camp  was  taken  and  a  good  deal  of  valuable  material 
and  much-needed  rations  captured. 

The  Twenty-first  Tennessee  continued  in  the  advance,  with  many  hot  skirmishes 
each  day,  until  Duck  River  was  crossed,  when  they  were  relieved.  At  the  battle 
of  Franklin  the  Twenty-first  was  upon  the  extreme  right  wing,  and  performed  its 
share  of  that  useless  and  bloody  battle,  losing  several  men.  In  this  fight  First 
Lieut.  Dismukes,  of  Co.  F,  was  badly  wounded. 

From  Franklin  the  Twenty-first  was  sent  with  Jackson's  and  Buford's  divisions 
to  Murfreesboro,  which  place  Gen.  Rousseau  held  with  a  force  of  fully  eight  thou- 
sand men,  while  the  Confederate  force  numbered  only  six  thousand  five  hundred. 
In  the  sortie  made  by  Rousseau  the  Twenty-first  Tennessee,  with  the  Eighth  or 
Eleventh  Texas,  occupied  an  old  line  of  rifle-pits  overlooking  a  cotton-field  over 
which  the  enemy  must  come.  Word  was  passed  along  the  line  to  hold  the  fire 
until  the  word  of  command  was  given  by  Capt.  Withers.  The  enemy  was  allowed 
to  approach  very  close  without  a  shot  from  the  Twenty-first,  when,  leaping  from 
his  pit,  Withers  gave  the  command  to  fire,  and  a  deadly  volley  was  poured  into 
the  enemy,  followed  by  another,  and  still  another.  They  recoiled,  and  fell  back 
in  confusion.  In  this  engagement  the  Texas  regiment  just  to  the  right  m  the 
Twenty-first  Tennessee  began  to  desert  their  pits,  but,  finding  that  the  Twenty-first 
stood  manfully  to  their  pests,  they  returned;  nor  was  this  part  of  the  line  broken 
that  day,  while  Bate's  division  of  infantry  was  badly  discomfited  and  driven  back. 
The  reports  of  the  Federal  commanders  showed  that  the  reserved  fire  of  the  Twen- 
ty-first was  remarkably  effective.  The  Federal  regiment  facing  them  was  more 
than  decimated  in  a  few  minutes. 

From  Murfreesboro,  while  Hood  was  still  investing  Nashville,  the  Twenty-first 


746  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

was  ordered  to  Shelbvville,  and  while  there  the  regimental  organization  was  com- 
pleted,  as  before  mentioned.  The  town  was  attacked  by  a  battalion  of  Tennessee 
Federal  troops,  who  were  repulsed  with  a  loss  of  two  men  killed  and  several  pris- 
oners, and,  being  pursued,  retired  into  the  fortifications  at  Wartrace. 

As  Gen.  Hood  began  to  fall  back  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  gather  up  beef- 
cattle  and  drive  them  toward  the  Tennessee  Itiver.  Pursuant  to  this  order,  a 
large  number  of  cattle  was  gathered  in  the  counties  of  Bedford  and  Lincoln:  but 
;  as  much  delay  was  experienced  in  gathering  them  up  and  driving  them,  Hood's 

army,  which  was  rapidly  falling  back,  soon  passed  south  of  the  regiment.  Cou- 
rier after  courier  had  been  dispatched,  but  none  returned.  Finding  that  the  reji- 
ment  was  cut  ofi  from  a  junction  with  Hood  and  intercepted  upon  all  roads  to  the 
Tennessee  River,  the  order  to  disperse  was  given,  with  instructions  to  cross  the 
river  and  rendezvous  at  Iuka,  Miss.,  after  returning  home  and  obtaining  fresh 
horses  and  clothing.  Only  a  portion  of  the  regiment  finally  made  their  way  out, 
but  sufficient  to  form  three  full  companies. 

In  the  reorganization  of  Forrest's  cavalry,  in  March,  1864,  Nixon's  Eecimenr, 
the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and  Twenty -first,  were  consolidated.  These  regiments, 
as  thus  consolidated,  mustered  an  "aggregate  present"  of  four  hundred  and  thirty- 
seven.  This  regiment  took  part  in  the  last  campaign  against  Gen.  Wilson,  which 
culminated  at  Selma,  Ala.,  and  finally  surrendered  with  Forrest  at  Gainesville, 
Ala.,  in  May,  1864. 

It  is  believed  that  there  is  no  roster  of  the  regiment  extant,  and  these  notes 
have  been  hastily  prepared  as  the  work  goes  to  press.  It  is  probable  that  a  tol- 
j  erable  roster  of  the  several  companies  might  have  been  made  from  the  recollec- 

tion of  the  survivors,  though  by  no  means  accurate  and  full,  as  more  than  twenty 
years  have  now  passed  since  the  close  of  that  gigantic  struggle  between  the  North 
and  the  South. 

The  following  is  a  roster  of  Co.  F,  of  which  the  writer  was  a  member,  compiled 
from  recollection,  and  not  giving  more  than  one-half  of  its  true  members: 

Officers. 
Captain,  Robert  Withers.  I     Lieutenant-colonelcy,  R.  L.  Morris  wa.?  made 

First  Lieutenant,  Robert  L.  Morris.  j     Captain.  John  L.  Disnmkes   Fir-r  Llearen- 

Second  Lieutenant,  John  L.  Dismukes.  I     ant,  and  Jones  Bixter  Second  Lieutenant.] 

[After  the  promotion  of  Robert  Withers  to  the  I  Orderly  Sergeant,  Reuben  Safiarecs. 


Strattoo,  Mosely  T. 
Walton,  Ike 
Hedgepeth,  Robert 
Boner,  Henry 
Hurt,  Millon 
Hughley,  Turner 
Elam,  James 
Frazier,  William 
Terry,  Geo. 
Perry,  William 
Smith,  Tom 
Turner,  James 
Dennison,  John 
Dennison,  Thomas 
Roberts,  Wm. 
Hailacre,  Mac 


Phivates. 

Walsh,  Wm. 
Holmes,  Cage 

Laiten, 

Laurent,  Emile 
Laurent,  Ed. 
Laurent,  Eugene 
Lawrence,  Vaughn 
Page,  Clay 
Castleman,  Joseph 
Clemens,  F.  M. 
Clay,  Wm. 
Steele,  Asbury 
Matlock,  Button 
Goodwin,  Wm. 
Goodwin,  Ewing 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        717 


Williams,  Zach. 

[Of  these,  Mac  Halfacre,  Button  •Matlock,  and 
Asbury  Steele  were  killed;  Eugene  Laurent 


was  drowned  crossing  Hatrhie  River,  iu  \Ve«t 
Tennessee;  and  Elam  died  of  fever  in  Ala- 
bama.] 


Carter,  N.  W.,  Co.  A. 
Ezell,  James  B.,  Co.  B. 
Vaughn,  N.  W.,  Co.  C. 
Dudley,  Bobt,  Co.  E. 
Withers,  Robt.,  Co.  F. 


Captains. 

Oliver,- ,  Co.G. 

Norton, ,  Co.  H. 

Hollowell,  Thos.,  Co.  I. 
Vanhouten,  J.  B.,  Co.  K. 


FOURTH   BATTALION  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

Official.']  ■ 

Lieutenant-colonel,  B.  M.  Branner 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Wm.  F.  Ragsdale. 

Ward,  George  W.,  d.  1661. 

Young,  William,  d.  May  22,  in  Coffee  cog  cry 


Ellis,  William  O.,  d.  1862. 
Howard,  Joseph,  d.  1861. 
Soule,  Rufus,  d.  1862. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  John  R.  Rowan. 


Johnston,  William  H.,  d.  at  Crossville,  Jan.  23, 

1862. 
Webb,  Larkin,  d.  JIarch  1, 1862. 
Cunningham,  John  EL,  d.  Feb.  8,  1862. 
Hedgccock,  James,  d.  Feb.  21, 1S62. 


Tate,  John,  d.  Feb.  21,  1862. 
Hix.  Russell,  d.  Oct.  11,  1861. 
Brown,  Lieut.  Wm.  M.,  d.  Dec.  16,1861. 
Carter,  Granville  J.,  d.Sept.  21, 1861. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Henry  M.  Ashby. 
Gibson,  James,  d.  Oct.  7,  1861.  i  Lay,  Samson  T,  d.  Nov.  I 

Harbison,  J.  H.  H.,  d.  Oct.  S,  1861.  |  Johnson,  Russell  C,  k. 

Hicks,  C.  W.,  d.  Dec.  23,  1861,  at  Mill  Springs,  j     April  18,  1S62. 
Ky.  | 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Robert  Simpson. 


,  1861. 

at  Fincastie,  Term. 


Carmack,  C.  E.,  d.  Nov.  17, 1861. 
Adam,  William  Lake,  d.  Jan.  26,  1S62. 
Sau,pder=,  R.  J.,  d.  Nov.  1861. 


Vaughn,  A.  M.,  d.  Feb.  U,  1862. 
Rissel,  J.  M.,  d.  Dec.  30, 1801. 


Davis,  Timothy,  d.  Aug.  31. 
Horn,  James  H.,  d.  Sept.  4. 


Williford,  A.,  d.  Sept.  2,  1861. 
Hale,  William  D,  d.  Aug.  27,  1S61. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  F.  M.  Jackson. 

I  Ulman,  J.  B.,  k.  in  action,  Oct.  19, 1861. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  George  H.  Finley. 

Knight,  Leroy,  d.  Aug.  15. 
Loyd,  Thomas,  d.  Feb.  27, 1SCJ 


i48 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


FIFTH   BATTALION  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 


Official'] 


Lieutenant-colonel,  George  K.  McClellan. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  C.  C.  Spiller. 


Shull,  William,  k.  by  the  fail  of  a  horse,  Dec.  [  Bell,  Pleasant,  d.  Sept.  11, 1861. 


1,  1861. 


Lindsey,  Gentry,  d. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Henry  C.  Gillespie. 

I  Hutchison,  James,  d. 


COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  Henry  K.  Le| 


Anderson,  Jesse,  d.  Sept.  22,  1861, 
Adams,  Welbourne,  d.  Dec.  28,  1861. 
Pridemore,  James  B.,  d.  Feb.  12, 1S62. 
Forgy,  J.  A.,  d.  Feb.  27,  1S62. 


Sullivan,  John  J.,  d.  April  21, 1862. 
Dunham,  H.  S.,  d.  Feb.  I,  18G2. 
Levasey,  Anderson,  d.  Feb.  5, 1S62. 


Amburn,  Bennett,  d. 

Fogg,  Isaac,  d.  Jan.  27, 1862. 

Spradlin,  Nathan,  d.  Feb.  2, 1862. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  W.  C.  Holland. 

Heartsill,  N.  A.,   k.  accidentally,   March  18, 
1862. 


COMPANY  F. 
Captains:  C.  H.  Ingle  and  David  McClellan. 


Delaney,  J.  R.  T.,  d.  Sept.  24,  1861. 
Culbert,  Alexander,  d.  Sept.  12,  1861. 
Moree,  W.  D.,  d.  Oct.  3,  1861. 
McClellan,  Capt.  David,  d.  at  Corinth,  Miss., 

April  25, 1862. 
Cole,  J.  O.,  d.  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  March  10, 

1862. 
Erwin,  T.  F.,  d.  at  Decatur,  Ala.,  May  14, 1S62. 


Fousr,  G.  W.,  d.  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  April  1, 1862. 
Godsey,  W.  H.,  d.  in  Sullivan  county,  Tenn., 

June  16, 1862. 
Veach,  Joseph,  d.  in  Sullivan  county,  Tenn., 

Feb.  15, 1862. 
Gross,  Nathaniel,  d.  at  Decatur,  Ala.,  April  5, 

1862. 


NINTH  BATTALION  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  H.  Clay  Mack,  McKinney,  Texas. 

The  Ninth  Battalion  Tennessee  Confederate  Cavalry,  composed  of  volunteers, 
good  and  true  men,  was  organized  at  "  Camp  Maury,"  near  Nashville,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1861,  and  was  composed  of  six  full  companies,  three  companies  of  which 
(A,  B,  and  E)  were  from  Maury  county,  two  companies  (C  and  D)  from  Hick- 
man, and  one  company  (F)  from  Wayne.  The  following  constituted  the  original 
roll  of  field  and  staff  officers: 

George  Gantt,  Lieutenant-colonel;  B.  W«  Porter,  Major;  Hunter  Nicholson, 
Adjutant,:  B.  M.  Hatcher,  Quartermaster;  G.  W.  May  berry,  Commissary;  Eev. 
N.  W.  Motheral,  Chaplain;  Dr.  Joe  E.  Dixon,  Surgeon;  Wru.  Akin,  Quarter- 
master Sergeant;  T.  Jones,  Commissary  Sergeant. 

The  different  companies  were  officered  as  follows: 

Co.  A:  J.  N.  Walker,  Captain;  E.  N.  It.  Foster,  First  Lieutenant;  Frank  J. 
McLean,  Second  Lieutenant;  Joe  A.  Irvine,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


49 


Co.  B:  R.  N.  Moore,  Captain;  T.  L.  Porter,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  B.  Galloway, 
Seeond  Lieutenant;  W.  II.  McFall,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  V.  F.  Bibb,  Captain;  W.  B.  Erwin,  First  Lieutenant;  G.  L.  Grimes, 
Second  Lieutenant;  T.  II.  Church,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  R.  N.  Whitson,  Captain;  E.  A.  Ilornbeak,  First  Lieutenant;  B.  Me- 
Lanahan,  Second  Lieutenant;  A.  McCaleb,  Junior  Seeond  Lieutenant. 

Co.  E:  James  H.  Akin,  Captain;  A.  B.  Biflle,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  A.  Kenne- 
dy, Second  Lieutenant;  A.  J.  Pugh,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  F:  Thomas  Whitehead,  Captain;  Samuel  Burns,  First  Lieutenant;  Dr. 
Crouch,  Second  Lieutenant;  W.  M.  Biffle,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

On  the  approach  of  the  Federals  to  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson  the  battalion 
was  ordered  to  the  latter  place.  The  first  attack  being  made  on  Fort  Henry,  it 
was  ordered  there  two  days  before  that  place  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  and 
on  the  evening  before  the  fort  was  reduced  by  the  United  States  flotilla  experi- 
enced its  first  active  field  service,  which  consisted  in  reconnoitering  the  move- 
ments of  the  enemy.  On  the  next  day,  Fort  Henry  having  fallen,  the  battalion 
reported  for  duty  at  Fort  Donelson,  where,  under  Col.  X.  B.  Forrest,  it  took  part 
in  the  defense  of  our  works  until  the  loth  of  February,  1862,  when  it  was  include.!  in 
the  surrender  made  on  the  morning  of  the  16th.  The  field  officers  of  the  battal- 
ion were  imprisoned  at  Fort  Warren;  officers  of  the  line  first  at  Camp  Chase,  then 
on  Johnson's  Island;  and  the  privates  at  Camp  Morton.  After  a  wearisome,  rest- 
less, and  unhappy  period  of  seven  months  imprisonment,  by  the  terms  of  the  gen- 
eral exchange  of  prisoners  the  battalion  was  placed  again  on  Southern  soil  at 
Vicksburg,  and  from  thence  was  removed  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  for  the  purpose  of  re- 
organization and  equipment.  After  the  reorganization,  about  the  last  of  Septem- 
ber, 1862,  the  field  and  staff  officers  were  as  follows: 

v  George  Gantt,  Lieutenant-colonel;  James  II.  Akin,  Major;  W.  Yance  Thomp- 
son, Adjutant;  G.  A.  Pope,  Quartermaster;  II.  C.  Mack,  Commissary;  Thomas 
Hannah,  Assistant  Surgeon;  Bev.  John'Cirisham,  Chaplain;  T.  X.  Jones.  Ser- 
geant-major; W.  T.  Porter,  Quartermaster  Sergeant;  Eli  E.  Akin,  Commissary 
Sergeant;  G.  B.  Farrar,  Ordnance  Sergeant;  W.  H.  Timmons,  Hospital  Steward. 

The  companies  were  officered  as  follows: 

Co.  A:  Frank  J.  McLean,  Captain;  II.  L.  Hendley,  First  Lieutenant;  D.  X. 
Estes,  Second  Lieutenant;  Joe  A.  Irvine,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  B:  E.  N.  Moore,  Captain;  J.  B.  Galloway,  First  Lieutenant;  John  J.  Ste- 
phenson, Second  Lieutenant;  Thomas  J.  Terry,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  G.  W.  May  berry,  Captain;  W.  B.  Erwin,  First  Lieutenant;  Marion 
Bryant,  Second  Lieutenant;  D.  S.  Johnson,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  D:  Jerry  Green, -Captain;  E.  A.  Ilornbeak,  First  Lieutenant;  Marsh  Foster, 
Second  Lieutenant;  G.  H.  Broom,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  E:  A.  B.  Bifile,  Captain;  George  O.  Kirk,  First  Lieutenant;  Joe  J.  Pat- 
ton,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  J.  Carry,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant. 

Co.  F:  Win.  L.  Bromley,  Captain;  Joe  A.  Clendenin,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  E. 
Grimes,  Seeond  Lieutenant;  J.  I.  Cotton,  Junior  Seeond  Lieutenant. 

Soon  after  the  reorganization  Col.  Gantt,  with  a  detail  from  the  several  compa- 
nies, was  ordered  to  Middle  Tennessee  to  get  recruits  for  the  battalion  and  secure 
horses  upon  which  to  remount  his  men.  During  his  absence,  and  almost  immedi- 
ately upon  his  departure,  the  battalion,  under  Maj.  Akin,  was  ordered  to- report  to 


750  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Col.  Sirnonton,  of  the  First  Mississippi  Infantry,  commanding  brigade,  ami  with 
him  joined  the  forces  of  Gens.  Price  and  Van  Porn  on  their  retreat  from  Corinth, 
Miss. 

In  a  short  time  the  brigade  was  ordered  south  to  report  to  Gen.  Yillepigue,  at 
Port  Hudson,  where  they  aided  in  the  construction  of  the  fortifications.  Here 
the  battalion  was  joined  by  Col.  Gantt  and  the  recruits  he  brought  from  Tennes- 
see, about  the  1st  of  January,  1363,  and  was  remounted.  Col.  Gantt  was  put  in  com- 
mand of  all  the  cavalry  at  this  point,  and  charged  with  the  duty  of  covering  Gen. 
I  Gardner's  front,  which  he  did  with  great  success,  his  system  of  picketing  being 

regarded  as  superior.  About  this  time  Gen.  Gardner,  with  all  his  infantry,  was 
besieged  in  Port  Hudson.  In  the  meantime  Col.  Gantt  obtained  leave  of  absence 
and  returned  to  Tennessee,  which,  soon  after  his  arrival,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
Federals.  The  Colonel  in  attempting  to  make  his  escape  was  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner,  after  which  the  command  of  the  battalion  devolved  upon  Maj.  Akin, 
who  continued  in  command  till  the  close  of  the  war. 

During  the  first  half  of  1863  the  battalion  was  brigaded  with  the  Fourth  Con- 
federate Cavalry,  Wilbur's  Mississippi  regiment,  the  Eleventh  and  Seventeenth 
Arkansas  Mounted  Infantry.  The  brigade  thus  formed  was  placed  under  com- 
mand of  Col.  John  L.  Logan,  of  Arkansas.  This  body  of  troops  operated  up  and 
down  the  Mississippi  River,  from  Yicksburg  to  Baton  Rouge,  having  many  lively 
engagements  with  the  enemy,  who  was  trying  to  occupy  the  country.  On  one  oc- 
casion the  battalion  surprised  and  captured  the  Fourteenth  New  York  Metropol- 
itan Cavalry,  with  all  their  arms,  equipments,  etc.  This  body  of  troops  was  on 
outpost  duty  for  the  army  of  Gen.  Banks,  which  at  the  time  was  investing  Port 
Hudson,  and  of  course  its  capture  was  effected  in  close  proximity  to  Banks's  whole 
army.  In  a  short  time  after  this,  in  the  vicinity  of  Port  Hudson,  a  train  of  one 
hundred  wagons  was  sent  out  by  Gen.  Banks  to  forage  upon  the  country.  This 
train  was  escorted  by  quite  a  large  body  of  the  enemy,  splendidly  armed  and 
equipped.  Our  brigade,  nevertheless,  dashed  into  them,  and  while  a  portion  of 
the  command  was  engaging  them  in  the  front  the  Ninth  Battalion  gained  their 
rear,  cut  off  the  wagon-train,  capturing  every  wagon,  and  brought  them  in  safetv 
t>  Jackson,  Miss. — ninety-six  splendid  new  wagons,  with  their  teams,  aggregat- 
ing near  four  hundred  of  the  finest  mules. 

During  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson  the  brigade  made  a  raid  on  Springfield  Land- 
ing, La.,  immediately  on  the  Mississippi  River,  only  four  miles  below  Port  Plud- 
son.  It  was  the  emporium  for  the  landing  and  storage  of  supplies  for  Banks's 
army  during  the  investment  of  Port  Hudson.  One  evening  while  our  brigade 
was  quietly  encamped  near  Gains's  Mill,  in  Mississippi,  the  bugle  sounded  the 
signal  to  "mount  horses,  and  then  fall  into  line."  This  being  done,  the  brigade 
moved  off  at  a  rapid  pace  in  a  south-easterly  direction.  The  march  continued 
all  night  through  darkness.  All  main  roads  were  avoided.  Having  traveled 
near  seventy-five  miles,  the  brigade  was  halted  and  a  detail  sent  forward  to  capt- 
ure the  pickets  of  the  garrison  stationed  at  the  landing.  This  being  done,  the  en- 
tire brigade  charged  in  three  columns  through  an  open  field.  Some  of  the  enemy 
threw  down  their  arms  and  surrendered,  others  continued  firing  from  out-houses 
and  behind  fo\cv<,  and  some  from  boats  lying  at  the  wharf,  upon  which  they  had 
taken  refuge.  The  Ninth  Battalion  was  sent  forward  on  the  road  leading  to  Port 
Hudson  to  intercept  any  reinforcements  from  Banks's  main  army,  only  four  miles 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


51 


distant.  The  rest  of  the  brigade  set  fire  to  the  buildings  containing  the  comnii^- 
sary  and  quartermaster  stores,  and  began  destroying  a  large  train  of  wagons.  At 
this  moment  a  command  of  Rhode  Island  cavalry,  sent  by  Gen.  Banks,  came  to 
the  rescue.  The  Ninth  Battalion  met  them  with  a  deadly  fire.  They  fell  back, 
but  soon  re-formed  and  came  again,  but  were  again  repulsed  with  heavy  loss.  By 
this  time  the  destruction  of  the  commissary  and  quartermaster  stores  and  the 
wagons  was  completed;  then  the  brigade  was  ordered  to  retire,  which  it  did  in 
safety;  and  after  a  circuitous  and  most  wearisome  march  of  two  days,  the  battal- 
ion reached  its  old  camp. 

The  result  of  this  raid  was  the  destruction  of  the  garrison,  the  burning  of  over 
half  a  million  of  rations  and  a  large  quantity  of  quartermaster  stores,  together 
with  a  very  large  train  of  Avagons.     The  loss  of  our  command  was  small. 

Soon  after  the  surrender  of  Port  Hudson  the  enemy  sent  a  mixed  brigade  of 
colored  and  white  troops,  supported  by  artillery,  to  occupy  Jackson,  La.,  and 
when  attacked  by  our  brigade  they  made  a  most  desperate  resistance,  fighting 
hand  to  hand.  Finally,  unable  longer  to  withstand  the  onslaught  of  our  men.  the 
enemy  took  refuge  in  a  large  brick  building — the  Centenary  College.  Our  com- 
mand still  pursued  them,  under  a  most  galling  and  fatal  lire  of  the  enemy  from 
the  many  windows  of  this  large  building,  charged  on  and  stormed  their  castie, 
and  soon  gained  a  splendid  but  costly  victory.  The  enemy  was  totally  used  up. 
All  his  artillery,  baggage,  small  arms,  etc.,  fell  into  our  hands. 

Gen.  Wirt  Adams  was  next  placed  in  command  of  the  brigade,  bringing  with 
him  his  old  regiment,  which  was  added  to  the  brigade.  The  Ninth  Battalion  par- 
ticipated in  many  engagements  under  this  gallant  and  beloved  commander  during 
the  fall  of  1SG3,  serving  with  it  in  the  campaign  against  McPherson  on  his  fa- 
mous raid  from  Yicksburg  to  Livingston;  also  participating  in  the  hard  service 
of  the  campaign  against  Sherman  on  his  march  to  Meridian,  Miss.  On  this  raid 
the  battalion  was  ordered  to  hold  a  point  and,  if  possible,  develop  the  strength  of 
the  enemy,  when  by  a  flank  movement  the  enemy  gained  the  rear,  and,  securing  a 
bridge,  cut  off  all  hope  of  escape  with  the  horses.  The  members  of  the  battalion 
have  always  held  in  grateful  remembrance  the  gallantry  of  Gen.  \Ym.  IT.  Jack- 
son and  his  escort  in  charging  and  repulsing  a  superior  force  of  the  enemy  and 
holding  a  bridge  for  their  safe  retreat. 

At  Meridian  the  battalion  was  detached  from  the  brigade  with  which  it  had 
acted  so  long  and  successfully,  and  was  moved  to  Dal  ton,  Ga.,  in  March,  1S64. 
Here  it  became  a  part  of  the  army  of  Gen.  Jos.  E.  Johnston,  and  was  assigned  to 
a  brigade  of  Tennessee  cavalry  commanded  by  Col.  Henry  Ash  by.  It  would  he 
proper  here  to  state  that,  owing  to  the  death  of  Capt.  R.  X.  Moore,  of  Co.  B,  ami 
the  refusal  of  any  of  that  company's  officers  who  were  present  to  be  promoted,  the 
company  elected  R.  Compton  for  its  Captain,  who  served  with  signal  ability  and 
courage  from  December,  1362,  to  June,  1863,  when  First  Lieut.  Galloway,  who 
had  been  absent  sick,  returned,  and  was  given  the  Captaincy. 

At  Dalron  the  battalion  was  rejoined  by  its  old  and  much-esteemed  Sunreon. 
Dr.  Joe  E.  Dixon,  who,  since  the  battalion  was  exchanged,  had  been  assigned  to 
duty  in  another  field.  The  Ninth  Battalion,  with  the  other  commands  composing 
Col.  Ashby's  brigade,  now  became  a  part  of  Gen.  Joe  Wheeler's  cavalry  corps, 
and  so  remained  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

The  constant  service  required  of  all  parts  of  Johniton*s  army  may  be  said  to 


752 


Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


have  commenced  tfith  the  retreat  of  the  army  from  Dalton.  Every  backward 
step  of  the  Confederates  or  fonvard  step  of  the  Federals  was  the  signal  for  an  en- 
gagement of  some  kind.  The  battalion,  however,  made  quite  a  reputation  for 
gallantry  and  efficiency  under  its  present  commander;  was  always  assigned  to  a 
post  of  danger,  and  was  engaged  in  active  work  almost  daily.  It  performed  its 
part  with  its  usual  courage  and  credit  at  the  battle  of  Resaca,  and  was  afterward 
assigned  the  duty  of  covering  the  retreat  on  one  of  the  roads  leading  back  to  Chat- 
tahooehe  River.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  that  on  all  this  long  and  difficult  retreat, 
and  under  the  pressure  of  a  hot  pursuit,  the  officers  and  men  performed  their  part, 
so  well  that  no  complaint  was  ever  made;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  the  praise  due 
to  courage  and  faithfulness  to  duty  was  freely  accorded  them.  To  attempt  to  say 
more  of  such  a  long-continued  series  of  almost  daily  skirmishes  and  battles  would 
go  far  beyond  the  purposes  of  this  history.  The  services  from  this  to  the  close  of 
the  war  were  almost  entirely  in  the  field,  on  the  front,  on  the  flank,  or  in  the  rear 
of  the  enemy.  The  success  of  this  battalion  in  the  attack  on  McCook  and  Brown- 
low  near  Newnan  Station,  (fa.,  was  certainly  one  of  the  most  brilliant  of  the  war. 
Alone,  with  only  two  hundred  men,  it  made  the  charge,  and  killed  thirty-seven 
Federals  and  captured  four  hundred  and  fifty  without  loss. 

Gen.  Wheeler  was  next  ordered  to  the  rear  of  the  Federal  army  for  the  pur- 
pose of  breaking  up  communications  and  disturbing  Sherman's  supply  resources. 
While  passing  through  East  Tennessee,  the  Ninth  Battalion,  with  Baxter  Smith's 
Fourth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  was  detached  from  the  main  body  of  Gen.  Wheeler's 
forces  for  the  purpose  of  operating  on  the  Chattanooga  railroad.  A  lively  engage- 
ment occurred  with  the  enemy  in  passing  Tracy  City,  where  the  battalion  suffered 
severely.  After  long  marches,  great  privations,  etc.,  the  battalion  tried  to  rejoin 
Gen.  Wheeler,  but  was  prevented  from  doing  so  by  the  fact  that  he  had  crossed 
the  Tennessee  River  before  the  battalion  reached  it.  The  battalion  then  attached 
itself  to  the  command  of  Gen.  Forrest,  and  was  with  him  on  one  of  his  famous 
raids  in  Tennessee,  assisting  in  the  capture  of  Sulphur  Trestle  and  other  points; 
then  with  Gen.  Forrest  crossed  Tennessee  River,  rejoining  Gen.  Wheeler  at  Blue 
Mountain,  Ala. 

A  large  number  of  recruits  having  joined  Co.  C  during  the  raid  into  Tennessee, 
it  became  necessary  to  form  a  new  company,  which  was  done.  Lieut.  A.  A.  Lips- 
comb was  promoted  to  its  Captaincy,  Second  Lieut.  I).  S.  Johnson  to  the  First 
Lieutenancy,  and  privates  S.  H.  Bratton  and  John  W.  Kinzer  were  elected  respect- 
ively as  Second  and  Junior  Second  Lieutenants.  The  vacancies  in  Co.  C  were 
filled — Hal  Wray  and  Richard  Grimes  Second  and  Junior  Second  Lieutenants. 
This  new  company  became  Co.  G,  giving  Maury  county  another  company  in  the 
battalion. 

After  rejoining  Gen.  Wheeler,  this  battalion  participated  in  all  the  engagements 
with  Gen.  Sherman  on  his  noted  "march  to  the  sea."  It  then  followed  him  into 
North  Carolina,  where  at  Bentonville  it  fought  its  last  fight. 

When  Gen.  Hood  made  his  incursion  into  Tennessee  a  number  of  the  Ninth 
were  sent  in  with  him  for  the  purpose  of  getting  recruits  for  it.  These  men,  with 
the  recruits  and  a  few  other  soldiers  who  had  been  separated  from  this  command, 
after  crossing  back  over  the  Tennessee  River  with  Hood's  army,  were  assigned  the 
duty  of  accompanying  and  guarding  the  wagon-train  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee 
from  a  point  in  Mississippi  to  Salisbury,  N.  C.     From  this  point  this  portion  of 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        753 


the  battalion  was  ordered  northward  to  watch  the  movements  of  die  Federal  cav- 
alry, which  was  threatening  the  communications  of  our  army.  While  this  de- 
tachment, with  a  similar  one  from  the  First  Tennessee  Regiment  of  Cavalry,  was 
encamped  near  Henry  Court-house,  A'a.,  it  was  surprised  and  attacked  by  a  large 
body  of  Federal  cavalry.  Their  advance,  however,  was  checked  by  the  rapid  fir- 
ing of  a  few  of  our  men  who  happened  to  have  their  arms  by  them.  This  gave 
Col.  Wheeler  and  Maj.  Akin  time  to  mount  most  of  the  men  and  form  them, 
which  was  done,  thus  enabling  the  men  to  retreat  in  order.  Every  man  of  the 
advance-guard  of  the  Federals  was  killed  except  one.  This  detachment  joined 
the  battalion  near  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  and  all  together  were  surrendered  in  the  capit- 
ulation made  by  C4en.  Johnston,  and  were  paroled  near  Charlotte,  N.  C.  The  list 
of  officers  at  the  close  of  the  war  was:  Maj'.  Jas.  H.  Akin,  commanding  the  bat- 
talion; Adjt.  Chas.  V.  Cyrus;  Capt.  Frank  J.  McLean,  Co.  A;  Capt.  John  B.  Gal- 
loway, Co.  B;  Capt.  Geo.  W.  Mayberry,  Co.  C;  Capt.  Eli  A.  Hornbeak,  Co.  D;  Capt. 
Ad.  B.  Biffle,  Co.  E;  Capt.  Wm.  L.  Bromley,  Co.  F;  Capt.  Arch.  A.  Lipscomb,  Co. 
G.  Under  the  head  of  promotions  it  is  proper  to  state  that  Adjts.  Hunter  Nich- 
olson and  Wm.  Vance  Thompson  were  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major  upon  Gen. 
Pillow's  staff.  H.  C.  Mack,  iVssistant  Commissary  Subsistence,  was  commissioned 
by  Gen.  Wheeler  to  raise  a  new  company. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  the  battalion  belonged  to  Ashby's  brigade,  Hume's  di- 
vision, Wheeler's  corps.  It  would  not  be  proper  in  this  narrative  to  call  atten- 
tion to  the  names  of  any  who  might  deserve  individual  mention  in  a  more  ex- 
tended account  of  the  deeds  done  by  this  command.  It  is  not  amiss,  however,  to 
state  that  the  example  set  by  Maj.  Akin  in  his  gallant  conduct  upon  every  field 
of  action  was  closely  followed  by  all  under  him,  both  officers  and  men;  and  even 
at  this  late  day  each  man  of  the  "old  Ninth  Battalion"  feels  that  he  is  honored 
in  having  been  a  member  of  so  noble  a  band  of  those  who  followed  the  destiny  of 
the  Lost  Cause  to  its  final  defeat. 


Official.']  Ninth  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

company  A. 

Captains:  Joseph  N.  Walker  and  Frank  J.  McLean. 

Neal,  Lee,  k.  near  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  Sept.  |  Coekreil,  B.  F.,  d.  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  March 


7,  18(4. 
Foster,  Lieut.  Jj.  A.  H.,  d.  at  St.  Louis,  March 
6,  1802. 


23,  1862. 

Hoicomb,  J.  R.,d.  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  March 
6,  1862. 


Sellers,  Isaac,  d.  at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  May  6,  I  Johnson,  J.  E.,  d.  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  April  12 


1862. 
Foster,  J.  M.,  d.  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  March 

19,  1802. 
Neely,  S.  \V.,  d.  some  time  in  February,  1S62. 


1862. 
Johnson,  J.  L.,  d.  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  March 
10,  1862. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captains:  R.  M.  Moore  and  John  B.  Galloway. 
Weatherford,  W.  B,  k.  in  a  skirmish,  Aug.  9,  |  McLain,  Monroe,  k.  in  action,  Aug.  3,  1SG3. 
1864.  i  Mi  Conn   II,  A.  C,  d.  at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  Aug. 


Davidson,  T.  S.,  d.  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  some 

time  in  March,  1862. 
Maxwell,  K.  H.,  d.  at  Terre  Haute,  Itvi.,  March 

7,  1862. 

43 


10,  1862. 
Zolh'coffer,  G.  N.,  d.  in  prison  at  Terre  Haute, 
Ind.,  some  time  in  March,  186& 


754 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captains.:  Vernon  F.  Liiob  and  George  W.  Mayberry, 
Bibb,  Leonidas,  d.  at  Camp  Maury,  Jan.    17,  '  Webb,  \\\  T.,  d.  at  Camp  Maury,  Jan.  1s,  1&5£ 
1802.  Shelvy,  John.  k.  on  the  raid  into  Tennessee, 


Bryan.  T.  S.,  d.  in  prison  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind., 
March  10,  1802, 


Sept.,  1S02. 
Bin-ham.  William  F..  d.  Feb.  24.  186:>.. 


Ander.-on,  David  C,  k.  on  the  raid  into  Tennes-    Moore,  William  E.,  d.  at  Oxford,  Miss.,  Nov. 
see,  Sept.,  1802.  I      20,  1802. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captains:  Jeremiah  Green  :\.nd  R.  M.  Whitson. 

Green,  Capt.  Jeremiah,  k.  in  action,  July  27,  j  Knight,  John,  d.  at  Jackson,  Mis?.,  Sept  13, 

1864.  1862. 

Ealey,  E.  D.,  d.  at  Vioksburg,  Sept.  14.  1862.       ;  Smith,  Harden,  d.  Jan.  20.  1862. 
Gilmer,  W.  T.,  d.  at  Vicksburg,  Sept.  15,  1SG2.       Smith.  Andrew,  d.  Jan.  25,  186a. 


Garner.  Samuel,  k.  July  2,  1803. 
Hornbeak,  Pleasant  W.,  d.  March  19,  1S63. 


Gill,  W.  E.,  d.  in  prison  at  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

June  20,  1862. 
Keiiey,  A.  K.,  d.  in  prison. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captains:  A.  B.  Bifiie  and  James  H.  Akin. 
Curry,  Capt.   William  A.,   k.  at  Rice's  Cross-  I  Pruett,  James  P.,  k.  Tt  Jackson,  Aug.  3, 1363. 

reads,  Dec.  2,  18G4.  !  Hmes,  Jesse,  d.  at  Jackson,  Sep;.  20,  1362. 

Gwinn,  James  B..  k.  at  Jackson,  Aug.  3,  1803.       Holder,  James,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Bi.iier, 
McBride.  James  F.,  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Mor-  I      July  20,  1862. 

ton,  Ind.,  April  20,  1802.  I  Irwin,  W'esley  W.,  d.  at  Jackson,  Sept.  10,  18G2, 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  W.  I*,  Bromley. 
Cotton,  Lieut.  J.  F.,  k.  in  action,  Dec.  2,  1SG1,  at  |  Holloway,  D.,  d.  at  St.  Louis,  March  1, 1862. 
Cross-roads,  Ga.,  near  Waker  Bridge,  while  j  Holloway,  J.s  d.  at  Camp  Douglass.  An;t  10. 
nobly  acting  the  part  of  a  gallant  officer.         |  H.irbison,  B.  A.,  d.  at  home,  March  20,  1j»q2. 


Burns,  W.  L.,  d.  May  10. 

Throckmorton.  W.  P.,  d.  March  2,  1862. 
Keeton,  John,  d.  at  St.  Louis,  March  1. 
Belcher,  Z.,  d.  at  Fort  Douelson,  March  23, 

18G2. 
Choat,  Y.  B.,  d.  at  home,  March  7,  1802. 
Carter,  George,  d.  on  his  way  home,  March  1. 

1S02. 
Dickey,  B.  F.,  d.  at  Fort  Donelson,   Feb.  10,  j      28. 

1862.  j  Parker,  J.,  d.  about  June  15. 

Dickey,  S.  H.,  d.  at  Fort  Donelson,  March  20,  I  Tait,  John  H.,  d.  at  St.  Louis,  Feb.  27,  1862. 


Kyle,  J.,  d.  at  home,  Feb.  15,  1862. 

McClain,  James,  d.  at  Fort  Douelson,  Feb.  2o, 

1862. 
Montague,  J.  W.,  d.  at  Camp  Butler,  IiL  May 

15,  1802. 
Matheney,   W.  W.,  d.  at  St.  Louis,  March  5, 

1802. 
Peyton,  Henry,  d.  at  Camp  Morton,  led.,  Aug. 


1S62. 
Gibson,  J.  H.,  d.  at  St.  Louis,  March  3,  1862. 
Grigg,  William,  d.  at  Fort  Donelson,  Feb.  20, 

18*62. 


Yiser,  William,  d.  at  Camp  Datigias',  July  1, 

1862. 
Weener,  Lee,  d.  March  10,  18G2. 


From  Gen.  JosErii  Wheeler. 

The  Ninth  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  organized  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec,  IhSL 
Number  died  from  wounds,  sickness,  etc.,  100;  number  of  men  and  officers  shot,  220. 

LlECTENAST-COLONKL. 

Gantt,  George,  w.  July  15,  1SG3,  and  dropped  by  order  of  the  War  Department.  1S64. 

Majohs. 

Porter,  B.  W\,  resigned,  1S62.  |  Akin,  James  H. 


Begimental  Hisxoeies  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


too 


Nicholson,  Hunter,  promoted. 
Thompson,  W.  Vance,  promoted. 


Hatcher,  B.  M. 


Adjutants. 

|  Cyjrus,  C.  V. 

SURGEON. 

Dixon, Joe  E. 

Assistant  (.^uartfkm  aster. 
i  Pope,  G.  A. 

Commissariat. 
Mack,  H.  CIhv. 


Captains. 


Mayberry   George   \V\,  w.  at  Fort  Donelson, 

Feb.,  1862. 
Green,  Jerry,  k.  at  Atlanta,  July  liC,  1SG4. 
Biffle,  A.  B.,  w.  at  Benton\  ille,  N.  C,  1865. 
Bromley,  W.  L. 
Lipscomb,  A.  A. 
Hornbeak,  E.  A.,  w.  at  Kennesaw  .Mountain 

18G4. 
Compton,  R.,  resigned  and  joined  the  ranks. 


Gantt,  George,  promoted. 

Porter,  B.  W.,  promoted. 

Bibb,  V.  F.,  resigned  from  disability. 

Whitson,  R.  N.,  resigned. 

Akin,  James  H.,  promoted. 

Whitehead.  Thomas  D.,  resigned,  1862. 

Walker,  Joe  N.,  resigned,  JLS62. 

Moore,  Robert  A.,  d.  Nov.,  1862. 

McLean,  Frank  Jay. 

Galloway,  John  B.,  w.  in  North  Carolina,  1S65. ) 

Fikst  Lieutenants.- 

Foster,  E.  A.  H.,  d.  March.  1862.  [  Hendley,  H.  L.,  w.  near  Tunnel  Hill,  Ga.,  1>64. 
Porter,  T.  D,  resigned,  1862.  Stephenson,  J.  H 

Erwin,  W.  B.,  w.  near  Nevvnan,  18G1.  I  Kirk,  G.  O. 

Plornbeak,  E^A.,  promoted.  '  Clendenin,  J.  A. 

Bihie,  A.  B.,  promoted.  Johnson,  D.  3. 
Biffle,  W.  M.,  resigned,  18G2. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

Broom,  G.  H. 

Patton,  J.  J. 

Grimes,  J.  E. 

Burns,  Samuel,  d.  May,  1862. 

Kinzer,  I.  W.,  w.  nt  Resaca,  Ga.,  1864. 

Estes,  D.  N. 

Foster,  Marshall,  w.  at  Clinton,  La.,  June  1. 
1863,  and  resigned  from  disability,  1564. 

Curry,  J.  J.,  w.  at  Clinton,  La.,  and  permanent- 
ly disabled. 

Cotton,  I.  I.,  k.  near  Waynesboro,  Ga..  1804. 


McLean,  Frank  Jay,  promoted. 

Galloway,  John  B.,  promoted. 

Grimes,  G.  L.,  resigned,  1862. 

Hennedy,  A.  A-  resigned,  1862. 

Couch,  Dr.,  resigned.  1862. 

Bratton.  S.  H.,  w.  at  Bentonville 

Wray.  E.  H. 

Bryan,  F.  M.,  resigned  from  disability,  ISC' 

Irvine,  J.  A. 

Perry,  Thomas  J. 

Lipscomb,  A.  A.,  promoted. 


N.  0-  180." 


McFall,  W.  H.,  resigned. 
Church,  E.  H.,  resigned. 
McCaleb,  Alton,  resigned. 


Brevet  Second  Lieutenants. 
Ptlgfa,  A.  J.,  re= 
Horn,  G.  J. 


:ned. 


m  TWELFTH   BATTALION  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

Ojficial.]  

Majors:  G.  W.  Day,  F.  L.  Thipps,  T.  W.  Adrian. 
COMPANY  A. 
«  Captain,  Clinton  J.  Lyon. 

Davan.  Daniel,  k.  in  action  near  Montieello,  I      als  in  ambush.    (Catharine  Powell,  the  wifc, 
May  1,  ISO.  .     and  Malnnn,  the  daughter  of  Gaston  Poweii, 

Powell,  Gaston,  k.  in  Greene  county  by  Feder-      re«i  le  in  Hawkins  cnu&ir,  Tenn.) 


lod 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  B. 

Captains:  John  Q.  Arnold  and  John  S.  Fhzpatrick. 
Parks,  John.  k.  in  action  at  SteubeaviUe,  Ky..    Allen,  James,  k.   in  action  at  ChickaroaugA, 

June  9,  1803.  |     Sept.  10,  lbu;:. 

Mynott,  W.  8.,  d.  Feb.  13,  1863.  Henshavr,  John  W-,  k.  in  action  at  Greenville, 


Luttreli,  James,  k.  in  action,  March  14,  1864. 
Jones,  Howard,  k.  in  action  at  Chickamauga, 
Sept.  19,  isg;j. 


May  30,  I80t. 
Scmgg*,  Richard  D.,  d.  from  disease. 
Sawyer.s,  William  B.,  k.  in  action,  May  30, 1-04. 


COMPANV  C. 
Captain,  L.  J.  Jennings. 
Cope,  Samuel,  d.  April  30,1863.  :  Hayes,  J.,  k.  in  action  at  Chickamauga,  Sept. 

Sanders,  Elbe rl,  k.  in  action,  Oct.  20,  1863.  10,  1SGJ. 

Hurst,    Levi,    k.   in  action    at  Chickamauga.  ;  Greer.  William,  k.  by  the  Federalists,  Jan.  20, 
Sept,  21,  18133.  |      lSt3.">. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain.  I).  C.  Jackson. 
Carson,  S.  S.:  k.  at  Knoxvillo  in  a  skirmish,  I  Christmas,  A.  J.,  d.  of  small-pox.  Feb.,  1S63. 

June  20,  I860.  I  Arnntt,  B.  W..  k.  Dec.  10,  1S64. 

Jackson,  J.  M.,  k.  in  action,  Oct.  19,  18'i3.  |  Cox,  T.,  drowned  March  1,  186,3. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain,  Leslie  T.  Hardy. 

Hardy,  Lieut.  W.  B.,  k.  in  action  at  Phi'.add- 1  Warrell,  John,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19, 

phia,  Tent).,  Oct.  20,  ts»>).  1863. 

"Wance,  Prestou,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1  Bennett,  James,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19, 

1803.  ;      1863.  ■ 

Cawood,  Thomas  W.,  k.  Dec.  1,   1862. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  William  R.  Neilson. 


SIXTEENTH  BATTALION  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 


By  J.  R.  Neal,  Rhea  Springs,  Tenn\ 


The  companies  constituting  the  Sixteenth  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry  -were 
organized  and  mustered  into  the  service  in  the  winter  of  1S61  and  the  spring  of 
1862.  From  the  time  of  their  organization  to  October,  1S62,  they  were  under  the 
orders  of  the  department  commander  of  East  Tennessee  on  the  outposts  as  scouts, 
etc.,  in  Kentucky  and  East  Tennessee. 

In  October,  1862,  tour  of  the  companies — viz:  Co.  A,  Capt.  \V.  C.  Eblen.  of 
Roane  county;  Co.  B,  Capt.  J.  R.  Xeal,  of  MeMinn  county;  Co.  C,  Capt.  W.  P. 
Darwin,  of  Bhea  county;  and  Co.  D,  Capt.  B.  T.  Brown,  of  Roane  county — as  the 
Sixteenth  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry,  were  ordered  to  report  to  Maj.  E.  W. 
Rucker.  Afterward  two  other  companies — Co.  E.  Capt.  Thomas  S.  Rurabaugh, 
of  Greene  county;  and  Co.  F,  Capt.  M.  Staley,  of  Hawkins  county — were  assigned 
to  the  battalion.  Maj.  Rucker  commanded  the  battalion  with  credit  to  himself 
and  the  command  up  to  February  23,  1S63.  At  this  time  the  battalion,  now  num- 
bering about  seven  hundred  men,  was  reorganized,  with  the  following  held,  staff, 
and  company  officers,  to  wit: 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


ioi 


J.  R.  Xeal,  Lieutenant-colonel;  H.  W.  McEIwee,  Captain  and  Assistant  Quar- 
ter Roaster;  P.  J.  Paine,  Major;  W.  B.  L.  Reagan,  Adjutant. 

Co.  A:  W.  C.  Eblen,  Captain;  James  Rodger?,  First  Lieutenant;  Fred.  A.  I  - 
noir,  Second  Lieutenant;  J.  C.  White,  Third  Lieutenant.  Eblen,  Rodgers,  and 
Lenoir,  becoming  disabled  on  a  campaign  in  Kentucky  in  March,  1863,  retired 
from  the  service,  and  T.  J.  Brown  was  appointed  Captain  and  J.  A.  Work  Lieu- 
tenant. Capt.  Krown  and  Lieut,  Work — the  latter  severely  wounded  at  Chicka- 
mauga — being  disabled,  retired  from  the  service,  and  G.  A.  Montgomery  became 
Captain,  and  was  in  command  of  the  company  at  the  close  of  the  war. 

Co.  B:  R.  F.  Mastin,  Captain;  W.  N.  King,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  T.  Vaughn, 
Second  Lieutenant;  J.  M.  King,  Third  Lieutenant.  Lieut.  W.  X.  King  became 
disabled,  resigned,  and  B.  F.  Hudson  was  appointed  Lieutenant. 

Co.  C:  W.  P.  Darwin,  Captain;  H.  C.  Collins,  First  Lieutenant;  LA.  Armour, 
Second  Lieutenant;  John  Thomasson,  Third  Lieutenant.  Lieut.  Thomasson  was 
killed  September  12,  1SG3,  in  battle  at  Leets's  Tanyard,  near  Chattanooga,  and  his 
brother,  W.  P.  Thomasson,  was  appointed  Lieutenant  to  fill  the  vacancy.  Lieut. 
Armour  was  killed  in  the  battle  at  Fisher's  Hill,  Ya.,  in  1864,  and  the  vacancy- 
was  not  filled. 

Co.  D:  F.  M.  Murray,  Captain;  Thomas  II.  Mastin,  Fir.^t  Lieutenant;  

Campbell,  Second  Lieutenant;  James  Baine,  Third  Lieutenant.  Capt.  Murray 
was  disabled  from  wounds,  having  lost  his  arm,  and  resigned.  Thomas  II.  Mas- 
tin  became  Captain,  and  was  in  command  of  the  company  at  the  close  of  the  war. 

Co.  E:  Thomas  S.  Rumbaugh,  Captain;  Thomas  Williams,  First  Lieutenant: 
William  Williams,  Second  Lieutenant;  W.  P.  Reed,  Third  Lieutenant.  Cap:. 
Rumbaugh  was  killed  in  battle  October,  1864,  near  Morristown,  Tenn.,  and  Tftos. 
Williams  became  Captain. 

Co.  F:  Michael  Staler,  Captain;  E.  Eitson,  First  Lieutenant;  D.  F.  Anderson. 
Second  Lieutenant;  Moses  Anderson,  Third  Lieutenant. 

'  On  the  14th  of  March,  1SG3,  Pegram's  brigade,  to  which  the  Sixteenth  Battal- 
ion had  now  been  assigned,  left  the  vicinity  of  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  for  a  raid  or 
campaign  into  Kentucky.  The  Sixteenth  Battalion  bore  an  honorable  part  in  the 
several  engagements  with  the  enemy  on  this  expedition  at  Danville,  Kentucky 
River,  Somerset,  etc.,  reerossing  to  the  south  of  Cumberland  River  on  the  morn- 
ing of  March  31,  186*3,  having  lost  thirty-seven  men. 

About  the  1st  of  June,  1863,  the  Sixteenth  was  joined  by  the  Twelfth  Battalion 
Tennessee  Cavalry,  under  Major  Geo.  W.  Daly,  near  Monticello,  Ky.,  and  ^•^■i\ 
after  Col.  E!  W.  Rucker  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  both  battalions,  now 
bearing  the  name  of  the  First  Tennessee  Legion. 

During  the  summers  operations  on  the  Cumberland  River  Col.  Rucker,  by  h:< 
bold  and  rapid  movements  upon  the  enemy,  infused  a  spirit  of  emulation  and  sell- 
confidence  into  his  officers  and  men,  and  gave  a  prestige  to  his  command  that  was 
carried  through  the  war.  In  July  the  command  was  recalled  to  East  Tennessee 
to  resist  the  raid  of  a  large  body  of  Federals  under  Sanders  and  Byrd. 

In  the  latter  part  of  August,  1803,  Forrest  withdrew  our  cavalry  from  Burns«ie's 
front  to  assist  in  meeting  the  advance  of  Rosecrans  upon  Gen*  Bragg's  position 
near  Chattanooga.  During  the  battle  of  Chickamanga  and  the  several  cavalry  en- 
gagements immediately  preceding  and  subsequent  to  the  general  engagement,  the 


753  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee 


— ; ■ — ; : 

legion  sustained  its  well-earned  reputation  of  "reliable,"  losing  heavily  in  killed 
and  wounded. 

On  the  17th  of  October,  1863,  the  legion,  commanded  by  Col.  Neal,  in  company 
with  the  First  Georgia  Cavalry  (Col.  Morrison),  the  Sixth  Georgia  Cavalry  (Col. 
Hart),  the  Third  Confederate  Cavalry  (Col.  Rice),  and  detached  portions  of  other 
commands,  all  under  Col.  Morrison,  in  conjunction  with  Dibrell's  brigade,  left 
the  right  of  Brum's  army  to  attack  the  enemy  under  Woolford,  at  Philadelphia, 
Tenn.  After  killing  and  capturing  about  one  thousand  of  the  enemy  and  driving 
the  remainder  north  of  the  Tennessee  River,  the  command  held  the  line  of  the 
Tennessee  River  until  the  advance  of  Lon^street  upon  Burnside,  at  Knoxville. 

#  .  -ax/ 

in  November. 

During  Longstreet's  campaign  in  East  Tennessee  the  Sixteenth  Battalion  suf- 
fered severely,  especially  on  the  2d  of  December,  when  Col.  Neal,  with  the  Six- 
teenth and  detached  portions  of  other  commands,  was  ordered  to  harass  and  retard 
Sherman's  advance  as  much  as  possible,  the  command  being  under  fire  the  entire 

dav. 
i 

On  the  21st  of  March,  18:34,  Col.  Eucker  was  transferred  to  the  department  of 

Mississippi,  anil  soon  after  the  legion  was  assigned  to  Gen.  J.  C.  Vaughn's  brigade, 
and  constituted  a  part  of  his  brigade  during  the  remainder  of  the  war. 

In  the  summer  of  1S6-L  the  brigade  was  ordered  to  the  Valley  of  Virginia.  The 
discipline  and  self-contidence  of  the  Sixteenth  previously  acquired  carried  it  with 
success  through  Early's  terrible  campaign,  and  the  same  Tennessee  battle-yell  that 
they  had  learned  in  Tennessee  and  Kentucky  was  heard  amid  the  rough  hills  of 
old  Maryland  and  from  the  beautiful  slopes  of  the  great  Valley  of  Virginia.  The 
Sixteenth  Battalion  buried  its  gallant  dead  killed  in  battle  at  Piedmont,  Winches- 
ter,  Fisher's  Hill,  Darksville,  Newtown,  and  Monocacy. 

In  September,  1864,  the  brigade  was  ordered  back  to  East  Tennessee  and  South- 
west Virginia,  where  we  were  in  almost  a  continuous  skirmish  or  fight  with  Gillem 
and  Stoneman  until  the  surrender  of  Lee.  After  the  surrender  of  Lee  the  bri- 
gade crossed  the  mountains  into  North  Carolina  to  join  Johnston's  army.  After 
the  surrender  of  Johnston  it  proceeded  to  Washington,  Ga.,  and  surrendered. 

The  history  of  the  Sixteenth  Battalion  would  be  the  history  of  the  war  in  East 
Tennessee,  Kentucky,  and  South-west  Virginia.  Its  gallant  dead  lie  buried  on 
more  than  a  hundred  battle-fields,  picket  p  >sts,  and  skirmish  lines  of  the  war. 
May  they  rest  in  peace!  The  survivors,  some  of  them  with  but  one  arm  or  one  leg, 
are  as  good  and  true  citizens  of  this  republic  as  any  that  live  between  the  two 
oceans. 


Official.']  Sixteenth  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Lieutenant-colonel.  John  R.  Nenl ;  M;\j<>r,  F.  J.  Paine;  Quartermaster,  II.  W.  McElwee;  Sur- 
geon. S.  P.  Hood;  Adjutant,  \V.  B.  L.  Reagan. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain.3:  T.  J.  Brown,  William  C.  Eolen,  and  G.  G.  Montgomery. 

Kinurick,  J.  F.,  k.  in  action  June  9,  1863,  near  Moncicello. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  R.  F.  Martin. 
Goodwin,  W.  L.,  d.  at  Athens,  Tenn.,  May  15,1  Franklin.  J.  R.,  d.  April  15,130^  near  Monti- 
1863.  cello,  Kv. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


Foster,  S.  W.,  d.  Nov.  15, 1862,  at  Athens,  Tenn.  1  Metcalfe,  Robert  L.,  d.  at  Athens,  Ttnn.,  Fei . 
Ellis,  J.  L..  k.  in  action  June  'J,  1363.  \     17,  1803. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  Win,  P.  Darwin. 
Whaley,  T.  E.,  k.  accidentally,  June  6,  1803,  by  j  Locke,  D.  L.,  d.  Dec.  22,  1804,  in  hospital  at 

the  premature  discharge  of  his  gun.  Bristol. 

Miller,  J.  E.,  drowned  March  28,  1863,  in  Dix  ;  Crawford,  T.  H.,  d.  Nov.  25,  1864. 

River.  Ky.  j  Jackson.  G.  W.,  d.  in  prison. 

Armour,  J.  A.  S.,  k.  at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  Sept.  |  Fondren,  G.  W.,  d.  in  pri<on. 

22,  1801.  J  Svvafford,  Abram,  d.  in  prison. 

Ferguson,  A.  L.,  k.  at  Morristown,  Tenn.,  Oct. ;  Robinson,  .John,  k.  Sept.  26, 1864,  in  the  Va!le» 

28,  1864.  I      of  Virginia. 

Hail,  A.  J.,  d.  Jan.  4,  1SG3,  in  Ashe  county,  N.  C. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captains:  Benjamin  T.  Brown  and  F.  M.  Murray 


Hamby,  Reuben,  d.  Jan.  20,  1363,  in  hospital  at 

Knoxviile. 
Loden,  John,  d.  May  20,  1SG3,  in  Cumberland 

couuty,  Tenn. 
Burlington,  Hurst,  d.  May  1,  1864. 


Beam,  Thomas,  k.  in  action  at  Winchester,  Ya_ 

July  24,  1S64. 
Matheny,  S.  R.  S.,  d.  March  24:  1863,  in  Roane 

county,  Tenn. 


COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Thomas  S.  Rumhaugh. 
Finchen,  Alexander,  d.  some  time  in  May.         J  Bowlin,  T.  C.  k.  July  24.  1SC4. 
Quarrels,  Eli,  d.  some  time  in  October.  j  Farnsworth.  Isaac,  k.  July  24, 1904. 

Pruitt,  G.  A.,  d.  some  time  in  Feb..  1863.  j  Hoyal,  David,  d.  some  time  in  November,  \t'A. 

Rumbuagh,  Capl.  Thos.  S.,k.  in  action  Nov.  12,  j      in  prison  at  Fort  Delaware. 
1SC4,  at  Morristown,  Tenn. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  Michael  Staley. 
Mahan,  Lewis,  k.  accidentally.  I  Powers,  Harvey,  k.  Sept.  30,  1S64,  at  Port  Re- 

Edeus,  Robt.,  k.  accidentally.  |      public,  Va. 

From  Forrest's  Cartpaigns. 

Sixteenth  Battalion  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
J.  R.  Neal,  Lieutenant-colonel ;  W.  B.  L.  Reagan,  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant;  H.  W.  McF.Iwee. 
Assistant  Quartermaster;  Joseph  Paine,  Major. 

Company  Officers. 

Co.  A:  James  Rodgers,  Captain;  Frederick  A.  Lenoir,  First  Lieutenant;  G.  A.  Montgomery 
and  W.  C.  Pride.  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  B:  R.  F.  Mastin,  Captain;  W.  N.  King,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  T.  Vaughn  and  J.  M-  Kir,.' 
Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  C:  W.  P.  Darwin,  Captain;  H.  C.  Collins,  First  Lieutenant ;  Armour  and Thorn- 

asson,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  D:  F.  M.  Murray,  Captain;  Thomas  H.  Mastin,  First  Lieutenant;  Campbell  and 

James  Baine,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  E:  Thomas  Rumbaucrh,  Captain;  Thomas  Williams,  First  Lieutenant;  William  Will- 
iams and  W.  P.  Reed.  Second  Licutenan's. 

Co.  F:  Mike  Stoley,  Captain;  E.  Eitson,  First  Lieutenant;  Monegkam  and  Moses  An- 
derson, Second  Lieutenants. 


760  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

ALLISON'S  SQUADRON,  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  John  II.  Allison. 
Gann,  Edward,  k.  in  action  at  Chickamauga,  1  Gunn,  Joseph,  d.  at  Tunuell  Hill,  Ga.,  Jan.  5, 
Sept.  19,  1863.  J      1%04. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain,  J.  S.  Reece. 

Hullet,  William,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  i  New'som,  R.  H.,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  10, 

1S63.  I     1863. 

Jones,  James,  k.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19, 1363. ' 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  Robert  V.  Wright. 

Clay,  Garrett,  k.  in  action  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19, 1863. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  William  Harrison. 

Cook,  E.  G.,  k.  at  Denmark,  Tenn.,  Sept.  1, 1  Cook,  V.  G.,  k.  at  Denmark,  Tenn.,  Sept.  1, 


1862.  1862, 


BALLENTINE'S  CAVALRY. 

Official.'}  

Colonel,  John  G.  Ballentine. 


COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  Edward  Ethel  Porter. 

Rumsey,  C.  H.,  d.  Oct.  3, 1862,  in  De  Soto  coun- 
ty. Miss. 

Wills.  W.  A.,  d.  Aug.  7,  1864,  from  wounds. 

Downing,  W.  R,  d.  in  hospital  at  Atlanta,  Ga., 
from  wound  received  in  action,  May  28.  TS04, 
near  Dallas,  Ga.  No  braver  cr  better  soldier 
ever  lived.  He  was  from  Schuyler  eounty, 
Mo. 


Broheust,  James  ft,  d.  Dec.  1, 1SG2,  near  Mem- 
phis. 
Brown,  Jeremiah,  d.  Feb.  16, 1863,  at  Alton,  111. 
Howell,  John  B..  d.  Dec.  2,  1SG3,  at  Alton,  111. 
Whitworth,  Benjamin  R.,  d.  Jan.  5,  1863,  near 

Okolona,  Miss. 
Chandler,  D.  W.,  d.  of  an   accidental  gunshot 
wound. 

The  following  are  memoranda  appearing  under  the  heading  of  "  Record  of  Events: " 
"This  company  was  engaged  with  the  enemy  at  Oxford,  Miss.,  on  the  3d  of  December.  1862, 
losing  twelve  men  who  were  taken  prisoners;  and  again  at  Water  Valley,  Miss.,  on  the  4fh  of 
December,  1862,  losing  eight  men— two  wounded  and  six  taken  prisoners.  It  was  with  Maj.- 
gen.  Van  Dorn  on  his  march  from  Grenada,  Miss.,  to  Bolivar,  Tenn.,  and  participated  in  the 
charge  on  the  One  Hundred  and  First  Illinois  Volunteers  and  the  Twenty-seventh  Illinois 
Volunteers.  On  the  21st  of  December,  1SG2,  it  took  thirteen  prisoners  out  of  a  block-house 
at  Davis's  Mills,  Miss.  The  company  left  Charleston.  Miss.,  on  the  26th  of  January.  1863;  left 
Okolona,  Miss.,  on  the  7th  of  February,  1863;  and  arrived  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  on  or  about  Feb- 
ruary 26th. 

"This  company  was  engaged  in  skirmishing  with  the  enemy  in  a  recent  raid  upon  Canton 
on  the  16th,  17th,  and  the  morning  of  the  ISth. 
•*-  The  squadron  to  which  this  company  is  attached  was  left  to  cover  the  retreat  of  Gen.  Cos- 

by's  brigade  at Creek  on  the  evening  of- the  17th.     The  position  assigned  the  souadron 

was  held  until  ten  a.m.  on  the  18th,  when,  by  a  peremptory  order  from  Gen.  Adams,  com- 
manding the  brigade,  it  fell  buck  siowly  in  good  order,  and  rejoined  the  command  at  four  p.m. 
near  Canton.    The  force  of  the  enemy  was  generally  estimate. 1  at  twelve  thousand. 

"Since  last  muster  this  company  has  marched  from  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  to  Adairsville.  Ga., 
about  two  hundred  miles,  where  it  was  engaged  with  the  enemy  several  hours.  At  Dallas, 
Ga.,  it  was  put  into  the  ditches,  and  remained  there  several  hours. 


Regimental  Histories  and  [Memorial  Rolls.         7G1 

"On  May  2S,  1nJ4,  the  company  was  formed  on  foot,  in  connection  with  the  regiment  and 
brigade,  and  ordered  to  assault  the  enemy's  works  in  conjunction  with  Gea.  Bate's  division 
of  infantry,  which  it  did,  driving  the  enemy  from  their  works,  having  one  man  mortally 
wounded  and  one  seriously.  From  that  time  till  the  19th  of  June  it  was  engaged  in  several 
skirmishes.  On  the  19th  of  June  it  was  with  the  regiment  ordered  to  hold  a  bridge  across 
Knowles  Creek,  which  it  did  for  nine  hours  under  constant  fire  both  of  small  arms  and  artil- 
lery, having  four  men  wounded.  We  have  been  in  a  skirmish  or  right  nearly  every  day  since. 
-'[Signed]  George  R.  Mebbitt, 

"  First  Lieutenant  Commanding  Co.  C,  Bailentine's  Cavalry.'' 

Dated  June  30,  1861. 

This  company  was  mustered  into  service  by  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  dated  Rich- 
mond, February  20,  1362.    The  authority  says: 

"  If  you  succeed  in  raising  a  company  of  cavalry,  the  men  furnishing  their  own  arms  and 
horses,  it  will  not  be  attached  to  any  battalion  or  regiment,  but  will  be  held,  nevertheless 
subject  to  the  order  of  superior  officers. 

"'[Signed]  Jtdah  P.  Benjamin, 

"Secretary  of  War." 

This  company  was  created  a  partisan  company  by  recommendation  of  Gen.  Beauregard 
May  28,  1862;  was  authorized  to  increase  its  numbers  to  a  battalion  or  regiment  by  Brig.-u'ei:. 
Viilepigue  July  11,  1662;  was  ordered  to  report  to  Col.  Ballentine  in  1802,  since  which  time  it 
has  been  claimed  by  him  as  Co.  B  of  his  regiment. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain:-?:  John  Eugene  Fola  and  J.  A.  Anderson. 
Bagwell,  W.  P.,  k.  in  action  at  Holly  Springs,  j  Fola,  Capt.  John  Eugene,  d.  May  10,  1S63,  at 
Miss.,  Dec.  20, 1862.  I     Columbia,  Tenn.,  from  wounds  received  the 

Benoisr,  C.  J-,  d.  Dec.  20,  1SG2.  |      night,  of  the  7th  of  May,  18G3. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captains:  William  W.  McDowell  and  D.  J.  Jernigan. 
Siathope,  Reeves  \V.,  k.  May  28,  1861,  near  Dallas,  Ga. 

The  following  memoranda  appear  under  the  heading  of  "  Record  of  Events:" 
"  G.  W.  Randolph,  Secretary  of  War,  instructed  me  to  apply  to  the  commander  of  the  divis- 
ion of  the  army  for  authority  to  raise  a  company  on  the  10th  of  July.     I  made  application  to 
Gen.  Viliepigue,  and  he  gave  me  a  commission  July  27  to  raise  a  company  fur  three  years  or 

the  war. 

"[Signed]  D.  J.  Jebnigax, 

"Captain  Commanding  Co.  C." 


FORREST'S  (OLD)  REGIMENT,  CAVALRY 

By  D.  C.  Kellev,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Notwithstanding  the  many  changes  through  which  this  regiment  passed 
from  its  iirst  organization  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  October,  186!,  to  its  surrender  at 
Gainesville,  Ala.,  May  11,  1865,  there  was  persistent  refusal  to  accept  any  other 
name  than  that  which  heads  this  sketch,  or  to  be  known  by  any  number. 

Its  field  officers  were  as  follows:  N.  B.  Forrest,  Lieutenant-colonel;  D.  C.  Kel- 
lev, Major;  C.  A.  Schuyler,  Adjutant;  Dr.  S.  M.  Van  Wick,  of  Iluntsville,  Ala., 
Surgeon;  J.  P.  Strange,  of  Memphis,  Sergeant-major. 

As  first  organized  the  regiment  was  composed  of  Capt,  Overton's  Company  (A), 
Brandenburg,  Ky.,  some  ninety  men;  Capt.  Logan's  Company  (G),  Ilarrodsburg, 
Ky.,  forty-rive  men;  Kelley  Troopers  (Company  F),  Madison  comity,  Ala.,  ninety 
men;  Capt.  Trewhius  Company  (K),  Gadsden,  Ala.,  eighty  men;  Capt.  Bawl's 


762  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Company  (B),  South  Alabama*  eighty  men;  Capt.  Miiner's  Company  (H),  Mar- 
shall county,  Ala.,  eighty-five  men;  Capt.  Gould's  Company  (J)),  Texas,  ninety 
men;  and  Capt.  May's  Company  (C),  Memphis  Tenn.,  ninety  men. 

Later,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  roster  at  the  close  of  this  sketch,  it  became  by  de- 
grees almost  entirely  a  regiment  of  West  Tennessee  troops. 

Immediately  after  the  organization  of  the  regiment  six  of  the  eight  companies 
then  composing  it,  under  command  of  Maj.  Kelley,  were  put  in  motion  for  Fort 
Donelson.  The  first  expedition  was  to  the  neighborhood  of  Cadiz,  Ivy.,  t<;  protect 
an  engineer  party  of  sappers  and  miners,  who  were  engaged  in  the  obstruction  of  die 
Cumberland  Kiver  a  little  above  Cadiz.  The  only  remarkable  feature  of  this  first 
expedition  was  that  the  whole  command  was  fed  and  foraged  by  the  generous  Ken- 
tuckians  for  two  weeks,  as  a  compliment  to  their  presence,  without  charge  to  the  Con- 
federate Government.  Lieut.-col.  Forrest  arrived  with  the  remainder  of  the  re'T- 
- 

iment  about  the  time  this  expedition  was  over.  In  this  brief  sketch  we  can  only 
give  the  names  of  the  engagements  in  which  the  regiment  took  part;  first  of 
which  was  a  cavalry  attack  upon  the  gun-boat  ;{ Conestoga,"  in  which  the  victi  iry  re- 
mained with  the  sharp-shooters,  the  gun-boat  retiring  after  a  combat  lasting  sev- 
eral hours.  This  occurred  in  the  Cumberland  Kiver  near  Canton,  Ky.  This  had 
been  preceded,  by  two  days,  by  the  capture  of  a  transport  on  the  Ohio  River 
loaded  with  Government  supplies,  by  a  battalion  of  the  regiment  under  Maj.  Kel- 
ley; and  was  quickly  followed  by  the  brilliant  affair  of  Sacramento,  Ky.,  in  which 
Forrest,  in  cooperation  with  Col.  Starnes,  utterly  routed  a  superior  body  of  Fed- 
eral cavalry,  and  by  his  reckless  daring  set  the  key-note  of  his  future  greatness  as 
a  cavalry  leader.  Muj.  Kelley,  in  notes  written  soon  after  the  occurrence,  thus 
depicts  Col.  Forrest  as  he  appeared  in  this  combat  and  chase  of  Sacramento:  "It 
was  the  first  time  I  had  seen  the  Colonel  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  and  when  he 
rode  up  to  me  in  the  thick  of  the  action  I  could  scarcely  believe  him  to  be  the 
man  I  had  known  for  several  months.  His  face  was  flushed  till  it  bore  a  striking 
resemblance  to  a  painted  Indian  warriors;  and  his  eyes,  usually  mild  in  expres- 
sion, were  blazing  with  the  intense  glare  of  a  panther  springing  upon  its  prey. 
In  fact,  he  looked  as  little  like  the  Forrest  of  our  mess-table  as  the  storm  of  De- 
cember resembles  the  quiet  of  June." 

Soon  after  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Fort  Donelson  to  meet  the  advance  of 
the  Federal  army  on  that  devoted  post.  They  re-ached  there  Feb.  10th.  On  the 
11th  a  battalion  of  the  regiment  under  Maj.  Kelley  successfully  held  in  check  the 
advance  of  the  Federal  troops  from  the  direction  of  Fort  Henry,  so  thai  on  the 
next  day  it  was  found  that  the  heavier  column  of  the  enemy  had  changed  to  a  par- 
allel road.  Here,  on  the  morning  of  the  12th,  Col.  Forrest  was  joined  by  the 
battalion  under  Maj.  Kelley,  and  a  dashing  charge  made,  which  delayed  all  far- 
ther advance  of  the  enemy  for  that  day.  About  three  o'clock  the  cavalry  were 
ordered  within  the  fortifications.  The  men  who  had  been  in  the  saddle  tor  two 
days,  and  fighting  a  great  part  of  the  time,  worked  on  the  fortifications  ail  night. 
Next  day  a  part  of  the  regiment,  armed  with  long-range  guns,  did  excellent  w  >rk 
pitted  against  the  sharp-shooters  of  the  enemy. 

It  seems  well  for  us  to  correct  some  of  the  false  impressions  made  by  writer^  in 
reference  to  a  number  of  events  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson.  General  Lew 
"Wallace,  in  the  Oentury  for  December,  1SS4,  in  speaking  of  Feb.  14,  says:  "The 
supineness  of  Gen.  Floyd  all  these  years  remains  incomprehensible.    A  vigorous 


Eegimkxtal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


attack  on  the  morning  of  the  13th  might  have  thrown  Grant  bark  on  Fort  Henrv." 
Gen.  Wallace,  as  well  as  other  writers,  in  mentioning  the  fact,  seems  to  forget  that 
Gen.  Floyd  himself  only  arrived  that  morning,  and  parts  of  his  own  command 
were  not  in  place  early  on  the  morning  of  the  14th;  so  that  he  had  no  advantage 
over  the  Federal  forces  in  the  matter  of  concentration  that  would  have  enabled 
him  to  strike  the  blow  here  contemplated.  This  much  is  due  the  generalship  at 
Fort  Donelson,  which  needs  all  to  be  said  in  favor  of  it  that  can  be  truthfully  said. 

The  delay  of  the  Federal  forces,  helped  so  timely  by  the  cavalrv,  enabled  the 
Confederates  to  complete  their  earth-works,  and  conduced  to  the  brilliant  victor*' 
of  the  loth.  On  that  day  from  4  a.m.  to  6  r.M.  Forrest's  Regiment  was  in  the 
thick  of  the  right.  A  movement  upon  the  part  of  this  regiment  turned  the  Fed- 
eral right,  and  was  the  beginning  of  their  first  recoil.  Later  in  the  day,  in  two 
separate  charges — one  led  by  Col  Forrest,  the  other  by  Maj.  Keller — they  com- 
pleted the  capture  of  two  different  batteries,  the  batteries  and  their  support  hav- 
ing been  seriously  crippled  by  our  infantry  and  artillery. 

We  turn  to  a  later  point  in  the  battle — one  graphically  described  by  Gen.  Wal- 
lace— indicating  the  time  when  the  Federal  brigade  formed  into  line  in  the  deep 
gorge  just  in  front  of  a  dense  thicket,  and  was  immediately  attended  by  a  battery 
which  came  up  on  a  run  and  swung  across  the  road.  From  the  description  of  the 
place  and  occurrence,  this  was  just  after  the  writer  had  led  a  successful  charge  on 
a  battery  situated  near  a  white  house  on  the  Wynn's  Ferry  road,  capturing  three 
guns.  He  was  seated  at  the  head  of  his  command  in  full  view  of  the  Federal  bat- 
tery at  the  time  it  was  swung  into  position.  Five  minutes  later,  under  orders,  his 
regiment  of  cavalry  was  moved  under  cover,  and  their  place  taken  by  a  divi-ion 
of  infantry.  The  ten-minutes  tight,  which  Gen.  Wallace  regarded  as  a  serious 
matter,  did  not  amount  to  more  than  a  five-minutes  skirmish,  without  effect  on 
either  side.  He  represents  the  Federals  as  pausing  on  the  approach  of  Gen. 
Grant.  I  know  that  the  Confederates  retired  under  orders,  not  on  account  of  any 
advance  of  the  Federal  forces.  While  one  cannot  be  sure  of  time  on  the  field  of 
battle,  I  am  inclined  to  place  this  event  a  full  hour  later  than  Gen.  Wallace  places 
it — viz.,  3  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  There  was  no  fighting  from  this  time  on  our 
left  and  the  Federal  right. 

Wre  now  turn  to  Gen.  Wallace,  and  what  occurred  on  our  right  in  reference  to 
the  attack  of  the  Federal  General  Chas.  F.  Smith.  It  is  true,  while  the  trenches 
on  our  extreme  right  were  deserted,  or  almost  so,  that  Gen.  Smith  did  succeed  in 
finding  a  lodgment  in  a  detached  portion  of  our  works.  It  is  equally  true  that 
on  the  return  of  the  Confederate  brigade  Smith's  advance  was  not  only  rendered 
impossible,  but  only  the  coming  on  of  night  prevented  his  entire  dislodcrment. 

(ien.  Wallace  is  correct  when  he  says  that  it  was  Gen.  Pillow's  inflation  with 
the  idea  of  an  easy  victory  next  day  which  led  to  a  change  of  the  plans  after  the 
Confederates  had  Avon  the  ground  necessary  to  their  evacuation  of  Fort  Donelson. 
It  is  equally  true,  however,  that  Gen.  Pillow  but  represented  the  feeling  of  the 
whole'army,  perhaps  with  the  exception  of  Gen.  Buckner.  It  was  not  till  after 
night-fall  tiiat  Gt-n.  I'mckners  gloomy  view  of  the  situation  began  to  impress  it- 
self upon  the  other  Generals.  When  Forrest  was  called  to  a  council  of  the  Gen- 
erals early  in  the  night,  and  on  ins  return  reported  that  it  was  believed  at  head- 
quarters that  the  enemy  had  regained  the  ground  from  which  they  had  been  driven 
during  the  day,  the  writer  earnestly  protested,  on  the  ground  that  he  had  remained 


[ 

t 

.  761  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

with  the  cavalry  gathering  up  arms  on  the  battle-field  till  after  sunset,  and  left  it 
without  seeing  any  movement  upon  the  part  of  the  Federals  to  regain  the  positi  n 
east  of  the  Wynn's  Ferry  road.  Forrest  declared  that  he  was  satisfied  that  the 
lires  which  the  scouts  supposed  to  be  camp-fires  of  the  Federal  army  were  in  real- 
ity only  rekindled  tires  of  the  night  before  renewed  by  the  wounded  men  left  upon 
the  field  to  prevent  freezing  in  the  bitter  cold  of  the  night.  Scouts  were  also  sent 
out  from  »ur  head-quarters,  and  made  similar  reports;  but  nothing  could  relieve 
the  somber  view  of  the  situation  taken  by  Gen.  Buckner.     The  contagion  caoght 

1  Gen.  Floyd,  and  finally  penetrated  the  emotional  nature  of  Gen.  Pillow,  and  led 

to  the  conduct  which  will  ever  stain  the  one  as  unsuited  to  military  afiairs  and  the 
other  as  totally  deficient  in  soundness  of  judgment. 

Gen.  Pillow  had -won  high  credit  as  a  soldier  during  the  day,  and  had  fought  his 
men  with  eminent  success,  unsurpassed  in  any  action  of  the  war.  Gen*.  Floyd 
and  Buckner  had  been  almost  useless  throughout  the  day,  and  now  in  the  evening 
paralyzed  Gen.  Pillowr  with  their  fears. 

Besides  the  above  proof  that  Gen.  "Wallace  is  mistaken  when  he  claims  that  he 
occupied  on  the  night  of  the  loth  the  ground  which  McClernand  had  occupied  the 
night  before,  secondly,  I  know  that  in  riding  out  with  cavalry  and  artillery  men 
over  the  frozen  ground — many  of  whom  in  closing  up  brought  their  horses  to  a 
gallop,  so  that  the  hoof-beats  could  have  been  easily  heard  a  mile  in  the  stillness 
of  the  night — no  Federal  gun,  even  of  a  picket,  was  heard  to  break  upon  their 
march.  Further,  the  writer  paused  at  day-break  within  half  a  mile  of  the  ground 
occupied  by  McCiernand's  head-quarters,  and  remained  till  S  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing without  seeing  or  hearing  any  indications  of  the  presence  of  any  Federal 
forces.  There  was  not  a  Captain  in  the  Confederate  army  at  the  close  of  the  war, 
with  four  years  experience,  who  would  have  hesitated  in  deciding  that  the  armv 
from  Fort  Donelson  could  have  begun  its  march  at  any  time  from  4  o'clock  in  the 

<  afternoon  to  midnight  without  having  attracted  the  notice  of  the  Federal  f<  rce.-, 

and  could  have  been  eight  or  ten  hours  in  advance  before  the  enemy  would  have 
discovered  the  movement  or  begun  in  earnest  a  pursuit. 

Through  Gen.  Forrest  the  cavalry  made  a  proposal  to  go  in  advance  until  we 
had  cleared  the  way  for  the  army  beyond  the  Federal  lines,  and  then  cover  their 
retreat,  which  both  then  and  now  we  do  not  hesitate  to  believe  could  have  been 
done  with  the  completest  success.  Forrest  alone,  of  all  the  officers  brought  into 
the  council,  showed  a  military  genius  equal  to  the  hour.  His  chagrin  at  the  pro- 
pose to  surrender  was  intense.  His  view  of  the  position  of  the  Federal  armv  ,,n 
the  night  after  the  battle  proved  accurate;  his  belief  in  the  ability  of  the  infantry 
to  make  the  march  was  founded  in  a  knowledge  of  human  endurance  in  men  who 


had  shown  the  pluck  and  nerve  of  the  day  before.  Incapacity  growing  out  of  in- 
experience and  want  of  high  military  instinct,  threw  away  our  army  at  Fort  D<  r.- 
elson.  Forrest  was  a  man  of  military  genius  to  perceive  the  thing  to  be  done, 
and  possessed  a  heroic  will  to  stand  by  what  he  believed  to  be  the  duty  of  the 
hour. 

Gen.  Buckner's  soldierly  conduct  in  remaining  with  the  army,  after  surre:v:.?r 
had  been  determined  upon,  has  in  the  eye  of  history  redeemed  him  from  the  jnst 
censure  which  belongs  to  him  for  inaction  during  the  day  and  unwarrantable  de- 
spondency at  night  His  mistakes  by  day  and  by  night  alike  doomed  the  Confed- 
eracy to  the  loss  of  the  army  which  had  so  bravely  won  the  victory  of  the  15th. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


705 


Again  in  the  saddle  at  three  a.m.  on  the  16th,  prepared  to  cut  their  way  through 
at  all  hazards,  the  regiment  followed  their  dauntless  leader  out  of  the  intrench- 
ments  before  the  formal  surrender.  For  the  next  ten  days  they  were  drawn  on  for  the 
most  unremitting  duty  in  securing  and  forwarding  the  army  stores  left  in  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  by  the  retreat  of  Gen.  Johnston.  In  this  time,  by  almost  Herculean 
effort,  there  were  saved  of  supplies  left  in  Nashville  "six  hundred  boxes  of  cloth- 
ing, a  quarter  of  a  million  pounds  of  bacon,  and  forty  wagon-loads  of  ammuni- 
tion;' 

The  next  battle  in  which  the  regiment  took  part  was  a;  Shiloh.  A  few  days 
before  this  battle  Forrest  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  regiment;  D.  C.  Kelley, 
Lieutenant-colonel;  and  R.  M.  Balch,  Major.  J.  P.  Strange  became  Adjutant. 
During  the  Saturday  before  the  fight  at  Shiloh  the  regiment  was  all  day  in  the 
saddle,  with  ever-running  skirmishes  with  light  bodies  of  Federal  cavalry.  Early 
in  the  action  on  the  day  of  the  battle  of  Shiloh  nothing  signal  occurred  upon  the 
part  of  the  regiment  until,  by  a  movement  on  the  left  of  Prentiss's  position,  he 
was  led  to  surrender,  and  was,  with  his  whole  command,  taken  to  the  rear  under 
escort  of  Forrest's  regiment.  Col.  Forrest  left  to  Lieut.-col.  Kelley  the  duty  of 
taking  the  prisoners  to  the  rear;  and,  detaching  only  a  squadron  from  the  regiment, 
went  to  hunt  further  opportunity  for  hot  work.  As  Lieut.-col.  Kelley  reached  the 
front  on  his  return  from  the  duty  assigned  him,  a  staff  officer  dashed  up  to  him 
and  asked,  "What  cavalry  do  you  command?"  Receiving  the  reply,  "Forrest's 
Regiment,"  the  officer  said,  "Gen.  Bragg  desires  you  to  charge  the  buttery  which 
is  annoying  his  front  as  soon  as  he  gets  ready  to  move."  At  this  time  a  consider- 
able body  of  troops  were  being  formed  under  cover  of  the  last  ridge  before  reach- 
ing the  Tennessee  River.  Col.  Kelley,  ordering  the  regiment  to  take  shelter  be- 
hind a  precipitate  point  of  the  ridge,  attended  by  one  of  the  regimental  staff,  rode 
up  the  ridge  to  make  a  reconnoissance  of  the  position  of  the  battery.  Here,  as 
he  reported,  he  was  in  full  view  of  the  enemy  crowding  back  toward  the  river  in 
the  utmost  confusion — no  longer  an  army,  but  a  mob.  While  watching  this  scene 
of  confusion  several  of  the  guns  of  the  only  land  battery  then  being  served  by  the 
Federal  army  were  limbered  up  and  galloped  rapidly  toward  the  river.  The  re- 
mainder of  the  battery  was  deserted,  leaving  him  nothing  in  that  direction  to 
charge.  Riding  back,  he  said  to  one  of  Gen.  Bragg's  staff:  "As  soon  as  your  line 
of  advance  shows  itself  on  top  of  the  ridge  the  Federal  forces  will  surrender. 
They  are  in  utter  confusion."  lie  replied,  "The  General  will  be  ready  to  move 
in  five  minutes."  Col.  Kelley  turned  aside  and  dismounted  to  examine  his  horse, 
which  had  been  wounded  in  the  leg  on  his  reconnoissance.  A  little  later,  seeing 
no  movement  upon  the  part  of  the  troops,  he  approached  and  asked  an  officer 
what  it  meant.  He  said  that  (Jen.  Beauregard  had  sent  orders  to  bring  the  men 
out  from  under  the  tire  of  the  gun-boats  and  bivouac  for  the  night,  and  added, 
"Gen.  Bragg  is  foaming  at  the  mouth  like  a  mad  tiger."  Twenty  minutes  delay 
of  that  order,  and  all  would  have  been  ours.  The  next  day  that  part  of  tiie  regi- 
ment under  Lieut.-col.  Keiley  held  position  on  our  extreme  right,  and  having  no 
orders  continued  the  tight  with  his  men  dismounted  for  more  than  an  hour  after 
the  orders  for  retreat  had  been  received  on  the  left  and  center.  Ours  were  the 
last  troops  to  leave  the  field.  In  withdrawing  we  passed  between  two  columns  of 
Federal  infantry,  in  full  view  of  each,  but  the  spoils  of  the  night  before  had 
clothed  so  manv  of  the  men  in  blue  that  we  were  nut  recognized  as  Confederates 


706  Militaey  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


until  we  had  successfully  passed  the  heads  of  both  columns.  It  is  due  the  char- 
acter of  the  Confederate  army,  which  lias  been  so  often  represented  as  in  great 
disorganization  at  the  time  that  Gen.  Beauregard  ordered  Gen.  Bragg  to  withdraw 
his  men  from  under  the  tire  of  the  gun-boats,  to  say  that  the  line  of  men  formed 
by  Gen.  Brag?  was  admirably  organized,  and  presented  the  picture  of  high  sol- 
dierly daring  and  confidence,  Later  in  the  evening  Col.  Forrest,  with  the  squad- 
ron he  had  with  him  and  some  Kentucky  and  Texas  companies,  made  a  most  brill- 
iant charge,  driving  a  regiment  of  Federal  cavalry  over  a  whole  brigade  of  their 
own  infantry.  In  this  charge  Col.  Forrest  was  wounded.  For  thirteen  days  suc- 
ceeding the  regiment  'was  on  duty  between  Pittsburg  Landing  and  Corinth;  was 
engaged  in  eight  severe  and  obstinate  skirmishes  with  overwhelming  odds,  besides 
daily  picket  skirmish.es.  In  the  retreat  from  Corinth  to  Tupelo  the  regiment  was 
left  for  two  days  in  the  enemy's  front  to  obstruct  pursuit  without  rations  or  orders. 
Space  will  only  allow  the  names  of  the  principal  battles  and  expeditions  in 
which  it  took  part  up  to  the  close  of  the  war.  From  Tupelo  one  battalion  of  the 
regiment,  under  command  of  Maj.  Balch  and  afterward  Maj.  McDonald,  accom- 
panied Gen.  Forrest  in  his  expedition  to  and  capture  of  Murfreesboro,  and  the 
dash  at  the  pickets  around  Nashville;  afterward  with  Gen.  Bragg  through  the 
whole  campaign  and  battles  of  Kentucky.  The  other  battalion,  under  command 
of  Lient.-eol.  Kelley,  accompanied   Gen.  Armstrong  through  North  Alabama, 

and  charged,  captured,  and  almost  annihilated  the  Fourth  Michigan  Cavalrv  near 

I  7      r  7  .... 

Okolona  Church.  Later  the  regiment  was  with  Gen.  Forrest  in  his  celebrated 
West  Tennessee  raid,  and  in  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro.  It  took  a  part  in  the 
most  wonderful  pursuit  and  capture  of  Cdh  Streight.  Returning  to  Middle  Ten- 
nessee, it  was  in  four  other  cavalry  engagements  before  the  evacuation  of  the  State. 
Between  this  and  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  the  regiment  participated  in  the 
East  Tennessee  raid  and  took  a  well-known  part  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
After  this  battle  the  regiment  followed  the  fortunes  of  Gen.  Forrest  in  his  new  field 
in  the  West;  was  engaged  in  the  expedition  into  West  Tennessee  as  the  nucleus 
around  which  Gen.  Forrest  gathered  an  army  of  thirty-rive  hundred  between  the  4th 
and  27th  of  December.  It  took  part  later  in  the  battles  of  Okolona,  Miss.,  Sonier- 
ville,  Term.,  and  Bolivar,  Tenn.  Later  was  engaged  in  that  most  brilliant  and  suc- 
cessful battle  of  the  war — Brice's  Cross-roads,  or  Tishomingo  Creek.  Then  in  the 
disastrous  battle  of  Harrisburg.  It  was  after  this  battle  and  the  ambuscade  at 
Town  Creek,  when  the  Federal  forces  had  driven  all  the  attacking  force  in  disas- 
ter from  the  field,  that  the  regiment,  moving  by  the  right  rlank,  was  deployed  on 
the  field.  So  soon  as  Gen.  Forrest  saw  it  forming  he  dashed  to  its  front  and  or- 
dered a  charge.  He  had  just  been  painfully  wounded  in  the  foot,  and  was  in  a 
towering  passion.  The  Colonel  commanding  the  regiment,  saluting  him.  said, 
"  We  will  have  the  old  regiment  in  position  to  charge  in  two  minutes."  Just  at 
this  moment  a  shell  from  the  enemy's  battery  struck  the  ground  about  twenty 
[    '  paces  to  the  front  of  the  line,  and  1  icochetted  over  the  heads  of  the  mounted  men. 

Not  a  veteran  moved  in  the  line.  Suffering  as  he  was,  this  undaunted  front  upon 
the  part  of  his  old  followers  in  the  midst  of  disaster  and  rout  so  moved  the 
General  that  he  exclaimed.,  "  The  old  regiment  shows  them  that  she  is  not  afraid.'" 
His  temper  was  calmed  by  his  admiration  of  their  heroism,  and  he  turned  and 
rode  from  the  field,  saying,  "  I  can  trust  you  to  do  the  best  that  can  be  done." 
A  few  weeks  later  the  regiment  formed  a  part  of  the  force  with  which  Gen. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         707 


Forrest  entered  Memphis;  was  a  part  of  the  expedition  into  Middle  Tennessee  in 
August  arid  September,  taking  active  part  in  the  capture  of  Athens,  Ala.,  and  of 
Sulphur  Trestle.  Recrossing  Tennessee  River  in  advance  of  Gen.  Forrest,  it 
formed  a  part  of  the  forces  under  Col.  Kelley  in  the  decisive  affair  of  Eastport, 

Ala.,  in  which  the  Federal  loss  was  six  guns,  near  a  thousand  men  killed,  drowned, 
captured,  and  missing,  with  a  loss  to  the  Confederates  of  only  one  man  seriously 
wounded. 

From  October  17  to  November  17  the  regiment  took  part  in  the  expedition  into 
West  Tennessee  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  the  Federal  gun-boats  and  trans- 
ports near  Paris,  on  the  Tennessee  River.  Fifty  picked  men  under  Col.  Keller, 
boarding  the  "  Venus,''  steamed  across  the  river  and  captured  the  gun-boat  "Un_ 
dine,"  brought  it  across  the  river,  and  delivered  the  prize  to  Gen.  Forrest.  Were 
at  the  burning  of  Johnsonville,  where  the  Federals  lost  more  than  two  million 
dollars  worth  of  stores. 

A  question  for  the  future  historian  is  raised  here:  What  set  fire  to  the  boats  and 
stores  at  Johnsonville?  We  had  been  firing  both  shot  and  shell  for  hours  without 
effect.  Forrest  had  ridden  from  his  lower  battery  up  the  river  to  where  the  writer 
was  stationed  with  a  body  of  sharp-shooters.  We  were  immediately  opposite  the 
boats.  A  consultation  had  been  held  on  the  possibility  of  constructing  a  raft  to 
cross  the  river  and  capture  the  boats.  Forrest  had  left  the  selection  of  the  posi- 
tion at  which  to  construct  and  from  which  to  launch  the  raft  to  the  writer,  and 
had  himself  gone  to  send  men  and  tools  to  aid  in  the  construction.  It  was  already 
dark.  The  Federal  forces  had  all  retreated  out  of  range  of  our  batteries,  when  a 
torch  was  seen  to  descend  the  opposite  bank,  to  pass  rapidly  from  hiding  behind 
first  one  and  then  another  huge  pile  of  quartermaster  stores.  Finally  a  steam- 
boat  was  entered.  The  light  -Hashed  past  window  after  window  two  minutes  or 
lesgj  and  that  boat  wns  wrapped  in  flames,  which  soon  extended  to  all  the  boats 
and  the  large  mass  of  stores  on  land. 

Joining  Gen.  Hood  at  Florence,  Ala.,  in  the  latter  part  of  November,  the  regi- 
ment was  engaged  in  thirteen  battles  and  heavy  skirmishes  between  this  date  and 
the  retreat  of  Hood's  army  across  the  Tennessee  River.  The  last  guns  fired  in 
position  on  the  gloomy  day  that  closed  the  battle  of  Nashville  were  fired  by  this 
regiment  on  the  Granny  White  pike,  after  night  had  set  in,  in  obedience  to  an 
order  from  Gen.  Hood  to  "protect  the  rear  of  the  retreating  army  at  all  hazards." 
For  two  days  the  men  had  not  loosed  the  bridle-reins  from  their  hands;  for  eight 
successive  hours  they  had  assisted  to  repel  a  force  of  cavalry  more  than  four  times 
their  number;  yet  after  night-fall,  when  flanked  out  of  the  position  they  had  held 
with  dogged  persistence  during  this  disastrous  day,  they  threw  themselves  between 
Hood's  retreating  army  and  the  Federal  advance,  and  the  livelong  night  kept  at 
bay  the  overwhelming  tide  of  the  Federal  cavalry  pressing  furiously  upon  them; 
and  were  among  the  last  to  cross  the  pontoon  bridge  over  the  Tennessee  River, 
which  closed  that  terrible  retreat. 

The  regiment,  as  it  was  reorganized  after  the  Hood  retreat,  surrendered  at 
Gainesville,  Ala.,  being  at  the  time  a  part  of  the  brigade  commanded  by  Gen. 
Alexander  W.  Campbell  (the  division  being  commanded  by  Mnj.-gen.  W.  H.  Jack- 
son), and  composed  of  ten  companies,  with  regimental  field  and  staff  as  follows: 

Colonel,  D.  C.  Kelley,  Lebanon,  Tenn. 

Lieutenant-colonel,  E.  E.  Porter,  Memphis,  Tenn. 


768  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Adjutant,  W.  J.  P.  Doyle,  Memphis,  Term. 

Assistant  Quartermaster,  Capt.  S.  A.  Cochran,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Commissary,  Capt.  I>.  M.  Black,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Co.  A:  Captain,  J.  F.  Pattison,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Co.  B:  Captain,  J.  G.  Barbour,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Co.  C:  Captain,  J.  C.  Blanton,  Cofteeville,  Texas. 

Co.  L>:  Captain,  T.  H.  Magee,  Raleigh,  Tenn. 

Co.  E:  Captain,  X.  E.  Wood.  White ville,  Hardeman  county,  Tenn. 

Co.  F:  Captain,  Geo.  R.  Merritt,  Eddy  ville,  Lyon  county,  Ky. 

Co.  G:  Captain,  P.  II.  Strickland,  Shelby  county,  Tenn. 

Co.  II:  Captain,  C.  M.  Stewart,  Shelby  county,  Tenn. 

Co.  I:  Captain,  W.  T.  Carmack,  Shelhv  count v,  Tenn. 

Co.  K:  Captain,  W.  A.  Bell,  Somerville,  Tenn. 


|  From  Forrest's  Cavipctigns. 

Forrest's  (Old)  Regiment. 

As  organized  March,  1S65. 

Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
D.  C.  Kelley,  Lientenant-eolonel ;  P.  T.  Allin,  Major;  E.  A.  Spotswood,  Lieutenant  and  Ad- 
jutant; G.  A.  Cochran.  Assistant  Quartermaster. 

Company  Officers. 
I 

Co.  A:  T.  F.  Pattison,  Captain;  W.  J.  P.  Doyle,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  A.Powell  and  James 

Southerland, Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  B:  James  G.  Barbour,  Captain;  C.  D.  Steinkuhl,  First  Lieutenant;  R.  L.  Ivey  and  J.  TV 
Alexander,  Second  Lieutenants.  • 

Co.  C  :  J.  C.  Blanton,  Captain;  Charles  Balch,  First  Lieutenant;  Samuel  Powell  and  G.  Glenn, 
Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  D:  W.  H.  Forrest,  Captain;  T.  H.  Magee,  First  Lieutenant;  S.  B.  Soliman  and  Joseph 
Luxton,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  E:  N.  E.  Wood,  Captain;  W.  J.  Redd  and  B.  A.  Powell,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  F:  J.  F.  Rodgers,  Captain;  C.  A.  Dongkiss  .and  J.  S.  N;cho!s,  Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  G:  W.  J.  Shaw,  Captain;  I).  A.  Autrey,  First  Lieutenant. 

Co.  H:  J.  L.  Morphis,  Captain;  M.  Nelms,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  H.  Jones  and  W.  J.  Morphis, 
Second  Lieutenants. 

Co.  I:  T.  R.  Beartoot,  Captain ;  J.  M.  Duncan,  First  Lieutenant;  E.  Wooten, Second  Lieuten- 
ant. 

Co.  K:  Wiley  Higgs,  Captain;  J.  P.  Johnson,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  C.  Savage  and  John  Ram- 
say, Second  Lieutenants. 


Forrest's  Oayalry — Attached  to  the  Third  Tennessee  Cavalry. 

Official]  

Colonel,  N.  B.  Forrest. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  J.  E.  Forrest. 

Barton,  D.  H.,  d.  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  May  6,  i  Edwards,  C.  G.,  d.  near  Memphis,  April   20, 

18G2.  j     1862. 

Carlton,  William,  d.  near  Memphis,  May  G,    Gift,  R.  H.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Corinth,  April  20, 
1862.  |      1862. 


Campbell,  E.  B.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Oxford,  Mis?.,  j  Hunt,  T.  W.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Corinth,  May  1, 
Juue  3,  1662.  '     186B. 


te> 


CAPT    NATHAN    BCON  i 


W"  a|P 


3*5    l    EUT    JOHN    c  *" 


'■.   ■    .  ,•"'.'" 


Regimental  Histomes  and  Memorial  Rolls.         769 


Given*,  George,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson,  Feb.  15, 

1SG2. 
Campbell,  Argyle,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson,  Feb.  15, 


Stewart,  S.  H.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Oxford,  Mis?., 

May  12, 1SG2. 
Thomson,  J.  P.,  d.  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  April  23, 

1862. 
Seymore,  Daniel,  k.  by  falling  from  his  horse,  !  Halt,  J.  ().,  k.  at  Shiloh,  April  7,  1862. 

Feb.  J,  ii8#>  |  Wirnph,  William,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson,  Feb.  15, 

.Starke,  H.  A.,  d.  at  Memphis,  May  lfj,  18G2.       |      1862. 

COMPANY  P. 
Captain,  Benj.  H.  Atkinson. 
Gazzallo,  Charles,  k.  at  Shiloh.  l  Overton,  E.  A.,  w.near  Monterey,  April  27,  and 

Henderson,  J.  M.,  k.  at  Shiloh.  taken  prisoner,  and  since  d. 

Harper,  J.  J.,  d.  at  Memphis,  April  24,  1S62.       ' 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  M.  D.  Loizan. 

Dawson,  D.  B.,  d.  in  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  Jon.  25.  |  Dickinson,  W.,  d.  at  Camp  Butler,  April  10, 

1862.  1862. 

Dotv,  A.,  k.  at  Fort  Donelson.  ' 


FORREST'S  ESCORT. 

By  George  L.  Cowan,  Nashville,  Ten.v. 

After  the  great  battle  of  Shiloh,  in  1862.  Col.  N.  B.  Forrest,  having  been  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-general  and  placed  in  command  of  all  the  cavalry 
around  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  found  it  necessary  to  have  an  escort  of  well-mounted 
and  disciplined  men  to  enable  him  to  carry  out  with  dispatch  the  movements 
which  in  after  years  made  Forrest's  cavalry  so  famous.  It  was  a  little  out  of  the 
regular  order  to  allow  a  Brigadier-general  an  escort;  but  Gen.  Forrest,  being  al- 
ways separated  from  the  main  army,  was  allowed  to  organize  and  govern  his  co&i- 
mand  as  he  thought  best.  For  this  purpose  he  commissioned  Capt.  Montgomery 
Little  to  raise  a  company,  and  cautioned  him  to  select  none  but  the  best  young  men 
he  could  get.  After  Capt.  Little  received  this  commission  he  returned  to  Bedford 
county,  Tenn.,  his  native  county,  and  also  the  native  county  of  Gen.  Forrest,  then 
occupied  by  the  Federal  army,  and  commenced  recruiting  a  company  under  the  very 
eyes  of  the  L'nited  States  troops.  When  Shelbyville,  the  county-seat,  was  evacu- 
ated in  September,  1862,  Capt.  Little  called  his  little  band  of  recruits  together, 
and  commenced  the  organization  of  a  company  that  was  destined  to  figure  exten- 
sively in  the  great  war.  He  was  elected  their  first  Captain;  Nathan  Boone,  First 
Lieutenant;  Matthew  Cotner,  Second  Lieutenant;  and  Daniel  Dunaway,  Third 
Lieutenant.  The  men  were  mostly  young,  the  ilower  of  Bedford  and  Lincoln 
counties.  Each  man  was  superbly  mounted  and  equipped,  their  fire-arms  being 
mostly  double-barrel  shot-guns.  The  company  numbered  about  ninety  men,  and 
on  the  first  inspection  by  Gen.  Forrest  he  pronounced  it  the  finest  in  the  service. 

The  company  left  Shelbyville  to  join  Gen.  Forrest  at  Murfreesboro,  on  the  5th 
of  October,  18o2,  and  reached  there  just  in  time  to  help  him  regain  La  Vergne 
on  the  7th;  but  the  first  time  they  were  brought  under  lire  was  at  Nashville,  on 
November  Cth,  when  they  sustained  themselves  with  credit,  and  laid  the  founda- 
tion for  the  fame  they  won  in  after  years.  Their  next  engagement  was  at  Lex- 
ington, Tenn.,  Dec.  17,  1862,  where  they  as?istv>d  at  the  capture  of  the  now  famous 
Col.  Robert  G.  Ingersoll;  their  next  was  at  Trenton,  Tenn.,  Dec.  20th,  when  they 
4i> 


770  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee:. 


had  their  fir<t  man  killed — Felix  G.  Motlow. 
ton,  Term.,  Dec.  21st-;  Union  City,  Tenn,,  on  Dee.  22d;  at  the  battle  of  Parker's 
Cross-roads,  or  "Red  Mound/'  Tenn.,  Dec.  30th;  and  near  Clifton,  Term.,  on  Dea 
31st,  1SG2.     They  were  in  quite  a  number  of  light  engagements  around  Franklin, 

Tenn.,  during  January,  1S63,  and  at  Dover  and  Fort  Donelson  on  Feb.  12th  to 
16th,  1S63;  again  in  light  engagements  during  the  remainder  of  February  at 
Franklin,  Tenn.,  at  Thompson's  Station,  Tenn.,  March  5th,  where  Capt.  Montgom- 
ery Little  was  killed;  at  Brentwood,  Tenn.,  March  2oth;  at  Franklin,  Tenn..  Aj  til 
9th.  In  this  engagement  they  made  their  celebrated  charge  on  the  Fourth  United 
States  Regulars.  Next  at  Town  Creek,  Ala.,  April  25th,  where  by  their  courage 
and  daring  they  saved  Morton's  Battery  from  capture.  On  what  was  known  as 
Streight's  raid  they  took  a  very  active  part.  Next,  near  Franklin,  Tenn.  oo 
June  3d  and  20th;  and  in  many  little  engagements  and  hand-to-hand  fights,  for 
which  they  were  noted  during  Bragg1  s  retreat  from  Tennessee.  They  were  in 
several  severe  engagements  in  East  Tennessee  during  July,  1863;  at  Tunnel  Hill, 
Ga.,  Sept.  10th;  and  during  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Ga.  In  this  battle  Gen. 
Forrest  was  making  a  reconnoissance,  accompanied  only  by  his  escort,  when  he 
was  surrounded  by  a  regiment  of  Federal  infantry,  who  were  ambu.-hed  in  a 
thicket,  and  who,  recognizing  him  to  be  Gen.  Forrest,  demanded  his  surrender; 
but  the  escort,  wheeling  into  columns  of  fours,  charged  right  through  the  cen:-r 
of  the  regiment,  and  brought  their  General  safely  back  to  his  command,  with  the 
Joss  of  only  two  men  killed. 

After  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  Forrest's  escort  was  transferred  with  him  to  the 
Army  of  North  Mississippi,  and  was  with  him  when  he  entered  West  Tennes-ee 
to  organize  a  new  command,  and  had  an  engagement  at  Estenaula,  Tenn..  on  Dec. 
23,  1863,  when  Lieut.  N.  Boone,  with  forty  men,  routed  two  Federal  regiments,  and 
captured  their  entire  camps,  with  supper  already  cooked,  in  the  following  man- 
ner: The  night  was  not  very  clear,  but  crisp  and  cold,  and  the  enemy  having  .i 
good  position  on  a  slight  elevation  in  the  woods,  Lieut.  Boone  moved  his  men 
through  a  corn-stalk  held,  after  deploying  them  into  a  thin  skirmish  line,  and 
made  each  man  commander  of  an  imaginary  regiment,  with  orders  to  repeat  ail 
orders  given  by  him.  So  when  they  moved  up  elose  enough  to  dravv  the  enemy'- 
fire,  Lieut.  Boone  gave  orders  for  his  division  to  draw  swords  and  charge,  which 
was  repeated  by  the  entire  command,  after  which  the  men,  raising  their  favorite 
yell,  and  charging  through  the  frozen  stalk-field,  sounded  like  Gen.  F«»rresi  ^i:h 
his  entire  command.  The  enemy  only  tired  one  volley,  after  which  they  made  :i 
precipitate  retreat,  leaving  Lieut.  Boone  in  possession  of  their  entire  camps,  with 
supper  already  cooked. 

Their  next  engagement  was  at  Somerville,  Tenn.,  on  Dec.  26th  ;  at  'Collier- 
~"  ville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  27th;  at  West  Point,  Miss.,  Feb.  20th,  1S64;  at  Fadueah,  Ky., 
March  2oth.  Here  the  company,  with  their  long-range  Speneer  rides,  engaged 
and  drove  off  a  gun-boat.  At  Fort  Pillow,  on  April  12th,  the  escort  captured  a 
battery,  one  of  the  strongest  redoubts  in  the  fort,  and  turned  the  guns  on  the  Fed- 
eral gun-boats.  They  were  also  engaged  at  Bolivar,  Tenn.,  May  21;  at  Tisho- 
mingo Creek,  June  10th;  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  July  14th;  Town  Creek,  July 
loth;  Oxford,  Miss.,  Aug.  — ;  at  Memphis,  Aug.  21st;  and  in  Forrest's  raid  into 
Middle  Tennessee,  when  he  captured  Athens,  Ala.,  and  Sulphur  Troile.  They 
also  fought  at  Pulaski,  Tullahoma,   and   Spring  Hi!!,    Tenn.;    at  Johnsenvi!!- 


Regiment^  Kistokies  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


771 


Term.,  in  Oct.,  1SG4;  on  Hood's  raid  at  Foust's  Springs,  Nov.  22d  ;  Columbia. 
Shelbyville;  at  the  battle  of  Franklin,  at  Blurfreesbo.ro  and  Nashville,  and  all 
along  that  memorable  retreat  of  Hood's;  at  Centreville,  Ala.,  March  31st,  1865; 
at  Ebenezer  Church,  April  1st;  also  in  that  brilliant  defense  of  Selmu,  Ala., 
April  2d,  which  closed  the  career  of  Forrest  and  his  noble  band  of  followers. 

The  company  surrendered  one  hundred  and  seven  privates  and  the  following 
officers:  Capt.,  John  C.  Jackson;  First  Lieut.,  Nathan  Boone;  First  Lieut.,  Mat- 
thew Conner;  Second  Lieut.,  Geo.  L.  Cowan;  Acting  Third  Lieut.,  John  Eaton. 
Non-commissioned  officers:  First  Sergt..  M.  L.  Parks;  Second  Scrgt.  W.  Ed. 
Sims;  Third  Sergt.,  W.  A.  E.  Rutledge;  Fourth  Sergt.,  C.  C.  McLemore;  Fifth 
Sergt.,  Wra.  IT.  Matthews;  First  Corp.,  H.  J.  Crenshaw;  Second  Corp.,  W.  T.  H. 
{Crittcndar)  Wharton;  Third  Corp.,  P.  C.  Richardson;  Fourth  Corp.,  K.  C.  Kee- 
ble:  Bugler,  W,  P.  Watson;  Ensign,  J.  ().  Crump. 


Memorial  Poll  of  Lieut.-gen.  N.  B.  Forrest's  Escort. 

Arnold,  Pieasant,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Miss.,  Ju-  j  Little,  Capt.  Montgomery,  k.  at  Thompson's 
]y  14>  lfihL  I     Station,  Tenn.,  March  4.  1863,  while  in  con- 

Aumuii,  R.  H.,  k.  at  Chkkamauga,  Tenn.,  Sept.  j      msind  of  his  company. 

]0'  L-i;5-  j  Lipscomb,    Wm.    E,   k.   at  Foust's    Spring. 

Boone,  Orderly  Sergeant  Alfred  H.,  k.  at  Som-  !      Tenn.,  Nov.  23, 1864. 

Motlow,  Felix  G.,  k.  at  Trenton,  Tenn.,  Deo. 

20,  186-2.    This  was  the  first  man  killed  in 

the  company. 

Neal,  John,  k.  near  Waterloo,  Ala.,  Nov.  1564. 

Strickland,  "William  31.,  k.  at  Pulaski,  Tenn., 

Dec.  2.\  1864. 
Wood,  William,  k.  at  Foust's  Springs,  Tenn.. 
Nov.  23.  1864. 


erville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  30,  1863. 
Brown,  Thomas,  k.  near  Winchester,  Tenn., 

1864. 
Bivins,  John  R.,  k.  at  Shelby  ville,  Tenn.,  May, 

I860. 
Black,  Marcus,  k.  near  Pulaski,  Tenn.,  Dec.  24. 

1864. 
Cruse,  Orderly  Sergeant  Jacob,  k.  at  Chieka- 

mauaa.  Tenn,  Sept.  19,  1863.  1  Warren,  John,  k.  at  Okolona,  Miss.,  Jan.  21 

Dean,  P.  S,  k.  at  Hillsboro,  1  enn.,  July,  1863.  isoi. 

Green,   W.  T.  K,  k.  near  Lynchburg,  Tenn,  j 

lg64  List  of  Those  who  Died  from  Diseases  Contracted 

Green,  S.  J,  k.  near  Tuscaloosa,  Ala,  April,  !  in  the *"*& 

1SG5.  j  Cochran,  John  Cowan,  d.  at  Jackson,  Tenn, 

Holt,  Lieut.  Joshua,  k.  near  Demopolis,  Ala.,  j      1884. 

April,  I860.  j  Christopher,   Alfred,   d.   in    Bedford    county, 

Rick-,  Felix,  k.  at  Harrisburg,  Mis*,  July  14,  j      Tenn,  1884. 

1864.     He  was  a  Lieutenant  in  the  quarter- 1  Butler,  Thomas,  d.  at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  April. 

master's  department,  and  asked  permission  !      188.'). 

to  fight  with  the  escort  for  that  day,  and  was    Terry,  Robert   M,   d.     in     West    Tennessee, 

killed   in   less   than  fifteen  minutes  after-       1854. 

ward. 

The  list  of  killed,  and  also  the  one  of  those  who  died  of  disease,  is  very  incom- 
plete, as  all  of  the  company's  papers  were  lost;  and  as  it  did  not  make  reports 
through  regiments  or  brigades,  but  only  to  Gen  Forrest  direct,  there  is  no  way 
of  getting  at  the  full  list  of  killed  and  those  who  died  from  disease  contracted 
while  in  service. 


772 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


FROM   GEN.    JOSEI'lI    WHEELER. 

HAMILTON  J.SHAW'S  BATTALION  TENN.   CAVALRY. 

(WHEELER'S  CAVALRY  CORPS.) 

This  battalion  was  organized  in  Jackson  county,  Tennessee,  in  13t;i  Killed  or  died  of  ex- 
posure or  wounds  during  the  war,  about  one  hundred  and  fifty;  wounded  in  battle,  atx>ut  tw<> 
hundred. 

LlEETENANI-COLONF.L. 

Hamilton,  Oliver  P.,  captured  in  1864,  and  k.  while  a  prisoner  at  Lexington,  Ky. 

Major. 
Hamilton,  Oliver  P.,  promoted  to  Lieutenant-colonel  July  1, 1883. 

Adjutant. 

Stone,  Wm.  Plnnket. 


Hamilton,  0.  P.,  promoted  to  Major  in  186-'. 

Shaw,  Joseph,  promoted  to  Major  July  1, 1803. 

Shaw,  L>.  J. 

Coffee,  R.  N. 

Carlen,  W.  B. 

Dodd,  Thomas  L ,  w.  at  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  ir 

1863. 
Harris,  Winton  B. 
Norris,  A.  A.,  w.  at  Fort  Blount,  Tenn.,  in  1S63 

and  transferred  to  Gen.  Morgan's  command 


Captains. 

Hutchison,  William,  k.  by  Tinker  Dave  Beaty 

in  1863. 
Cullom,  Ed,  k. 
Coffee,  Jo.,  resigned. 
Wright,  R.  V. 
Kease,  R.  B. 
Stevens,  Geo.  W. 
Bransford,  Thos.  L. 
Gaii breath,  R.  J.  C,  k.  in  battle  in  iS62. 


Tinsley,  Pembroke  S. 

Stone,  W.  P.,  promoted  to  Adjutant. 

Hicks,  W.  J. 

Floyd,  J.  M. 

Cash,  J.  M. 

Rutland,  L.  P.,  k.  at  the  battle  of  Chiekamauga, 

Sept.  21.  1SG3. 
Dale,  W.A.J. 
Brooks,  A.  W.  W. 


First  Liectsnants. 

Nesmith,  J.  A. 

Armstrong,  W.  T. 

Gore,  William. 

Gillern,  Luke  P.,  deserted  to  the  enemy. 

1  insley,  Tom  F. 

Pace,  Henry  S. 

Callom,  Ed.,  promoted  and  k. 

Stevens,  Geo.  W.,  promoted. 


Second  Lieutenants. 
Morgan,  Geo.  H.,  detached  as  Aid-de-camp  to  I  Harris,  Thomas  K.,  resigned  in  1863. 
Gen.  Geo.  G.  Dibrell,  and  afterward  as  Act- ,  Foster,  Rowland. 
ing  Adjutant  and  Inspector-general  of  D4b-  j  Mayfield,  Adam,  d.  in  1803. 
rell's  brigade.    Wounded  in  a  skirmish  near  I  Armstrong,  A.  Cross.,  k. 


Blackstock  Station,  Feb.  21,  1865. 

Beck,  Chas.  W.,  transferred  to  Morgan's  com- 
mand in  1863. 

Haile,  Amon  G,  k.  by  bush-whacker3  in  1804. 


Hestand,  A.  J.,  d.  Dec.  20,  1863. 
Biss,  James  R. 
Hearde,  J.  W. 
Havter,  L.  D. 


Tinsley,  P.  S.,  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  j  Gillern,  Luke  P.,  promoted,  and  deserted  no 

Sept.  1,  1363.  the  enemy. 

Lacv,  L.  G.,  missing  in  1864;  fate  unknown.      1 


Kegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


FROM    QEN.    JOSEPH    WHEELER. 

COL   LAY'S  REGIMENT  OF  CAVALRY. 

(WHEELER'S  CAVALRY  CORPS.) 
Company  Officers. 

Company  A.  * 

Capt.  R.  G.  Grundy,  promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  i  Second  Lieut.  \V.  H.  Pell,  promoted  to  Second 

24, 1861.  Lieutenant  Oct.  24,  1801. 

First  Lieut.  F.  G.  Boyd,  promoted  to   First    Third  Lieut.  Wm.  T.  Pennelee,  elected  Third 

Lieutenant  Oct.  24,1801.  j      Lieutenant  Nov.  20,  1801. 


Capt.  J.  H.  Husbands,  elected  Captain  May  10, 

1862. 
Second  Lieut.  R.  M.  Harding,  elected  Second 

Lieutenant  Sept.  24,  1861. 

Company  C. 

Capt.  M.  Swan,  elected  Captain  October  8, 
1861. 

First  Lieut.  F.  Wilkinson,  elected  First  Lieu- 
tenant Oct.  8,  1861. 


Company  B. 

Third  Lieut.  A.  McCunn,  elected  Third  Lieu- 
tenant Sept.  24,  1801 


Second  Lieut.  A.  McPherson,  elected  Second 
Lieutenant  Oct.  8,  1861. 

Third  Lieut.  I.  T.  KeMey,  elected  Third  Lieu- 
tenant April  11, 1802/ 


Company  D. 
Capt.  W.  J.  Nanny,  elected  Captain  May  18,  i  Third  Lieut.  J.  H.  "West,  elected  Third  Lieu- 
1802.  tenant  Dec.  10,  1801. 


Company  E. 


Capt.  C.  H.  Conner,  elected  Captain  Nov.  11, 
1861. 

First  Lieut.  Wm.  Boydston,  elected  First  Lieu- 
tenant Nov.  11,  1861. 


Second  Lieut.  James  M.  Young,  elected  Second 
Lieutenant  Nov.  11,  1SG1. 

Third  Lieut.  L.  B.  Carson,  elected  Third  Lieu- 
tenant Nov.  11,1801. 


Company  F. 

Capt.  3VL  V.  Gray,  appointed  Captain  Jan.  9,  i  Second  Lieut.  L.  S.  Rogers,  elected  Second 
1862.  Lieutenant  Jan.  9,  18C2. 

First  Lieut.  V,'.  G.Johnson,  elected  First  Lieu-  j  Third  Lieut.  R.  Allen,  elected  Third  Lieuten- 
tenant  Jan.  9,  1802.  I     ant  Jan.  9,  1862. 

Company  G. 

Capt.  C.  S.  Robertson,  elected  Captain  Sept.  0,  I  Second  Lieut.  J.  W.  Irwin,  elected  Second  Li<ni- 
1861.  !      tenant  Sept.  0,  1861. 

First  Lieut.  A.  W.  Hardin,  elected  First  Lieu-  j  Third  Lieut.  J.  M.  Forrest,  elected  Third  Lieu- 
tenant Sept.  9, 1801.  j      tenant  Sept.  9,  1801. 

Company  H. 
Capt.  John  E.  Newsom,  elected  Captain  May  I  Second  Lieu.  J.  C.  Nelson,  elected  Second  Lieu- 


12,  1SG2. 
First  Lieut.  E.  D.  Kelly,  elected  First  Lieu 
tenant  May  12, 1802. 

COMPANt    I. 

First  Lieut.  A.  C.  Bettus,  promoted   to  First 

Lieutenant  April  27,  1SG2. 
Second  Lieut.  L.  N.  E*te~,  promoted  to  Second 

Lieutenant  April  27.  1862. 


tenant  May  12,  1S62. 
Third  Lieut.  H.  H.  Oates,  elected  Third  Lieu- 
tenant May  12,  1802. 


Third  Lieut.  J.  E.  Douglass,  promoted  i  >  Third 
Lieutenant  April  27,  1862. 


774  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

TWELFTH   KENTUCKY  CAVALRY. 

(FAULKNER'S.) 
By  Z.  N.  Wright,  Sekgeant  ok  Co.  D. 

The  Twelfth  Kentucky  Regiment  was  composed  of  both  Kentnckians  and  Ten- 
rtesseans,  though  it  was  recognized  as  u  Kentucky  regiment.  Possibly  Kentnckians 
were  in  the  majority  when  the  original  organization  took  place;  however,  the  ma- 
jority was  small.  In  mentioning  this  fact  the  writer  does  it  only  as  a  matter  of 
history,  and  not  to  detract  in  any  respect  from  our  sister  State  or  from  any  mem- 
ber of  the  regiment  from  Kentucky;  for  we  Tennessee  members  of  the  Twelfth 
claim  no  superiority  over  our  brave  comrades  from  Kentucky  who  shared  with  us. 
the  hardships  of  a  Confederate  soldier's  life,  and  stood  side  by  side  with  us  con- 
fronting the  enemy  on  numerous  battle-fields,  facing  the  shot  and  shell  with  us, 
and  fought  as  bravely  as  the  soldiers  from  any  State,  South  or  North.  The  regi- 
ment was  made  up  under  numerous  difficulties,  the  companies  forming  it  being 
raised  inside  of  the  Federal  lines  at  a  time  when  Southern  Kentucky  and  Wesc 
Tennessee  were  occupied  by  the  enemy  in  strong  force;  Gen.  Grant's  head-quarters 
being  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  only  a  short  while  prior  to  the  time  the  company  that 
the  writer  belonged  to  first  began  to  form,  and  at  the  time  the  writer  enlisted. 
There  were  ether  companies  also  that  were  forming  about  this  time.  Jackson  was 
evacuated  during  the  month  of  May,  IS63,  but  the  country  was  frequently  raided 
by  large  bodies  of  the  enemy  from  different  points.  Company  D  lost  two  men — 
F.  M.  Biggs  and  Peter  Mason — captured  by  Gen.  Hatch,  near  Huntingdon,  Tenn., 
Aug.  1,  1363,  before  the  company  was  completed.  In  the  meantime  we  captured 
one  of  his  men  and  two  horses  and  equipments,  and  the  arms  of  two  men,  one  of 
the  men  escaping  through  a  thicket.  This  was  done  almost  in  sight  of  several 
thousand  Federals;  therefore  our  escape  was  only  made  by  traversing  the  woods 
for  miles  at  a  rapid  speed,  and  finally  pitching  camps  in  a  dense  growth  of  tim- 
ber in  the  vicinity  of  Young's  Mill,  in  Madison  county,  south  of  Jackson,  where 
the  Federals  marched  within  a  short  distance  of  our  camp  in  strong  force. 

The  war  had  been  raging  for  two  years  when  the  regiment  was  organized. 
Many  of  the  young  men  composing  the  regiment  were  under  age  to  enlist  when 
the  war  began;  others  were  still  young  indeed  to  endure  the  hardships  of  a  Con- 
federate soldier's  life;  and  many  were  middle-aged  men,  who  had  left  their  fam- 
ilies behind  while  they  went  to  battle  in  defense  of  the  South. 

Owing  to  the  peculiar  and  hazardous  situation  in  this  section  of  the  country  at 
that  time,  it  took  from  the  early  part  of  spring  to  about  the  20th  of  September, 
*  1803,  to  complete  the  organization  of  the  regiment. 

The  companies  were  not  all  organized  for  connection  with  Faulkner's  reg- 
iment, though  all  were  raised  under  similar  circumstances;  and  although  the  reg- 
iment was  composed  of  men  from  two  different  States,  they  were  closely  allied — 
the  Kentnckians  being  principally  from  counties  adjoining  Tennessee  on  their 
south,  while  the  Tennesseans  were  principally  from  counties  adjoining  Ken- 
tucky on  their  north  and  adjacent  thereto. 

We  elected  field  officers  at  the  old  residence  of  "Win.  AYitherspoon,  in  the  west- 
ern part  of  Madison  county,  Tenn.,  now  owned  by  Mrs.  Spivey.  The  following 
officers  were  elected- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        775 


Kentuckians — W.  W.  Faulkner,  Colonel;  Wm.  I).  Lannum,  Lieutenant-colonel; 
John  Malorie,  Major.  The  following  were  appointed:  Dr.  W.  A.  Thompson,  Sur- 
geon; John  0.  Morris,  Adjutant;  Capt.  Boyle,  Forage  Master. 

Tennesseans — Robert  Meriwether,  Quartermaster;  Capt.  Taliaferro,  Commis- 
sary; Rev.  Mr.  Ilolterrield,  Chaplain. 

The  following  are  the  companies  composing  the  regiment:  Co.  A:  Ilenrv  A. 
Tyler,  Captain.  Co.  B:  W.  W.  Williams,  Captain.  Co.  C:  George  W.  Clunton, 
Captain.  Co.  D:  G.  \V.  Parkinson,  Captain.  Co.  E:  J.  Z.  Lynn,  Captain.  Co. 
F:  John  M.  Carroll,  Captain.  Co.  G:  James  F.  Melton,  Captain.  Co.  II:  J.  J. 
Kellehar,  Captain.  Co.  I:  N.  F.  Davis,  Captain.  Co.  K:  W.  D.  Meriwether, 
Captain. 

Companies  A,  G,  IT,  and  I  were  composed  principally  of  Kentuckians;  compa- 
nies A  and  G,  however,  had  several  Tennessee  memhers.  Companies  B,  O.  and 
E  were  composed  of  both  Kentuckians  and  Tennesseans ;  the  latter  being  in  the 
majority  in  companies  B  and  C,  while  Kentuckians  predominated  in  Company  E. 
Companies  D,  F,  and  K  were  composed  almost  entirely  of  Tennesseans.  Com- 
pany B  was  raised  in  Obion,  Weakley,  and  Madison  counties.  The  Kentucky 
members  were  from  counties  on  the  Tennessee  and  Kentucky  line.  Company  C 
was  raised  around  Feliciana,  Ky.,  and  Madison,  'Weakley,  and  Obion  counties, 
Tenn.  Company  D  was  raised  in  Carroll  county,  Tenn. — only  a  few  from  else- 
where. Company  F  was  raised  in  Gibson,  Weakley,  and  Henry  counties;  Com- 
pany E,  in  the  vicinity  of  Murray,  Calloway  county,  Ky.,  and  in  Henry  county, 
Tenn.;  Company  G  in  Calloway  county,  Ky..  principally.  This  company  had 
about  twenty  Tennessee  members,  from  Henry,  Benton,  and  Carroll  counties. 
Company  K  was  raised  mostly  in  Obion  county,  a  portion  of  which  is  now  in  Lake 
county,  with  a  few  members  from  Gibson,  Weakley,  and  Carroll.  There  were 
also  a  few  Kentuckians  and  Missourians  in  this  company.  Companies  II  and  I 
were  raised  in  Calloway  and  adjoining  counties  in  Kentucky. 

The  regiment  having  organized,  notwithstanding  the  numerous  difficulties  that 
had  confronted  the  companies  composing  it  prior  to  the  organization,  now  found 
another  serious  difficulty — cut  off  from  ail  communication  with  any  department 
of  the  Confederate  army,  only  partially  armed,  and  having  but  very  little  ammu- 
nition. However,  a  detachment  of  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  from  the 
regiment,  in  charge  of  Maj.  Malone,  proceeded  to  march  into  Middle  Tennessee, 
to  procure  the  arms  needed  for  the  command.  We  reached  Swallow  Bluff!  on  the 
Tennessee  River,  in  Decatur  county,  Tenn.,  early  in  the  morning,  Sept.  30th,  and 
had  succeeded  in  crossing  all  of  our  horses  and  some  sixty  or  seventy  men. 
About  fifty  men  were  still  on  the  west  bank  of  the  river,  and  some  thirty  were' 
then  in  skiffs  making  for  the  opposite  side,  when  the  Seventh  Illinois  Mounted 
Infantry  and  the  Seventh  Kansas  (Jayhawkers)  Federal  Cavalry  suddenly  ap- 
peared on  the  west  bank  of  the  river,  when  a  lively  skirmish  ensued  for  a  short 
while,  which  resulted  in  the  killing  of  forty  or  fifty  of  our  horses  on  the  opposite 
bank  of  the  river — they  being  exposed  to  the  firing — and  the  capture  of  nineteen 
of  our  men,  including  Maj.  Malone.  The  enemy  lost  one  man,  a  member  of  the 
Seventh  Kansas,  killed  by  our  pickets,  and  five  wounded. 

The  battle  of  Chickamauga  having  taken  place  on  the  20th  of  September,  the 
situation  in  Middle  Tennessee  had  become  quite  different  from  what  was  expected, 
thereby  making  our  effort  to  procure  arms  from  that  source  a  complete  failure. 


776  Military  Annals  or  Tennessee. 


Thereupon  the  detachment  reerossed  the  river  into  West  Tennessee  in  a  few  duvs, 
•and  joined  Col.  Faulkner  with  the  main  body  of  the  regiment,  who  in  the  mean- 
time, in  conjunction  with  Col.  A.  N.  "Wilson's  regiment,  had  routed  a  body  of 
Federal  cavalry  under  Col.  Harrison,  near  Conio,  Tenn.,  capturing  sixty-three  of 
his  men,  about  one  hundred  horses,  with  equipments  and  arms  in  proportion. 
Rejoining  our  command  at  McLemoresville,  Tenn.,  the  regiment  made  a  Hying 
trip  into  Kentucky,  as  far  as  May  field,  where  the  telegraph  wires  were  cut,  a  rail- 
road bridge  destroyed,  and  a  train  of  cars  captured  and  burned.  A  few  Federal 
soldiers  were  on  the  train,  but  they  tied  to  the  woods  and  escaped.  By  this  time, 
which  was  in  the  month  of  October  or  early  in  November,  the  Federals  were  not 
so  numerous  in  West  Tennessee  as  heretofore.  They  having  evacuated  this  sec- 
tion of  the  State,  the  regiment  camped  therein  at  different  points  until,  Gen.  For- 
rest having  entered  it  in  December,  1863,  Col.  Faulkner  reported  to  him  at  Jack- 
son, Tenn.,  on  rhe  2od  of  that  month,  wiiere  Forrest  was  gathering  his  command 
to  march  into  Mississippi.  Meanwhile  the  enemy  were  moving  from  Memphis, 
Padueah,  and  Corinth,  to  hem  in  and  cut  off  Gen.  Forrest.  On  the  night  of  the 
23d  a  detachment  was  sent  out  from  our  regiment,  in  conjunction  with  Col.  Jeff. 
Forrest's  regiment  and  McDonald's  battalion.  The  entire  detachment,  under 
command  of  Col.  D.  M.  Wisdom,  marched  in  quick  time  to  Jack's  Creek,  in  Hen- 
derson county.  About  day-break  on  the  morning  of  the  24th  our  advance  charged 
the  pickets  of  the  enemy  and  drove  them  in,  whereupon  a  lively  combat  ensued 
for  several  hours.  The  situation  having  become  hazardous,  the  command  was 
forced  to  withdraw.  During  this  combat  Adjt.  J.  O.  Morris  and  Capt.  H.  A.  Ty- 
ler, with  a  detachment  from  Faulkner's  regiment,  led  a  charge  upon  the  enemy's 
line,  which  brought  them  face  to  face  in  a  hand-to-hand  encounter,  many  of  our 
men  charging  through  their  line,  and  being  charged  in  turn.  This  resulted  in 
wounding  several  of  our  force,  among  whom  was  the  brave  Adjt.  Morris,  fatally. 

The  main  body  of  the  regiment  had  marched  from  Jackson  with  Gen.  Forrest, 
by  the  way  of  Somerville.  In  the  meantime  the  detachment  joined  the  com- 
mand at  Estenaula.  At  Somerville  a  skirmish  took  place,  without  serious 
result  to  our  forces.  A  detachment  of  about  one  hundred  men,  under  Capt. 
Kellehar,  was  sent  out  from  Somerville  in  quick  time,  marching  about  twenty 
miles  to  a  point  below  Raleigh,  where  the  Federals  were  posted  to  prevent  our 
force  from  crossing,  which  point  was  reached  in  the  night.  Firing  was  kept  up 
from  the  opposite  banks  until  day,  when  a  lively  skirmish  took  place,  resulting  in 
the  wounding  of  two  or  three  of  our  regiment,  among  whom  was  Tom  McDonald, 
of  Company  D;  after  which  we  withdrew  and  moved  on  to  Raleigh,  where  we 
crossed  Wolf  River,  and  proceeded  with  Col.  Faulkner  (Mai.  Strange  being  in 
special  charge),  marching  within  a  few  miles  of  Memphis,  through  Hernando,  and 
reached  Como,  Miss.,  Jan.  1st,  1SG4.  The  weather  was  miserable  indeed,  snow 
and  sleet  falling  rapidly;  our  horses  were  jaded  and  the  men  very  much  fatigued 
from  the  hazardous  forced  march  for  the  past  seven  days.  Here  the  regiment 
camped  for  about  a  month.  Meanwhile  Gen.  Forrest  organized  his  command. 
Faulkner's  regiment  was  assigned  to  McCulloch's  brigade,  but  only  remained  with 
it  until  Gen.  Ruford  augmented  Forrest's  force  with  the  Third,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Kentucky  regiments,  which  had  served  in  the  infantry,  and  of  which  ful- 
ly two-thirds  were  yet  dismounted.  The  regiment  participated  in  several  lively 
skirmishes,  also  the  Okolona  combat,  Feb.  21st  and  22d,  1804,  in  which  we  lost 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.         777 

several  men  killed  and  wounded,  among  them  Capt.  Williams,  of  Co.  B,  killed; 
and  Capt.  W.  D.  Meriwether,  of  Company  K,  was  severely  wounded,  from  which 
he  was  so  disabled  that  he  never  returned  to  his  company. 

Early  in  the  month  of  March,  in  the  vicinity  of  Tibbee  Station,  the  regiment 
was  assigned  to  the  Kentucky  brigade,  which  was  under  the  command  of  Col.  A. 
P.  Thompson,  of  the  Third  Kentucky,  from  this  time  forward.  Tins  brigade 
consisted  of  the  above-named  regiments  and  Faulkner's  Twelfth  Kentucky,  and 
was  known  as  the  Kentucky  Brigade. 

Gen.  Forrest  left  Columbus,  Miss.,  with  the  command,  March  loth,  on  his  raid 
into  West  Tennessee  and  Kentucky.  Faulkner's  regiment  was  thrown  out  on 
the  left  flank.  Crossing  the  line  at  Pocahontas,  we  proceeded  via  Bolivar,  Den- 
mark, and  Wellwood,  reaching  Trenton  on  the  22d.  From  thence  marched  on 
the  23d,  in  conjunction  with  McDonald's  battalion  and  the  Seventh  Tennessee 
Regiment  (about  five  hundred  men),  under  command  of  Col.  Duckworth,  arriving 
at  Union  City  early  on  the  morning  of  the  24th,  where  the  Federals  were  found 
strongly  intrenched  in  their  fortifications.  For  several  hours  sharp-shooting  was 
kept  up  quite  lively,  while  Faulkner's  regiment  made  a  charge  ro  within  twenty 
or  thirty  yards  of  their  works,  in  which  W.  D.  Lannum,  our  Lieutenant-colonel, 
and  R.  II.  Hammerly,  Orderly  Sergeant  of  Company  D,  were  severely  wounded. 
Our  force  had  no  artillery,  and  the  Federals  were  about  as  strong  in  number  as 
ourselves,  consisting  of  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Federal  Cavalry,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Col.  Isaac  R.  Hawkins,  from  Huntingdon,  Tenn.  His  regiment  was 
made  up  in  Carroll,  Henderson,  Benton,  and  Decatur  counties;  hence,  with  the 
exception  of  the  Kentuckians  in  Faulkner's  regiment,  all  engaged  on  both  sides 
were  Tennesseans.  Col.  Hawkins— who  had  fallen  into  the  hands  of  Gen.  Forrest 
at  Trenton,  in  Dec,  1S02 — in  response  to  a  flag  of  truce  from  Col.  Duckworth,  did 
not  positively  refuse  a  surrender  on  demand,  but  pleaded  delay,  no  doubt  with  the 
expectation  of  being  reenibrced  in  the  meantime.  However,  Col.  Duckworth, 
having  practiced  a  ruse  leading  him  to  believe  that  Gen.  Forrest  was  present  with 
his  command,  succeeded  in  capturing  the  entire  Federal  force  of  about  four  hun- 
dred and  seventy-five  men,  with  their  arms,  ammunition,  horses,  and  all  their 
equipments,  including  the  camp  and  garrison  equipage. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  one  of  the  principal  objects  of  this  raid  was  to 
mount  the  dismounted  Kentuckians  and  to  recruit  the  commands  in  Kentucky 
and  West  Tennessee.  Notwithstanding  the  success  in  capturing  about  seven  hun- 
dred horses  at  Union  City  and  Paducah,  Gen.  Buford  was  not  content,  he  having 
learned  that  he  had  failed  to  get  about  one  hundred  and  forty  horses  in  the  first 
attack  upon  Paducah;  hence  he  proceeded  to  that  place  with  our  brigade  |  which  was 
at  that  time  commanded  by  Col.  Ed.  Crossland,  of  the  Seventh  Kentucky,  Col. 
Thompson  having  been  killed  in  a  charge  upon  the  works  in  the  first  attack  upon 
Paducah,  on  the  26th  of  March),  and  suddenly  attacked  it  on  the  14th  of  April. 
It  was  strongly  garrisoned,  the  Federal  strength  being  estimated  at  fully  four 
times  ours,  and  in  excellent  j*>sitions  in  the  fort  and  behind  the  river-bank, 
with  numerous  gun-boats  backed  out  in  the  river  to  protect  them:  while  our  force 
was  only  about  eight  hundred,  placed  at  considerable  disadvantage.  The  horses, 
however,  some  one  hundred  and  forty,  of  excellent  stock,  were  soon  captured, 
with  only  a  slight  loss  to  the  regiment  in  killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners.  The 
command  Uien  withdrew  with  the  captured  horses  and  stores.     Meantime  Gen. 


778  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

Buford  sent  in  a  flat?  of  truce,  threatening  a  serious  attack  if  they  declined  to  sur- 
render, but  proposing  to  give  the  enemy  time  to  remove  the  women  anil  children 
across  the  river.  Faulkner's  regiment  was  left  to  cover  the  retreat  and  continue 
the  deception  as  to  the  Confederate  strength,  and  thereby  enable  the  entire  bri- 
gade to  escape  with  the  captured  horses,  quartermaster  stores,  etc.  After  frequent 
skirmishes,  the  regiment  withdrew  in  good  order,  bringing  up  the  rear.  The  main 
command  succeeded  in  taking  all  the  captured  horses  and  stores  with  them,  there- 
by making  a  success  of  the  adventure,  and  providing  horses  and  equipments  suffi- 
cient to  mount  and  equip  not  only  the  Kentucky  regiments,  but  also  many  new 
recruits  both  from  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  that  were  added  to  the  command;  of 
these  our  regiment  received  a  share,  of  which  we  were  very  much  in  need.  The 
regiment  at  its  organization  was  more  than  an  average  in  numbers,  but  from  va- 

I  rious  causes  had  diminished  until  it  did  not  number  more  than  two  hundred  and 

fifty  when  we  started  on  this  raid,  but  had  increased  to  about  four  hundred  at  its 

1  close. 

The  entire  command  having  concentrated  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  where  Gen.  For- 
rest now  made  his  head-quarters,  and  the  officers  and  men  generally  feeline  jubi- 
lant over  their  success  for  the  past  six  weeks,  all  was  in  readiness  to  march  into 
Mississippi.  Thereupon,  on  the  2d  of  May  the  regiment  marched  with  the  bri- 
gade, and  reached  Tupelo  on  the  6th,  where  we  camped  for  about  three  weeks. 
Meanwhile,  in  the  latter  part  of  April  a  general  reorganization  took  place  in 
most  of  the  companies.  Co.  D  underwent  a  radical  change,  it  having  decreased 
.  from  about  seventy-live  members  to  thirty-three  present.  However,  of  the  seven- 
ty-five there  were  fourteen  in  prison,  three  left  severely  wounded,  and  six  absent 
on  surgeon's  certificate.  Nine  Tennesseans  and  twentv-five  Kentuckians  joined 
the  company  on  this  raid.  The  regiment  now  had  only  one  field  officer.  This 
was  Col.  Faulkner,  Col.  Lannum  being  left  wounded  and  Maj.  Malone  still  in 
prison.  Thereupon  Maj.  Tate,  of  Memphis,  was  assigned  to  our  regiment  by  ap- 
pointment as  Major  pro  toa.  Capt.  Ed.  Manning,  of  Kentucky,  was  appointed 
Adjutant  after  Adjt.  Morris  was  killed.  E.  R.  Dent,  of  Obion  county,  was  elect* 
,  ed  Captain  of  Co.  B.  Pie  being  in  prison,  First  Lieut.  Ed,  Nailing  became  its 
commander.  Jas.  J.  Wilson,  of  Kentucky,  became  Captain  of  Co.  D;  Rufus 
•Thomas,  of  Carroll  county,  First  Lieutenant:  H.  C.  Lawhon,  of  Kentucky  (now 
at  McKenzie,  Tenn.),  and  J.J.  Birdsong,  of  Madison  county,  Second  Lieutenants. 
Robt.  P.  Cole,  of  Paris,  became  Captain  of  Co.  F.  In  all  the  other  companies 
the  old  Captains  were  retained,  though  various  changes  took  place  in  the  other 
offices.      Lieut.  L.  Donaldson  commanded  Co.  K,  Capt.  Meriwether  still  being 

unable  to  return  on  account  of  his  wound. 
i 

The  battle  at  Tishomingo  Creek,  which  was  fought  June  10  and  11,  was  the 
next  engagement  the  regiment  participated  in.  Col.  Faulkner  being  absent  sick, 
Maj.  Tate  became  our  commander,  and  gallantly  led  the  regiment  through  the 
entire  battle  of  June  10.  The  men  nobly  followed  him  in  the  charge  made  upon 
the  enemy  across  an  old  field,  approaching  the  s£irt  of  woods  where  the  enemy 
were  formed,  and  routing  them  after  a  combat  in  close  quarters  around  some  negro- 
cabins  in  front  of  Brice's  house.  The  regiment  sustained  a  heavy  lo<s  in  killed 
and  wounded.  Here  Lieut.  Ed.  Nailing,  of  Kentucky,  who  was  in  command  of 
Co.  B.  was  killed.  Gaither  Tyson,  Secpn  1  Lieutenant  of  the  same  company,  and 
his  brother  George  Tyson,  both  of  whom  were  from  Madison  county,  were  severeh- 


Kegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


1 1 


wounded.  Geo.  "VVhitworth,  of  Kentucky  (Co.  P),  was  killed,  and  many  others 
from  other  companies  whom  I  am  unable  to  mention. 

The  regiment  suffered  severely  the  first  day,  but  sustained  heavier  loss  on  the 
11th  about  four  miles  north  of  Ripley,  where  Maj.  Tate  led  it  in  a  charge  on 
horseback,  encountering  a  regiment  of. .Missouri  cavalry  formed  in  ambush  in 
the  woods  on  the  side  of  a  hill  to  cover  the  retreat  of  their  infantry.  Cheering, 
the  regiment  made  a  desperate  charge.  "When  within  a  short  distance,  the  enemy 
opened  upon  us  a  most  destructive  tire,  killing  and  wounding  a  large  number. 
Among  the  killed  were  Capt.  J.  J.  Wilson  and  Robt.  Hamilton,  of  Kentucky; 
Dr.  Clapp  and  J.  W.  Cole  (brother  of  Capt.  R.  P.  Cole),  of  Paris,  Tenn.— all  of 
Co.  D,  other  companies  suffering  in  proportion.  This  was  done  at  one  volley,  but 
the  regiment  passed  on,  driving  the  enemy  back  into  the  infantry  and  producing 
a  complete  demoralization.  They  did  not  make  another  bold  stand,  but  were 
scattered  throughout  the  woods  in  all  directions  attempting  to  escape.  In  the 
meantime  they  were  pursued  by  the  command  for  miles,  and  captured  in  consid- 
erable numbers. 

Gen.  Forrest's  ''Campaigns"  reports  about  two  thousand,  including  the  wound- 
ed, captured  in  the  two  days'  fight,  and  one  thousand  nine  hundred  killed  out  of 
a  force  of  from  eight  to  nine  thousand.  Twenty-three  pieces  of  artillery,  and 
their  entire  wagon-train,  loaded  with  commissary  stores  and  ammunition,  were 
also  captured.  Our  loss  is  reported  in  the  same  book  at  one  hundred  and  forty 
killed  and  five  hundred  wounded  out  of  a  force  of  about  three  thousand  two  hun- 
dred, one-fourth  of  whom  were  horse-holders,  during  the  first  day's  fight 

The  regiment  marched  to  Tupelo,  via  Gnntown,  where  we  camped  until  July 
9,  marching  to  Pontotoc  on  the  10th,  the  Federals  in  strong  force  being  within  a 
few  miles  of  that  place.  Here  a  detachment  of  one  hundred  men  from  Faulk- 
ner's regiment,  in  command  of  Capt.  Henry  Tyler,  was  thrown  out  to  <rain  the 
Federal  rear,  in  order  to  cut  off  their  communications.  After  traversing  rhe 
woods  for  several  miles,  we  dropped  in  the  extreme  rear  of  the  enemy  about  rive 
miles  north  of  Pontotoc.  So  the  enemy  had  one  hundred  Confederates  in  their 
rear,  cutting  them  off  from  communication  from  that  point;  and  we  had  about 
sixteen  thousand  Federals  between  us  and  the  main  Confederate  army,  thus  cut- 
ting us  off  from  communication  with  our  army.  We  bivouacked  in  sight  of  a 
large  command  of  the  enemy  on  the  night  of  the  11th,  and  could  see  their 
camp-fires.  As  they  marched  out  of  their  camp  on  the  morning  of  the  12th  Capt. 
Tyler  suddenly  attacked  their  rear-guard.  Here  a  lively  skirmish  ensued,  and 
from  this  time  until  the  close  of  the  battle  of  Harrisburg  we  were  in  our  saddles, 
nearly  the  whole  time  moving  at  rapid  speed  in  close  proximity  to  the  extreme 
rear  of  the  enemy,  and  engaging  in  frequent  skirmishes.  After  sustaining  a  loss 
of  two  men  killed — Robert  Spillraan,  Second  Sergeant  of  Co.  A,  and  Frank 
Rash  (the  writer  is  not  sure  which  company  he  belonged  to) — and  two  wounded 
— A.  P.  Hall  and  a  young  man  by  name  of  Russell,  of  Co.  A — the  detachment 
rejoined  the  regiment  after  the  battle. 

Meanwhile  the  main  body  of  the  regiment  marched  with  the  brigade,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  general  engagement,  taking  part  in  the  first  skirmishing  that  oc- 
curred on  the  morning  of  the  11th  about  two  miles  south  of  Pontotoc,  at  Pinson's 
Hill,  and  about  two  miles  south  on  the  12th.  The  main  battle  commenced  on 
the  13th,  in  which  our  Color-bearer,  Geo.  Dunn,  of  Co.  G,  a  daring  Kentuckian, 


780 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


was  killed  with  the  colors  in  his  hands  flying  in  the  air.     About  8  o'clock  on  the 

morning  of  the  14th  Grassland's  brigade,  with  loud  and  hearty  cheers,  drove  the 
Federal  skirmishers  across  an  open  field,  directly  upon  the  strongest  point  in 
the  enemy's  position.  The  estimated  strength  of  the  enemy,  the  larger  portion 
of  whom  were  behind  their  temporary  fortifications,  was  from  thirteen  to  sixteen 
thousand,  with  twenty-four  pieces  of  artillery.  .They  withheld  their  fire  until 
the  brigade  was  half  across  the  field,  when  they  opened  a  furious  fusiiade  and  in- 
cessant discharges  of  canister  from  many  guns.  Being  uncovered  on  the  right, 
the  brigade  was  exposed  to  an  oblique  fire,  under  which  it  was  forced  to  give  way. 
Col.  Faulkner's  horse  was  shot  under  him,  and  he  was  severely  wounded  twice, 
being  within  sixty  paces  of  the  Federal  intrenchments.  The  attack  proving  a 
failure,  the  command  withdrew  from  the  field.  The  enemy,  being  satisfied  to  foil 
the  attack,  adventured  no  offensive  movement.  Thus  the  battle  ended.  Only 
occasional  skirmishing  took  place.  The  enemy  withdrew,  moving  back  to  Mem- 
phis. The  loss  of  the  regiment  in  killed  and  wounded  was  very  heavy,  and  we 
were  now  left  without  an  original  field  officer. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  the  weather  was  very  warm  during  the  battle  of 
Harrisburg,  many  of  our  men  actually  dying  from  sun-stroke;  others,  utterly  ig- 
noring orders  from  their  officers,  in  consequence  of  thirst,  scattered  in  different 
directions  in  search  of  water,  while  the  wounded  lay  upon  the  field  moaning  and 
pleading  with  their  comrades  for  water.  The  detachment  under  Capt.  Tyler  was 
also  terribly  fatigued  upon  its  return,  having  slept  little  for  five  nights  and  mov- 
ing in  quick  time  the  last  five  days.  Their  horses  were  much  jaded,  the  writers 
horse  having  fallen  completely  exhausted  in  a  skirmish  near  Verona  on  the 
morning  of  the  loth. 

The  regiment  was  now  left  in  command  of  Maj.  Tate  again.  However.  C?.pz. 
Clanton,  of  Co.  C,  took  command  before  it  marched  on  the  Middle  Tennessee  raid. 
which  was  the  next  move  of  consequence.  In  it  the  regiment  was  an  active  par- 
ticipant. In  the  meantime  it  had  been  engaged  in  several  lively  skirmishes 
around  Oxford  when  Gen.  Forrest  entered  Memphis. 

Having  camped  at  Verona  for  a  short  time,  thereby  enabling  both  men  and 
horses  to  rest  to  some  extent,  the  regiment  marched  with  the  brigade  from  Ver ona 
on  Sept.  10,  1864;  forded  the  Tennessee  River  at  Rocky  Ford,  or  Smith's  Ferry, 
on  the  21st;  participated  in  the  engagements  at  Athens,  Ala.,  on  the  24th  and 
Sulphur  Trestle  on  the  25th,  resulting  in  the  capture  of  both  forts,  with  strong 
garrisons  and  their  equipments,  quartermaster  and  commissary  stores:  also  in  the 
capture  of  several  block-houses,  with  their  garrisons,  etc.,  along  our  march:  a 
large  Government  saw-mill  near  Spring  Hill;  the  engagement  about  seven  mile^ 
south-west  of  Pulaski;  and  the  attack  on  the  main  force  around  the  fortifications 
at  Pulaski  on  the  20th,  and  in  numerous  skirmishes,  including  Columbia,  on  the 
2d  of  October.  Meanwhile  Capt.  Clanton  was  sent  back  in  an  ambulance  sick, 
and  this  left  Capt.  Kellehar  in  command  of  the  regiment.  A  detachment  of 
about  one  hundred  men  was  placed  under  his  command  at  Columbia,  to  act  in 
conjunction  with  a  detachment  from  the  Seventh  Tennessee,  in  command  of  Capt. 
H.  C.  McCutchen,  as  rear-guard  to  cover  the  rear  as  the  main  command  at  Co- 
lumbia withdrew.  The  enemy  pursued,  pushing  the  entire  command  closely  a; 
Florence  and  Colbert's  Ferry,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  where  it  erossed  the  river. 
Heavy  skirmishing  ensued   for   six  days  at   intervals.      When   the  detachment 


I  Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.       781 

reached  the  ferry  the  enemy  was  pressing  so  closely,  and  the  command  having 
about  crossed,  the  situation  was  hazardous;  hence  Capt.  Kellehar  was  ordered  to 
do  the  best  he  could  to  escape  capture.  Thereupon  the  battalion,  in  quick  time, 
moved  down  the  river,  finally  succeeding  in  crossing  it  on  the  9th,  at  Cotton's 
Ferry,  I  think.  We  crossed  into  "West  Tennessee,  and,  finding  we  were  cut  off 
from  communications  and  the  enemy  had  crossed  the  river  in  strong  force,  Capt. 
Kellehar  inarched  to  Parker's  Cross-roads,  in  Henderson  county,  and  disbanded 
the  detachment.     I  think  this  was  on  the  11th  of  October. 

Meanwhile  the  other  part  of  the  regiment  marched  with  the  brigade,  and  crossed 
with  the  main  command  at  Florence  or  Colbert's  Ferry.  The  regiment  was  now 
reduced  to  such  an  extent  that  it  was  really  discouraging,  especially  when  we  con- 
sider that  our  Colonel  and  Lieutenant-colonel  were  both  absent  with  severe  wounds; 
the  Major  in  prison;  at  least  three  hundred  killed,  wounded,  and  captured;  prob- 
ably as 'many  as  fifty  old  infantry  soldiers  who  belonged  to  the  different  compa- 
nies sent  back  to  their  commands;  some  absent  with  Surgeon's  certificates;  others 
absent  without  leave;  and  Kellehar's  detachment  cut  off,  narrowly  escaping  capt- 
ure. The  most  of  them  afterward  rejoined  their  companies  when  Gen.  Forrest 
came  into  West  Tennessee  in  the  latter  part  of  October. 

The  regiment,  in  command  of  Capt.  Clanton,  participated  in  the  capture  of  the 
gun-boat  "  Undine"  and  three  transports — "  Mazeppa,"  "Venus,''  and  "J.  W. 
Cheeseman" — October  30th,  near  Fort  Ileiman,  on  Tennessee  River;  and  in  the 
engagement  at  Johnsonville  on  the  4th  of  November,  which  resulted  in  destroy- 
ing three  gun-boats,  eleven  transports,  a  number  of  barges,  commissary  and  quar- 
termaster stores,  ammunition,  etc.,  estimated  to  be  worth  millions  of  dollars, 
which  was  accomplished  with  no  loss  of  consequence  to  the  Confederates.  The 
weather  was  very  bad,  a  cold  rain  having  fallen  during  the  previous  week,  making 
it  almost  impossible  to  travel  with  artillery  along  the  river-bank,  and  it  was  very 
trying  on  horses  and  men. 

Hood's  raid  is  too  familiar  in  the  history  of  the  late  war  to  require  minute  men- 
tion of  events  in  connection  with  the  regiment.  Suffice  it  to  say  that  the  regi- 
ment was  an  active  participant  in  the  numerous  battles  in  which  Gen.  Forrest's 
cavalry  took  part,  including  Franklin  and  Murfreesboro,  and  it  sustained  a  heavy 
loss  in  killed  and  wounded.  Among  the  killed  was  the  daring  Capt.  Kellehar, 
he  and  his  horse  being  blown  to  pieces  by  a  shell  November  26th  at  Columbia. 
During  this  terribly  disastrous  raid,  in  which  thirty-five  or  forty  days  were  con- 
sumed, some  of  the  hardest  and  most  destructive  battles  took  place,  in  which  the 
Confederate  loss  was  beyond  computation.  The  regiment  marched  back  to  Corinth, 
Miss.,  where  the  men  were  furloughed  about  January  1,  186^,  and  allowed  to  visit 
their  homes  to  procure  fresh  horses  and  add  new  recruits  to  our  diminished  ranks. 
Col.  Faulkner  was  able  to  join  the  regiment  in  Kentucky  or  West  Tennessee  in  the 
early  part  of  February,  but  was  killed  at  Dresden,  Tenn.,  by  some  of  his  men  who 
were  absent  without  leave,  and  whom  he  proposed  to  take  back  with  the  com- 
mand. They  were  desperate  men  who  resisted  him,  and  killed  him  during  the 
affray.  This  left  the  regiment  without  a  field  othVer,  but  Capt.  Clanton  took 
command  again,  and  the  regiment  marched  south  and  joined  the  main  army  and 
camped  at  Waverly,  Miss.,  for  a  few  weeks.  Being  without  a  field  officer,  and  our 
numbers  reduced  to  such  an  extent,  we  were  unable  to  maintain  an  organization 
as  a  regiment;  therefore  Faulkner's  regiment  was  merged  into  the.  Eighth  Ken- 


782  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


tucky  Cavalry,  Col.  A.  A.  K.  Shackle t  commander.  During  the  month  of  M  .  :-h 
transfers  were  granted  all  Tennesseans  in  the  regiment  who  desired  transfers  t<> 
Tennessee  regiments,  and  quite  a  number  availed  themselves  of  this  prml<  je, 
among  whom  was  the  writer,  who  was  transferred  to  Co.  I>  (W.  11.  Hawkins,  ■  •:' 
Huntingdon,  Captain),  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Tennessee  regiments  (R.  3>L 
Russell,  of  Trenton,  Colonel).  Quite  a  number  of  Tennesseans,  however,  -tiil  re- 
mained with  the  regiment  after  this,  and  were  participants,  along  with  the  Ken- 
tucky brigade,  in  the  disastrous  combat  at  Selma,  Ala.  The  members  of  the 
Eighth  Kentucky  were  paroled  at  Columbus,  Miss.,  as  members  of  that  reaimei::. 
while  those  who  had  received  transfers  to  Tennessee  regiments  were  paroled  with 
their  respective  regiments  at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  May  9th,  1865. 

This  ends  my  sketch  of  Faulkner's  (Twelfth  Kentucky)  Regiment  of  Keatoek- 
ians  and  Tennesseans;  and  in  bringing  it  to  a  close  my  mind  runs  back  to  I 
days  and  calls  up  the  faces  ot  numbers  of  brave  comrades  who  fell  upon  battle- 
fields, and  it  produces  a  feeling  of  sadness  indeed;  while  upon  the  other  hand  it  has 
the  effect  to  strengthen  that  cord  which  has  for  more  than  twenty  years  held  the 
attachment  that  was  formed  in  those  days  not  only  toward  the  members  of  my 
company,  but  of  the  entire  regiment.  Yes;  I  will  not  confine  it  to  the  Twelfth 
L  Kentucky  Regiment,  but  the  same  applies  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  7-.  r- 

nessee  regiments,  iii  which  I  spent  my  last  few  months  in  the  service  for  the 
Lost  Cause.  Under  the  circumstances  it  has  been  impossible  for  me  lo  procure 
complete  muster-rolls  and  memorial  rolls  of  all  the  companies.  A  number  of 
the  events  in  the  foregoing  sketch  have  been  gathered  from  Gen.  Forrest's  "Cam- 
paigns," which  were  based  upon  notes  from  regimental,  brigade,  and  division  of- 
ficers. It  is  not  impossible  that  some  minor  mistakes  may  appear,  although  the 
writer  has  been  very  careful  not  to  note  any  thing  that  could  not  be  establi-hei  as 
fact;  and  should  there  be  mistakes,  I  hope  my  comrades  will  consider  that  they 
»  are'  errors  of  the  head,  and  not  of  the  heart. 


WOODWARD'S  SECOND  KENTUCKY  CAVALRY. 

By  Hox.  Austin  Peay,  Garrettsburg,  Ky. 

At  Oak  Grove,  Christian  county,  Ky.,  on  the  9th  of  April,  1861,  a  company  of 
cavalry  was  organized,  with  Thomas  G.  Woodward,  a  West  Point  graduate,  as 
Captain.  Oak  Grove  is  near  the  Tennessee  line,  and  many  Tennesseans  anxi  us 
to  become  soldiers  united  their  fortunes  with  this  Kentucky  company.  The  citi- 
zens around  Oak  Grove  were  ardent  Southerners,  and  gave  liberally  of  their 
means  to  mount,  arm,  and  equip  the  company.  Lieut.  Darwin  Bell  and  Orderly 
Wm.  Blakemore  were  sent  on  a  secret  mission  to  Cincinnati  for  arms,  and  suc- 
ceeded in  purchasing  enough  fine  Colt's  revolvers  with  which  to  arm  the  a  ra- 
pany. 

It  was  the  intention  for  the  company  to  unite  with  the  Kentucky  State  Gnards. 
but  the  action  of  the  State  was  so  dilatory  that  on  the  25th  of  June,  1^)1.  it  w?s 
mustered  into  the  Tennessee  service  as  an  independent  organization.  It  numbered 
one  hundred  and  eight  men  and  officers,  and  no  finer  body  of  men.  or  better 
equipped,  ever^sought  or  obtained  service  anvwhere.     It  saw  no  active  service  for 


I 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         7S3 


some  months,  but  was  drilled  in  the  camps  of  instruction  at  Boone,  Cheatham, 
and  Trousdale. 

When  the  army  invaded  Kentucky  this  company  led  the  van-guard,  and  pene- 
trated a-s  far  as  Hopkinsvilie,  the  home  of  many  of  its  members,  returning  to  Bowl- 
ing Green  in  the  early  winter.  At  Bowling  Green  the  company  grew  to  such 
proportions  that  it  was  divided  into  two  companies;  and  then  merged  into  the  First 
Kentucky  Cavalry  as  companies  A  and  B;  Capt.  Darwin  Bell  commanding  Co.  A, 
and  Capt.  Wm.  Caldwell  Co.  B.  Woodward  was  promoted  to  Lieutenant-colonci. 
Ben  Hardin  Helm,  a  noble  gentleman  and  chivalrous  soldier,  who  srave  his  life 
for  his  country  on  the  field  of  Chickamauga,  was  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  The 
regiment  was  twelve  hundred  strong. 

Hard  service,  picketing,  and  scouting  through  the  winter  of  1SG1  and  1S(>2  char- 
acterized the  company's  history,  and  a  few  skirmishes,  in  which  the  men  bore  them- 
selves well  and  gave  promise  of  the  valor  which  they  afterward  displayed  upon 
many  a  bard-fought  held.  When  the  army  retreated  From  Kentucky  the  regi- 
ment was  its  rear-guard,  and  with  sickening  heart  followed  its  dreary  march 
through  the  whole  State  of  Tennessee,  until  once  again  it  formed  its  lines  and  con- 
fronted the  enemy  at  Shiloh.  Then  it  was  stationed  at  Florence,  Ala.,  and  gave 
Gen.  Johnston  accurate  information  of  the  advance  of  Bnell's  army,  which  pre- 
cipitated the  attack  at  Shiloh.  After  the  battle — which,  but  for  the  untimely 
death  of  that  great  soldier,  Gen.  Johnston,  would  have  been  the  most  complete 
victory  of  the  war — the  command  followed  the  varying  fortunes  of  the  army  in 
Mississippi  and  Alabama  until,  in  May  of  1862,  under  Gen.  Adams,  it  was  sent  on 
a  raid  into  Middle  Tennessee.  Here  it  was  engaged  in  several  hard  fights.  At 
Winchester,  Tenn.,  companies  A  and  L,  with  a  fool-hardy  courage,  under  orders 
of  Capt.  Cox,  of  Adams's  staff,  who  was  in  command,  charged  the  court-house, 
filled  with  Federal  infantry,  halted  in  its  front,  fired  their  guns  and  revolvers  in 
its  doors  and  windows  in  the  faces  of  the  astonished  foe,  and  then  retreated  under 
a  murderous  fire,  which  left  many  of  the  best  and  bravest  of  their  men  dead  and 
wounded. 

At  Hney's  Bridge  the  First  Kentucky  and  some  companies  of  the  Eighth  Texas 
charged  a  Federal  regiment  intrenched  in  camp,  and  killed  and  captured  every 
man  of  them,  but  with  fearful  loss  of  life  among  its  officers  and  men.  The  ad- 
vance of  the  Federal  infantry  drove  Adams's  command  from  this  portion  of  Ten- 
nessee across  the  river  to  Chattanooga.  Here,  on  the  2oth  of  June,  18G2,  the  time 
of  enlistment  of  companies  A  and  B  expired,  and  they  were  mustered  out  of  the 
service.  Some  of  the  men  reenlisted  at  once,  and  joined  a  command  which  For- 
rest was  raising  for  a  raid  into  Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  but  the  greater  number 
returned  to  their  homes,  situated  within  the  Federal  lines,  in  the  two  States  men- 
tioned. 

On  the  12th  of  July,  just  seven  days  after  disband ment,  Woodward  had  re- 
turned into  Kentucky,  and  in  Christian  county  began  the  organization  of  a  new- 
command.  His  old  men  almost  to  a  man  gathered  around  him,  new  recruits 
flocked  to  him  from  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  and  he  soon  had  a  large  regiment 
in  the  field.  The  men  were  generally  not  well  armed,  and,  like  all  raw  recruits  in 
the  beginning,  wanting  indiscipline;  but  under  Woodward's  finesystem  of  military 
tactics  they  soon  became  disciplined  and  burdened  to  the  usages  of  war.  They 
met  the  enemy  often,  and  with  varying  success.     Clarksville,  Tenn.,  with  Col.  Ma- 


784  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


:  son  and  its  entire  garrison,  was  captured  with  but  little  loss.  Fort  Donelson  was 
attacked,  but  the  attack  was  repulsed  with  severe  loss.  The  next  morning  tl 
erny,  presuming  upon  the  repulse  of  the  day  before,  followed  to  the  rolling-mills, 
and  charged  with  a  regiment  of  cavalry.  Woodward  had  had  warning  of  their 
approach,  and  was  ready  for  them.  The  command  was  placed  in  position  under 
the  river-bank  and  in  the  demolished  works  of  the  old  mill,  while  the  small 
four-poiinder  was  in  position  at  a  bridge  which  was  a  little  way  in  front.  The 
Federal  cavalry  scarcely  gave  the  command  time  to  get  into  position  )>^{jre  ic 
charged  in  column  down  the  road.  On  they  came  witli  headlong  courage.  The 
cannon  was  overturned  after  one  discharge,  and  the  cavalry,  with  drawn  sabers, 
swept  down  upon  our  position.  The  tale  was  .-oon  told.  The  men  poured  a  ter- 
rible fire  from  both  sides  of  the  road  into  their  serried  column,  and  the  road  was 
soon  choked  with  dead  and  wounded  men  and  horses.  Two  front  companies  were 
annihilated,  not  a  single  man  escaping  to  tell  the  bloody  fate  of  his  comrades. 
The  rear  companies  never  came  through,  but  turned  and  tied.  The  comman  i  lost 
not  a  man  in  the  action,  and  its  retreat  was  in  safety  to  Clarksville. 

Woodward  remained  in  Kentuckv  drilling  and  enlarging  his  "command  until 
after  the  battle  of  Perryville  and  Bragg's  retreat  from  Kentucky.  The  Federals 
then  sent  Gen.  Ransom,  with  a  large  command,  into  Southern  Kentucky  to  drive 
Woodward  out.  Near  the  little  town  of  Garrettsburg,  in  September,  1862,  the 
Federals  struck  Woodward's  regiment  in  line  of  battle.  The  conflict  was  sharp 
and  brief.  Overpowered  by  numbers,  armed  only  with  shot-guns,  and  upon  grrOnnd 
unfitted  for  cavalry  fighting,  the  men  were  no  match  for  the  long-range  ririe-  of 
g  the  trained  infantry  and  artillery  of  the  foe,  and  broke  into  disorder  and  fell  back 

in  great  confusion,  leaving  a  good  many  dead  on  the  field,  and  carrying  off  as 
many  more  wounded.  The  next  day  Cumberland  River  was  crossed,  Kentucky 
faded  in  the  distance,  and  the  homes  of  our  birth  were  left  to  the  posses-ion  of 
the  foe. 

Near  Charlotte,  in  Dixon  county,  the  command  was  camped  for  some  time. 
The  regiment  was  enlisted  for  one  year's  service,  and  here  came  the  tidings  tl  at 
the  Confederate  authorities  would  receive  no  enlistments  for  less  than  three  years' 
service,  and  it  came  coupled  with  the  command  to  swear  the  men  in  for  three 
years  and  place  the  regiment  under  Forrest,  who  was  then  preparing  to  invade 
West  Tennessee.  At  this  time  Forrest  was  as  much  feared  and  despised  as  he  was 
afterward  appreciated  and  beloved.  So  the  men  refused  to  submit  to  the  terms 
proposed,  and  the  regiment  went  to  pieces,  as  the  night-irathered  clans  of  Mac- 
gregor  dissolved  before  the  light  of  the  morning.  Woodward's  work  had  e>>me 
to  naught  before  its  full  fruition.  His  disappointment  was  great;  but,  nothing 
daunted,  he  gathered  around  him  a  company  of  a  hundred  men,  followed  Forrest 
into  We.^t  Tennessee,  and  did  yeoman  service,  participating  in  every  emrauem-.-r.: 
of  that  hard  campaign,  and  winning  the  highest  commendation  for  himself  and 
men  from  his  chief — that  glorious  old  dead  hero,  who  never  said  to  his  men, 
"Go,"  but,  "Follow  me!"  In  this  campaign  Lieut.  Joe  Statoft  was  killed.  He 
was  a  man  of  great  vanity,  but  of  courage  true  as  steel,  of  brilliant  mind,  and  as 
gallant  an  officer  as  ever  drew  saber  or  buckled  a  spur. 

When  Woodward  returned  from  the  campaign  in  West  Tenne-see,  his  comm  md 
was  camped  for  weeks  in  the  neighborhood  of  Columbia,  Term.  His  old  com- 
rades again  flocked  to  his  standard;  there  was  no  peace  for  them  while  their  be- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


'8" 


loved  South  writhed  in  the  grasp  of  the  foe  and  fought  for  liberty.  They  came 
in  troops  and  companies;  to-day  in  squads  oi'  three  or  four,  to-morrow  in  organ- 
ized companies,  mostly  from  Kentucky,  but  a  goodly  sprinkling  of  Tennegeeam, 
most  of  whom  joined  Company  A.  commanded  by  Will  A.  Elliott,  himself  a  son 
of  Tennessee.  Company  C  was  composed  entirely  of  Tennes.->eans,  and  its  Captain, 
Tom  Lewis,  was  as  noble  a  gentleman  and  brave  a  soldier  as  ever  lived  or  died. 

Soon  once  more  by  his  indomitable  exertions  Woodward  had  organized  a  line, 
serviceable  body  of  men.  Seven  full  companies  answered  at  his  roll-call,  and  stood 
ready  to  follow  him  to  battle — not  sufficient  for  a  regiment,  yet  it  was  received 
as  such.  Woodward  was  elected  to  the  command,  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  Tom  Lewis  as  Major.  Its  companies  were  commanded  and  distin- 
guished as  follows: 

Co.  A:  Will  A.  Elliott,  Captain — about  one-third  Tenne^seans.  Co.  B:  Given 
Campbell,  Captain.  Co.  C:  Tom  Lewis,  Captain;  after  Lewis's  promotion  to 
Major,  commanded  by  Lieut.  Jackson.  Co.  D:  Robert  .Biggs,  Captain.  Co.  E: 
John  Cruteher.  Captain.  Co.  F:  J.  H.  Harvey,  Captain.  Co.  G:  Joe  Williams, 
Captain.     C.  I>.  Bell  was  Adjutant,  and  Edward  Gray  Sergeant-major. 

Thus  organized  and  officered,  and  constituted  a  regiment,  the  command  was 
sworn  into  the  Confederate  serviee  for  the  war.  It  was  the  famous  Second  Ken- 
tucky, and  if  its  country  had  a  history  its  record  should  be  written  deep  upon  it. 
But  who  can  write  its  history?  It  would  take  a  volume  in  itself  to  contain  it.  It 
cannot  be  done.  Its  roll  has  been  lost;  and  could  it  be  called,  more  voices  would 
answer  from  the  farther  shore  than  from  this.  The  chronicler  stands  appalled  at 
the  magnitude  of  the  task.  How  write  the  eulogies  and  elegies  of  its  living  and 
dead?  Its  dead  sleep  in  every  State  of  the  South,  and  many  a  stream  has  been 
dyed  with  their  blood.  From  the  deep-moving  current  of  Green  River  to  the 
slumberous  waters  of  Cape  Fear  these  veterans  marched  and  fought.  From  where 
the  winds  of  winter  sweep  in  shrill  cadences  over  the  hills  of  Northern  Kentucky 
to  where  the  warm  waves  of  the  ocean  lave  the  sand-beaches  of  Carolina  they 
followed  the  flag  of  their  country  with  unfaltering  devotion  through  victory  and 
defeat,  until  with  sorrowing  hearts  they  saw  it  furled  and  laid  away  forever 

Who  can  write  its  history,  illustrate  its  devotion,  and  call  the  roster  of  its  dead? 
How  it  followed  a  cause  until  that  cause  was  irreparably  lost;  how  it  fought  under 
Forrest — the  most  beloved  leader  of  them  all — in  his  numerous  hard  battles  in 
many  campaigns;  in  East  Tennessee,  under  the  chivalrous  Kelly;  and  then  to 
Chiekamauga,  where  Forrest  dismounted  his  men  and  led  them  into  battle  as  in- 
fantry, and  when  the  enemy  were  defeated  and  routed  he  mounted  his  impetuous 
riders  and  pushed  them  right  upon  Chattanooga.  Here  Forrest,  followed  by  Maj. 
Wm.  Caldwell,  Adjt.  C.  D.  Bell,  and  Lieut.  Pack  Edmonds,  daringly  charged  into 
the  streets  of  the  town,  where  Forrest's  horse  was  killed. 

After  this  battle  the  regiment,  in  spite  of  its  prayers  and  entreatit^,  was  taken 
from  Forrest,  and,  with  the  First  and  Ninth  Kentucky,  organized  into  a  brigade 
and  placed  under  the  command  of  J.  Warren  Grigsby,  and  assigned  to  Gen.  Jo- 
seph Wheelers  corps  of  cavalry.  This  was  in  obedience  to  new  regulations  from 
Richmond,  putting  regiments  from  the  same  State  in  brigades  together.  Forrest 
was  to  be  sent  into  West  Tennessee,  and  was  allowed  some  troops  with  him. 
He  asked  for  the  Second  Kentucky  and  McDonald's  battalion,  but  for  some  reason 
•his  request  was  refused. 
50 


786  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Immediately  after  the  battle  of  Cliickaniauga,  Wheeler  gathered  his  forces  to- 
gether, and,  crossing  the  Tennessee  far  above  Chattanooga,  swept  around  the  ene- 
my's rear  through  the  whole  of  Middle  Tennessee,  leaving  ruin  and  devastation 
wherever  he  marched.  At  Farmington  a  battle  was  fought,  in  which  the  Second 
Kentucky  bore  the  brunt  of  the  fight  and  lost  heavily, 

It  would  be  an  endless  task  to  attempt  to  follow  in  detail  the  service  under  tins 
distinguished  General,  the  Prince  Rupert  of  the  Confederate  army.  After  the 
raid  into  Tennessee  and  some  further  service  in  East  Tennessee,  the  command  was 
recalled  to  the  main  army,  and  Gen.  John  S.  Williams  was  sent  to  command  the 
brigade,  under  whom  it  served  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

After  the  disastrous  defeat  at  Missionary  Ridge,  Wheeler  covered  the  retreat 
from  Dalton   to  Atlanta;  and  after  the  battle  of  Jonesboro,  followed  and  capt- 
ured Stoneman  and  his  command  in  the  heart  of  Georgia:  and  then,  again  crossing 
I  » 

the  Tennessee  River  near  Knoxvillc,  made  the  circuit  of  the  enemy's  rear.     On 

this  raid  Williams's  brigade  was  separated  from  the  main  command,  and  being 
hard  pushed  returned  by  way  of  East  Tennessee  and  Virginia,  reaching  Saltville 
in  time  to  join  in  the  battle  there  under  Gen.  John  C.  Breckinridge,  which  re- 
sulted in  the  total  overthrow  of  the  Federals  and  the  saving  of  those  valuable 
works. 

Hood  had  invaded  Tennessee,  and  Sherman  was  marching  for  the  sea.  Will- 
iams's brigade  was  sent  to  join  Hampton,  who  was  the  only  foe  Sherman  had  in 
his  front.  This  General  was  another  Forrest,  and  fighting  was  hard;  but  how  use- 
less! A  few  cavalry,  however  great  their  valor,  could  not  successfully  check  the 
countless  hordes  of  Sherman;  and  hordes  they  were,  more  pitiless  than  those  of 
Attila  or  Genghis  Khan,  leaving  fiery  destruction  in  their  march.  Hampton 
fought  them  at  every  step,  and  kept  their  plunderers  from  scattering  too  far  from 
their  line  of  march.  On  the  plains  in  front  of  Columbia,  S.  C,  Gen.  Williams's 
brigade  was  engaged  in  the  heaviest  contest  of  the  war,  for  it  and  the  Second 
Kentucky  left  its  best  and  bravest  dead  on  the  field. 

Soon  after  the  foe  reached  the  sea  the  command  joined  Gen.  Johnston,  who  was 
gathering  the  scattered  fragments  of  Hood's  army  in  North  Carolina.  History 
tells  how  those  decimated  veterans  fought  at  Bentonville.  Part  of  that  history 
belongs  to  this  veteran  regiment.  Hope  had  fled,  death  had  thinned  its  ranks, 
but  with  unconquered  resolution  its  men  fought;  and  it  is  but  truth  and  justice  to 
say  that  they  never  met  the  foe  in  those  last  days  but  their  battle-scarred  banner 
floated  in  victory  over  his  silenced  batteries  and  broken  columns.  But  the  dread 
fiat,  which  struck  sorrow  to  so  many  faithful  hearts,  had  gone  forth  from  the  Lord 
•  of  hosts,  and  the  cause  was  lost. 

President  Davis  dispatched  to  Gen.  Johnston  at  Raleigh  to  send,  as  an  escort 
for  himself  and  the  remains  of  the  Government,  a  thousand  of  his  best  cavalry. 
Dibrell's  division,  composed  of  Williams's  and  Dibrell's  brigades,  was  sent.  The 
division  reached  the  President  at  Greenville,  and  followed  him  in  mournful 
march  until  about  three  days  before  his  capture,  beyond  Washington,  (la.  It  was 
a  mournful  cortege  that  wound  along  over  the  hills  of  Carolina  and  Georgia  in 
those  memorable  May  days  of  1805.  On  this  march  one  morning  the  writer  wit- 
nessed a  scene  that  made  a  strong  impression  on  his  youthful  mind.  An  am- 
bulance, which  was  in  the  train  and  near  the  front,  -had  mired  in  the  mud, 
or   broken  something,  which   caused    a   halt.     On  one  side  was  Judah  P.  Benja- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        7S7 


min,  Secretary  of  State,  with  shoulder  to  the  wheel ;  on  the  other  side  was  John 
T.  Reagan,  Postmaster-general;  and  looking  on  were  Charles  G.  Memminger, 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  and  Samuel  Cooper,  Adjutant-general  of  all  the  armies; 
while  a  little  farther  oft]  mounted  and  looking  on,  were  President  Davis  and  Gen. 
John  C.  Breckinridge,  Secretary  of  War. 

The  regiment  was  paroled  May  9,  near  Washington,  Ga.,  and  allowed  to  retain 
their  horses;  but  at  Chattanooga  their  horses  were  taken  from  them,  and  they  sent 
to  Nashville  and  lodged  in  the  penitentiary  during  the  night.  In  the  morning 
the  men  were  marched  into  the  city,  made  to  take  the  oath,  and  allowed  to  go  to 
their  homes— sadder  and.  wiser,  if  not  better,  men. 

Such  is  but  a  cursory  sketch  of  a  regiment  composed  of  the  flower  of  the  youth 
of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  and  which  did  its  duty  in  a  great  historic  conflict. 
Its  record  here  is  incomplete,  and  it  is  not  possible'now,  and  never  will  he,  to,write 
an  accurate  history  of  its  career.  No  history  of  Tennessee  could  be  complete,  or 
just,  or  honest  unless  meritorious  mention  was  made,  even  nameless  though  they 
be,  of  those  gallant  sons  who,  merging  their  identity  in  this  Kentucky  regiment, 
gave  their  service  and  fought  and  died  for  the  land  and  cause  which  they,  in  com- 
mon with  their  mother  Tennessee,  loved  so  well.  Some  of  them  go  through  life 
dragging  their  poor  wounded  bodies,  and  no  government  administers  to  them  with 
fostering  care,  while  the  graves  of  many  more  who  died  in  battle  dot  the  hills  and 
plains  of  the  South,  and  the  eye  of  affection  cannot  find  their  hist  resting-piace 
No  monument  rises  above  them,  no  cenotaph  perhaps  will  ever  have  carved  on 
its  voiceful  marble  their  glorious  acts;  but  how  useless  are  all  of  these!  for  mar- 
ble and  monumental  brass  corrode  and  fall  into  dust,  yet  the  memories  of  these 
soldier-dead  live  and  flourish  in  the  hearts  of  their  comrades,  green  as  the  grass- 
that  grows  above  them,  and  in  the  traditions  of  their  grateful  country  their  heroic 
deeds  shall  live  forever. 


0$.tiaT\  Woodward's  Company. 

Captain,  T.  G.  Woodward. 
On  the  muster-roll,  the  only  one  on  file,  appear  the  following  memoranda: 
"This  company  was  formed  from  a  battalion  composed  almost  entirely  of  Kentuckians  who 
were  enlisted  by  Lieut. -col.  T.  G.  Woodward  for  twelve  months.     When  ordered  to  be  miutered 
into  the  service  for  three  years,  all  declined  except,  those  whose  names  are  here  enrolled. 
The  battalion  from  which  (his  company  was  formed  has  been  serving  as  partisan  rangers  in 
Southern  Kentucky  ever  since  the  1st  of  August,  lSb2,  and  no  muster-rolls  from  the  companies 
forming  the  battalion  have  been  returned  to  the  Inspector-general's  office.     This  battahon 
■was  commanded  by  Lieut.-col.  T.  G.  Woodward  since  its  organization  the  1st  of  August,  186& 
"(Signed;  Charles  M.  Carroll, 

'Inspector  and  Mustering  Officer  for  Brig.-gen.  xV.  B.  Forrest." 


FIRST  TENNESSEE  PARTISAN  RANGERS. 

OtfZcia/.]  

Colonel,  Robert  V.  Richardson. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain,  E.  Daly. 

Hammer,  W.  B.,  k.  in  action  at  Lauderdale.  Tenn.,  Jan.  8,  1863. 


788 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  J.  H.  Murray. 
Ray,  Lieut.  Thos.  J.,  k.  in  action  March  9,  IS&i.  |  Bane,  M.  H.,  d.  April  12, 1863. 

COMPANY  C. 
Captain,  John  L.  Payn 
Nelson,  Lieut.  J.  C,  k.  in  action  at  Reaves'-  I  Ralph,  James,  k.  in  action,  March  29,  1863. 
place,  March  29, 1863.  | 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  J.  H.  Hazehvood. 
Thompson,  J    F.,  k.    in    action   at   Reaves's  j  Craddock,  H. 
place,  March  29, 1S63. 

COMPANY  E. 
Captain,  Reuben  Burrows. 

COMPANY  F. 
Captain,  \V.  A.  Bell. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain,  R.  A.  Fields. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captain,  J.  S.  Caruthers. 

McH*ane,  \Y.  J.  C,  k.  March  29,  1863. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain,  John  Hicks. 

COMPANY  K. 
Captain,  R.  J.  Morris. 
Eelley,  X,  k.  March  29, 1363.  i  Hilliard,  J.  A.,  d.  March  6, 1863. 


MISCELLANEOUS  COMMANDS. 


Official']  — 

Alexander's  Cavalry  Company,  Capt.  D.  F.  Al- 
exander. 

Baker's  Independent  Company,  Capt.  Wm.  N. 
Baker. 

Barbiere's  Company,  Capt.  Joseph  Barbiere. 

Barkley's  Company,  Capt.  Samuel  Y.  Barkley. 

Bass's  Company,  Capt.  Robert  C.  Bass. 

Baxter's  Battalion  Cavalry,  Co.  C,  Capt.  A.  J. 
Powell. 

Deal,  William,  k.  in  battle  at  Cherokee,  Ala., 
May  12,  1863. 

Beach  Creek  Jerkers,  Capt.  Jacob  Miller. 

Blair's  Company,  Lieut.  VV.  W.  Blair. 

Bolen's  Unattached  Cavalry,  Capt.  James  N. 
Bolen. 

Bound.«-'s  Company,  Capt.  George  W.  Bounds. 

Camp's  Company,  Capt.  Wm.  A.  Camp. 

Carter's  Company  of  Soout3  for  Maj. -gen. 
Wheeler's  eavnlry  corps,  Capt.  N.  W.  Carter. 

Cattle's  Company,  Capr.  R.  F.  Cattle. 

Childress's  Company,  Capt.  Wm.  T.  Childress. 

Clark's  Independent  Cavalry,  Capt.  J.  W.  Clark. 


Darwin'3  Cavalry  of  Partisan   Rangers,  Capt. 

Wm.  P.  Darwin. 
Davis's  Company,  Capt.  John  R.  Davis. 
Dillahay's  Company,  Capt.  Alexander  R.  Dil* 

lahay. 

Duggan's  Company,  Capt.  Benj.  F.  Du^uan. 
Dunn's  Company,  Capt.  John  N.  Dunn. 

Second  Battalion  Troops  and  Defenses,  Co.  C, 
Capt.  W.  G.  Etter. 

Felts's  Company,  Capt.  James  W.  Felts. 

Jennings,  W.  R.,  d.  Sept.  22,  1S01. 
j  Forney's  Company,  Capt.  Geo.  H.  Forney. 

Fouteh's  Company,  Capt.  Martin  B.  Foutch. 
I  Gordon's  Cavalry,  Capt.  W.  W.  Gordon. 
|  Gammon's  Company,  Capt.  Edward  Gammon. 
|  Hardeman's  Avengers,  Capt.  James  J.  N'eeiy. 
I  Hailman's  Company,  Capt.  S.  F.  Hailman. 
j  Hal  list's  Company,  Capt.  Jasper  N.  Hallis. 
!  Hamilton's  Independent  Company,  Capt.  Oli- 
ver P.  Hamilton. 

Hancock's  Company,  Capt.  Wm.  H.  P.  Han- 
cock. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


780 


Harrell's  Company,  Lieut.  Rodman  Harrell. 
Hill's  Company,  Capfc  C.  H.  Hill. 
Hudson's  Company,  Capt  Clement  L.Hudson. 
Ives's  Company,  Capt.  John  D.  Ives. 
James's  Company,  Capt.  B.  A.  James. 
Jones's  Company,  Capt  L.  M.  Jones. 
Johnson's  Company.  Capt.  James  Johnson. 
Kizer's  Independent  Scouts,  Capt  Thomas  N. 

Kizer. 
Lea's  Company.  Capt.  Allen  Lea. 
Smith,  Alfred,  d.  Dec.  13,  1861. 
Little's  Company,  Capt.  Montgomery  Little. 
Logwood's  Cavalry,  Capt.  T.  H.  Logwood. 
Haley's  Company,  Captain  H.  J.  Maley. 
"Me  Lin's  Company,  Capt.  John  B.  MeLin. 
Mister's  Company,  Capt.  James  F.  Mister. 
Cater's  Battalion  of  Mounted  Scouts,  Co.  B. 

Capt.  Lemuel  Oliver. 
Jarroll,  Charles,  k.  in  battle,  Sept.  19, 1863. 
Oliver's  Company,  Capl.  John  A.  Oliver. 
Battalion  Sharp-shooters  (Jackson's  Brigade), 

Co.  E,  Capt.  Samuel  D.  Oliver. 
Bovvdon,  John  A.  W.,  d.  in  hospital. 
Perry's  Company,  Capt.  Adcock  Perry. 
Partisan  Rangers,  Capt.  E.  E.  Porter. 
Rankin's  Company,  Capt  Peter  T.  Rankin. 
Reed'3  Company,  Capt.  Wyly  M.  Reed. 

Robinson's  Company,  Capt.  George  W.  Robin- 
son. 

Roundtree's  Company,  Capfc.  William  Round- 
tree. 


Sanders's  Company,  Capt.  G.  C.  Sanders. 
William.-,  G.  T.,  d.  Sept.  17,  1861. 

Scobey'a  Company,  Capt.  James  E.  Scobey. 
Sherwin's  Company,  Capt.  C.  Sherwin. 
Smith's  Company,  Capt.  Wm.  D.  Smith. 
Spencer's  Company,  Capt  Benj.  E.  Spencer. 
Tackett's  Company,  Capt  Joseph  W.  Tackett. 
Thomason's  Company,  Capt.  John  F.  Thoin- 
ason. 

Thomas's  Company,  Capt.  Samuel  P.  Tnomas. 
Trevitt's  Company,  Capt.  J.  F.  Trevitt 
Watson's  Company,  Capt  Geo.  W.  Wafsoa. 
Wheeler's  Company,  Capt.  James  T.  Wheeler. 
Wheeler's  Company,  Capt.  John  D.  Wheeler. 
Whitson's  Company,  Capt.  R.  M.  Whitson. 
Jackson  Home  Guards,  Capt.  Owen  M.  White. 
Williams's  Unattached  Cavalry,  Capt.  J.   R. 

Williams. 
Gilbert,  Samuel,  d.  at  home  in  Benton  county, 

Tenn.,  Sept.  1,  1862. 
Askew,  IV  I).,  d.  at  home  in  Benton  county, 

Tenn.,  Aug.  1,  1862. 
Brown,  John  W.,  d.  in  hospital  at   Danville, 

Jan.  11,  1362. 
Ballard,  J.  N.,  d.  at  Henderson  Station,  April 

12,  1862. 
Odom,  W.  A.,  d.  at  home  in  Benton  county 

Tenn.,  Feb.  1,  1SC2. 
Wyatt,  John,  d.  at  home  in   Benton  county, 

Tenn.,  Feb.  <>,  1862. 

Witcher's  Company,  Capt.  James  Witcher. 
.Miller,  Daniel,  d.  about  July  1, 1SG3. 
Woodruff's  Company,  Capt.  Samuel  Woodruff. 


790  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ARTILLERY. 


BANKHEAD'S  AND  SCOTT'S  BATTERY. 

Bv  W.  L.  Scott,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


|  This  battery  of  light  artillery  was  organized  as  "Bankhead's  Battery"  at  Mem- 

phis, Term.,  early  in  April,  18*31.  It  was  organized  by  Smith  P.  Bankhead  and 
\V.  Y.  C.  Karnes,  of  that  city.  The  men  composing  the  company  were  mainly 
recruited  in  Memphis,  and  as  far  as  known  were  Tennesseans.  The  company 
was  about  one  hundred  strong.  The  officers  were  Smith  P.  Bankhead,  Captain; 
W.  Y.  C.  Humes,  First  Lieutenant;  James  Clare  McDavitt,  W.  L.  Scott,  and 
W.  B.  Greenlaw,  jr.,  Second  Lieutenants,  ('apt.  Bankhead  and  Lieut.  Humes 
were  natives  of  Virginia.  The  remaining  officers  were  natives  of  Tennessee. 
Capt.  Bankhead  was  the  son  of  Gen.   Bankhead,  of  the  regular  army  of  the 

I  United  States,  and  had  received  a  military  education.     Lieut.  Humes  had  also 

to  some  extent  received  a  military  training  at  the  military  school  in  Lexington, 
Va.,  where  he  graduated.  All  of  the  officers  of  this  battery  at  the  time  of  its 
organization,  with  the  exception  of  Lieut.  Greenlaw,  were  lawyers,  actively  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  their  profession  at  Memphis,  Tenn. 

When  first  organized  the  company  had  no  artillery.  A  short  time  after  its  or- 
ganization it  was  stationed  at  Fort  Pillow,  on  the  Mississippi  River,  and  placed 
in  command  of  the  heavy  artillery  at  that  point.  During  the  summer  of  1S61  it 
was  relieved  of  this  duty,  and  returned  to  Memphis,  where  it  went  into  camp,  and 
was  there  regularly  equipped  as  a  light  artillery  company,  prepared  for  active 
service  in  the  field,  being  furnished  with  four  field-pieces  and  necessary  outfit. 

In  the  fall  of  that  year  the  company  was  ordered  to  New  Madrid,  Mo.,  then 
held  bv  the  Confederates  under  Gen.  Gideon  J.  Pillow.  The  company,  with  the 
forces  at  that  point,  was  ordered  on  an  expedition  some  distance  into  the  inte- 
rior of  the  State,  but  failing  to  encounter  the  enemy,  returned  to  New  Madrid; 
and  soon  thereafter,  upon  the  evacuation  of  that  point,  the  Confederate  troops 
were  ordered  to  Columbus,  Ky.,  which  was  about  to  be  occupied  by  the  army  un- 
-  der  the  command  of  Gen.  Polk. 

The  Federal  forces  were  at  this  time  stationed  at  Cairo,  111.,  and  had  a  strong 
fleet  of  gun-boats  on  the  river. 

On  the  march  from  New  Madrid  to  Columbus  the  battery  passed  through  Hick- 
man, Ky.,  and  at  that  point  was  for  the  first  time  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy,  the 
place  being  shelled  by  the  Federal  gun-boats.  No  casualties  resulted.  The  com- 
pany went  into  winter-quarters  at  Columbus.  While  there,  Lewis  Bond,  of 
Brownsville,  Tenn.,  and  Joseph  Philips,  of  Nashville,  Tenn. — both  native  Ten- 
nesseans— were  ordered  on  duty  in  this  company,  and  held  the  r:;nk  of  Second 
Lieutenant*  in  the  battery.     Soon  after  the  occupation  of  Columbus,  Humes  was 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         791 


relieved  from  duty  in  the  battery  and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Captain,  and  was 
placed  in  charge  of  a  battery  of  heavy  artillery  commanding  the  river.  At  this 
early  period  in  the  history  of  the  company  it  was  deprived  of  the  services  of  this 
gallant  and  efficient  officer,  and  a  brief  mention  of  his  future  career  in  the  army 
may  be  made  in  passing. 

Upon  the  evacuation  of  Columbus,  in  the  spring  of  18(32,  Capt.  Humes  was 
placed  in  command  of  heavy  artillery  at  Island  No.  10,  and  gallantly  assisted  in 
the  defense  of  the  island  against  overwhelming  odds,  and  upon  its  capture  was 
taken  prisoner  and  confined  for  many  months  at  Johnson's  Island.  He  was  not 
exchanged  until  some  time  during  the  summer  of  1862,  and  soon  afterward  was 
placed  in  command  of  heavy  artillery  at  Mobile,  Ala.;  but  his  superior  qualities 
as  an  officer  and  soldier  had  already  attracted  the  attention  of  those  high  m  au- 
thority, and  in  a  short  time  he  was  called  into  active  service  in  the  held,  where  he 
was  rapidly  promoted  until  he  attained  the  rank  of  Brigadier-general,  and  was 
in  command  of  a  brigade  of  cavalry  under  Maj.-gen.  Wheeler  at  the  close  of 
the  war.  After  the  surrender  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Memphis,  and 
now  stands  at  the  head  of  his  profession  in  the  State,  with  a  large  and  lucrative 
practice. 

Upon  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Humes,  Lieuts.  McDavitt  and  Scott  were  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  First  Lieutenant, 

During  the  fall  and  winter  of  1361-2  the  Federal  gun-boats  on  several  occa- 
sions approached  near  enough  to  the  works  at  Columbus  to  throw  shells  into  our 
camp;  and  in  one  instance  a  shell  burst  in  Bankhead's  battery,  shattering  the  arm 
of  one  of  the  men  of  the  company — private  Leary — and  which  had  to  be  ampu- 
tated. 

During  the  period  the  battery  was  in  camp  at  Columbus,  Lieuts.  Bond  and 
Greenlaw  v. ere  relieved  from  duty  with  it. 

In  February,  1862,  William  Mecklenburg  Polk,  son  of  Gen.  Polk,  was  assigned 
to  duty  with  the  battery. 

Upon  the  evacuation  of  Columbus,  in  the  spring  of  1S62,  Bankhead's  battery 
moved  with  the  troops  under  command  of  Gen.  Polk,  and  was  ordered  to  Corinth 
preparatory  to  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 

This  battery  was  actively  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh.  In  the  first  day's 
action  Lieut.  Scott  was  wounded,  being  shot  in  the  neck  by  a  musket-ball  from 
shrapnel,  thrown  with  admirable  preeision  and  skill  by  the  Federal  artillery, 
which  had  got  the  exact  range  of  the  pieces  under  his  command,  being  at  the 
same  time  well  protected  by  the  cover  of  a  hill  from  the  return  fire.  Lieut. 
Scott's  horse  had  been  killed  under  him,  and  he  was  in  the  act  of  mounting  a  sec- 
ond horse  when  he  was  wounded.  He  was  carried  from  the  field,  and  was  not  in 
a  condition  for  active  service  for  some  time  thereafter.  Lieut.  McDavitt  was  also 
wounded  slightly  in  the  same  engagement,  being  grazed  in  the  head  by  a  bullet, 
but  was  able  to  remain  on  the  field  throughout  the  battle.  There  were  twenty 
men  of  the  battery  wounded  at  Shiloh,  but  it  suffered  no  losses  in  killed. 

On  the  14th  of  May,  1862,  the  battery  was  reorganized  with  the  following  offi- 
cers: Captain,  Smith  P.  Eankhead;  Senior  First  Lieutenant,  J.  C.  McDavitt;  Ju- 
nior First  Lieutenant,  \V.  L.  Scott;  Senior  Second  Lieutenant,  Joseph  Philips; 
Junior  Second  Lieutenant,  Wm.  Mecklenburg  Polk. 

On  the  17th  of  May,  1862,  Lieut.  McDavitt  was  relieved  from  duty  with  the 


792  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


battery  and  placed  on  ordnance  duty  with  the  First  Corps,  and  remained  on  spe- 
cial ordnance  duty  until  November  28,  1862,  when  lie  was  assigned  to  duty  as  in- 
structor of  artillery  at  the  bay  batteries  at  Mobile,  Ala.  In  May,  June,  and  July, 
1863,  he  was  in  command  of  an  iron-clad  floating  battery  (two  ten-inch  guns)  off 
Mobile,  and  after  that  was  instructor  and  inspector  of  artillery;  from  Juno  14  to 
September  1,  1864,  he  was  adjutant  and  inspector  of  artillery  of  Polk's  corps  (Col. 
Sterling,  Chief  of  Artillery) ;  and  from  September  5,  1864,  until  the  close  of  the 
war  he  was  inspector  of  artillery  and  ordnance  attached  to  Gen.  Maury's  com- 
mand. Since  the  war  lie  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Memphis, 
Tenn. 

Soon  after  the  reorganization  of  the  battery  in  May,  1862,  Capt.  Bankhead  was 
made  chief  of  artillery,  with  the  rank  of  Major,  and  during  a  considerable  period 
of  the  war  was  on  staff'  duty  in  the  artillery  arm  of  the  service,  and  afterward 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-general,  which  rank  he  held  at  the  close 
of  the  war. 

Upon  the  promotion  of  Capt.  Bankhead,  Lieut.  Scott  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  Captain,  and  was  placed  in  command  of  the  battery,  and  its  name  was  changed 
to  that  of  "Scott's  Battery,"  which  name  it  ever  afterward  bore.  Lieut.  Joseph 
Philips  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Senior  First  Lieutenant,  and  Lieut.  Polk  to 
that  of  Junior  First  Lieutenant,  and  Mr.  Watson,  who  had  previously  been  a  non- 
commissioned officer,  was  promoted  to  a  Second  Lieutenancy,  and  Thomas  Peters 
was  appointed  to  serve  with  the  battery,  with  the  rank  of  Second  Lieutenant.  The 
battery  was  then  assigned  to  duty  with  Smith's  brigade  (Cheatham's  division), 
Polk's  corps. 

Smith's  brigade  having  been  ordered  on  special  duty  in  the  Kentucky  campaign 
in  the  summer  and  fall  of  1862,  Scott's  battery  was  for  the  time  detached  from  its 
own  brigade  and  placed  on  duty  with  Stewart's  brigade,  of  Cheatham's  division, 
and  went  with  this  command  into  Kentucky  on  the  Kentucky  campaign,  and  re- 
mained with  it  until  after  the  battle  of  Perryville,  when  it  was  reattached  to 
.Smith's  brigade,  and  returned  under  this  command  with  the  army  into  Tennessee 
in  the  fall  of  1861 

On  the  Kentucky  campaign  Lieut.  John  Marsh,  of  Bolivar,  Tenn.,  a  native 
Tennessean,  was  assigned  to  duty  with  the  battery,  and  remained  continuously 
with  it  until  a  short  time  previous  to  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

The  battery  actively  participated  in  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro,  and  lost  two 
men  killed  and  several  wounded  in  that  engagement.  Among  its  losses  was  the 
gallant  Corporal  Townsend,  of  Memphis,  Tenn.,  who  was  killed  while  standing 
on  the  breastworks,  having  refused  to  take  shelter  behind  them,  although  at  the 

!time  of  his  death  the  battery  was  not  actually  engaging  the  enemy,  but  was  under 
its  fire.  Xo  braver  soldier  fell  on  that  battle-field — none  more  faithful  or  more 
devoted  to  the  cause  for  which  he  had  enlisted.  After  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro 
the  battery  remained  with  the  army  in  winter-quarters  at  Shelbyville,  Tenn. 

In  the  summer  of  1863  the  battery  was  ordered  to  Chattanooga,  to  which  place 
the  Army  of  Tennessee  had  been  ordered  preparatory  to  the  campaign  which  re- 
sulted in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

During  the  winter  of  1S62  Lieut.  Philips,  at  his  own  request,  was  relieved  from 
duty  with  the  battery,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  Assistant  Adjutant-general  with 
Col.  Bankhead,  who  was  transferred  to  the  Trans-Mississippi  Dep;u:trrsp.r.t,  and 


Reg i mental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.        793 


soon  after  placed  in  command  of  a  brigade  of  cavalry  in  Northern  Texas  and  the 
Indian  Territory.  Lieut.  Philips  was  afterward  ordered  to  report  to  Lieut.-gen. 
Polk,  and  was  by  him  assigned  to  duty  on  Ids  staff  as  inspector  of  artillery,  in 
which  capacity  he  served  on  the  North  Georgia  campaign  until  the  death  of  Gen. 
Polk,  at  Pine  Mountain.  Later  in  the  summer  of  18G3  Lieut.  Marsh  was  also  re- 
lieved from  duty  with  the  battery,  and  assigned  to  staff  duty  in  Strand's  brigade, 
of  Cheatham's  division. 

Scott's  battery  was  actively  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  and  lust  a 
number  of  men  in  kilk-d  and  wounded.  Subsequently,  at  Missionary  Ridge,  over- 
whelmed by  numbers,  and  completely  surrounded  by  the  enemy,  the  battery  was 
captured.  Its  men  stood  to  their  guns  until  the  last,  and  were  literally  hewn 
down  at  their  pieces,  dying  at  their  post  while  attempting  to  discharge  their  guns. 
The  battery  was  thus  captured,  and  the  greater  portion  of  the  men  killed  or  so 
badly  wounded  that  they  afterward  died  of  their  wounds.  Many  were  taken  pris- 
oners, and  but  few  escaped — a  mere  remnant,  too  few  at  this  late  period  of  the  war 
to  form  the  nucleus  for  another  company,  and  they  were  consequently  assigned  to 
different  commands.  Thus  ended  the  career  of  Bankhead-Scott's  Battery,  after 
constant  and  active  service  in  the  field  as  a  light  artillery  company  since  early  in 
the  spring  of  1S62.  It  is  impossible  at  this  distance  of  time,  and  when  all  records 
of  the  company's  history  have  long  since  been  destroyed,  to  furnish  a  statement 
of  the  many  smaller  engagements  with  the  enemy  in  which  this  battery  partici- 
pated; but  it  was  so  engaged  in  many  a  skirmish  and  artillery  duel,  in  which  the 
same  cheerful  courage  an  1  devotion  were  displayed  which  were  so  conspicuous  on 
the  larger  battle-lields.  At  the  time  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge  was  raging 
Lieut.  John  Marsh  was  lying  severely  wounded  in  the  hospital  at  Marietta,  Ga. 
He  had  been  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  while  serving  on  Gen. 
Strahl's  staff*  having  his  left  arm  badly  shattered.  He  refused  to  have  it  ampu- 
tated, although  this  was  urged  by  the  Surgeon  in  charge.  So  severely  was  he 
wounded  that  he  remained  confined  in  the  hospital  at  Marietta  for  six  months, 
having  been  for  six  weeks  in  the  field-hospital  before  his  removal  to  Marietta. 
At  the  end  of  that  time,  although  his  wounds  were  unhealed,  he  returned  to  his 
command.  Gen.  Johnston,  seeing  he  was  so  badly  disabled,  offered  him  his  dis- 
charge from  the  service,  but  he  refused  to  receive  it,  and  again  entered  upon  act- 
ive duty  'n  the  field  as  Chief  of  Artillery  on  Gen.  Strahl's  staff.  He  was  killed 
at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  on  the  30th  of  November,  1864.  His  horse  was  shot  from  un- 
der him  and  killed  just  before  he  was  killed.  Chaplain  Quintard,  now  Bishop  of 
Tennessee,  had  his  remains  buried  at  Ashwood.  No  braver  soldier  than  John 
Henry  Marsh  ever  went  upon  a  battle-field;  Tennessee  soil  was  never  wet  by  the 
blood  of  a  nobler  son  than  when  John  Marsh  poured  out  his  life-blood  in  defense 
of  the  Lost  Cause  at  that  carnival  of  death,  the  bloody  field  of  Franklin.  His 
gallantry  on  the  battle-field  was  of  the  noblest  type.  He  embodied  the  very  spirit  of 
chivalry.  It  was  with  a  feeling  of  exaltation  that  he  rushed  into  the  very  thick- 
est of  the  battle.  His  face  then  beamed  with  joy,  and  his  carriage  was  as  proud 
and  peerless  as  that  of  Henry  of  Navarre.  Upon  seeing  him  as  he  rode  amidst 
the  -;moke,  in  the  din  and  the  roar  of  battle,  one  was  instinctively  reminded  of 
Ney,  "the  bravest  of  the  brave."  In  him  was  exhibited  not  merely  courage,  but  a 
lofty  disdain  of  danger.  He  went  into  the  thickest  of  the  tight  not  only  with 
that  high  resolve  which  is  born  of  an  exalted  sense  of  duty,  but  with  an  enthusi- 


794  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


. 


asm  which  invented  the  battle-field  with  the  charm  of  a  festive  occasion.     To  him 

it  was  the  field  of  glory. 

The  battle  at  Franklin  had  now  become  a  slaughter-pen.     The  dead  men  were 
lying  around  Marsh  in  heaps.     Strahl,  his  gallant  General,  had  gone  down;  so  had 

Cleburne,  so  had  Jackson,  and  other  immortal  heroes  of  that  dread  hour.  They 
were  all  slain  amid  the  heaps  of  dead  at  the  breastworks.  Marsh  rode  a  whit-.' 
horse  on  that  last  ride  to  death.  While  his  comrades  were  falling  thick  and  fast 
around  him  on  that  terrible  night  when  horse  and  rider  were  "in  one  red  burial 
blent/'"  the  peerless  Marsh,  sans  peur  el  sans  rcproche,  pressed  on  into  that  holo- 
caust of  death,  shouting  as  he  rode,  *4ifos/j  on,  nvj  brave  fellows ;  (he  day  U  ours!" 
.  and  laughing  at  death  as  he  rode.  And  then  on  foot — his  horse  being  shot  from 
under  him — dealing  death  with  his  revolver  "to  right  of  him.  to  left  of  him,  in 
front  of  him."  he  still  pressed  forward  until  he  fell  as  the  ball  went  crashing 
through  his  brain.  He  fell  there,  swelling  the  already  swollen  heap  of  the  dead; 
fell  amidst  ond  as  one  of  those  immortal  heroes  who  in  the  darkness  of  that 
hour  died  in  the  light  of  the  blazing  gun  and  the  gleaming  sword.  No  nobler 
spirit  ever  went  up  to  the  God  of  battles  than  that  of  this  brave  soldier,  born 


on  Tennessee  soil,  and  offering  up  his  life-blood  for  his  native  land  in  what  he 
believed  to  be  the  defense  of  her  most  sacred  rights. 

Gen.  Bankhead  after  the  war  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Mem- 
phis, Tenn.,  where  in  the  year  1566  he  was  murdered  by  an  unknown  assassin. 
Nc  clew  to  the  murderer  was  ever  obtained.  Capt.  Scott  resumed  the  practice  of 
his  profession  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  where  subsequently  he  was  appointed  one  of 
the  Chancellors  of  Tennessee,  holding  the  Second  Chancery  Court  of  Shelby  coun- 
ty, at  Memphis.  At  the  end  of  his  term  of  office  he  resumed  his  practice,  and  in 
1875  removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  where  he  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession.  Lieut.  Peters  died  in  Memphis  early  in  1SG6.  Lieut.  Philips 
engaged  in  planting  in  Mississippi  for  several  years  afier  the  Avar,  and  then  re- 
moved to  his  native  State  and  home  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  where  he  now  resides, 
occupied  in  agricultural  pursuits.  Lieut.  Polk  became  a  physician,  and  is  now 
engaged  in  a  lucrative  practice  in  the  city  of  New  York,  where  he  has  already  at- 
tained to  prominence  and  established  an  enviable  reputation  in  his  profession. 


FREEMAN-HUGGINS   BATTERY. 

By  A.  L.  Huggins,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

This  company  was  formed  in  1861.  under  the  name  of  the  "Harding  Artil- 
lery," and  went  into  camp  at  Camp  Weakley,  near  Nashville.  Capt.  Montser- 
rat  was  understood  to  be  at  its  head,  but  he  was  never  with  it.  After  being  in- 
structed in  both  infantry  and  artillery  drill,  the  company  was  ordered  to  Knox- 

ville,  where  a  partial  organization  was  effected,  with  Ed.  Baxter, Baker,  and 

Sam  Freeman  as  Lieutenants;  and  A.  L.  Huggins,  Ed.  Douglass,  Trim.  Brown, 
Nat.  Baxter,  jr.,  James  Poster,  and as  Sergeants. 

After  a  few  days'  stay  at  Knoxville,  the  company  was  ordered  to  Mill  Springs, 
at  which  place  there  was  a  division  of  the  command  into  two,  one  part  of  which 
fully  organized  itself,  with  Ed.  Baxter  as  Captain,  Sam  Freeman  as  First  Lieuten- 


Regimehtal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         795 

ant,  A.  L.  Huggins  as  Second  Lieutenant,  Trim.  Brown  as  Third  Lieutenant,  and 
Ed.  Douglass  as  Fourth  Lieutenant. 

After  the  Fisning  Creek  disaster  the  battery  proceeded  to  Murfrecsboro,  Tcnn., 
with  the  rest  of  the  command.  Then  it  moved  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  and  was  on  the 
extreme  right  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh.  It  acted  with  the  army  in  its  movements 
about  Corinth,  but  did  little  fighting. 

The  company  was  reorganized  at  Corinth,  electing  the  same  officers,  with  the 
exception  of  Lieut.  Brown,  who  took  position  on  the  staff'  of  Gen.  J.  C.  Brown ; ' 
and  Nat.  Baxter  was  elected  Lieutenant.  From  Corinth  the  command  proceeded 
by  Tupelo  to  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  with  Gen.  Bragg's  army.  On  the  way  Capt. 
Baxter  was  transferred  to  post  duty,  and  Lieut.  Freeman  became  Captain,  the  oth- 
er commissioned  officers  being  promoted  accordingly. 

From  Chattanooga  Gen.  Bragg  entered  upon  his  Kentucky  campaign,  leaving 
the  Thirty-second  Alabama  Infantry  and  Freeman's  battery  behind  t*>  prevent 
depredations  upon  the  country  in  his  rear.  A  Federal  force  was  encamped  a  lit- 
tle distance  above  Bridgeport,  Ala.,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  and  soon  after  Gen. 
Bragg's  departure  our  battery,  having  (with  other  guns)  a  thirty-two-pounder, 
moved  to  the  river  and  opened  fire  on  the  Federals,  throwing  several  shells 
through  the  head-quarters  of  their  officers.  The  whole  command  hid  themselves 
in  the  hills  until  after  night-fall,  when  they  muffled  their  wagon-wheels  and  left 
the  place,  we  hurrying  their  movements  by  continued  firing.  The  next  day  we 
crossed  the  river  and  found  tents  standing,  and  quite  a  quantity  of  provisions,  sut- 
ler's stores,  etc.  In  August  we  proceeded  against  Fort  McCook,  having  an  en- 
gagement before  we  reached  there.  Lieut.-col.  Maury  gallantly  commanded  the 
Thirty-second  Alabama,  and  we  shelled  the  enemy  out,  capturing  a  considerable 
amount  of  small  arms,  ammunition,  etc.,  which  was  all  sent  to  Stevenson,  and 
down  the  railroad  in  some  box-cars  we  found  there.  From  Stevenson  the  com- 
mand moved  to  Tullahoma,  Tenn..  where  it  remained  for  some  time.  Thence  it 
went  on  to  Murfreesboro,  where  we  joined  Gen.  Forrest  at  the  time  when  Gen. 
Sam  Anderson  was  surprised  by  the  Federals  at  La  Vergne.  In  company  with 
Gen.  Forrest's  small  force,  we  hurried  off  to  La  Vergne,  meeting  panic-stricken 
men,  whose  appearance  was  any  thing  but  order  and  preparation  for  battle,  look- 
ing as  though  they  expected  the  enemy  upon  them  at  any  moment. 

Our  next  movement  was  in  connection  with  Gen.  Forrest  and  Gen.  Hanson's 
brigade  of  infantry,  in  the  vicinity  of  Nashville.  We  met  the  Federals  near  the 
Franklin  turnpike,  and  had  the  most  vigorous  artillery  duel  the  battery  was  ever 
in.  It  seemed  as  if  we  would  be  destroyed.  Federal  shot  and  shell  plowed  the 
earth  right  amidst  our  men,  horses,  guns,  and  caissons,  covering  us  with  dust  and 
dirt;  and  yet,  in  spite  of  the  danger,  which  was  imminent,  every  close  shot  from 
the  enemy  invariably  called  forth  some  jocular  remark  from  the  men.  Gen.  For- 
rest and  his  men  were  always  proud  of  the  battery  after  this  affair.  Believing 
that  we  were  going  to  capture  Nashville,  it  was  a  disappointment  to  us  when  or- 
ders came  to  abandon  the  effort;  and  returning  to  La  Vergne,  we  remained  in 
camp  until  moved  down  to  Columbia,  preparatory  to  a  raid  into  West  Tennessee. 

Leaving  Columbia  Dec.  11,  1SG2,  we  arrived  at  Clifton,  on  the  Tennessee  River, 
on  the  13th.  The  next  two  days  were  spent  in  crossing  into  West  Tennessee,  in 
which  we  used  an  old,  dilapidated  flat-bo U  for  the  artillery  and  wagons,  and  swam 
the  horses.     The  crossing  was  exceedingly  uncomfortable,  as  the  weather  wa:> 


796 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


rainy  and  cold,  but  when  over  we  moved  forward  at  once.  The  cavalry  met  the 
enemy  near  Lexington,  charging  them  and  eapttuaog  two  steel  guns,  and  driving 
them  in  the  direction  of  Jackson,  where  our  battery  was  brought  into  action,  forc- 
ing the  Federals  into  their  fortifications.  From  Jackson  we  pressed  on  to  Tren- 
ton, which  surrendered  after  some  lively  firing;  and  proceeding,  we  shelled  and 
captured  a  stockade  at  Kenton  Station.  Now  turning  to  retrace  our  steps  to  the 
Tennessee  River,  muddy  roads  and  bad  bridges  made  our  way  difficult.  Finding 
that  we  could  not  reach  the  river  without  a  light  with  a  large  force  of  the  enemy 
which  was  trying  to  cut  off  our  retreat,  we  stopped  and  had  one  good  night's  rest, 
the  first  we  had  had  since  crossing  into  West  Tennessee.  We  did  not  go  far  next 
morning  before  we  met  the  Federal  pickets.  A  few  shells  drove  the  advance 
lack  upon  their  main  line,  and  we  soon  got  into  position  for  what  proved  to  be 
one  of  the  hardest  contests  in  which  we  had  ever  engaged.  Dibrell's  regiment 
and  Iluggins's  sections  of  the  battery  went  at  a  gallop  through  an  obi  field  to  a 
little  knoll  twenty-five  or  thirty  yards  from  a  bodyof  timber  occupied  by  the  en- 
emy. Lieut.  Baxter's  gun  was  placed  on  the  crest  of  the  hillock,  and  at  once  be- 
gan to  pour  shot  and  shell  into  the  ranks  of  the  foe.  An  attempt  was  several 
times  made  to  charge  us,  the  enemy  coming  as  far  as  the  fence  dividing  the  field 
from  the  woods,  but  no  farther.  Baxter  and  his  men  appreciated  the  situation  of 
affairs,  and  veterans  in  service  could  not  have  done  better  than  they.  When 
charged  upon,  Baxter  would  pour  grape  and  canister  into  the  advancing  line, 
which  suddenly  and  effectually  checked  the  charge.  .  The  enemy  were  so  close  to 
us  that  Dibrell's  men  were  compelled  to  load  and  fire  lying  down.  At  this  crisis 
Lieut.  Baxter  did  the  loading  of  his  gun  of  our  battery  himself,  lying  upon  his 
back  and  ramming  the  charge  home.  Indeed,  every  man  had  to  keep  well  down; 
but  in  spite  of  this  the  firing  was  very  rapid.  Gen.  Forrest  desired  to  have  the 
guns  removed,  but  we  objected  to  making  the  effort;  and  this  was  right,  because 
the  rapid  firing  of  canister  soon  drove  the  Federals  from  our  front.  Among  the 
slain  at  the  fence  above  alluded  to  was  one  man  with  a  piece  of  rail  driven 
through  him,  the  rail  having  been  broken  by  a  cannon-ball,  and  sent  with  such 
force  as  to  pierce  his  body.  This  severe  experience  in  battle  seemed  to  have  a 
happy  effect  in  drawing  Dibrell's  command  and  our  battery  closer  to  each  other 
in  fellow-feeling,  since  "a  fellow-feeling  makes  us  wondrous  kind."  But  it  is  not 
improper  to  say  just  here  that  Gen.  Di'orell  labored  under  a  mistake  in  afterward 
reporting  that  the  gun  belonged  to  Lieut.  Douglass's  section,  when  it  was  of  Lieut. 
Huggins's  section,  who  remained  with  the  piece  in  the  tight,  using  a  Colt's  repeat- 
ing pistol,  as  Baxter  was  doing  all  that  could  be  done  with  the  gun. 

While  our  particular  conflict  was  raging  Gen.  Forrest  had  disposed  his  com- 
mand on  the  flank  and  rear  of  the  enemy,  so  as  to  impress  them  with  the  idea 
that  ours  was  a  much  larger  force  than  theirs,  and  the  result  was  a  hoisting  of 
white  flags  all  through  the  woods.  Then  our  troops  drew  a  long  breath  of  relief, 
feeling  that  we  had  gained  the  day;  but  before  we  had  the  Federals  half  disarmed 
there  suddenly  appeared  in  our  rear  a  large  body  of  the  enemy  in  line  of  battle, 
ready  for  an  apparently  more  vigorous  encounter  with  us  than  the  other  force  had 
had.  It  would  not  be  truthful  history  to  say  that  we  waited  for  this  engagement, 
and  the  order  of  our  going  was  certainly  not  thoroughly  military.  In  plain 
terms,  we  hastily  retreated  toward  the  Tennessee,  under  lire  of  the  Federal  artil- 
lery at  first;  and  having  driven  a  cavalry  regiment  of  the  enemy  out  of  our  way, 


Begimestal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        707 


Ave  readied  and  recrossed  the  river  at  the  same  point  where  we  passed  into  West 
Tennessee,  using  the  same  old  flat-boat  for  the  artillery  and  wagons,  and  swim- 
ming the  horses.  Our  passage  was  effected  without  hinderanee,  us  the  main  Fed- 
eral force  did  not  press  our  rear;  but  we  lost  no  time,  and  when  the  columns  of 
the  foe  appeared  on  the  bank  we  had  left,  we  shelled  them  for  a  time,  while  their 
sharp-shooters  kept  up  a  fire  at  us  from  behind  the  trees  over  there.  No  doubt 
any  good  soldier  will  confess  that  it  makes  him  more  nervous  to  be  a  target  for  a 
skilled  rifleman  than  to  be  in  the  midst  of  the  hottest  kind  of  a  general  engage- 
ment. 

It  is  a  pleasing  incident  to  record  that  on  the  morning  after  crossing  the  river 
Gen.  Forrest  came  to  the  camp  of  the  battery,  and  calling  for  Baxter,  compli- 
mented him  for  gallantry  on  the  field  at  Parker's  Cross-roads,  the  scene  of  the 
fight  just  described. 

About  Jan.  1st  lollowing  we  went  into  camp  of  refitting  and  rest,  near  Mount 
Pleasant,  Maury  county;  and  about  the  middle  of  the  month  Gens.  Forrest  and 
Wheeler  conjointly  moved  to  the  vicinity  of  Nashville  anil  down  to  the  Harpeth 
Shoals.  Two  transports  and  one  gun-boat  were  captured,  but  our  troops  suffered 
severely  from  the  bitterly  cold  and  disagreeable  Aveathc-r  of  midwinter.  After 
twelve  or  fifteen  days  our  Generals  led  their  forces  down  the  Cumberland  River 
to  make  an  attack  on  Dover,  which  was  done,  and  there  was  some  creditable 
fighting  by  the  command;  but  the  result  of  the  expedition  was  unsatisfactory, 
and  we  lost  some  brave  men,  among  others  Col.  Frank  McXairy,  an  amateur 
fighter.  The  next  day  after  the  attempt  upon  T)over  we  turned  toward  Charlotte. 
As  we  proceeded  amidst  the  hard  weather  Ave  were  compelled  to  make  a  vigorous 
movement  to  our  right  and  to  take  advantage  of  every  opportunity  of  roads,  val- 
leys, and  woods  to  avoid  a  large  force  of  the  enemy  which  had  been  sent  out  after 
us  under  Command  of  Gen.  Jeff.  C.  Davis.  After  a  severe  experience  we  crossed 
Duck  River  at  and  above  Centreville,  and  arrived  and  camped  at  Columbia. 
Shortly  after  Gen.  Van  Dorn  joined  us  with  his  command,  with  whom  Ave  passed 
up  to  camps  at  Spring  Hill,  from  which  place  Ave  had  frequent  small  rencounters 
Avith  the  enemy,  until  about  March  5tb,  when  Ave  had  a  sharp  affair  at  Thompson's 
Station,  on  the  Nashville  and  Decatur  railroad.  The  battery  did  excellent  service 
in  this  engagement,  and  the  cavalry  fought  equally  as  well  as  infantry  can  do. 
The  Federal-,  under  Gen.  Coburn,  acted  well,  but  they  were  surrounded  and  com- 
pelled to  surrender. 

Detached  fighting  Avas  the  order  of  the  day  for  some  time,  until,  learning  that  a 
large  body  of  the  enemy  Avas  on  its  Avay  to  attack  us,  Ave  fell  back  and  crossed 
Duck  River,  when  the  Federals  suddenly  retreated,  and  Ave  followed  them  to  Spring 
Hill,  camping  there  again.  ToAvard  the  last  of  March  Gen.  Forrest  took  part  of 
his  command,  with  two  of  our  guns,  and  captured  Brentwood  in  the  night,  or 
rather  about  day.  Col.  Starnes  took  charge  of  the  captured  property  and  the  pris- 
oners, while  one  of  our  guns,  in  company  Avith  the  Tenth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  hur- 
ried up  to  Franklin,  and  suddenly  appeared  before  a  stockade  guarding  the  bridge. 
The  demand  for  a  surrender  Avas  refused  until  a  shot  from  our  gun  crashed  through 
the  stockade,  when  Avhite  flags  AA-ere  quickly  hoisted.  "We  burned  the  stockade 
and  bridge,  having  captured  some  seventy  or  eighty  prisoners,  besides  wagons 
and  army  stores.  The  prisoners  proved  to  be  a  part  of  Coburn's  men  Avho  had 
escaped  in  the  affair  at  Thompson's  Station. 


79S  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

On  the  10th  of  April  following,  while  our  buttery  was  going  toward  Franklin 
on  the  Lewisburg  pike,  it  was  charged  upon  by  cavalry  and  captured.  "NVe  tried 
to  get  into  position  tor  tiring,  but  mir  horses  became  so  unmanageable  from  the 
tiring  and  yelling  of  the  Federals  that  the  enemy  was  on  us  before  we  could  make 
a  shot.  Cant.  Freeman,  Lieut.  Huggins,  Lieut.  Baxter,  and  twenty-five  or  thirty 
men  were  captured.  Capt.  Freeman  was  killed  after  he  became  a  prisoner.  The 
Fourth  U.  8.  Regulars  were  the  capturing  party,  but  whether  he  was  killed  by 
I  them  or  by  a  stray  shot  is  not  known. 

Capt.  Sam  Freeman  was  born  on  Stone's  River,  twelve  miles  from  Xashviile. 
He  was  educated  at  Franklin  College,  and  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Judge  Jack- 
son B.  White,  in  Nashville.  lie  was  climbing  the  ladder  of  success  in  his  pro- 
fession when  the  war  came  on.  He  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  the  com- 
pany he  afterward  commanded.  lie  made  a  fine  artillery  officer,  and  died  deeply 
regretted  by  the  battery  and  the  command  with  which  he  was  connected. 

As  the  enemy  did  not  get  any  of  the  pieces  off  of  the  field,  Lieuts.  Douglass 
and  Crudup  took  charge  of  the  battery,  and  had  it  prepared  for  service  as  soon  as 
practicable,  the  wheels  having  been  hacked  up  in  the  effort  to  cut  the  battery 
down.  During  Gen.  Forrest's  pursuit  of  Streight,  in  the  raid  of  the  latter,  the 
battery  was  with  Col.  Dibrell,  and  was  employed  in  demonstrations  against  trie 
enemy  to  prevent  him  from  following  Gen.  Forrest,  which  was  accomplished. 
Gen.  Dodsre,  thinking  we  had  a  large  force  and  were  striving  to  cut  him  off  from 
Corinth,  Miss.,  hurriedly  retreated,  destroying  much  property  of  the  citizens  as 
lie  retired. 

About  the  middle  of  May  the  whole  command  reassembled  at  Spring  Hill, 
Tenn.  Lieuts.  Huggins  and  Baxter  and  the  rest  of  the  company  having  been 
exchanged,  Lieut.  Huggins  reported  to  Gen.  Forrest  for  duty,  and  was  at  once 
placed  in  command  of  the  battery.  There  was  more  or  less  fighting  at  Franklin 
and  in  the  vicinity  until  the  last  of  June,  when  the  camp  was  broken  up,  and  we 
joined  the  main  army  at  Tullahoma.  Near  this  place  Col.  Starnes  was  killed 
while  out  on  the  skirmish  line.  His  loss  was  much  and  generally  deplored.  He 
was  a  brave  and  good  man,  and  our  company  had  been  associated  with  him  in  so 
many  engagements  we  were  very  much  attached  to  him. 

Small  affairs  in  the  rear  and  on  the  flank  of  the  army  occupied  our  time  until 
we  crossed  the  mountains  to  Chattanooga,  where  we  camped  for  a  short  while,  and 
then  in  July  recrossed  the  Tennessee  River  to  operate  in  East  Tennessee.  Gen. 
Forrest  was  reinforced  by  Pegram's  division  of  cavalry  and  Huwald's  battery. 
I    .  ,  An  incident  may  be  related  to  illustrate  artillery  practice.     Huwald's  men  were 

doin?  some  target-shooting,  and  Gen.  Forrest  ordered  one  of  Capt.  Huggins's  guns 
to  be  brought  up.  Huggins  sent  Lieut.  Baxter,  with  Sergt.  Porter  and  his  gun. 
Gen.  Forrest  sent  a  courier  for  Capt.  Hug'jrins  to  come  and  superintend  firing  the 
piece.  Sergt.  Porter  placed  and  gave  proper  elevation  to  the  gun.  Lieut.  Bax- 
ter and  Capt.  Huggins  were  satisfied  with  Porters  aim;  and  when  Maj.  Bawls, 
Chief  of  Artillery,  put  his  hands  on  the  regulating  screw  Capt.  Hoggins  caught 
them  and  lifted  them  off,  simply  saying,  u  Don't  touch  it."  When  the  piece  was 
fired  the  shell  exploded  at  the  target  a  few  feet  from  the  ground.  Gen.  Forrest 
was  highly  pleased.  It  is  not  improper  to  say  the  discipline  of  the  battery  was 
against  will  and  reckless  shooting,  the  Captain  contending  that  the  third  shot 
ought  always  to  be  near  the  p. not  aimed  at.     The  (irst  and  second  shots  might  go 


Regimental  Histories  and  "Memorial  Rolls. 


99 


over  or  fall  short,  but  the  failure  of  the  third  could  find  little  ground  of  excuse. 
Capt.  Huggin.s  thought,  on  this  account,  that  possibly  he  Und  the  best  shots  in  the 
army.  The  officers  were  required  to  excel  the  men,  and  to  give  their  personal 
assistance  in  places  of  extreme  danger.  Batteries  of  the  enemy  were  frequently 
run  from  their  positions  by  the  sixth  or  eighth  shot.  In  illustration  of  excellent 
shooting  may  be  mentioned  the  following  incident:  At  TuHahoma  A.  B.  Martin, 
acting  Sergeant,  made  a  remarkable  shot  with  a  three-inch  rilled  gun.  The  gun 
was  in  position  in  a  road  which  stretched  away  for  eight  hundred  yards  in  front 
without  a  turn.  At  the  other  end  of  this  straight  road  a  Federal  gun  was  in  po- 
sition for  service,  and  it  shot  twice  at  Martin's  gun,  when  lie  took  very  deliberate 
aim  and  struck  the  enemy's  piece  squarely  in  the  muzzle  with  a  solid  shot.  A 
short  while  after  the  Confederate  line  moved  up  and  took  the  ground  at  the  po- 
sition of  the  Federal  gun,  and  there  the  gun  lay,  split  nearly  into  two  parts. 

Gen.  Forrest  had  his  encampment  at  Kingston,  East  Term.,  until  the  last  of 
August,  engaging  in  various  comics  with  the  enemy,  when  we  rejoined  the  army 
under  Gen.  Bragg  at  Chattanooga.  We  passed  through  an  active  campaign  guard- 
ing the  rear  of  the  army  as  it  retired  into  Georgia,  being  engaged  at  many  places, 
such  as  Will's  Valley,  McLemore's  Cove,  Ringgold,  La  Fayette,  Alpine,  Dugs 
Gap,  Summerville,  Rome,  Daltor,  etc. 

On  September  IS  the  whole  army  was  concentrated  at  Chickamauga  River  for 
a  mighty  struggle.  Gen.  Forrest  was  ordered  to  develop  the  enemy  early  next 
morning.  This  gave  Iluggins's  battery  the  honor  of  firing  the  first  -mot  in  the 
battle  of  Chickamauga.  We  generally  fought  with  Gen.  Dibreli's  brigade,  in 
Gen.  Frank  Armstrong's  division,  and  Forrest  seemed  to  be  everywhere.  Gen. 
Pegram's  cavalry  dismounted  and  fought  with  us  that  day  as  infantry,  and  their 
gallant  conduct  gave  no  cause  for  shame.  Huwald's  and  Iluggins's  batteries  were 
placed  in  position  on  a  rocky  ridge  just  in  rear  of  our  lines,  between  Reed's 
Bridge  and  Crawfish  Springs.  The  strong  force  of  the  enemy  compelled  Gen. 
Dibrell  to  fall  back  to  the  ridge,  and  then  we  opened  on  them  with  shot  and  shell; 
but  they  still  pressed  forward,  coming  so  close  we  were  forced  to  resort  to  canister. 
About  this  time  Gen.  Armstrong  ordered  forward  his  other  brigade,  while  Wil- 
son's infantry  brigade,  of  Dibreli's  division,  was  added  to  the  force,  and  we  drove 
the  Federals  back  some  four  or  five  hundred  yards  to  a  strong  line  of  theirs. 
They  then  compelled  us  to  fall  back  over  the  same  ground,  but  we  brought  with 
us  a  captured  battery.  In  this  conflict  many  noble  men  strewed  the  earth,  to  rise 
no  more.  Gen.  Forrest  ordered  up  Ector's  brigade,  of  Walker's  corps,  and  formed 
it  on  Wilson's  right.  Gen.  Walker  sent  Govan's  and  Walthall's  brigades  to  the 
attack  with  sixteen  pieces  of  artillery,  which  gave  us  twenty-four  guns  and  about 
eight  thousand  infantry  and  dismounted  cavalry.  We  charged  through  two  lines 
of  battle,  capturing  prisoners  and  artillery.  Just  behind  the  second  line  there 
was  a  strong  third,  covered  by  temporary  breastworks  and  extending  beyond  our 
flanks.  To  prevent  them  from  partially  surrounding  us  we  beat  a  hasty  retreat; 
but  Gen.  Cheatham  came  to  our  relief  with  a  division  of  infantry,  and  the  battle 
raged  fiercely  for  hours,  each  side  contending  for  the  mastery. 

At  one  time  we  drove  them  nearly  a  mile,  when  they  were  again  sheltered  by 
breast  works  and,  being  reenforced,  they  took  the  ofiensive  and  drove  us  for  some 
distance.  Iluggins's  and  Huwald's  batteries  began  a  lire  of  canister  at  them,  and 
checked  their  onset  when  not  more  than  sixty  or  seventy  yards  distant.     Then 


800 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


we  stood  at  our  guns  with  the  troops  all  in  line  waiting  the  next  movement. 
About  night-fall  Gens.  Cleburne  and  Cheatham  formed  line  in  our  rear  and 
marched  to  the  front,  passing  through  our  command.  I  thought  the  men  were 
the  finest-looking  set  of  soldiers  I  had  ever  seen.  They  seemed  taller  than  usual, 
and  kept  a  perfect  line  of  march.  They  stepped  so  exactly  together  that  their 
movement  made  breeze  enough  to  stir  the  dry  leaves  on  the  ground  into  a  rustle. 
Then  we  anxiously  listened  for  a  few  minutes,  and  the  roar  of  musketry  and  ar- 
tillery came  with  a  most  startling  power.  Such  a  conflict  is  seldom  heard,  and 
the  result  was  they  routed  the  enemy  and  held  the  field,  but  with  heavy  losses. 
Many  brave  men  fell  in  this  contest,  among  them  Gen.  Preston  Smith,  Capt.  John 
Donelson,  and  ('apt.  Thomas  II.  King. 

But  our  work  was  not  done  by  a  great  deal.  On  the  20th  the  fighting  was  gen- 
eral along  the  lines.  Gen.  Forrest  was  on  the  right,  extending  his  line  from  Gen. 
Breckinridge.  The  Federals  seemed  to  hare  massed  their  heaviest  force  in  our 
front,  possibly  to  prevent  our  cutting  off'  their  retreat  in  case  of  defeat.  We 
did  hard  fighting,  but  could  not  break  their  line  for  want  of  sufficient  support. 
A  little  before  noon  Gen.  Ptegram  informed  Gen.  Forrest  that  Grainger's  com- 
mand of  four  or  five  thousand  troops  was  approaching  from  Kossville  to  effect  a 
junction  with  Gen.  Thomas.  Forrest  took  Armstrong's  division  and  lluqgins's 
battery  to  face  this  column,  and  eoon  became  hotly  engaged  with  them,  forcing 
them  to  the  west  somewhat;  but  they  joined  Thomas's  command  in  spite  of  us. 
For  several  hours  after  this  nothing  was  done  in  our  part  of  the  held,  which 
seemed  strange.  As  Gen.  Longstreet  was  closely  at  work  on  the  left,  it  appeared 
from  the  changing  sound  of  the  firing  that  he  was  gaining  ground.  After  con- 
siderable delay  the  right  wing  renewed  the  conflict,  with  Gen.  Forrest  still  on 
the  extreme  right  and  Gens.  Breckinridge,  Cheatham,  and  Cleburne  to  the  left  of 
us  in  the  o\r\ev  natned.  This  whole  line  participated  in  the  engagement,  which 
was  vigorous.  Forrest  moved  on  the  enemy  toward  the  Chattanooga  road,  and 
came  upon  a  strong  force,  with  six  pieces  of  artillery,  posted  behind  a  fence.  Hug- 
gins's  rifle  section  was  placed  in  position  to  command  the  enemy's  battery,  and 
Gens.  Armstrong  and  Dibrell  charged  them  gallantly  and  drove  them  several  hun- 
dred yards.  As  soon  as  their  artillery  left  position  our  battery  came  up  at  a  gal- 
lop and  occupied  their  ground  under  a  hot  tire  from  them.  Armstrong  and  Dib- 
rell again  pressed  forward,  ITuggins  pouring  shot  and  shell  into  the  Federal  lines. 
Dibrell  w*s  very  near  to  the  enemy's  battery  when  he  noticed  and  reported  to 
Forrest  that  our  infantry  was  falling  back,  uncovering  the  left  of  his  command. 
The  battery  was  ordered  back  to  a  ridge,  and  it  opened  so  energetic  a  fire  on  the 
advancing  force  that  it  was  checked  in  its  course.  Forrest's  front  not  beinq-  pressed 
just  then,  he  dashed  in  among  the  infantry  and  aided  the  officers  to  rally  the  men, 
which  was  quickly  done,  and  a  combined  forward  movement  ma.de,  in  which  everv 
officer  and  private  strove  to  excel  in  bold  and  effective  deeds  of  daring.  It  was  a 
grand  and  successful  display  of  fearless  devotion;  and  with  victory  all  along  our 
Confederal  lines,  as  the  light  of  day  departed  the  beaten  foe  hurried  over  Mis- 
sionary Ridge,  and  left  the  held  of  Chiekamauga  first  to  the  triumphant  shouts 
and  then  to  the  peaceful  slumbers  of  the  dauntless  soldiers  of  the  South.  We 
lay  down  to  rest  not  far  from  where  the  fighting  ceased;  but  the  boys  concluded 
to  make  tires,  and,  in  hunting  for  wood  in  the  darkness,  they  got  hold  of  several 
Federal  dead,  mistaking   them   for  logs,  their  dark-blue  uniforms  making  them 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         801 

look  like  logs  of  wood.     When  the  battery  was  parked  we  had  to  remove  dead 
bodies  before  we  did  it. 

It  may  be  remarked  just  here  that  in  that  day's  battle  we  captured  a  field 
hospital,  wMeh  showed  us  the  painful  side  of  the  picture  of  battle — men  wounded 
in  every  conceivable  way  by  all  the  implements  of  wrathful  war. 

Before  daylight  next  morning  Gen.  Forrest  was  ready  to  move,  and  after  sev- 
eral hours  we  inarched  along  under  the  crest  of  Missionary  Ridge.  That  night 
(Monday)  we  were  relieved  by  infantry,  and  we  left  the  front  and  rested  one  day. 

All  through  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  Lieuts.  Baxter,  Douglass,  and  Dempsy 
Crudup  so  acted  as  to  deserve  special  praise  for  their  coolness,  bravery,  and  fidel- 
ity to  duty;  for  their  determination  to  excel,  and  for  their  aid  of  the  men  at  the 
guns  in  the  most  dangerous  places.  And  too  much  cannot  be  said  in  comrneuda.- 
.  tion  of  the  promptness,  steadiness,  and  courage  of  the  men.  There  was  no  part 
of  the  service  which  better  exhibited  the  qualities  of  veteran  soldiers  than  the 
battery  of  which  this  is.  the  particular  record  J  and  they  are  so  worthy  of  good 
words  in  their  honor  that  a  quotation  is  here  made  from  a  letter  of  Gen.  Dibrell's 
in  correspondence  with  Capt.  Huggins: 

" Sparta,  April  11,  1883. 

"Capt,  A.  L.  Huggins — Dear  sir:  You  ought  to  invite  the  battery  up  in  full. 
Ho  battery  or  company  in  the  service  did  more  hard  fighting  and  sustained  a 
brighter  record  than  did  your  gallant  company.  .  .  .  Yours  truly, 

"(Signed)  G.  G.  Dibrell." 

We  started  into  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  with  the  finest  set  of  artillery  horses 
I  ever  saw,  nearly  all  being  matched  carriage-horses  that  Maj.  Severson  procured 
in  Georgia.  The  infantry  Generals  and  men  looked  with  astonishment  and  ad- 
miration when  the  battery  came  by,  questioning,  "  Whose  battery  is  that?"  Gen. 
Armstrong  said  he  had  never  seen  its  equal  in  the  old  or  new  service.  {He  be- 
longed to  the  United  States  Army  before  the  war.)  But  shot,  shell,  and  Minie- 
balls  played  havoc  with  those  beautiful  animals. 

After  resting,  as  before  stated,  we  moved  to  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  and  began  oper- 
ations against  the  commands  of  Woolford  and  Byrd,  at  Charleston.  To  get  in 
front  of  them  so  as  to  command  their  artillery,  Muggins's  battery  had  to  pass 
through  an  open  field  under  their  fire  a  distance  of  four  hundred  yards.  Before 
starting  Capt.  Huggins  had  his  drivers  examine  the  harness,  and  he  saw  that  ev- 
erybody and  every  thing  were  in  their  places.  We  started  at  a  gallop,  and  se- 
cured position  on  the  hill  in  their  front  without  a  single  casualty  either  from  their 
battery  or  small  arms.  Gen.  Forrest  had  already  selected  our  position  for  us.  and 
we  began  firing  at  once.  As  before  in  many  cases,  we  drove  their  artillery  off  in 
a  short  time.  They  said  that  our  guns  were  superior  to  theirs,  but  the  truth  was 
that  our  gunners  were  superior.  Our  cavalry  dashed  across  the  field  tinder  cover 
of  our  battery,  and  then  we  hurried  up  and  joined  in  general  pursuit  toward 
Loudon,  with  a  running  fight  nearly  to  that  place.  We  then  returned  to  Cleve- 
land and  went  into  camp. 

At  this  point  we  were  deprived  of  the  leadership  of  Gen.  Forrest,  who,  being 
ranked  by  Gen.  Wheeler,  retired  from  our  command  and  went  west,  where  he  did 
splendid  service  until  the  close  of  the  struggle.  He  petitioned  for  Dibrell's  bri- 
gade and  Huguins's  battery  to  go  with  him,  which  at  tirst  was  agreed  to,  but  subse- 
quently refused,  much  to  his  and  our  regret. 
51 


802  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


We  learned  that  Woolford  was  at  Sweet  Water  with  his  cavalry,  with  no  near- 
er support  of  infantry  than  Loudon;  so  on  October  19  we  crossed  Hiawassee  Rivcr 
late  in  the  day,  and  marched  all  night  to  attack  him.  lie  had  gone  to  Philadel- 
phia, some  miles  nearer  Loudon,  and  we  fallowed  on,  and  when  we  came  in  range 
Huggins's  battery  opened  fire  and  the  cavalry  charged  upon  him.  Woolford  en- 
deavored to  escape  with  his  men,  but  our  command  captured  between  live  hun- 
Sdred  and  a  thousand  prisoners,  a  battery,  and  a  large  number  of  ambulances, 
wagons,  horses,  mules,  and  the  entire  camp  as  it  stood,  with  tents  up,  fires  burn- 
ing, and  rations  cooking.  We  then  went  into  camp  at  the  MeGee  farm,  on  the 
Tennessee  River,  and  remained  several  days.  Here  Gen.  Wheeler  joined  us 
under  whom  we  moved  on  the  enemy  again,  as  he  was  camped  near  Maryville. 
We  marched  at  night,  and  reached  Maryville  at  daylight,  immediately  attacking 
the  Federals  and  capturing  more  than  two  hundred  men,  besides  horses,  etc.,  and 
forcing  them  back  to  Knoxville,  fighting  all  the  way.  We  crossed  the  Holston 
TUver  below  the  city,  and  aided  in  the  siege  with  Gen.  Longstreet,  doing  consider- 
able shelling,  but  with  what  effect  I  could  not  say. 

December  1st  Gen.  Armstrong's  division  was  ordered  out  on  the  road  toward 
Cumberland  Gap,  where  we  met  some  Federals  near  Maynardsville,  and  had  a 
light  engagement.  On  the  following  morning  we  found  the  enemy  gone,  but  pur- 
sued and  came  up  with  him,  Dibreli's  cavalry  charging  pell-mell  down  a  Barrow 
defile  covered  with  ice.  Near  the  foot  of  the  mountain  we  had  a  lively  encoun- 
ter, and  finally  drove  the  Federals  across  the  Cliucky  River.  Dick  Allison  was 
killed  here.  He  was  a  noble  fellow  who  had  slipped  through  the  enemy's  lines 
at  Nashville  and  joined  Dibreli's  brigade.  The  weather  was  now  very  cold,  and 
the  roads  were  frozen  and  rough.  Word  came  that  the  siege  of  Knoxville  had 
been  raised.  Having  buried  Dick  Allison  (a  brave  and  true  man)  in  Grassy  Val- 
ley, we  moved  higher  up  in  East  Tennessee,  and  from  time  to  time  had  various 
rencounters  with  parties  of  Federals  at  Bean's  Station,  Mossy  Creek,  Panther 
Springs,  Dandridge,  etc.  We  continued  this  character  of  conflict  in  January, 
13G4,  along  the  French  Broad,  Chucky,  and  Pigeon  rivers,  at  Fair  Gardens,  about 
Newport,  etc.,  having  a  very  active  campaign  in  one  of  the  coldest  winters,  with 
scanty  clothing,  but  with  few  complaints. 

In  March  our  command  left  East  Tennessee  by  way  of  Asheville,  N.  C,  through 
the  sublime  mountain  scenery  of  the  "Old  North  State."  Nature  here  presented 
a  succession  of  views  of  the  wildest,  most  wonderful  beauty  and  grandeur.  It 
made  us  feel  as  if  we  had  suddenly  awoke  from  sleep  and  found  ourselves  amidst 
the  Alpine  glory  of  Switzerland. 

Lieut.  Douglass  having  resigned  on  this  trip,  Sergt.  Andrew  B.  Martin  was 
elected  to  fill  his  place.  This  officer  first  served  the  Confederate  cause  in  the  Sev- 
enth Tennessee  Infantry  as  Third  Lieutenant;  then  he  was  Assistant  Adjutant- 
general  on  Gen.  Hatton's  staff;  was  then  transferred  from  Virginia  to  Tennessee, 
where  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  our  battery  some  weeks  before  the  battle  .of 
Murfreesboro;  afterward  continued  with  us  in  our  various  experiences  until  the 
Army  of  Tenne-.-ee  was  in  front  of  Atlanta  on  its  retreat  through  Georgia,  where, 
without  solicitation  on  his  part,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  as  Assistant  Adjutant- 
general  on  Gen.  Dibreli's  staff.  lie  never  missed  a  fight  in  which  the  battery 
was  engaged  while  he  was  with  it.  In  the  spring  of  1SG-5  lie  was  transferred  to 
Geu.  Joseph  Wheeler's  staff,  and  was  surrendered  and  paroled  at  Charlotte,  N.  C. 


Eegimextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


803 


Our  buttery  passed  from  Asheville  to  Greenville,  S.  C. ;  then  to  Marietta,  Ga., 
and  joined  the  main  army  around  Dalton.  After  a  little  rest  we  began  active  op- 
erations at  the  front  north  of  Dalton,  fighting  first  with  McCook's  division  near 
Varneli's  Station,  and  capturing  Gen.  Lagrange  and  between  two  and  three  hun- 
dred men.  Some  days  later  Gens.  Wheeler  and  Hind  man  attacked  a  force  of  the 
enemy,  but  failed  to  move  them  until  Dibreli's  brigade  and  Huggins's  battery 
were  ordered  on  the  flank,  when  the  Federals  fell  back  from  the  held.  On  the 
retreat  of  Gen.  Johnston  the  battery  was  engaged  in  fighting  with  cavalry  far: 
of  the  time  at  Dalton  and  Calhoun,  and  at  Resaca  we  had  a  severe  engagement. 
On  the  night  of  the  evacuation  of  Resaca  Capt.  Huggins  was  placed  in  command  ■ 
of  the  artillery  to  cover  the  retreat,  his  force  consisting  of  his  own  company  and 
some  infantry  artillery.  Lieut.  Baxter  commanded  our  battery.  It  was  a  dole- 
ful, weird  time,  late  in  the  night,  every  man  at  his  post  expectant,  the  guns  ready 
for  action,  not  a  word  spoken  above  a  whisper — now  and  then  a  picket-shot,  once 
in  awhile  the  roar  of  musketry  from  a  whole  line  at  an  imaginary  foe.  Finally 
the  infantry  were  safely  over  the  Oostanawla  River,  or  so  nearly  so  that  it  fraa 
safe  for  us  to  move,  which  we  did  quietly,  like  specters,  through  the  gloom. 

All  along  the  line  of  retreat  through  Georgia  the  battery  was  more  or  less  en- 
gaged, ns  at  Calhoun,  Carlinsville,  Xew  Hope  Church,  Dallas,  near  the  Kennesaw 
Mountain,  Marietta,  in  crossing  the  Chattahooche  River,  and  at  Roswell  Factory. 

As  an  incident  of  the  war  I  will  mention  that  in  a  fight  with  the  Fourth 
L'nited  States  Regulars  James  A.  Neeld,  of  Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  one  of  our  best 
men,  was  killed  by  a  saber-thrust.  This  occurred  at  Rome,  Ga.  Probably  the 
largest  number  of  deaths  from  saber  wounds  during  the  war  were  of  men  belonging 
to  our  battery. 

Summer-time  came,  and  Gen.  Hood  superseded  Gen.  Johnston.  We  were  in  an 
engagement  at  Dallas,  and  went  thence  to  Stone  Mountain,  having  a  hard  fight, 
and  Dibreli's  and  Huggins's  commands  receiving  praise  for  gallantry  and  daring. 
Lieuts.  Baxter  and  Crudup  handled  their  sections  splendidly.  Gen.  Kelly,  who 
was  commanding  our  division,  notified  us  that  a  large  force  was  marching  to  our 
rear,  and  we  were  ordered  to  fall  back  to  Conyers.  While  here  Gen.  Stoneman 
made  a  circuit  around  us  and  moved  toward  Macon,  and  we  wished,  but  were  not 
allowed,  to  pursue  him.  Capt.  Huggins  remained,  in  command  of  batteries,  while 
Lieut,  Baxter,  in  charge  of  our  battery,  accompanied  Gen.  Williams,  who  was 
sent  after  Stoneman  and  captured  him.  The  battery  did  effective  service  in  the 
battle  when  Gen.  Stoneman  was  captured.  Baxter  was  wounded  through  his  right 
shoulder. 

We  accompanied  Gen.  Wheeler  on  his  raid  into  Middle  Tennessee  in  August, 
18G4,  having  a  heavy  fight  on  the  way  at  Dalton,  Ga.,  in  which  we  drove  the  en- 
emy into  their  fortifications,  and  would  probably  have  captured  the  command, 
but  as  we  learned  that  reinforcements  were  on  the  way  to  relieve  the  Federals, 
Gen.  Dibrell  withdrew,  under  orders,  after  losing  several  men.  "We  proceeded 
toward  Tunnel  Hill,  skirmishing  with  a  large  force  until  our  wagon-train  could 
get  out  ot  the  way  of  danger.  It  is  laughable  to  recall  how  the  wagoners  hurried 
and  crowded  forward  to  prevent  their  being  left  behind  and  captured,  supposing 
the  enemy  in  our  rear.  They  whipped  up  their  teams  as  if  for  dear  life,  and.  I 
am  not  sure  that  s^me  wagons  and  teams  were  not  abandoned.  We  ero-sed  the 
Uiawassee  River  above  Charleston,  Tenn.,  and  continued  our  march  by  Maryviile 


804  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


to  Strawberry  Plains,  and  met  a  force  of  Federals,  which  we  drove  to  Knoxville. 
Then  we  marched  across  the  mountains  by  Post  Oak  Springs  to  Sparta,  in  .Middle 
Tennessee,  moving  on  and  capturing  block-houses  at  Smyrna  and  other  places, 
reaching  the  vicinity  of  Nashville,  and  passed  out  of  this  portion  of  the  State  1  y 
way  of  Franklin,  Spring  Hill,  etc.  Gen.  Riley  was  wounded  and  left  at  a  farm- 
house, where  he  afterward  died.  We  crossed  the  Tennessee  River,  and  pushed 
forward  to  meet  Gen.  Sherman's  advance  in  Georgia.  We  could  not  check  his 
advance,  but  did  prevent  damage  to  some  extent  by  activity  on  his  flanks.  We 
did  some  fighting  near  Macon,  in  Middle  Georgia,  and  near  Griswold  we  had  a 
vigorous  combat  with  Kilpatrick.  Gen.  Wheeler  followed  him  up,  and  came  to 
an  engagement  at  daylight.  Dibreli's  brigade  charged  the  enemy,  driving  him 
to  some  temporary  works,  and  changing  position  to  the  left,  charged  again  and 
routed  the  foe.  We  overtook  the  Federals  again  at  a  church  called  Bnekhead, 
and  drove  them  before  us,  but  they  tore  up  the  bridge  over  Buekhead  Creek  to 
gain  time.  Gen.  ^Wheeler,  however,  used  the  benches  of  the  church  to  fit  up  the 
bridge,  so  that  we  crossed  without  much  loss  of  time.  Dibreli's  brigade  and  Hug- 
gins's  battery  were  ordered  to  get  in  the  rear  of  the  enemy,  and  we  struck  their 
picket  line  and  drove  it  on  the  main  body  protected  by  piles  of  rails,  with  a  large 
field  in  their  front.  They  used  their  artillery  and  small  arms  on  us  with  spirit, 
but  our  reinforcements  came  up  on  their  left  and  forced  them  back,  while  we  fol- 
lowed until  it  was  too  dark  to  accomplish  any  thing,  especially  as  we  had  been 
fighting  all  day,  and  were  tired. 

Some  days  after  this  we  had  an  engagement  with  the  Federal  cavalry  at  Waynes- 
boro, in  which  Gen.  Dibreli's  old  regiment,  the  Eighth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  was 
in  advance,  and  it  held  the  foe  in  check  until,  supported  by  infantry,  they  charged 
and  drove  us  to  the  north  side  of  town,  where  the  Eighth  and  our  battery  poured 
ball  and  shell  into  them  and  compelled  them  to  fall  back,  until  Col.  McLemore's 
command  could  remount  their  horses — as  they  had  been  fighting  on  foot.  Then 
we  quietly  withdrew  without  being  pursued. 

Huggins's  battery  now  took  the  cars  preparatory  to  getting  into  Savannah  for 
its  defense  against  Sherman.  On  the  way  we  were  impressed  with  the  fact  chat 
prisoners  of  war  fare  badly  in  the  hands  of  men  who  know  nothing  of  true  sol- 
dierly qualities.  Militia  and  the  "bomb-proof"  sort  had  offered  indignities  to 
some  Federal  prisoners  who  were  being  moved  to  keep  out  of  Sherman's  way,  at 
Thomasville.  When  we  came  we  made  them  presents  of  tobacco  and  other  things, 
and  they  seemed  delighted  to  see  soldiers  from  the  front. 

Capt.  Muggins  reported  to  Gen.  Hardee  in  Savannah,  and  was  placed  on  Gen. 
'  Jackson's  staff'  as  Chief  of  Artillery.  Lieut.  Baxter  took  command  of  the  battery, 
which  he  handled  like  an  old  regular,  keeping  the  enemy  driven  back  from  his 
immediate  front.  Capt.  Huggins's  command  embraced  about  four  miles  of  de- 
fenses. Gleaves  McWhirter  and  Eli  Holmes  acted  as  couriers,  and  they  were  two 
as  fearless  boys  as  ever  lived,  carrying  orders  through  all  manner  of  dangerous 
places  without  hesitation.  Capt.  lluggins  devoted  his  time  to  the  defen-es, 
strengthening  them  and  putting  batteries  in  position  at  threatened  points.  But 
Savannah  became  untenable,  and,  perfecting  arrangements  so  as.  to  send  away 
what  guns  we  could  manage,  the  Savannah  Kiver  was  crossed  on  a  pontoon  bridge, 
Huegins  remaining  to  the  last  minute  to  spike  all  pieces  that  we  had  to  leave. 
This  done,  he  followed  the  forces  into  South  Carolina,  and  the  army  proceeded 


^  ^J-z 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


805 


up  the  river,  stopping  occasionally  to  throw  up  earth-works  in  expectation  of  gun- 
boats— but  none  came.  In  this  latter  work  the  cavalry  aided  with  the  pick  and 
shovel,  and  did  it  well,  although  it  was  unusual  duty  for  them. 

We  proceeded  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  and  camped.  In  a  short  while  the  remnants 
of  Hood's  army  arrived,  and  soon  all  the  forces  moved  toward  North  Carolina,  by 
way  of  Columbia  and  other  places  in  South  Carolina,  and  were  with  Gen.  John- 
ston in  the  last  operations  of  the  Confederates  in  the  spring  of  1865.  They  sur- 
rendered to  the  Federals  at  G  reensboro,  N.  C. ;  and,  turning  our  guns  over  to  the '•fi- 
nance department,  we  drew  what  rations  we  could  conveniently  carry,  and  started 
for  our  western  homes.  We  avoided  every  place  on  our  way  where  there  was  a 
Federal  command,  except  Asheville,  N.  £,  which  point  we  could  not  get  around. 
The  reason  of  our  avoidance  of  Federal  commands  was  that  we  understood 
they  would  deprive  us  of  our  horses;  but  at  Asheville,  by  Lieut.  Baxter,  Dr. 
Crompton,  and  Capt.  Huggins  making  intercession,  we  were  allowed  to  pass  un- 
molested. We  passed  around  all  places  considered  dangerous  in  this  re;-peet  as 
we  proceeded,  leaving  Knoxville  to  our  right,  crossing  the  river  below  that  city, 
passing  through  Sequatchie  Valley,  over  the  mountains,  avoiding  McMinnvilio, 
and  coming  down  the  Cumberland  Plateau  by  Hickory  Cove.  There  the  com- 
mand divided,  one  part  going  to  Lincoln  county,  another  moving  toward  Nash- 
ville, and  others  seeking  their  various  homes.  Twelve  miles  from  Nashville  our 
party  reached  the  residence  of  Capt.  Huggins's  sister,  where  we  rested  awhile,  bad 
refreshments  for  men  and  horses,  and  then  bid  each  other  a  soldiers  last  fare- 
well. 

Since  that  eventful  period  the  men  of  that  command  have  conducted  them- 
selves like  the  Confederate  soldiers  generally,  with  the  propriety  becoming  citi- 
zens of  the  country,  and  as  a  rule  they  have  been  prosperous  in  business. 

In  closing  this  sketch  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  every  man  deserving  special 
mention,  such  as  Sergeants  Jim  McCullough  and  11.  A.  Allison,  brave  and  grand 
soldiers  as  they  were,  cannot  be  entered  upon  the  record  by  name.  Many  of  them 
suffered  the  supreme  result  of  a  soldiers  dangerous  life,  and  lie  in  unmarked  graves; 
while  others,  after  twenty  years  have  come  and  gone,  are  in  positions  of  trust, 
honor,  and  usefulness,  among  the  most  valued  members  of  society. 


JACKSON'S  BATTERY— CARNES'S    BATTERY— MAR- 
SHALL'S BATTERY. 

By   L.    G.    Marshall,    Cynthiana,    Kv. 


Jackson's  Battery". 
A  SINGLE  field  battery  bore  during  the  war  the  names  of  its  three  commanders 
in  succession  as  a!x>ve  given.  For  two  months  or  more  at  the  beginning  of  its 
career  it  was  even  a  heavy  battery,  organized  in  May,  1861,  and  manned  by  the 
thronging  volunteers  from  various  parts  of  the  State  of  Tennessee;  and  at  the  in- 
stance of  Gen.  Pillow  it  was  stationed  at  Randolph,  thirty-three  miles  above  Mem- 
phis, on  the  east  bauk  of  the  Mississippi,  and  equipped  witli  siege-pieces  to  com- 


806  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

\  ■  ; 

ni and  the  stream  at  that  {joint.     Here,  under  the  skilled  instruction  of  Col.  |  aft- 
erward Lieutenant-general)  A.  P,  Stewart,  the  men  became  expert  in  handling 
-     heavy  guns  and  in  the  company  drill.     Its  first  commander  was  Lieut.  Robert 
Sterling,  of  Jackson,  Tenn.,  appointed  by  Col.  (afterward  General)   John  P.  M;- 
•  Cown,  commandant  of  the  post.     Lieut.  Sterling  was  succeeded  in  the  comman.i 

by  Lieut,  (afterward  Captain)  John  W.  F.  Stewart,  of  Memphis,  a  brother  of 
Gen.  Stewart.  Neither  Sterling  nor  Stewart  held  the  command  more  than  a  few 
weeks,  the  latter  being  succeeded  about  August  10,  1861,  by  Capt.  (afterward  Gen- 
eral) W.  IL  Jackson;  and  on  the  12th  of  August,  by  order  of  Gen.  Pillow,  the 
company,  then  named  Jackson's  Battery,  was  moved  up  the  river  to  New  Madrid, 
Mo.,  transformed  into  a  light  battery,  and  equipped  accordingly.  It  had  a  full  com- 
plement of  horses  and  harness,  four  six-pounders,  one  twelve-pounder  howitzer. 
and  one  nine-pounder  James's  rilled  cannon.  The  heavy  pieces  at  Randolph  were 
soon  removed  to  Fort  Pillow,  fifteen  miles  above,  and  formed  part  of  the  arma- 
ment of  that  place. 

At  New  Madrid  the  drill  of  field  artillery  was  begun  at  once  under  the  prac- 
ticed and  exacting  eye  of  Capt.  Jackson,  who  even  at  West  Point  was  distinguished 
for  his  military  bearing  and  soldierly  qualities.  The  progress  of  the  men  in  man- 
ual dexterity  and  in  the  management  of  horses  was  rapid.  The  battery  was  pres- 
ently nimble  and  active  as  possible,  and  though  something  seemingly  huge  to  the 
unmilitary  observer  it  could  act  on  the  field  easily,  gracefully,  and  effectively. 
The  men,  it  is  true,  were  already  acquainted  with  the  somewhat  analogous  drill 
of  the  heavy  battery,  but  their  quick  success  was  mostly  due  to  the  qualities  of 
their  Captain,  and  to  the  valuable  aid  rendered  by  Lieut,  (afterward  Captain  W. 
W.  Carries,  a  native  of  Memphis,  who  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  battery  a  day 
or  two  after  its  arrival  at  New  Madrid,  and  who  had  just  left  the  United  States 
Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  one  month  before  his  intended  graduation. 
The  high  order  of  discipline  here  inaugurated  under  Capt.  Jackson's  administra- 
tion was  maintained  in  this  command  to  the  end  of  the  war,  for  the  battery  was 
always  on  the  line  when  there  was  a  line.  It  participated  in  all  the  general  ac- 
tions of  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  and  in  hundreds  of  skirmishes,  till  captured  by 
assault  near  Salisbury,  N.  C,  on  the  10th  day  of  April,  1865,  It  never  lost  its 
identity,  though  through  the  casualties  of  war  all  its  guns  were  twice  changed,  all 
its  horses  lost,  and  every  man  who  belonged  to  the  company  at  Randolph  in  1861 
had  disappeared  except  two,  when  the  battery  finally  succumbed.  The  personnel 
of  the  battery  and  the  materiel  might  change— indeed,  did  change  more  than  once 
almost  totally,  but  never  so  suddenly  nor  so  extensively  as  not  to  leave  traditions 
of  a  character  to  control  the  new-comers,  both  men  and  otiieers.  From  first  to 
last  between  three  hundred  and  four  hundred  men  were  enrolled  in  the  company, 
but  as  the  battery  never  rested  for  the  sake  of  rest,  nor  was  held  in  reserve,  dis- 
ease, death,  and  desertion  demanded  fifty  or  sixty  victims  annually. 

While  at  Randolph  about  eighty  men  belonged  to  the  battery,  of  whom  per- 
haps twenty  were  from  Marion,  Grundy,  and  Franklin  counties,  and  the  re^t  from 
Memphis  and  its  vicinity.  Oi'  the  officers  Capt.  Jackson,  though  a  native  of  Jackson, 
Tenn.,  had  just  returned  from  service  with  the  First  Mounted  Riiles  in  New  Mexico, 
having  resigned  his  position  in  the  United  States  army  to  support  the  South  in 
the  impending  civil  war;  Lieut,  (afterward  Captain)  Robert  Sterling  was  a  rail- 
road engineer  of  Jackson,  Tenn.;  Lieut.  John  W.  F.  Stewart  was  a  classical  teacher 


Regimental  Histoeies  and  Memokial  Rolls.         807 

of  Memphis;  Lieut.  Wm,  O.  Moses  was  from  Lebanon,  Tenn.  Of  the  non-commis- 
sioned officers  Orderly  Sergeant  Day  was  from  St.  Louis;  Sergeants  James  Bailey, 
William  Gilliam,  and  John  Thompson  were  from  the  vicinity  of  Tracy  City,  and 
had  been  merchants  and  miners;  Sergeant  Roe  (who  afterward  became  an  effi- 
cient Captain  of  seouts)  was  from  Lebanon;  Sergeant-major  L.  G.  Marshall  was 
from  Memphis,  where  for  two  years  he  had  been  a  political  writer  on  the  Mem- 
phis Daily  Enquirer  t  and  still  before  Professor  of  Ancient  Languages  in  the  Masonic 
College  of  Clarksville,  Tenn.  A  full  supply  of  Corporals,  whose  names  the  writ- 
er regret?  he  cannot  recall,  completed  the  staff  of  non-commissioned  officers.  A  11 
these  officers,  except  Capt.  Jackson,  unless  we  are  mistaken,  held  their  appoint- 
ments from  Gen.  McCown,  subject  to  proper  confirmation. 

Luring  the  occupancy  of  Randolph,  Dr.  William  II.  Russell,  the  noted  war 
correspondent  of  the  London  Time*,  called,  in  company  with  Gen.  Pillow;  and 
while  some  artillery  practice  with  the  great  barbette  guns  was  exhibited  for  his 
entertainment,  one  of  them  recoiled  so  violently  against  the  chocks  as  actually  to 
rise  from  the  trunnion-beds,  and,  revolving  on  its  base  to  the  rear,  dismount  itself 
and  fall  to  the  ground.  The  battery  men  found  that  they  were  not  yet  above  mis- 
takes. 

On  or  soon  after  the  arrival  at  New  Madrid  twenty  or  thirty  more  men  were 
added  to  the  battery.  Finis  E.  White,  of  Paris,  Tenn.,  was  transferred  from  the 
Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment  (Col.  Travis)  and  appointed  Orderly  Sergeant,  and  re- 
mained a  valuable  and  efficient  officer  for  years.  Sergeant  Day  was  assigned  to 
duty  in  the  quartermaster  department.  Lieuts.  Stewart  and  Moses  were  assigned 
to  important  duty  elsewhere,  Stewart  being  promoted  to  Captain  of  ordnance, 
which  position  he  held  till  his  death,  in  1864.  First  Lieutenant  W.  W.  Carnes, 
as  before  stated,  was  assigned  to  the  battery  while  here;  so  also  Second  Lieuten- 
ant (formerly  Doctor)  Jones;  and  Sergeant-major  L.  G.  Marshall  was  promoted  to 
First  Lieutenant  of  artillery.  Thus  the  commissioned  officers  in  August,  1861, 
were:  Captain,  W.  II.  Jackson;  First  Lieutenant,  Robert  Sterling;  First  Lieuten- 
ant, W.  W.  Carnes;  First  Lieutenant,  L.  G.  Marshall;  and  Second  Lieutenant, 

Jones.     During  the  following  month  four  more  Lieutenants  were  added — 

namely,   Lewis  Bond   (afterward  Captain  of  ordnance),  of    Brownsville;  James 

M.  Cockrill,  of  Nashville;  R.  E.  Foote,  of  Nashville;  Brown  (a  son  of  Hon. 

Milton  Brown),  of  Jackson,  Tenn.  Men  and  officers  were  enthusiastic,  and  de- 
termined to  acquit  themselves  as  well-drilled  soldiers  and  devoted  patriots.  New 
men  continued  to  be  enrolled  nearly  every  day,  and  when,  on  the  5th  of  Septem- 
ber, the  battery  was  ordered  to  embark  for  Columbus,  Ky.,  the  command  num- 
bered probably  not  less  than  a  hundred  and  thirty  men.  A  landing  was  made  at 
Hickman,  Ky.,  fifteen  miles  below  Columbus,  and  early  next  morning  two  Federal 
gun-boats  hove  in  sight  above,  and  seemed  inclined  to  pass  or  attack  the  camp. 
The  guns  were  placed  in  battery  on  the  bluff,  and  a  lively  bombardment  began  on 
both  sidtts.  The  distance,  however,  was  too  great,  and  the  boats  refused  to  ap- 
proach nearer,  as  the  James's  rifled  gun,  directed  by  Lieut.  Sterling,  cast  its  shot 
unpleasantly  close;  so  nothing  more  was  accomplished  than  to  give  the  men  their 
first  view  of  an  actual,  resisting,  armed  enemy.  The  generous  citizens  of  Hick- 
man warmly  complimented  the  battery  men,  and  said  they  had  repulsed  the  ene- 
my gallantly  and  splendidly.  The  Confederate  gun-boat  "Jackson"  steamed  out, 
bearing  its  part  in  the  fight,  ami  at  night  moored  under  the  bluff"  on  which  was 


808  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

established  the  James's  riile,  which  was  considered  an  honor  to  the  prowess  of  chat 
r  piece,  for  the  river  was  infested  with  hostile  craft  of  larger  si/.e.     Xext  day  the 

battery  began  its  march  to  Columbus  over  rough  country  roads,  and  arrived  at  its 
destination  on  the  7th  of  September.  The  people  along  the  route  were  hopeful, 
buoyant,  exultant.  They  believed  we  were  equal  to  any  thing.  They  wished  to 
aid  us,  and  esteemed  it  a  privilege  and  an  honor  to  walk  alon^  with  us  and  sup- 
ply us  with  the  choicest  food  they  possessed,  with  the  most  delicious  fruits,  and  ail 
without  requiring  us  to  take  the  trouble  of  entering  their  houses  or  to  lose  time 
by  pausing  in  the  march,  for  it  was  thought  the  enemy  was  also  hastening  to  oc- 
cupy Columbus.  It  reminded  one  of  the  Roman  Consul  Nero,  who  made  the  des- 
perate march  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  miles  in  six  days,  from  the  south  of  Italy 
to  the  river  Metaurus  in  the  north,  to  attack  Ilasdrubal  before  he  could  make  a 
junction  with  his  brother  Hannibal,  when  the  people  stood  by  the  road-side  on  the 
route,  fed  and  watered  the  troops  without  stopping,  carried  their  baggage  and 
arms,  and  loaned  them  all  kinds  of  conveyance.  The  patriotism  of  those  Roman 
people  bore  fruit  in  success,  but  some  of  our  old  battery  men  who  made  the  floff- 
ery  march  from  Hickman  to  Columbus  lived  to  see  the  day  when  on  the  march 
they  had  to  take  food  for  both  men  and  horses  by  force  of  arms,  though  not  within 
the  limits  of  the  State  of  Tennessee,  so  far  as  we  are  informed. 

Having  arrived  at  Columbus,  the  battery — now  becoming  well  known  as  Jack- 
son's— was  encamped  in  the  fair-grounds  on   the  high  bluff  north   of  the  city. 
Here  drill  by  piece  and  battery  continued  as  more  new  men  were  received.    Nine 
Lieutenants  of  artillery — five  more  than  could  have  separate  positions  in  the  com- 
I  mand — now  belonged  to  the  battery;  but  all  except  Cames,* Marshall,  Bond,  and 

Cockrill  were  before  long  put  into  other  responsible  situations.  The  high  stand- 
ard of  discipline  maintained  and  the  energetic  military  instructions  given  in  Jack- 
son's Battery  rendered  it  a  very  desirable  school  for  young  officers,  especially  as 
time  was  short  and  a  crisis  at  hand. 

Exactly  two  months  after  the  occupation  of  Columbus — that  is,  on  November  7 
— at  9  o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  battery,  having  received  orders  the  previous 
night,  was  drawn  in  column  ready  to  march  at  a  moment's  notice,  and  the  drivers 
mounted,  all  expecting  to  start  for  Bowling  Green  with  a  large  portion  of  the 
army,  when  artillery  firing  on  the  river  announced  the  beginning  of  the  action 
now  known  as  the  battle  of  Belmont.  The  march  for  Bowling  Green  was  post- 
poned, and  the  battery  soon  received  orders  to  move  clown  to  the  landing  at  the 
river's  edge  in  Columbus,  and  cross  over  in  an  immense  steamer  lying  there  for 
that  purpose.  The  boat  was  soon  loaded  with  infantry  and  artillery  under  the 
orders  of  Gen.  Polk  (Gen.  Johnston  had  already  gone  to  Bowling  Green),  and 
swung  to  the  other  shore,  the  battle  by  this  time  raging  heavily,  for  other  troops 
had  gone  over  by  other  means,  especially  Cheatham's  and  Pillow's  commands. 
But  the  great  transport,  bearing  fifteen  hundred  infantry  and  two  field  batteries — 
Polk's  and  Jackson's — was  unable  to  make  good  her  landing.  The  heavy  gang- 
plank was  thrown  to  the  shore;  but  the  boat,  dropping  with  the  current,  precipi- 
tated the  bridge  into  the  river  before  any  thing  more  than  a  few  officers  with  their 
horses  had  stepped  across.  The  boat  therefore  put  back  to  the  Columbus  side  to 
procure  another  gang-plank,  the  shot  of  the  enemy  meantime  peppering  the  upper 

•  The  best  known  field  batteries  of  the  Western  armies  of  the  Confederacy  appear  to  have 
been  Robertson's,  Cumes's,  Cobb's,  and  Slocum's. 


C^PT    L.G    M  A.-  SHALL 


\APJ    M.  W.  CARN  E  5. 


>-       '       £       '_  - 


3& 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Kolls.         S09 


works,  but  wounding  nobody.  Gen.  Polk  stood  at  the  water's  edge  as  the  boat  ap- 
proached, and  said,  "  Do  n't  land  that  boat/'  supposing  the  crossing  was  about  to 
be  abandoned.  The  loss  of  the  gang-plank  was  explained,  and  another,  but  in- 
ferior one,  was  obtained,  and  the  huge  transport  returned  and  disembarked  the 
t  infantry  and  finally  the  two  batteries.  But  it  was  now  getting  late  in  the  even- 
ing, and  Cheatham  and  Pillow  had  driven  the  enemy  to  their  boats  several  miles 
above,  though  the  camp  of  the  Sixteenth  Louisiana  was  taken  and  destroyed. 
"Neither  battery  had  an  opportunity  to  open  fire,  but  Melanehthon  Smith's  battery 
did  some  tine  practice  directly  across  the  river  in  support  of  Cheatham's  Hank 
movement. 

It  should  also  be  mentioned  that  when  the  transport  failed  to  effect  a  landing 
at  the  first  trial  Capt.  Jackson,  being  determined  not  to  be  too  late,  committed  his 
battery  to  the  Lieutenants,  and  reported  to  Gen.  Pillow  for  duty  in  the  mid.-t  of 
the  action.  The  General  desired  to  know  what  he  was  there  for.  Jackson  replied, 
"I  wish  to  act  as  your  aid,  sir,  the  boat  having  failed  to  land  the  battery."  Pil- 
low had  enough  for  him  to  do,  and  soon,  in  the  execution  of  one  of  his  commis- 
sions, the  Captain's  horse  sunk  to  the  ground  riddled  with  balls;  and  the  Captain 
himself  thought  a  stick  punched  him  as  his  horse  fell,  but  directly  found  that  he 
had  a  ball  in  his  side.  It  was  three  months  before  he  was  again  fit  fur  duty;  nor 
could  the  ball  ever  be  extracted,  nor  even  located. 

During  the  night  succeeding  the  battle  the  battery  returned  to  Columbus,  and 
there  remained  camped  on  the  low  ground  near  the  railroad  depot  till  after  the 
fail  of  Fort  Douelson,  in  February,  1862,  when  it  moved  with  the  army  to  Cor- 
inth, Miss. 

Carnes's  Battery. 

Shortly  after  the  arrival  here  Capt.  Jackson  was  promoted  Colonel  of  cavalry; 
Lieut.  W.  W.  Carnes  was  promoted  Captain  of  artillery,  and  held  the  command 
till  December,  1863,  when  he  was  assigned  to  duty  under  his  commission  as  Lieu- 
tenant in  the  regular  Confederate  States  Navy.  Henceforth — that  is,  from  about 
March,  1802,  till  December,  1803,  a  period  of  little  less  than  two  years — the  bat- 
tery was  known  by  the  name  of  its  new  commander;  and  from  its  incessant  activ- 
ity, not  to  say  efficiency,  "'Carnes's  Battery"  became  a  name  familiar  to  everybody 
in  the  army. 

Under  Capt.  Carnes's  administration  Lieuts.  Foote  and  Brown  were  soon  as- 
signed to  duty  elsewhere,  and  only  ihree  of  the  former  Lieutenants  remained — 
namely,  Marshall,  Bond,  nnd  Cockrill.  Sergeants  of  piece  were:  Vanvleck,  Bai- 
ley, Gillam,  Thompson,  AVilson,  and  Day;  Quartermaster  Sergeant,  Allen;  Order- 
ly Sergeant,  Finis  E.  "White.  The  names  of  the  six  Corporals,  Color-bearer, 
Trumpeter,  and  of  others  well  worthy  of  mention,  we  regret  to  say,  are  not  re- 
membered, but  all  knew  their  duties  well.  The  battery  was  equipped  with  six 
guns,  seventy-five  well-drilled  men,  and  upward  of  a  hundred  horses.  Of  the 
seventy-five  men  perhaps  fifty  were  Tennesseans,  eight  or  ten  from  Arkansas,  a 
few  from  Mississippi,  Kentucky,  and  Georgia;  a  few  deserters  from  Grant  at  Bel- 
mont; a  few  Germans  and  Irish.  Of  the  Irish  it  is  only  justice  to  say  that  the 
army  had  no  better  soldiers  while  on  active  duty. 

The  battery  camped  on  an  eligible  spot  three  miles  north  of  Corinth,  on  the 
Purdy  road.  It  was  winter.  The  water,  food,  forage,  and  air  should  have  been 
good,  but  not  one  of  these  prime  essentials  to  the  well-being  of  man  ami  beast 


810  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


awaited  the  army  at  Corinth.  On  the  gently  elevated  ground  where  the  battery 
stood  you  could  dig  a  hole  two  feet  deep  anywhere,  and  clear  hut  terribly  unwhole- 
some water  would  babble  up.  Every  me^  had.  its  own  well  right  in  its  tent,  if 
there  was  a  tent.  Springs  aud  branches  there  were,  but  all  just  like  the  shallow 
well-water.  The  effects  of  this  condition  of  air,  food,  and  water  were  soon  appar- 
ent. The  horses  deteriorated  in  spite  of  the  industry  of  the  faithful  groom  and 
the  skill  of  the  farrier.  They  almost  refused  water  and  forage.  The  hair  disap- 
peared from  their  limbs  wherever  the  seemingly  acrid  mineral  mud  became  at- 
tached to  them  on  the  road,  however  carefully  washed  off  at  night.  The  men 
were  not  much  better  off  than  the  horses.  Several  of  them  born  and  raised  in 
the  pure  air  of  the  mountain  counties  were  unable  to  stand  the  combination,  and 
were  buried  in  the  dark,  clamp  woods  of  the  vicinity.  We  would- gladly  record, 
and  so  preserve,  the  names  of  these  luckless  patriots,  who  were  denied  the  privi- 
lege of  falling  in  glorious  combat — if  fall  they  must — and  had  to  die  so  obscurely; 
but  even  their  names  are  lost,  or  cherished  only  in  the  silent  affection  of  those 
who  are  concerned  neither  about  history  nor  historian. 

When  the  battle  of  Shiloh  began,  on  April  C,  the  battery  had  for  a  few  weeks 
been  under  the  orders  of  Brig.-gen.  Charles  Clark,  of  Mississippi.  As  the  battery 
contained  six  pieces  and  only  seventy-live  men,  the  General  declined  to  allow  the 
artillery  to  accompany  his  brigade,  more  especially  because  he  had  another  bat- 
tery with  a  full  complement  of  men.  Both  men  and  officers  felt  solitary  and  half 
offended  when  the  different  commands  moved  off;  for  although  marching  orders 
were  withheld  for  good  reasons,  those  reasons  could  not  then  be  appreciated.  The 
Cantain  went  to  head-quarters  at  Corinth  to  see  if  orders  to  march  could  bv  anv 
possibility  be  obtained.  It  was  impossible,  and  one  objection  being  the  paucity 
of  men,  Capt.  Carnes  requested  Col.  Olodowski,  Chief  of  Ordnance,  to  allow  him 
to  turn  two  of  his  guns  over  to  the  department.  This  being  permitted,  he  sent 
two  of  his  pieces  to  the  depot,  and  then,  totally  without  orders  aud  on  his  own 
responsibility,  ordered  his  command,  early  the  next  morning,  to  march  for  the 
battle-ground,  twenty-five  miles  distant.  The  battery  moved  rapidly,  and  between 
2  and  3  o'clock  in  the  evening  arrived  on  the  iield  just  as  the  firing  ceased  on 
both  sides.  The  Captain  was  bitterly  chagrined  at  not  being  enabled  to  take  a 
more  active  part  in  that  great  conflict.  But,  in  fact,  as  much  artillery  was  on  the 
ground  as  could  be  utilized;  and  though  at  one  time  during  the  first  daws  fight- 
I    •  ing  eighty  of  the  enemy's  guns  were  in  possession  of  the  Confederates,  the  latter 

were  not  able  to  bring  off  a  single  one  of  them.  On  the  return  march  the  battery 
was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  rear-guard,  and,  following  all  the  other  artillery  and 
wagons  over  ground  saturated  with  recent  rains,  performed  some  service  if  not  as 
brilliant  as  cannonading  the  enemy,  yet  quite  as  essential  to  the  safety  and  honor 
of  the  army. 

The  roads  were  the  worst  possible.  The  night  after  the  second  day's  fight  was 
passed  in  silence  by  the  contending  armies,  separated  by  an  interval  of  only  five 
miles.  It  had  been  rainy  weather  for  weeks,  and  now  rain  fell  heavily  during  the 
night  of  the  7th,  and  also  on  April  8  and  9.  The  battery  was  two  days  making 
its  way  back  to  camp,  a  distance  of  twenty-live  miles.  No  roads  could  be  followed, 
and  the  army  on  its  return  marched  with  a  front  at  least  ten  miles  wide,  and  yet 
traveled  in  a  quagmire  of  excoriating  mud.  A  graid  many  of  the  horse.s  and 
some  of  the  men  were  never  the  same  after  this  abominable  ordeal. 


Eegimfntal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        811 

During  the  remaining  stay  at  Corinth,  Carncs's  Battery,  having  been  assigned 
to  Erig.-gen.  Daniel  S.  Donelson's  brigade,  passed  most  of  the  time  on  picket, 
where  the  line  of  works  crossed  the  Purdy  road,  about  three  miles  north  of  the 
railroad  crossing.  The  health  of  men  and  animals  continued  bad,  but  when  the 
army  retired  to  Tupelo,  Miss.,  the  situation  was  greatly  improved,  though  even 
this  place  was  deficient  in  good  water.  Here  several  of  the  men  were  affected 
with  scurvy.  For  the  first  time  a  few  desertions  occurred,  and  there  was  disgust 
at  the  service. 

Late  in  July,  however,  orders  were  received  to  move  to  Columbus,  Miss.,  pre- 
paratory to  an  advance  into  Kentucky.  Gen.  Bragg  had  promised  in  general  or- 
ders to.  "throw  his  banner  to  the  breeze;"  and  now  new  energy  was  infused,  and 
even  sickness  was  heard  of  no  more  in  the  battery.  On  arriving  at  Aberdeen  a 
rich  and  varied  banquet  set  by  the  citizens  awaited  the  column.  At  Macon,  a 
station  on  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  railway,  the  guns  were  placed  upon  the  train  for 
Mobile;  and  thence  by  the  Alabama  River,  with  remvigOrating  change  of  air  and 
scenery,  the  men  were  wafted,  luxuriously  as  it  seemed  to  them,  three  hundred 
miles  to  Montgomery;  and  thence  again  by  rail  three  hundred  miles  more  to 
Chattanooga,  among  the  mountains.  The  horses,  freed  from  the  carriages,  were 
taken  across  the  country,  with  equal  benefit  to  themselves,  in  charge  of  Lieut. 
Cockrill. 

On  July  27  Carnes's  Battery  encamped  in  Chattanooga,  about  two  hundred 
yards  west  of  the  Read  House,  then  called  the  Crutchfield  House,  on  ground  well 
shaded  with  native  forest-trees,  but  now  densely  covered  with  business  and  manu- 
facturing establishments.*  Buoyant  health  and  great  expectations  were  legible  in 
every  countenance  and  were  signified  in  every  act.  '"The  banner  was  on  the 
breeze."  The  battery  now  reported  to  Brig.-gen.  Daniel  S.  Donelson,  Cheatham's 
division,  Polk's  corps,  Army  of  Tennessee.  Notice  the  slight  distinction  of  names 
of  the  armies.  "The  Army  of  ike  Tennessee7'  was  Federal,  while  ''The  Army  of 
Tennessee"  was  Confederate. 

On  August  19  the  battery,  with  the  rest  of  the  corps,  crossed  the  Tennessee 
River  by  a  ford  near  Harrison,  twelve  miles  above  Chattanooga,  and  the  long,  ex- 
ultant march  into  Kentucky  began.  The  column  crossed  Walden's  Ridge,  passed 
through  Pikeyilie,  crossed  Cumberland  Mountain,  halted  a  day  or  two  near  Sparta, 
resumed  the  march  and  crossed  the  Cumberland  River  near  Gainesboro  at  a  ford 
which  was  approached  by  a  road  running  over  very  precipitous  blufls;  thence  on 
to  Tompkinsville,  Ky.,  where  some  fine  artillery-horses  were  procured;  thence  on 
to  Glasgow,  where  a  halt  of  two  days  was  made — not  for  rest,  for  every  thing  was 
in  better  plight  seemingly  than  when  the  march  began,  but  to  pay  off  arrears,  and 
perhaps  for  other  reasons. 

From  Glasgow  the  column  took  the  Bardstown  pike,  and  made  steady  progress 
at  the  rate  of  twenty  miles  per  day;  arrived  at  Munfordville  after  dark  on  the  16th 
of  September,  and  the  batteries  of  the  army  were  so  parked  as  to  cover  at  a  mo- 
ment's notice  the  Federal  fort  on  the  other  side  of  the  river,  garrisoned  by  four 
thousand  one  hundred  men.  The  fort  surrendered  without  a  sliOt  at  2  o'clock  the 
next  morning.  On  the  17th  the  march  was  resumed  as  if  for  Louisville;  but  for 
some  reason,  after  an  advance  of  some  miles  had  been  made,  the  column  returned 
to  the  vicinity  o(  Munfordville,  and  passed  a  second  night  on  the  same  ground. 
However,  on  the  next  day  the  column  proceeded  regularly,  as  before,  on  the  Lou- 


812  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


isville  road,  and  passing  through  Bardstown  went  into  camp  fur  a  feu"  days  Lhree 
or  four  miles  east  of  that  place.  Sergt.  A.  Yanvleck  was  now,  on  recommenda- 
tion of  Capt.  CarneSj  promoted  Second  Lieutenant  of  artillery,  and  Dr.  Hat.  her 
reported  to  the  battery  for  duty  as  Surgeon,  no  special  medical  officer  having  be- 
fore tn>en  assigned  to  this  command. 

Abundant  and  excellent  supplies  of  every  sort  and  the  bracing  air  of  Kentucky 
had  put  men  and  horses  in  the  best  possible  condition.  The  advance  northward 
seemed  to  have  reached  its  limit.  The  wear  and  tear  of  the  long  journey*  were 
quickly  made  good  as  if  for  the  battle  of  Perryville,  now  in  the  near  future.  The 
battery  moved  over  the  fine  roads  to  Danville,  thence  to  Harrodsburg  on  the  7th 
of  October,  where  the  men  bivouacked  under  the  pleasant  shade-trees,  and  at  mid- 
night took  up  the  march  for  Perryville,  twelve  miles  distant,  arriving  there  at 
day-break.  The  citizens  thronged  about  the  army,  and  the  excitement  was  in- 
tense. The  column  had  passed  quite  through  the  little  town,  and  about  I1"'  o'clock 
in  the  morning  had  to  return — at  I e :1st  Polk's  corps — to  the  east  side  on  the  Harrods- 
burg road  and  about  half  a  mile  from  Perryville.  Gen.  Doneison  ordered  the 
fence  to  be  thrown  down  on  the  right  side  of  the  road  as  the  traveler  proceeds 
from  Harrodsburg  to  Perryville,  and  the  column  to  enter  the  field.  The  posi- 
tion to  be  occupied  was  approached  over  very  rough  ground,  which  ro<e  to  a  con- 
siderable height  about  a  mile  from  the  entrance  into  the  field,  and  on  this  ele- 
vation was  the  line  of  battle.  Carnes's  Battery  was  placed  in  line  on  the  crest  of 
the  ridge,  and  began  the  battle  by  a  very  rapid  fire  on  the  enemy's  front,  which 
was  in  plain  sight  about  eight  hundred  yards  off.  All  the  artillery  on  both  sides 
seemed  to  open  fire  presently,  and  though  Gen.  Bragg  was  a  veteran  of  the  cele- 
brated battle  of  Buena  Vista  in  Mexico,  he  described  the  roar  of  artillery  on  this 
occasion  as  '"surpassing  any  thing  of  the  kind  within  his  knowledge  or  experi- 
ence." In  this  position  the  guns  of  the  battery  were  each  fired  four  times  a  min- 
ute for  about  forty-five  mraUles.  Three  horses  were  killed,  but  no  casualties  oc- 
curred among  the  men.  Orders  were  received  to  cease  firing  and  withdraw  the 
battery,  in  order  to  take  a  more  advantageous  position.  Time  was  even  given  to 
feed  the  horses  under  slight  cover  in  a  neighboring  depression  of  ground.  Gen. 
Bragg  flitted  along  the  line,  well  satisfied  with  the  bearing  of  the  men.  About 
two  o'clock  in  the  evening  orders  were  given,  at  the  solicitation  of  the  Captain,  ;o 
take  another  position  a  mile  and  a  half  to  the  right  of  the  first.  The  movement 
began  at  once,  and  so  steep  was  the  ground  just  before  reaching  the  intended  spot 
— which  was  a  ridge,  and  this,  too,  encumbered  with  a  high  fence  running  longitu- 
dinally along  its  top — that  the  infantry,  at  the  order  of  Gen.  Polk,  who  always 
appeared  at  critical  moments,  had  to  actually  push  the  gun-carriages  against  the 
horses,  and  even  to  help  the  horses  themselves  up.  The  battery  was,  howtver. 
moved  into  its  place,  brought  into  line,  unlimbered,  and  put  in  action  just  a  boat 
as  quick  as  if  the  ground  had  been  level.  But  the  range  was  too  great,  and  after 
a  few  volleys  orders  were  given  to  limber  up  and  advance.  The  roar  was  deafen- 
ing, and  Capt.  Carnes  and  his  Lieutenants  had  to  literally  push  the  Corporals  from 
the  trails  to  permit  the  execution  of  the  order.  An  advance  of  about  half  a  mile 
was  made  over  ground  moderately  descending,  and  exposed  to  the  full  blast  of  the 
enemy's  batteries,  which  were  also  advancing  in  quest  of  a  better  position.  Bui 
Carnes's  Battery  descended  the  slope,  and,  before  the  enemy  could  unlimber  their 
more  advanced  pieces,  arrived  on  the  summit  of  the  slight  intervening  ridge, 


..Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls,        813 


which  was  crowned  by  a  rail  fence  on  the  left  running  perpendicular  to  the  direc- 
tion of  movement,  and  terminating  at  a  frame  barn  perhaps  two  hundred  yards 
distant  from  the  left  piece,  while  on  the  right  front  of  the  ridge  a  stone,  wall  sup- 
plemented the  rail  fence  and  sheltered  the  advance  of  the  Confederate  infantry. 
The  battery  went  into  line  at  a  trot,  unlimbered,  and  began  firing  while  the  ene- 
my's more  advanced  detachments  were  doing  their  best  to  get  ready.  The  latter  pret- 
ty gallantly  unlirnbered  in  the  hollow  where  they  were,  and  returned  Carney's  fire 
with  spirit.  Lieut.  Cockrill  had  dismounted  and  hitched  his  fine  gray  behind  the 
frame  barn  on  the  left  but  a  shot  came  through  the  barn  and  took  off  the  animal's 
hind  leg.  The  horse  remained  hitched,  and  only  broke  loose  when  the  battery  re- 
tired, and  then  he  tried  to  follow  his  old  comrades.  The  cannoneers  had  some 
cover,  as  the  guns  stood  on  a  slight  ridge,  and  the  casualties  were  only  two.  Cor- 
poral Jones  had  his  left  leg  taken  off  at  the  knee  by  a  cannon-shot.  Dr.  Hatcher, 
Surgeon  of  the  battery,  tied  the  severed  arteries  in  five  minutes  after  the  wound; 
but  the  shock  was  too  great,  and  he  died  that  night.  Private  Dukes,  from' Ruth- 
erford county,  Tenn.,  was  permanently  crippled  by  a  cannon-shot,  and  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  on  the  return  to  his  native  State.  The  battery  iutd 
exhausted  all  its  solid  shot  and  shell  during  the  day,  and  after  sundown  tried  can- 
ister; but  orders  were  given  to  retire  the  artillery,  and  the  infantry  continued 
the  action  an  hour  or  two  longer.  The  lattery  bivouacked  on  the  field  al  out  a 
mile  from  the  last  position,  and  calling  the  roll  Sergeant  White  found  that  a  good 
many  of  the  men  could  not  hear,  having  disregarded  the  direction  given  in  the 
tactics — namely,  to  turn  the  face  toward  the  muzzle  of  the  piece  when  discharged, 
so  as  to  bring  the  ears  equally  near  the  origin  of  the  concussion.  They  soon  re- 
covered, and  became  more  prudent.  The  night  was  disagreeably  cool,  and  the 
men  lay  down  to  rest  without  fire  or  rations;  but  still  all  were  cheerful  and  happy. 
They  knew  they  had  honored  themselves  and  the  service  during  the  day.  Their 
battery  had  achieved  celebrity  in  the  last  twelve  hours,  and  members  of  the  com- 
mand, when  recognized,  were  treated  with  marked  attention.  Compliments,  oral 
and  printed,  were  lavished  upon  them,  and  the  honorable  position  won  at  Perry- 
ville  was  maintained  till  the  close  of  the  war.  Carnes's  name  became  identified 
with  this  early  distinction,  and  in  subsequent  years  "Carnes's  Battery"  was  the 
popular  designation  of  the  command,  w  hether  Jackson's  or  Marshall's  was  meant. 
It  is  proper  here  to  observe  that  in  the  movement  to  the  right  just  preceding 
the  battle  Carnes's  Battery  became  detached  from  Donelson's  brigade  by  a  m>>- 
mentary  delay  in  passing  through  a  gate.  Just  then  an  officer  of  Gen.  Wood's 
staff  approached  Gens.  Bragg  and  Polk,  standing  near,  when  Capt.  Carne^  was 
called  to  them  and  ordered  to  go  with  the  officer — Alaj.  Judson,  as  remembered — and 
report  to  Gen.  Wood.  Thus  the  battle  was  opened  (for  Carnes's  Battery  took  the 
initiative  in  the  general  action,  so  far  as  the  line  was  concerned)  in  front  of  and 
in  support  of  Wood's  brigade.  Artillery  support,  however,  was  also  soon  ren- 
dered by  Calvert's,  by  Lumsden's,  and  by  Slocum's  batteries.  All  were  relieved 
within  an  hour,  and  Stanford's  rifled  guns  occupied  the  position,  the  better  to  reach 
the  enemy,  now  too  distant,  and  also  u>ing  rifled  cannon.  It  is  proper  also  to  say 
that  the  last  po-ition  taken  was  by  consent  rather  than  by  order  of  Gen.  Polk. 
Col.  Wharton,  of  the  Texas  Piangers,  had  suggested  the  position  on  the  steep  ridge, 
and  wry  effective  work  was  done  there  for  a  few  minutes;  but  soon  the  enemy's 
long-range  ritled  guns  began  to  play,  when  Carnes  requested  of  Gen.  Poik  to  be 


814  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


allowed  to  move  forward.  The  General  said:  "You  came  here  without  orders, 
and  seem  to  have  done  good  work  bo  far.  You  can  act  as  you  think  best,  sir/' 
Gen.  Doneison,  speaking  of  the  circumstance  afterward,  sa  id  pleasantly:  '"Noth- 
ing succeeds  like  success.  It's  all  right  with  your  commanding  Generals  now, 
since  the  unauthorized  movement  succeeded;  but  if  you  had  failed,  or  got  into 
trouble,  you  would  all  have  been  dismissed  for  acting  without  orders."  The  ene- 
my's ritled  cannon  sent  a  Parrot  shot  through  the  hub  of  the  right  piece,  cutting 
off*  and  clinching  the  axle,  so  that  the  wheel  dragged  as  if  locked;  but  a  captured 
piece  of  the  same  caliber  supplied  its  place. 

Next  morning  the  sun  rose  brilliantly,  and  the  march  began  for  Harrodsburg. 
The  battery  attempted  to  carry  along  one  of  the  enemy's  guns  which  had  been 
taken,  and  as  this  was  more  than  the  teams  were  prepared  for,  Gen.  Cheatham 
took  an  ax  and  chopped  down  one  of  Carney's  disabled  guns,  and  so  enabled  him 
to  carry  off  the  captured  piece,  which  was  preferable.  In  the  evening  the  battery 
retnrned  to  Harrodsburg,  and  the  men  took  a  nap  under  the  same  trees  that  had 
sheltered  them  two  or  three  days  before. 

Next  day  the  march  was  continued  to  Camp  Dick  Robinson,  where  the  battery 
halted  five  days.  Then  the  march  was  resumed,  double  columns  occupying  the 
road;  and  thus  the  trains,  said  to  be  forty  miles  lonir,  passed  through  Lanoa-ter, 
Mount  Vernon,  London,  Barboursville,  Cumberland  Gap,  Tazewell  (Tenn.),  Mar- 
nardviile.  On  the  evening  of  October  2o  the  battery  camped  three  miles  north 
of  Knoxville,  and  on  that  night  the  snow  fell  to  the  depth  of  eight  inches.*  A 
halt  of  three  weeks  was  here  made  to  recuperate.  The  march  had  been  rapid, 
and  latterly  through  a  region  of  country  destitute  of  supplies.  Man  and  beast 
had  suffered.  Horses,  after  hard  pulling  all  day,  had  to  put  up  with  five  eari  of 
corn  at  night  and  five  in  the  mornimr,  without  fodder  or  any  sort  of  ''roughness.-' 
Men  called  at  the  forage-wagons  and  offered  a  dollar  for  an  ear  of  corn,  a  trade 
which  of  course  could  not  be  permitted.  Gen,  Hardee  reprimanded  a  Lieutenant 
of  artillery  for  allowing  the  wheels  of  the  gun-carriage  to  squeak,  but  recalled  his 
reprimand  on  learning  that  the  country  did  not  afford  lubricating  material  enough 
to  silence  the  unearthly  noise.  Serious  disaster  would  no  doubt  have  befallen  the 
column  had  not  Gen.  Bragg  ordered  supplies  to  be  sent  from  Knoxville  to  meet 
the  army  at  Cumberland  Gap. 

The  enemy  gave  up  the  pursuit  after  the  column  passed  Barboursville,  though 
attacks  had  never  done  more  than  provide  the  rear-guard  with  an  agreeable  ex- 
citement; but  bush-whackers  stole  around  the  woody  hills  and  bluffs  firing  into 
the  column  till  a  general  officer,  without  halting,  ordered  some  picked  cavalry-men 
to  surround  the  nest  of  skulkers;  and  this  order  was  so  effectually  obeyed  that 
five  of  the  wretches  apologized  by  permitting  themselves  to  be  hanged  near  the 
road-side. 

On  the  10th  of  November  Carnes's,  Scott's,  and  Melanchthon  Smith's  batteries 
without  the  accompaniment  of  infantry,  resumed  the  march  for  Middle  Tennessee, 
which  they  made  by  way  of  Sequatchie  Valley  and  Jasper,  crossing  Cumberland 

*This  movement:  wax  the  be^inninir  of  the  abandonment  of  Kentucky;  bat  it  was  thought 
by  the  citizen*  to  he  only  "a  change  of  base,''  and  the  cohimn  was  cheered  us  it  passed  the 
country  reMd^noe*  of  Southern  sympathizers.  Cheatham's  division,  esperialiy.  wiioh  had 
s-tufered  so  severely  in  the  bxttle  of  Ferrvvilie,  was  warmly  and  loudly  wtlcomed  till  the  in- 
tent of  the  movement  became  obvious. 


Kegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         SI; 


Mountain  by  University  Place;  thence  down  through  Cowan  Station,  Winches- 
ter, and  to  Tullahorna,  where  Garnes's  Battery   remained   in  camp  Four  weeks. 

Late  in  November  the  command  moved  to  Murfreesboro,  and  about  the  loth  of 
December  advanced  to  La  Vergne,  supported  by  Strahl'g  brigade,  on  picket  d  ity, 
and  (here  remained  one  week,  the  weather  being  intensely  cold  for  that  latitude. 
By  tin's  time  the  battery  was  restored  to  its  be»t  condition,  with  a  full  complement 
of  men,  horses,  and  material. 

On  the  31st  of  December,  1882,  the  great  battle  of  Murfreesboro  began.  Ihese 
lines  are  written  on  the  twentieth  anniversary  of  that  mighty  conflict  by  one  who 
was  there,  and  then  a  Lieutenant  in  Games' 3  Battery,  lie  vividly  recalls  to  mind 
the  scenes  of  the  31st  and  of  the  three  following  days,  but  can  find  no  words  that 
adequately  describe  them. 

Very  early  in  the  morning  Bragg' s  general  order  was  read  to  every  command, 
explaining  the  intended  plan  of  the  battle — namely,  that  the  left  wing  of  the  G  n- 
federate  army,  under  Hardee,  would  swine;  on  its  right,  resting  on  Stone's  Liver 
about  a  mile  north  of  Murfreesboro.  The  grand  movement  began  promptly,  and 
was  executed  according:  to  programme  till  the  enemy  were  swept  from  their  posi- 
tion beyond  the  Wilkinson  road  to  the  Nashville  pike,  into  line  parallel  there- 
with, supported  by  perhaps  a  hundred  pieces  of  artillery,  and  the  Conft  U 
swinging  movement  was  then  brought  to  a  final  pause.  Carries' s  Battery  was  a: 
first  drawn  up  in  line  near  the  Wilkinson  pike,  though  not  unlimbere.i.  and  the- 
drivers  were  mounted,  when  one  of  the  younger  ones  called  to  I>r.  L.  B.  AI  Cr^.r;  . 
Surgeon  of  the  battery,  and  told  him  that  his  right  arm  had  suddenly  beo  i-.e 
paralyzed,  and  hung  powerless  by  his  side.  Meantime  the  enemy's  canuon-i-hi  t 
were  careering  overhead,  and  the  doctor,  on  examining  the  young  driver,  told 
him  the  less  said  the  better,  and  to  go  on  and  perform  his  duty  as  a  soldier.  At 
this  moment  the  battery  was  ordered  to  move  to  the  right  and  form  on  or  acr«  s? 
-  the  Nashville  pike,  jnst  in  front  of  its  intersection  with  the  then  shallow  river. 
The  order  was  executed  at  a  trot  directly  across  the  line  of  the  enemy's  fire — 
mostly  artillery  tire  only,  but  probably  intensified  at  the  time  by  the  burning  of 
a  palatial  residence  called  the  Cowan  house,  which  stood  about  midway  betweeu 
lines.  During  this  movement  the  paralyzed  arm  of  the  young  driver  seemed  in- 
dued with  new  life  and  strung  with  nerves  of  steel.  It  was  only  a  momentary 
mental  weakness  of  the  young  fellow. 

While  crossing  the  fields  to  the  required  position  the  battery  was  coadu<  | 
a  staff  officer  of  Gen.  Bragg's.  The  conducting  officer,  riding  in  front  of  the  col- 
umn, discovered  eight  or  ten  infantry-men  cowering  on  the  ground  behind  o!  I 
logs  as  if  to  avoid  the  flying  shot  of  the  enemy;  whereupon  he  actually  b  [ted 
the  battery  in  his  disgust  at  such  conduct,  rode  among  the  awe-sirucic  creat- 
ures, slapping  them  with  the  side  of  his  sword,  and  demanded  their  names  an  1 
commands.  They  meekly  began  to  answer  such  and  such  company,  regii 
brigade,  etc.,  while  the  staff  officer  ordered  some  of  the  Lieutenants  of  the  halted 
battery  to  take  paper  and  record  in  writing  the  belonging  of  the  craven  w  recches, 
Intending  to  court-nvirtial  them  for  cowardice;  but  a  sudden  increase  in  the  >:•  rm 
of  hostile  missiles  made  the  dastards  duck  behind  their  legs  again,  and  the  stall 
officer,  giving  the  matter  up  as  a  bad  job,  ordered  the  battery  forward  a:  a  tr"t. 
The  degrading  scene  was  thus  quickly  changed  to  one  of  pomp,  glorr,  an  •  ile- 


816  Military  Anxals  or  Tennessee. 

struction  suitable  to  war.  The  log-intrenched  men  were  not  Tennesseans  so  far 
as  they  reported,  we  are  glad  to  say. 

The  guns  now  stood  in  battery  across  the  Nashville  road,  almost  facing  the  so- 
called  "round  forest,"  slightly  protected  by  rising  ground.  An  advance  wns  or- 
dered, and  on  reaching  the  summit  of  the  slight  elevation  in  front,  the  enemy's 
concentrated  artillery  opened  lire,  as  by  this  time  their  artillery  had  become 
massed  on  this  road  by  compulsion  of  Hardee's  movement.  The  position  was  at 
once  seen  to  be  untenable,  and  the  battery  was  withdrawn  to  its  former  place, 
slightly  covered.  One  f  gun-carriage  was  disabled  by  the  enemy's  shot  in  the 
movement.  Corp.  George  Graff,  standing  by  the  side  of  his  gun,  was  instantly 
killed  by  a  cannon-shot  striking  him  in  the  breast.  Sergeant  Wilson  was  wound- 
ed in  the  face  and  limbs  by  gravel  thrown  by  shell  bursting  in  the  ground  at  his 
1  feet.     Presently  the  enemy  seemed  advancing,  and  during  the  momentary  absence 

of  the  Captain,  Lieut.  Marshall  ordered  the  battery  to  commence  tiring.  The  guns 
were  at  once  shotted  and  the  lanyard  in  hand,  when  (Jen.  Breckinridge  came  rid- 
in--  from  the  rear  through  the  battery,  and  gazing  intently  to  the  front,  as  if  to  as- 
certain what  was  doing  among  the  enemy.  The  Lieutenant,  preferring  to  have 
orders,  asked  Gen.  Breckinridge  if  he  should  tire.  "Yes,  sir;  load  and  fire,"  he 
quickly  answered.  The  Lieutenant  repeated  the  order,  and  the  number  fours  in- 
stantlv  placed  the  friction  primers  in  the  vents,  when  the  General  called  out  to 
wait,  and  spurred  forward,  warning  stragglers  to  clear  the  way  and  let  the  artil- 
lery fire.  The  way  was  quickly  cleared  and  firing  began.  This  attracted  the 
combined  fire  of  all  the  convenient  opposite  batteries;  but  the  Confederate  bat- 
tery was  protected  a  little  by  the  ground,  as  before  stated.  There  was  now  a  ter- 
rific concert  of  shot  and  shell  in  the  air  over  the  battery,  when  Governor  Harris,* 
volunteer  aid  on  Gen.  Bragg's  staff,  appeared  and  said  that  the  General  ordered 
the  firing  to  cease,  and  also  that  he  was  to  report  the  name  of  the  battery  tiring 
without  orders.  Gen.  Bragg,  with  an  escort  of  probably  a  i.ui  dred  and  fifty 
mounted  men,  was  sitting  on  horseback  directly  in  rear  of  the  battery,  and  a  good 
deal  exposed.  The  firing  was  no  doubt  unnecessary  at  that  time.  Governor 
Harris  kindly  forgot  to  report  "the  name  of  the  battery  firing  without  orders/' 
and  no  reprimand  was  ever  given.  Before  sunset  the  battery  was  ordered  to 
move  to  the  Wilkinson  pike  to  a  point  about  half  a  mile  to  the  front  of  its  former 
position — the  enemy's  right  flank  having  been  swept  away.  Here,  on  the  right 
of  the  pike  as  one  faces  to  the  north-west,  the  battery  bivouacked  for  the  night 
after  the  first  day's  fighting,  and  spent  the  next  day  skirmishing  with  the  enemy's 
gun*  stationed  near  the  "round  forest,"  at  long  range.  No  important  movements, 
however,  were  made  by  either  side  that  day,  the  1st  of  January,  1803.  On  the 
night  of  the  1st  the  battery  returned  to  a  point  near  the  Xashville  pike,  and 

*  Governor  Isham  G.  Harris,  like  the  phantom  Ship,  generally  appeared  when  a  storm  was 
at  hand.  Hi?  advent  on  the  General's  staff  came  to  be  pretty  well  understood  to  ponpnd  an 
action  of  the  first  magnitude.  If  advice  were  wanted,  of"  course  he  was  competent  to  give  it: 
ami  in  dangerous  service  of  the  staff  everybody  knew  that  he  was  intrepid,  for  he  had  the 
temperament  of  a  hero.  Old  delegates  to  the  army  convention  at  Winchester,  when  Hon.  R. 
L.  Caruthers  was  nominated  for  Governor,  wiil  remember  Governor  Harris's  magnificent  and 
impas-ioned  speech  asking  the  members  to  unite  and  make  the  nomination  unanimous,  of 
course  it  was  so  voted,  and  the  nominee  was  ultimately  elected;  Nut  the  two  years  of  his  term 
■  of  office  expired  before  he  could  be  inaugurated,  as  the  enemy  held  the  capital  and  most  of 
the  territory  of  the  State. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       817 


bivxnacked  in  line  with  Maney's  brigade.  The  weather  hail  changed  from  fair  to 
rainy.  Before  light  on  the  following  morning  the  battery  was  ordered  to  advance 
on  the  pike  about  four  hundred  yards,  then  turn  to  the  right  into  an  open  tim- 
bered field  which  was  bounded  in  the  rear  by  a  bluff  of  Stone's  River,  where  the 
horses  were  sheltered;  but  the  surface  of  the  ground  where  the  guns  stood  was  on 
a  level  with  and  square  in  front  of  the  "round  forest,"  distant  about  six  hun- 
dred yards  across  a  cotton-field.  Several  of  the  enemy's  batteries  were  stationed 
in  and  about  the  "round  forest."  The  spot  on  which  the  battery  was  placed 
had,  on  the  first  day  of  the  battle,  been  the  scene  of  a  desperate  conflict  between 
some  of  Breckinridge's  command  and  the  enemy,  the  latter  then  occupying  the 
position  where  the  battery  now  stood.  The  Federals  were  driven  from  the  place, 
and  their  dead  still  lay  in  the  open  wooded  field,  about  the  railroad,  and  all  the 
way  through  the  eotton-field  to  the  "round  forest."  The  place  was  horrible. 
The  I  orses  shied  and  snorted  as  they  picked  their  way  anions  the  prostrate  bodies 
in  the  early  morning  darkness.  But  here  four  batteries  took  their  position — 
Carnes's,  Melanchthon  Smith's,  Scott's,  and  Stanford's;  a  fifth  stood  on  the  same 
line  on  the  left  side  of  the  pike  and  railroad,  which  lie  close  together  along  here. 

All  day  at  short  intervals  artillery  duels  were  fought,  during  one  of  which 
Sergt.  Bailey  managed  to  burst  a  shell  exactly  over  and  only  a  few  feet  above  one 
of  the  enemy's  gnus  which  had  been  very  active.  The  gun  was  withdrawn  after 
Bailey's  shot.  About  four  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  live  batteries  were  ordered 
to  open  fire  together  and  continue  a  half  hour,  to  make  a  diversion  in  favor  of  an 
attack  to  be  made  by  Breckinridge  farther  to  the  right.  The  enemy,  however, 
had  enough  artillery  to  reply  to  the  live  batteries  and  repulse  Breckinridge  also. 
In  this  attack  fell  the  promising  young  Captain  of  artillery,  Wright,  commanding 
a  battery  in  Breckinridge's  division,  and  his  guns  were  taken  by  the  enemy.  He 
was  a  gallant  officer,  and  seemed  to  envy  Games  the  privilege  of  confronting  the 
enemy  first.  He  was  a  son  of  Judge  Wright,  of  Memphis.  After  dark  the  lat- 
tery was  withdrawn  to  its  position  of  the  previous  night,  and  in  the  morning  re- 
turned, before  light,  to  the  spot  occupied  the  previous  day.  It  was  now  found 
imperative  to  bury  the  dead  lying  about  the  position  and  its  vicinity.  Firing  was 
not  so  constant  as  on  the  previous  day,  and  the  battery  men  audaciously  crept 
nearly  across  the  cotton-field  in  front  for  the  purpose  of  robbing  the  slain  of  the 
enemy  whose  blue  overcoats  thickly  dotted  the  field  in  every  direction.  Knives, 
bridles,  halters,  pipes,  and  the  like,  were  the  usual  and  lawful  prizes. 

On  the  fourth  day  of  the  battle  Carnes's  Battery  alone  occupied  the  position, 
but  late  in  the  evening  a  regiment  of  Chalmers's  brigade  formed  close  in  front  of 
the  guns,  and  though  the  light  was  dim  and  waning,  the  enemy  seemed  to  think 
an  attack  was  threatened,  and  they  opened  a  rapid  and  heavy  artillery  fire.  At 
every  shot  that  whizzed  overhead  the  newly-arrived  regiment  instantly,  and 
every  man  of  it  simultaneously,  bowed  low,  with  admirable  precision  and  punc- 
tuality. The  regiment  soon  sought  a  less  conspicuous  parade-ground.  One  artil- 
lery-man— private  Gibbs,  of  Carnes's  Battery — and  one  infantry-man  only  v.  ere 
killed  at  this  time.     The  battery  was  Forbidden  to  return  the  fire. 

'  No  parapets  of  importance  were  constructed  at  this  position;  they  had  not  yet 

become  the  fashion  in  the  army.     About  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening  Capt.  Carn.es 

received  orders  to  withdraw  his  battery  as  silently  as  possible,  and  report  to  C«en. 

Cheatham,  in  Murfreesboro.     The  movement  could  not  be  made  in  silence,  and 

&?. 


818  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


the  woods  and  air  again  became  resonant  with  shot  and  shell,  hut  no  casualties 
occurred. 

In  the  beginning  of  the  action  on  Wednesday,  Lieut.  Vanvlcck  had  been  or- 
dered to  take  charge  of  several  teams  of  amies,  ready  harnessed,  for  the  purpose 
of  securing  captured  guns  and  conveying  them  to  the  depot  as  soon  as  possible, 
that  they  might  be  sent  at  once  beyond  recapture.  As  the  Confederate  left  rolled 
the  Federal  right  from  its  position  Vanvleck  followed  with  his  harnessed  mule- 
teams,  and,  hitching  to  the  captured  artillery,  he  thus  dragged  forty  of  the  ene- 
my's guns  to  the  depot,  and  they  were  safely  deposited  in  Atlanta  before  the  four 
days'  battle  closed.  While  in  the  execution  of  this  duty  on  the  field,  among  the 
wounded  and  dead  of  both  sides,  and  while  he  stood  still  for  a  moment — for  he 
was  on  foot — observing  ins  assistants  in  their  work,  an  eiderlv  Federal  soldier 
lying  on  the  ground  near  by,  and  whom  lie  had  supposed  to  be  dead,  addressed 
him,  requesting  to  be  raised  up  and  turned  so  that  he  could  see  another  Federal 
eoldier  lvinsr  dead  behind  him.  Vanvleek  carefullv  raised  and  turned  the  man, 
as  requested,  and  for  a  minute  or  so  the  elderly  soldier  gazed  on  the  deceased 
younger  one  in  silence,  and  then,  without  a  word  of  comment,  told  Vanvleck  to 
lay  him  down  again  as  before.  The  Lieutenant  proceeded  with  his  teams  to  the 
depot,  and  when  he  returned  to  the  field  tor  the  next  installment  of  guns  the  old 
soldier  was  dead  al.^o,  apparently  not  having  moved  after  being  laid  down  by  his 
compassionate  enemy  in  gray.  The  silence  of  the  old  soldier  commands  a  certain 
respect,  a  chord  of  sympathy  is  touched,  and  one  is  apt  to  forget,  even  in  its  very 
presence,  the  mighty  tragedy  of  contending  thousands  in  the  sublime  pathos  of 
the  death  of  two  humble,  nameless  combatants.  Vanvleck  always  related  the 
circumstance  with  profound  emotion.  He  himself  was  a  brave  soldier  and  a  good 
officer.     He  fell  at  Chickamauga. 

On  the  night  of  the  3d  of  January  the  battery  retired  from  Murfreesboro,  on 
the  road  to  Sdielbyviile,  three  miles  from  which  place,  on  the  west  side  of  Duck 
River,  camping-ground  was  selected.  The  horses  had  not  been  unharnessed  in 
a  week,  nor  had  the  men  washed  their  faces  probably  in  three  weeks;  but  in  a 
few  days  the  command  had  fully  recuperated,  and  was  ready  for  another  joust  with 
the  enemy.  The  ladies  of  Tennessee  knew  how  to  flatter  a  soldier  most  exqui- 
sitely by  a  mere  look.  The  young  officers  found  delightful  society  in  Shelhyville; 
and  on  the  roads  in  the  country  wdienever  a  lady  met  a  soldier  ?he  was  able,  in 
some  subtle  but  positive  manner,  to  let  him  know  that  she  considered  him  her 
knight.  Correspondents  of  the  Northern  papers  often  said  that  the  ladies  of  the 
South,  especially  of  Virginia  and  Tennessee,  were  keeping  up  the  war.  When 
the  hulies  of  Macon,  Ga.,  gave  a  military  ball  to  the  army  men  about  town,  in  the 
winter  of  1864,  Lieut.  Cockrill  was  present.  lie  said  afterward  that  when  he' 
"  read  the  legend  in  evergreen  on  the  wall  of  the  ball-room  opposite  the  entrance, 
"  Welcome,  ye  brave  heroes  of  many  battle-fields,"  he  felt  inexpressibly  compli- 
mented.    How  admirable  is  woman's  intuition! 

In  March  the  battery  moved  toTullahoma  to  find  better  grazing,  and  for  awhile 
camped  on  the  same  spot  as  on  its  return  from  Kentucky.  In  April  the  command 
visited  Fayetteville,  in  Lincoln  county,  in  search  of  better  fare  for  horses;  but  as 
after  three  week.-'  trial  there  seemed  to  be  no  considerable  improvement,  the  bat- 
tery returned  toward  Shelhyville,  and  was  so  fortunate  as  to  find  very  dedrable 
camping  ground  about  four  miles  west  of  tiie  town.    Here  the  company  remained, 

■ 

i 


Ii-EGIJIENTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  PtOLLS.  819 


almost  in  luxury,  till  the  middle  of  June,  and  then  moved  to  a  situation  almost 
as  good  about  two  miles  from  town,  on  the  east  side.  While  on  this  ground  the 
battery  was  ordered  to  form  one  of  the  three  sides  of  a  square  to  witness  the  exe- 
cution of  a  deserter.  The  poor  fellow's  infantry  companions  sung  a  hymn,  Gen. 
Wright  shook  hands  with  him,  then  a  volley,  the  square  dissolved  and  the  parade 
ended.     Not  a  man  was  present  except  those  compelled  by  military  authority. 

On  the  night  of  the  30th  of  June,  about  one  o'clock,  a  Lieutenant  of  the  bat- 
tery imagined  he  heard  a  dull  noise,  as  if  produced  by  the  tramp  of  multitudes; 
and,  being  on  duty  as  officer  of  the  day,  he  stepped  out  to  the  road,  about  two 
hundred  yards  off,  and  saw  a  dense  column  of  infantry  passing.  On  inquiry  he 
found  it  was  Cheatham's  division  going  toward  Shelbyville.  Presently  the  battery 
was  ordered  to  hold  itself  in  readiness  to  move,  and  about  sunrise  the  artillery 
joined  the  column,  now  comprising  the  main  body  of  the  army,  and  passed  through 
Shelbyville  and  on  to  Tullahoma.  The  merchants  of  Shelbyville,  like  everybody 
else,  wore  taken  by  surprise,  and  stood  in  the  streets  by  the  side  of  the  moving 
column,  offering  their  goods  at  any  price  the  soldiers  chose  to  pay;  but  business 
was  light,  as  the  medium  of  exchange  was  wanting. 

The  army  was  leaving  Tennessee,  not  to  return  again  till  the  disastrous  campaign 
of  Hood.  In  front  of  Tullahoma  line  of  battle  was  formed,  and  some  skirmish- 
ing of  artillery  took  place  in  the  midst  of  a  violent  thunder-storm.  On  the  night 
of  the  1st  of  July  the  battery  arrived  at  Cowan,  and  on  the  following  day  as- 
cended the  mountain  by  University  Place,  and  passed  the  nigh:  in  the  road  on 
the  plateau,  the  whole  army  crowding  along  in  the  vicinity  and  being  somewhat 
retarded  by  the  engineer  corps,  which  had  undertaken  to  bivouac  right  on  the 
road  in  front.  Early  in  the  morning  the  descent  began,  and  the  road  to  the  mouth 
of  Battle  Creek  was  taken,  where  a  pontoon-bridge  had  been  laid  for  the  army 
across  the  Tennessee  just  above  the  mouth  of  the  creek.  A  freshet  had  broken 
the  bridge  about  its  center,  and  about  half  the  boats  were  on  either  shore  of  the 
stream.  The  engineer  officers  seemed  unable  to  get  the  bridge  across  again,  and 
Capt.  Carnes,  whose  naval  education  served  a  good  purpose  here,  took  charge  by 
order  oi  Gen.  Cheatham  and  placed  the  bridge  in  position.  The  troops  began 
crossing  over  late  in  the  day,  after  a  most  vexatious  delay,  with  the  enemy  in  rear 
and  a  broken  bridge  and  swollen  stream  in  front.  The  battery  crossed,  and  went 
into  position  on  commanding  ground  just  above  the  bridge,  where  it  remained  two 
days  covering  the  crossing.  The  weather  was  intensely  hot,  and  some  of  the  horses 
were  foundered.  The  guns  were  dismounted  and  sent  to  Chattanooga  on  flats  from 
Shellmound,  which  is  two  miles  from  the  river.  Two  days  afterward  the  men 
and  horses  arrived,  and  the  battery  was  encamped  in  the  grove  where  it  had  stood 
the  year  before  on  its  way  to  Kentucky. 

The  fall  of  Vieksburg  was  announced.  Forty  thousand  soldiers  were  in  and 
about  Chattanooga,  and  yet  for  twelve  hours  after  the  announcement  of  this  blow 
to  the  Confederate  cause  almost  perfect  silence  reigned  over  the  multitudinous 
throng.     Men  reflected. 

After  a  few  days  the  battery  found  better  camping-ground  three  miles  out  on 
the  Unssville  road.  Men  and  horses  were  soon  restored  to  their  wonted  tine  con- 
dition. Nineteen  men  from  Pritehard's  battery,  which  had  been  disbanded,  were 
now  assigned  to  Carnes's  Battery,  raising  the  hitter  to  its  usual  complement  of  one 
hundred  or  one  hundred  and  ten  men.     Lieut.  Lewis  Bond  was  promoted  Captain 


820  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


of  ordnance  just  before  the  departure  from  Shelbyville,  and  assigned  to  duty  on. 
Gen.  Jackson's  staff.  The  commissioned  officers  now  in  charge  of  the  battery 
were  Capt.  Carnes  and  Lieut 6.  Marshal!,  Cockrill,  and  Vanvleck. 

In  August  the  company  moved  to  a  point  four  miles  above  Chattanooga,  on  the 
Harrison  road,  and  remained  there  a  week  engaged  in  target-practice.  The  men 
and  guns  behaved  as  well  as  could  be  desired.  Early  in  September  the  battery 
moved  to  a  new  camp-ground  in  the  woods  three  miles  below  the  city  and  half  a 
mile  from  the  base  of  Lookout  Mountain.  The  enemy  was  threatening,  and  the 
battery  moved  again  into  the  edge  of  town.  Meantime  hostile  batteries  on  the 
other  bide  of  the  river  shelled  the  place;  and  a  religious  congregation,  while  listen- 
ing to  the  eloquent  Dr.  Palmer,  was  dispersed,  though  Gen.  Cheatham,  who  was 
present,  advised  the  people  to  pay  no  attention  to  such  wild  shooting. 

On  the.  10th  of  September  Lieut.  Marshall  was  ordered  to  take  a  section  of  the 
battery  and  occupy  the  north-west  side  of  Lookout  Mountain,  in  support  of  a  part 
of  Gen.  Preston  Smith's  division  doing  picket  duty  in  Lookout  Valley.  The  sec- 
tion accordingly  took  position  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  west  of  the  Craven 
house,  a  well-known  residence  on  the  mountain,  and  about  two-thirds  of  the  way 
from  the  bottom  to  the  top.  The  position  commanded,  at  easy  range,  part  of  the 
open  field  between  Lookout  and  Raccoon  mountains,  the  railroad  bridge  and  the 
wagon-road  bridge  at  the  base  of  Lookout  Mountain.  On  the  third  day  of  this 
duty  the  enemy's  infantry  appeared  on  the  plain  below,  and  sought  cover  in  rear 
of  a  frame  house  just  across  Lookout  Creek,  about  nine  hundred  yards  in  a  direct 
line  from  the  artillery  picket.  The  section  at  once  opened  tire  with  solid  shot, 
and  afterward  with  shell,  one  of  which  happening  to  burst  in  the  wall  of  the  build- 
ing close  to  the  ground,  set  it  on  fire  directly;  for  the  weather  had  long  been  very 
dry,  and  the  flames  soon  made  the  rear  untenable — not  much  of  a  cover  at  best — 
under  the  plunging  fire  of  the  guns.  The  Federals  dispersed  as  they  could,  ac- 
companied by  shot  and  shell  till  out  of  range.  Gen.  Smith  was  informed  by  his 
scouts  during  the  night  following  that  the  valley  was  entirely  vacated  by  the  ene- 
my. A  few  hours  before  the  firing  began  the  owner  of  the  frame  house  which  was 
set  on  fire  by  a  shell  had  paid  the  section  a  visit  and  requested  the  ornnnc-s  to 
spare  his  house  if  possible,  a  thing  which  they  of  course  readily  promised  to 
do;  but  the  exigencies  of  the  case  compelled  them  to  disregard  the  safety  of  the 
house. 

On  the  next  day  (the  loth)  the  noise  of  moving  trains  in  and  about  Chattanooga 
could  be  heard  unceasingly  at  the  picket  station  on  the  mountain.  All  night 
also  the  same  rattling  and  heavy,  continuous  rumbling  were  distinctly  audible. 
An  important  movement  was  evidently  beginning,  and  early  next  morning  the 
section  was  ordered  to  rejoin  the  battery,  which  was  already  on  the  road  with  the 
rest  of  the  army  for  La  Fayette,  twenty-four  miles  from  Chattanooga.  At  La 
Fayette  the  battery  halted  two  days,  and  then  began  a  retrograde  movement.  Po- 
sitions were  often  taken  as  if  to  receive  an  enemy.  The  situation  was  apparenily 
critical  to  the  last  degree.  The  weather  continued  clear  and  dry,  and  clouds  of 
dust  filled  the  air  for  many  miles  in  all  directions,  reciprocally  heralding  to  each 
other,  though  vaguely,  the  positions  of  the  adverse  armies. 

On  the  night  of  the  ISth  the  battery  bivouacked  on  the  east  side  of  West  Chiek- 
amauga  Creek,  about  three  miles  south  of  Lee  and  Gordon's  mill  and  about  elev- 
en miles  from  Chattanooga.     The  tire  of  skirmishers  had  been  heard  all  Any,  and 


Regimental  Histokies  and  Memorial  Rolls.        821 

at  dark  the  forage-wagons  came  into  camp  with  several  dead  soldiers  loaded  on 
top  of  the  corn.     The  greatest  battle  of  the  West  was  at  hand. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  19th  picket-firing  began,  sometimes  rising  almost 
to  a  roar.  The  battery  was  ready  and  expectant.  About  nine  o'clock*  the  or- 
der came  to  move  to  the  west  side  of  the  creek,  the  crossing  of  which  was  made 
at  Hunt's  Ford,  some  two  miles  above  Alexander's  bridge,  and  not  more  than  a 
mile  from  the  camping-ground  of  the  previous  night.  Across  the  creek  the  bat- 
tery proceeded  down  the  west  side,  at  a  trot  where  practicable,  over  not  a  very 
smooth  road,  till  it  passed  beyond  Alexander's  bridge,  a  march  of  about  two  miles. 
On  both  sides  of  the  road  sat  the  soldiers  of  Longstreet's  corps,  who  had  just 
reached  the  ground  from  Dalton,  where  they  arrived  early  that  morning  by  rail. 
The  soldiers  of  Longstreet's  corps  were  splendid-looking  men,  healthy,  clean, 
and  well  dressed.  As  the  battery,  accompanied  by  Wright's  brigade,  thundered 
rapidly  over  the  rough  road  between  the  rows  of  Eastern  veterans,  the  latter  fixed 
a  gaze  of  astonishment  upon  these  the  first  Western  Army  men  they  had  yet  seen. 
The  Virginians  were  excusable.  The  Army  of  Tennessee  never  looked  worse, 
while  at  the  same  time  it  was  never  in  better  fighting  order.  But  three  weeks  of 
maneuvering  in  the  densest  dust  without  washing  had  conferred  the  same  unin- 
teresting color  upon  every  thing — man,  beast,  and  material. 

The  battery  moved  on  at  a  trot,  with  Wright's  brigade,  and  inadvertently  <joing 
too  far  to  the  right,  ground  had  to  be  taken  to  the  left,  the  column  at  the  same 
time  nearing  the  enemy's  front,  but  approaching  it  diagonally.  The  Federal  ar- 
tillery was  doing  its  best,  and  the  open  forest  was  filled  with  missiles  from  which 
Walker's  division  had  just  fled,  leaving  a  gap  which  Cheatham's  brigades  were 
now  to  occupy.  Wright's  brigade,  at  a  double-quick  the  last  four  hundred  yards, 
approached  within  perhaps  three  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's  works,  and  swiftly 
drew  into  line  of  battle,  not  leaving  room  for  the  battery  to  form  in  the  center  of 
their  line  as  they  should  have  done.  Capt.  Games  halted  the  battery  a  moment 
in  line  close  behind  the  brigade,  presuming  the  usual  situation  would  be  accorded 
the  artillery  for  the  protection  of  its  flanks;  but  the  heavy,  devastating  fire  of  the 
enemy  forbade  the  brigade  to  attend  to  the  rights  of  the  battery.  After  three  of 
the  cannoneers  were  killed  in  this  awkward  situation — two  of  them  being  young 
men  of  Augusta,  Ga.,  who  had  been  recently  enrolled  from  Pritchard's  battery — 
the  Captain,  on  his  own  responsibility,  ordered  the  battery  forward  till  it  should 
pass  the  left  flank  of  "W right's  brigade,  a  movement  which  was  executed  at  a  trot 
all  in  plain  sight  of  the  enemy's  artillery  and  infantry,  who  had  been  in  position 
there  since  daylight.  The  command  happened  to  make  this  movement  left  in 
front — or,  better  stated,  celerity  of  execution  demanded  that  the  left  should  precede 
the  right — so  that,  as  the  fire  was  to  be  to  the  right,  the  teams  had  merely  to  wheel 
to  the  left  when  the  whole  had  passed  the  brigade,  and  then  the  battery  was  in 
line.  A  minute  or  two  was  thus  saved  in  getting  ready  to  fire.  The  order  to  un- 
liraber  (which  was  done  by  simply  unhooking  and  dropping  the  trails  without  re- 
versing the  team>'i  and  commence  firing  was  obeyed  in  much  less  time  than  we 
take  to  relate  it,  and  that  too  by  every  piece  simultaneously  except  the  right,  the 
ammunition  of  whose  limber-chest  had  become  fast,  and  for  a  few  seconds  resisted 
all  efforts  to  extricate  the  cartridges.  The  limber-chest  standing  open,  and  the 
team  not  having  been  reversed,  the  white  pine  of  the  unclosed  cover  raised  ver- 
tically attracted  hundreds  of   hostile  infantry  shots,  which,  passing  through   the 


822  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


.wood  and  puncturing  the  outside  tin,  made  the  chest  resemble  a  huge  grater. 
Three  or  four  men  were  endeavoring  to  loosen  the  ammunition  at  the  same  time 
with  their  heads,  over  the  chest,  but  strangely  enough  not  '.no  of  them  was  then 
hit.  All  the  horses  of  the  piece,  however,  except  the  wheel-team,  were  killed 
before  the  gun  was  discharged.  The  wheel-team  were  hit,  and,  springing  over  the 
roots  of  a  large  tree,  turned  the  limber  bottom  upward,  scattering  the  ammunition 
on  the  ground  like  a  load  of  apples.  The  driver,  Mathews,  thinking  the  situation 
desperate,  urged  on  the  two  wheel-horses,  and  their  speed  at  once  righted  the  emp- 
ty limber.  Mathews,  with  his  team,  escaped  further  casualties  and  crossed  Alex- 
ander's bridge,  thus  saving  the  only  two  horses  belonging  to  the  battery  that  sur- 

I.  vived  the  battle.     Four  times  a  minute  for  the  iirst  three  or  four  minutes,  at  least, 

each  gun  was  discharged  at  very  short  range,  probably  two  hundred  y;irds;  but 
the  battery  was  a  target  for  the  concentrated  fire  of  both  the  adverse  artillery  and 
infantry,  since  Wright's  brigade  had  disappeared  from  the  right  flank,  though  it 
had  rallied  long  enough  to  stand  one  volley  after  the  battery  went  into  action; 

\  but  now — that  is,  eight  or  ten  minutes  after  the  artillery  was  in  line — the  whole 

brigade  was  out  of  sight.     Probably  they  did  right  to  leave,  for  otherwise  they 


would  have  been  annihilated.  As  it  was,  they  left  the  ground  strewn  with  their 
vounded  and  dead.  The  batten"  now  stood  alone,  with  no  support  in  sight  either 
on  the  right  or  on  the  left;  in  fact,  there  had  at  no  time  been  any  support  on  the 
left.  Col.  John  C.  Carter,  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Tennessee,  refused  to  leave  the 
line  with  his  regiment,  and,  finding  himself  alone,  came  walking  into  the  battery 
as  if  for  a  social  visit.  His  lavish  display  of  coolness  and  Ids  intrepidity  were  in- 
deed admirable.  The  enemy,  easily  perceiving  the  odd  exposure  of  the  artillery, 
jumped  over  their  works,  ran  behind  a  large  fallen  tree,  about  a  hundred  yards 
farther  to  the  left,  lying  a",  right  angles  to  the  line  of  the  guns,  and,  resting  their 
muskets  on  the  fallen  tree,  poured  a  heavy  fire  right  across  the  battery  from  flank 
to  flank.  The  left  piece,  under  the  personal  direction  of  the  Captain,  wheeled  and* 
gave  them  several  shots,  mainly  to  cover  the  retreat  of  the  battery  men  not  killed, 
for  it  was  now  evident  that  the  place  was  untenable.  Lieut.  Cockrill  was  serving 
the  guns  of  his  section  effectively,  though  only  two  or  three  men  remained  to 
each  detachment.  The  right  section  was  playing  squarely  to  the  front  under  com- 
mand of  Lieut.  Marshall,  who  was  on  foot  assisting,  for  by  this  time  only  two  of 
the  detachment  of  the  right  piece  had  escaped  death  or  severe  wounds.  The  bat- 
tery was  clearly  overpowered.  Nineteen  of  the  men  were  killed  dead  in  their 
places,  and  upward  of  twenty  men  were  wounded,  most  of  whom  never  resumed 
service  in  the  artillery.  Forty-nine  horses  were  killed  in  harness.  The  situation 
was  held  about  ten  minutes  after  the  infantry  left  us.  About  the  eighth  minute 
.Orderly  Sergeant  White  hurriedly  announced  to  Lieut.  Marshall  that  the  enemy 
were  flanking  the  battery,  alluding  to  the  ambush  behind  the  fallen  tree  before 
mentioned.  Marshall  told  him  to  report  to  the  Captain,  but  the  latter  was  fully 
cognizant  of  the  fact,  and  was  at  that  moment  training  the  left  piece  again>t  the 
flankers.  Lieut.  A.  Yanvleck  received  several  severe  wounds  at  the  Captain's 
side,  and  while  the  infirmary  corps  were  trying  to  bear  him  to  the  rear — an  addi- 
tional member  being  added  by  the  Captain's  order  to  assist,  as  Yanvleck  was  a 
heavy  man — he  was  shot  through  the  breast  from  side  to  side,  and  killed  thus  in 
the  hands  of  the  litter-bearers.  The  same  shot  that  killed  Yanvleck  broke  the 
arm  of  the  man  ordered  to  assist.     Sergeant  John  Thompson  was  kiiied  by  the 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.         823 


side  of  his  gun.  Private  Lane,  a  Mexican  war  veteran,  was  also  killed  while 
making  his  way  to  the  rear  badly  wounded.  Only  these  three  names  of  the  killed 
can  now  be  recalled.  When  all  the  horses  had  fallen  except  one  ^(  the  teams  of 
the  right  section,  the  Captain  gave  orders  to  limber  up  the  right  piece  and  get 
away.  The  team  came  forward  under  the  gallant  drivers  in  the  midst  of  a  storm 
of  all  sorts  of  shot,  but  the  six  horses  fell  in  a  heap,  the  lead-team  with  their 
heads  on  the  trail  of  the  piece  they  were  going  to  save.  The  Captain  then  said: 
"We  can't  save  the  battery;  let  the  men  leave  as  quick  as  possible."  The  guns 
were  now  silent.  The  men  were  all  now  lying  on  the  ground,  whether  dead, 
wounded,  or  unhurt,  and  occupying  as  little  space  as  possible.  Marshall  called  to 
his  section  to  rise  and  follow,  when  he.  mounted  his  horse,  which  stood  near 
hitched  to  a  swinging  limb.  lie  mounted  not  very  hastily,  for  the  act  seemed  to 
challenge  the  enemy's  tire.  The  latter,  however,  were  intent  on  killing  at  first  all 
the  artillery-horses  they  could,  and  besides  they  were  at  the  moment  extending 
their  flanking  enterprise,  and  were  now  somewhat  in  rear  of  the  batttry.  These 
two  circumstances  probably  saved  the  survivors,  for  it  was  at  that  time  quite  in 
the  power  of  the  enemy,  without  danger,  to  pick  off  every  one  of  the  battery  men 
who  left  the  place.  Thirty-five  men  only  followed  the  Captain  and  Lieutenants 
from  the  terrible  spot.  The  little  party,  instead  of  going  to  the  rear,  had  to  trav- 
el for  two  hundred  yards  across  the  line  of  the  enemy's  fire,  as  the  battery  was 
nearly  surrounded  before  they  started ;  but  no  casualties  occurred  except  the  loss  of 
the  Captain's  beautiful  dark-bay,  called  Prince,  which  received  five  shots  in  the 
fight.  The  Captain  shouldered  his  saddle,  and  all  the  remnants  moved  away  to- 
ward the  banks  of  the  Chickamauga,  about  a  mile  distant.  Even  here  the  ene- 
my's shot  fell  thick,  and  an  improvised  field  hospital  had  to  be  moved  over  the 
creek.  While  moving  to  the  rear  Capt.  Carries  met  Gen.  Preston  Smith,  who  in- 
formed him  of  the  loss  of  his  battery  commander,  Lieut.  Marsh,  then  command- 
ing Scott's  battery,  and  offered  to  put  Carnes  in  his  place.  The  Captain  accepted, 
and  was  soon  in  command  of  Scott's  battery,  which  command  he  retained  till  the 
arrival,  on  Sunday  morning,  September  20,  of  Capt.  Scott,  who  had  been  left  ill  at 
La  Fayette  a  few  days  before.  Capt.  Carnes  was  then  put  on  Gen.  Polk's  staff  till 
we  invested  Chattanooga. 

As  to  the  battery,  the  enemy  rushed  in,  chopped  down  the  limbers,  and  dragged 
the  gun-carriages  by  hand  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards  toward  their  line  be- 
fore Stewart's  division,  then  approaching  double-quick,  could  open  fire.  At  the 
first  volley,  however,  the  enemy  abandoned  the  guns  where  they  were,  and  re-, 
turned  to  a  line  vf  works  in  rear  of  the  first.  To  insure  the  early  restoration  of 
the  battery,  Col.  Walter,  of  Braggs  staff,  a  friend  of  Capt.  Carnes' s,  invited  the 
General  to  the  ground  to  see  the  evidences  of  the  desperate  fi<iht  made  on  the 
spot.  Stewart's  corps  had  made  a  fight  of  perhaps  three  hours  over  the  ground 
before  it  was  recovered,  and  thus  the  heaps  of  dead  were  somewhat  greater  than 
were  due  to  the  battery.  Bragg  said  he  would  like  to  sell  Rosecrans  some  more 
batteries  at  the  same  price  as  this.  His  oriers  were  positive  to  restore  every  thing 
as  the  Captain  desired  and  prescribed.  As  a  compliment,  the  new  guns  were  in- 
scribed, "Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  ISO.'?." 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  20th  Gen.  Cheatham  ordered  Lieuts.  Mar-hall  and 
Cockriil  to  see  that  the  <jiins  were  hauled  from  the  field  aero.-.-  the  Chickamauga 
and  sent  to  Atlanta  with  the  artillery  captured  from  the  enemy,  the  latter  being 


824  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


upward  of  fifty  pieces.  This  done,  Carnes's  two  Lieutenants  and  the  thirtr-five 
men  remaining  of  his  battery  were  ordered  to  report  for  duty  to  Scott's  battery, 
which  lacked  at  that  time  about  that  number  of  its  full  complement. 

During  the  battle  of  the  20th,  or  second  day  of  Chickamauga,  and  for  three 
weeks  following,  the  remnant  of  Carnes's  Battery  were  identified  with  Scott's 
battery.  Gen.  Bragg  made  honorable  and  very  flattering  mention  of  the  be- 
havior of  the  lost  battery.  lie  gave  Cant.  Carnes  his  choice  of  all  the  captured 
artillery,  and  the  foundries  and  manufactories  of  Atlanta  were  ordered  to  restore 
this  battery  before  any  other  work;  and,  indeed,  before  the  battle  of  Missionary 
Kidge  the  battery  was  fully  equipped  with  four  new  and  beautiful  twelve-pounder 
Napoleon  guns,  carriages,  caissons,  full  sets  of  harness  for  eight  horses  to  the  piece, 
and  a  full  complement  of  horses.  After  the  restoration  of  the  battery  it  was  as- 
signed  to  Stevenson's  division,  and  Oapt.  Carnes  was  placed  in  command  oi  the 
battalion  of  four  batteries  of  artillery  under  Stevenson,  the  four  batteries  being 
Carnes's,  Corput's,  Rowan's,  and  Baxter's.  Of  men,  however,  the  battery  yet  only 
had  enough  to  move  the  material  on  the  march,  not  enough  to  handle  the  guns 
in  action;  nor  was  this  deficiency  supplied  till  the  following  December.  The  bat- 
tery did  not  therefore  participate  in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Kidge  in  Novem- 
ber, but  moved  to  Dalton  on  the  25th  with  the  army,  the  Captain,  however,  tak- 
ing the  full  benefit  of  that  action  by  virtue  of  his  command  of  Stevenson's  battalion 
of  artillery.  Camping-ground  was  selected  three  miles  south-west  of  Dalton,  and 
here  Carnes's,  Gracey's,  Kowan's,  Corput's,  Smith's,  Turner's,  and  Baxter's  bat- 
teries, not  distant  neighbors,  built  stables  for  their  horses  and  made  themselves 
eomiortable  about  two  months. 

Marshall's  Battery. 

In  December,  I860,  Capt.  Carnes,  who  was  a  Lieutenant  in  the  regular  C.  S. 
Navy,  received  orders  from  the  Navy  Department,  resigned  his  position  in  the 
artillery  and  reported  for  duty  in  the  Confederate  States  Navy — for  which  branch 
of  the  service  he  had  been  specially  educated — and  was  assigned  to  the  iron-clad 
"■Savannah,"  of  Savannah,  Ga.  He  had  achieved  a  brilliant  reputation  as  an 
artillery  officer,  and  probably  no  battery  in  the  West  had  seen  more  service 
or  had  become  better  known  than  Carnes's  Battery.  Since  April,  1862,  the 
battery  had  belonged  to  Donelson's  brigade  (after  the  battle  of  Murfreesbor  >. 
Wright's  brigade),  of  Cheatham's  division.  It  was  now  transferred  to  Steven-  n's 
division,  Hood's  corps,  and  Lieut.  L.  G.  Marshall  was  promoted  Captain  of  ar:::- 
lery.  He  commanded  the  battery  till  the  end  of  the  war,  or  till  it  was  taken  by 
Stoneman  at  Salisbury,  N.  C,  on  the  13th  of  April,  1865. 

Scott's  battery  was  disbanded  soon  after  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridce,  and 
Lieut.  Watson,  from  Memphis,  of  that  battery,  together  with  most  of  the  men, 
was  assigned  to  Marshall's  Battery,  where  he  remained  till  the  end  of  the  war. 
The  remainder  of  Scott's  men  were  sent  to  Swett's  battery  (Mississippi),  and  Capt. 
Scott  was  assigned  to  ordnance  duty  with  Wheeler's  cavalry. 

The  artillery  of  the  whole  army  was  now  divided  into  battalions  of  three  or 
fonr  batteries  each,  an  arrangement  which  was  any  thing  but  satisfactory  to  the 
Captains  and  Lieutenants,  because  in  such  large  bodies  requisitions  were  never  so 
well  tilled,  nor  could  ground  so  advantageous  for  action  or  camp  be  chosen. 

Another  circumstance  much  regretted  bv  the  artillerv  may  be  mentioned  here — 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.         825 

namely,  the  discontinuance  of  the  use  of  the  Bormaun  fuse.  About  the  last  of 
1863  it  was  found  that  lead,  the  metal  commonly  used  in  the  construction  of  this  fuse, 
was  getting  scarce.  Throughout  the  Dalton  campaign,  especially  where  heavy  firing 
occurred,  soldiers  were  encouraged  to  pick  up  all  the  shot  they  could  easily  find, 
and  for  the  lead  thus  obtained  they  were  paid  by  the  pound,  or  relieved  of  guard 
duty,  as  they  preferred.  Many  hundred  pounds  of  lead  were  so  procured;  bat 
this  was  only  a  drop  in  the  bucket.  The  loss  of  the  Bormaun  fuse  was  greatly  la- 
mented by  old  battery  men,  and  the  poor  substitute  of  the  paper  fuse,  and  shears 
wherewith  to  cut  it,  was  always  used  with  unmitigated  disgust. 

The  battalion  belonging  to  Stevenson's  division  was  composed,  of  Marshall's, 
Rowan's,  and  Corput's  batteries.  These  three  commands,  from  December,  1S63, 
camped  together,  marched  together,  and  fought  side  by  side  till  the  end  of  the 
war,  though  Capt.  Corput  was  wounded  at  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  and  scarcely  ever 
resumed  his  command,  and  Capt.  Rowan  was  killed  at  the  siege  of  Nashville,  in 
December,  1SG4.  Maj.  J.  W.  Johnston,  a  kinsman  of  the  great  Joe,  commanded 
the  battalion  from  its  organization  at  Dalton  till  the  close  of  the  war.  Corput's 
battery  was  manned  and  officered  by  Georgians,  Rowan's  by  Marylanders,  Mar- 
shall's principally  by  Tennesseans,  whose  fortunes  we  therefore  mainly  follow. 

In  February,  1804,  the  battalion  was  ordered  to  Kingston,  thirty  miles  south 
of  Dalton,  for  the  benefit  of  the  horses,  which  were  suffering  for  proper  food.  But 
the  horses  did  not  improve  at  Kingston,  for  the  corn  furnished  was  mostly  of  the 
sort  collected  as  tithes,  and  had  been  stored  in  bins  by  the  side  of  the  railroads  in 
the  open  air;  and  as  transportation  could  not  be  had  for  its  prompt  distribution, 
it  was  often  mildewed  and  unfit  for  man  or  beast.  There  had  been  a  few  cases  of 
glanders  before  leaving  Dalton,  and  perhaps  ten  per  cent,  of  the  artillery-horses 
died  of  this  disease  about  Kingston.  The  stock  looked  unhealthy  generally,  and 
as  if  badly  kept — to  such  a  degree,  in  fact,  that  a  staff'  officer  ignorant  of  equinia 
and  its  symptoms  reported  to  head-quarters  that  the  horses  were  badly  groomed, 
a  misrepresentation  which  hurt  and  offended  the  drivers  deeply,  for  they  thought 
as  much  of  their  horses  as  of  their  fellow-soldiers,  and  did  every  thing  they  could 
do  for  them  in  the  way  of  grooming,  cleaning,  and  nursing.  Still,  as  spring  ad- 
vanced, the  situation  was  somewhat  ameliorated  by  the  supply  of  better  corn  and 
by  such  pure  forage  as  could  be  procured. 

About  the  first  of  March  the  battalion  was  ordered  back  to  Dalton,  as  the  enemy 
was  known  to  be  near  in  heavy  force  and  seemed  to  threaten  movement.  In  a 
day  or  two  the  battalion  went  into  camp  again  in  a  pleasant  situation  on  the  east 
side  of  the  railroad,  about  equidistant  from  Dalton  and  Tilton. 

Late  in  April,  the  condition  of  men  and  horses  having  greatly  improved,  and 
the  number  of  both  being  ample,  the  battalion  assisted  at  the  most  splendid  re- 
view of  the  Western  armies  ever  held.  The  commands  of  all  arms  were  out.  An 
imposing  style  was  assumed.  Discharges  of  artillery  announced  the  initiative  of 
the  procession  of  the  General  and  his  numerous  escort  from  the  right  flank  of  the 
line  along  its  front,  and  also  his  return  in  rear  to  the  right  flank.  No  ^nik-r 
who  witnessed  that  magnificent  scene  ever  forgot  the  display  of  power  then  indi- 
cated or  the  gallant  bearing  of  the  actors.     Every  man  was  a  veteran. 

Shortly  afterward  the  curtain  rose  on  the  Dalton  campaign,  and  an  ordeal  bcran 
in  comparison  with  which  previous  trial>  were  trivial.  "For  ninety-three  day-.'' 
says  Hardee,  "the  armies  never  lost  their  grapple."     On  the  Gth  of  May  the  bat- 


826  Military  Annals  of  Tennfssee. 


talion  of  artillery  went  into  position  with  Stevenson's  division  five  miles  north  of 
Dalton,  on  the  heights  called  Rocky  Face,  and  skirmished  with  the  enemy's  lines 
for  two  or  three  days.  In  these  passages  not  many  of  the  enemy  were  killed,  but 
a  great  many  were  wounded,  says  Vanhorn  in  his  "History  of  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland." 

At  the  opening  of  this  campaign  the  officers  of  Marshall's  Battery  were:  L.  G. 
Marshall,  Captain;  First  Lieut.  James  M.  Cockrill,  of  Nashville,  commanding 
the  first  section;  Second  Lieut.  Watson,  of  Memphis,  commanding  the  second  sec- 
tion; and  Second  Lieut.  Finis  E.  White,  of  Paris,  Tenn.  (promoted  from  Orderlv 
Sergcant't,  commanding  the  caissons.  Of  non-commis.sioned  officers  there  were: 
Sergeants,  James  Bailey  and  Gilliam,  of  Tracy  City;  Wilson,  of  Brownsville. 
Thomas  Peters,  of  Memphis,  Ordnance  Sergeant;  G.  W.  Cheatham,  of  Walnut 
Hill,  Arkansas.  William  Wilson,  of  Lewisvilie,  Ark.,  Orderly  Sergeant.  Quar- 
termaster Sergeants,  Day,  of  St.  Louis,  and  Allman,  a  Georgian.  Corporals,  Frank 
McKnight,  of  La  Fayette,  Ark.,  and  Wise,  of  Mississippi.  Unfortunately  the 
names  of  several  veteran  Corporals — brave  and  experienced  gunners — are  not  re- 
called. 

On  the  night  of  the  12th  the  batteries  moved  with  the  armv  to  Resaea,  eighteen 
miles  distant,  and  on  the  13th  and  14th  Marshall's  Battery  occupied  the  nar- 
row ridge  of  a  hili  so  facing  the  enemy's  line  across  the  Dalton  and  Resaea  road 
that  for  the  want  of  room  the  guns  had  to  stand  in  echelon.  By  nine  o'clock  in 
the  morning  the  action  became  almost  general,  and  heavy  firing  of  artillery  at 
short  intervals  continued  all  this  and  the  following  day,  the  enemy,  seemingly  fur 
eflect,  trying  to  fire  by  batteries — not  with  much  accuracy,  however.  During  the 
first  day's  tight  two  of  the  battery  men  were  killed.  Maj.  Johnston,  commanding 
the  battalion,  was  severely  wounded,  and  did  not  rejoin  the  command  till  the  bat- 
tle of  Jonesboro,  September  1st.  Sergeants  Bailey  and  Wilson  (not  the  Orderly) 
were  also  severely  wounded,  and  did  not  again  appear  in  the  battery  till  after  the 
siege  of  Atlanta.  The  Captain  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  face  while  standing 
too  near  the  range  of  one  of  the  pieces  in  echelon,  crowded  as  the  battery  was  on 
a  narrow  elevation.  Ordnance  Sergeant  Tom  Peters  was  also  slightly  wounded,  but 
retained  charge  of  the  ammunition-wagons.  He  was  on  the  line  of  battle  onlv 
through  excess  of  gallantry,  not  in  the  execution  of  the  duties  of  his  office.  One 
of  the  killed  was  a  boy  gunner,  seventeen  years  of  age  only,  who  had  enlisted 
when  he  was  less  than  sixteen;  and  his  mother,  by  dint  of  perseverance,  had  just 
obtained  his  discharge,  which,  being  approved,  came  to  the  battery  some  days 
after  the  battle.  Capt.  Max  Van  Den  Corput  took  command  of  the  battalion  as 
senior  Captain,  on  the  retirement  of  Maj.  Johnston  wounded,  and  retained  the 
position  till  he  was  himself  wounded  while  standing  in  Rowan's  battery  on  Peach- 
tree  Creek  during  the  siege  of  Atlanta.  Corput's  battery  was  captured  at  Resaea — 
or  rather,  having  been  advanced  to  an  untenable  position,  had  to  be  abandoned 
when  the  army  retired. 

After  dark  on  the  night  of  the  loth  the  battery  was  ordered  to  withdraw  as  silent- 
ly as  possible.  The  army  crossed  the  Oostanawla  by  two  bridges,  both  commanded 
by  the  enemy's  guns  in  daylight.  As  the  dense  odumns  moved  in  the  dark  to- 
ward the  bridges,  the  enemy  opened  a  tremendous  lire  apparently  from  their  whole 
front.  Had  the  enemy  at  this  critical  time  made  a  general  attack,  as  many 
thought  the  tiring  portended,  the  Confederate  army  would  have  been  lost;  but  it 

■ 

i 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        S27 


was  afterward  said  that  Johnston  ordered  his  pickets  to  advance  a  little  about 
dark  in  order  to  create  this  very  uproar,  under  cover  of  which  ihc  army  might  get 
away  peaceably.  On  went  the  army,  the  enemy  all  the  time  close  in  the  rear, 
through  Calhoun,  Adairsville,  and  to  Cassville,  where  line  of  battle  was  formed, 
the  battery  occupying  a  fair  position  on  a  ridge  east  of  the*  town.  There  was  skir- 
mishing during  the  day,  but  no  casualties  in  the  battery  except  the  loss  of  two 
horses  killed  and  Sergeant  Gilliam's  saber  shot  from  his  side. 

At  night  on  the  10th  of  May  the  battery  moved  to  Cartersville,  about  mid- 
night overtaking  the  women  and  children  who  had  fled  from  Cassville  during  the 
firing  in  the  morning.  The  hardships  of  war  did  not  rest  on  the  soldiers  alone. 
Next  day  the  army  crossed  the  Etowah,  and  in  four  or  five  days,  by  slow  marches, 
the  enemy  keeping  nearly  abreast  with  the  Confederates  on  the  right,  line  of  bat- 
tle was  formed  near  Dallas,  and  a  line  of  strong  intrench ments  thrown  iip,  run- 
ning in  a  direction  north-east  and  south-west,  more  than  fifteen  miles  in  length. 
On  this  line  the  two  adverse  armies  maneuvered,  skirmished,  and  sometimes 
fought  almost  general  actions,  for  three  weeks.  Everyday  and  night  the  batteries 
were  engaged,  and  as  they  were  often  moved  new  intrenchments  had  to  be  made. 
Up  to  about  this  time  earth-works  had  been  the  exception,  but  henceforth  all  com- 
mands of  any  considerable  magnitude  were  covered  by  defensive  works. 

About  the  8th  of  June  the  army  formed  the  Kennesaw  line,  and  here  the  artil- 
lery found  its  usual  occupation.  Nearly  every  day  the  rain  poured  in  torrents, 
and  still  the  sun  shone  hot  and  burning;  still  the  artillery  fought  night  and  day, 
threw  up  intrenchments  night  and  day,  and  men  snatched  what  sleep  they  got 
under  the  roar  of  contending  guns.  Movements  were  always  made  at  night,  or 
at  least  begun  at  night,  and  whenever  and  wherever  a  designated  position  was 
reached  then  began  at  once  the  digging  and  building  of  earth-works,  which  had  to 
be  from  ten  to  fifteen  feet  thick  to  resist  the  enemy's  fire.  In  addition  the  works 
were  often  prelected  by  abatis.  The  mere  labor  of  fortification  was  beyond  what 
prudent  masters  would  demand  of  robust  slaves.  Physical  and  mental  powers 
were  tested  to  the  utmost  degree  of  endurance.  The  strain  of  constant  vigilance 
was  perhaps  harder  to  bear  than  the  digging,  marching,  and  righting  all  combined ; 
but  neither  could  be  relaxed  for  an  hour. 

For  three  weeks,  or  till  the  1st  of  July,  the  battalion  was  engaged  on  the  lines 
about  Smyrna  Church  and  Kennesaw  Mountain,  from  whose  top  one  could  look 
down  Whitehall  street,  in  Atlanta,  twenty  miles  distant.  While  on  the  Smyrna 
Church  line  Sterling  K.  Cockrill,  brother  of  Lieut.  J.  M.  Coekrill,  was  enrolled 
in  Marshall's  Battery.  Young  Sterling  was  then  only  sixteen  years  of  age,  but  in 
consideration  of  his  acquaintance  with  military  matters,  having  been  a  student 
of  the  military  department  of  the  college  near  Marietta,  he  was  immediately  ap- 
pointed Serjeant  of  a  piece  to  fill  a  vacancy  which  had  just  occurred.  Servant 
Cockrill  held  this  position  till  the  end  of  the  war,  acquitting  himself  as  a  soldier 
of  fidelity  and  bravery  and  as  an  artillerist  of  skill  and  judgment. 

The  citizens  of  Atlanta  had  been  able  to  hear  t lie  artillery  fire  ever  since  the 
arrival  at  Cassville,  and  very  plainly  after  the  arrival  at  Dalhis.  For  many  days 
the  roar  of  the  approaching  combatants  had  increased  in  intensity  on  the  unwill- 
ing ears  of  the  inhabitants.  Heavy  cannonading  occurred  at  ChattahoQChe,  only 
seven  miles  from  the  Gate  City,  and  when  the  Confederate  army  actually  crossed 
that  stream  to  the  south  side  early  in  July  the  despair  and   loud  lamentations  of 


828  Military  Anxals  or  Tennessee. 


citizens  may  have  constituted  an  element  in  the  policy  which  dictated  the  re- 
moval of  the  ablest  commander,  all  things  considered,  whom  the  war  had  brought 
into  notice. 

Hood  having  taken  command  of  the  army,  the  battalion  was  now  in  Gen.  Ste- 
phen D.  Lee's  corps. 

On  the  23d  of  July  Johnston's  battalion  of  artillery  was  put  in  position  on  the 
line  arranged  for  the  defense  of  Atlanta.  Rowan's  battery  was  stationed  on  Peach- 
tree  street,  a  short  distance  beyond  North  avenue  (a  street  that  crosses  Peach- 
tree).  Marshall's  Battery  was  stationed  on  the  right  of  Peach-tree  street,  about 
six  hundred  yards  from  Rowan's  battery  and  on  the  right  of  the  present  Atlanta 
street  railroad  running  out  toward  Ponce  De  Leon  Springs,  just  beyond  the  street 
railroad  bridge  over  Silver  Creek.  Corput's  battery  (a  new  one  having  been  fur- 
nished him  since  Resaca)  was  stationed  six  hundred  yards  to  the  right  of  Mar- 
shall's in  the  direction  of  Ponce  De  Leon  Springs.  The  second  section  of  Mar- 
shall's Battery  was  on  the  left  side  of  Silver  Creek,  as  the  line  fronted,  and  was  in 
charge  of  Lieut.  Watson.  The  first  section  was  on  the  right  of  Silver  Creek,  as 
the  line  fronted,  and  in  charge  of  Lieut.  J.  M.  Cockrill.  The  horses  were  kept 
most  of  the  time  a  mile  and  a  half  in  the  rear,  where  they  were  less  exposed  and 
nnder  the  care  of  the  drivers.*  All  the  batteries  were  protected  by  very  heavy 
earth-works  and  abatis.  Here,  for  thirty-five  days,  the  employment  was  to  fire 
shot  and  shell  night  and  day.  During  this  considerable  period  the  firing  ceased 
not  for  an  instant.  The  guard  being  posted,  men  slept  as  in  a  mill,  undisturbed 
by  the  noise;  or,  lying  awake,  they  might  watch  the  fiery  fuses  of  the  hostile  shell 
careering  high  in  the  darkness,  for  the  enemy  elevated  the  range  of  their  guns  at 
night  so  as  to  strike  the  buildings  of  the  city  if  possible.  But  when  at  last  the 
firing  suddenly  stopped  one  night,  as  the  enemy  retired  to  make  their  flank  move- 
ment, the  sleepers  awoke  at  once  and  inquired  what  was  the  matter.  The  army 
remained  the  entire  following  day  in  the  trenches,  or  wandering  over  the  vacated 
camping-ground  of  the  enemy,  wondering  what  was  the  meaning  of  the  apparent 
suspension  of  hostilities.  Some  thought  the  enemy  was  retreating,  for  Sherman 
had  been  able  to  mask  his  movement  fey  a  curtain  of  cavalry  dense  enough  to  con- 
ceal his  purposes  both  from  citizens  and  Confederates. 

Late  in  the  evening  of  this  strange  and  silent  day  the  battery  was  ordered  to 
take  position  three  miles  east  of  the  city.  Here  the  cannoneers  fortified  their 
guns  in  an  old  redan  previously  used  for  some  such  purpose;  but  after  dark  the 
battery  was  ordered  to  take  the  road  to  Jonesboro.  Traveling  all  night — with  the 
loss  of  one  caisson  abandoned  and  blown  up,  for  the  horses  had  fared  poorly  dur- 
ing the  siege  of  Atlanta,  and  were  less  serviceable  than  when  the  siege  began — 
Jonesboro  was  reached  about  noon  on  August  31.    Marshall's  Battery  took  posi- 

-  *  Here,  however,  the  enemy's  trim*  of  long  range  did  sometimes  reach.  About  midnight 
on  a  certain  occasion  a  shell  struck  the  ground  a  foot  or  so  from  the  head  of  one  of  the  driv- 
ers, who  whs  slumbering  with  his  head  on  his  knapsack,  which  contained  nothing  but  an  o'd 
jacket.  The  shell,  penetrating  the  ground,  passed  under  the  hea.i  of  the  driver  and  there 
burst  with  a  stunning  report,  the  contents  seeming  to  fly  in  a  lateral  direction,  as  none  of  the 
missiles  or  pieces  touched  the  si ---e  per.  He  jumped  up  and  spun  around  like  a  top.  ami  also 
talked  so  wildly  that  the  surgeon  whs  sent  for:  but  he  advised  to  do  nothing,  imie.s-i  ro  wait. 
The  man  was  an  excellent  driver,  and  oommuod  to  keep  his  team  rather  as  a  favor:  but  he 
couht  never  he  truste.l  to  drive  by  himself  afterward,  nor  even  to  groom  his  horses  without 
on  adviser  standing  by.  Hi?  health  was  apparently  unimpaired,  but  the  concussion  unsettled 
his  head  permanently. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         820 


tion  on  the  north  side  of  the  railroad,  tiring  at  intervals  till  night,  for  the  enemy 
were  already  on  the  ground  in  full  force. 

At  one  o'clock  on  the  following  night  the  battery  was  ordered  to  return  with 
Lee's  corps  to  the  vicinity  of  Atlanta,  which  march  was  made  to  within  five  miles 
of  the  city,  and  here  the  column  halted  for  the  night.  Before  morning  Stewart's 
corps  joined  Lee's,  and  both  returned,  passing  east  of  Jonesboro,  near  which  place 
they  were  joined  by  Hardee's  corps,  and  the  whole  army  went  into  camp  at  Love- 
joy's  Station.  In  a  few  days  Gen.  Lee  ordered  his  corps  into  the  form  of  a  hol- 
low square,  and  then  in  the  midst,  under  a  pouring  rain,  he  made  a  most  fiery 
speech,  complimenting  the  artillery,  but  saying  the  infantry  must  and  should  dare 
to  charge  moderately  strong  fortifications,  as  our  brethren  in  Virginia  were  doing 
every  day. 

At  Love  joy's  Station  the  artillery  remained  about  four  weeks,  making  prepara- 
tion for  another  campaign.  Not  one  of  the  batteries  had  now  more  than  four 
serviceable  horses  to  the  piece,  nor  more  than  sixty  men.  The  depletion  had 
been  slow  but  continuous.  Since  leaving  Dalton  each  battery  had  lost  about  thir- 
ty-five men  in  various  ways. 

Soon  after  the  tight  at  Jonesboro,  twenty-six  East  Tennesseans  were  assigned  to 
Marshall's  Battery  from  the  Conscript  Bureau.  They  were  supplied  with  cloth- 
ing, to  the  exclusion  of  the  older  members,  and  drilled  till  all  were  competent 
cannoneers;  but  the  night  the  army  started  on  its  march  into  Tennessee  twenty- 
four  of  the  twenty-six  deserted,  and  were  seen  no  more  in  the  service.  Their 
places  were  filled  by  assignment  of  thirty  or  forty  experienced  soldiers  from  the 
infantry. 

Men  and  horses  quickly  recovered  their  normal  condition  in  the  enjoyment  of 
a  pleasant  camping-ground  and  in  the  supply  of  abundant  and  wholesome  food. 
By  the  first  week  in  October  the  wear  and  tear  of  the  most  arduous  campaign  of 
modern  times  had  apparently  left  no  sign  either  on  mind  or  material.  In  fact, 
the  army  was  ready  for  another  campaign,  and  did  make  another,  on  which  the 
Array  of  Tennessee  displayed  its  characteristic  high  qualities.  True,  when  Pres- 
ident Davis,  a  few  days  before  the  march  began,  reviewed  the  army  at  Lovejoy's 
the  sullen  veterans,  instead  of  cheering  much,  gruffly  called  out,  "Give  us  John- 
ston!" but  that  was  only  a  soldiers  tribute  to  an  old  and  loved  commander.  It 
was  no  mutiny  nor  sign  of  mutiny. 

During  the  month  of  October  the  batteries  proceeded  with  the  army  from  Love- 
joy's  Station,  through  Palmetto,  Villa  Rica,  Cedartown,  Gadsden,  Blountsville, 
Moultbri,  Courtland,  and  Tuscumbia,  crossing  the  Tennessee  River  at  Florence, 
Ala.  It  was  now  November,  an<l  three  inches  of  snow  fell.  A  halt  of  eight  or 
ten  days  was  made,  and  Marshall's  Battery  was  placed  on  picket  duty  six  miles 
east  of  Florence,  on  the  Pulaski  road  and  near  Shoal  Creek.  No  enemy  ap- 
peared, but  the  battery  men,  observing  that  the  site  was  that  of  an  extensive  plan- 
tation residence  recently  burned,  and  that  the  ground  where  the  smoke-house  had 
stood  indicated  long  use  as  such,  scraped  up  the  earth  saturated  with  salt  brine, 
and,  boiling  it  in  water,  obtained  several  pounds  of  line  salt  about  the  color  of 
brown  sugar.  The  same  weight  of  fine  gold  would  not  have  been  more  appreci- 
ated. Each  man  took  his  share,  and  carried  it  with  himself  as  carefully  as  he 
would  diamonds  in  a  foreign  land. 

At  Florence  the  batterv  assisted,  for  the  second  time,  at  a  militarv  execution 


830  Militakv  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


and,  as  before  at  Shelbyville,  not  a  man  was  present  except  those  under  compul- 
sion of  superior  authority.  Wholesale  killing  on  the  line  of  buttle  had  not  made 
men  blood-thirsty,  though  they  might  witnes.-,  a  legal  execution  without  much  civ- 
ilized emotion. 

About  the  20th  the  artillery  moved  with  Lee's  corps  toward  Nashville,  bv  wav 
of  Waynesboro,  Mount  Pleasant,  and  Columbia,  arriving  near  the  latter  place  on 
the  26th.  The  infantry  was  halted  about  three  miles  south  of  Columbia,  on  the 
Mount  Pleasant  road,  and  Marshall's  Battery  was  ordered  to  the  front.  The  guns 
were  put  in  position  on  a  gentle  elevation,  which  was  the  site  of  Judge  William 
Pitt  Martin's  tine  residence.  Fire  was  opened  on  the  intrenched  line  of  the  ene- 
my's works,  about  twelve  hundred  yards  distant.  This  line,  running  directly 
across  the  Columbia  pike,  was  held  by  the  enemy's  infantry  alone.  No  replv  was 
made  to  the  artillery  except  by  the  tire  of  small  arms.  Tin.-  battery  remained  in 
this  position  two  days,  when  it  proceeded  to  Columbia,  the  enemy  having  retired 
through  town  and  intrenched  on  the  other  side  of  Duck  River  on  the  high  srround 
about  three  hundred  yards  from  the  bank.  Judge  Martin's  brick  mansion  suffered 
serious  injury  from  the  clo.-e  proximity  of  the  guns  in  action,  and  the  walls,  short- 
ly after  the  firing,  were  kept  upright  only  by  large  braces  on  the  outside.  The 
Judge  was  cheerful  and  hospitable,  notwithstanding  he  was  evidently  contributing 
more  to  the  cause  than  should  have  been  the  average  assessment.  The  battery 
men  long  remembered  with  admiration  the  resolute  intrepidity  of  the  Judge's 
venerable  mother,  who  lived  in  a  large  frame  house  about  midway  between  the 
opposing  lines  of  battle,  but  who  had  been  obliged  to  leave  hurriedly  the  day  be- 
fore and  take  refuge  at  the  residence  of  Gen.  Pillow,  brother-in-law  of  her  son, 
the  Judge.  On  the  monVmg  after  the  first  firing  she,  with  her  husband,  the  ven- 
erable George  M.  Martin,  returned  in  a  buggy  from  Gen.  Pillow's  to  her  son's 
place,  where  the  battery  was  stationed,  and  declared  she  must  make  a  visit  to  her 
house,  though  the  enemy  still  held  their  lines  and  the  Confederate  line  was  mo- 
mentarily extending.  During  a  lull  in  the  tiring  four  or  five  cannoneers  prof- 
fered to  accompany  the  brave  matron.  She  would  listen  to  no  remonstrance,  not 
even  her  husband's:  and,  going  forward  on  the  pike  a  few  steps,  the  little  partv 
turned  down  a  lane  to  the  right,  and  when  opposite  the  house  three  or  four  hun- 
dred yards  off,  the  men  took  down  the  high  fence,  and  all  walked  demurely,  single 
file,  the  lady  leading,  to  the  rear  door  of  the  house,  and  entered.  Why  the  ene- 
my did  not  fire  was  a  wonder,  as  the  whole  circumstance  occurred,  in  plain  view 
of  both  lines;  but  perhaps  they  were  old  soldiers,  and  appreciated  the  situation. 
The  party  soon  emerged  from  the  house  loaded  with  such  articles  as  the  lady  di- 
rected to  take,  and  returned  safely  to  their  point  of  departure.  The  lady's  escort 
felt  themselves  amply  compensated  for  their  services  by  many  an  article  of  cloth- 
ing, which  their  kind  benefactress  bestowed  upon  them  in  a  manner  ~o  liberal  as 
to  be  quite  equal  to  their  wants. 

Early  the  following  morning  the  battery  was  ordered  into  Columbia,  and  soon 
afterward  to  the  bluff  just  above  the  town.  The  position  was  approaclved  under 
a  pretty  heavy  artillery-fire  from  the  other  side,  but  no  casualties  occurred  till  the 
intended  spot  was  gained.  A  few  hours  thereafter,  while  the  guns  were  served  as 
rapidly  as  possible  against  the  hostile  fire,  Col.  R.  F.  Beckham,  commanding  the 
artillery  regiment  of  Lee's  corps,  was  struck  on  the  temple  an  1  mortally  wounded 
by  '/   fragment  of  rock  driven   by  the  enemy's  shot  from  some  of  the  numerous 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        S31 


boulders  with  which  the  vicinity  of  the  battery  was  thickly  studded.  Citizens 
sought  shelter  as  they  could  from  the  wild  fire  of  the  enemy.  No  casualties  took 
K  place  among  the  men  of  the  battery,  but  .several  horses  were  killed,  and  all  the 

teams  were  in  poor  condition  alter  the  extended  march  of  seven  or  eight  hundred 
miles.  Alter  the  retirement  of  the  enemy  toward  Nashville  the  battery  was 
placed  in  position  on  the  so-called  Mount  Parnassus,  in  town,  where  perhaps  a 
thousand  prisoners  were  held,  and  the  artillery  officers  were  instructed  to  make 
strenuous  efforts  to  obtain  horses  to  supply  the  places  of  those  killed  and  disabled. 
None  could  be  had,  however,  either  by  force  or  persuasion. 

On  the  lith  of  December  the  report  of  the  appalling  disaster  at  Nashville 
was  received.  Fragments  of  the  great  army  poured  into  Columbia.  Mud- 
bespattered,  hungry,  and  exhausted  officers,  as  they  arrived,  were  ready  to  lie 
down  to  sleep  and  rest  as  soon  as  any  sort  of  shelter  could  be  found.  Whole 
droves  of  artillery-horses — ready  harnessed,  but  starving  and  covered  with  mud — 
traversed  the  roads.  Marshall's  Lattery  was  at  once  furnished  with  eight  or  ten 
horses  to  each  piece  and  each  caisson.  The  Captain  was  then  ordered  to  place  one 
section  on  the  bunk  of  the  river  near  the  crossing,  so  as  to  cover  the  entrance  to 
the  pontoon-bridge,  and  another  section  similarly  situated,  in  command  of  Lieut. 
Cockrill,  at  the  railroad  bridge  below  town.  The  Captain  was  privately  and  pos- 
itively ordered  to  rirc  upon  the  mob  on  the  north  side  of  the  river  in  case  the  de- 
•  '  moralized  rabble,  eager  to  cross,  should  overpower  the  guard  at  the  bridge.  The 
battery  stood  in  position  under  this  terrible  order  more  than  twenty- four  hours. 
The  officer  delivering  the  order  said  the  commanding  General  declared  the  scat- 
tered thousands  of  soldiers  must  be  restored  to  their  proper  commands  before 
they  crossed  Duck  Kiver;  otherwise  the  army  was  lost.  But  happily,  thrice  hap- 
pily for  the  battery,  the  disintegrated  elements  of  the  army  still  retained  the  im- 
pulses of  veterans  as  they  were,  and  not  the  least  attempt  at  violence  was  made 
about  the  guard  at  the  bridge.  The  men  of  the  various  commands  were  as.-duned 
quickly  to  their  proper  places  by  their  respective  officers,  and  as  the  column 
touched  the  south  bank  of  the  river  it  was  a  perfectly  organized  force.  The 
gloom  of  the  recent  overthrow*  indeed  hung  like  a  pall  over  the  old  army  that 
had  fought  with  historic  honor  on  so  many  battle-fields,  but  neither  discipline  nor 
power  hail  vanished. 

On  the  22d,  before  light,  Marshall's  Battery  was  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Clay- 
ton, whose  division  was  halted  a  mile  or  two  out  on  the  Pulaski  road.  Only  two 
field-batteries  belonging  to  the  infantry  now  moved  with  the  army,  about  eighty 
guns  having  been  lost  in  front  of  Nashville.  One  of  the  batteries  saved  wasCor- 
put's,  but  it  was  unserviceable.  The  column  of  the  retiring  army  reached  Pulaski 
after  dark,  amidst  a  terrific  storm  of  sleet.  Before  morning  the  weather  became 
intensely  cold.  Several  of  the  jaded  horses  fell  dead  at  the  picket-rope,  but  the 
number  of  teams,  such  as  they  were,  now  exceeded  the  requirements  of  the  few 
guns  to  be  transported.  The  men  of  the  battery  crowded  into  a  four-story  factory, 
and  all  ni<:ht  the  infantry  poured  along  the  streets,  filling  probably  every  house  in 
town,  as  tires  could  not  be  had  in  the  streets. 

About  nine  o'clock  on  the  following  day  the  battery  moved  with  Clayton's  di- 
vision, and  made  only  nine  miles  that  day  over  ground  frozen  enough  to  seri(«tely 
impede  travel. 

On  Christmas-eve  the  batterv  furded  Shoal  Creek,  the  men  wading  in  four  feet 


832  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


of  water,  and  proceeded  to  within  three  miles  of  Bainbridg^,  where  was  the  in- 
tended place  of  crossing  the  Tennessee  River.  After  dark  an  order  was  received 
from  Lieut.-eol.  Hoxton,  commanding  the  artillery  regiment  of  Lee's  corps  since 
the  death  of  Col.  Beckham,  to  move  the  battery  to  a  point  five  miles  distant,  below 
Bainbridge,  on  the  bank  of  the  river,  and  there  to  resist,  if  need  be.  the  accent  of 
gnn-boats.  The  gun-carriages  were  now  drawn  by  ten  horses  each,  and  it  was 
doubtful  whether  the  teams,  after  the  terrible  usage  of  the  last  week  or  two,  would 
be  able  to  move  the  batterv  over  the  soft  ground.  However,  after  feeding  thev 
did  better  than  could  have  been  expected.  The  column  moved  from  the  miry 
fields  into  the  Florence  road,  and  proceeded  toward  that  town  past  the  picket-sta- 
tion occupied  by  the  battery  just  before  the  advance  on  Nashville.  The  guide 
then  turned  into  the  field  to  the  left,  but  as  a  dense  U)g  prevailed  about  ten  o'clock 
he  declared  himself  unable  to  find  the  road.  The  company  therefore  bivouacked 
Avhere  they  were,  and  at  daylight  followed  tire  guide  a  mile  and  a  half  farther, 
the  last  mile  through  the  woods,  and  duly  arrived  at  the  point  of  lookout.  It  was 
a  high  bluff  upon  the  north  side-of  the  river,  perhaps  three  hundred  feet -above 
the  water.  This  point  was  approached  by  a  moderately  level  road  through  the 
woods;  but  on  each  side,  both  above  and  below  the  promontory,  was  a  deep,  dense- 
ly-wooded ravine,  produced  by  small  brandies  emptying  into  the  river.  There  was 
barely  level  ground  broad  enough  on  the  brink  of  the  cliff  fronting  the  river  to 
place  the  guns  at  proper  intervals.  The  ravines  on  each  side  were  impassable  to 
horses  on  account  of  the  steepness  of  their  sides  near  the  river;  but  farther  back 
they  could  be  crossed.  A  rivulet  ran  along  the  bottom  of  each.  To  bring  the 
^?ater  required  for  the  sponge-buckets  up  the  precipitous  slopes  was  a  severe  task. 
From  the  rear  a  squad  of  cavalry  could  easily  dash  into  and  take  the  battery  with- 
out resistance,  as  no  infantry  or  other  force  held  ground  in  the  vicinity.  With 
these  reservations  the  spot  was  admirable  for  its  purpose.  It  commanded  a  view 
of  the  river  two  or  three  miles  above  and  about  twelve  hundred  yards  below.  At 
about  this  distance  below  the  river  disappeared  to  the  right  around  a  bluff  similar 
to  and  a  little  higher  than  the  one  occupied.  This  bluff  below  the  Captain  and 
Lieut.  Watson  sometimes  thought  the  better  position  of  the  two.  It  might  have 
been  less  accessible,  however.  The  ground  was  cleared  off  a  little,  just  enough 
of  the  tall  undergrowth  rising  above  the  edge  of  the  precipice  to  mask  the  battery 
from  an  observer  on  the  river  being  alluwed  to  remain.  "When  the  sun  rose  the 
second  morning  of  the  watch  the  incipient  pontoon-bridge,  a  mile  and  a  half  dis- 
tant in  a  straight  line  up  the  river,  was  in  plain  sight  from  the  battery,  though  it 
was  five  miles  off  by  the  almost  impassable  wagon-road.  The  river  was  hiirh. 
though  not  out  of  its  banks.  The  construction  of  the  bridge  seemed  to  proceed 
slowly.  The  cables  were  in  position  and  pontoon-boats  spanned  the  stream,  hut 
plank  for  the  floor  had  to  be  brought  a  considerable  distance.  The  neighborhood 
for  miles  in  every  direction  had  to  be  scoured  for  material,  and  when  obtained  it 
was  of  very  inferior  quality,  taken  as  it  was  from  old  fences,  old  buildings:,  and 
the  like.  The  track  on  the  bridge  had  to  be  closely  watched  and  repaired  every 
hour,  for,  though  the  artiiiery-train  was  almost  a  nullity,  the  army  still  consisted 
of  about  forty  thousand  men  all  told,  and  the  ceaseless  grinding  of  wheels  on  the 
inferior  plank  of  the  bridge  kept  the  vigilant  engineer  corps  repairing  till  thev 
had  a  Moor,  such  as  it  was,  not  less  than  six  inches  thick.  However,  not  until  the 
second  day  after  the  arrival  at  Bainbridge  did  the  army  begin  to  cross,  and  then 


1 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        833 


but  slowly  and  in  a  column  of  provoking  tenuity,  as  it  appeared  to  the  battery 

men  on  picket  duty  in  an  isolated  spot  apparently  exposed  to  cavalry  raids;  while 
as  10  gun-boats,  none  could  be  heard  of  in  the  river.  Citizens  who  called  at  the 
bluff  to  see  the  guns  neither  knew  nor  had  heard  any  thing  of  Federal  gun-boats 
within  hundreds  of  miles.  No  corn  was  brought  along,  as  the  forage-wagons  had 
been  ordered  out  in  quest  of  plank  for  the  pontoon-bridge.  At  nigTit,  therefore, 
Sergeant  G.  W.,  Cheatham  was  sent  out  with  half  a  dozen  mounted  drivers  with 
sacks  to  procure  rations  for  the  teams.  This  supply  could  not  be  found  nearer 
than  three  or  four  miles,  but  in  this  way  only  were  the  horses  fed  for  three  succes- 
sive days.  Directly  after  occupying  the  position  on  the  first  day  the  battery  had 
been  made  ready  for  instant  action,  and  this  readiness  had  all  the  time  been  scru- 
pulously maintained,  for  the  order  was,  "Fire  if  you  even  see  the  smoke  of  a  gun- 
boat." During  the  first  and  second  days  the  men  had  not  much  to  do.  unless  to 
watch  the  slow  column  on  the  bridge  and  grumble  at  its  slow  progress.  Every 
night  a  dense  fog  hid  the  river  from  sight,  rendering  its  navigation  impracticable, 
and  sometimes  the  fog  lasted  till  late  in  the  forenoon.  An  island,  a  mile  or  two 
long  by  half  a  mile  in  breadth,  lay  in  front  of  the  battery,  but  the  navigable  chan- 
nel of  the  river  was  the  pass  between  the  island  and  the  foot  of  the  cliff  on  which 
stood  the  guns,  the  pass  being  perhaps  two  hundred  yards  wide. 

About  nine  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  third  day's  watch,  while  considerable 
fog  still  hung  over  the  river,  the  Captain  and  Watson  noticed  some  streaks  in  the 
mist  darker  than  seemed  to  belong  to  the  vapor  over  the  lower  bluff  twelve  hun- 
dred yards  distant.  Presently  all  eyes  were  scanning  this  possible  index  of  a  gun- 
boat. Meantime  an  infantry-man,  of  the  dozen  or  two  who  had  reported  at  the 
station  the  day  before  to  act  as  lookouts  below  the  lower  point  that  intercepted  the 
farther  view  down  stream,  came  scrambling  breathless  up  the  side  of  the  deep 
ravine  on  the  right,  and  said,  '"'There's  a  boat  coming  up  the  river."  Of  course 
there  was  no  doubt  about  the  character  of  the  boat,  for  the  arrival  of  a  large  iron- 
clad at  Florence  the  day  before  had  been  reported ;  but  she  could  not  ascend  higher 
on  account  of  the  shoals  which  begin  at  that  place.  The  so-called  "  tin-clads," 
however,  could  traverse  the  river  at  pleasure. 

As  the  order  to  "tire  if  the  smoke  of  a  gun-boat  were  seen"  had  already  been 
disobeyed  by  delay,  it  was  concluded  to  wait  still  further  and  let  the  craft  come 
into  sight.  In  a  few  minutes  the  bow  of  a  gun-boat  peered  around  the  lower  bluff) 
and  as  the  fog  had  rapidly  vanished  in  the  clear  sunlight  three  port-holes  on  its 
side  were  discernible,  and  a  piece  of  artillery  stood  on  the  bow.  The  deck  was 
black  with  people  standing  and  gazing  intently,  as  it  seemed,  at  the  pontoon- 
bridge,  which  was  in  plain  sight  to  them  as  soon  as  they  rounded  the  bluff'  before- 
mentioned.  The  Captain  ordered  to  load  with  solid  shot,  and  directed  the  gun- 
ners to  train  their  pieces  upon  the  advancing  vessel.  When  the  boat  had  left  the 
lower  bluff  perhaps  fifty  yards  behind,  a  second  boat,  equipped  precisely  like  the 
first,  and  like  it  covered  with  observers,  made  its  appearance,  and  followed  its  pred- 
ecessor. The  battery  men  were  now  eager  to  fire,  but  as  the  enemy  appeared 
entirely  unsuspicious  of  the  proximity  of  resistance,  the  officers  determined  to  wail 
till  the  boats  should  be  nearly  opposite  the  guns,  when  it  would  be  possible  to 
sink  them  both. 

A  glance  at  the  bridge,  from  the  middle  of  which  the  boats  could  also  be  -ceo, 
showed  that  the  situation  was  well  understood  there;  for  a  gap  had  formed  in  ih? 


834:  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


middle  of  the  column,  the  part  nearest  the  south  .side  rapidly  passing  over  and 
off  the  bridge,  while  the  other  part  of  the  column  refused  to  advance,  but  could 
not  easily  recede,  as  the  entrance  of  the  bridge  did  not  permit  a  view  down  the 
river,  and  therefore  the  cause  of  the  halt  could  not  instantly  be  made  known  to 
the  rear. 

The  gun-boats,  propelled  by  lr>w-pressure  engines,  continued  to  move  slowly  up 
the  river  almost  noiselessly.  The  rush  of  their  bows  and  the  splosh  of  their 
wheels  could  now  be  heard.  The  guns  were  shotted  and  the  lanyard  in  hand 
when  the  boat  in  front  suddenly  "yawed"'  to  the  right,  evidently  for  the  purpose 
of  casting  a  broadside  at  the  bridge.  Instantly  the  order  to  commence  firing  was 
given  in  the  battery,  and  four  shots  a  minute  from  each  gun  began  to  be  thrown. 
The  densely  packed  decks  were  cleared  as  by  magic,  and  before  the  second  volley 
could  be  given  nobody  was  in  sight  on  either  of  the  boats.  But  their  gunners 
were  ready  to  fire,  and  opened  from  both  sides  of  the  vessels  simultaneously  with 
the  battery,  as  far  as  could  be  noticed.  Their  aim  was  wild,  however,  their 
shots  passing  through  the  tree-tops  overhead,  falling  near  the  entrance  to  the 
bridge,  and  some  even  three  miles  distant,  on  the  south  side  of  the  river.  The 
attempt  to  present  the  broadside  to  the  bridge  was  at  once  relinquished,  and  both 
boats  began  to  back,  at  the  same  time  keeping  up  a  rapid  and  tremendous  tire  of 
their  guns;  and  thus  they  continued  to  retire  till  they  disappeared  stern  foremost 
around  the  lower  bluff,  behind  which  they  got  up  a  most  unearthly  and  prolonged 


whistling.     The  battery  pursued  with  solid  shot  till  the  bouts  were  out  of  sight, 
,  and  then  sent  some  exploring  missiles  over  their  protecting  bluff.     At  the  time 

of  the  first  shot  the  vessels  were  about  eight  hundred  yards  distant — a  good  range 
— and  the  slight  effect  of  the  tire  was  a  wonder  to  all.  At  the  first  volley  the 
stern  of  the  foremost  boat  was  struck,  and  this  was  the  only  hit  certainly  known 
to  be  made.  The  gunners,  were  experienced,  but  not  accustomed  to  firing  at  ob- 
jects below  a  horizontal  range,  and  this  may  possibly  explain  the  impunity  which 
the  enemy  enjoyed. 

A  shell  from  the  hostile  guns  fell  close  to  Gen.  Hood's  quarters  near  the  bridge, 
and  the  General  quickly  inquired,  "What's  that?"  But  Gen.  Elzey,  who  was 
sitting  near,  said  it  was  only  the  gun-boats  that  were  trying  to  make  acquaintance 
with  one  of  his  batteries,  which  would  certainly  engage  the  enemy's  entire  atten- 
tion. In  quick  succession  two  staff  officers  from  hend-quarters  visited  the  picket- 
station  in  fifteen  minutes  after  the  firing  to  ascertain  and  report  the  exact  nature 
of  the  skirmish.  It  was  noticed  also  that  when  the  boats  disappeared  down  the 
river  the  column  on  the  bridge  again  advanced  with  accelerated  speed,  and  closet! 
up  densely.  The  best  possible  time  was  henceforth  made  at  the  crossing.  Some 
_  had  thought  and  asserted  that  to  hold  a  battery  in  the  exposed  situation  whence 
the  gun-boats  had  just  been  repulsed  was  a  needless  challenge  to  the  enemy's  cav- 
alry, but  now  the  superior  information  or  intuition  of  the  commanding  General 
was  demonstrated. 

It  was  hoped  the  battery  would  make  good  its  crossing  with  the  rest  of  the 
army;  but,  whether  so  or  not,  it  was  clear  that  the  picket-station  must  be  held  till 
the  hist  moment.  However,  no  more  jrun-boats  appeared  or  threatened,  and  about 
midnight  of  the  fourth  day  of  this  solitary  watch  orders  and  a  guide  came  from 
head -o carters  to  march  to  the  bridge.  It  was  pitch  chirk,  the  distance  five  miles,  the 
road  through  the  woods  and  old  fields,  and  in  the  bottom  near  the  river  a  conti- 


Segmental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


835 


nent  of  mud.  In  ten  minutes  the  march  began,  twu  cannoneers  with  lighted  port- 
fires guarding  the  passage  of  each  niece  and  each  caisson.  Through  the  ceaseless 
vigilance  of  every  officer  and  man  the  low  grounds  half  a  mile  from  the  river 
were  reached  without  accident  in  an  hour  and  a  half.  Over  the  remaining  part 
of  the  road — if  road  it  might  he  called  which  was  only  one  broad  quagmire  in  the 
forest — the  whole  army  had  passed,  and  nothing  but  skillful  driving  and  the  power 
of  ten  horses  to  the  carriage  moved  the  battery  across  the  slough  to  the  entrance 
of  the  bridge.  In  fact,  the  rear  piece  finally  mired  down  and  stuck  fast.'  At  the 
same  time  the  last  port-tire  burned  out.  The  men  waded  around  the  team  and 
carnage  to  find  some  way  to  relieve  them;  but  nothing  could  be  done  till  messen-  . 
gers  were  sent  forward,  who  brought  back  two  whole  teams,  and  these,  with  the 
team  already  attached,  were  able  to  force  the  piece  along  and  at  last  to  bring  ii 
upon  firm  ground.  Through  the  skill  and  energy  of  Lieut.  Finis  E.  White  the 
column  of  caissons  was  also  brought  over  this  formidable  road,  and  the  battery 
was  ready  to  cross.  Not  a  dozen  men  besides  were  present,  nor  another  gun-car- 
riage nor  wheeled  vehicle  of  any  sort.     The  army  had  disappeared. 

The  bridge  :vas  vacant,  and  the  artillery  passed  over  quietly.  The  track  on 
both  sides  was  brilliantly  lighted  from  shore  to  shore.  In  the  bow  and  stern  of 
each  postoon-boat  sat  a  picked  soldier,  who  kept  a  torch  burning  in  a  sort  of  iron 
basket,  and  thus  he  had  a  close  and  clear  view  of  the  great  cables,  the  flooring,  and 
*all  the  appurtenances  essential  to  the  safety  of  the  passage.  The  swift,  water  ran 
and  roared  and  welled  and  walloped  under  the  floor  and  between  the  boats,  but 
the  structure  was  as  firm  as  a  pavement.  In  fact,  the  work  seexned  Titanic,  and 
the  thoughtful  traveler  could  not  pass  over  it  without  a  sense  of  respect  for  the  skill, 
the  power,  and  the  prudence  that  threw  it  across  the  otherwise  impassable  Hood. 
The  battery  went  into  position  on  the  bank  a  few  yards  below  after  crossing,  and 
remained  till  after  daylight. 

Directly  after  the  battery  had  passed  the  signal  to  take  up  the  bridge  was  given ; 
and  when  the  sun  rose  the  pontoon-boats  were  already  launched  into  their  proper 
wagons,  and  Bainbridge  was  left  to  its  accustomed  solitude.  The  pontoon-train, 
however,  was  taken  two  days  after  by  a  raiding  party  under  the  Federal  General 
Steadman,  south  of  Russellville,  Ala.,  and  burned.  The  battery  proceeded  with 
the  army,  accompanied  for  two  or  three  days  by  a  fusiladeof  the  gun-boats  in  the 
river,  westward  through  Tuseumbia,  Jacinto,  Rienzi,  and  then  south  through  Cot- 
ton-gin Port  and  Aberdeen  to  Columbus.  Camping-ground  was  found  three  miles 
west  of  this  place  for  the  artillery,  but  the  infantry  moved  elsewhere,  and  were 
next  seen  on  the  east  side  of  the  Savannah  River  by  their  old  comrades  at  Rain- 
bridge. 

At  Columbus  rearrangements  had  to  be  made  and  deficiencies  had  to  be  supplied. 
Twenty  or  thirty  men  from  the  infantry  were  assigned  to  Marshall's  Cattery,  and 
a  full  complement  of  horses  harness,  and  other  essentials  were  provided.  About 
three-fourths  of  the  field  artillery-men  of  the  army  were  ordered  to  report  to  the 
commandant  of  Mobile  for  duty  on  the  sie.sre-batteries  of  that  place,  as  nearly  all 
the  field-pieces  were  lost  at  Nashville.  Stevenson's  battalion  of  artillery  was  now 
composed  of  Marshall's,  Corput's,  and  Beauregard's  batteries,  the  latter  com- 
manded by  a  son  of  Gen.  Beaure<_rard.  Rowrm's  battery,  previously  a  member  of 
the  battalion,  was  lost  at  Nashville,  and  Capfc.  Rowan  was  there  killed.  Capt. 
Corpiit  was  absent  on  leave,  not  yet  having  recovered  from  his  wound  received 


83G  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


while  standing  in  Rowan's  battery  at  Atlanta.  Capt.  Marshall  was  therefore  .sen- 
ior Captain  present,  and  was  ordered  early  in  February,  18(55,  to  take  command 
of  the  battalion  on  the  march  eastward  to  join  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  in  North 

S  Carolina.     At   Columbus,  Miss.,  Capt.  Semmes,  sun  of  the  great  Admiral,  paid 

Loth  men  and  officers  their  dues,  which  had  been  accumulating  upward  of  twelve 
months.  The  column  was  thus  enabled  to  start  on  its  great  march  to  the  East 
with  plenty  of  money.  The  guns  were  sent  around  by  rail,  in  charge  of  Lieut. 
James  M.  Cockrill,  to  Macon,  Ga.,  where  the  two  sections  of  the  command  were 
to  be  again  united.  Heavy  rains  had  prevailed  for  two  or  three  weeks,  and  it  was 
not  easy  to  ascertain  at  Columbus  by  what  route  the  high  water.-  of  Sipsey  River 
could  be  passed.  A  course  was  finally  indicated  by  Lieut. -col.  Hoxton,  after  con- 
siderable investigation,  and  found  to  be  practicable. 

Gen.  Lick  Taylor,  now  in  command  of  the  Department  of  the  "West,  authorized 
the  artillery  column  on  this  march  to  take  all  necessary  supplies  for  men  and 
horses  wherever  they  could  be  found  on  the  way,  giving  receipts  which  the  Gov- 
ernment ordered  to  be  accepted  by  the  tax-collectors  in  lieu  of  tithes;  also  the 
column  was  authorized  to  demand  whatever  aid  might  be  requisite  in  the  construc- 
tion of  bridges  and  the  repair  of  roads  for  the  transit  of  this  section  of  the  army. 
The  latter  privilege  was  not  exercised,  though  the  roads  and  bridges  were  gener- 
ally bad;  but  supplies  had  to  be  taken  along  nearly  the  whole  extensive  march, 
and  always  against  the  indignant  protest  of  the  forced  contributors.  The  depart- 
ment had  issued  orders  for  the  deposit  of  supplies  at  certain  points  on  the  road, 
so  as  to  avoid,  if  possible,  this  offensive  mode  of  collecting  public  dues,  but  not  in 
a  single  instance  was  there  a  bushel  of  corn  or  a  soldier's  ration  found  at  the  des- 
ignated depots.  It  was  no  doubt  in  anticipation  of  the  inefficiency  of  post  quar- 
termasters that  the  cartedjlanehe  authority  was  given  to  the  moving  column. 

From  Columbus,  Miss.,  the  route  taken  was  through  Alabama  by  way  of  Tusca- 
loosa, Wetumpka,  Tuskegee,  to  Columbus,  Ga.;  thence  through  Talbotton  to  Ma- 
con; thence  through  Milledgeville  and  Warrenton  to  Augusta;  thence  through 
South  Carolina,  by  way  of  Edgefield,  Newberry,  and  Chester,  to  Charlotte,  N.  C; 
and  finally  to  Salisbury,  which  place  was  reached  on  the  3d  of  April,  1865. 

At  Wetumpka  the  toll  for  passing  the  column  over  the  bridge  on  the  Coosa  was 
fifty  dollars— half-price,  it  was  said,  as  a  special  favor.  Great  complaint  was  made 
on  being  compelled  to  take  the  fee  in  the  form  of  an  officer's  receipt.  Fourteen  miles 
farther  south,  at  the  ferry  over  the  Tallapoosa,  the  fee  was  again  fifty  dollars,  and 
energetic  but  vain  remonstrance  was  made  to  the  acceptance  of  a  soldier's  receipt 
instead  of  the  money.  At  Columbus.  Ga.,  the  subject  was  better  understood,  as 
also  at  Macon  and  Augusta,  and  nowhere  else  was  any  attempt  ever  made  to  col- 
lect toll  or  ferriage  of  the  column. 

At  Columbus,  Ga.,  a  halt  of  five  or  six  days  was  made  for  the  benefit  of  the 
horses,  as  they  had  deteriorated  on  the  passage  over  bad  roads  and  in  the  worst  of 
weather.  On  the  arrival  at  Macon  another  pause  of  perhaps  a  week  was  made. 
The  guns  were  mounted  upon  their  carriages,  and,  after  some  repairs,  the  column 
started  for  Augusta  by  way  of  Milled.sreville.  not  far  from  which  latter  place  it 
was  found  expedient  to  dismount  the  guns  again  and  send  them  to  Augusta  by  rail 
to  favor  the  horses.  Arriving  at  Augusta,  the  battalion  crossed  the  Savannah  Liv- 
er and  cam  pal  about  three  miles  east  of  Hamburg  for  three  weeks  or  more,  en- 
gaged in  procuring  horses  and  other  iiaiispensables  to  an  efficient  service.     Capt- 


REGIMENTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  PvOLLS.  837 


Corput  here  resumed  command  of  his  battery.  A  portion  of  the  army  supplies 
collected  here  had  to  be  sent  to  the  relief  of  the  destitute  citizens  of  Columbia,  S. 
C,  recently  burned  by  Sherman. 

On  Sunday  the  officers  repaired  to  the  church  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Brantly.  The 
Doctor,  in  his  usual  elegant  manner,  made  some  comments  on  the  unexpected  du- 
ration of  the  war.  Those  to  'whom  men  were  accustomed  to  L©ok  for  worldly  wis- 
dom, he  said,  had  predicted  the  end  in  three  months,  then  in  a  year, etc;  but  new 
we  were  well  advanced  toward  the  end  of  the  fourth  year,  and  still,  apparently, 
peace  was  as  distant  as  ever. 

The  officers  occasionally  took  dinner  at  the  Planter's  House,  where  the  price 
was  twenty-rive  dollars  a  meal.  The  Captain  and  Lieut.  "Watson  one  night  took 
supper  at  a  restaurant.  Two  cups  of  corlee  and  a  chicken,  together  with  the  usual 
collaterals,  were  supplied  to  each.  The  bill  was  fifty-two  dollars  each.  It  was 
soon  found  necessary  to  board  in  camp. 

About  the  middle  of  March  Gen.  I).  IT.  Hill,  commandant  of  the  post,  held  a 
review  of  the  artillery  and  infantry,  the  latter  numbering  perhaps  five  thousand, 
under  command  of  Gen.  \V.  S.  Featherston.  Two  or  three  days  after  the  review 
the  whole  force  was  ordered  upon  the  road  again  for  Johnston's  army  in  ISTorth 
Carolina.  The  column  was  ardently  welcomed  by  the  citizens  along  the  route 
through  South  Carolina  as  the  Army  of  Tennessee,  though  much  of  the  command 
was  from  Mississippi,  and  such  testimonials  of  their  pleasure  as  the  casualties  of 
war  had  permitted  them  were  offered.  These  were  fragant  flowers  and  tasteful 
mottoes,  hundreds  of  which  garlanded  the  fences,  gate-ways,  and  buildings. 

On  the  3d  of  April  the  battalion  of  artillery  arrived  at  Salisbury,  and  was  there 
halted  by  orders  from  Gen.  Beauregard.  Here,  alter  remaining  in  camp  on  the 
edge  of  the  town  eight  or  ten  days,  after  gazing  at  the  house  in  which  Lord  Corn- 
waliis  had  his  quarters,  and  at  another  in  which  Gen.  Greene,  of  Revolutionary 
fame,  had  his,  and  also  after  visiting  the  moss-covered  cottage  in  which  Andrew 
Jackson  studied  law,  the  command  was  ordered  to  return  to  the  vicinity  of  York- 
ville,  S.  C,  10  graze  their  horses.  The  infantry  and  artillery  had  parted  company 
some  time  previous. 

In  the  execution  of  Gen.  Beauregard's  order  the  battalion  had  reached  a  point 
three  miles  south  of  Charlotte,  a  two-days'  march,  and  had  gone  into  camp  for 
the  night,  when  a  courier  appeared  with  an  order  to  return  at  once  to  Salisbury. 
Early  the  next  morning  the  column  was  marching  for  Salisbury  again,  and  on  the 
second  night  of  the  return  march,  after  dark,  arrived  in  town.  Gen.  Bradley 
Johnson  had  very  recently  arrived  also,  and  was  commandant  of  the  post.  Gen. 
Pemberton  was  also  present,  a  guest  of  Gen.  Johnson's;  so  also  a  Major  of  the 
engineer  corps,  direct  from  Gen.  Lee's  army  in  Virginia,  and  by  him  the  position 
of  the  approaching  artillery  had  already  been  selected.  Confederate  States  Sen- 
ator G.  A.  Henry,  of  Tennessee,  on  his  retirement  from  Richmond,  staid  in  Sal- 
isbury that  night,  the  12th  of  April,  1865.  There  were  forty  or  fifty  convalescent 
soldiers  of  diflerent  commands  present  on  their  way  to  Lee's  army  in  Virginia. 
Besides  these  about  a  hundred  and  fifty  Federal  prisoner*,  who  had  taken  the  oath 
of  fidelity  to  the  Confederacy,  were  in  town,  not  on  duty,  but  waiting  for  some-1 
thing  to  do. 

The  Federal  General  Stoneman,  with  two  thousand  men  (he  really  had  seven 
thousand  within  supporting  distance),  was  reported  to  he  sixteen  miles  west  of 


838  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Salisbury  at  sunset.  The  excitement  in  the  little  town  was  intense.  Whenever 
a  party  of  officers  rode  through  the  streets,  however  late  in  the  night,  numerous 
and  anxious  inquiries  would  be  made  about  the  situation;,  especially  by  the  women. 
Ko  men — at  least  in  citizen's  dress — were  visible. 

The  artillery  officers  called  on  Gen.  Johnston  for  whatever  directions  he  might 
wish  to  give.  He  only  said,  '{  Put  your  batteries  on  the  ground  selected  by  the 
engineer."  This  position  was  tod  far  from  town,  being  two  and  a  half  miles  for 
the  left  section  of  Marshall's  Battery  and  about  a  mile  and  a  half  for  the  right 
section,  and  the  same  for  Corput's  and  Beauregard's  batteries.  The  enemy  could 
easily  lap  around  the  left  flank  of  the  line  of  batteries  and  attack  them  in  the 
rear,  between  the  town  and  the  position,  which  was  the  very  course  the  hostile 
cavalry  did  take  on  this  part  of  the  Held;  and  that  too  when  the  left  had  been 
withdrawn  a  mile  nearer  the  city.  The  three  batteries  formed  a  line  running 
nearly  north  and  south  and  about  four  and  a  half  miles  in  length,  crossing  three 
roads  converging  from  the  west  upon  Salisbury.  Their  positions  were  taken  about 
11  o'clock  at  night,  without  even  the  semblance  of  a  line  of  infantry  for  support. 
In  front  of  the  whole  line  of  artillery  ran  a  small  stream  in  a  pretty  deep  ravine, 
and  beyond  this  ravine  the  land  was  generally  timbered,  though  on  the  left  the 
trees  were  sparsely  scattered.  Marshall's  Battery  occupied  the  left,  Beauregard's 
the  center,  and  Corput's  the  right  of  the  line.  Between  the  two  sections  of  Mar- 
shall's Battery — the  Captain  and  Lieut.  Watson  taking  charge  of  the  left  section, 
which  was  the  extreme  left  of  the  line,  and  Lieut.  Cockrill  commanding  the  right 
section — between  liiese  two  sections,  we  repeat,  was  the  Salisbury  and  Morgantown 
railroad,  running  east  and  west.  The  track  was  supported  across  the  ravine  on  a 
pretty  heavy  fill,  and  approached  the  ravine  through  a  deep  cut  on  both  sides.  A 
dirt  road  also  crossed  the  ravine  close  to  the  extreme  left  of  the  line  of  batteries 
by  a  bridge  over  the  creek.  A  grist-mill  and  mill-pond  were  also  close  to  the  dirt- 
road  on  its  left  as  the  Confederate  line  fronted.  Two  other  dirt-roads  also  crossed 
^  the  line  of  batteries,  as  before  stated,  but  these  need  not  be  more  definitely  de- 
scribed. 

The  three  companies  bivouacked,  keeping  sharp  watch,  the  horses  not  unhar- 
nessed, and  the  guns  in  battery  looking  across  the  ravine  to  the  west.  The  sky 
was  clear.  Sixteen  mile!  were  an  easy  xf.-rht's  march  for  cavalry,  and  promptly 
at  dawn  the  few  dozen  convalescents  doing  picket  duty  three  or  four  hundred 
yards  in  front  fired  a  few  shots  and  made  ::ieir  way  back  into  town.  It  was  suf- 
ficient, however,  to  announce  '.he  presence  of  the  enemy,  and  after  a  few  minutes, 
as  it  became  lighter,  horsemen  could  be  seen  flitting  about  as  if  for  reconnois- 
sance.  Capt.  Marshall  ordered  the  left  ~e  rion  to  open  tire,  and  immediately  the 
-  whole  park  followed,  as  "n  fact  the  enemy  were  maneuvering  across  the  whole 
front  and  around  the  fiansrs  besides.  Very  rapid  tiring  was  maintained  about 
twenty  minutes,  the  enemy  meantime  no-  showing  themselves  in  front. 

Just  before  sunrise  the  Jforgantown  freight-train  started  from  Salisbury  on 
time,  and  came  dashing  _-  ~_  right  between  the  two  sections  of  the  left  battery, 
passed  over  the  fill  act  ss  ::  e  ravine,  ax  :  disappeared  on  its  way  to  its  destina- 
tion. The  Captain  ordered  :  > ase  firing,  ss  i:  seemed  possible  that  no  enemy  was 
in  front,  and  the  mounted  :~^~  seen  might  be  friends.  Gen.  Bashrod  Johnson, 
commandant  of  the  pas*.  *  Hi  surely  :  ave  forbidden  the  train  to  leave  if  the 
line  of  the  enemv  were  .  - -.::-.    Lire  '  s  the  railroad  track,  thought  the  ar- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         839 


tillery-men.  But  presently  all  doubt  about  the  character  of  the  people  in  fr>:it 
was  removed  as  the  rising  sun  permitted  better  observation,  and  the  firing  was  re- 
sumed. Soon,  however — that  is,  about  twenty  minutes  after  the  freight-train  had 
passed — the  sound  of  another  train  from  town  was  heard,  and  the  passenger-train 
swept  along  the  cut  between  the  guns  on  its  way  to  Morgantowri  also.  Dr.  L.  B. 
McCrearv,  .Surgeon  of  the  battery,  ran  to  the  edge  of  the  cut,  and  signaled  by 
voice  and  gesture  the  danger  ahead.  lie  was  unheeded  except  by  some  of  the 
passengers,  who  of  course  were  apprehensive  about  traversing  ground  on  which 
they  had  just  heard  at  least  an  hour's  cannonading.  Some  one  of  them,  as  was 
afterward  learned,  clambered  through  the  apartments  of  the  cars  by  the  doors 
then  used  to  communicate  with  the  engineer,  and  stopped  the  train  just  as  the 
locomotive  entered  the  cut  on  the  wot  side  of  the  ravine.  Several  ladies  and 
gentlemen  then  stepped  out,  among  whom,  as  remembered,  were  Col.  Clark  M. 
Avery,  of  the  Thirfy-third  North  Carolina,  and  Mrs.  Gen.  Polk  and  her  two  daugh- 
ters. These,  by  picking  their  way  to  the  bottom  of  the  ravine,  made  good  their 
return  to  Salisbury. 

The  battery  commanding  the  situation  meantime  ceased  firing  till  the  pas- 
sengers were  at  the  bottom  of  the  ravine,  when,  seeing  one  of  the  enemy  Irving 
to  board  the  tender  with  a  handful  (>?  what  seemed  to  be  blazing  sticks  and  leaves, 
the  Captain  ordered  to  resume  energetic  action.  At  this  moment  the  train  becran 
to  move  forward,  showing  that  some  audacious  Federal,  probably  familiar  with 
railroad  work,  had  got  aboard  and  turned  on  steam.  The  practiced  gunners  of  the 
battery  fired  through  and  through  the  train,  trying  to  dash  the  wheels,  or  some 
essential  part,  to  pieces;  but  they  failed  to  disable  the  running  apparatus,  and  the 
train,  riddled  with  cannon-shot,  slowly  passed  into  the  cut,  where  it  stopped  and 
soon  burst  into  flames,  as  the  captors  had  made  a  promising  tire  in  every  car. 
The  artillery-men  had  to  content  themselves  with  shelling  the  whole  front,  which 
they  did  with  a  reibsfr  lavish  expenditure  of  ammunition. 

Corput's  and  Beauregard's  batteries  had  been  equally  active  on  the  right,  though 
for  the  last  twenty  minutes  or  so  their  guns  had  not  been  heard.  Until  the  sus- 
pension of  Corput's  and  Beauregard's  batteries  the  artillery-firing  had  been  con- 
tinuous for  about  an  hour  and  a  half,  except  the  few  minutes  forborne  while  the 
railway-trains  were  passing.  A  courier  from  Maj.  Johnston  now  approached  Capt. 
Marshall,  and  said  the  Major  ordered  the  battery  to  be  withdrawn  toward  the 
town  till  it  should  be  on  a  line  with  the  other  batteries,  thus  accounting  for  tiie 
silence  on  the  ri^ht,  for  they  were  changing  position;  nor  did  they  go  into  action  ' 
again  further  than  to  fire  a  shot  or  two. 

The  left  section  was  limbered  up  at  once,  pulled  into  the  road,  and  moved  at  a 
trot  toward  town,  all  in  plain  view  of  the  enemy,  who  w^re  seen  galloping  down 
the  opposite  side  of  the  ravine  by  the  grist-mill  as  the  battery  passed  over  a  slight 
elevation  in  the  road.  When  about  half  a  mile  from  town  a  single  discharge  of 
artillery  was  heard  on  the  right,  and  as  this  was  the  only  index  available  of  the 
position  of  the  rest  of  the  line,  t lie  section  halted,  a  high  fence  was  pulled  down, 
the  suns  entered  the  field,  and  were  at  once  put  in  battery  and  into  action  again. 
The  aim,  however,  could  be  taken  by  conjecture  only.  Trees  prevented  any  dis- 
tant view;  and  high  ground  close  to  the  left  concealed  whatever  might  be  going 
on  in  that  direction. 

In  about  fifteen  minutes  after  this  position  was  taken  the  enemy's  cavalry  came 


8-10 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


dashing  down  the  road  as  if  from  town  in  the  rear,  while  the  guns  were  playing 
to  the  front.  They  were  at  first  thought  to  be  Confederate  troops,  as  the  so-called 
"galvanized  Yankees"  were  in  the  rear;  and  thus  the  hostile  forces  galloped  into 
the  field  through  the  same  gap  that  admitted  the  battery  before  these  veteran  ar- 
tillery-men saw  that  the  game  was  ended  and  their  occupation  gone.  The  teams 
shied  at  the  rush,  and  the  gunners  ceased  firing  without  orders.  Thus  fell  in  an 
obscure  skirmish  the  old  battery  that  began  its  career  in  May,  1861,  at  Randolph, 
Tenn.,  on  the  Mississippi  River;  had  thrice  traversed  the  Confederacy  with  the 
great  armies;  had  participated  in  all  the  general  actions  and  in  minor  ones  too 
numerous  to  mention;  and  had,  in  short,  seen  more  service  perhaps  than  any 
other  single  field-artillery  company  west  of  the  Alleghanies. 

Lieut.  Watson,  beiniz  well  mounted,  attempted  to  jump  one  of  the  fences  that 
surrounded  the  small  field,  but  his  horse  refused.  The  enemy  were  dashing  about 
trying  to  fire  their  pistols,  but  they  seemed  to  be  all  out  of  order  or  recently  dis- 
charged; and,  besides,  these  troopers  had  evidently  been  favored  with  heavy 
whisky  rations.  A  cavalry  officer  leveled  his  pistol  at  Capt.  Marshall,  who  was 
at  the  time  on  foot  and  not  more  than  five  yards  off,  but  the  weapon  failed.  The 
cavalry-man  then  said,  "If  you  remain  where  you  are  you  will  not  be  hurt."  The 
Captain  only  answered,  "  You  have  the  battery."  At  this  moment  some  disturb- 
ance seemed  to  ari-e  among  the  enemy,  who  all  started  at  high  speed  out  of  the 
little  field  into  the  road ;.  and  the  Captain,  supposing  the  tide  was  changing  or  re- 
lief of  some  kind  was  at  hand,  called  out,  "Cannoneers,  to  your  posts!"  The  enemy 
turned  back  at  once,  and  again  tried  their  empty  arms  without  effect  at  the  Cap- 
tain, who  probably  did  not  merit  entire  impunity  this  time,  but  still  he  had  only 
made  an  awkward  mistake.  "  Double-'piick  these  men  to  the  rear!"  was  now  the 
order,  and  the  officers  and  about  forty  men  were  prisoners  of  war  for  the  first  time, 
and  taken  to  the  rear — that  is,  to  the  Confederate  front — across  the  before-men- 
tioned ravine,  where  was  the  enemy's  field  hospital.  There  were  some  desperately 
wounded  men  under  the  hands  of  surgeons.  The  enemy  had  paid  something  for 
their  success.  Only  two  of  the  battery  were  seriously  wounded,  and  these  by 
their  own  guns  in  the  last  position,  for  the  want  of  water  in  the  sponge-buckets. 
From  this  cause  occurred  a  single  premature  discharge,  permanently  disabling 
two  men.  The  three  batteries  were  all  captured,  and  about  half  the  men.  Capt. 
Marshall,  Lieut.  Watson,  and  Dr.  McCreary  were  the  only  officers  taken.  The 
doctor  was  liberated  the  same  day. 

Lieut.  Cock  rill,  commanding  the  right  section  of  Marshall's  Battery,  gallantly 
repulsed  several  charges  of  th,e  enemy,  and  when  they  found  no  infantry  to  im- 
pede their  movement  around  the  flank  of  the  artillery  line,  he  attempted  to  move 
the  section  off  at  a  gallop;  but  the  cavalry  was  too  near,  and  overtook  the  guns 
less  than  a  mile  beyond  Salisbury.  The  Lieutenant  and  the  mounted  non-com- 
missioned officers  escaped;  so  also  the  officers  and  mounted  non-commissio.ied  of- 
ficers of  Corput's  and  Beauregard's  batteries.  By  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning  the 
enemy  and  the  captured  artillery-men  were  all  in  town,  the  latter  in  the  prison- 
er's pen  previously  occupied  by  Federal  prisoners,  and  the  former  feeding  their 
horses  on  corn  poured  out  on  the  pavements  of  every  street  in  town.  The  reader 
may  v/cnder  why  Cen.  Johnson,  or  some  of  the  officials  in  town,  did  not  warn  the 
Morgantown  tr:uns  not  to  start  on  a  trip  through  a  line  of  battle.  It  is  answered 
that  the  post  commandant  and  his  stall'  were  not  in  town  at  the  critical  moment. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         841 


They  had  all  left  on  a  south-bound  train  about  the  time  the  first  gun  was  heard. 
The  writer  conversed  on  the  subject  afterward  with  Confederate  States  Senator  G. 
A.  Henry,  of  Tennessee,  who  passed  the  night  preceding  these  events  in  Salis- 
bury. 

After  dark  the  large  pen  or  building  in  which  the  Confederate  pri-oners  v.  ere 
held  was  set  on  lire,  and  when  the  whole  neighborhood  was  lighted  up  with  the 
burning  the  inmates  were  ordered  out.  They  were  conducted  across  the  scene  of 
the  recent  skirmish,  and  compelled  to  wade  the  creek  where  they  had  broken  down 
the  bridge  near  the  grist-mill  the  previous  night,  and  halted  close  to  the  burned 
railroad-train  till  morning. 

About  three  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  column  of  prisoners — numbering  seven 
hundred  or  more,  counting  those  the  enemy  had  taken  elsewhere — began  its  march 
westward,  and  proceeded  twenty-six  miles  without  halting  more  than  a  few  min- 
utes. A  rest  of  two  hours  was  then  taken,  and  the  march  resumed.  The  prison- 
ers were  repeatedly  examined  by  the  guard  for  arms  and  valuables,  and  in  a  few- 
days  no  one  was  supposed  to  be  worth  searching.*  The  march  was  painfully  rap- 
id, being  apparently  hastened  by  pursuit.  Considerable  firing  was  heard  in  the 
rear  on  the  second  day,  and  the  prisoners  smiled  at  each  other  significantly  in  an- 
ticipation of  a.  stampede.  It  was  rumored,  on  what  authority  the  writer  knows 
not,  that  Gen.  Beauregard  was  the  party  pursuing,  and  that  he  was  close  on  the 
heels  of  the  enemy.  It  is  unnecessary,  however,  to  say  that  the  prisoners  went 
too  fast  to  be  overtaken.  The  route  was  from  Salisbury  through  Statesville,  Tay- 
lorsville,  Lenoir,  and  over  the  Cumberland  Mountains  into  Tennessee,  through 
Jonesboro  to  Greeneville,  when  the  march  ceased.  It  had  been  terribly  severe  to 
those  who  had  been  accustomed  to  ride  or  walk  at  pleasure.  The  surrender  of  Lee 
had  been  reported  at  Salisbury  the  day  before  the  battery  was  taken,  but  no  South- 
ern soldier  gave  it  up  till  the  arrival  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  where  information  that 
could  not  be  doubted  confirmed  the  report.  The  assassination  of  Lincoln  also  was 
known  to  the  guard  in  forty-eight  hours  after  it  occurred,  though  the  column  was 
then  among  the  mountains,  so  miraculously  does  the  knowledge  of  decisive  events 
travel.  Stoneman  in  a  day  or  two  turned  the  prisoners  over  to  a  Col.  Kirk,  who 
seemed  inclined  to  resent  the  deatii  of  Lincoln  upon  the  prisoners.     The  Colonel 


*Capf.  Marshall  carried  his  .cold  watch  in  his  bootdeg.  safelv  wading  rivers,  and  finally  en- 
tered Camp  Cha«e,  and  emeruins  with  his  watch  unhurt.  The  robber  guard,  however,  took 
his  Royal  Arch  Masonic  mark,  which  was  a  locket,  havina  in  it  the  likeness  of  Washington. 
In  fact-,  they  took  every  thing  he  had  in  his  pocket,  except  three  dollars  in  Confederate 
money,  while  crossing  Cumberland  Mountain. 

In  the  frill  of  ISb.j  the  Secretary  ol  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter  at  Clarksville,  T<-nn.,  received  a 
note  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter  at  lona,  Mich.,  saying  he  had  seen  a  Ma- 
sonic mark  in  tie  hands  of  n  person  who  probably  had  no  right  to  it.  He  said  it  bore  the  in- 
aeriportft  "  L.  G.  Marshall.  Chapter  3,  Clarksville,  Tenn."  Was  there  ever  a  member  of  that 
Chapter  of  that  name,  and  was  he  in  good  standing?  If  so  the  mark  would  he  sent  for  RfiR 
dollars  {it  cost  fifteen),  as  it  hud  been  sold  to  a  jeweler.  The  Secretary  of  the  Clarksville  Chap- 
ter replied  in  the  affirmative  to  the  questions  from  Michigan,  and  sent  his  answer  tof  ,;.:• 
Marshal!  for  his  comments  and  decision  about  sending  the  five  dollars.  He  replied  that  he 
would  pay  the  price  on  delivery,  but  not  otherwise,  and  told  the  Michigan  Masons  the  story 
of  the  watch  safely  carried  while  the  mark  was  taken.  A  full  year  elapsed  before  any  further 
word  was  received  on  the  PWhject,  when  the  Grand  Secretary  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Tetm*5« 
<3ee  received  similar  inquiries  from  the  Grand  Secretary  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Michigan. 
Similar  answers  were  returned,  and  in  four  weeks  the  mark  was  «ut  to  the  owner,  free  of  all 
charges,  from  the  Secretary  at  Detroit. 


812  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

had  seen  no  service,  as  one  of  his  Lieutenants  said,  except  the  care  of  unarmed 
men. 

At  Greeneville,  Tenn.?  the  column  was  taken  upon  the  train  in  box-cars,  and 
passed  through  Chattanooga,  Nashville,  Louisville,  and  Indianapolis  to  Camp 
Chase,  live  miles  west  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  which  point  was  reached  on  the  4th  of 
May.  The  treatment  of  prisoners  had  been  very  severe  at  this  place  some  time 
previous,  but  as  the  war  was  now  considered  ended  resentments  had  softened,  and 
the  fare  was  altogether  tolerable — indeed,  the  rations  were  a  gocxl  deal  better  and 
more  ample  than  this  last  influx  of  Confederates  had  been  accustomed  to  receive 
ia  their  own  armies. 

On  the  14th  of  June,  1865,  the  last  of  the  artillery-men,  whose  history  we  have 
only  very  imperfectly  related,  were  released  from  Camp  Chase,  after  the  usual 
oath,  and  began  to  look  around  for  other  engagements. 

The  Captured  Battery. 

Sergeant  Sterling  K.  Cockrill  gives  the  following  account  of  the  loss  of  the  first 
or  right  section  of  Marshall's  Battery  at  Salisbury,  X.  C.  April  13,  1865: 

On  the  evening  of  the  12th  of  April,  I860,  the  first  section  of  our  battery,  con- 
sisting of  the  first  and  second  guns,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Cockrill,  was  sent 
out  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  town  with  the  "galvanized"  gentry  aforesaid  to 
do  picket  duty.  At  the  first  streak  of  dawn  on  the  morning  of  the  13th  we  were 
ordered  into  position,  and  in  a  few  minutes  a  body  of  cavalry  were  discoverable 
through  the  gray  mist  in  our  front.  \Ve  were  not  sure  whether  they  were  friend 
or  foe,  but  our  doubt  was  soon  dispelled,  for  the  column  deployed  into  line  and 
swept  down  in  a  gallop  upon  us.  There  was  a  creek  immediately  in  our  front, 
with  precipitate  banks,  skirted  on  either  side  with  a  line  of  timber.  Beyond  this 
to  the  front  was  a  broad,  open  field,  through  which  the  cavalry  came.  We  re- 
ceived them  first  with  solid  shot,  then  with  canister,  and,  as  they  drew  nearer 
still,  with  double  charges. of  canister.  "When  they  reached  the  timber  on  the 
creek  the  line  broke  and  retreated  in  a  good  deal  of  disorder  to  the  opposite  side 
of  the  broad  field  alluded  to.  They  were  there  re-formed,  and  crossed  the  field 
again  at  a  sweeping  gallop,  led  by  a  commanding-looking  soldier  on  a  large  white 
horse.  The  line  showed  signs  of  wavering  earlier  than  at  first;  but,  led  on  and 
encouraged  as  they  were  by  the  gallant  leader  on  the  white  horse,  they  came  to 
within  about  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  yards  of  the  gun?,  wavered,  broke,  and 
fled  pell-mell.  Not  so,  however,  with  the  rider  of  the  white  steed.  There  was 
no  flight  in  him.  As  I  look  back  now  through  the  mist  of  years  upon  that  April 
morning  he  seems  grander  than  a  statue  in  bronze  as  he  checked  his  charger  in 
the  very  teeth  of  the  guns,  raised  himself  full  height  in  his  stirrups,  and  tried  to 
rally  and  cheer  on  his  men.  At  this  juncture  I  could  hear  his  words,  when  they 
were  not  drowned  by  the  noise  of  our  two  guns,  and  I  am  compelled  to  bear  wit- 
ness that,  as  his  men  deserted  him,  he  then  and  there,  for  the  time  at  least,  lost 
his  piety.  Unlike  Polk,  our  warrior-priest,  he  asked  for  no  proxy  to  do  his  "cuss- 
ing/' but  stood  tiptoed  in  his  saddle,  ami  showed  himself  a  veritable  trooper  in 
swearing.  But  he  railed  in  vain,  and  wiien  he  could  do  no  more,  instead  of  fol- 
lowing the  mad  flight  of  his  troops,  he  struck  a  gentle  pace  and  retired  as  sullenly 
as  a  lion  from  his  prey.  But  we  were  not  Lost  in  admiration  of  the  scene,  for  both 
guns  had  been  active,  and  both  were  now  specially  directed  at   the  rider  of  the 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls. 


843 


white  horse.  I  myself  sighted  the  first  piece  at  him  three  times  charged  with 
canister.  We  literally  harrowed  the  ground  around  him,  and  followed  htm  with 
solid  shot  till  he  was  out  of  range.  He  was  a  shining  mark,  this  rider  of  the 
white  horse,  but  he  was  spared  for  a  noble  end.  I  learned  the  next  day  from  one 
of  our  men  who  was  captured  and  had  escaped  that  this  gallant  rider  was  none 
other  than  Stoneman,  he  who  but  a  month  ago  led  the  Democracy  of  the  farthest 
West  to  victory.  In  battle  "  he  was  brave  as  Uba's  grizzlies  are,"  and  in  peace,  I 
am  told,  as  ''proud  as  any  king."  However,  Stoneman— for  it  was  his  command — 
crossed  some  men  afoot  over  the  creek  to  our  left,  charged  us  in  flank,  and  we 
limbered  up  and  left  in  a  gallop.  The  galvanized  infantry  that  was  left  to  sup- 
port us  made  no  effort  at  resistance.  We  were  not  much  disappointed  in  this,  for 
we  stood  in  fear  of  their  guns  being  turned  on  us.  They  were  content,  however 
to  hug  the  groand  close  until  the  cavalry  occupied  our  position. 

We  returned  through  Salisbury,  joined  the  battalion,  and  continued  the  retreat 
through  the  town.  It  was  at  Salisbury  that  a  lady,  fearing  we  were  short  of  men 
to  manage  the  guns,  offered  to  take  the  place  of  number  three  at  either  piece,  and 
serve  through  the  day.  Her  services  were  admiringly  declined.  We  started  off 
with  the  gun^,  hoping  to  get  a  start  of  the  enemy  and  escape,  but  we  were  over- 
taken and  the  guns  captured  in  a  line  not  more  t-han  three-quarters  of  a  mile  from 
the  town.  The  officers  and  mounted  non-com  missioned  officers  escaped,  I  among 
the  number.     A  few  of  the  men  who  took  to  the  brush  also  escaped. 

It  is  proper  in  this  connection  to  mention  the  gallant  conduct  of  W.  J.  Picrson, 
who  was  of  the  second  piece.  My  piece  (the  first)  was  at  the  head  of  the  column 
on  the  retreat.  The  second  piece  was  next  behind  me.  When  it  was  found  that 
the  cavalry  was  close  upon  us,  and  that  there  was  no  chance  to  carry  oil'  the 
guns,  the  command  was  given  the  men  to  take  care  of  themselves  as  best  they 
could.  Upon  this  Pierson  ran  to  the  rail  fence  to  our  right  and  began  to  climb 
over,  but  at  once  got  down  on  the  ground  again,  and  drew  his  pistols  as  he  did  so. 
He  was  the  only  man  in  the  company,  perhaps  in  the  battalion,  provided  with 
side-arms.  A  Federal  officer  had  spurred  ahead  of  his  column,  and  was  coming 
at  full  speed,  passing  by  the'guns,  apparently  making  for  the  head  of  the  column 
to  stop  our  progress  at  once.  Four  or  iive  men  were  about  a  hundred  yards  be- 
hind him,  and  the  cavalry  column  still  behind  them.  It  was  for  the  purpose  of 
stopping  this  officer  that  Pierson  came  back.  At  any  rate  he  came  back  into  the 
road  and  tired  upon  the  officer  at  about  twenty  paces.  The  officer  spurred  upon 
him,  elevated  himself  in  his  stirrups,  and  raised  his  sword  to  strike  him.  Pierson 
fired  again.  The  saber  dropped  from  his  grasp,  he  careened  in  his  saddle,  his  horse 
wheeled,  when  Pierson  fired  the  third  time.  The  officer  fell  from  his  saddle  mor- 
tally wounded,  struck  by  each  shot,  I  was  afterward  told.  By  this  time  the  squad 
of  cavalry  that  followed  him  were  close  up,  and  Pierson,  in  the  same  fool-hardy 
manner,  stood  his  ground  and  opened  on  them.  I  did  not  stay  to  see  the  result  of 
this  little  brush,  but  Pierson  afterward  told  me  that  lie  unseated  one  of  these, 
knocked  down  the  horse  of  a  second,  climbed  the  fence,  and  escaped.  The  officer 
referred  to  was  shot  within  a  few  yards  of  me.  lie  wore  shouidcr-straps  with  sil- 
ver eagles  upon  them,  indicating,  I  believe,  a  Lieutenant-colonel.  Pierson  is  now 
living  in  Batesville,  Ark.,  and  is  as  obstinate  and  fool-hardy  now  as  then.  lie  is 
a  Republican,  I  believe,  of  the  stalwart  stripe. 

The  remnant  of  our  compaay  was  aerer  gathered  together.     Gen.  Lee  had  ai- 


844 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


ready  surrendered,  and  Gen.  Johnston  surrendered  not  long  afterward.  Thinking 
perhaps  the  contest  would  continue  west  of  the  Mississippi,  I  started  without  a 
parole  for  that  department.  I  was  taken  in,  however,  and  paroled  at  Marion, 
Ala.;  and  I  sincerely  hope  that  I,  nor  my  children,  nor  my  children's  children, 
may  never  be  called  upon  to  enlist  in  any  military  move  again.     I  got  enough. 


LYNCH'S    BATTERY. 

By  Charles  S.  McDowell,  Eufaula,  Ala. 

I  write  this  brief  history  of  our  company  from  memory.  I  have  no  knowl- 
edge of  records — hence  dates  will  be  few. 

The  manner  and  means  by  which  Tennessee  was  carried  out  of  the  Union  were 
highly  repugnant  to  the  people  of  East  Tennessee.  Intensely  loyal  to  the  Gov- 
ernment and  traditions  of  their  fathers,  swayed  by  no  prejudice,  their  love  for  sec- 
tion was  merged  into  love  for  their  whole  country  and  the  liberty  of  its  people. 
A  section  prolific  of  great  men  implies  a  people  instructed  in  the  science  and  his- 
tory of  government,  keenly  alive  to  interest  and  the  preservation  of  their  liberty. 
Little  wonder,  then,  that  she  should  stand  solid  against  the  policy  of  secession 
when  called  to  sanction  the  dissolution  of  a  compact  sealed  by  ancestral  blood; 
or  that,  when  in  the  hurry  of  events  ''.State  fortune  :'  was  ca,>t  with  the  South  by 
natural  affinity  and  blood,  a  line  so  sharp  was  drawn.  Upon  one  sAe  or  the 
other  the  spirit  of  the  times  impelled  every  one  capable  of  thought  and  action. 
Those  who,  treading  policy  and  preferment  under  foot,  followed  the  lent  of  incli- 
nation and  natural  arteetion,  casting  their  fortune  with  the  Sonth.  stood  guard 
and  ward  over  their  homes  and  household  gods,  can  well  at?  r  1  the  name  of  loy- 
alty to  those  who,  mayhap  from  a  sense  of  duty,  were  impelled  to  take  op  arms 
in  support  of  the  Union,  It  was  a  struggle  to  the  hardy  sons  of  East  Tennessee 
and  a  sharp  analysis  of  duty  which  led  them  to  put  aside  aliesLau ce  to  General 
Government  and  against  conviction  of  policy  fight  for  bare  right  It  is  the  high- 
est embodiment  of  patriotism,  and  carries  the  germ  of  that  prowess  which  for 
four  long  years  bore  the  folds  of  the  Southern  flag  in  face  of  armies  recruited 
without  stint  from  every  quarter  of  the  habitable  globe. 

From  this  people  and  section — from  the  counties  of  Jewess :i.  C  As?.  Greene, 
Washington,  and  Sullivan — was  recruited  Lynch's  Batter;.-.  >rgau£Bfcd  »:  Ne>v 
Market,  Jefferson  county,  the  latter  part  of  1S61.  Captain,  I  ho  Pey:  -  Lynch, 
than  whom  a  more  conscientious  man  never  drew  sword  or  t  r-^er  stood  '.  "  -: 
J.  M.  Carmack,  First  Lieutenant;  W.  Shields,  Second  Laeuieaass,  wish  ;  .•:  -i  :r:e 
hundred  and  fifty  men  rank  and  Cle. 

The  morale  of  the  company  was  notable.  It  was  compose*  ir-araly  i  the  -  as 
of  Presbyterian  families — such  men  as  a  little  more  than  txs-%.  z  \i  .--:  7^  -  — 
fore  were  following  the  fortunes  of  Cromwell.  An  oath  was  rarely  btsH  in  fe 
camp,  nor  did  the  gambling  and  petty  thieveries  comm  q  .-.  -_.— 
find  countenance  here.  The  moral  discipline  of  the  li  :.-—-..-  '_•::--  A;  r'rA:, 
whether  by  the  camp-fire,  on  the  march,  or  upon  the  bar.!— r-~A 

Soon  after  we  broke  up  camp  under  orders  to  Corinth,  M  s  '..-■_■-.  '  •"  A  Bo 
ler.  of  West  Tennessee,  was  assigned  bv  Gen.  Polk  as  J  .:     :  A--;  Lk&^sxzss, 


REGIMENTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  ROLLS.  8-45 


John  M.  Carmack  retiring  on  account  of  bad  health.  We  were  ordered  to  Gre- 
nada, Miss.,  to  get  oar  equipments — guns,  horses,  etc. — arriving  there  in  Febru- 
ary, 1863,  In  March  following  we  were  ordered  back  to  Corinth,  and  placed  in 
charge  of  the  siege-guns  on  the  breastworks  to  the  right  of  the  Mobile  and  Ohio 
railroad.  Here  the  company  was  reorganized.  Lynch  was  reappointed  Captain; 
Shields,  Senior  First  Lieutenant;  W.  E.  Butler,  Junior  First  Lieutenant;  and 
Lieut.  Hill,  of  Buckets  battery,  was  assigned  as  Senior  Second  Lieutenant. 

"When  Corinth  was  evacuated  our  company  was  among  the  last  to  leave,  carry- 
ing all  its  guns.  We  were  ordered  to  Columbus,  Miss.,  where  we  did  garrison 
duty  for  several  months.  Here  Lieut.  Hill  was  ordered  back  to  his  companv. 
We  were  ordered  to  hold  an  election  for  two  Lieutenants.  Sergt.  Tip.  Elmore 
was  elected  Senior  Second  Lieutenant,  and  Sam  MeCampbell  Junior  Second 
Lieutenant.     Lieut.  Wui.  Shields  died  before  we  left  Corinth. 

From  Columbus  we  were  ordered  to  Yicksburg,  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  up- 
per water-battery,  composed  of  four  siege-guns,  where  we  were  enQa.ued  in  many 
day  and  night  attacks  from  gun-boats,  having  the  honor  and  gratification  of  sink- 
ing  the  "Chickasaw"  when  that  gun-boat  attempted  to  run  the  Yicksburg  bat- 
teries, greatly  discomfiting  the  enemy  for  the  time.  The  company  also  partici- 
pated in  the  fight  at  Chickasaw  Bayou,  where  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service 
they  were  complimented  by  the  General  in  command. 

During  the  siege  we  had  charge  of  guns  in  rear  of  Yicksburg,  where  was  done 
good  service.  We  suffered  severely  in  killed  and  wounded  among  officers  and 
men,  but  remained  in  charge  of  this  position  until  the  surrender  of  the  place: 
were  then  paroled,  and  went  into  parole  camp  at  Demopolis,  Ala. 

Early  in  September,  1803,  we  were  ordered  to  Atlanta,  where  the  company  re- 
cruited preparatory  to  exchange,  which,  however,  was  not  had  until  July,  1864 
In  the  meantime  we  had  been  transferred  to  the  vicinity  of  Bristol,  Tcnn.  AVhen 
the  exchange  was  made  a  new  company  had  been  recruited  on  the  nucleus  of  the 
old,  ready  and  eager  for  the  field,  furnished  with  a  light  battery,  two  twelve- 
pound  howitzer*,  two  ten-pound  Napoleon  guns,  cannoneers  mounted,  and  for 
duty  assigned  to  a  cavalry  division  composed  of  Yaughn's  brigade  of  mounted  in- 
fantry and  Morgan's  cavalry,  operating  against  the  Federal  force  in  E:ist  Ten- 
nessee. Here  there  was  a  company  trained  to  service  of  siege-iruns  suddenly 
transformed  into  flying  artillery,  but  the  prospective  service  braced  the  nerves 
and  fired  the  heart  of  every  man  by  immediate  action  for  recovery  of  heme, 
while  fronting  us  were  foemen  worthy  of  our  steel;  neighbors,  friends — yea, 
brothers  by  affinity  and  consanguinity — fighting  for  their  homes. 

Omunierouswar!  O  strife  implacable! 

"When  brother's  blood  by  brocher'3  hand  is  shed. 

Yarying  fortune  carried  us  in  quick  succession  over  the  greater  part  of  Upper 
East  Tennessee  and  South-west  Virginia,  pushing  the  enemy  back  to  Ids  forts  at 
Strawberry  Plains,  and  in  turn  being  drawn  to  the  defense  of  Saltville,  Va..  where 
was  defeated  the  raid  fur  its  destruction  in  a  short,  slmrp,  and  decisive  battle. 
Then  came  the  last  struggle  for  supremacy  in  East  Tennessee  in  October,  1S64 
Breckinridge,  now  in  command  of  the  department,  and  in  personal  command  -  i 
the  troops  in  the  field,  with  all  available  force— at  best  a  mere  handful — moved 
down  the  valley  to  mer-t  Gillem.  whose  pickets  were  encountered  six  miles  below 
Greeneville^  driving  him  into  intrenehments  on  the  mountain-side  at  Bull's  ( rap. 


8-16 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


During  the  night  our  battery  was  placed  in  position  in  an  open  field  some  six  or 
seven  hundred  yards  from  the  enemy's  line.  On  our  right  was  a  section  of  Bur- 
rows's  battery,  Lieut.  Blackweli  commanding  it.  At  the  dawn  of  day  we  com- 
menced tiring.  Soon  the  infantry  engaged.  Unceasingly  the  fight  raged  until 
o  o'clock  in  the  evening.  Steadily  the  two  armies  had  held  their  ground,  besieg- 
ers and  besieged,  all  day.  Sunday  we  lay  upon  the  field  with  no  battle.  Sunday 
night  marching  orders  came,  and  soon  we  were  away  to  the  rear  of  the  enemv. 
who,  not  aware  of  our  movements,  had  started  on  his  retreat  to  Knoxville.  Our 
roads  intersected  six  miles  below  the  gap;  and  there  we  struck  him,  and  captured 
him  all  along  his  road  of  precipitate  flight  for  twenty-eight  miles — wagons,  artil- 
lery, and  men. 

Pushing  on  to  Strawberry  Plains,  we  attacked  the  enemy's  forts,  but  could  not 
reduce  them.  Our  army  was  then  slowly  withdrawn  to  Greenevilie,  where  oar 
battery  remained  about  two  weeks.  The  Federals  having  been  heavily  reenforced. 
Stoneman,  with  a  large  body  of  mounted  infantry  and  cavalry  moving  up  the  val- 
ley of  the  Hoiston  via  Rogersville,  had  made  considerable  advance,  it  seems,  be- 
fore we  had  orders  to  break  camp,  and  were  thus  nearly  cut  off.  We  then  started 
on  what  proved  a  most  disastrous  retreat  for  five  days  and  nights.  Resting  but 
three  times  to  feed  cur  jaded  horses,  we  sat  in  saddle,  our  weary  battery-horses 
dragging  our  guns  over  East  Tennessee  winter  roads  which  would  have  been  im- 
passable save  under  the  spur  of  dire  necessity.  The  main  roads  being  in  posse- 
sion of  the  enemy,  we  took  to  the  mountains,  literally  carrying  our  guns  where 
they  could  not  be  drawn.  At  last,  under  the  morning-stars  of  the  fifth  day,  a: 
Seven-mile  Ford,  in  Virginia,  in  the  very  teeth  of  the  enemy,  whose  camp-fires 
gleamed  on  the  meadows  until  lost  in  the  darkness,  we  crept  from  the  mountain- 
roads  onto  the  turnpike,  and  started  afresh  for  Wythevillc,  our  escort  only  the 
shattered  pieces  of  two  regiments,  hoping  to  reach  there  and  save  the  battery. 
Our  main  force  of  cavalry  had  gone  to  defend  the  lead-mines  on  N"ew  River,  ex- 
pecting to  meet  Stoneman  there.  Here  Lieut.  AVm.  F.  Butler,  in  command  of 
one  section  of  the  battery,  while  gallantly  working  his  two  guns,  unsupported  by 
the  demoralized  cavalry,  received  a  severe  saber  wound  on  the  head,  and  was  left 
as  dead.  He  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  and,  being  soon  paroled,  was  pro- 
moted a  few  days  afterward  to  a  Captaincy  of  artillery  by  a  special  order  from 
Gen.  Breckinridge,  specifying  "for  gallant  conduct." 

But  here  was  Stoneman  in  full  force  at  Seven-mile  Ford.  Soon  his  bugles  called 
to  saddle,  and  his  force  was  thrown  in  our  pursuit.  Seven  miles  up  the  pike,  a: 
Marion,  we  had  halted  to  feed,  and  were  just  moving  out  when  his  advance-guard 
struck  us,  while  yet  too  dark  to  distinguish  friend  from  foe.  Quickly  the  fight  in 
the  streets  became  furious.  Moving  our  guns  by  a  bridge  over  a  narrow  stream. 
we  took  position  and  opened  fire,  checking  the  enemy's  advance  for  a  time.  Our 
force  was  now  divided,  the  battery  by  section.  We  commenced  a  painful  retreat, 
fighting  as  we  went,  for  ten  long  hours,  closely  pressed  by  the  enemy,  until  be- 
tween Mount  Airy  and  Cedar  Creek  we  made  our  last  stand,  when  wc  were  com- 
pletely run  over.  Our  battery  was  lost — every  thing  gone — many  killed,  many 
wounded,  some  captured,  and  the  remainder  scattered  throughout  the  woods  and 
country. 

Wearied  by  his  long  pursuit,  hampered  with  his  wounded,  in  the  heart  of  an 
exhausted  country,  in  midwinter,  the  cold  so  intense  that  it  fought  against  him, 


fro  t4 1 


J^m 


t 


crrt^TA^ 


.Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       S-17 


the  enemy  started  on  his  retreat.  He  had  to  abandon  his  captives,  and  they >■•  ■  n 
rejoined  the  shattered  remnants  of  their  respective  commands,  which  in  turn  hang 
upon  his  retreating  flanks  like  Cossacks  on  the  rear-guard  of  the  "Grand  Army." 
Our  broken  battery  straggled  into  rendezvous  at  Wytheville.  It  was  rapidly  re- 
cruited, furnished  with  six  splendid  guns,  and  attached  as  Co.  A  to  Pace's  battal- 
ion, then  formed  of  ail  the  artillery  in  the  department — three  companies,  1  thick. 
But  little  active  service  was  had  in  the  early  spring.  The  toils  now  drawing 
closely  around  the  doomed  Confederacy  caused  the  evacuation  of  Richmond  and 
concentration  of  all  available  forces.  About  April  1st  we  took  up  our  line  of 
march  northward,  objectively  for  Danville,  there  to  join  Lee's  army.  We  had 
reached  Christiansburg,  Ya.,  when  we  received  the  news  of  Lee's  surrender. 
Gen.  Echols  was  now  in  command  of  this  body  of  troops,  Breekin ridge  having 
been  made  Secretary  of  War.  By  orders  to  regimental  and  company  command- 
ers the  surrender  of  Lee  was  announced,  and  our  entire  command  disbanded  with 
advice  and  request  to  reach  Johnston's  army,  in  North.  Carolina,  by  personal  ex- 
ertion. It  is  not  pertinent  here  to  criticise  this  order  disbanding  a  division  nearly 
surrounded,  without  provisions,  the  enemy  in  force  within  one  day's  march,  leav- 
ing us  to  make  personal  surrender  to  United  States  troops  upon  such  terms  as 
each  could  make  wherever  and  whenever  found.  I  believe  each  man  made  his 
surrender  with  the  most  consummate  generalship. 

Such  is  the  history  of  Lyneh's  Battery,  a  company  which,  whether  on  siege  cr 
in  the  field,  always  held  the  post  of  honor — full  on  the  front.  Our  men  clothed 
themselves,  and  when  mounted  each  cannoneer  owned  his  horse.  We  were  never 
paid,  save  forty  dollars  while  in  parole  camp  at  Atlanta  in  1SG3,  yet  not  one  word 
of  complaint,  or  possibly  a  thought  on  that  deficiency,  was  heard  or  had  throughout 
the  long  struggle.  Twenty  years  almost,  with  softening  influence,  have  flowed  on, 
bringing  the  man  of  middle  age  into  the  "  sear  and  yellow  leaf"  and  the  gay-hearted 
boy  to  mature  manhood  who  gathered  as  comrades  around  the  company's  oamp-iires. 
In  reunion  we  will  fight  our  battles  over  again,  and  hold  in  reverence  our  dead — 
those  who  fell  in  battle  and  those  who  since  have  fallen  by  the  way.  Though  scat- 
tered widely  in  the  busy  walks  of  life  to  a  new  nation,  the  survivors  still  look  iu 
sadness  to  that  bright  morning — April  12.  1SG5 — when,  under  the  shadow  of  the 
great  Virginia  mountain,  we  spiked  our  guns,  cut  down  their  carriages,  and  took 
up  the  burden  of  our  Lost  Cause,  accepting  the  terse  expression  of  our  great  chief: 
"Human  virtue  should  equal  human  calamity." 


MORTON'S  BATTERY. 

By   Frank   T .    Rcid,    Nashville,    Tek.v. 

On  the  27th  of  December,  1SG2,  at  Dresden,  West  Tennessee,  Morton's  Bat tery 
was  organized.  It  numbered  sixty-three  non-commissioned  officers  and  men. 
John  W.  Morton,  jr.,  was  appointed  Captain;  A.  W.  Gould,  First  Lieutenant: 
and  T.  Sanders  Sale,  Second  Lieutenant  It  rendered  material  service  in  the  prin- 
cipal engagements  and  skirmishes  that  were  fought  on  Gen.  Forrest's  first  rail 
into  West  Tennessee. 


848  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Shortly  after  its  return  to  Columbia  it  accompanied  the  ill-advised  and  unfortu- 
nate expedition  commanded  by  Gen.  'Wheeler  against  Fort  L>enelson.  It  next 
plaved  an  effective  part  in  the  celebrated  capture  of  CoL  Streight  and  his  command 

in  North  Alabama  the  latter  part  of  April,  1868.  It  was  on  this  expedition,  and 
just  before  the  fierce  tight  at  Town  Creek,  that  Lieut.  Tully  Brown,  under  orders 
from  Gen.  Brao-«-,  reported  to  Gen.  1'orrcst  for  duty  as  an  artillery  officer,  and  al- 
though not  permanently  assigned  to  a  command  in  the  battery  until  its  return  into 
Middle  Tennessee,  he  yet,  by  a  pergonal  order  from  Gen.  Forrest,  during  a  portion 
of  this  spirited  engagement  assumed  charge  of  one  of  the  guns,  and  handled  it 
with  conspicuous  gallamry. 

About  the  10th  of  May,  in  Columbia,  Gen.  Forrest  killed  Lieut.  Gould.  The 
facts  are  these:  The  General  had  sent  word  to  Lieut.  Gould  that  he  must  leave  his 
command.  The  ground  of  this  dismissal  whs  imputed  cowardice.  Gould  imme- 
diately called  at  Forrest's  head-quarters,  and  the  General,  seeing  that  he  was 
[highly  excited,  made  an  appointment  to  meet  him  later  in  the  day  at  his  ofrke  in 
the  rear  of  the  Bank  of  Columbia  building.  There  they  met  near  the  door  of  this 
room,  and  Gould  vehemently  denounced  as  false  the  charge  preferred  against  him. 
At  the  sam<->  time  he  cocked  a  pistol  which  he  had  in  his  pocket.  Forre-t,  who  at 
the  time  held  a  pocket-knife  open  in  his  hand,  quickly  struck  him  one  blow  with 
it  in  the  breast.  Gould  drew  his  pistol  and  fired,  striking  the  General  in  the 
groin,  and  then  retreated  into  an  adjoining  store.  Forrest  hurried  into  his  office, 
and  there  procured  a  pistol,  and  then  followed  in  the  direction  Gould  had  tied. 
He  found  him  lving  on  the  counter,  and  fired  one  shot  at  him,  which,  however, 
did  not  take  effect.  Gonld  staggered  to  his  feet  find  again  retreated,  but  showed 
such  evident  weakness  from  loss  of  blood  that  the  General  discontinued  the  attack. 
Forrest's  wound,  although  in  a  dangerous  part,  fortunately  healed  in  a  week  or  so. 
Gould  died  after  a  few  day?.  The  writer  was  hot  at  that  time  a  member  of  the 
battery,  but  he  is  convinced,  from  what  he  heard  afterward  from  those  best  quali- 
fied to  speak,  that  the  imputation  of  cowardice  against  Lieut.  Gould  grew  out  of 
a  mistake  into  which  Gen.  Forrest  ought  never  to  have  fallen,  and  had  no  foun- 
dation in  fact  to  justify  it.  According  to  the  testimony  of  his  comrades  who  saw 
him  more  than  once  under  a  heavy  fire,  he  always  displayed  perfect  self-pcssession 
and  cool  courage.     His  death  was  a  lamentable  tragedy. 

The  battery  took  its  share  in  covering  and  protecting  the  retreat  of  Gen.  Bragg 
on  Chattanooga,  and  in  the  great  battle  of  Cliicfcamanga  that  shortly  thereafter 
followed.  It  was  on  the  eve  of  this  battle  that  the  writer  of  this  sketch,  through 
the  influence  of  Capt.  Morton,  was  transferred  from  Co.  F  of  Starnes's  cavalry  to 
the  battery,  and  appointed  Orderly  Sergeant.  At  the  same  time  Georce  Crank, 
a  Williamson  county  boy,  was  transferred  from  the  same  company  and  installed 
as  Bugler  of  the  battery.  Here  also  Harry  Field,  a  "reafular  down-east  Yankee,"' 
born  and  reared  in  Boston,  who,  however,  had  lived  a  few  years  previous  to  the 
war  in  Nashville,  Joined  the  battery  and  proved  himself  a  good  soldier  and  a 
kind,  warmhearted  num.  James  C.  AVoods  (now  residing  at  Craggie  Hope,  near 
Nashville),  an  old  school-mate  of  the  writer's,  here  also  joined  the  battery,  and 
throughout  its  subsequent  career  distinguished  himself  for  Iris  fine  soldierly  qual- 
ities. I  am  not  >ure,  but  it  seems  to  me  that  it  was  here  also  that  Win.  E.  Wat- 
kins  (at  present  a  v.-i.  H-to-do  farmer  of  Davidson  county)  joined  the  battery,  and 
certain.lv  thereafter  it  contained  no  braver  or  better  soldier. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


849 


Two  three-inch  rifled  steel  Hodman  guns  were  captured  by  Cleburne  in  the  fa- 
mous charge  he  made  late  in  the  evening  of  the  19th.  and  were  turned  over  to 
the  battery  and  formed  a  part  of  it  during  the  remaining  years  of  the  war.  Who 
that  witnessed  that  charge  can  ever  forget  it?  The  picture  of  it  comes  before  me, 
more  or  less  blurred  and  indistinct,  as  1  write.  Again  I  see  the  old  dustv  country 
road  blocked  with  our  guns,  the  men  squatting  in  groups  around  a  few  tires  and 
roasting  potatoes  in  tiie  ashes,  the  deep  lull  that  had  fallen  after  the  recent  fight- 
ing between  Cheatham's  division  and  the  enemy  intensified  bv  the  fitful,  solemn 
soughing  of  the  wind  through  the  branches  and  tops  of  the  tall  pines,  that  seemed 
to  grow  taller  and  more  mournful  the  deeper  the  shades  and  gloom  of  evening 
gathered  around;  the  somber  forest  in  front,  soon  to  be  peopled  with  the  ghosts  of 
murdered  men;  and  now,  some  several  hundred  yards  to  our  left,  appears  the  head 
of  a  'steadily  advancing  silent  column,  a  mounted  officer  in  front  and  a  few 
mounted  officers  scattered  at  intervals  along  the  line,  and  the  old  tattered  flags 
tremble  in  the  hushed,  frightened  air  and  cling  close  to  the  flag-staffs.  Along  the 
edge  of  an  old  corn-field,  over  which  vultures  wheel  in  great  circles,  it  continues  to 
advance.  Now  the  sharp  command,  "  Halt!"  Then  the  "Forward  into  line!"  and 
two  thin  lines  move  forward,  without  a  sound,  into  the  deepening  shadows,  and  as 
they  are  about  to  he  swallowed  up  from  sight  the  silence  is  suddenly  rent  as  by 
the  crackle  of  an  immense  conflagration,  and  angry  flames  flash  forth  from  the 
throats  of  ten  thousand  guns.  At  intervals  of  a  kw  minutes  the  sulien  roar  of  one 
or  two  cannon  and  the  wild  laugh  and  scream  of  the  shell  were  heard.  And  now 
the  firing  weakens.  Single  shots  and  volleys  can  be  distinguished,  and  now  it  re- 
cedes in  the  distance,  and  farther  and  farther,  until  at  length  it  dies  away  alto- 
gether. When  some  of  us  went,  a  half  hour  later,  to  where  the  fighting  had  been, 
to  carry  off  the  captured  guns  I  have  spoken  of,  the  moon  had  risen,  and  its  pal- 
lid light  fell  upon  the  ghastly  faces  of  great  numbers  of  corpses.  In  how  many 
far-distant  homes  the  same  light  streamed  through  window-panes  upon  kneeling 
women  and  little  children  praying  for  the  husband  and  father  who  lay  here  in  the 
yellow  leaves  with  the  picture  of  home  and  wife  and  children  rising  up  before  him 
out  of  the  mists  of  death! 

The  next  morning  we  expected  the  battle  to  recommence  at  an  early  hour.  The 
army  was  eager  for  the  fight.  It  snuffed  victory  in  the  air.  But  hour  after  hour 
dragged  by,  and  still  we  held  our  breath  and  listened  to  catch  the  first  opening 
sounds  of  battle.  "We  cursed  in  our  bitter  impatience,  until  the  feeling  grew  into 
gloomy  conviction  that  the  commanding  General  would  again  prove  unequal  to 
his  task.  A  heavy  fog  settled  down  and  enveloped  us  in  a  ghostly  mist.  But  at  last, 
far  off  to  our  left,  at  about  eleven  o'clock  again  the  angry  guns  spat  tire,  and  again 
the  air  was  alarmed  wit-h  the  fierce  uproar  and  clangor  of  battle.  I  can  now  only 
revive  faint  and  imperfect  glimpses  of  the  scenes  I  then  saw.  Toward  the  close 
of  evening  I  see  our  battery  moving  slowly,  with  frequent  short  halts,  through  an 
open  forest  along  a  dusty  road,  and  corpses  are  strewn  thick  on  either  side,  down  a 
gradually  long  descending  slope  until  the  wide  bottom  is  reached,  where  the  guns 
are  halted,  the  riders  remaining  in  the  saddle.  \  lonsr,  wavering  line  of  infantry, 
many  of  th*3  men  hugging  the  ground,  creeps  up  the  gradually  ascending  slope  of 
a  Ion?:  ridge  in  front,  and  shells  scream  through  ranks  and  explode  all  about  us. 
Tn  a  few  minutes  our  guns  are  in  position  on  the  extreme  right.  The  air  is  soon 
heavy  with  sulphurous  smoke,  and  streams  of  fire  leap  from  the  mouths  of  the 
54 


850  Military  Annals  of  Tenness.ee. 


cannon.  Hnrk!  what  means  that  faint  cheering  far  off  down  the  line0  It  swells 
and  grows  in  volume,  and  spreads  up  the  line  until  the  heavens  resound  with  the 
"wild  rebel  yell."     The  red  field  is  won. 

Early  Monday  mnmin«  Forre.-t's  command  was  in  motion,  and  the  pursuit  w.-«- 
not  discontinued  until  Morton's  guns  were  planted  in  sight  of  Chattanooga  ami 
near  enough  to  throw  shells  upon  the  pontoon-bridge  that  there  stretched  across 
the  Tennessee  River. 

In  the  latter  part  of  October  we  lay  encamped  around  Dalton,  Ga.  The  weath- 
er wis  odd  and  rainy,  and  many  of  the  men  suffered  lor  want  of  clothing.  The 
writer  recalls  ttiat  he  was  in  rags,  and  for  some  days  was  barefooted  when  the 
\        .  ground  was  sprinkled  over  with  a  slight  fall  of  snow.     Sergt.  Joe  51.  May  son  was 

in  much  the  same  plight,  and  both  were  eager  to  procure  a  furlough.  So  ~ -_<-r 
was  the  writer  that  shortly  before  this  he  had  attempted  to  work  his  way  lo  At- 
lanta on  a  furlough  signed  only  by  Capt.  Morton  and  Maj.  Kawls,  at  that  time 
chief  of  Forrest's  artillery,  but  had  been  turned  back  with  the  statement  that 
Gen.  Bragg's  signature  was  indispensable.     Mayson  and  myself  conceived  the 


in  moving  terms  the  state  of  our  wardrobe,  and  promised  that  if  a  furlough  wt- re 
given  so  that  we  might  visit  our  relatives  we  would  return  at  the  end  of  the  time 
with  all  the  clothing  we  needed;  and  to  insure  its  reception  by  the  Genera!  him- 
self  we  wrote  on  the  envelope,  "Private  and  personal."  "We  were  both  mere  b  y~. 
and  a  spirit  of  fun  largelv  contributed  to  what  we  did.  A  few  davs  after  this  let- 
ter  was  sent  my  father  arrived  in  camp,  and  I  can  now  see  the  look  of  pain  that 
came  into  his  face  when  he  first  saw  me.  1  was  at  once  clothed  in  a  !i:mikn:e 
uniform  from  top  to  toe.  Weeks  passed,  and  the  fact  that  we  had  written  to  Gen. 
Bragg  had  passed  out  of  our  minds,  -when  one  morning  Mayson  and  myself  were 
summoned  to  Capt.  Morton's  tent,  and  were  told  that  an  officer  of  high  rank 
awaited  our  coming.  Mayson  borrowed  Lieut.  Tully  Brown's  new  coat  an'7  boots, 
and  followed  after  me.  At  the  door  of  his  tent  stood  Capt.  Morton,  and  at  his  side 
an  officer  with  three  stars  on  his  collar.  We  made  the  proper  salute,  and.  were 
introduced  to  the  Colonel  as  Series.  Mayson  and  Reid.  The  Colonel  surveyed  as 
for  several  minutes  from  head  to  foot,  and  there  was  a  grim  smile  on  his  face  and. 
confusion  on  ours.  Then  he  broke  the  silence:  "Well,  sirs,  Gen.  Praj;^  ha-  re- 
ceived your  private  and  confidential  communication,  and  has  coram issioned  me  to 
inquire  into  the  facts,  with  the  instruction  that  if  they  were  as  represented  by  you 
to  give  you  the  furloughs  asked,  but  if  they  were  not  to  have  you  placed  in  irons 
until  a  court-martial  could  pass  on  your  case.  I  think,  Serjeants,  you  >iand  a 
good  chance  of  getting  a  longer  furlough  than  the  one  you  applied  for."  To  un- 
derstand the  terror  into  which  this  threw  us  it  is  only  necessary  to  recall  what  a 
strict  martinet  Gen.  Bragg  was,  and  the  number  of  men,  according  to  report. 
were  being  shot  by  his  orders  about  this  time  for  trivial  breaches  of  discipline. 
It  was  a  great  relief  when  we  discovered  that  the  Colonel  was  not  in  earnest,  but 
was  only  amusing  himself  at  the  expense  of  our  fears. 

It  was  shortly  after  this  that  Gen.  Forrest  was  a<-ii:ned  by  Pre-ddent  Pav:-  to 
the  command  of  the  Department  of  North  Mississippi,  and  carried  with  bin:  a 
small  forte  of  some  three  hundred  hardened  veteran-,  the  nucleus  of  the  ;i;ir  i  •.;- 
mand  he  was  afterward  to  organize.  They  reached  Okolona  November  18,  and 
from  now  on  especially  the  exploits  of  Forrest's  cavalry  read  like  a  wonder-  try. 


Regimental  Histories  axd  Memorial  Rolls.        851 


Day  and  night,  winter  and  summer  alike,  his  indomitable  energy  never  slackened 
or  tired.  He  was  everywhere,  and  fell  \i\mr\  his  enemy  like  a  thunderbolt  out  of 
:«  clear  sky.  He  was  more  than  a  horn  soldier — he  was.  a  horn  god  of  battle.  He 
in  a  Jar-re  measure  infiised  his  own  -plendid  spirit  into  bis  entire  command. 
Tl»e  commonest  soldier  under  his  eye  became  a  hero.  I  think  he  would  have  ac- 
complished substantially  the  same  marvelous  results  with  almost  any  body  of  men 
that  might  have  been  given  him.  Who  of  his  soldiers  can  ever  forget  the  elec- 
trical effect  of  Ids  presence  on  the  hattle-rield  or  the  danger-beleaguered  inarch? 
I  can  now  see,  by  the  flashes  of  lightning  in  the  dark  night,  while  the  rain  falls 
in  torrents,  the  dispirited  column  as  it  s£ niggles  through  the  indescribable  swamps 
of  Mississippi,  men  and  beasts  worn  out  with  loss  of  sleep  and  with  work  and 
hunger.  But  see  how  every  eye  Hushes  wide  open  and  how  each  bent  form  straight- 
ens itself  in  the  saddle — how  the  very  horses  whinney  with  pleasure  and  recover 
their  strength,  at  the  sound  of  that  strange,  shrill  voice,  and  at  the  sight  of  that 
dark  form,  the  incarnation  of  storm  and  battle,  that  rides  by  on  his  big  gray  war- 
steed,  his  legs  swinging  like  pendulums  on  either  side  the  saddle,  and  followed  by 
his  famed  body-guard.  Each  man  is  suddenly  wide  awake,  and  invigorated  as  by 
the  first  fresh  breath  of  early  dawn. 

All  apprehension  of  defeat  slunk  away  at  his  approach.  He  was,  with  all  his 
faults  of  harshness  and  cruelty,  a  genuine,  earnest  man,  and  did  the  work  his  duty 
required  of  him  thoroughly  arc!  wirfa  ail  his  might.  His  commission  as  General 
was  not  only  signed  by  Mr.  Jet'erson  Davis  but  by  the  Almighty  as  well,  and  his 
soldiers  knew  it. 

A  sketch  of  the  part  played  by  Merlon's  Battery  from  hence  on  would  necessi- 
tate an  account  of  all  the  operations  of  Forrest's  command,  for  in  all  the  engage- 
ments of  any  importance  it  contributed  its  full  share  to  the  result  achieved;  and 
this,  when  compressed  into  the  shortest  space  possible,  would  greatly  exceed  the 
limit  prescribed  for  this  article.  Therefore  the  writer  must  content  himself  with 
the  attempt  to  draw  a  rude  outline  picture  of  such  scenes  as  he  can  now  recall, 
from  which  the  reader  may  form  some  conception,  however  imperfect,  of  the  char- 
acter of  the  battery  and  the  part  borne  by  it  in  the  events  that  now  followed. 

A  week  or  two  after  his  arrival  at  Okolona,  Forrest,  at  the  head  of  some  five 
or  six  hundred  men,  with  a  section  of  the  battery,  entered  AVe<t  Tennessee.  Wis 
purpose  was  to  bring  out  from  there  as  large  a  force  of  recruits  and  conscripts  as 
he  could  gather,  and  with  them  organize  an  army.  This  he  accomplished  in 
three  weeks'  time,  in  the  fa.ee  of  a  greatly  superior  body  of  the  enemy. 

The  1st  of  January,  1S*S4.  found  him  camped  around  Conio,  Miss.  Here  an 
incident  occurred  that  serves  to  illustrate  the  looseness  of  the  discipline  which  at 
that  time  prevailed  in  the  battery.  A  few  of  its  officers  were  young  and  hand- 
some, and  therefore  of  course  fond  of  the  admiration  they  undoubtedly  excited 
in  the  breasts  of  all  the  young  ladies  they  met;  and  much  oi  the  time  that  ought 
to  have  been  devoted  to  their  duties  in  camp  was  spent  in  worshiping  at  the  shrine 
of  beauty  and  vanity.  Such  of  them  as  were  old  or  ugly  occupied  the  most  of 
their  time  in  playing  at  cards.  As  a  consequence,  the  men  scarcely  felt  the  influ- 
ence of  subordination  and  discipline.  The  weather  was  intensely  cold.  The 
guns  were  parked  in  an  open  space  where  once  had  stood  a  large  dwelling-house, 
the  charred  remains  of  it  still  in  part  standing,  and  were  inclosed  by  a  half  dozen 
or  more  substantial  log-cabins — servants'  quarters — that  had  escaped  the  tire  an- 


852  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


injured.  The  mess  of  which  I  was  a  member  had  succeeded  in  seizing  and  appro- 
priating one  of  the  largest  and  best  of  these,  and  each  man  had  with  considerable 
labor  constructed  hirn  a  rude  bedstead,  and  had  filled  it  with  cotton  procured  from 
a  gin  not  far  off.  We  were  snugly  and  warmly  housed.  The  wintry  scene  out- 
side— snow  covered  the  ground — and  the  recollection  of  recent  hardships  made 
the  bis  wood-fire  on  the  hearth  diffuse  a  double  sense  of  warmth  and  comfort. 
At  this  moment  came  a  knock  on  the  door,  and  one  of  the  men  entered  with  an 
order  from  Capt.  Morton  that  our  cabin  must  be  vacated,  as  it  was  wanted  by  the 
officers  of  Rice's  battery.  By  this  time  all  the  cabins  were  occupied.  For  the 
moment  there  was  blank  silence,  and  then  from  every  throat  a  cry  of  indignation. 
The  mess  determined  to  resist  this  order.  They  appointed  one  or  two  of  their 
number  to  wait  on  the  Captain  and  remonstrate  against  its  enforcement.  At  this 
juncture  a  Lieutenant  in  Rice's  battery  rode  up  in  front  of  the  door  and  inquired 
when  we  would  leave.  It  was  either  Sergt.  Brady  or  Sergt.  Zaring  whose  wrath 
was  so  violent  and  uncontrollable  that  he  even  threatened  an  assault  upon  the 
officer,  and  loaded  him  with  curses.  Finally  it  was  agreed  that  the  question 
which  of  the  cabins,  including  the  one  occupied  by  our  officers,  should  be  given 
to  the  officers  of  Rice's  battery  should  be  determined  by  casting  lots  that  evening 
at  roll-call.  This  was  done,  and,  strange  to  relate,  the  lot  fell  on  us.  Fven  after 
this  a  few  of  our  number  were  so  carried  away  by  passion  that  they  seized  great 
pieces  of  timber,  and  demolished  the  entire  roof.  The  next  morning  four  or  live 
failed  to  answer  at  roll-call.  They  had  left  in  the  night  for  their  homes.  All 
of  these,  however,  with  one  exception,  returned  after  a  few  months'*  absence. 

About  the  middle  of  February  the  battery,  then  at  Grenada,  was  ordered  to 
West  Point  to  aid  in  intercepting  and  frustrating  Gen.  Grierson's  march  to  join 
Gen.  Sherman  at  Jackson.  The  road  lay  through  dismal  swamps,  and  was  almost 
impassable  from  the  heavy  rains  that  had  been  falling  for  days  uninterruptedly. 
The  command  marched  day  and  night.  On  this  march  Capt.  Morton  had  a  re- 
markable escape  from  death.  It  was  at  night,  and  the  light  from  the  one  or  two 
pine-torches  we  had  could  pierce  only  a  .few  feet  through  the  solid  black  darkness. 
Every  few  minutes  the  wheels  of  the  gun-carriages  and  caissons  would  mire  up 
to  their  hubs  in  the  sticky  mud,  and  to  extricate  them  the  gunners  would  be  forced 
to  £ut  their  shoulders  to  the  wheel,  and  the  drivers  would  stimulate  the  broken- 
down  horses  to  renewed  effort  by  loud  cries  and  blows.  In  crossing  a  corduroy 
bridge  over  one  of  those  black,  snaky,  Styx-like  streams  peculiar  to  the  swampy 
regions  of  Mississippi,  now  swollen  to  a  raging  torrent,  at  this  point  confined  be- 
tween high,  perpendicular  banks  about  fifty  feet  apart,  Capt.  Morton'*  hor^e  car- 
ried him  over  the  edge  of  it.  How  he  succeeded  in  extricating  himself  from 
what  seemed  inevitable  destruction  I  have  never  been  able  to  understand.  Grier- 
son  was  met  and  utterly  routed. 

In  the  latter  part  of  April,  the  term  of  our  enlistment  having  nearly  expired, 
the  members  of  the  battery  held  a  meeting,  at  which  they  unanimously  resolved 
to.  and  did,  reenlist  for  the  war.  A  few  weeks  after  this  Capt.  Morton  was  as- 
signed to  act  as  Chief  of  Artillery,  which  position  he  continued  to  hold  until  the 
close  of  the  war.     Lieut.  Sale  thereafter  commanded  the  battery. 

The  command  left  Tupelo  May  30th,  with  five  days'  rations  in  each  haversack, 
on  what  was  understood  to  be  a  contemplated  raid  into  Middle  Tennessee,  or  in  the 
rear  of  Sherman's  army.     Verily  on  this  march  the  doors  of  heaven  opened  and 


Regimental  Histouies  and  Memorial  Rolls.       853 


the  rain  fell  in  a  solid  body.  On  the  third  day,  and  when  almost  in  sischt  of  tho 
Tennessee  Biver,  the  command  was  halted,  and  after  a  halt-hour  or  so  a  coimter- 
marth  was  ordered.  We  Tennesseans,  1  fancy,  felt  very  much  like  reeapturt  I 
prisoners  on  their  return-way  to  the  dungeon.  We  understood  that  a  large  forte 
had  left  Memphis  to  strike  the  rich  prairie  country  around  Okolona,  and  thus 
destroy  our  depot  of  supplies. 

On  the  8th  of  June  the  command  reached  Booneville,  a  small  station  on  the 
Mobile  and  Ohio  railroad.  The  battery  was  encamped  a  few  feet  from  the  tvaa  k, 
where  stood  a  box-car,  in  which  three  deserters  were  confined,  who  were  to  be  shot 
the  next  day.  A  preacher  was  with  them,  and  I  can  still  hear  their  loud  voices 
in. prayer  and  singing  hymns.  The  next  m<  rning  the  clouds  had  passed  away 
and  the  woods  were  jubilant  with  the  twittering  of  birds.  The  command  was 
drawn  up  in  an  old  sedge-field,  in  the  center  of  which  three  newly-dun  graves 
opened  their  mouths  to  swallow  the  three  blindfolded  victims  of  war  who  knell 
at  their  brink.  How  awful  it  was!  The  clear,  blue,  unsympathetic  sky  so  far 
away  overhead,  the  world  so  full  of  freshness  and  joyous  life,  and  before  the  band- 
aged eyes  of  these  poor  human  beings  doubtless  the  pieture  of  their  childhood's 
home,  where  sits  at  the  open  window  this  bright  June  morning  the  old  mother 
with  her  knitting  in  her  lap,  the  wife  with  her  little  children  about  her  knee,  all 
unconseious  of  the  tragedy  that  is  about  to  becloud  their  lives  forever.  A  sharp 
command,  a  crack  of  musketry,  and  two  lives  are  snuffed  out  like  worthier  tal- 
low-candles.  One  of  them  was  spared  on  account  of  his  extreme  youth.  Will  he 
ever  forget  the  moment  he  knelt  by  that  open  grave  and  heard  that  crack  ■  f 
musketry? 

The  next  morning  some  twelve  or  fifteen  miles  south-east  of  Booneville  we  fir-t 
heard  firing  far 'off  to  the  right  in  the  direction  of  Pontotoc.  How  fresh  and 
clear  the  day  was,  and  how  distinct  the  sound  of  the  firing!  Such  was  the  state 
of  the  road,  and  such  the  jaded  condition  of  our  horses,  that  even  at  this  time  we 
had  been  passed  by  the  entire  command  and  left  far  in  the  rear.  Some  mile-; 
farther  on  every  few  minutes  Orderlies  "would  dash  up,  their  horses  flecked  with 
foam,  and,  hat  in  hand,  would  call  out  in  excited  tones,  "  General  Forrest  says 
hurry  up  your  guns!"  By  dint  of  tremendous  exertions  the  horses  were  put  and 
kept  in  a  gallop,  until  at  length  we  came  in  sight  of  the  battle.  One  feels  again 
the  rush  and  excitement  of  that  hour!  A  heavy  column  was  moving  down  the 
Pontotoc  road  toward  Guntown,  and  the  head  of  it  had  already  passed  Brice'< 
house,  which  stood  at  the  intersection  of  that  road  and  the  one  we  were  traveling, 
and  a  hot  tight  was  raging  between  it  and  Bell's  and  Lyons's  brigades,  when  Mor- 
ton's and  Bice's  guns  were  opened  on  it  from  a  ridge  that  ran  parallel  with  the 
road  down  which  it  was  moving.  The  fire  proved  telling  and  destructive  from 
the  jump.  Morton's  guns  were  handled  as  perhaps  they  had  never  been  handled 
before.  Throughout  the  fight  they  were  kept  in  the  very  front  line,  and  charged 
with  the  infantry,  throwing  canister  and  shell  into  the  demoralized  ranks  of  the 
enemy  whenever  he  attempted  to  stand  and  re-form  his  lines.  They  fought  all 
the  time  at  musket-shot  range  and  closer. 

At  the  close  of  day  what  a  scene  was  that  that  lay  around  us !  The  air  was  charge : 
with  the  smell  of  gunpowder  and  darkened  with  heavy  clouds  of  smoke.  The  en- 
emy had  been  driven  back  pell-mell  into  a  frightful  swamp.  His  wagon-train, 
over  a  mile  long,  loaded  with  rich   army  stores  of  ail  kinds,  blocked  the  way. 


854:  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


The  next  day  and  all  day  long  the  pursuit  was  continued.  The  writer  recalls  the 
groups  of  country  people,  men  and  women  and  children,  that  greeted  us  along  the 
route,  and  their  homely  but  animated  description  of  the  frightened  and  demoral- 
ised condition  of  the  enemy;  the  officers  urging  their  soldiers  to  a  double-quick 
by  the  assurance  that  Forrest  would  extend  them  no  quarter.  The  capture  of 
Fort  Pillow-  had  occurred  a  short  time  before  this,  and  Forrest  was  charged  with 
having  in  that  action  virtually  raised  the  black  Hag.  Farther  on  we  were  told 
that  regiments  and  companies  had  broken  ranks,  the  men.  or  great  numbers  of 
them,  betaking  themselves  to  the  woods  as  the  surest  mean-  of  effecting  their  es- 
cape. And  we  found  this  to  be  true.  Throughout  the  day  large  squads  of  them 
were  captured  wandering  about  through  the  woods  lost.  '"It  was  a  famous  vic- 
tory." 

About  a  month  afterward,  on  the  13th,  14th,  and  15th  of  July,  was  fought  the 
obstinate  and  bloody  battle  of  llarrisburg.     S.  D.  Lee  commanded  the  Confeder- 
ate forces,  A.  J.  Smith  the  Federal.     The  weather  was  dazzlingly  hot,  and  the 
battle  was  fought  almost  entirely  on  open  ground.     Lieut.  Tully  Brown  tells  of  an 
?  incident  that  well  illustrates  the  nonchalant  courage  displayed  by  Lieut.  Sale, 

commanding  the  battery,  and  which  was  typical  of  that  exhibited  by  all  the  offi- 
cers and  men  under  him.     Sale  rode  up  on  the  summit  of  a  knoll  where  Brown 

was  standing  bv  one  of  the  guns  of  his  section.     The  air  was  dark  with  a  storm  of 
|  °    -  ° 

bullets  and  shells.     It  seemed  certain  death  to  sit  there  on  horseback,  and  Brown 

remonstrated  with  him  against  the  rash  act;  but  his  eye  bad  caught  sight  of  a 

very  small  pony  that  had  been  harnessed  to  the  limber  in  the  place  of  a  big 

wheel-horse  disabled.     An  amused  expression  cameorer  his  face,  and,  pointing  to 

the  pony,  his  answer  to  the  remonstrance  was:  "Brown, if  he  don't  believe 

he's  a  wheel-horse!  "  * 

Sergts.  West  Brown  (three  times  wounded),  C.  T.  Brady  now  living  in  Jack- 
son, West  Tennessee),  and  Lem.  Zaring,  distinguished  themselves,  as  they  always 
did,  by  their  cool  courage  and  the  admirable  manner  in  which  they  handled  their 
pieces.  So  did  Corp.  Joe  T.  Bellanfant  (who  was  badly  w  is  -i  in  the  head,  and 
now  lives  in  Culleoka,  Tenn.)  and  Corp.  J.  P.  Vauter  2  gray-headed  veteran, 
who  spent  much  of  the  time  in  reading  the  Bible!,  Jimr_ii-  Woods,  W.  Murray, 
H.  T.  Newton,  T.  J.  Wyatt,  and  many  others  whose  names  I  cannot  now  recall. 
At  one  time,  within  the  space  of  a  k-sv  minutes,  five  of  the  seven  cannoneers  at 
Sergt.  Brown's  piece  were  wounded,  and  six  of  the  eight  horses  attached  to  the 
limber  disabled.  To  give  any  thing  like  an  adequate  o-r-ir'.rtion  of  the  part 
played  by  the  battery  in  this  sanguinary  battle  would  cocsszae  more  space  than 
this  entire  article  is  permitted  to  occupy.  No  description  is  be^iei  than'  the  meager 
and  imperfect  one  which  the  limited  space  at  my  disposal  wocl :  -eoe^sarily  compel. 

Shortly  after  this  Lieut.  Sale  was  stricken  with  paralysi-.  lie  .:.  Mayson  there- 
upon assumed  command.  Mayson  was  among  those  wounded  i*  Harrisburg.  At 
the  close  of  the  war,  after  his  return  to  Nashville,  he  reir::-rl  to  San  Francisco, 
where  lie  died  in  the  oarly  part  of  February,  1S84. 

The  space  at  my  command  also  forbids  any  attempt  t:  desiribe  the  expedition 
into  Middle  Tennessee,  which  followed  about  two  months  s±er  she  battle  of  Har- 
risburg; the  romantic  fight  at  Johnsonville;  the  mar.;.  :._:  Tennessee  un-k-r 
Hood;  or  the  part  played  by  Forrest's  command  in  corerirs  Oie  retreat  oi  the 
Army  of  Tennessee  after  the  disastrous  rout  in  front  of  XasavflLe, 


<S-^Z? 


ytf  j  ^  <^z 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.        855 


On  the  9th  of  May,  1865,  at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  the  command  was  surrendered. 

It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that,  amidst  all  the  dangers  that  constantly  surrounded  it. 
while  on  the  march  or  in  action,  the  battery  never  met  with  an  accident;  it  never 
lost  a  gun,  although  on  Hood's  retreat  its  gunners  were  sabered  at  their  pieces. 
At  Tishomingo  Creek,  at  Ilarrisburg,  and  in  many  other  engagements,  the  gun- 
were  in  the  very  forefront  of  the  light.  There  was  little  or  no  sickness  anions  the 
men,  and  no  deaths  except  in  battle.  They  composed  a  miscellaneous  assortment. 
There  was  a  Massachusetts  bay,  there  were  Missourians  and  Kentuckians,  and  every 
State  of  .the  Confederacy  had  one  or  more  representatives  in  its  ranks.  Beardless 
boys  served  by  the  side  of  gray-headed  men;  gentlemen  of  birth  ami  scholarly 
accomplishments  ate  out  of  the  same  vessels  and  slept  by  the  side  of  "  wharf-rats "' 
from  Mobile  and  New  Orleans,  and  each  came  to  love  the  other.  In  the  same 
mess  one  was  a  devout,  Bible-reading  Christian, another  an  unbridled  blasphem- 
er; and,  strange  to  say,  their  common  humanity  linked  even  these  two  together  as 
friends. 


PORTER'S  BATTERY. 

B  v   John    \V.    Morto.v,    Nashville,   Tenn. 

The  political  history  of  Tennessee  in  1861  is  familiar  to  the  student,  and  espe- 
cially so  to  the  chief  actors  who  have  survived  that  stormy  time.  The  North  was 
slow  to  comprehend  the  reality  of  armed  resistance  on  our  part.  The  division  of 
sentiment  at  the  South  on  the  question  of  the  expediency  of  immediate  secession 
was  mistaken  for  the  existence  of  a  submission  party,  whereas  the  division  was 
confined  to  expediency  alone,  and  almost  wholly  disappeared  when  our  State  was 
threatened  with  invasion.  There  was  revealed  to  the  people  the  necessity  of  de- 
fending their  homes  and  their  liberties  against  what  they  thought  a  ruthless  as- 
sault on  both,  and  then  unanimity  .prevailed.  The  question  of  the  right  of  peace- 
able secession — and,  in  fact,  every  other  question — was  lost  sight  of.  Facts  took 
the  place  of  theories,  and  nothing  remained  but  the  arbitrament  of  force.  The 
people  were  practically  united,  and  a  spirit  of  determined  resistance  took  posses- 
sion of  the  masses.  Among  the  younger  bloods,  who  were  the  chivalry  of  the 
army,  there  prevailed  but  one  sentiment,  and  that  was,  "Eight  or  wrong,  I  go 
with  my  people  and  my  section."  The  first  call  was  promptly  responded  to.  It 
was  the  second  call — the  latter  part  of  June,  1861,  by  Gov.  I.  G.  Harris,  for  regi- 
ments of  infantry  and  three  companies  for  light  artillery — that  brought  out  Por- 
ter's Battery,  which  was  organized  at  Nashville  through  the  influence  and  as- 
sistance of  the  Hon.  M.  Burns,  Dr.  John  W.  Morton,  and  W.  L.  Hutchison.  The 
company  was  called  the  Burns  Light  Artillery,  in  honor  of  M.  Burns,  Esq.,  who 
in  many  ways  aided  in  recruiting  the  company  and  contributed  liberally  toward 
uniforming  it.  The  first  commander  was  Capt.  Jesse  Taylor,  and  the  camp  selected 
was  known  as  Camp  Weakley,  some  two  miles  north  of  Nashville,  where  the 
company  underwent  several  weeks  of  hard  drilling.  Capt.  Taylor  was  soon  re- 
lieved at  his  own  reotuest,  and  ordered  to  the  command  of  heavy  artillery  at  Fort 
Henry,  for  which  service  he  seemed  especially  fitted.  Thomas  K.  Porter,  a  Lieu- 
tenant in  the  United  States  Navy — who  had  just  returned  to  Tennessee,  his  native 
State — was  apjxunted  Captain,  with  the  following  organization:  W.  L.  Hutchison, 


85G  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Senior  First  Lieutenant;  John  \V.  Morton  (who  had  been  transferred  from  Co.  C, 
Rook  City  Guards,  First  Tennessee  Infantry),  Junior  First  Lieutenant;  W.  It. 
Culbertson,  Senior  Second  Lieutenant;  Len.  Burt,  Junior  Second  Lieutenant; 
Frank  MeGuire,  Orderly  Sergeant;  George  W.  Holmes,  Quartermaster  Sergeant; 
T.  Sanders  Sale,  Joseph  W.  Yeatman,  W.  H.  Wilkerson,  Horace  C.  Boss,  11.  W. 
Hunter.  B.  Banister,  Sergeants;  William  Green,  Pat.  Murray,  Z.  Connolly,  Pat. 
Hoben,  A.  D.  Stewart,   Peter  Lynch,  Pat.  Flaherty,  Geo.  G.  llenon,  W.  E.  Hol- 

Iden,  A.  B.  Fall,  Corporals;  Barney  Barnes,  Farrier;  J.  S.  Parker,  Wheelwright; 
P.  X.  Puchardson,  Saddler;  \Y.  D.  Madden,  Blacksmith;  Max  Geiming,  Wheel- 
wright. 

In  July  the  company  was  ordered  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  and  transferred  from 
State  to  Confederate  troops,  and  as  was  customary  the  name  was  changed  to  that 
of  Porters  Tennessee  Battery,  after  the  name  of  its  commander.  The  armament 
consisted  of  six  guns — four  six-pounders,  smooth  bore  (brass),  and  two  twelve- 
pound  howitzers  (brass),  with  caissons  and  battery  equipments  complete.  L'nder 
Capt.  Porter,  a  skillful  and  most  efficient  officer,  the  battery  soon  became  very  ef- 
ficient in  drill  and  discipline — in  tact,  it  was  a  most  excellent  training-school  for 
officers.  Porter  and  a  number  of  his  officers  and  men  subsequently  held  impor- 
tant commissions  in  the  Confederate  service. 

The  battery's  first  march  was  with  Gen.  Buckner's  division  through  Kentucky 
to  ITopkinsville,  whsre  some  "home-made  Yankees"  were  dispersed  with  slight 
loss,  and  from  thence  to  Russellville,  and  back  to  Bowling  Green.  Capt.  Porters 
strict  discipline  in  camp  was  of  great  service  to  both  officers  and  men  on  this 
march. 

Although  actively  engaged  in  daily  drills,  a  great  many  members  of  the  com- 
pany were  stricken  down  with  measles,  mumps,  and  other  diseases  (especially 
was  this  the  case  with'  the  country  lads),  until  the  efficiency  of  the  battery  was 
greatly  impaired,  which  necessitated  the  details  thereupon  made  from  the  Third 
and  Eighteenth  regiments.  The  writer,  being  naturally  of  spare  physique  and 
unaccustomed  to  the  rough  usage  of  camp-life,  was  prostrated  with  typhoid  fever 
soon  after  returning  from  the  march  to  Hopkinsville,  which  kept  him  confined 
and  from  active  camp  duty  for  six  weeks.  This  was  his  only  absence  from  duty 
for  any  cause  during  the  four-years'  service. 

Battle  of  Fort  Donelson. 

The  company  marrhe:!  with  Gen.  Buckner's  division  to  Fort  Donelson,  at  which 
place  it  arrived  on  the  evening  of  the  12th  of  February,  1861,  where  it  tired  its 
first  gun  and  made  its  first  record.  It  was  assigned  to  position  on  the  right  center 
of  the  outer  works,  supported  by  the  Fourteenth  Mississippi  Regiment  (Baldwin's) 
t  immediately  around  the  guns,  the  Third  Tennessee  (Brown's)  on  the  left,  and  the 

Eighteenth  Tennessee  (Palmer's)  on  the  right.  Col.  Cook's  Thirty-second  Tennes- 
see was  to  the  left  of  Brown,  and  Hanson's  Second  Kentucky  was  on  the  right  of 
Palmer.  The  position  occupied  by  the  battery  was  exposed  right,  left,  and  front, 
being  at  the  apex  of  the  antrle  in  the  works,  formed  where  the  intrenchments  turn 
in  passing  from  the  river  above  Dover  around  westerly  to  the  water-batteries. 

The  writer,  in  company  with  Gov.  James  D.  Porter  and  Maj.  \V.  F.  Foster,  vis- 
ited the  battle-grounds  at  Fort  Donelson  in  1S7S ;  and,  after  a  careful  survey  of 
the  entire  line  of  works  and  the  water-batteries,  a  map  was  prepared  by  Maj.  Fos- 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         857 


ter,  who  was  formerly  the  efficient  Chief  Engineer  of  Stewart's  Confederate  Corps, 
Army  of  Tennessee. 

The  space  to  be  defended  was  almost  quadrangular  in  shape,  divided  into  two 
parts  by  Indian  Creek,  which  was  filled  by  an  almost  impassable  backwater.  The 
ground  between  the  valleys  was  a  rugged,  hilly  upland,  covered  with  a  dense  un- 
dergrowth. The  defenses  for  light  artillery  were  very  meager.  Porter,  Graves, 
and  Maney  had  their  men  constantly  exposed  when  in  action.  The  timber  south 
of  the  fort  had  been  felled,  which,  with  the  ravines  and  valleys  flooded  with  back- 
water, greatly  retarded  and  embarrassed  the  movements  of  the  Confederates  within 
the  advanced  works.     These  works  were  unfinished  and  defective. 

The  Federals  had  moved  with  rapid  but  cautious  step,  and  at  sundown  on  the 
12th  had  wound  their  coils  completely  around  the  Confederate  works  without  re- 
sistance, save  a  little  artillery-tiring  by  the  opposing  batteries  and  some  sharp  and 
deadly  shots  from  Berge's  well-trained  sharp-shooters,  which  caused  a  suspension 
of  work  on  the  Confederate  trenches. 

Our  first  night  in  the  ditches  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy  was  balmy  and 
spring-like.  The  stars  twinkled  with  unusual  brightness,  the  moon  beamed  with 
tranquil  light  upon  the  sleeping  hosts,  and  not  a  sound  was  heard  save  a  shot  from 
some  stray  picket,  the  seemingly  peaceful  prelude  to  the  storm  of  hail  and  deadly 
strife  so  soon  to  follow. 

The  dawn  of  the  loth  was  ushered  in  by  the  boom  of  the  Federal  artillery  and 
the  sharp  crack  of  the  skirmisher's  ritle,  which  hastily  brought  the  boys  in  gray 
to  their  feet,  provoking  a  spirited  artillery-fire  all  along  the  front.  There  was  a 
great  deal  of  coquetting  along  the  lines  by  the  Federals.  As  early  as  eight 
o'clock  Gen.  Cook  sallied  forth  against  the  right  center  with  his  Iowa  boys,  but 
found  the  music  and  its  accompaniment  from  Graves's  and  Porters  batteries  too 
warm  for  comfort,  and  soon  retired  behind  a  neighboring  hill.  The  artillery  of 
the  enemy  assaulted  the  center  of  the  Confederate  left,  which  was  promptly  re- 
sponded to  by  the  artillery  on  that  part  of  the  line.  For  over  two  hours  a  spir- 
ited artillery-tire  was  kept  up  along  the  entire  line,  when  about  eleven  o'clock 
McClernand's  hoosier  boys  made  a  dashing  charge  on  the  prominence  occupied  by 
Maney's  battery,  supported  by  Heiman's  brigade,  but  were  repulsed.  They 
made  two  other  desperate  efforts  to  carry  Heiman's  position,  but  were  forced  to 
retire  before  the  storm  of  shell  and  canister  poured  into  their  ranks  from 
Porter's,  Graves's,  and  Maney's  batteries,  and  the  hail  of  bullets  from  our  in- 
fantry. 

Col.  John  C.  Brown,  in  his  official  report,  says:  "Capt.  Graves,  in  less  than  ten 
minutes,  knocked  one  of  the  enemy's  guns  from  its  carriage,  and  almost  at  the 
same  moment  the  gallant  Porter  disabled  and  silenced  the  other."  It  was  during 
this  assault  that  the  young  and  brave  Albert  S.  Fall,  gunner  in  Porter's  Battery, 
lost  his  life.  He  was  handling  his  gun  with  great  coolness  and  skill,  when  the 
writer,  who  was  within  a  few  feet  of  him  admiring  the  quiet  and  determined  man- 
ner in  which  he  was  aiming  his  gun,  suddenly  saw  him  drop  his  head  forward  on 
the  breech  of  the  piece,  a  Minie-ball  having  penetrated  his  skull,  killing  him  in- 
stantly. 

While  these  assaults  and  sorties  were  being  conducted  on  the  left  and  center, 
Gen.  C.  F.  Smith  was  not  altogether  idle,  lie  made  three  distinct  charges  upon 
Hanson's  position,  which  were  pushed,  as  Jordan  says,  M  with   more  spirit  than 


853  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

judgment,  and  were  readily  repulsed  by  Hanson's  and  Palmer's  regiments  and 
Porter's  Battery." 

The  weather  thus  far  had  been  unusually  mild  and  pleasant  for  the  season,  but 
on  Thursday  afternoon  a  driving  rain-storm  of  sleet  and  snow  set,  in  with  a  keen, 
icy  north  wind  which  made  the  cold  so  excessive  that  soldiers  of  both  sides  suf- 
fered intensely.  The  half-clad  Confederates  were  only  kept  from  freezing  by  the 
continued  work  throughout  the  night  strengthening  the  intrenchments.  No  one 
knows  the  terrible  discomfort  and  horrible  suffering  of  that  fearful  night  so  well 
as  the  hungry  and  exhausted  soldiers  of  both  armies.  The  morning  of  the  14th 
came  with  two  inches  of  snow  and  a  continued  (.hilly  north  wind.  The  lines  were 
all  readjusted.  No  assault  was  made,  though  a  rambling  fire  from  the  artillery 
and  sharp-shooters  was  kept  up  all  along  the  lines  throughout  the  day. 

At  three  p.m.  a  furious  cannonade  by  the  fleet  of  gun-boats  was  made  on  the 
water-batteries,  and  although  terrific  and  at  short  range  no  damage  was  done  our 
batteries;  but  the  heavy  charges  from  our  guns  with  wonderful  accuracy  went 
crashing  through  the  iron  and  massive  timbers  with  such  resistless  force,  causing 
slaughter  and  destruction  throughout  the  fleet,  that  the^  defiant  gun-boats  were 
forced  to  retire  down  the  river  badly  crippled  and  vanquished.  It  is  said  that  the 
five  gun-boats  received  no  less  than  one  hundred  and  forty  severe  hits  from  the 
Confederate  guns.  Fifty-four  Federals  in  the  fleet  were  killed  and  wounded,  and 
not  a  Confederate  hurt.  The  hitherto  invincible  iron-clads  worsted  and  driven 
back  greatly  elated  the  Confederates. 

It  had  been  decided  in  a  council  of  general  officers  on  the  night  of  the  1 4th  to 
attack  the  enemy's  right  at  daylight  on  the  15th,  and  open  communication  with 
Charlotte  in  the  direction  of  Nashville.  This  movement  had  become  necessary 
in  consequence  of  the  vastly  superior  and  constantly  increasing  force  of  the  ene- 
my, who  ha<l  already  completely  invested  our  works,  and  the  uncertainty  of  Con- 
federate reinforcements — in  fact,  none  were  expected,  on  the  contrary.  Gen.  Al- 
bert Sidney  Johnston  had  ordered  a  withdrawal  of  the  troops  in  case  the  works 
could  not  be  held.  Gen.  Pillow  in  person  took  charge  of  the  extreme  left  of  the 
Confederate  lines.  Gen.  Bushrod  R.  -Johnson,  commanding  the  center,  was  di- 
rected to  move  out  oi  the  trenches  with  his  division,  except  Heiman's  brigade, 
which  was  ordered  to  extend  its  lines  and  hold  the  works  occupied  bv  Johnson. 
Gen.  Buckner  was  ordered  to  attack  the  enemy's  right  center,  leaving  Head's  Thir- 
tieth Tennessee  to  hold  his  works. 

At  five  a.m.  Gen.  Pillow  hotly  engaged  the  enemy  with  Baldwins  brigade, 
which  was  soon  followed  by  Gen.  B.  R.  Johnson's  division.  Porter's  Batten-,  with 
Buckners  division,  was  held  in  reserve  to  cover  the  rear  of  the  withdrawing  armv 
where  the  Wynn's  Ferry  road  crosses  the  Confederate  intrenchments.  and  did  not 
become  engaged  until  about  nine  a.m.  The  fight  was  hotly  contested  all  alon* 
this  part  of  the  line.  The  Confederates,  with  great  vigor  and  courage,  were  able 
to  turn  the  Federal  right  and  press  it  back  upon  its  center,  thus  opening  up  the 
Wynn's  Ferry  road  to  enable  the  army  to  withdraw.  Gen.  Pillow,  great  1\-  elated 
at  the  victory,  ordered  Gen.  Buckner  to  hasten  to  his  old  lines  on  the  Confederate 
right,  which  were  now  in  great  peril  from  an  attack  by  tiie  veteran  C.  F.Smith. 
Gen.  Bu-'kner  declined  to  obey,  as  he  did  not  consider  Gen.  Pillow  superior  in  com- 
mand, bat  urged  upon  Gen.  Floyd  to  carry  out  the  original  plan  of  evacuation. 
After  some  delay,  and  a  good  deal  of  vacillation  on  the  part  of  Fiord,  Buckner 


PiEGIMEXTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  IiOLLS. 


859 


directed  his  divison  to  reoccupy  their  old  works.  "While  this  was  being  accom- 
plished Gen.  C.  F.  Smith  in  person  led  six  stout  regiments  upon  Hanson's  works, 
which  Were  now  defended  by  the  gallant  Turner  with  only  three  companies  of 
Head's  regiment.  Turner  Yell  back  some  hundred  yards  to  the  crest  of  a  rids 
where  he  was  joined  by  Hanson.  Brown  had  partially  reoccupied  his  old  position 
to  the  left  of  Hanson,  and  by  the  rapid  and  galling  cross-tire  from  the  Third  and 
Eighteenth  Tennessee  regiments,  aided  by  the  guns  of  Porter's  Battery,  the  line 
was  saved,  which  prevented  the  water-batteries  from  being  captured  that  evening. 
Bailey's,  Suggs' s,  and  Quarles's  regiments  very  soon  reenforeed  this  new  line,  and 
one  section  of  Graves's  battery,  under  the  personal  direction  of  the  heroic  Graves 
took  position  at  the  intersection  of  the  new  with  the  old  lines,  and  as  usual  was 
most  conspicuous  for  its  effective  work.  Morton's  section  of  Porter's  Battery, 
which  had  been  delayed  in  reaching  its  former  position,  was  promptly  thrown  into 
action  to  the  left  of  Graves  under  a  heavy  tire.  The  horses  were  shot  down,  and 
the  guns  run  into  place  by  hand.  XJntil  dark  the  desperate  conflict  raged.  Lieut. 
Hutchison,  of  Porter's  Battery,  was  severely  shot  through  the  neck.  Lieut.  Cul- 
bertson,  of  the  same  battery,  was  hit;  and  the  gallant  Capt.  Thomas  K.  Porter. 
who,  Hanson  said,  "always  directed  his  guns  at  the  right  time  and  to  the  right 
place,"'  was  disabled  by  a  severe  and  dangerous  wound,  and  was  borne  from  the 
iield.  Capt.  Porter's  marked  coolness  and  dash,  and  the  efh'eient  and  intelligent 
manner  in  which  he  handled  his  guns,  elicited  the  unbounded  admiration  of  all 
who  saw  him.  While  being  carried  bleeding  from  the  fiehl,  he  said  to  me,  "  Do  n't 
let  them  have  the  guns;  Morton."  I  replied,  "No,  Captain;  not  while  I  have 
one  man  left,"  little  mindful  that  my  apprehensions  would  be  so  nearly  curried 
out.  The  cannoneers  had  been  greatly  reduced  by  frost-bites,  wounds,  and  death-, 
until  toward  the  close  of  this  engagement  I  had  only  three  men  left  at  one  gun. 
One  of  these  was  Avounded  and  left  where  he  fell,  we  being  unable  to  remove  him 
at  the  moment.  Pat  Ivine,  acting  number  one,  who  was  always  at  his  post,  seeing 
the  dead  and  wounded  lying  thick  around  us,  impelled  by  that  generous  and  gal- 
lant nature  and  impulsive  disposition  so  characteristic  of  the  Irish  race,  threw 
Iiimself  in  front  of  me,  saying:  "Lieutenant,  Lieutenant,  get  lower  down  the  hill, 
or  they  will  kill  you;"  and  actually  embraced  me,  as  if  to  make  a  shield  of  him- 
self to  the  enemy's  bullets  for  my  protection.  I  replied:  "'No,  Pat;  let  us  give 
them  one  more  round."  He  promptly  seized  his  ramming-staff,  and  while  in  the 
act  of  driving  the  charge  home  was  shot  through  the  heart  and  dropped  under- 
neath his  gun.     Night  soon  closed  the  bloody  combat. 

Porter's  Battery,  from  its  active  participation  in  the  four-days'  conflict,  its  ad- 
vanced and  exposed  position,  lost  eight  men  killed  outright  and  twenty-five 
wounded,  making  a  total  in  killed  and  wounded  of  thirty-three  out  of  forty-eight 
officers  and  men  engaged  actively  at  the  guns.  The  remainder  of  the  company 
were  drivers,  teamsters,  and  artificers,  and,  with  the  horses,  were  protected  in  a 
ravine  at  some  distance  from  the  battery. 

After  recovering  from  the  protracted  confinement  occasioned  by  his  wound 
Capt.  Porter  returned  to  the  army,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  as  Chief  of  Artillery 
to  Buckner's  division,  and  afterward  held  the  same  position  on  Cleburne's  staft 
He  was  wounded  at  Hoover's  Gap,  and  upon  recovery  was  transferred  to  the  Con- 
federate Navy  as  executive  officer  of  the  "Florida."  After  the  war  lie  com- 
manded a  California  merchant-steamer,  and  died  in  1SG9. 


800  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


The  teamsters  and  drivers  of  the  battery  escaped  with  Lieut.  Burt,  as  they  were 
near  by,  and  dropped  in  with  Forrest's  cavalry,  all  of  whom  left  the  works  before 
day  of  the  morning  of  the  surrender.  I,  with  some  twelve  or  fifteen  men,  suf- 
fered seven  months'  confinement  at  the  Alton,  Camp  Chase,  and  JohnsonVIsland 
prisons.  When  exchanged,  in  the  fall  of  1862,  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  I  got  permis- 
sion to  report  with  my  little  squad  to  Gen.  Bragg  at  Murfreesboro,  who  at  my  re- 
quest ordered  me  to  report  to  Gen.  Forrest,  where  the  Porter  Battery  was  reor- 
ganized and  known  throughout  Forrest's  campaigns  as  Morton's  battery. 

i 


FORT  HENRY. 

|  By  Jesse  Taylor,  Jackson,  Teny. 

About  the  1st  of  September,  1861,  while  commanding  a  camp  of  artillery  in- 
struction (Weakley)  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  I  received  a  visit  from  Lieut.-col. 
Milton  Haynes,  First  Regiment  Tennessee  Artillery,  who  informed  me  of  the  es- 
cape of  a  number  of  steamers  from  the  Ohio,  and  of  their  having  sought  refuge 
under  the  guns  of  Fort  Henry;  that  a  "cutting  out"  expedition  was  anticipated 
from  Paducah ;  that,  as  there  was  no  experienced  artillerist  at  the  fort,  the  Gov- 
ernor, I.  G.  Harris,  was  anxious  that  the  deficiency  be  immediately  supplied;  that 
he  had  no  one  at  his  disposal  unless  I  would  consent  to  give  up  my  "  Light  Bat- 
tery" (subsequently  Porter's  and  later  still  Morton's)  and  take  command  at  Fort 
Henry.  Anxious  to  be  of  service,  and  believing  that  the  first  effort  of  the  Fed- 
erals would  be  to  penetrate  our  lines  by  the  way  of  the  Tennessee  River,  I  at  once 
consented  to  the  exchange,  to  the  loudly  expressed  disapproval  and  wonder  of  my 
friends. 

Arriving  at  the  fort,  it. required  only  a  glance  at  its  surroundings  to  convince 
me  that  extraordinarily  bad  judgment  or  worse  had  selected  the  site  for  its  erec- 
tion. I  was  surprised  to  find  it  situated  in  a  bottom  commanded  by  high  hills  on 
.  both  sides  of  the  river,  within  good  rifle  range.  The  fact  was  at  once  communi- 
cated to  the  military  authorities  of  the  State,  who  replied  that  the  "location  had 
been  selected  by  a  competent  engineer,  and  with  reference  to  mutual  support  with 
Donelson."  Knowing  that  the  crude  ideas  of  a  sailor  concerning  fortifications 
were  entitled  to  but  little  consideration  when  brought  in  conflict  with  those  enter- 
tained by  a  West  Pointer,  I  decided  to  quietly  acquiesce,  and  to  submit  to  what- 
ever the  fates  or  blundering  stupidity  might  hold  in  store.  But  an  accidental  ob- 
servation of  a  water-mark  left  on  a  tree  caused  me  to  carefully  examine  for  this 
sign  above,  below,  and  in  the  rear  of  the  fort,  and  from  the  result  to  become  con- 
vinced that  we  had  a  mightier  and  more  irresistible  foe  to  contend  with  than  any 
the  Federals  could  bring  against  us.  This  enemy  was  the  river  itself.  Continu- 
ing my  investigation  by  making  inquiry  of  the  old  settlers,  I  was  confirmed  in  my 
fears  that  the  fort  was  not  only  subject  to  overflow,  but  that  the  highest  point  in  it 
would  be,  in  the  usual  February  rise,  at  least  two  feet  under  water.  This  alarm- 
ing fact  was  also  submitted  to  the  proper  State  authorities,  and  elicited  a  curt 
notification  that  the  State  forces  had  been  turned  over  to  the  Confederacy,  and 
that  I  should  communicate  witii  Gen.  Polk  on  the  subject.  This  suggestion  was 
at  once  acted  on — not  only  once,  but  frequently,  and  with  the  urgency  the  impor- 


REGIMENTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  PiOLLS.  861 


tanceof  the  subject  demanded — which  finally  resulted  in  being  referred  to  Gen.  A. 
S.  Johnston,  who,  on  the  matter  being  brought  to  his  attention,  immediately  des- 
patched an  officer  of  engineers  (Maj.  Gilmer)  to  investigate;  but  it  was  now  too 
Inte  to  effectually  remedy  the  defect,  though  an  effort  was  made  by  beginning  to 
fortify  the  heights  on  the  west  bank,  immediately  opposite  the  fort 

The  armament  of  the  fort  at  the  time  1  assumed  command  consisted  of  six 
smooth-bore  thirty-two  pounders  and  one  six-pounder  iron  field-piece,  manned 
by  Co.  B,  First  Ilegiment  Tenjiessee  Artillery,  Lieut.  Stanckievitch  commanding. 
By  Feb.  1,  1861,  this  armament  had  been  increased,  by  the  persistent  exertions 
of  Gen.  Lloyd  Tilghman,  Col.  A.  Heiman,  and  myself,  to  two  forty-twos,  eight 
thirty-twos,  one  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight  pounder  (Columbiad),  five  twenty- 
four-pounder  siege-guns,  and  one  six-inch  rifled  gun.  "We  bad  also  six  twelve- 
pounders,  but  of  such  a  '•pot-metal"  appearance  that  it  was  deemed  best  to  sub- 
ject them  to  a  test  before  giving  them  position;  and  as  two  of  them  burst  when 
tried  with  an  ordinary  charge,  the  others  were  set  aside  as  useless.  Much  of  the 
powder  supplied  was  of  a  very  inferior  quality,,  so  much  so  that  it  was  deemed 
necessary  to  adopt  the  dangerous  expedient  of  adding  to  each  charge  a  proportion 
of  quick-burning  powder.  That  this  was  required  will,  I  think,  be  admitted  when 
it  is  understood  that  to  obtain  a  random  of  one  mile — the  distance  from  the  fort 
to  a  small  Lland  below — it  was  necessary  to  give  an  elevation  of  anywhere  from 
eight  to  fifteen  degrees. 

During  the  winter  of  1861-62  the  gun-boats  made  frequent  appearance  in  the 
Tennessee,  and,  coming  up  under  cover  of  the  island  already  mentioned,  would 
favor  us  with  an  hour  or  more  of  shot  and  shell;  but  as  their  object  was  evidently 
to  draw  otir  fire,  and  thus  obtain  the  position  and  range  of  our  guns,  though  often 
sorely  tempted  by  the  provoking  accuracy  of  their  tire,  we  deemed  it  best  not  to 
make  any  return. 

On  Feb.  4  the  Federal  gun-boats,  followed  by  countless  transports,  appeared  in 
the  river  below  the  fort.  Far  as  eye  could  see  the  course  of  the  river  could  be 
traced  by  the  dense  volume  of  smoke  issuing  from  the  vast  flotilla,  indicating  that 
the  long-threatened  attempt  to  penetrate  our  lines  was  to  be  made  in  earnest. 
The  gun-boats  took  up  position  about  three  miles  below,  and  opened  a  brisk  fire 
on  the  fort,  at  the  same  time  furiously  shelling  the  woods,  thus  covering  the  de- 
barkation of  their  army  on  the  east  bank  of  the  river.  The  5th  was  a  day  of  un- 
usual animation  on  the  quiet  waters  of  the  Tennessee.  All  day  long  the  Mood- 
tide  of  arriving  and  the  ebb  of  returning  transports  never  ceased.  Late  in  the 
afternoon  three  of  the  gun-boats,  two  on  the  west  side  of  and  under  cover  of  the  isl- 
and and  one  to  the  east  near  the  fort,  took  position  and  opened  a  vigorous  and  well- 
directed  fire,  which  was  received  in  silence  until  a  loss  of  one  killed  and  three 
wounded  induced  me  to  order  the  Columbiad  and  rifle  to  open.  Six  shots  were 
fired — three  from  each  piece — and  with  such  effect  as  to  force  the  boats  to  drop 
out  of  range. 

At  night  Gen.  Tihjrhman  called  a  council  of  his  most  trusted  officers.  Cols. 
Heiman,  Forrest,  and  Drake,  Maj.  Gilmer  and  Capt.  Harden,  of  engineers,  are 
ail  the  names  I  can  now  recall  as  having  been  present.  The  strength  of  the  Fed- 
erals was  variously  estimated,  the  lowest  placing  their  force  at  twenty-five  thou- 
sand. To  oppose  this  force  Gen.  Tilghman  ha  I  less  than  four  thousand  men, 
mostly  raw  regiments  armed  with  shot-guns  and  hunting-rifles;  in  fact,  the  best 


862  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


equipped  regiment  in  the  command — the  Tenth  Tennessee — was  armed  with  old 
Tower  of  London  flint-lock  muskets  that  had  done  the  State  service  in  the  war  of 
1812.  The  generai  opinion  and  final  decision  were  that  successful  resistance  to 
such  an  Overwhelming  force  was  an  impossibility,  and  that  the  army  should  fall 
back  and  unite  with  Pillow  and  Buckner  at  DoneUon.  Gen.  Tilghman,  recogniz- 
ing the  difficulty  of  withdrawing  undisciplined  troops  from  the  front  of  an  active 
opponent,  turned  to  me  with  the  question,  ''Can  you  hold  out  for  one  hour  against 
a  determined  attack?"  1  replied  that  I  could.  'iWell  then,  gentlemen,  rejoin 
your  commands  and  hold  them  in  readiness  for  instant  movement." 

The  garrison  left  at  the  fort  consisted  of  a  part  of  Co.  i>,  First  Tennessee  Ar- 
tillery, Lieuts.  Watts  and  Welle*,  with  iifty-four  men,  First  Lieut.  Stanckievitch 
and  thirty  men  having  been  detached  with  some  light  field-pieces  to  aid  in  the 
retreat. 

The  forenoon  of  the  Gth  was  spent  by  both  sides  in  making  preparations  for  the 
coming  struggle.  The  gun-boats  formed  line  of  battle  abreast  under  cover  of  the 
island.  The  "  Carondelet,"  thirteen  guns;  "Louisville/'  thirteen  guns;  "Essex," 
thirteen  guns;  and  "St.  Louis,''  or  "Mound  City,"  thirteen  guns  (I  am  doubtful 
as  to  the  name),  formed  the  van  or  front.  The  "Cone^-toga,"  seven  guns;  "  Lex- 
ington," seven  guns;  and  "Tyler,"  seven  guns,  formed  the  rear  line.  So  soon  as  the 
line  of  battle  was  developed  I  assigned  to  each  gun  the  vessel  to  which  it  was  to 
devote  its  compliments,  and  directed  that  the  guns  be  kept  constantly  trained  on 
the  advancing  boats.  Accepting  the  volunteered  services  of  Capt.  Hayden,  of  the 
engineers,  to  assist  at  the  Columbiad,  I  repaired  to  and  took  personal  supervision 
of  the  rirled  gun. 

The  gun-boats  opened  fire  while  undercover  of  the  island,  and,  advancing  stead- 
ily, increased  its  rapidity  until,  as  they  swung  into  the  main  channel  above  the 
island,  they  appeared  one  sheet  of  leaping,  living  llame.  The  fire,  though  ex- 
ceedingly rapid,  was  very  accurate.  The  van  being  now  less  than  a  mile  distant, 
the  command  was  given  to  fire.  And  just  here  let  me  say  that  as  pretty  and  as 
simultaneous  a  broadside  was  delivered  as  I  ever  saw  Hash  from  the  sides  of  a  "  crack" 
frigate.  After  the  first  command  to  tire  the  order  was,  "Load  and  fire  at  will." 
The  action  had  now  become  general,  and  for  the  next  twenty  or  thirty  minutes 
was  as  hot,  rapid,  and  accurate  as  one  could  wish,  the  advantage  evidently  inclin- 
ing to  the  forf. 

The  iron-clad  "Essex"  had  dropped  out  of  the  fight  disabled.  The  fleet  had 
hesitated,  halted,  and  seemed  falling  back,  wdien  a  succession  of  untoward  and 
unavoidable  accidents  happened  in  the  fort  which  restored  the  confidence  and  ad- 
vance of  the  flotilla — viz.:  the  rirled  gun,  from  which  1  had  just  been  called  by 
duty,  burst  with  disabling  effect,  not  only  to  its  own  detachment,  but  to  the  suns 
near  it.  Going  to  the  Columbiad  as  the  only  effective  gun  remaining,  I  met  Gen. 
Tilghman,  and  for  the  first  time  knew  that  he  had  returned  to  the  fort,  he  having 
crossed  to  tiie  west  bank  of  the  river  that  morning,  and  was,  I  supposed,  with  the 
retreating  armv.  While  consulting  with  him,  a  sudden  exclamation  of  anger  or 
surprise  called  my  attention  to  the  Columbiad,  which  1  found  spiked  with  its  own 
priming-wire.  The  wire,  having  been  too  hastily  inserted,  was  caught  by  the  ram- 
home  blow  of  the  rammer,  and  so  bent  in  the  vent  as  to  effectually  spike  the  urin.n 
for  that  day.  The  Federal  commander,  observing  the  silence  of  the  two  hea  v 
guns,   renewed  his  advance  and  increased  the  accuracy  of  his  fire.     Two  of  the 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        863 


thirty-twos  were  struck  almost  at  the  same  instant,  and  the  flying  fragments  of 
the  shattered  guns  and  hurst  shells  disabled  every  man  at  the  two  guns.  His 
rifle-shot  and  shell,  penetrating  the  earth-works  as  readily  as  a  pl>tol-ball  would 
a  pine  plank,  so  disabled  other  guns  as  to  leave  us  but  lour  capable  oi'  service. 

Ben,  TiUhman  held  a  hasty  consultation  with  Map  Gilmer,  Lieut.  Watts,  and 
myself.  The  decision  reached  was  that  continued  resistance  would  only  result  in 
useless  loss  of  life,  and  that,  the  object  of  the  defence  being  accomplished,  the  only 
thing  remaining  to  be  done  was  to  surrender.  lie  thereupon  ordered  me  to  strike 
the  colors,  now  become  a  dangerous  as  well  as  painful  task.  The  flag-staff  had 
been  struck  a  number  of  times.  The  topmast  hung  so  far  out  of  the  perpendicu- 
lar that  it  seemed  likely  to  come  down  by  the  run  at  any  moment.  The  flag-hal- 
yards had  been  cut,  but  fortunately  "foaled"  at  the  cross-trees.  Beckoning— for 
it  was  useless  amidst  the  din  to  call—to  Sergt.  Jones,  an  old  man-of-war  man.  to  fol- 
low, we  ran  across  co  the  flagstaff  and  up  the  lower  rigging  to  the  cross-trees,  and 
by  our  united  efforts  and  habit  of  manipulating  ropes  succeeded  in  doing  that 
which,  though  I  fully  recognized  the  necessity,  was  the  most  painful  duty  it  had 
ever  been  my  lot  to  perform— lower  the  flag  under  which  I  had  been  fighiin-. 

The  view  from  that  elevated  position  was  at  that  time  grand,  exciting,  and  strik- 
ing. At  our  feet  the  fort,  with  her  few  remaining  guns,  was  sullenly  hurling  in- 
nocuous shot  against  impervious  sides.  The  fleet— now  within  two  hundred  yards 
of  the  fort,  in  perfect  security'  from  harm — was  sending,  with  the  accuracy  of  target- 
practice,  her  missiles  of  destruction,  which  swept  the  fort  from  "stent  to  stern." 
To  the  north  and  west,  on  both  sides  of  the  river,  were  the  hosts  of  "blue-coated 
gentry,"  an  anxious  and  highly  interested  army  of  spectators  of  the  drama  going 
on  before  them.  To  the  east  was  to  be  seen  the  feeble  force  of  the  Confederacy 
making  its  way  toward  Donelson. 

In  the  morning  we  were  assured  that  the  February  rise  in  the  river  had  come, 
and  was  coming  with  a  boom.  When  the  action  began  the  lower  parts  of  the  fort 
were  already  flooded.  When  the  colors  were  struck  the  water  was  waist-deep 
there.  When  the  Federal  cutter  came  with  the  officers  to  receive  the  formal  sur- 
render, contrary  to  all  established  precedent  it  pulled  in  at  the  sally-port.  Be- 
tween  the  fort  and  where  the  infantry  support  had  been  was  a  sheet  of  water  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  or  more  wide,  and  running  like  a  mill-race.  If  the  Federals 
had  delayed  forty-eight  hours,  I  believe  there  would  not  have  been  a  single  Inu- 
tile shot  exchanged.  The  Tennessee  would  have  accomplished  the  work — the 
magazine  would  have  been  flooded. 

Well,  the  fight  was  over,  and  we,  the  little  garrison,  were  prisoners  of  war,  but 
our  small  army  had  been  saved.  It  had  been  required  of  us  to  hold  out  for  one 
hour.  We  had  held  out,  by  Federal  time,  over  two  hours.  I  had  been  too  act- 
ively employed  to  make  much  note  of  time,  so  set  down  the  Federal  report.  We 
went  into  action  with  nine  guns.  We  had  two  more  (forty-twos),  but  without  shot 
or  shell  for  them.  Of  the  fifty-four  men  who  went  into  the  fight  nine  were  killed 
and  sixteen  sermusly  wounded.  Several  more  were  slightly  hurt.  Of  the  Ind- 
eral loss  I  shall  only  say  that  when  the  "Essex"  dropped  out  of  line  I  could  see 
her  men  wildly  throwing  themselves  into  the  swollen  waters  of  t'\ie  Tennessee; 
that  Admiral  Foote  reported  his  boat,  the  flag-ship,  as  .-truck  thirty-eight  time?; 
that  the  commanding  officers  of  the  different  gun-boats,  with  most  of  whom  I 


864  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


enjoyed  a  warm  personal  friendship,  complimented  me  most  highly  on  the  accu- 
racy of  our  practice. 

This  I  do  firmly  believe,  that  with  effective  guns  the  same  accuracy  of  fire 
•would  have  sunk  or  driven  back  the  fleet  sent  against  us.  And  this  excellence  of 
practice  was  attained  by  a  lot  of  Tennessee  lads  who  only  a  few  weeks  previous 
had  been  following  the  plow,  standing  behind  the  counter,  or  sitting  on  the  rough 
benches  of  an  old  field  school-house.  My  personal  connection  with  Co.  B  was 
severed  by  the  surrender,  though  I  heard  with  pride  of  its  doing  good  and  gallant 
service  at  Fort  Hudson  and  again  at  Mobile. 


RICE'S  BATTERY 

By  B.  F.  H.-\li,er,   Memphis,  Tenn. 


Rice's  Battery,  Tennessee  Volunteers,  was  organized  as  an  infantry  companv 
early  in  1S61,  under  the  name  of  "  Sumter  Grays,"  and  shortly  after  assisted  at  and 
became  a  part  of  the  organization  known  as  the  Thirty-eighth  Regiment  Tennes- 
see Volunteers,  and  was  assigned  to  the  right  (Co.  A).  At  this  time  Co.  A  was 
officered  by  John  A.  Lee,  Captain;  T.  W.  Rice,  First  Lieutenant;  A.  D.  Gwynne, 
Second  Lieutenant;  B.  F.  Haller,  Second  Lieutenant. 

The  regiment  was  organized  at  Camp  Abingdon,  near  Rossville,  then  known 
|_ ;  •  as  La  Fayette  Station,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad.     The  follow- 

ing officers  were  elected:  Robert  F.  Looney,  of  Memphis,  Colonel;  I.  J.  Gol- 
laday,  of  Columbia,  Lieutenant-colonel;  D.  II.  Thrasher,  Major;  Dr.  G.  C.  Gray, 
of  Memphis,  Surgeon;  R.  A.  Sanford,  of  Memphis,  Adjutant. 

Shortly  after  the  completion  of  organization  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  East 
Tennessee,  where  it  remained  until  the  latter  part  of  the  winter.  The  arms  of 
the  regiment  being  inspected  and  found  utterly  worthless,  the  General  command- 
ing the  department:  declined  to  allow  them  to  participate  in  the  battle  of  Fishing 
Creek.  Later  they  were  ordered  to  the  line  of  railroad  between  Corinth  and  luka. 
"While  here  the  popularity  of  Col.  Looney  brought  to  his  command  several  new 
companies. 

When  Gen.  Albert  Sidney  Johnston  continued  his  retreat  from  Fort  Donelson 
Col.  Looney  was  ordered  to  Eastport,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  to  prevent  the 
F'ederal  gun-boats  from  ascending  to  Decatur  and  destroying  the  railroad  bridge, 
thus  seriously  interfering  with  Gen.  Johnston's  programme.  Flow  well  the  gal- 
lant Looney  performed  the  duty  assigned  to  him  should  be  told  by  some  one  whose 
pen  can  do  justice  to  one  who  was  entirely  competent,  and  in  justice  should  have 
had  the  rank  and  command  of  a  division.  With  his  small  force  of  infantry 
and  two  smooth-bore  twenty-four  pound  guns  he  defeated  the  Federal  gun-boats 
in  every  attempt  to  pass,  and  they  were  finally  compelled  to  retire.  To  Looney's 
Thirty-eighth  the  army  of  Gen.  Johnston  was  indebted  for  the  dispatch  with 
which  it  arrived  at  Corinth. 

Previous  to  the  Eastport  affair  the  writer,  while  in  Richmond,  had  an  interview 
with  Mr.  Benjamin,  Secretary  of  War,  who  placed  in  his  hand  written  authority 
for  Col.  R.  F.  Looney  to  organize  regiments  and  battalions,  to  be  formed  into  a 


Kegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        865 

brigade  and  to  be  commanded  by  him.  Col.  Looney,  at  the  time  he  reported  at 
Corinth,  had  one  regiment  and  one  battalion  and  other  companies  awaiting  his 
orders.  When  he  arrived  at  Corinth  his  several  companies  were  taken  from  him, 
and  with  several  other  detached  companies  formed  into  the  Twenty-sixth  Regi- 
ment Alabama  Volunteers.  Second  Lieut.  A.  D.  Gwynne,  of  Co.  A,  was  ap- 
pointed Major  of  the  regiment.  At  the  organization  of  the  army  at  Corinth  the 
Thirty-eighth  Tennessee  Regiment  was  assigned  to  Pond's  brigade,  Ruggles's  di- 
vision, and  Bragg' s  corps.  Pond's  brigade  was  composed  of  the  Thirty-eighth 
Tennessee  Regiment  (R.  F.  Looney,  Colonel  commanding),  four  Louisiana  regi- 
ments, and  one  battery. 

The  first  event  of  note  after  the  reorganization  of  the  army  at  Corinth  was  the 
famous  battle  ot  Shiloh,  April  6  and  7,  18*52.  The  Thirty-eighth  Tennessee  was 
engaged  in  the  fight  both  Sunday  and  Monday,  .and  was  in  the  last  charge  made 
by  the  Confederates  on  Monday.  They  were  complimented  by  Gen.  Beauregard 
on  Sunday's  field  for  a  gallant  charge  and  capture  of  a  battery  that  several  regi- 
ments had  previously  failed  to  take.  They  were  in  the  charge  on  Sunday  evening 
that  captured  Prentiss's  brigade,  and  were  ready  to  assist  in  the  capture  of  the  last 
Federal  huddled  under  the  river-bank  that  evening,  but,  much  to  their  surprise, 
were  ordered  to  fall  back.  The  enemy's  gun-boats,  which  were  shelling  furiously, 
did  us  no  damage.;  nor  could  they  have  inflicted  any,  had  we  moved  forward,  with- 
out as  much  damage  to  their  own  men.  I  do  not  know  who  was  responsible  for 
the  order,  but  I  do  know  the  gallant  Polk  had  given  us  orders  to  advance  when 
lie  received  orders  to  retire.  The  account  of  this  tight  has  been  so  often  and  bet- 
ter told  that  I  will  not  attempt  it. 

Those  who  participated  in  the  first  day's  fight  and  are  now  living  will  never  for- 
get that  terrible  night.  Our  regiment  was  on  an  outpost  and  not  far  from  the 
river.  We  were  without  shelter,  the  rain  falling.  The  Federal  bands  could  be 
distinctly  heard  as  Buell's  forces  were  crossing  the  river.  The  gun-boats  were 
shelling  every  few  moments  through  the  night.  In  the  early  gray  of  the  morn- 
ing the  enemy  opened  on  us,  and  after  a  short  engagement  the  Thirty-eighth  was 
ordered  to  fall  back.  Later  they  were  ordered  to  join  Hardee  at  the  little  log 
church  (SUiloh)j  and  from  that  point  assisted  in  the  last  charge  made  by  our  in- 
fantry.    That  evening  we  fell  back  to  Monterey,  and  the  next  day  to  Corinth. 

Thus  far  the  history  of  Rice's  Battery — then  known  as  Co.  A,  Thirty-eighth 
Tennessee  Regiment — and  that  of  the  regiment  were  identical.  Capt.  John  A. 
Lea,  having  previously  been  assigned  to  staff*  duty  with  Gen.  Ledbetter,  in  East 
Tennessee,  was  not  with  the  company  at  Shiloh.  On  our  return  to  Corinth  a  re- 
organization was  ordered  in  our  company,  with  the  following  result:  T.  W.  Rice, 
Captain;  B.  F.  Haller,  First  Lieutenant;  H.  PI.  Briggs,  Second  Lieutenant;  D. 
C.  Jones,  Third  Lieutenant. 

This  company  was  detached  from  the  Thirty-eighth  Regiment,  and  assigned  t* 
the  command  of  a  heavy  battery,  consisting  of  two  rirled  thirty-two  pounders  and 
one  smooth-bore  twenty-four  pounder.  These  guns  were  on  breastworks  eom- 
maii'incr  the  lower  Farmington  road.  By  tlm  time  the  enemy  had  advanced  un- 
til artillery  duels  were  of  daily  occurrence,  but  without  material  injury  to  us. 
This  state  of  affairs  continued  until  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  when  the  follow- 
ing artillery  companies  were  ordered  to  Columbus,  3£iss. :  Rice's,   Lynch's,  and 

Johnson's,  Tennessee;  Thrall's  and  Owens'?,  Arkansas;  and  Bane's,  Mississippi. 
55 


8GG  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


We  V ere  then  formed  into  a  battalion,  with  C'apt.  Lynch  commanding  and  Lieut. 
13.  F.  Haller  Adjutant.  Later  Lynch,  Johnson,  Bane,  and  Owen  were  ordered  to 
Yicksburg.  Rice  and  Thrall  remained  in  that  department  Until  equipped  as  light 
artillery,  when  they  were  assigned  to  Gen.  Forrest's  command., 

Pace's  Battery  assisted  in  the  fight  at  Okolona.  For  some  time  after  this  it  was 
encased  in  frustrating  small  raids,  and  did  not  participate  in  any  affair  of  impor- 
tance until  June  10,  1864,  at  the  battle  of  Tishomingo  Creek.  I  refresh  my  mem- 
[  ory  from  Gen.  Forrest's  "Campaigns,"  commencing  on  page  470: 

"Meanwhile  Face's  and  Morton's  batteries,  having  been  brought  up  at  a  gal- 
lop for  some  eight  miles,  were  immediately  thrown  forward  into  position  in  an 
open  field  on  a  hill  in  rear  of  Lyons's  brigade,  and  opened  with  spirit  and  execu- 
tion, especially  upon  the  Federal  infantry  confronting  Fucker.  .  .  .  Euford  had 
been  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  right  and  center,  embracing  Lyons's  and 
Johnson's  brigades  and  the  artillery — Face's  and  Morton's,  four  guns  each — with 
instructions  to  attack  strenuously  as  soon  as  Bell  was  heard  in  action;  and  this 
was  the  position  of  the  combat  about  midday.  The  Federals,  constantly  reenforced 
by  fresh  regiments  brought  up  one  after  another,  were  so  greatly  superior  in  num- 
ber that  the  result  was  still  extremely  doubtful.  Forrest  therefore  repaired  in 
person  to  where  his  artillery  was  in  position  in  front  of  Lyons,  ordering  the  pieces 
to  be  double-shotted  with  canister — a  favorite  practice — and  limbered  up,  and 
moved  with  them  down  a  gentle  slope  to  within  sixty  yards  of  the  Federal  lines, 
to  the  edge  of  a  field  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  north-east  of  Brice's  house.  Just 
at  this  moment  a  strong  Federal  line,  resuming  the  offensive,  was  emerging  from 
the  woods  into  the  open  ground.  In  this  position  Rice's  and  Morton's  batteries 
opened  with  signal  execution.  The  Confederate  fire  of  small  arms  and  artillery 
was  rapid,  incessant,  desolating.  Forrest's  line  was  now  shortened,  and  hence 
strengthened  as  it  converged  upon  the  cross-roads,  and  the  Federals  were  driven 
back  at  all  points  into  a  broad  ravine  westward  of  Brice's  house  leading  to  Tish- 
omingo Creek.  Infantry,  cavalry,  artillery,  their  wagon-train  and  ambulances 
were  huddled  together  in  an  almost  inextricable  coil,  and  upon  the  mass  Rice's 
and  Morton's  batteries  were  brought  to  bear  with  fearful  carnage.  By  this  time 
six  guns  had  been  captured  at  Brice's  house,  and  several  of  them,  manned  by  the 
Confederate  artillerists,  were  turned  upon  the  Federals,  disabling  the  horses  of 
another  of  the  enemy's  batteries.  Rice's  and  Morton's  batteries  were  rapidly 
moved  forward  to  the  obstructed  mass  of  the  enemy,  and  poured  upon  it  a  deadly 
tide  of  canister.  The  havoc  was  ghastly.  Here  another  battery  was  abandoned 
as  the  enemy  crowded  back  along  the  Ripley  road  toward  Tishomingo  Creek. 
The  bridge,  which  was  still  standing,  was  blocked  up  with  wagons.  Finding  their 
_  way  thus  blocked,  they  rushed  into  the  creek;  but  as  they  emerged  from  the  water 
on  the  west  bank  the  first  section  of  Rice's  Battery  played  upon  them  for  half  a 
mile,  killing  and  disabling  large  numbers.  The  second  section  of  Rice's  Battery 
was  Avorked  across  the  creek,  and,  supported  by  the  escort,  overtook  and  opened 
upon  the  negro  brigade  with  double-shotted  canister  with  appalling  efiect.  The 
obstructions  having  been  removed  by  throwing  the  wagons  into  the  water,  the  rest 
of  the  artillery  swiftly  followed  the  advance  section  of  Rice's  Battery,  and,  secur- 
ing favorable  position,  joined  the  havoc.  Nothing  could  exceed  the  daring,  spirit, 
energy,  and  execution  with  which  the  Confederate  artillery  was  handled  by  its 
officers. 


FiEGLMEXTAL  HlSTOftlES  AND  ALEMOIUAL  JaOLLS.  867 


"About  two  miles  from  Brice's  Cross-roads  the  enemy  rallied  in  force,  and  made 
a  strong  fight  for  about  halt' an  hour,  driving  our  troops  back  upon  Rice's  Batterr. 
But  that  battery  opening  with  double  charges  of  canister,  and  Lyous's  brigade 
springing  forward,  hurled  them  back  completely  demoralized.  The  pursuit  was 
kept  up  until  darknebS  rendered  it  impossible  to  proceed  farther  that  night.  The 
first  section  of  Rice's  Battery  was  ordered  to  be  supplied  and  the  places  of  wound- 
ed men  and  horses  to  be  made  good  from  the  second  section  and  be  ready  at  day- 
light to  continue  the  pursuit.  Most  of  the  night  was  consumed  in  getting  read-.-. 
About  5  o'clock  in  the  morning  we  commenced  the  pursuit,  and  although  we  had 
ten  horses  to  each  gun  and  eight  to  cair-sons,  and  moved  at  a  gallop,  the  swiftness 
of  the  enemy  in  retreating  prevented  our  using  the  artillery  to  any  advantage. 
Quite  a  number  of  Federals  surrendered  to  this  section  during  the  day,  and  were 
turned  over  by  them  to  the  escort. 

"The  battle  of  Tishomingo  was  a  wonderful  victory,  and  beyond  question  the 
most  brilliant  that  Forrest's  command  made  during  the  war.  Our  loss  in  killed 
and  wounded  was  about  seven  hundred.  We  lost  nothing  by  capture.  The  Fed- 
eral loss  was  about  two  thousand  killed  and  wounded  and  about  the  same  number 
taken  prisoners.  We  captured  their  entire  wagon  and  ambulance  train  and 
twenty  pieces  of  artillery  completely  equipped.  The  Federal  force  engaged  in 
the  fight  numbered  about  twelve  thousand,  the  Confederate  force  about  thirty-five 
hundred." 

From  the  close  of  the  battle  of  Tishomingo  Creek  to  that  of  ITarrisburg  our 
time  was  occupied  in  looking  after  small  raids  of  the  enemy.  On  the  morning 
of  July  14  Forrest's  command  of  eight  thousand  cavalry  and  five  batteries — four 
guns  each — found  themselves  in  front  of  the  Federal  force  of  sixteen  thousand 
infantry  and  cavalry,  commanded  by  Gen.  Smith.  They  were  splendidly  equipped 
and  were  intrenched  at  the  little  hamlet  of  Harrisburg.  Gen.  S.  D.  Lee  being 
present,  and  being  senior  to  Gen.  Forrest,  assumed  Command  of  our  force.  He 
formed  two  lines  of  battle — Rice's  Battery  in  center  ot  first  line.  The  first  line 
gallantly  moved  to  the  attack  and  closed  up  on  the  Federal  breastworks.  We 
were  met  with  a  storm  of  artillery  and  musketry  fire.  The  first  section  of  Rice's 
Battery  was  advanced  to  within  two  hundred  yards  of  the  breastworks,  and  opened 
with  great  effect.  Gen.  Forrest,  from  Ins  position  observing  that  this  section  had 
been  advanced  too  far,  sent  one  of  his  aids  to  order  us  to  fall  back,  which  order 
was  quickly  obeyed,  for  during  the  short  time  in  that  position  we  had  seven  men 
and  quite  a  number  of  horses  wounded. 

The  fighting  continued  throughout  the  day.  'In  the  early  part  of  the  evening 
it  was  discovered  that  the  Federals  were  burning  Harrisbunr.  Gen.  Chalmer.-, 
with  a  regiment  of  cavalry  and  the  second  section  of  Rice's  Battery,  Lieut.  Erigirs 
commanding,  made  a  reconnoissance.  Skirmishers  were  met  and  driven  back. 
Gen.  Chalmers  ordered  Lieut.  Briggs  to  open  fire  on  the  enemy  gathered  around 
the  burning  buildings,  which  caused  them  to  disappear  in  the  darkness  of  the 
night.  One  brigade  of  our  cavalry  made  a  night  attack  on  the  enemy's  left,  but 
with  no  good  result.  The  next  day  was  one  of  great  suffering  to  the  men,  owing 
to  the  intense  heat.  A  great  number  were  overcome,  and  were  sent  to  the  rear. 
For  some  cause  unknown  to  the  writer  the  enemy  abandoned  their  splendid  po- 
sition and  breastworks,  and  commenced  a  retreat.  Rice's  Battery,  with  the  cav- 
alry, was  ordered  to  follow  in  pursuit.     Arriving  at  Old  Town  Creek,  or  swamp, 


8GS  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


we  found  ourselves  in  an  ambuscade,  but  the  cavalry  dismounting  and  the  battery 
getting  into  position  opened  fire  with  such  good  effect  that  the  enemy  quickly 
continued  their  retreat.  We  had  three  buttery  men  wounded  ami  several  horses 
killed  by  their  first  lire.  The  enemy  rapidly  disappeared,  and  the  artillery  was 
ordered  back  to  Tupelo.  This  ended  the  battle  of  Harrisburg  so  far  as  the  artil- 
I  lery  was  concerned. 

In  August  Rice's  Battery  was  ordered  to  Oxford,  but  did  not  take  any  hnpor- 
.  tant  part  in  the  fighting.  After  Forrest's  successful  raid  on  Memphis  we  were 
ordered  to  Grenada,  where  we  remained  until  his  raid  on  Jolmsonville,  when  the 
'second  section  of  the  battery,  under  command  of  Second  Lieut.  II.  II.  Briggs, 
was  ordered  to  join  the  expedition.  It  made  considerable  reputation,  not  only  in 
the  atmck  on  Jolmsonville  and  the  gun-boats,  but  throughout  the  retreat  of  Hood's 
army  from  Middle  Tennessee,  The  first  section  of  the  battery  had  been  ordered 
to  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  road,  and  was  at  Corinth  for  some  time. 

When  the  army  fell  back  to  Mississippi  Rice's  Battery  was  ordered  to  Verona. 
At  this  place  First  Lieut.  B.  F.  Haller,  with  one  section  of  men,  was  transferred 
to  Morton's  battery,  and  continued  with  it  until  we  were  surrendered,  which  oc- 
curred at  Gainesville,  Ala.,  May  9,  ISGo.  The  remnainderof  Rice's  Battery  was 
sent  to  Mobile,  where  it  was  assigned  to  a  heavy  battery  in  Fort  Albert  Sidney 
Johnston,  and  was  surrendered  at  that  point.  I  do  not  remember  the  names  cf 
those  who  were  killed  or  died  from  their  wounds  during  the  war. 


MISCELLANEOUS  COMMANDS. 

Ojfidal']  

Axglade'*  Battery, 

Captain,  J.  G.  Anglade, 
One  roll  only;  no  account  of  deaths. 


Baxter's  Battery. 

Captain,  Ed.  Baxter. 
Loveli,  Robt.  B..  d.  April  in.  18G2,  of  typhoid  !  Jackson,  Richard  P.,  d.  Jane  10, 1SG3,  at  Bean's 

fever,  in  hospital  at  Knoxville.  j      Station,  of  typhoid  fever. 

MeCrary,  Jnmes,  d.  .Tune  7,  1SG3,  at  Bean's  Sta-  j  Thompson,  Lew;?  P..d.  May  27, 1SG:3,  at  Bean's 

tiori,  of  typhoid  fever.  \      Station,  of  typhoid  fever. 

Terrtll,  Joseph  R.,  d.  May  28,1863,  at  Bean's  ;  Buttery.  V\'m.  G.  W.,  d.  of  chronic  diarrhea, 

Station,  of  typhoid  fever.  Feb.  5,  1864,  in  hospital  at  Covington.  Ga. 

Carr,  (ieo.  W..  d.  June  5,  1863,  at  Bean's  Station,  j  Sears,  Hiram,  d.  of  chronic  diarrhea,  Jan.  20, 

of  typhoid  fever.  1SG4.  in  Catoosa  hospital,  at  Griffin,  Ga. 

Hooper,  Wm.  R..  d.  May  2D,  1863,  at  Bean's*  |  Monre,  John,  d.  at  Tullahoma,  Tenn.,  April  27, 

Station,  of  typhoid  fever.  j      1863. 

j  Six  rolls  all  together. 


Bibb's  Battery. 
Captain,    P.  W.   Bibb. 
Bradford,  J.  R.,  d.  Aug.  11.  1SG2,  at  Camp  Douglas. 
The  following  memorandum  appears  on  the  muster-roll,  the  only  one  on  file: 
"All  papers  and  books  belonging  to  the  comj  any  ivc  destroyed  at  the  time  of  our  capture. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.        8C9 

All  present  at  all  the  attacks  by  the  Federal  Meet  at  Columbus,  Ky.,  and  at  the  siege  of  Island 
No.  10,  Mississippi  River  where  about  twelve  thousand  shot  and  shell  were  thrown  into  the 
bland  without  the  loss  of  a  man  on  our  side;  and  the  entire  Federal  fleet,  composed  of  eight 
gun-boats,  nineteen  mortar-rafts,  with  an  army  of  thirty  to  thirty-five  thousand  riven,  were 
held  at  buy  for  twenty-four  days  by  one-eighth  their  number,  and  at  the  time  of  surrender 
two  thousand  three  hundred  covered  our  entire  force  in  and  around  the  island. 

«■  (Signed)  p.  \y.  Btiu:,  Captain." 

Brown's  Horse  Artillery,  Pegram's  Cavalry  Brigade. 

Captain,  W.  R.  Marshall. 

Following  is  a  copy  of  a  note  inscribed  on  one  of  the  master-rolls  of  said  organization  by 
the  Captain  thereof: 

"The  history  of  the  company  is  briefly  this*  Gen.  E.  Kirby  Smith  gave  six  of  the  guns 
captured  at  Richmond,  Ky.,  to  the  undersigned,  then  Lieutenant  Of  artillery,  and  authority  to 
raise  a  company  of  artillery,  to  be  assigned  to  Gen.  BuVord's  Kentucky  brigade. 

"This  was  done  en  the  23d  of  September,  18(52,  at  Lexington.  Ky.  The  company  was  form- 
ing, but  the  evacuation  of  Lexington  on  the  5th  of  October  prevented  further  recruiting,  and. 
with  condemned  horses,  patched-up  stage-harness,  and  barely  men  enough  to  drive  the  guns, 
a  battery-wa<ron  and  caisson  were  brought  through  safely  to  Knoxville,  Tenn.  On  arriving. 
the  character  of  the  company  was  changed,  and  it  became  horse  artillery  h  ith  four  guns,  and 
by  order  of  Gen.  Smith  the  undersigned  proceeded  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  in  November,  and  ob- 
tained harness,  traveling-forge,  and  cavalry  equipments,  which  made  the  equipment  of  the 
battery  complete  except  the  complement  of  men,  who  were  supplied  by  order  of  Gen.  Smith. 
Lieut.  Wallace  has  appointment  by  same  authority  and  date. 

'•(Signed)  W.  R.  Marshall,  Captain" 

On  another  muster-roll  is  written  the  following: 

"  By  departmental  orders  the  battery  was  divided  on  May  7, 18G3;  first  section,  under  Lieut. 
Wallace,  going  with  Gen.  Pegram  to  Monticelio,  Ky. ;  second  section  to  Kingston,  Tenn. 

"The  battery  returned,  and  was  reunited  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  June  30,  1S63. 

"(Signed)  W.  R.  Marshall,  Captain.*' 

Two  rolls;  no  deaths  reported  thereon. 


Tennessee  Artillery  Corps. 
company  a. 

Captain,  W.  Y.  C.  Humes. 
Cillebee,  Patrick,  d.  Oct.  9,  1862,  by  reason  of  i  Mansfield,  Harry,  d.    May  9,    1802,    at  Camp 

chronic   diarrhea,    in  hospital   at  Jackson,!     Douglas,  while  a  prisoner  of  war. 

Miss.  J  Nine  rolls ;  nothing  aduitional. 

Cook,  Ned,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas  while  a  pris-  j 

oner  of  war,  May  13,  1S62. 


Tennessee  Light  Artillery, 
company  c 

Captain,  Wm.  C  Winston. 
Montgomery,  Alexander,  d.  in  Spring  Hill  hospital,  Oct.  1G,  1S63, 
Seven  rolls;  nothing  additional. 


First  Tennessee  Heavy  Artillery. 

Colonel,  Andrew  Jackson,  jr. ;  Lieutenant-colonel,  R.  Sterling. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  Paul  T.  Dismukes. 
Beard,  Joseph,  d.  near  Memphis,  Tenn.,  April  I  Roche-;  F.  G..  d.  at  Brookhaven  hospital.  Mi 
10,  1S62.  Aug.  1G,  1862, 


870 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Howell,  E.  R,  d.  July  5,  1862,  of  wounds  re-  •  Bandy,  G.  \V.,  d.  at  city  hospital,  Vieksburg 

ceived  io  battle  atVfeksbttrg,  Miss.,  June  28,  .     Miss.,  Sept.  LI,  1862. 

1S62.  \  Jameson,  11.  H.,  d.  at  Vieksburg,  Miss.,  Oct.  13, 

Vestal,  N.  G., drowned  in  the  Mississippi  Riv-  |     1862. 

er,  June  G.  1SG2  '  Lopez,  John,  d.  at  city  hospital,  Vieksburg, 

Bouehire.  J.  B.,  k.  in  battle  at  Vieksburg,  June  j      Miss.,  Sept.  13,  1862. 

28,  1862:  !  Davis,  Joseph,  d.  at  city  hospital,  Vieksburg, 

Solomon.  J.  A.,  d.  in   hospital   at  Vieksburg,!     Miss., Jan.  13,1863. 

about  June  26, 1862?  i  Hoadley,  Maj.  F.  W.,  k.  in  aciionat  upperwater- 

Waldrup.  Abrarn,  d.  in  hospital  at  Brookhaven,  i      batteries  at  Vieksburg,  Miss.,  June  8, 1S63. 

June  24,  1862.  |  Hooks,  Philip,  d.at  city  hospital,  Aug.  10,  1862. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captains:  James  A.  Fisher  and  W.  P.  Parks. 

Bearwood,  J.  M~  drowned  near  Blakely,  Ala.,  j  Davis,  W.  F.,  d.  at  Vieksburg,  Mis?.,  Sept.  30, 

March  15,  lS6i.  !      1862. 

Williams,  A.  J.,  d.  at  Vieksburg  hospital,  Jan.  !  Watson,  J.  S.,  d.  at  Vieksburg  hospital,  Not.  8, 
6,  1863.  j      1862. 


Wright,  Lieut.  George  S.,  d.  Aug.  30,  1862. 


MeElya,  W.,  d.  Aug.  4, 1802. 


COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  H.  T.  Norman. 
Nix,  W.  IL,  d.  in  hospital  at  Canton,  Miss.,  Feb.  1  Goff.  P.,  d.  in  city  hospital,  Vieksburg,  Miss.. 

27,  1863.  |      Oct.  16,  1862. 

French,  M..  d.  in  prison  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  j  Weidman,  William,  k.  in  action  at  Vieksburg, 
Blair,  F.,  d.  May  10, 1862,  at  Fort  Pillow.  Miss.,  June  28, 1362. 

COMPANY  D. 
Captain,  John  T.  Postlethwaite. 
Bird,  William,  d.  in  city  hospital,  Dec.  7,  1862.  [  Gayham.  John,  d.  in  hospital,  Aug.  29, 1862,  at 
Hickey,  John.  d.  in  hospital,  July  25,  1802,  at  i      Vieksburg,  Miss. 
Vieksburg,  Miss.  j  Smith,  G.  W.,  d.  in  hospital,  Nov.  20,  1862. 

COMPANY  L. 
Captain,  T.  N.  Johnston. 
Fullerton,  E.E~.d.  in  camp  at  Vieksburg,  Miss.,  1  Wood,  D.  S.,  d.  at  hospital,  Columbus,  Miss^ 
Feb.  27, 1863.  |     Dee.  1,  1862. 


First  Tennessee  Light  Artillery. 
Colonel.  J.  P.  MeCown. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  H.  L.  W.  MeClttog. 

COMPANY  B. 
Captains:  W.  L.  Scott,  Jesse  Taylor,  and  Smith  P.  Bankhead. 


Thomas,  J.  F,  d.  in  hospital  at  Chattanooga. 

June  4. 1S63. 
Brown,  W,  d.  at  Winchester,  Tenn.,  Nov.  12. 

ISO! 
Sailhorst,  A-  d.  at  Chattanooga.   . 
Cc  ©pet,  J.  W,  d.  at  Murfreesboro,  Dec.  8, 1662. 
Ce;:ner.  J.,  i. 
Honen,  T.  W„  i.  in  hospital  at  Harrodsburg, 

Ky. 
Maroney,  G.  J,  d.  Feb.  5, 1502. 
Goins,  T.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Chattanooga,  July 

18. 13  a 


Weemes,  W.,  d.  at  Cherokee  hospital,  Aug.  14. 
1SC3. 

Vining,  D.  J.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Tuliahoma,  Feb. 
14, 1SG3. 

Martin,   E.,  d.  in    hospital    at    Chattanooga, 
March  S,  1863. 

Holt,  HineSd.  March  4. 1S63. 

Weller,  Capt.  Frederick  J.,  k.  June  10,  1S63, 
during  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson. 

Bledsoe4  Lieut.  Wm.  H.,  k.  July  7,  1863,  dur- 
ing the  siege  of  Port  Hudson. 
i  Carter,  Henry,  d.  at  Alton,  111.,  March  3, 1862. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.         871 


Phoenix,  Lieut.  John,  k.  July  7,  1863,  during  !  Jones,  C.  C.  d.  at  Alton,  III.,  Feb.  27,  1862. 

the  siege  of  Pert  Hudson.  j  Kaliehan.  James,  1:.  in  action  at  Fort  Henry, 

Boswell,  Hiram,  k.  in  action  at  Fort  Henry,!     Feb.  6,  1862. 

Feb.  C,  1SQ2.  |  Lee,  Michael,  k.  in  battle  at  Fort  Henry,  Feb. 

Douglas,  John,  k.  in   action  at  Fort  Henry,:     G,  16G2. 

Feb.  C,  1S62.  |  McCabe,  Edward,  k.  in  action  at  Fort  Henry, 

Garner,  P.,  d.  of  wounds   received  at  Fort  I     Feb.  6, 1862. 

Henry,  Aug.  7*1862.  I  Ren  fro,  William,  k.  at  Fort   Henry,  Feb.  II, 

Jones,  T.  L.,  d.  at  Alton,  111.,  March  20, 18G2.      j     1862. 

COMPANY  D, 

Captain,  W.  H.  Jackson. 

COMPANY  G. 
Captain,  Marshall  T.  Polk. 
Cooke,  T.  B.,  k.  May  27,  1S63,  at  the  siege  of  j  Wilkes,  R.  S.,  d.  Oct.  2.  1661. 
Port  Hudson.  j 

COMPANY  —  * 
Captain.  James  Hamilton. 

COMPANY  — .* 
Captain,  Frederick  L.  Warner. 

COMPANY  -.* 
Captain,  W.  Keiter. 

COMPANY  — > 
Captain,  J.  P.  Lynch. 
Barnes,  John,  d.    in  hospital   at  Columbus,  j  Walts,  John  M.,  sent  to  hospital  at  Grenada, 
July  15, 1862.  j     Miss.,  April    1,    1862,    and    reported    since 

Thomas  J.  Clark,  d.  in  hospital  at  Columbus,  j      dead. 
July  15,  1862.  I 

COMPANY  —  .* 
,  Captain,  J.  W.  Stewart. 


Burroughs's  Battery. 

Captain,  William  H.  Burroughs. 
Preston,  Michael,  d.  in  hospital  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  Aug.  25, 1SG4. 


Calvert's  Light  Artillery, 
company  A. 

Captain,  J.  H.  Calvert. 
Clemonds,  W.  B..  k.  in  the  battle  of  Murfrees-  |  Shelby,  Isaac,  d.  at  Tullahoma,  Tenn.,  Feb.  17, 

bovo,  Dec.  31, 1S62,  j     1863. 

Shoat,  Michael,  d.  at  Estill  Springs,  Nov.  20,  j  Hyatt.  John,  k.  fft  the  battle  of  Murfreeaboro, 

1562.  Jan.  L  1863. 

McLaughlin,  Patrick,  k.  in  the  battle  of  Mur-    Ward,  George,  k.  at   Blue  Spring,  Aug.  27, 

freesboro,  Dec.  31,  1602.  1SG3. 


Eldridge's  Battery*. 

Captain.  J.  W.  Eldridge. 

Carrnl,  R.  A.,  d.  Jan.,  1802,  at  Bowling  Green.  I  Brown,  S.  P.,  d.  Feb  C.  1SG2,  at  Bowling  Green, 
Kv.  Ky. 


*  Company  n  >t  sta'.eJ  oa  i.iuster-roll. 


8/2  Militabt  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Guthrie,    T.   L.,  d.  Jan.  -4,  I8G2,  at  Bowling ,  Stafford,   E.,   d.   Jan.  26,   1862,   at    Columbia, 


Green,  Ky. 
Grant,   T.    M*  d.   Feb.   14,  1362,  at  Nashville. 

Term. 
Griin.es,  P.  R.,  d.  April  22, 1862. 


Term. 

Suellings,  J.,  d.  Jan.  1,  18C2,  at  Bowling  Green, 

Ky. 
Tucker,  A.  J.,  d.  Feb.  11,  1662. 


Howitzer  Battery,  Third  Cavalry  Brigade. 

Captain,  Gustave  A.  Huwaid. 
Cartwright,  M.  P.,  k.  at  Fort  Munfordsville,  Ky.,  Sept.  14,  1862, 


Keys's  Light  Artillery,  Hotchkiss's  Battalion. 

Captain,  Thomas  J.  Keys. 
Steam,  Meyers,  k.  in   the  battle  of  Chiclca-  I  Taylor,  John  P.,  k.  in  battle  near  Resaca,  Ga., 


manga. 

Lilley,  Wra.  L.,  k.  in  battle  near  Resaca,  Ga. 
May  14,  1864. 


I      May  14, 1864. 


The  following  is  a  note  made  on  one  of  the  muster-rolls.    It  doe3  not  say  by  whom: 
"This  company  has   passed  through  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Tuscumbia  Creek,  Perryville, 

Murfreesboro,  and  Chickamauga.     In  the  last-named  battle  the  company  fenght  as  gallantly 

as  ever  did  men. 
"The  battery  on  Saturday  night  fought  over  our  line  of  infantry,  and  on  Sunday  ran  up 

within  one  hundred  and  seventy  yards  of  the  enemy,  and  drove  them  therefrom."' 


McDonald's  Battery. 

Colonel,  Charles  McDonald. 
COMPANY  A. 
$  Captain,  Philip  T.  Allen. 

Morehead,  H.  C,  k.  in  action  at  Murfreesboro. ,.  Patrison,  O.  G.,  k.  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  G, 
Jones,  R.  C,  d.  May  22,  1S62.  1862. 

Lake,  A.  F.,  k.  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April 

1862. 
Rawlinjrs.S.  K.,  d.Mav  13, 1862. 


Wehrh,  Frederick,  k.  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April 

6,  1862. 
Stewart,  D.  M.,  k.  at  Somerville. 


COMPANY  B. 
Captain,  J.  G.  Barbour. 
I 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain,  J.  C.  Blanton. 
SmMey,  D.  G.,  k.  at  Duck's  Creek,  Tenn.,  Dec.  I  Moffitt,  J.  M.,  d.  June  21, 1863,  at  Florence,  Ala. 
24,  1S63.  .    J 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain,  Wra.  H.  Forrest. 

McHenry,  Thomas,  d.  at  Resaca,  Ga.,  Oct.  8,  13G3. 


Maney's  Battery. 

(Designated  as  Co.  A,  Twenty-fourth  Tennessee  Battalion  of  Sharp-shooters.) 

Major,  Frank  Maney. 

Captain.  H.  31.  MeAdoo. 

Byrn,  Lieut.  S.  M.,  k.  in  action  at  Fort  Done!- 1  Riding.-,  J.  J.,  k.  in  action  at  Fort  Donelson, 

son,  Feb.  13*  1862*  Feb.  13,  1S62. 


PiEGDIENTAL  HlSTOKIES  AND  MEMORIAL  EOLLS.  873 


Coleman,  C.  C,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Donei- 
son, Jan.  8,  1SGJ. 
Slayden,  Sanders,   d.  in  hospital  at  Clinton, 

Miss.,  Oct.,  1862. 
Evans,.J.J.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Nov.  10,  1861, 
Collier,  Ira,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Dec.  11,  1861. 
Harper,  J.  W.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Jan.  7,  1SG2. 
Jones,  T.  J.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Jan.  15,  1SG2. 
Norman,  R.  A.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Jan.  2,  1862. 
Fnrman.  J.  G.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Dec.  0,  1861. 
Yates,  Levi,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Jan.  '24,  1SG2. 
Walls,  F.  W.,  k.  in  action  at  Fort  Doneison, 

Feb.  13,  1862. 
Lewis,  G.  W.,  k.  in  action  at  Murfreesboro, 

Dec.  81, 1862. 
Poiner,  W.  T.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Fort  Donei- 
son, Jan.  10,  1862. 
Cooley,  David,  d.at  home,  March  10,  1862. 
Bureham,  John,  d.  at  home,  March  1, 1862. 
Alexander,  Whit,  d.  at  home,  March  1, 1SG2. 
Powers,    E.  N-,    d.    in   hospital    at   Clinton, 

Miss.,  Sept.  23,  1862. 


Brown,  W.  T.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Clinton,  Miss., 

Oct.  14,  ls62. 
BaugUS,  W.  M.,  d.   in   hospital  at   Knoxvihe, 
!      Nov.  17,  1862. 

,  Winstead,  C.  C,  d.  in  hospital  at  Chatntnoo.-n. 
J      .Ian.  2G.  186-3. 

i  Catf,  D.  H.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Clarksviile,  Term., 
|      Feb.  1,  1862. 

|  Brown.  E.  P.»  d.  in  hospital  at  Chattanooga, 
|      April  14,  1863. 
Beacham,  J.  B.,  d.  in  hospital   at  CassvilK 

Ga.,  March  10, 1864. 
Rusline,  G.  W.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Shelbyville, 

Tenn.,  Feb.  11,  186.1 
Norman,  W.  D.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Shelbyville, 

Tenn.,  Feb.  24,  ISG3. 
Scott,  J.  E.,  d.  sitH'e  mustered. 
Long,  J.  M. .  d.  since  mustered. 
Marchbank,  Elisha,  d.  since  mustered. 
Sinks,  Robert,  d.  in  hospital  at  Atlanta,  Ga-, 

Feb.  23,  1863. 
Tate,  Benjamin,  d.  since  mustered. 
Brown,  James,  d.  May  1, 1>>63. 
Weaver,  James  S,  d.  in  hospital  at  Atlanta, 

Ga..  Aug.  24,  lS6o. 
Choat,  Thomas,  d.  in   hospital   at  Columbia, 
j      Feb.  26,1863. 

I  Narrarr.on,  E.,  d.at  Gate  City  hospital,  April 
|      12,  1863. 


Unattached  Maury  Light  Artillery. 

Captains:  R.  R.  Ross  and  P.  R.  Griffith. 
Cook,  P.  H.,  d.  June  11, 1SG2,  at  Camp  Douglas.  I  Harbison,   J.   H.,  d.  April   20,  1862.  at  Camp 
West,  A.  B.,  d.  Sept.  28, 1862,  at  Camp  Douglas,  i 
Allen  T.  F.,  d.  April  14, 1862,  at  Camp  Douglas. 
Alexander,  J.  F.,  d.  Sept.  3,  1S62,  at  Camp 

Douglas. 
Dodson,  J.  M.,  d.  Dec.  19. 
Dockery,   J.   V..  d.  April   20,  18G2,  at  Camp  j  Pane,  H.,  d.  Dec.  21. 

Douglas.  Reaves*  J.  B.,  d.  Jan.  2,  1862. 

Hadley,  F.  M.,  d.  March  2,  1S62.  j  Robinson,  G.  W.,  d.  Jan.  8,  I8j52 

Harbison,  J.  M.,  d.  June  20,  1862,   at  Camp  j  Stuard,  B.,  d.  May  10,  1SG2. 

Douglas.  i 


Douglas. 
Hood,  W.C.,  d.  at  Clarksviile,  Dec.  14. 
Johnson,  W.  R.,  d.  June  5, 1862,  at  Camp 

las. 
Notgrass  A.  P.,  d.  May  10,  at  Camp  Dot 


Doug- 
las. 


Lookout  Artillery. 

Captain,  Robert  L.  Barry. 
Ford,  Thomas  J.,  d.  Nov.  9.  1S62.  j  Underwood,  E.  R.,  d.  Sept.  14,  1SG3,  in  hospital 

Roberts,  F.  M..  d.  Sept.  16,  18G3,  in  hospital  at  j     at  Lauderdale  Springs,  Miss. 

Newton,  Miss.  Carson,  \V.  A.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Greenville,  Ala-, 

Maurice,  M.,  d.  at  Pollard,  March  G,  1863.  |     June  19,  1863. 


Maerey  Battery-. 

Captain,  W.  C.  Kain. 
Crippen,  Cicero  P.,  d.  April  U,  1S63.  |  Ilutts,  Stephen,  d.  March  26,  1863. 


874  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Miller's  Battery. 

Captain,  William  Miller. 


One  roll;  no  information. 


Nelson  Artillery. 

Captain,  James  A.  Fisher. 
Cavender,  J.  W.,  d.  at  Island  No.  10,  April  10,  I  Nolls,  Thomas,  d.  at  Camp  Douglas,  June  C, 

186-2.  1&62. 

r.Ios«,  Amos,  d.  at   Camp    Douglas,    Aug.  2d,    Cavender,  Z.  W.,  d.  in  prison  April  20,  1S62. 

1S62.  ' 

On  the  muster-roll,  the  only  one  on  file,  appears  the  following  inscription: 

"At  the  evacuation  of  Columbus  the  company  was'  ordered  to  Island  No.  10.  On  arriving  at 
that  place,  and  before  batteries  sufficiently  could  be  erected,  were  attacked,  and  after  a  siege 
of  twenty- five  days  surrendered." 

One  roll  only;  nothing  additional. 


Porter's  Battery. 

Captain,  Thomas  K.  Porter. 
Master?,  Charles,  d.  Dec.  23, 1SG1.  I  Thompson,  J.  L„  d.  Dec.  2G,  18CL 

Tumbon,  Ambrose,  d.  Dec.  2G,  1361.  Two  rolls  ;  no  further  information. 


Ramsey's  Battery. 

Captain,  D.  B.  Ramsey. 
Turner,  First  Lieut.  John  A.,  d.  of  wounds  at  Macon,  Ga. 


One  roll;  no  further  information. 


Reneau  Battery  of  Light  Artillery,  "West  Tennessee  Brigade, 

Colonel,  R.  V.  Richardson. 
Captain,  Baylor  Palmer. 
Four  rolls.    No  deaths  reported  thereon. 


Eice's  Heavy  Artillery. 

Captain,  T.  W.  Rice. 


Twenty-two  rolls;  no  information. 


Series's  Battery. 

Captain,  Oliver  J.  Semmes. 
Byrus,  Hughes,  d.  June  22,  18G2. 


One  roll ;  no  further  information. 


Smith's  Battery. 

Captain,  M.  Smith. 


One  roll;  no  information. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Holls.         87, 


Tobin's  Battery'. 

Captain,  Thomas  F.  Tobin. 
Marshall,  Francis,  left  at  Vicksburg  July  V\  j  Murphy,  John  !>.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Vicksburjr. 
ISO;},  suffering  from  wound  received  May  2S,  ;      Miss.,  May  24,  1863,  of  wounds  received  in 
18G3.    It  has  been  lately  reported  to  the  com-  !     action  May  20. 

manding  officer  that  he  died  from  the  effects  j  Hogan,  John,  d.  in  hospital  at  Vicksburg,  June 
of  wound  about  a  year  ago.     He  was  u  gal-       1,  of  wounds  received  May  28,  18';::. 

Hurley,  John,  k.  May  21,  1863,  at  the  breast- 


He  was  a  gal- 
lant soldier. 
Cook,  William,  d.  of  congestion  of  the  brain 
Sept.  11,  1864. 


works  near  Vicksbur< 
the  enemy. 


Miss.,  by  a  shell  from 


Hosmer,  Jesse,  d.  of  congestion  of  the  brain    MeConnell,  John,  k.  May  22,  1863,  at  the  breast- 
Sept.  8, 1864.  J     works  near  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  by  a  shell  from 

Burke,  John,  d.  in  hospital,  Sept.  1, 18G2.  j     ^e  onelny, 

Corbett,  John,  d.  at  Jackson,  .March  26,  1SG2.      j  Qojgley,  John,  reported  to    have  been    killed 
Dobbins,  R.,  d.  at  Columbus.  Ky.,  Feb.  •?,  1,862.  \     near  ^Varrenton,  Miss.,  fur  refusing  to  halt 


Murphy,  J.,  d,  at  Feliciana,  Ky.,  November, 
1SGL 

MeQuade,  Henry,  d.  at  Feliciana,  Ky.,  Novem- 
ber, 1861. 

Furcelt,  D.,  d.  at  Columbus,  Ky.,  June  5, 18G2. 

Wallace,  M.,  k.  at  Columbus,  Ky.,  June  4, 1S62. 

Blackvvell,  Jacob  S.,  d.  in  hospital  at  Vicks- 
burg, March  12,  1863. 


when  challenged. 

Emanuel,  Lieut.  T.  K.,  k.  on  or  about  June  1, 
1863,  at  the  mtrenchments  around  Vicks- 
burg, Miss. 

Fogarty,  Peter,  leg  shot  away  at  Corinth,  Oct. 
4,  1SG2;  wound  supposed  to  have  been  mor- 
tal. 


"White's  Battery,  Wharton's  Brigade. 

Captain,  B.  F.  White. 
McDonald,  A.,  d.  Dec.  7.  18G2. 


One  roll ;  no  further  information. 


"Wright  and  Mebane's  Battery,  Gen.  Breckinridge's  Division. 

Captains:  John  W.  Mebane  and  E,  E.  Wright 
Wright,  Capt.  E.  E.,  k.  in  battle  at  Murfrees-  j  Shelby,  T.  J.,  k.  in  battle  at  Murfreesboro,  Jan. 

boro,  Jan.  2. 1803.  j     2.  1863. 

Rogers,  B.  B.,  k.   in  battle  at  Murfreesboro,  j  Elder,  J.  E.,  d.  at  Tullahoma,  Tenn.,  Feb.  12, 


Jan.  2,  1S6& 
Huckaby,  EL,  k.  in   battle  at  Murfreesboro, 

Jan.  2,  1S63. 
Jeans,  George,  d.  Aug.  1, 1S62. 


1863. 

Stockhird,  F.,  d.  some  time  during  service. 
Hulston,  W.  F.,  d.  June  16.  18G2. 
Johnson,  F.  J.,  d.  June  15, 1SG2. 


Battalion  of  Light  Artillery. 

Major,  F.  A.  Shoup. 

COMPANY  A. 
Captain,  A.  W.  Clarkson. 
Hynes,  Michael,   d.  Feb.  18,  1802,   five  miles  j  Hull,  Daniel  G.,d.  in  Nashville  ;  no  date  given, 
from  Nashville.  One  roll  only;  nothing  additional. 


From  Gen.  Joseph  Wheeler. 

Abttllery  Battalion,  Wheeler's  Corps,  C.  S.  Army,  Tennessee 

LlEVTEN  ANT-COLONEL. 

F.  H.  Robertson,  assigned  to  duty  as  Major  April  13,  1804.    Promoted  to  Brigadier-general 
of  cavalry  July  26,  18*51. 


S76 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Majors. 

Il'^rnps,  W.  Y.  C,  assigned  to  duty .    Pro-  j      serve  April  13,  1864.     Promoted  to  Lieuten- 

rnoted  '.o  Brigadier-general  of  cavalry.  j     ant-colonel. 

Robertson,  F.  H~,  assigned  from  battalion  re-  j  Hamilton.  James,  assigned  to  duty  in  1861. 

Adjutants. 

Searcy,  J.  T.,  assigned  to  duty  as  Adjutant  with  I  Lea, . 

Maj.  Robertson,  April  13,  1865. 

Captains. 

Scott,  W.  L.  (Tenn.);  commanded  the  battal- 
ion ;  relieved  by  Mnj.  Robertson. 

White,  B.  F.  (Tenn.).  Captain  of  a  battery  or- 
ganized from  Wharton's  cavalry  brigade; 
commanded  the  battalion;  retired  by  the 
Medical  Board  inlSGl. 

Wiggins,  J.  H. 

Roberts,  . 


Freeman, (Tenn.),  commanded  a  battery; 

was  killed  in  a  charge  made  by  Mclntyre's 

regiment  on  Forrest's  cavalry. 
Ferrel,  C.  B.  (Tenn.,',  captured  and  in  prison 

up  to  Robertson's  promotion. 
Huvvald, (Term.),  captured  and  in  prison 

up  to  Rob&rtson's  promotion. 
Huggins, . 


First  Lieutenants. 
Pee,  Arthur  (Texas),  Captain  of  White's  bat-  j  Blake,  T.  A. 

tery ;  promoted  to  Captain  when  B.  F.  White  j  Tulasky, (Po'ander). 

was  retired  in  1864.  {  Callaway,  J.  W. 

Hoggins,  A.  L,  promoted  vice  Freeman,  k.  in  j  Ashe,  S.  S. 


battle. 


Turner, ,  k.  near  Atlanta. 


Whittington,  - — 

Lea, 

Ellis  T.  M. 


Second  Lieutenants. 

Baker,  P.  C. 
Martin,  William. 


Memoranda  from  Ger, 

Artillery  from  Tennessee 

Appeal  Battery. 
Cap*..  W.  N.  Hogg,  September,  1863. 
Lieut,  C.  C.  Scott. 

Bankhead's  Battery. 
,  Capt  Smith  P.  Bankhead,  May  31,  October, 

1862. 
Lieur.  Robert  Cherry,  May  31,  October,  1862. 
Lieut.  P.  F.  Flowers,  .May  31,  October,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  R.  Flournoy,  May  31,  October, 

1862    • 
Second  Lieut.  U.  T.Johnston,  May  31,  October, 

1862. 
Lieut.  P.  F.  Flournoy. 
Capt.  Y\*m.  N  Reeves,  April,  1862. 
Lieut.  J.  D.  McLennan.  April,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  A.  J.  Locke,  April.  18(52. 
Second  Lieut.  James  Lang.  Captain  April,  1862.  j 
Second  Lieuc  W.  F.  Johnson,  May  31,  1862. 

Barry's  Battery.  Lookout  Artillery:. 
Capt.  Robert  L.  Barry,  April,  May,  IS62. 
Lieut.  R.  L.  Watkins.  April,  May,  1802. 
Lieur.  James  Lauderdale,  April,  May,  1362. 


Marcus  J.  Wright. 

ik  the  Confederate  Army. 

Second  Lieut.  John  M.  Armstrong,  April,  May, 

1S62. 
Second  Lieut.  JohnS.  Springfield,  April,  May. 
1862. 

Belmont  Battery. 
Capt.  J.  G.  Anglade. 

Brown's  Horse  Artillery. 
Capt.  W.  R.  Marshall. 

BuRROiGBs's  Battery  (Rhett's). 
Capt.  Wm.  H.  Burroughs. 
Lieut.  John  J  Burroughs. 
Lieut.  John  E.  Blacknell,  August,  1864. 

Carnes's  Battery. 
Army  of  Tennessee,  Nov.  15, 1863. 
Capt.  Wm.  W.  Carries,  Aug.  31,  Dec.  1, 1862. 
Lieut.  L.  r,.  Marshall,  Aug.  31,  Deo.  1,  1862. 
Lieut.  Lewis  Bond.  Aug.  31,  Dec.  I,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  James  M.  Cocknll,  Aug.  31,  Dee. 

1,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  A.  Vanvleck,  Aug.  31,  Deo.  1, 1862. 

Cumberland  Artillery. 


liEGIAIESTAL  HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  ROLLS.  S77 


DlSMlKES'S  BATTERY. 

C:ipt.  Paul  T.  Diemukes,  Dee.  31, 1862. 
Lieut.  Robt.  H.  Howell,  Dee.  :;l,  1*G2. 
Lieut.  M.  L.  Smith,  Dee.  31,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  Stephen  M.  Corbiit,  Dee.  31, 1802. 

Ell-ridge's  Battery. 
Cr.pt.  J.  W.  Eldridge,  Dee.  1.  1862. 
Lieut.  Eldridge  E.  Wright,  Captain  Dec.  28, 

1SG2. 
Lieut.  J.  W.  Mebane,  Captain  Dec.  1,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  Robert  Gates,  Dee.  1,  1SC2. 
Lieut.  Thos.  M.  Jones,  Dee.  I,  1862. 

Hamilton's   Battery. 
Capt.  James  Hamilton. 
Lieut.  B.  W.  L.  Holt. 

Helena  Artillery. 
Army  of  Tennessee,  March  15,  1803. 
Capt.  J.  JI.  Calvert. 
Lieut.  Thos.  J.  Key. 

Horse  Artillery. 
Capt.  Sam  L.  Freeman. 
Lieut.  A.  L.  Huggins,  Captain  June,  1864. 

Hoxton's   Battery. 
Capt.  L.  Hoxton. 

Lieut.  Thos.  F.  Tobin,  Captain  July,  1862. 
Lieut.  J.  Rhett  Miles. 

Huwald's  Battery. 
Wheeler's  Cavalry  Corps,  November.  1863. 
Capt.  Gustave  A.  Huwald,  January,  1862. 
Lieut.  D.  Breck  Ramsay,  January,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  U.  D.  Martin,  January,  18G2. 
Lieut.  Chas.  E.  Lenerick. 
Lieut.  J.  A.  Turner. 

Jackson's  Battery. 
Capt.  W.  H.  Jackson,  Aug.  17,  1861. 
Lieut.  Ross  Sterling,  Aug.  17,  1SG1. 
Lieut.  L.  G.  Marshall,  Aug.  17,  1861. 
Lieut.  W.  W.  Carnes,  Aug.  17, 1861. 
Second  Lieut.  W.  C.  Jones,  Aug.  17,  1SG1. 
Second  Lieut.  Robert  Wil-on,  Aug.  17,  1861. 
Second  Lieut.  H.  J.  Gaston,  Aug.  17,  1601. 

Rain's  Battery  (Mabrey  Artillery). 
Capt.  Wi  C.  Kain,  June  3<>,  18G2. 
Lieut.  Thos.  O'Conner,  June  30, 1862. 
Lieut.  Hugh  White,  June  30,  1862. 
Second  Lieu'..  Jas.  W.  Newman,  June  30,  1862. 

LooKOt'T  Artillery. 
Capt.  Robt.  L.  Barry.  A  p.  May,  1862. 
Lieut.  R.  L.  Watkins.  Ap.  May,  1862. 
Lieut.  James  Lauderdale.  A  p.  May,  1861 
Second  Lieut.  John  M.  Armstrong,  Ap.  May, 
1862. 


Second  Lieut.  John  S.  Spriugfibld,   Ap.  M  >y, 
186J. 

Manet's  Battery. 
Co.  A, Twenty- fourth  BattalionSharp-shooters. 

Afterward  H.  M.  McAdoo's. 
Capt.  Frank  Maney,  September,  1861. 
Lieut.  II.  M.  McAdoo,  September,  1861. 
Second  Lieut.  T.  M.  Forsee,  September,  ]~<  \. 
Second    Lieut.    R.    MeAuley,  jr.,   September, 
I      1861. 

Maury's  Artillery. 

Capt.  Robert  P.  Griffith,  1S61. 
Capt.  R.  R.  Ross. 
Lieut.  J.  M.  Dockery. 
Lieut. Fitzgerald,  1862. 

McAJBOO's  Littery. 
H.  M.  MteAdoo's  at  one  time. 
Capt.  J.  M.  McAdoo,  Aug.  SI,  180:;. 
Lieut.  A.  W.  Harris  Aug,  31,  1863. 
Second  Lieut.  Lewis  H.iiley.  Aug.  31,  1863. 

McCxcxg's   Battery. 
Capt.  Hugh  L.  W.  McCiung,  Nov.  29,  1861. 
Lieut.  E.  L.  McCiung,  Nov.  29,  1861. 
Lieut.  Alex.  P.  Allison,  Nov.  29,  liGl. 
Second  Lieut.  W.  H.  Lewis,  Nov.  20,  18<  !. 
Second   Lieut.  Daniel   G.    Jackson,    Nov.    29, 

186!. 
Second  Lieut.  A.  S.  Pearcy,  commanding  April 

30,  JS62. 

Mebane's  Battery. 

Capt.  J.  W.  Mebane,  October,  1SG3. 
Lieut.  J.  W.  Phillip*,  October,  1863. 
Second  Lieut.  J.  C.  Grant,  October,  1868. 
Second  Lieut.  Luke  E.  Wright. 

Morton's  Battery. 
Capt.  J.  W.  Morton. 
Lieut.  G.  T.  Brown. 
Lieut.  Joseph  M.  Mayson. 
Lieut.  T.  S.  Sale. 

Nelson  Artillery. 
Capt.  J.  G.  Anglade,  January.  L862. 
Capt.  Janus  A.  Fisher,  August.  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  Thos.  L.  Bransford. 
Second  Lieut.  B.  F.  Nichol. 
First  Lieut.  James  J.  McDaniel. 

Pillow's  Flyino  Artillery. 
Capt.  \Vm.  Miller,  April,  1862. 

Rice's  Battery. 
Capt.  T.  W.  Rice,  1861. 
Lieut.  B.  F.  Haller. 

Scott's  Battery. 
i  Capt.  W.  L.  Scott,  December,  1862; 
|  Lieut.  Wm.  M.  Polk.  December,  1862, 
I  Lieut.  G.  H.  Marsh,  December,  :-  1 
[Second  Lieut.  A.  T.  Watson,  December,  18  '2. 


878 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Second  Lieut.  Thos.  Peters,  December,  1862. 
Second    Lieut.    Joseph     Philips,     December. 
136-2. 

SoVTHFEN    GUARDS,    ARTILLERY. 

Capt.  T.  M.Johnston. 

STANKIF.N'm'S   BATTERY. 

Co.  B,  First  Lighi  Artillery. 
Capt.  P.  K.  Stankienry,  December,  1862. 
Lieut.  F.J.  Weller.  December,  1862. 
Lieut.  W.  H.  Bledsoe,  December,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  Oswald  Tilghman,   December, 
1862. 

STEL'EEN   ARTILLERY. 

Capt.  F.  Krone,  Aug.  7.  1881. 

Lieut.  J.  Gengil,  Aug.  7,  1861. 

Lieut.  M.  Maier,  Aug.  7,  1861. 

Lieut.  A.  Shubert,  Aug.  7,  1861. 

Second  Lieut.  Geo.  Schaltzread,  Aug.  7, 1861. 

This  battery  was  in  State  service  under 
Lieut. -col.  Marcus  J.  Wright  at  Randolph, 
Tenn.,  and  at  Fort  Wright,  on  the  Mississippi 
River,  in  May,  1801.  All  the  officers  resigned 
before  it  was  mustered  into  the  Confederate 
service,  and  the  men  disbanded  and  were 
turned  over  to  Capt.  J.  W.  Stewart,  August, 
1861. 


Taylor's  BattebY. 

Capt.  Jes3e  W.  Taylor,  Sept.,  1861. 
Lieut.  W.  0.  Watts,  Feb.,  1802. 
Lieut.  F.  J.  Weller. 

Tobin's  Battery. 
Capt.  Thos.  F.  Tobin. 
Lieut.  Rene  E.  Cortes. 
Lieut.  A.  N.  Kerr. 
Lieut.  J.  Rhett  Miles. 
Lieut.  W.  G.  Peter. 
Lieut.  Isaac  Rosser. 
Lieut.  J.  C.  Welsh. 

Washington  Artillery. 
Capt.  R.W.Bibb. 

Williams's  Battery. 
Capt.  W.  O.  Williams. 
;  Lieut.  J.  J.  McCaffrey,  Aug.,  1861. 

Wilson's  Battet.y. 
!  Capt.  J.  G.  Anglade.  Feb.,  18C2. 

Wright's  Battery  (Mesane's). 
i  Capt.  Eldridge  E.  Wright,  k.  Dec.  28,  1S62. 
j  Lieut.  John  W.  Mebaue  (afterward  Captain), 
i  Lieut.  J.  C.  Grant,  Dec,  1862. 


Artillery  Corps  op  Tennessee. 

List  of  field  officers  and  Captains  in  the  Artillery  Corps  of  Tennessee  appointed  by  His  Ex- 
cellency Governor  Isham  G.  Harris,  and  confirmed  by  the  Legislature  of  Tennessee: 
C'r>!.  John  P.  McCown,  promoted  May  17,  1861. 
Lieut. -col.  Milton  A.  Ilaynes,  3Iay  17,  1861. 
Mat).  Alex.  P.  Stewart,  promoted  May  17,  1861. 

1.  3r.  Capt.  Arthur  M.  Rutledge,  light  battery  (Zollicoffer),  May  17.  1861. 

2.  Capt.  Marshall  T.Polk,  light  battery  (Gen.  Polk),  May  17,  1861. 

3.  Capt.  Wm.  H.  Jackson,  light  battery  (Gen.  Polk),  May  17.  1861. 

4.  Capt.  Andrew  J.tckson,  jr.,  h^avy  battery  (Gen.  Polk),  May  17,  1861. 

5.  Capt.  Smith  P.  Lunkhead,  light  battery  (McCown),  May  17,  1861. 

6.  Capt.  Wm.  Miller,  heavy  battery,  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  June  1,  1861. 

7.  Capt.  Fred  Krone,  disbanded  June  1,  1861. 
•-S.  Capt.  Fred  Warner,  resigned  June  1,  1861. 

Capt.  Robert  Sterling  (vice  Warner),  heavy  battery,  Columbus,  Ky. 

9.  Sr.  Capt.  J.  Hamilton.  June  1,  1861 :  d.  Sept.  l.%  1861. 
Sr.  Capt.  S.  H.  D.  Hamilton.  Sept.  20,  1861 ;  d.  Jan.  1,  1862. 
First.  Lieut.  Thos.  N.  Johnson,  commanding  siege  artillery. 

in.  Capt.  Wm.  Keiter,  June  2d,  1SGI ;  k.  by  explosion  of  "  Lady  Polk,"  Nov.  8,  1861. 
Capt.  W.  Y.  C.  Humes,  heavy  battery.  Columbus,  Ky.,  Nov.  S,  1S61. 

11.  Capt.  Jesse  Taylor,  heavy  battery,  Fort  Henry,  July  IS.  1861. 

12.  Capt.  W.  Crane,  recruiting,  July  IS,  1861. 

13.  Capt.  Thos.  K.  Porter,  light  battery.  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  July  18,  1SG1, 

14.  Capt.  John  P.  Lynch,  light  battery.  Knoxvibe,  July  18,  1861. 

15.  Capt.  John  W.  Stewart,  heavy  battery,  New  Madrid,  Juiy  25,  1861. 

16.  Capt.  Hugh  L.  W.  MeClun,2.  light  battery,  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  July  25,  1861. 

17.  Capt.  Frank  Maney,  light  battery,  Fort  Donelson.  Sept.  17,  1861. 

18.  Oipt.  Wm.  R.  Dunlap,  Sept.  17, 1861;  d.  Oct.  2,  1861. 

Capt.  Geo.  Monsarrat.  light  battery.  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  Oct.  2,  186!, 

10.  Cipt.  A.  P.  Griffith,  light  battery,  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  Sept.  20,  1861. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        S79 


2(1  Capr.  J.  Wesley  Eldridge,  light  battery,  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  Nov.  20,  18GI. 

21.  Capt.  J.  G.  Anglade,  heavy  battery,  Columbus,  Ky.,  Nov.  i\,  lt>Gl. 

2:2.  Capt.  J.  C.  B.  Jones,  heavy  battery,  Columbia,  Ky.,  Nov.  21,  18G1. 

The  above  is  a  correct  copy,  as  far  as  recollected,  of  field  ofncer.s  find  Captains  of  the  corps 
of  Tennessee  Artillery  as.  filed  by  me  iu  my  communication,  on  the  7th  day  of  January,  186:2,  to 
Maj.-gen.  Leonidas  Polk,  to  be  by  him  submitted  to  the  Honorable  Secretary  of  War.  I  sup- 
posed thai  Capts.  Jones  and  Eldridge  belonged  to  the  corps  of  Tennessee' Artillery,  but  of 
this  fact  I  have  not  been  officially  advised  by  Kis  Excellency  the  Governor  of  Tennessee. 
Capt.  A  P.  Griffifh  was  omitted  in  the  original  communication,  but  I  know  he  belongs  to  the 
Tennessee  Corps  cf  Artillery,  and  was  so  appointed  by  His  Excellency  Governor  Is!. am  G. 
Harris,  of  Tennessee,  and  is  now  on  duty  at  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  under  Gen.  Clark,  as  com- 
mander of  a  light  battery.  Milton  A.  Havnes, 
Lieutenant-colonel  Tennessee  Artillery,  Commanding  Corps. 


CORPS  OF  ENGINEERS. 

Mempiits,  Tenn\,  August  5,  1SG1. 

Maj.-gen.  L.  Poik— Sir:  I  herewith  inclose  a  list  of  the  officers  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers 
appointed  in  this  State: 

Maj.  Lower,  is  a  graduate  of  West  Point;  has  good  abilities,  and  was  distinguished  in  his 
class  for  his  proficiency  in  engineering. 

W.  D.  Picl><  t'  anc*  Montgomery  Lynch  were  civil  engineers,  and  have  been  engaged  on  the 
works  above  Memphis. 

Charles  C.  Rogers  is  a  graduate  of  West  Point,  and  is  represented  as  well  qualified  for  his 
position.  __ 

Thos.  L.  Estill  wa3  formerly  a  civil  engineer.    I  know  little  of  his  qualifications. 

J  A.  Havden  is  a  good  topographical  engineer,  and  professes  to  ha\e  made  a  study  of  mil- 
itary engineering. 

J.  C.  Mann  ha*  been  with  me  scarcely  a  day.     I  ara  favorably  impressed  with  him. 

Felix  R.  K.  Smith,  grandson  of  Dr.  Felix  Robertson,  of  Nashville,  has  enjoyed  great  advan- 
tages in  his  education  as  civil  engineer.  He  will  be  found  useful  in  every  department  of  his 
regular  duties. 

Menifee  Huston  will  be  a  useful  assistant. 

Very  truly  your  obedient  servant, 

B.  R.  Johnson,  Colonel  Engineers. 

Officers  of  the  Corps  of  Military  Engineers  appointed  by  Gov.  Isham  G.  Harris  in  the  Pro- 
visional Army  of  Tennessee  Volunteers: 

B.  R.  Johnson.  Colonel:  last  on  duty  at  Fort  Henry,  Tenn.;  residence,  Nashville. 

Achilles  Bovven,  Major:  last  on  duty  with  Gen.  S.  R.  Anderson;  now  awaiting  orders;  ad- 
dress, Nashville,  care  Adjutant-general. 

W.  D.  Pickett,  Captain:  on  duty  at  New  Madrid. 

Montgomery  Lynch,  Captain:  on  duty  at  Fort  Pillow. 

Charles  C.  Rogers,  Captain:  residence,  Pulaski;  not  reported. 

Thomas  L.  Estill.  Captain:  on  duty  at  Fort  Henry. 

J.  A.  Hayden,  Captain:  on  duty  at  Fort  Henry. 

J.  C.  Mann,  Lieutenant:  on  duty  at  Fort  Henry. 

E.  W.  Rucker,  Lieutenant:  on  duty  at  New  Madrid. 

Felix  R.  R.  Smith.  Lieutenant:  on  duty  at  Fort  Henry. 

3Ienifee  Huston,  Lieutenant:  on  duty  at  Fort  Henry. 

B.  R.  JonNsoN,  Colonel  Commanding  Corps  Engineers. 


Special  Corps. 
Adjctant-gene&ai/s  OmrE,  Nashville,  August  23.  1861, 
Lrwis  G.  DeRcsst,  Acting  Aid-de-camp,  .Memphis,  Tenn. 
Sir:  In  reply  to  your  utter  of  the  2tk'n  inst.,  addressed  to  His  Excellency  Governor  Harr;.^. 


880  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


you  will  find  herewith  a  list  of  the  special  corps  comprising  a  portion  of  the  Army  of  Ten- 
nessee, to  wit: 

Ordnance. 

M.  H.  Wright,  Senior  C:.p tain.  Nashville. 

G.  H.  Monsarrat,  Captain,  Nashville. 

Nathaniel  R.  Chumbly,  Captain,  Nashville. 

Win.  Richardson  Hunt,  Captain,  .Memphis. 

C.  P.  Langsiack,  Lieutenant,  nor  on  duty  anywhere. 

George  Grader,  Lieutenant,  Memphis. 

A.  Wadgvman,  Ordnance  Ensign,  Nashville. 

ENGi:sL::;r.  Coups. 

Col.  B.  K.  Johnson,  Fort  Henry;  at  present  on  leave  of  absence  at  Richmond,  Va. 

Maj.  Achilles  Bowen,  recently  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  ZoUicoli'or  at  Knoxviile. 

W.  1).  Pickett,  Senior  Captain,  at  Randolph.  Capt.  Pickett  has  tlie  only  company  of  sappers 
and  miners  in  the  State.  He  is  on  duty  in  that  service,  but  has  the  appointment  as  above  in 
the  Engineer  Corps. 

Capt.  Montgomery  Lynch  is  on  duty  in  the  western  division  of  the  State,  perhaps  at  Ran- 
doiph. 

(-•apt.  Charles  C.  Rogers  has  never  been  on  duty,  and  perhaps  will  not  accept  the  appoint- 
ment. 

Capt.  Thomas  L.  Estill,  at  Fort  Henry. 

Capt.  J.  A.  H.tyden,  at  Fort  Henry. 

Lieu;.  J.  C.  Mann,  at  Fort  Henry. 

Lieut.  E.  L>.  Backer,  at  Randolph. 

Lieut.  Felix  C.  R.  Smith,  at  Fort  Henry. 

Lieut.  Menifee  Huston,  at  Fort  Henry. 

Lieut.  W.  F.  Foster,  recently  appointed;  not  assigned  to  any  duty  yet,  but  will  be  upon  his 
return  assigned  to  duty  with  M;j.  Bowen.  , 

The  appointments  are  furnished  in  their  order. 

Very  respectfully,  James  W.  McHenry,  Adjutant-general. 


OFFICIAL  ROLL  OF  HONOR. 

No.  27.— An  Act  to  authorize  the  grant  of   Medals  and  Badges  of  Distinction  as  a  reward  for 
Courage  and  Good  Conduct  on  the  Field  of  Battle. 

2>ie  Cbhgress  of  the  Confederate  Sfafc-i  of  America,  do  enact,  That  the  President  be  and  he  is 
hereby  authorized  to  bestow  medals,  with  nroper  devices,  upon  such  officers  of  the  armies 
of  the  Confederate  States  as  shall  be  conspicuous  for  courage  and  good  conduct  on  the  field 
of  battle,  and  also  to  confer  a  badge  of  distinction  upon  oue  private  or  non-commissioned  of- 
ficer of  each  company  after  every  signal  victory  it  shall  have  assisted  to  achieve.  The  non- 
commissioned officers  and. privates  of  the  company  who  may  be  present  in  the  first  dress-pa- 
rade thereafter  may  choose,  by  a  majority  of  their  votes,  the  soldier  best  entitle  1  to  receive 
such  distinction,  whose  name  shall  be  communicated  to  the  President  by  commanding  offi- 
cers of  the  company;  and  if  the  award  fall  upon  a  deceased  soldier. the  badge  thus  awarded 
him  shaB  be  delivered  to  his  widow;  or,  if  there  be  no  widow,  to  any  relation  the  President 
may  adjudge  entitled  to  receive  it. 

[Approved  October  13,  1862.] 

Adjutant  and  Inspector  Geseeai/s  Office,  Richmond,  Oct.  3,  1S63. 
General  Orders.  JS'o.  1X1. 

Difficulties  in  procuring  the  medals  and  badges  of  distinction  having  delayed  their  pr~--  n- 
tation  ny  the  President,  as  authorized  by  the  net  of  Congress  approved  October 33,  1SG2,  to  the 
officers,  non-commHsicred  dfficers,  and  privates  of  the  armies  cf  the  Confederate  States, 
conspicuous  for  courage  and  good  conduct  on  the  field  of  battle— 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


To  avoid  postponing  the  grateful  recognition  of  their  valor  until  it  can  be  made  in  Elie 
during  form  provided  by  that  act,  it  is  ordered: 

I.  That  ihe  names  of  all  those  who  have  been  or  may  hereafter  be  reported  as  worthy  < 
this  distinction,  be  inscribed  on  a 

Roll  of  Honor, 
to  be  preserved  in  the  office  of  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General  for  rcferenop.  in  all  futui 
time,  for  those  who  have  deserved  well  of  their  country,  as  having  best  displayed  their  c< 
age  and  devotion  on  the  tit-Id  of  little. 

II.  That  the  Roll  of  Honor,  so  fur  as  now  made  up,  be  appended  to  this  ord<  r,  and  re    J 
the  head  of  every  re^im^nt  in  the  service  of  the  Confederate  States,  at  the  first  dress-para  i 
after  its  receipt,  and  be  published  in  at  least  one  newspaper  in  each  State. 

Iff.  The  attention  of  the  officers  in  charge  is  directed  to  General  Orders,  No.  93,  Sec:: 
No.  27,  of  the  series  of  16C2,  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  office,  for  the  mode  of  .--  It 
the  nou-cornniissioned  officers  and  privates  entitled  to  this  distinction,  and  us  cXccu..^  . 
enjoined. 


Second  Regiment  of  Infantry: 
Color  Serjeant  John  C.  Ferris. 


Fourth  Regiment  of  Infantry 

Sergeant  J.  B.  Wendall,  Co.  D. 

Corpora!  M.  R.  Brown,  Co.  C. 

Private  R.  L.  Mathews,  Co.  E. 

Private  G.  M.  "Whitson,  Co.  G. 

Sergeant  J.  F.  Seay,  Co.  H. 

Private  R.  W.  Mullins,  Co.  I. 
Fifth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 

Sergeant  J.  P.  Hardcastie,  Co.  A. 

Second  Lieutenant  Z.  B.  Hamrii  k,  Co.  B. 

Color  Sergeant  \V".  Davis,  Co.  C. 

First  Lieutenant  W.  C.  Grtssom,  Co.  C 

Captain  R.  B.  Roberts,  Co.  p. 

Second  Lieutenant  W.  B.  Masey,  Co.  E. 

First  Lieutenant  J.  B.  Blair,  Co.  G. 

Sergeant  J.  Swan,  Co.G. 

Second  Lieutenant  S.  R.  Richards,  Co.  H. 

Second  Lieutenant  W.  H.  Ballard,  Co.  L. 

Corporal  W.  F.  Diggs,  Co.  A. 

Second  Sergeant  J.  A.  Aguilar,  Co.  B. 

Sergeant  L.  P.  Holland.  Co.  C. 

Private  W.  D.  Ballard,  Co.  D. 

Corporal  W.  A.  Thompson,  Co.  E. 

Private  J.  J.  Hagler,  Co.  F. 

Private  D.  C.  Baueum.  Co.G. 

Private  W.  C.  Ma! in,  Co.  H* 

Private  G.  W.  Costen.  Co.  I* 

Corporal  J.  B.  Johnson,  Co.  K. 
Eighth  fteaiment  of  Infantry: 

Private  P.  T.  Purkins,  Co.  A .* 

Private  R.  E.  Colston,  Co.  B .* 

Sergeant  J.  M.  Jones,  Co.  C. 

Sergeant  W.  J.  Armstrong,  Co 

Sergeant  Willie  Simmons.  Co 

?\T?t  Sera^ant  E.  B.  Little.  Co.  F 

Private  R.  H.  Gaines  Co.  G.* 


BATTLE  OF  MURFREESBORO. 

TENNESSEE. 

Private  T.  G.  Hall,  Co.  II. 

Sergeant  J.  T.  Luna,  Co.  I. 

Sergeant-major  W.  H.  Ilolman,  Co.  K. 
Seventeenth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 

Colonel  A.  S.  Marks. 

Lieutenant-colonel  W.  W.  Floyd. 

Adjutant  James  Fitzpatrick. 

Captain  F.  B.  Terry,  Co.  A. 

First  Lieutenant  G.  W.  Corn.  Co.  P. 

First  Lieutenant  H.  M.  Kimsey,  Co.  P. 

Second  Lieutenant  M.  \V.  Black.  Co.  E. 

Corporal  John  N.  Lowery,  Co.  A,* 

Sergeant  P.  L.  Shaffher,  Co.  B. 

Sergeant  W.  T.  Jones,  Co.  C. 

Sergeant  Robert  Rollins,  Co.  D. 

Private  J.  D.  Martin,  Co.  E. 

Private  John  L.  Conley,  Co.  F. 

Private  J.  H.  Gober,  Co.  G. 

Private  M.  T.  Liggett,  Co.  H.* 

Private  T.  C.  Mitchell,  Co.  K. 

Co.  I  declined  making  a  selection. 
Nineteenth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 

First  Sergeant  Joseph  Thompson,  C?.  I. 

First  Sergeant  Amos  C.  Smith,  Co.  B. 

Sergeant  Geo.  In.  Richardson,  Co.  K. 

The  other  companies  declined  making  s.<e. 
lections. 

Twenty-third  Regiment  of  Irfuitry: 

Lieutenant  colonel  R.  H.  Ket-ble. 

Captain  W.  II.  Hunter,  Co.  G. 

Captain  N.  R.  Ailen,  Co.  E. 

Private  W.  G.  Haynie,  Co.  A. 
*  Private  VY.  J.  Pennington.  Co.  B. 

First  Sergeant  J.  N.  Hc!t,  Co.  P. 

Private  H   C.  Ilaynes.  Co.  E * 

Private  S.  M.  Foster.  Co.  C. 

Private  Jasper  M.  Harris.  Co.  F.* 

First  Sergeant  Wm.  K.  Kelly.  Co.  G. 


P.* 
E.* 


882 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Corporal  G.  W.  Jeruyan,  Co.  II. 
Twenty-fourth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 
Private  R.  H.  Jcraes,  Co.  A. 
Private  Willis  A.  Jones,  Co.  B. 
Private  J.  M.  D.  Sullivan,  Co.  C. 
Sergeant  W.  II.  H.  Lofun,  Co.  D. 
Private  Wm.  Jordan,  Co.  E. 
Color  Bearer  Cufchoert  Remit,  Co.  F. 
Sergeant  G.  W.  Anderson,  Co.  G. 
Private  Allen  W.  Williams,  Co.  H. 
Private  R.  A.  Dean.  Co.  1. 
Private  Andrew  J.  Power?,  Co.  K. 

Twenty -fifth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 
This  regiment  declined  making  any  selec- 
tions. 

Twenty-sixth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 
Private  James  be atherage,  Co.  A.* 
Private  John  K.  Edmund*.  Co.  B. 
Private  Wm.  T.  Williams,  Co.  C* 
Private  Wesley  Collins,  Co.  D. 
Private  William  Rice,  Co.  E. 
Private  William  Wright,  Co.  H. 
Private  A.  M.  Branson,  Co.  F. 
Private  Washington  Fuller,  Co.  I. 
Private  John  Alfred,  Co.  K. 

Twenty-eighth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 
Captain  Franklin  Fowler,  Co.  I. 
First  Lieutenant  James  M.  Lowe,  Co  B. 
Private  Elijah  W.  Greer,  Co.  A. 
Private  Thomas  W.  Patcon,  Co.  B. 
Private  Lafayette  Chilton,  Co.  C. 
Private  James  A.  Rash,  Co.  G. 
Color  Bearer  Houston  B.  Graves,  Co.  F. 
Corporal  John  F.  Moore,  Co.  G. 
Private  Pinkaey  Craighead.  Co.  H. 
Sergeant  Claiborne  D.  Griffith,  Co.  I. 
First  Sergeant.  J.  R.  Pirtle,  Co.  K. 

Thirty-third  Re.chnent  of  Infantry: 
Corporal  J.  W.  Mosier,  Co.  A. 
Private  T.  E.  Mercer,  Co.  B. 
Sergeant  J.  C.  Stubblefie!d,Co.  C. 

By  order: 

fi^TThe  asterisks  designate  those  killed  in 


Private  W.  J.  McLaniel,  Co.  I>. 

Private  E.  M.  Arnold,  Co.  E. 

Sergeant  George  Parhorn.  Co.  F* 

Private  W.  R.  Gauntieu,  Co.  G. 

Private  J.  L.  Mizel!,  Co.  H** 

Sergeant  J.  E.  Hays,  Co.  1.* 

Private  J.  D.  Hill,  Co.  K. 
Thirty-seventh  Regiment  of  Infantry: 

Ma^r  J.  T.  Mc  Reynolds. 
Forty-fourth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 

Colonel  John  S.  Fulton. 

Lieutenant-colonel  J.  L.  McEwin. 

Major  H.  C.  Ewin. 

Captain  Samuel  Jackson,  Co.  I. 

Private  James  D.  Stone,  Co.  B. 

Private  J  Q,  Hefrlin,  Co.  C* 

Corpora!  John  W.  Gill,  Co.  F> 

Corpora!  J.  P.  Crenshaw,  Co.  II. 

Corporal  Isaac  Berry,  Co.  I. 

Private  J.  M.  Sellers,  Co.  K. 
Forty-fifth  Regiment  of  Infantry: 

Private  A.  W.  Loftin,  Co.  A. 

Private  J.  H.  Henderson,  Co.  B. 

Private  J.  E.  Watkms,  Co.  C* 

Corporal  P.  C.  F.  Miller,  Co.  D. 

Private  James  Flowers,  Co.  E* 

First  Sergeant  L.  P.  Cau  thorn,  Co.  F.°. 

Private  A-.  T.  Lanvm,  Co.  G.* 

Corporal  B.  A.  Baird,  Co.  H. 

Sergeant  Hugh  Hope,  Co.  I. 

Private  John  W.  Williams,  Co.  K. 
Dardens  Battery: 

This  company  declined  to  select. 
Steven  Artillery: 

Private  James  L.  Gibbs.* 
Jefferson  Artillery : 

Captain  P.  Darden. 

Major  R.  B.  Snowden,  Assistant  Adjutant, 
general. 

Captain  Douglas's  Battery: 
Corporal  W.  L.  Waits. 

S.  Coopee,  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General. 


ADDENDA. 

THE  FIRST  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  Liect.-col.  Jas.  H.  Lewis,  Lewisbcrg,  Ten:;. 

In  May,  1SG1,  under  a  call  made  by  Hon.  Ishani  G.  Harris,  Governor  of  the 
State,  for  volunteers  for  service  in  the  army  fur  the  defense  of  the  State  of  Ten- 
nessee, the  number  of  men  necessary  for  a  battalion  of  cavalry  were  enlisted, 
there  being  at  that  time  no  cavalry  command  as  large  as  a  regiment  accepted  in 
the  service.  Of  this  number  three  companies  were  from  Maury  county,  one  from 
Wayne  county,  and  one  from  Perry  county.  The  battalion  was  organized  at  Camp 
Lee,  two  miles  south  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Maury  county:  Company  A,  Capt.  J.  B. 
Hamilton;  Company  B,  Capt.  Andrew  J.  Polk;  Compauy  C,Capt.  Geo.  M.  Y.  Kin- 
zer — ail  from  Maury  county;  Company  E,  Capt.  X.  X.  Cox,  Perry  county;  Com- 
pany P,  Capt.  J.  B.  Birfle,  Wayne  county.  In  June,  1861,  the  battalion  organ- 
ized by  the  election  of  Samuel  Jones,  Lieutenant-colonel ;  N.  N.  Cox,  Major;  Win. 
Arnell,  Adjutant;  Dr.  J.  M.  Towler,  Surgeon;  and  other  officers  necessary  to 
complete  the  organization. 

The  command  was  accepted  by  Governor  Harris  in  the  service  of  the  State,  and 
numbered  the  Second  Battalion,  McXairy's  being  the  First  Battalion — not  that  its 
men  enlisted  first,  but  because  it  organized  one  day  earlier  than  ours,  and  was  in 
camp  near  the  city  of  Nashville.  The  Second  Battalion  remained  in  camp  near 
Mt.  Pleasant  until  about  the  last  of  July,  1861,  when  it  marched,  under  orders,  by 
the  way  of  Nashville,  to  Camp  Trousdale,  on  the  Louisville  and  Nashville  railroad, 
near  the  line  between  the  States  of  Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  and  was  assigned  to 
the  command  of  Col.  John  C.  Brown,  of  the  Third  Tennessee  Infantry,  command- 
ant of  the  post  as  senior  Colonel.  About  the  last  of  August  all  the  troops  at  that 
point  were  transferred  frorn  the  State  service  to  that  of  the  Confederacy. 

On  the  17th  of  September,  1861,  the  railroad  was  repaired;  after  which  the 
battalion  marched  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  with  Capt.  Woodward's  independent 
company  of  cavalry.  Brown's  brigade  of  infantry  going  on  the  cars.  These  were 
the  first  troops  at  Bowling  Green,  and  constituted  the  advance  of  Maj.-gen.  Buek- 
ner's  division.  Two  detachments  of  fifty  men  each  were  made  from  the  battal- 
ion, the  one  sent  forward  to  Munfordsville,  near  the  crossing  of  the  Louisville 
and  Nashville  railroad  at  Green  River,  under  command  ot'  Lieut.  Jas.  II.  Lewis; 
the  other,  under  command  of  Capt.  J.  B.  Biffle,  sent  to  the  vicinity  of  Hopkins- 
ville,  Ky.,  to  look  after  Federal  troops,  and  especially  what  were  then  called 
"Home  Guards"  in  the  State  of  Kentucky  on  the  Federal  aide  of  the  struggle. 
The  Biffle  detachment  met  the  enemy  near  Ifopkinsville  in  one  or  two  ei  _ 
ments.  Geo.  W.  Barliam,  private  of  Company  E,  from  Perry  county,  was  killed, 
and  young  Montague,  of  Company  D,  Wayne  county,  was  shot,  the  ball  passing 

(S83) 


884  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


through  his  lungs.  Barham  was  the  first  man  killed  in  the  army  then  commanded 
by  Buckner — afterward  by  Gen.  Albert  Sidney  Johnston.  At  least  it  was  so  un- 
derstood at  the  time.  The  other  detachment  was  on  outpost  duty  and  doing  scout- 
ing service  under  the  order  of  Col.  Roger  Hanson,  Second  Kentucky  Confederate 
Infantry.  The  service  was  arduous  and  dangerous  owing  to  the  divided  condition 
of  the  people  in  that  part  of  Kentucky.  The  lamented  John  II.  Morgan  came  to 
Woodsonville,  which  is  on  the  south  side  of  Green  River,  just  opposite  Munibrds- 
ville,  with  a  number  of  men  organized  into  a  company  from  Lexington,  Ky.,  and 
its  vicinity;  among  the  number  Basil  W.  Duke,  afterward  Brigadier-general  of 
cavalry,  whose  gallant  and  meritorious  service  is  well  known. 

About  the  7th  of  October,  1861,  a  detachment  of  fifteen  men  from  the  fifty  re- 
ferred to  above,  with  about  an  equal  number  of  Morgan's  command,  had  a  skir- 
mish with  an  Indiana  regiment  of  Federal  infantry.  Morgan  and  the  writer  of 
this  sketch  were  present.  It  was  the  first  time  either  command  was  under  fire 
during  the  war.  The  affair  occurred  about  one  mile  south  of  L'pton's  Station,  on 
the  Louisville  and  Nashville  railroad,  and  on  the  old  Louisville  and  Nashville 
turnpike,  and  was  with  a  part  of  what  was  then  Gen.  Rousseau's  command,  Fed- 
eral army.  Soon  after  this  the  remainder  of  the  battalion  moved  up  to  the  front. 
In  the  meantime  Lieut.-col.  Jones  had  resigned,  and  Maj.  X.  X.  Cox  commanded 
the  battalion.  Various  detachments  were  engaged  with  the  enemy  on  the  front 
from  time  to  time.  The  winter  was  exceedingly  cold,  and  the  command  suffered 
greatly,  and  incurred  heavy  losses  in  the  service  and  from  sickness.  It  was  the 
first  winter  of  the  great  civil  war.  In  December  Capt.  J.  B.  Bifile  was  elected 
Lieutenant-colonel  of  the  battalion  at  Rocky  Hill  Station,  Ky.  The  command 
was  engaged  with  the  enemy  on  several  occasions;  among  others,  at  Greensboro, 
Mammoth  Cave,  Bear  Wallow,  and  Brownsville — a  part  of  the  time  connected 
with  Gen.  Hindman's  command.  It  brought  up  the  rear  of  the  army  to  Bowling 
Green,  and  from  that  place  to  Nashville;  crossed  the  Cumberland  River  on  the 
railroad  bridge  the  day  after  the  last  day's  fight  at  Fort  Donelson.  The  wire 
bridge  had  been  cut  down.  From  Nashville  the  command  moved  in  the  direc- 
tion of  Murfreesboro  for  a  few  miles,  then  across  the  country  to  Columbia,  Tenn., 
bringing  up  the  rear  of  Gen.  Johnston's  army  to  Decatur,  Ala.;  thence  by  Iuka 
and  Burnsville  to  Corinth,  Miss.  It  participated  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and 
remained  on  part  of  the  battle-field  until  the  Thursday  evening  following  the 
Monday  of  the  last  day's  battle.  Our  line  extended  for  about  one  and  one-half 
mile  across  the  battle-field,  and  between  what  was  known  as  the  general  hospital 
and  the  Federal  army.  It  has  been  repeatedly  stated,  on  what  purports  to  be 
high  Federal  authority,  that  our  forces  were  driven  entirely  off*  the  field  on  Mon- 
day by  the  Federals.  This  is  not  true.  The  above  statement  is  correct;  and  our 
outposts  were  not  driven  from  the  field  even  as  late  as  Thursday  evening  after 
the  battle,  but  were  voluntarily  withdrawn  at  that  time.  A  portion  of  the  com- 
mand was  regularly  on  duty  on  the  Monterey  road  during  Halleck's  advance  on 
Corinth  and  up  to  the  time  of  the  evacuation  of  that  place  by  Gen.  Beauregard. 

In  the  summer  of  1S61  the  Eleventh  Tennessee  Battalion  of  Cavalry  was  or- 
ganized at  Camp  "Weakley,  near  Nashville,  Tenn.  It  consisted  of  Company  A. 
from  Giles  county,  Capt.  Jas.  T.  Wheeler;  Company  B,  from  same  county,  Capt. 
Andrew  Gordon;  Company  C,  from  Davidson  county,  Capt.  E.  E.  Buchanan; 
Company  D,  from  same  county,  Capt.  Edward  L.  Endsley;  Company  E,  from 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls. 


same  countv  Capt.  William  Rountree;  Company  F,  from  De  Kalb  and  Smith 
counties,  Capt.  William  Fetich.  This  battalion  was  attached  to  the  brigade  com- 
manded by  Brig.-gen.  Carroll,  of  Gen.  Zollicorler's  command,  with  whom  ir  was 
regularlv  on  duty,  and  retired  with  Johnston's  army  to  Corinth,  Sliss.  It  partici- 
pated in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and  was  on  outpost  and  scout  service  during  all  the 
arduous  campaign  from  Shiloh  to  Corinth.  In  May,  1SC2,  at  Corinth,  Miss.,  these 
two  battalions  were,  by  order  of  Gen.  Beauregard,  thrown  together,  making  the 
command  known  in  the  army  as  the  First  Regiment  Tennessee  Cavalry.  Lieut.-:--  >L 
Riffle  was  elected  Colonel;  Wallace  W.Gordon  assigned  to  duty  as  its  Lieutenant- 
colonel;  William  S.  Hawkins,  Major  of  the  Eleventh  Battalion,  was  assigned  to 
duty  as  Major  of  the  regiment.  Maj.  X.  X.  Cox  resigned,  and  Col.  Gordon  declined 
the  position  assigned  to  him  as  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  resigned  his  commissi' 'U. 

At  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  during  the  night  of  May  '20,  1SC2,  the  command 
was  outside  the  works  on  the  lower  Farmington  road,  under  the  order  of  Brig.- 
gen.  Bead,  Chief  of  Cavalry,  and  in  advance  of  Gen.  Cleburne's  brigade  of  inf;  nt- 
ry.  It  was  left  without  orders  to  move,  and  was  forced  to  cut  its  way  through  the 
enemy's  lines,  they  having  entered  Corinth  in  rear  of  the  command.  A  part  of 
the  regiment  had  been  left  with  Col.  (afterward  Brigadier-general)  Lucius 
Polk's  Arkansas  regiment  of  infantry  at  Tuscumbia  Creek,  with  orders  to  hold 
the  position  to  the  last  extremity,  and,  as  Gen.  Hardee  said,  to  save  the  army 
from  destruction;  lie  expecting  at  the  time  the  command  would  all  be  killed  or 
captured.  The  enemy,  however,  were  beaten  back,  and  the  command  was 
ordered  to  follow  the  army  to  Baldwyn,  which  it  did,  after  forty-eight  hour-' 
exposure  to  the  imminent  peril  at  Tuscumbia  Creek.  The  regiment  assisted  in 
bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  army  to  Baldwyn  and  Tupelo  on  the  Mobile  and 
Ohio  railroad.  At  this  time  the  command  was  reorganized  under  orders  from  the 
Secretary  of  War,  James  T.  Wheeler  being  elected  Colonel;  James  II.  Lewis, 
Lieutenant-colonel;  J.J.Dobbins,  Major;  J.  W.  S.  Frierson,  Adjutant:  S.  Y. 
Caldwell,  Captain  and  Assistant  Quartermaster;  James  E.  Abernathy,  Captain 
and  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence;  Dr.  D.  L.  Dungan,  Surgeon;  Rev.  A.  A. 
Baker,  Chaplain;  James  Alexander,  Sergeant-major;  and  other  officers  necessary 
to  complete  the  regimental  organization.  Tiiis  occurred  in  July,  Is  J2.  When 
Gen.  Bragg  moved  the  army  from  Mississippi  to  Chattanooga  on  the  march  to 
Kentucky,  the  regiment  was  left  under  the  command  of  Maj.-gen.  Price.  Under 
his  orders  it  was  on  the  front  watching  the  movements  of  the  Federal  forces  a: 
Rieuzi  and  Corinth.  In  the  latter  part  of  September,  1S62,  the  regiment  assisted 
in  the  capture  of  a  regiment  of  infantry  at  Burn<ville,  and  also  took  part  in  :!.-• 
battle  of  Iuka,  Miss.,  on  the  line  of  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad,  an  1 
marched  in  advance  of  the  army  from  Ripley,  Miss.,  to  Corinth.  It  was  with 
Gen.  Price's  division  at  the  battle  of  Corinth  on  the  ~>th  and  6th  of  October,  I  ?02; 
Maj.-gen.  Earl  Van  Dorn  being  in  command  of  the  Confederate,  and  (Jen.  Rose- 
crans  of  the  Federal  army.  The  conflict  was  terrific,  being  one  of  the  hardest 
fought  battles  of  the  war  as  to  Place's  division.  The  regiment  brought  up  the 
rear  on  the  road  over  which  the  army  retreated  from  the  field,  ami  took  p-  sition 
a  few  miles  north  of  Holly  Springs  on  outpost  duty. 

When  Gen.  Grant  advanced  with  a  large  army  estimated  at  one  hundred  :h  u- 
sand,  Gen.  V:m  Dorn  retired  before  him.  It  rained  almost  incessantly,  and  ::.e 
roads  were  in  a  terrible  condition.     The  armv  remained  at  Abbeville,  Mis.-.,  on 


8S6  Military  Annals  Of  Tennessee. 


the  Mississippi  Central  railroad,  for  a  Short  time,  during  which  period  Capts.  Asa 
G.  Freeman  and  L.  K.  Hooper  had  a  severe  engagement  with  a  brigade  of  Fed- 
eral cavalry  iu  and  around  the  court-house  at  Holly  Springs.  Previous  to  this 
a  part  vi  the  command  under  Gen.  Armstrong  at  Middleton,  West  Tennes>ee,  en- 
gaged a  large  body  of  Federal  infantry,  driving  them  back  to  Bolivar.  Federal 
loss:  killed,  GO;  prisoners,  71.  Confederate  loss:  killed,  3;  wounded.  7.  Next 
day  Armstrong's  detachment  was  assailed  at  Britton's  Lane  by  infantry  and  artil- 
lery, our  brigade  being  in  the  engagement.  This  was  near  Denmark,  and  after  a 
severe  light  we  drove  the  enemy  from  the  field,  capturing  two  pieces  of  artillery, 
their  wagon-train,  and  one  hundred  and  sixty  prisoners.  The  army  retired  before 
Grant's  overwhelming  forces  to  CofTeeville  and  Grenada,  Miss.  Col.  W.  If.  Jack- 
son, afterward  Maj.-gen.  of  cavalry,  was  Chief  of  Cavalry  of  the  army  during  the 
retrograde  movement.  At  Water  Valley  the  enemy  interposed  a  large  force  of 
cavalry  between  Jackson  and  the  infantry  of  our  army.  They  were  driven  from 
their  position,  Jackson  evincing  all  the  skill  and  gallantry  for  which  lie  was  noted 
as  an  officer  in  the  army.  The  regiment  was  very  poorly  armed,  many  of  the 
men  having  nothing  but  double-barreled  shot-guns,  with  the  ordinary  sporting 
percussion  cap.  The  rain  by  day,  and  the  cold  damp  ground  upon  which  the 
boys  rested  at  night,  rendered  these  guns  almost  useless.  It  was  a  continuous 
skirmish  with  the  advance  of  the  enemy.  In  hundreds  of  instances  the  men 
snapped  their  guns  in  the  very  faces  of  the  Federal-*,  whose  cavalry  were  armed 
with  Spencer  ritles,  perhaps  the  best  arm  for  cavalry  in  the  world.  It  was  facing 
death  with  great  odds  in  favor  of  the  enemy.  One  instance  is  given:  Lieut.  Joe 
II.  Fussell,  of  Company  E,  was  bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  regiment.  He  formed 
his  line  in  the  edge  of  the  woods  just  on  the  outskirts  of  Oxford,  Miss.  The  Fed- 
erals, seeing  our  helpless  condition,  charged  him.  The  gallant  old  company,  with 
its  intrepid  young  commander,  resisted  the  charge  with  clubbed  guns  in  a  hand- 
to-hand  conflict,  and  drove  back  the  enemy.  It  was  a  continuous  right  through 
the  streets  of  Oxford.  Here,  as  in  a  thousand  other  instances  during  the  war, 
the  devotion  and  heroism  of  the  women  of  the  South  were  evinced.  The  bails 
were  flying  like  hail  along  the  streets,  while  a  number  of  the  ladies  of  Oxford 
waved  their  handkerchiefs  and  encouraged  the  boys  in  their  resistance  to  the 
approach  of  the  enemy.  They  came  out  on  the  sidewalk  and  exposed  their  lives. 
They  did  not  seem  to  think  of  their  own  safety.  In  one  instance  a  young  lady 
stood  on  the  pavement,  when  an  officer  rode  up  to  where  she  was  standing  and 
said  to  her  that  she  had  better  go  to  a  place  of  safety.  She  said:  "Are  you  men 
not  in  danger?  and  why  should  I  refuse  to  expose  my  life?"  She  wanted  the 
Federals  driven  back,  but  was  told  the  enemy  were  in  overwhelming  force;  that 
we  had  but  a  handful  of  men;  that  our  orders  were  to  fall  back,  covering  the  re- 
treat of  the  army.  The  enemy  was  then  crowding  the  street  within  a  short 
distance  of  where  she  was  standing;  but  she  refused  to  go,  and  stood  waving  her 
handkerchief  to  encourage  our  men,  and  in  defiance  of  the  enemy.  "We  did 
not  learn  her  name,  but  have  oftentimes  thought  of  this  brave,  intrepid  girl. 
She  was  but  a  type  of  thousands  of  other  Southern  women,  equally  brave  and. 
true.  Near  Grenada,  Miss.,  (ten.  Van  Dora  was  relieved  from  command  of 
the  army,  and  was  assigned  command  of  the  cavalry,  Lieut.-gen.  Pemberton 
taking  his  place.  The  regiment  moved  with  Van  Dora's  command  more 
than  one   hundred   miles  on  a  forced  march  to  IIollv  Springs  in   the  rear  of 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls. 


Grant's  army.  Grant  had  collected  a  vast  supply  of  stores  at  this  point,  esti- 
mated to  be  worth  about  three  million  "dollars.  Van  Dorn  had  le->s  than  two 
thousand  men.  On  the  morning  of  December  20,  1862,  he  captured  the  town, 
more  than  twice  the  number  of  the  enemy  than  he  had  men  in  his  .•  •..- 
mand,  ami  destroyed  all  of  the  stores.  The  charge  into  town  was  on  horse- 
back, our  regiment  leading  the  charge  on  the  Pontotoc  road,  ether  command-  i  p. 
other  roads.  The  attack  was  just  at  daylight,  and  was  a  complete  surprise  to  the 
enemy.  This  was  one  of  the  most  brilliant  achievements  of  the  cavalry  during 
the  Avar.  Col.  Wheeler  was  in  command  of  the  brigade.  Lieut.  Joe  II.  Fu.-sell, 
a  member  of  his  staff,  made  an  attack  on  the  picket  with  Company  E.  He  at- 
tacked a  regiment  of  infantry  after  having  captured  the  picket.  Tin's  was  <i.  ne 
in  gallant  style  by  Pussell  and  his  company.  Col.  Wheeler  was  wounded  and 
disabled  from  service  until  the  following  May.  He  rejoined  the  regiment;  was 
wounded  again  in  a  short  time  at  Franklin,  Tenn.;  rejoined  the  command  at  the 
time  Bragg  retreated  from  Middle  Tennessee,  in  July,  1863.  Capt.  J.  II.  Polk  was 
a  prisoner,  and  in  the  winter  of  1863-4  was,  while  a  prisoner  of  war  with  other  Con- 
federates, placed  under  the  fire  of  Confederate  batteries,  at  Charleston,  S.  C,  by  way 
of  retaliation,  as  they  pretended.     This  was  one  of  the  most  crtiel  acts  of  the  war. 

Within  two  days  after  the  affair  at  Holly  Springs,  Gram's  army  was  in  retreat 
from  Mississippi  to  Memphis,  Tenn.  It  was  said  at  the  time  that  the  fight  :;t 
Holly  Springs  broke  up  the  Cabinet's  plan  of  campaign  for  the  capture  of  Jack - 
son  and  Yicksburg,  Miss.  Van  Dorn's  command  moved  back  to  Grenada,  and  in 
a  few  days  marched  from  that  place  by  Okolona,  Miss.,  and  Florence,  Ala.,  to  Co- 
lumbia, Tenn.  From  there,  in  the  latter  part  of  February,  1863,  it  moved  to  the 
front,  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn.  This  was  at  the  time  the  left  of  Gen.  Bra2gs  line 
was  in  Middle  Tennessee. 

The  regiment  was  still  a  part  of  Armstrong's  brigade,  which  consisted  of  the 
Second  Missouri,  Third  Arkansas,  and  First  Tennessee  regiment-.  It  was  on 
outpost  duty  at  Spring  Hill,  participating  in  the  fights  at  Thompson's  Station, 
Brentwood,  and  other  affairs  in  and  around  Franklin;  also  in  the  capture  of  a 
brigade  of  Federal  infantry  at  the  former  and  a  large  regiment  of  infantry  at  the 
latter  place.  The  attack  on  Brentwood  was  a  surprise  to  the  enemy.  The  regi- 
ment captured  a  splendid  set  of  silver  instrument.- — twenty-four  pieces — mo>i  of 
which  were  kept  by  the  regimental  band  during  the  remainder  of  the  war.  We 
were  at  the  time  connected  with  Gen.  X.  B.  Forrest's  command.  In  accordance 
with  his  instructions,  the  regiment  drove  in  the  Federal  pickets  at  Brown's  Creek, 
on  the  Nashville  and  Franklin  turnpike,  in  sight  of  the  city  of  Nashville;  d  in? 
the  same  thing  on  the  Harding  pike,  and  every  road,  including  the  Charlotte  ;••'-'•-*, 
and  between  the  Franklin  turnpike  and  Cumberland  River;  also  capturing  a  num- 
ber of  prisoners.  This  occurred  early  in  March,  1863.  From  the  time  Col. 
Wheeler  was  wounded  at  Holly  Springs,  in  December,  1S62,  up  to  this  ::  . 
Lieut. -col.  Lewis  was  in  command  o(  the  regiment. 

Early  in  May,  1863,  Gen.  Van  Dorn  was  killed  at  Spring  Hill,  Term.,  and  Gen. 
Forrest,  having  returned  from  what  was  known  as  the  Streight  raid,  assumed  ecm- 
mand  of  all  the  cavalry  in  the  vicinity  of  Spring  Hill.  Capt.  J.  II.  Polk's  c  ..- 
pany  was  the  escort  fur  Gen,  Van  Dora  previous  to  his  death,  and  this  regin  nt 
escorted  his  remains  to  the  place  of  burial  in  the  cemetery  at  Columbia,  Tenn. 
Gen.  Van  Dorn  had  his  critics,  but  he  was  undoubtedly  one  of  the  ablest  c   m- 


833  Military  Annals  Of  Tennessee. 


manders  of  cavalry  the  war  produced,  He  was  a  graduate  of  the  Military  Acad- 
emy at  West  Point.  He  had  been  an  officer  in  the  regular  army  before  the  civil 
war,  and  had  greatly  distinguished  himself  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  afterward 
among  the  Indians  on  the  frontier. 

Near  the  last  of  June,  1803,  Forrest  moved  with  Bragg's  army  across  the  mount- 
ains from  Middle  Tennessee.  Under  his  orders,  the  regiment  remained  at  Spring 
J  Till  forty-eight  hours  after  all  other  commands  had  gone.  This  was  for  the  pur- 
pose of  watching  the  turnpike  from  Franklin  to  Columbia,  resisting  any  move- 
ment of  the  enemy  in  that  direction,  and  also  to  secure  the  removal  of  quarter- 
master's stores  from  Columbia  by  way  of  Iluntsville,  Ala.,  across  the  Tennessee 
River,  and  to  keep  Forrest  advised  as  to  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  of  whom 
there  was  a  large  force  at  Franklin.  This  accomplished,  the  regiment  rejoined 
the  division  at  Tullahoma,  after  a  forced  march,  just  as  the  last  of  the  army  was 
leaving  that  place.  It  then  crossed  the  Cumberland  Mountains,  passing  the  site 
of  the  University  of  the  South  at  gewanee,  to  Stevenson,  Ala.,  and  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  army.     This  was  early  in  July,  1SG3. 

After  a  few  days  spent  in  camp,  Gen.  Forrest  moved  his  division,  composed  of 
Armstrong's  and  Dibrell's  brigades,  to  Athens,  Fast  Tennessee.  From  this  place 
the  regiment  was  sent  to  a  point  near  Kingston,  Roane  county,  on  the  Emory 
River,  and  was  engaged  on  scout  and  outpost  duty  on  the  roads  leading  from  Ken- 
tucky into  that  part  of  East  Tennessee  until  the  Federal  General  Burnside  moved 
on  Knoxville.  The  regiment  then  returned  to  the  brigade,  and  moved  back  with 
the  division  in  the  direction  of  Chattanooga.  It  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Chick- 
amauga,  September  19  and  20,  1863.  The  service  was  exceedingly  hard  before 
the  battle.  The  command  was  on  the  left  of  the  army  when  it  began.  Report- 
ing to  Gen.  Wheeler  and  capturing  a  large  number  of  prisoners,  on  the  evening 
of  the  first  day's  battle  it  moved  to  the  right  of  the  army,  reporting  to  Forrest. 
Lieut. -col.  Lewis  commanding.  Late  in  the  evening  it  was  on  the  right  of  Mai.- 
gen.  Cleburne's  division  of  infantry.  An  incident  occurred  here  which  amused 
the  men  very  much.  We  were  near  the  enemy's  line,  and  could  distinctly  hear 
them  working  on  their  intrenchments.  The  ground  in  our  front  was  level.  An 
order  had  been  issued  by  Gen.  Forrest  that  no  fires  should  be  kindled.  This  or- 
der had  not  been  communicated  to  Dr.  Dungan,  regimental  Surgeon,  who,  togeth- 
er with  a.- .-dstants,  had  come  up  just  in  rear  of  the  line  an  hour  or  more  after 
dark.  The  night  was  cool,  and  the  Doctor  concluded  he  would  have  a  fire  made 
to  warm  himself  and  comrades  and  make  a  cup  of  coffee — which,  by  the  way,  had 
been  captured  from  the  Federals.  The  tire  was  soon  in  a  bright  blaze,  which  the 
enemy  saw;  and  they  opened  on  it  with  two  or  three  pieces  of  artillery.  One  of 
the  shells  struck  the  fire,  scattering  it  in  every  direction,  also  the  vessel  contain- 
ing boiling  coffee,  exploded  not  far  away,  and,  as  the  Doctor  said,  "played  havoc 
generally."  Two  or  three  of  the  men  were  hurt  by  living  pieces  of  wood,  but  fort- 
unately no  one  was  seriously  Injured.  The  boys  said  there  was  a  good  deal  of 
"cussin  '"'  d<me,  but  not  another  fire  made  that  night.  The  men  had  their  fun 
for  a  long  while  at  Dr.  Dungan's  expense  about  his  cup  of  coffee.  He  was  a  splen- 
did Surgeon  and  a  general  favorite  with  the  regiment.  He  died  a  few  years  ago 
at  his  home  in  Little  Rock,  Ark. 

The  command  assisted  in  the  pursuit  Oi  Roseerans's  army  to  Chattanooga,  and 
then,  with  the  remainder  of  tiie  division,  marched  back  into  East  Tennessee.     It 


Eegimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Bolls.       889 


encountered  a  large  force  of  cavalry  at  Cleveland,  driving  them  before  it  to  Cj  U 
houn,  Athens,  .Sweet  Water,  and  Philadelphia,  on  the  East  Tennessee  and  Ge  rgia 
railroad.  For  the  most  part  it  was  a  rapid  retreat  of  the  Federals.  The  i  ten 
called  it  "the  horse-races."  A  large  number  of  prisoners,  were  captured.  Arm- 
strong's brigade  was  in  front  the  first  and  Dibrell's  the  second  day. 

Gen.  Forrest  received  orders  to  return  to  Calhoun  and  report  to  Gen.  Wheeler. 
This  he  refused  to  do;  took  his  old  brigade,  then  commanded  by  Dibrell,  and  the 
battery  of  artillery,  and  moved  in  the  direction  of  Chattanooga.  Our  brigade 
marched  to  the  mouth  of  Hiawas.^ce  River,  Col.  Wheeler  in  command.  We  ford- 
ed the  Tennessee  River,  driving  the  enemy  from  the  opposite  bank,  marched  to 
the  Sequatchie  Valley,  and  assisted  in  capturing  an  army  train  of  more  tho/.  one 
thousand  wagons  with  its  convoy  of  fifteen  hundred  men.  The  wagons  were  load- 
ed witli  supplies  for  the  Federal  army,  then  in  almost  a  state  of  siege  at  Chat- 
tanooga.  The  regiment  assisted  in  the  capture  of  the  garrison  of  four  hundred 
men  at  McMinnville,  Tcnn.,  aided  in  destroying  the  railroad  track  and  bridges 
from  Mu  r  frees  bo  ro  to  a  point  east  of  Wartraee,  capturing  and  burning  stockades 
as  we  came  to  them.  We  made  a  forced  march  by  night,  crossing  Duck  River  at 
White's  Bridge,  and  participated  in  the  fight  at  Farmington,  between  Shelby- 
ville  and  Lewisburg,  Tenn.,  bringing  up  the  rear.  Here  Ave  were  relieve  1  by 
the  Eighth  Texas  Regiment.  At  this  point  Co.  E,  Maj.  Dobbins  in  command, 
with  Lieut.  Joe  IF  Fussell,  was  sent  to  Columbia,  Tenn.,  at  which  place  they 
drove  off  the  garrison,  capturing  a  number  of  prisoners,  and  burned  a  large  quail* 
tity  of  Government  stores.  The  other  companies  marched  to  and  forded  the 
Tennessee  River  near  the  mouth  of  Elk  River,  at  Muscle  Shoals. 

From  the  time  the  regiment  came  to  the  mouth  of  the  Iliawassee  River  vre 
were  under  Maj. -gen.  Wheeler's  command.  Gen.  Armstrong  left  us  at  the  Hia- 
wassee.  The  command  of  the  brigade  devolved  on  Col.  Wheeler  as  senior  Colo- 
nel. The  regiment  was  commanded  by  Lieut.-col.  Lewis.  J.  W.  S.  Frierson, 
Adjutant,  acted  on  the  staff  of  the  brigade  part  of  the  time  while  Wheeler  was 
commanding  it.  Henry  Heiss  was  assigned  to  duty  as  Adjutant  of  the  regiment. 
No  truer  man  nor  more  gallant  soldier  enlisted  in  the  army  than  Heiss.  After 
the  war  he  became  connected  with  the  Republican  Banners  editorial  corps;  then 
with  the  St.  Lams  Tm.es;  subsequently  became  managing  editor  of  the  AW«i  ille 
American,  and  afterward  of  the  Ncbskiriite  I'nion.  He  died  a  lew  months  ago4  lament- 
ed by  a  host  of  friends.  He  was  promoted  in  his  company,  and  commanded  it  at  the 
close  of  the  war.  John  I>.  Redman  was  also  made  Adjutant  of  the  regiment.  He 
was  intelligent,  brave,  and  true,  making  a  splendid  soldier. 

The  regiment  encamped  a  few  days  with  Wheeler's  command,  then  marched  by 
the  way  of  Decatur  to  Somerville,  Ala.;  thence  across  the  mountains  of  Ala- 
bama and  Georgia  to  the  army  on  the  line  of  Missionary  Ridge,  Lookout  Mount- 
ain, and  Wills's  Valley,  where  it  remained  until  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ri 
At  this  place  it  is  allowable  to  turn  aside  from  the  narrative  here  recorded  to 
remark  that  a  wonderful  myth  has  been  woven  about  Hooker's  "battle  above  the 
clouds.''  Hooker  and  his  men  may  have  done  some  tough  work  and  good  sweat- 
ing to  climb  the  rough  sid^-s  of  old  Lookout,  but  the  Confederates  bad  I  een 
ordered  away  before  they  arrived,  and  only  some  pickets  or  scouts  wreyje  there 
to  contest  possession.  The  regiment  then  moved  to  Rim.rurold,  on  the  Western 
and  Atlantic  railroad,  and  assisted  in  bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  army  from  that 


890  Militaky  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

place  to  Dalton.  There  it  took  up  its  position  at  Tunnel  Hill,  six  miles  in  ad- 
vance oi  the  army,  which  went  into  wintQiMjuarters  at  Dalton,  Georgia.  This 
was  early  in  December,  1863.  The  regiment  remained  on  outpost  duty  until  the 
spring  of  1864,  the  opposing  pickets  being  in  sight  of  each  other  near  Ringgold. 
It  participated  in  the  battles  of  Resaca,  New  Hope  Church,  Pine  Mountain,  on 
the  line  of  Kennesaw  Mountain,  and  around  Atlanta,  in  all  the  arduous  and  mem- 
orable campaigns  between  Sherman  and  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  in  1SG4.  Dur- 
ing this  struggle  the  regiment,  together  with  other  cavalry  commands,  was  again 
and  again  dismounted  and  took  the  place  of  infantry  in  the  trenches,  holding  the 
position  assigned  them;  the  difference  against  the  cavalry  being  that  the  infantry 
was  generally  in  two  ranks,  shoulder  to  shoulder,  while  the  cavalry  formed  only 
in  one  rank,  and  then  often  with  intervals  of  several  feet  between  the  men.  We 
invariably  whipped  the  enemy's  cavalry  and  then  fought  their  infantry. 

On  the  line  of  New  Hope  Church,  on  the  2Sth  day  of  June,  the  regiment,  to- 
gether with  the  Ninth  Tennessee  Battalion,  held  a  large  portion  of  Howard's 
corps  on  the  right  of  Johnston's  army  in  check  for  more  than  an  hour,  until 
Cleburne's  division  came  to  their  relief.  Prisoners  captured  stated  that  it  was 
their  intention  to  turn  Johnston's  right,  width  certainly  would  have  been  done 
but  for  the  stubborn  defense  made  by  these  two  small  commands.  They  were  evi- 
dently deceived  as  to  our  numbers.  An  hour  later  a  terrific  struggle  ensued.  It 
was  at  this  place,  and  in  front  cf  Cranberry's  brigade  of  infantry,  that  General 
Johnston  said  that  the  enemy's  dead  lay  thicker  on  the  ground  than  on  any  field 
he  had  ever  witnessed.  Only  about  sixty  men  of  the  regiment  were  engaged,  but 
they  suffered  severely,  losing  about  half  that  number  in  killed  and  wounded — 
Lieut.  Stalling  and  Capt.  A.  G.  Freeman  being  wounded,  the  first-named  mortally. 
After  the  army  crossed  the  Chattahooche  River  the  command  occupied  a  position 
on  the  south  bank  of  the  river  and  on  the  left  of  our  army,  guarding  the  various 
crossings  of  the  river,  at  one  time  to  a  point  as  far  west  as  Xewnan,  Ga.,  forty 
miles  from  Atlanta,  at  which  place  there  was  a  large  number  of  sick  and  wounded 
soldiers  in  the  hospital;  also  a  quantity  of  supplies  for  the  army.  The  line  was 
gradually  drawn  back  to  Atlanta.  A  few  days  later  Ave  aided  in  driving  Gen. 
McCook's  cavalry  back  from  the  rear  of  the  army  to  the  north  bank  of  the  Chat- 
tahooche. His  force — estimated  at  about  four  thousand  five  hundred  men — had 
gone  around  on  the  left,  and  had  succeeded  in  destroying  a  number  of  wagons,  cut- 
ting the  Atlanta  and  Macon  railroad,  and  capturing  about  five  hundred  prisoners. 

The  pursuit  of  MeCook  occupied  two  days  and  nights.  It  was  in  the  latter  part 
of  July.  The  weather  was  exceedingly  warm,  but  we  succeeded  in  capturing  one 
thousand  five  hundred  prisoners  from  his  command,  the  recapture  of  the  five  hun- 
dred Confederates,  also  four  pieces  of  artillery  (all  he  had),  and  his  ambulances. 
His  command  was  thoroughly  demoralized,  so  much  so  that  about  eighty  men  of 
the  regiment,  Lieut.-col.  Lewis  commanding,  with  about  an  equal  number  of  the 
Ninth  Tennessee  Battalion  under  Maj.  Aiken — at  a  point  four  miles  west  of  yew- 
nan,  Ga.,  on  the  road  leading  from  that  place  to  La  Grange — succeeded  in  holding 
McCook's  entire  force  at  bay  until  Gen.  AVheeler  canie  up  with  the  body  ot'  his 
command  from  McCook's  rear,  and  interposed  between  MeCook  and  the  river. 
The  woods  at  this  point  were  densely  studded  with  undergrowth.  It  was  a  game 
of  bluff  on  our  part.  The  two  commands  charged  their  advance,  giving  vent  to 
the  yell    peculiar    to   the  Southern  soldiers,  and  drove   them  back  on  the  main 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        891 


force,  keeping  up  a  steady  tire  until  Gen.  Wheeler  came  to  our  relief.  It  was 
then  that  most  of  the  prisoners  were  captured.  The  labor  had  been  exceedingly 
exhausting  to  both  men  and  horses,  which  accounts  for  the  small  number  of  men 
present  from  the  First  and  Ninth  Tennessee. 

Gen.  Wheeler  then  marched  to  Covington,  Ga.,  forty  miles  south  of  Atlanta. 
From  this  place,  on  the  10th  of  August,  the  regiment  moved  with  Gen.  "Wheel- 
er's command  to  the  rear  of  Sherman's  army  to  Dalton,  Ga.,  Cleveland,  A  then-, 
and  around  Knoxville,  fording  the  Tennessee  River  above  the  mouth  of  the  Ihd- 
ston;  thence  across  tlie  mountain.-  to  Sparta,  in  Middle  Tennessee.  From  a  point 
near  Athens,  about  eighty  men  and  officers  from  the  First,  with  about  an  equal 
number  of  the  Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment  Cavalry,  whose  horses  were  in  the  best" 
condition,  made  a  forced  march  by  night  to  a  point  on  the  Tennessee  River,  near 
Decatur,  Meig?  county,  Tennessee,  and  surprised  a  command  of  about  three  hundred 
Federals — a  pare  of  them  negroes — acting  as  guards  for  a  large  number  of  hands 
engaged  in  cutting  logs  in  a  gorge  of  the  mountains  to  ship  down  the  river  to 
Chattanooga.  The  attack  was  made  just  at  day-break,  Col.  AIcKinzer,  of  the 
Fifth  Tennessee,  and  Lieut.-col.  Montgomery  in  command  of  the  Fifth,  and 
Lieut.-col.  Lewis  of  the  First  Tennessee.  It  was  a  complete  surprise.  Oar  boys 
ran  into  camp  with  the  pickets  and  captured  more  than  two  hundred  whit1-  and, 
negro  soldiers,  a  large  number  of  wagons,  harness,  and  mules  belonging  to  the 
Federal  Government.  We  were  so  far  away  from  Gen.  Wheeler's  command,  and 
more  than  two  hundred  miles  in  rear  of  the  Federal  lines,  that  we  were  forced  to 
parole  the  prisoners,  after  destroying  all  the  Government  property  we  could. 
We  also  recaptured  about  fifteen  officers  and  men  of  the  Fifth  Tennessee,  which 
these  men  had  captured  a  few  days  before,  one  of  whom  was  Col.  McKinzer?  son. 
These  were  the  first  negro  soldiers  our  men  had  met  in  the  Federal  uniform  with 
arms  in  their  hands.  It  was  with  great  difficulty  that  the  men  could  be  restrained 
•  from  shooting  them  all,  The  negroes  seemed  crazed  with  fear.  •  They  had  their 
breakfast  in  preparation;  had  large  camp-kettles  full  of  coffee,  plenty  of  bacon 
and  crackers.  The  boys  were  weary  and  worn  from  days  and  nights  on  the  march, 
fighting  the  enemy  continually,  and  with  but  little  to  eat.  They  enjoyed  this 
breakfast  very  much. 

We  overtook  our  brigade  near  Knoxville,  fording  the  Holston  River  a  few 
miles  below  Strawberry  Plains;  thence  to  Sparta  as  before  stated;  from  there  to 
Smithville  and  to  within  a  few  miles  of  Nashville,  across  the  country  to  Franklin, 
tearing  up  the  track  of  the  Nashville  and  Chattanooga  railroad,  destroying  tres- 
tles and  bridges;  also  the  Nashville  and  Decatur  railroad,  cutting  Sherman's  and 
Thomas's  lines  of  communication.  Garrisons  were  at  Nashville  and  every  im- 
portant town  in  the  country  through  wdiich  we  passed.  More  or  less  fighting  oc- 
curred every  day.  In  one  of  the  affairs  near  Franklin  Gen.  Kelly  was  killed. 
We  passed  west  of  Columbia  by  way  of  Lynnville  and  Lawrenceburg,  fording  the 
Tennessee  River  at  Colbert  Shoals,  below  Florence,  Ala.  The  Federals  had  gath- 
ered a  force  of  cavalry  and  mounted  infantry  several  thousand  strong — more  than 
twice  the  number  of  Gen.  Wheelers  command — and  were  pressing  us  closely  but 
cautiously. 

On  the  evening  of  the  day  Wheeler's  command  crossed  over.  Our  regiment 
brought  up  the  rear,  in  the  meantime  skirmishing  with  the  enemy.  The  regi- 
ment was  small — not  more  than  two  hundred,  men  and  officers.     We  were  or- 


89*2  -  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


dered  to  hold  the  enemy  in  check  at  all  hazards  until  dark,  then  ford  the  river 
and  join  the  brigade.  A  guide,  with  a  small  detail  of  men  commanded  by  a 
Lieutenant,  was  to  wait  for  us  at  the  hank  of  the  river.  The  guide  knew  the  ford 
well,  his  home  being  in  the  immediate  neighborhood.  At  dark  we  were  within 
a  mile  of  the  river,  and  could  distinctly  hear  the  water  rushing  over  the  rocks  on 
the  shoals.  The  head  of  the  regiment  reached  the  bank  of  the  river  about  one 
hour  after  dark,  but  no  guide  was  to  be  found.  There  was  starlight,  but  no  moon. 
The  stream  at  this  place  was  about  a  mile  wide,  including  a  small  island  near  the 
center.  It  was  difficult  and  dangerous  to  cross,  but  one  oi  two  things  had  to  be 
done — either  to  attempt  to  ford  the  river,  or  be  killed  or  captured  the  next  morn- 
ing. The  enemy  was  behind  us  thousands  in  number.  We  determined  to  cross 
the  river.  This  was  done  by  placing  two  men,  good  swimmers,  on  strong  horses 
a  few  yards  to  the  right  and  left  of  the  column.  When  they  found  the  water 
deepening  in  one  place  they  turned  to  the  right  or  left,  as  was  necessary,  the  head 
of  the  troops  marching  midway  between  in  column  of  twos.  The  ford  was  very 
tortuous  and  rough.  The  water  rushed  along,  seething  and  foaming  around  us, 
making  it  very  difficult  for  our  horses  to  move  forward.  We  reached  the  opposite 
•bank  just  at  daylight,  having  been  in  the  water  all  night.  The  men  were  wet  to 
the  skin.  In  crossing,  a  few  of  the  horses  fell  down;  others  got  into  swimming- 
water.  Some  of  the  men  lost  their  guns.  At  this  stage  of  the  war  the  men  were 
inured  to  hardships  and  dangers,  but  not  a  few  of  them  swore  they  would  rather 
take  their  chances  in  battle  than  cross  the  river  again  under  such  circumstances. 
It'turned  out  that  the  guide  and  men  with  him  became  alarmed  for  their  safety, 
and  followed  in  the  rear  of  the  brigade,  leaving  us  to  our  fate.  The  next  day 
they  could  not  be  found.  We  were  now  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Tennessee  Kiv- 
er,  and  the  men  enjoyed  a  few  days'  rest.  The  Georgia  campaign  began  on  the 
6th  of  May,  1864.  This  was  about  the  last  of  September,  making  a  campaign  of 
about  one  hundred  and  twenty  days.  It  is  only  the  men  who  participated  in  it 
that  can  appreciate  the  toils  and  dangers  which  they  underwent. 

About  the  1st  of  October  Gen.  Forrest  crossed  the  Tennessee  Paver  at  Colbert's 
Shoals,  and  moved  on  Athens,  Ala.  The  writer  of  this  sketch  was  ordered  to  re- 
port to  Gen.  Forrest  and  return  to  Middle  Tennessee  to  get  up  such  portions  of 
Gen.  Wheelers  command  as  had  been  left  there.  He  was  assigned  to  duty  tem- 
porarily as  a  member  of  Forrest's  staff.  Col.  Wheeler  had  applied  for  permission 
for  the  regiment  to  return  with  Forrest's  command  to  Tennessee;  but  (.Jen.  Wheel- 
er declined  the  request,  and  moved  with  his  entire  command  in  the  direction  of 
La  Grange,  Ga.  Athens  was  garrisoned  by  the  Federals  with  a  regiment  of  ne- 
groes—about twelve  hundred — and  several  hundred  white  soldiers,  commanded 
by  Col.  Campbell.  Most  of  these  men  were  in  a  strong  fort,  which  contained  six 
or  eight  pieces  of  artillery.  Gen.  Forrest  placed  his  men  in  position  and  sum- 
moned the  garrison  to  surrender,  which  Col.  Campbell  refused  to  do  until  the  flag 
of  truce  was  sent  in  the  third  time.  Forrest  became  exasperated,  and  in  his  talk 
with  Campbell  swore  that  he  would  storm  the  fort,  and  would  not  be  responsible 
for  the  consequences  to  Campbell's  command  if  forced  to  make  the  assault.  The 
latter  seemed  to  doubt  the  strength  of  Forrest's  command,  and  while  the  confer- 
ence was  going  on  Col.  Wheeler  rode  up.  Forrest  availed  himself  of  this  occur- 
rence to  play  a  game  of  bluff.  He  addressed  ( "ol.  Wheeler  as  Gen.  Wheeler,  and 
asked  him  if  his  command  was  well  up.     Col.  Wheeler  took  in  the  situation,  add 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.  '      893 


said:  "Yes;  Hume's  division,  with  my  battery  of  artillery,  is  now  on  the  field, 
and  Gen.  Martin's  division  is  not  more  thaa  two  miles  away."  The  fact  was,  ti:e 
divisions  named  were  at  least  one  hundred  miles  away,  on  their  march  to  Georgia. 
The  effect  on  the  Federal  officer  was  seen  at  once.  He  surrendered  his  command 
as  prisoners  of  war.  The  negroes  were  terribly  frightened.  The  name  of  Forrest 
was  a  terror  to  them,  and  also  to  the  Federal  troops.  It  turned  out  thai  Col. 
"Wheeler  had  finally  succeeded  in  obtaining  Gen.  Wheeler's  consent,  turned  back 
from  the  march  to  Georgia,  and  joined  Forrest's  command  at  Athens  just  a:  the 
time  before  stated. 

The  command  moved  with  Forrest,  aided  in  capturing  a  force  of  four  hundred 
men  guarding  the  bridge  at  Elk  River,  on  the  Nashville  and  Decatur  road,  and 
all  the  stockades  on  the  road  as  far  as  Pulaski,  where  the  Federals  had  collected 
several  thousand  men  to  oppose  Forrest;  thence  to  the  neighborhood  of  Shelby- 
ville  and  Wartrace.  The  stockades  referred  to  were  very  strong;  so  much  so  that 
it  was  only  the  rifle  guns  in  the  battery  of  the  gallant  Morton  that  could  make  any 
impression  upon  them.     Forrest's  name  in  itself  was  equal  to  a  division  of  men. 

Information  having  been  received  that  the  Tennessee  River  "was  ri.-Jntr.  owin« 
to  the  heavy  rains  in  the  mountains,  the  command  returned,  and  crossed  the  river 
below  Florence,  above  Colbert's  Shoals.  The  river  was  rising  rapidly  and  the 
wind  blowing  almost  a  gale.  The  boats  used  in  crossing  had  to  be  raised  i out  of 
the  water,  where  they  had  been  sunk  by  their  owners  to  avoid  destruction  at  the 
hands  of  the  Federals.  The  passage  of  the  men  and  horses  of  Vne  regiment  was 
very  dangerous,  but  was  effected  without  loss  of  life.  The  Federals  were  pursuing 
us  by  thousands,  but  did  not  seem  inclined  to  make  a  vigorous  attack.  If  they 
had  even  partially  pressed  their  advantage,  they  would  have  given  us  a  vast  deal 
of  trouble,  with  a  great  river  in  our  front  and  with  inadequate  means  of  crossing:. 

The  First  Regiment  moved  with  Forrest  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  where  he  applied  to 
Gen.  "Wheeler  for  its  transfer  to  his  command.  This  was  declined.  Forre.-t  then 
telegraphed  to  the  Secretary  of  War-  who  also  declined  to  order  the  transfer.  The 
men  were  very  much  attached  to  Forrest,  and  he  had  complimented  them  on  sev- 
eral occasions  for  their  gallantry  on  the  field  of  battle.  They  were  separated  :'r  «n 
him  soon  after  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  and  up  to  October,  1864,  had  not  served 
in  his  command  again.  They  parted  from  him  witli  reluctance,  and  marched 
across  the  country  by  the  way  of  Aberdeen  and  Columbus,  Miss.,  Tuscaloosa,  Ala., 
to  La  Grange,  Ga.  Here  they  again  joined  Gen.  "Wheeler's  command  about  the 
25tU  of  November,  after  the  most  arduous  service  and  a  march  of  more  than  sev- 
en hundred  miles. 

Meantime  Col.  Wheeler,  with  a  commissioned  officer  from  each  eompanr,  was 
ordered  to  return  with  Hood's  army  to  Middle  Tennessee  for  the  purpose  of  ob- 
taining recruits  for  the  regiment.  It  was  srreatly  reduced  in  numbers,  and  the 
men's  clothing  was  worn  and  ragged.  Confederate  money  had  greatly  depreci- 
ated in  value.  The  price  of  ordinary  necessities  of  life  was  almost  fabulous;  vet 
the  pay  of  officers  and  privates  was  precisely  the  same  as  if  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment had  paid  in  gold.  The  Government  was  largely  in  arrears  at  the  close 
of  the  war.  The  following  lines,  written  by  S.  A.  Jones,  editor  of  the  Ezamim  \ 
Aberdeen,  Miss.,  in  reference  to  Confederate  money  at  the  close  of  the  war,  are 
too  good  to  be  lost : 

Representing  nothing  on  God's  earth  now, 

And  nnnjrht  in  the  waters  heinw  ir. 
As  a  fM^'l^e  of  the  nation  that  '«  dead  and  £One, 
Ke^p  it,  dear  friend,  and  show  it. 


894  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Too  poor  to  possess  the  precious  ores. 

Ami  too  much  of  a  strauger  to  borrow, 
We  issued  to-day  our  promise  to  pay, 

And  hoped  to  redeem  on  the  morrow. 

The  days  rolled  on,  the  weeks  became  years, 

But  our  coffers  were  empty  still ; 
Coin  was  so  rare  the  treasury  quaked 

If  a  dollar  shouid  drop  in  "the  till. 

But  the  faith  within  us  was  stroug  indeed, 

And  our  poverty  well  discerned; 
And  those  little  checks  represented  the  pay 

Our  suffering  volunteers  earned. 

We  knew  it  had  hardly  a  value  in  gold, 
But  as  gold  our  soldiers  received  ic; 
It  gazed  in  our  fiees  with  a  promise  to  pay, 

And  each  suffering  soldier  believed  it. 

Bur  our  boys  thought  little  of  price  or  pay, 
l  ■  Or  of  bills  that  were  overdue; 

We  knew  it  gave  us  bread  to-day — 
'T  was  the  best  our  poor  country  could  do. 

K^ep  it:  it  tells  our  history  all  over, 

From  the  birth  of  us  dream  to  the  last; 
Modest,  and  born  of  the  aDpel  hope, 

Like  the  hope  of  success," 'it  passed. 

The  command  moved  with  "Wheeler  to  Griffin,  Ga.,  where  it  first  encountered 
Gen.  Sherman  on  his  " march  to  the  sea,"  Sherman  left  Atlanta  after  having 
driven  out  the  old  men,  women,  and  children,  burned  the  city,  and,  as  he  .says  in 
his  "  Memoirs,"  marched  out  of  the  place  with  banners  floating  to  the  breezes 
and  bands  playing  to  the  tune  of  "John's  Brown's  soul  is  marching  on.''  The 
regiment  accompanied  Gen.  Wheeler  on  all  this  arduous  service.  His  command 
did  not  exceed  two  thousand  five  hundred  men,  but  he  was  everywhere — in  front 
of  Sherman,  then  on  the  left,  and  again  on  the  right  flank  of  his  army.  whtcii 
was  estimated  at  not  less  than  one  hundred  thousand  men,  o(  which  about  ten 
thousand  were  cavalry  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Kilpatrick.  Wheeler  had 
only  a  few  thousand  men — "Joe  Erown's  militia,"  as  it  was  called — to  assist  him. 
The  latter  were  good  men,  no  doubt,  but  the  enemy's  shot  and  shell  annoyed  them 
exceedingly  at  Macon  and  one  or  two  other  places.  Our  boys  seemed  to  be  of  the 
opinion  generally  that  the  militia  could  hardly  be  relied  on  when  the  ''tug  cr' 
war"  came.  That  Sherman  had  ability  as  a  commander  no  one  doubts,  but  his 
"march  to  the  sea,"  so  much  lauded  by  his  friends  at  the  North,  was  little  less 
than  a  farce.  He  had  no  army  to  oppose  hiin,  the  Confederacy  was  reduced  to  a 
shell,  and  the  great  parade  about  this  movement  from  Atlanta  to  Savannah,  Ga., 
is  a  very  good  exemplification  of  "much  ado  about  nothing."  He  made  war  on 
old  men,  women,  and  children,  burned  cotton-gins  and  dwelling-houses,  and  de- 
stroyed property  without  stint.  His  army  could  be  traced  by  the  light  of  the 
burning  houses  by  night  and  the  smoke  by  day.  This  was  true  not  only  of  his 
march  in  Georgia,  but  also  across  the  State  o[  South  Carolina.  Who  lias  not 
heard  of  Sherman's  "  bummers,''  whose  chief  employment  seemed  to  be  to  attack 
helpless  women  and  children,  and  by  force  take  what  did  not  belong  to  them?  In 
numberless  instances  they  left  them  without  any  means  of  support,  without  a 
home  or  a  change  of  clothing.  The  regiment  aided  Wheeler  in  beating  back 
Kilpatrick  and  his  thousands  of  cavalry  sent  to  destroy  the  arsenal  and  liberate 
a  hir,ge  number  of  Federal  prisoners  at  Augusta,  Ca.  Kilpatrick  held  out  about 
forty-eight  hours,  but  was  forced  to  abandon  his  raid  on  Augusta  and  seek  protec 


Regimental  Histokj.es  and  Memorial  Kolls.        895 


tion  with  the  infantry  of  Sherman's  arnryyafter  having  lost  a  large  number  of 
prisoners,  and  being  almost  broken  up.     This  was  the  last  time  Kilpatrick  ventured 

out  from  the  shadow  of  Sherman's  infantry  until  alter  the  close  of  the  war. 

The  regiment  crossed  Savannah  River  a  short  distance  above  Savannah,  and 
remained  on  the  South  Carolina  side  until  after  December  20,  1SG4,  about  which 
time  Gen.  Hardee  evacuated  Savannah;  thence  on  to  Branchville,  Lexington,  Co- 
lumbia, and  Camden,  S.  C,  to  Grassy  Island,  Pedee  River,  where  it  forded  that 
stream  and  entered  North  Carolina.  We  captured  a  great  many  prisoners,  and 
were  continually  on  the  march.  We  saved  the  cotton-mills  at  Aiken,  S.  C.  but 
the  entire  command  could  not  save  Columbia.  Gen.  Wade  Hampton  joined  us 
near  the  last-named  place,  and  became  Chief  of  Cavalry.  That  Sherman  ordered 
or  was  privy  to  the  burning  of  Columbia,  no  one  in  our  command  doubted  at  the 
time.  The  regiment  did  all  it  could  to  assist  in  preventing  the  Federals  from 
spreading  over  the  country,  and  succeeded  to  some  extent.  Gen.  Joe  Wheeler's 
energy  and  gallantry  were  worthy  of  all  praise. 

Near  Fayetteville,  X.  C,  we  assisted  in  the  surprise  of  Kilpatrick's  camp, 
which  was  along-side  the  infantry  of  a  corps  of  Sherman's  army.  The  surprise 
was  just  at  day-break,  and  would  have  been  more  effective  but  for  the  difficulty  of 
crossing  a  swamp  peculiar  to  the  low  pine-lands  near  the  coast.  The  fight  was 
desperate,  but  we  succeeded  in  capturing  a  number  of  prisoners  and  Gen.  Kilpat- 
rick's head-quarters.  The  General  made  his  escape  in  his  nieht-clothes,  it  was 
said.  We  captured  his  uniform,  saber,  pistols,  and  two  fine  horses— one  of  them  a 
calico  horse,  as  the  boys  called  him  (white  and  bay  spots),  and  the  other  a  black. 
At  the  close  of  the  war  Gen.  Wheeler  had  one  of  the  horses  and  Gen.  Allen,  c^ 
Alabama,  the  other.  In  this  affair  Gen.  Hume,  Col.  Harrison,  of  Texas,  and  Col. 
Henry  M.  Ashby,  of  the  Second  Tennessee,  at  the  time  in  command  of  our  bri- 
gade,  were  wounded;  also  privates  and  other  officers  were  killed  and  wounded. 
We  fought  the  Federal  infantry,  and  crossed  Cape  Fear  River  at  Fayetteville  and 
assisted  in  destroying  the  bridge  at  that  point.  The  command  of  the  brigade  then 
devolved  on  Lieut. -col.  Lewis  (and  so  continued  until  the  close  of  the  wan,  and 
that  of  the  regiment  on  Maj.  Joseph  J.  Dobbins,  a  splendid  man  and  most  gallant 
and  efficient  officer. 

The  regiment,  with  the  brigade,  reported  to  Lieut.-gen.  Hardee,  and  under  his 
command  participated  in  the  battle  of  Averysboro,  then  moved  in  rear  of  Hardee's 
command  to  Bentonville,  and  took  part  in  the  three  days'  fight  at  that  place,  first 
serving  on  the  right  of  the  army  and  then  on  the  left.  Gen.  Joseph  E.  John-ton 
was  in  command  of  the  Confederates,  Gen.  Sherman  of  the  Federal  forces.  A  por- 
tion of  the  regiment  assisted  in  driving  back  a  division  of  Federals  which  had 
succeeded  in  reaching  the  rear  of  the  army,  and  had  taken  possession  of  the  vil- 
lage of  Bentonville  and  the  general  hospital  there.  Gen.  Walthall  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  infantry  on  the  left  of  the  army,  the  regiment  being  on  his  left.  The 
contest  was  desperate,  as  we  were  engaged  with  the  Federal  infantry.  Gen.  Wal- 
thall, with  his  command,  moved  at  one  o'clock  .v.:\r.,  bringing  up  the  rear  of  the 
infantry.  The  regiment,  with,  the  brigade,  moved  at  two  a.m.,  bringing  up  the 
rear  of  the  army.  We  crossed  the  bridge  at  Bentonville  after  sunrise,  and  set  it 
on  fire.  The  Federal  infantry  rushed  upon  it,  but  were  repulsed  by  the  firing  of 
two  pieces  of  artillery  loaded  with  grape-shot;  also  by  dismounted  men  in  the 
woods  on  the  bank  of  the  stream.     The  two  guns  were  masked  for  the  occasion. 


896  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


The  bridge  and  the  approach  to  it  were  thickly  strewn  with  the  enemy's  dead  and 
wounded.  Lieut.  Dobbin.?,  a  most  gallant  officer  of  Company  E,  and  others,  were 
badly  wounded  in  this  affair  at  the  bridge. 

The  battLe  of  Benton  ville  was  the  last  of  the  war  in  which  the  Army  of  Ten- 
nessee was  engaged.  It  was  fought  on  the  19th  and  20th  of  March,  186-3.  Sher- 
man having  reached  Goldsboro,  united  his  force  with  that  of  Gen.  Schofield.  The 
regiment  moved  with  the  brigade  to  a  point  near  Nahtmta  Swamp,  and  took  posi- 
tion on  the  Weldon  railroad.  On  the  10th  of  April  Sherman  advanced  in  the  di- 
rection of  Raleigh.  The  regiment,  with  the  brigade,  assisted  in  bringing  up  the 
rear  of  Johnston's  army,  passing  through  Raleigh,  and  by  the  way  of  Morris- 
ville  to  the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill,  having  frequent  com- 
bats with  the  advance  of  Sherman's  army.  The  last  collision  with  the  enemy  oc- 
curred at  a  creek  on  the  road  leading  from  Chapel  Hill  to  Raleigh,  about  two 
miles  from  the  iirst-named  place.  This  was  the  last  conflict  of  the  war,  except 
Henry  Court-house.  That  night  Judge  Battle  informed,  us  of  the  assassination 
of  Mr.  Lincoln,  lie  having  received  the  information  from  ex-Gov.  Swain,  and 
Swain  from  Gen.  Sherman,  to  whom  he  had  gone  to  ask  protection  for  the  college 
property.  The  nest  day's  march  on  the  road  to  Greensboro  brought  us  to  Haw 
River,  where  we  first  heard  of  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia 
by  Gen.  Lee.  An  hour  later  we  heard  that  Gen.  Johnston  was  negotiating  with 
Gen.  Sherman  for  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee.  Johnston's  head- 
quarters were  at  Greensboro,  about  twenty  miles  away.  There  was  little  sleep 
in  our  camp  that  night.  Brave  men  shed  tears  freely.  Gloom  and  despondency 
settled  down  over  the  camp.  The  end  had  come  to  that  long,  terrible  struggle 
which  had  cost  the  country,  North  and  South,  nearly  a  million  of  lives  and  im- 
mense sums  of  money  and  property.  The  loss  to  the  South  alone  was  immense. 
It  was  the  land  of  "ashes  and  sorrow."  It  had  lost  $1,600,000,000  in  slave; alone, 
to  say  nothing  of  horses,  mules,  cattle,  fences,  buildings,  and  every  other  kind  of 
property. 

On  the  26th  of  April  the  battle-flag  of  the  Confederacy  was  furled,  so  far  as  the 
Army  of  Tennessee  was  concerned.  What  a  history  it  had  for  the  world!  and 
what  a  host  of  brave,  true,  gallant  men's  hearts  had  ceased  to  beat  forever  under 
its  folds!  The  words  of  Father  Ryan  somewhat  express  the  feelings  of  the  Con- 
federate soldier : 

THE   CONQUERED    BANNER. 

Furl  that  banner,  for  't  is  weary, 
Roun<l  its  staff  't  is  drooping  dreary 

Furl  it.  fold  it;  it  is  best. 
For  there's  not  a  man  to  wave  it. 
And  there  'a  not  a  sword  to  save  it, 
And  there  *s  not  one  left  to  lave  it 
In  the  blood  which  heroes  pave  it. 
And  its  foes  no>.v  scorn  and  brave  it: 

Furl  it,  hide  it,  let  it  rest. 
\ 

Take  that  banner  down;  't  is  tattered, 
Broken  is  its  staff  and  shattered. 
And  the  valiant  hosts  are  scattered 

Over  whom  it  floated  high. 
O  'tis  hard  for  us  to  fold  it, 
Hard  to  think  there's  none  to  hold  it, 
H«rd  that  those  who  once  unrolled  it 

Now  must  furl  it  with  a  sigh. 


oiextal  Histories  and  Memorial  Eolls.       807 


Furl  that  banner,  furl  it  sadly; 
Once  ten  thousstq d  hailed  if  gladly, 
And  ten  thousand  wildly,  miutly 

Swore  it  should  forever  wave; 
Swore  ihat  foenian's  sword  should  never 
"Hearts  hke  theirs  iotwitved  dissever, 
Till  that  fla£  should  flout  forever 

O'er  their  freedom  or  their  grave! 

Furl  it,  for  the  hands  that  urasped  it, 
And  the  hearts  that  fondly  elnsped  it, 

Cold  and  dead  are  lying  low; 
And  that  banner  it  is  trailing, 
While  around  it.  sounds  the  wailing 

Of  its  people  in  their  woe. 

For,  though  conquered,  they  adore  it; 
Love  the  cold,  dead  hands  that  bore  it; 
Weep  for  those  who  tell  before  it; 
Pinion  those  who  traded  and  tore  it; 
But  O  wildly  they  deplore  i.t 
.Now  who  fin  !  and  fold  it  so  ! 

Furl  that  banner!     True,  'tis  gory, 
Yec  't  is  wreathed  around  with  glory, 
And  'twill  live  in  song  and  story, 

Though  its  folds  are  in  the  dust; 
For  its  fame  on  brightest  pages, 
Penned  by  poets  and  by  sages, 
Shall  go  sounding  down  the  ages, 

Furl  its  folds  though  now  we  must. 

Furl  that  banner  softly,  slowly : 
Treat  it  gently;  it  is  holy, 

For  it  droops  above  the  dead. 
Touch  it  not,  unfold  it  never; 
Let  it  droop  there,  furled  forever, 

For  its  people's  hopes  are  dead. 

The  regiment  was  paroled  at  Charlotte,  N.  C,  on  the  3d  of  May,  1865.  Col. 
"Wheeler,  with  about  two  hundred  recruits — yonfrg  men  from  Middle  Tennessee — 
joined  the  command  at  that  place.  Capt.  Joe  H.  Fussell,  Capt.  G.  M,  V.  Kinzer, 
Capt.  Freeman,  and  other  officers,  returned  with  him.  They  had  an  engagement 
on  the  4th  of  Slay  at  Henry  Court-house,  Ya.,  with  a  brigade  of  Federal  cav- 
alry. Neither  party  knew  that  the  war  hail  closed.  Several  men  were  wounded. 
Private  Edwards,  of  Company  I — Capt.  II.  F.  Barham — was  killed.  So  that  the 
singular  circumstance  occurs  that  this  company  lost  the  first  and  last  man  killed 
in  the  Army  of  Tennessee — Geo.  \V\  Barham,  near  Flopkinsville,  Ky.,  early  in 
October,  1861,  and  Edwards  at  Henry  Court-house,  Va.,  May  4,  1S65.  This 
statement  is  true  from  the  best  information  we  have  been  able  to  obtain. 

This  ended  the  military  career  of  a  command  which  served  in  every  Southern 
State  east  of  the  Mississippi  River  south  of  the  Potomac,  They  were  noble,  brave, 
gallant  men.  They  strove  to  do  their  duty,  and  stood  to  the  last  in  a  cause  which 
they  believed  to  be  right.  The  war  was  over,  and  they  accepted  the  situation, 
returned  to  their  homes,  and  engaged  in  the  peaceful  pursuits  of  life.  Many  of 
them  have  attained  distinction,  and  now  fill  places  of  high  public  trust  usefully 
to  their  constituents  and  honorably  to  the  country. 

Capt.  S.  Y.  Caldwell,  who  for  so  long  a  time  has  held  the  position  of  Superin- 
tendent of  Public  Schools,  Nashville,  Tenn.,  and  who  has  labored  so  faithfully  in 
building  up  those  splendid  institutions  of  learning;  A.  J.  Caldwell,  member  at 
Congress  from  the  Nashville  district;  D.  B.  Cooper  and  Eugene  Roberts,  of  the 
Xashvillt  American,  are  among  the  number  alluded  to  above. 

In  a  brief  sketch  such  as  this  it  is  impracticable  to  give  incidents  connected 
with  the  individual  men  and  officers  of  the  regiment,  especially  where  there  are 

many  worthy  of  personal  mention. 
57 


SOS 


Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


MEMORIAL  ROLL 

COMPANY  A. 


Grant,  Thos.  N..  k.at  Elk  River  Trestle,  Tenrr. 
Ferryman.  Wm.,  k.  at  Columbia,  'IVr.n. 
Johnston,  Lieut.  G.,  k.  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn. 
Mayberry,  Robt.  N.,  w.  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn. 
Fogey,  A.  H.,  w.  at  Spring  Hill,  Tenn. 
Grimes,  J.  A.,  w.  at  fcpring  Hill,  Tenn. 
Dickey,  B.  M.,  \v.  at  spring  Hill,  Tenn. 
Kinze'r,  Capt.  G.  M.  V.,  w.  at  Athens,  Tenn. 


Kenda;cks,  Hiram,  k.  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Peper,  Richard,  k.  at  Corinth,  Miss. 
Kichol,  Martin  V..  k.  at  Tunnel  Hill,  Ga. 
Wagner,  Lieut.  Peter,  k.  at   Holly  Sprim 

MlS3. 

Smith,  Thos.,  k.  at  Lebanon,  Tenn. 
Wniteeides,  G.  K.,  k.  at  Lebanon,  Tenn. 
McKinnon,  Henry,  k.  at  Nashville,  Tetm. 
Kevier,  James,  k.at  Spring  H;ll,  Tenn. 

COMPANY  D. 
Endslev.  Capt.  Edward,  k.  ,  Kone,  R.  P.,  k. 

Hooper,  Capt.  L.  K.,  w.  Williams,  W.  N.,  k. 

White,  Lat'avette,  k.  at  Columbia,  Tenn.  Winfrey, ,  k. 

Scott,  Shelton  F.,  k.  at  New  Hope  Church,  Ga.  |  Thompson,  C.  W.,  w.  at  Resaca.  Ga. 

COMPANY  E. 
Amis,  William,  k. 

Barnes,  Willie,  k.  at  Franklin,  Tenn. 
Douglas,  Ned,  k.at  iuka,  Miss. 
Davis,  Joseph,  k.  at  Columbia,  Tenn. 
Ferguson,  Samuel,  k.  at  Rocky  Hill,  Ky. 
Maxwell,  McCord,  k.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Shadden,  Alexander,  k.  at  Strawberrv  Plains, 
Tenn. 


Hackney,  Lieut.  T.  C,  k.  in  Kentucky. 

Dandndge,  Arch.,  k.  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 

Turner,  Ned,  k.  at  Macon,  Ga. 

Fussell,  Lieut.  J.  H  ,  w. 

Dobbins,  Lieut.  Alexander,  w.  at  Bentonvil! 

N.C. 
Gordon,  J.  C,  w.  at  Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Goodrum,  John,  w.  at  Averysboro,  N.  C. 


Latta,  Sims,  w.  at  Averysboro,  N.  C. 
Thompson,  James,  w.  a't  Averysboro,  N.  C. 
Vaughn,  James,  w.  at  Spring  HiiJ,  Tenn. 
Vaughn.  C.  C,  w.  at  BentonviHe,  N.  C. 
Ray,  J.  M.,  w.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Aydlett,  Frank,  w.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Glenu,  Tom,  w.  at  Columbia,  Tenn. 
Gordon,  W.  B.,  w.  at  Spring  Hill.  Tenn. 
Grirtin,  Patrick,  w.  Thompson's  Station,  Tenn. 
Henderson,  Lee,  w.  at  New  Hope.  Ga. 
Latta,  W.  A.,  w.  at  Corinth,  Miss. 
Moore,  E.  N.,  w.  at  Corinth,  Miss. 
Pointer,  Gatha,  w.  at  Holly  Springs.  Miss. 
Pillow,  E.  p.,  w.  at  Daiton.  Ga. 
Wilkins,  James,  w.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Williams,  H.  H,  w.  at  Waynesboro,  Ga. 


COMPANY  F. 


Turner,  Capt.  Ben,  k.  at  Corinth,  Miss. 
Freeland,  J.  L,  k.  at  New  Hope  Church,  Ga. 
Howser,  Aionzo,  k.  at  New  Hope  Church,  Ga. 
Freeland,  Thomas,  k.  at  Franklin,  Tenn. 
Gilliam,  W.  C,  k.  at  BentonviHe,  N.  C. 


I  Hill,  J.  W.,  k.  at  Holly  Springs,  Miss, 

I  Alderson,  Lieut.  W.  H.,  k  at  Green  River,  Kv, 

I  Caskey,  R.  H-,  w.  at  Crofton's  Bridge,  S.  C. 

Harris,  Wm.,  w.  at  Chiekamau^a,  Ga. 
1  Yates,  C.  E^w.  at  Chickamauga,  Ga. 


COMPANY  G. 


Bradley,  J.  H.,  k.  at  Henry  Court-house,  Va. 
Bennett,  Marion,  k.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Brenson,  J.  R.,  k.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Smith,  Charles,  k.  at  New  Hope,  Ga. 
Nevels,  R.  J.,  k.  at  Kennesaw  Mountain,  Ga. 
Rone,  James,  k.  at  Kennesaw  Mountain,  Ga. 
Pullen,  H.  C,  k.  at  Kennesaw  Mountain,  Ga. 


I  Amis,  Lewis,  w. 

Moore,  George,  w.  in  Mississippi. 
j  Pack,  Frank,  w.  in  Mississippi. 
j  Simpson,  Th>.  mas,  w.  at  iuka,  .Miss. 
;  Kniglu,  Andrew,  w.  at  Corinth,  Miss. 
j  Davis,  Tom,  w.  at  Henry  Court-house,  V; 


COMPANY  I. 
Barham,  G.  W..  k.  at  Hopkinsville,  Ky  J  Whitwell.  Ben,  k.  at  Tnune.  Tenn. 

Chauncey,  C  k.  at  Corinth,  Miss.  I  Goodman,  Granville,  k.  ar  Brentwood.  Tenn. 

Blackburn,  W.  L.,  k.  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.  {  Edwards, ,  k   at  Henry  Court-house,  \  a. 

Fred,  John,  k.  at  Thompsons  Station,  Tenn.  |  Slayden,  Lieut.  John  C,  k. 
Kelley,  Daniel,  k.  st  Resaca.  Ga.  .  Cotham.  James,  k. 

Stalling*,  Lieut.  G.  W.,  k.  at  New  Hope,  Ga.      j  Powder. _,  k. 

Sharp,  Nehemiah,  k.  at  Aiken,  S.  C.  j  Siblay,  Mike.'  k. 

Whitwell,  Jack,  k.  at  Columbia,  S.  C.  [  Sharp,  Fountain  P..  k. 

I  have  not  been  able  to  get  any  report  of  Companies  B,  C,  H,  K.  The  list  of 
companies  reported  is  not  full  and  complete. 

Company  C  acted  as  escort  for  Maj.-gen.  Stevenson,  commanding  division  of 
infantry,  most  of  the  year  18G4;  Company  E,  escort  for  Gen.  Armstrong,  com- 
manding our  brigade,  from  September,  1802,  to  October,  1863. 


PiEGDIEXTAL   HISTORIES  AND  MEMORIAL  ROLLS.  899 


FOURTEENTH  TENNESSEE  CAVALRY. 

By  J.  J.  Neely,  Bolivar,  Tenn. 

The  Fourteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  enlisted  behind  the  Federal  lines  in 
West  Tennessee  while  they  occupied  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  and  Mobile 
and  Ohio  railroads,  and  the  principal  points  on  the  lines  of  these  roads  were  gar- 
risoned by  their  troops.  The  regiment  was  made  up  of  men  principally  from  the 
counties  of  Hardeman,  Madison,  Gibson,  and  Haywood,  there  being  four  from 
Hardeman,  four  from  Madison,  one  from  Gibson,  one  from  Play  wood  and  Fayette. 
It  was  composed  of  the  best  men  who  had  seen  service — some  had  been  wounded 
and  discharged,  others  thrown  out  at  the  reorganization  on  account  of  over-age, 
others  furloughed  and  caught  by  the  Federals  behind  the  lines  so  that  they  could 
not  get  back  to  their  commands.  They  were  enlisted  with  the  promise  that  they 
would  not  be  returned  to  infantry.  They  equipped  themselves.  There  were  no 
conscripts.  A  great  many  were  young  men  between  the  ages  of  eighteen  and 
twenty,  who  were  too  young  to  enlist  at  the  beginning  of  the  war.  The  regiment 
organized  at  Fikeville,  Miss. 

The  Hardeman  county  companies  were  as  follows: 

Company  A — Captain,  E.  R.  White;  First  Lieutenant,  A.  J.  Cox;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, Xeal  Calahan;  Third  Lieutenant,  J.  B.  Harris. 

Company  F — Captain,  William  Hall;  First  Lieutenant,  J.  M.  Moore;  Second 
Lieutenant,  W.  L.  Hall;  Third  Lieutenant,  Jasper  Smith. 

Company  E — Captain,  Gwynn  Thurmond;  First  Lieutenant,  A.  B.  Emerson; 
Second  Lieutenant,  Wm.  G.  Pirtle. 

The  Madison  county  companies  were  as  follows: 

Company  C — Captain,  Zilman  Voss;  First  Lieutenant,  E.  J.  Stray  horn;  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant,  W.  J.  Swink. 

Company  G — Captain  Hugh  Greer;  First  Lieutenant,  J.  Eobertson;  Second 
Lieutenant,  J.  E.  Bobbitt;  Third  Lieutenant,  J.  Eeed. 

Company  I— Captain,  E.  S.  Elliott;  First  Lieutenant,  James  Laird;  Second 
Lieutenant,  J.  Langly;  Third  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  Eix. 

Company  K — Captain,  Robert  Harriss;  First  Lieutenant,  A.  W.  Fleming;  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant,  W.  J.  Campbell. 

The  Fayette  county  companies  were  as  follows: 

Company  H — Captain,  James  Gwynne;  First  Lieutenant,  J.  Brewster;  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant,  B.  F.  Tatum;  Third  Lieutenant,  D.  L.  Hill. 

Company  B — Captain,  Jack  Deberry;  First  Lieutenant,  X.  A.  Senter;  Second 
Lieutenant,  J.  B.  Holt. 

Company  D— Captain,  L.  A.  Thomas;  First  Lieutenant,  J.  W.  Eicks;  Second 
Lieutenant,  James  Drake. 

At  the  organization  J.  J.  Xeely  was  elected  Colonel;  E.  E.  White,  Lieutenant- 
colonel;  Gwynn  Thurmond,  Major;  T.  H.  Turner,  Surgeon;  E.  P.  Watson  Assist- 
ant Surgeon;  A.  F.  Topp,  Quartermaster.  Shelby  Hammond  (now  Judge  of  the 
Federal  Court)  was  appointed  Adjutant. 

The  regiment  was  armed  with  short  Enfield  rifles  at  Pikeville,  and  joined  the 
Twelfth  Tennessee  and  Fifteenth  Tennessee,  which  were  known  as  Eichardson's 


900  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


Brigade,  which  was  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Chalmers,  in  North  Mississippi; 

came  from  the  organization  to  New  Albany,  on  the  Tallahatchie  River,  and 
fought  a  Federal  regiment  with  Col.  Inge?s  command.  It  was  here  that  Gen. 
Forrest  came  to  the  command  from  Middle  Tennessee,  and  requested  the  co- 
operation of  the  regiment  in  raising  a  cavalry  force  to  serve  in  West  Tennessee, 
The  Fourteenth  Regiment  was  posted  near  Kstinaula  to  guard  the  Hatchie 
River — that  being  an  important  crossing,  and  the  direct  line  from  Memphis  to 
Jackson,  Tennessee,  where  Gen.  Forrest  had  his  head-quarters — to  guard  the 
approaches  from  Memphis  while  Gen.  Forrest  was  recruiting  for  Bell's  brigade 
north  of  the  Hatchie  River. 

While  at  Estinaula  we  heard  that  Prince,  commanding  the  Sixth  and  Seventh. 
Illinois  Cavalry,  was  coming  from  Bolivar,  Tennessee,  to  attack  the  Fourteenth 
Regiment;  came  up  four  miles  to  Col.  J.  M.  Miller's,  met  the  Federal  command 
of  two  regiments,  held  them  in  check  until  we  were  joined  by  the  remainder  of 
the  regiment,  about  two  hundred  in  number,  when  we  routed  them  and.  drove 
them  three  or  four  miles,  night  putting  a  stop  to  the  engagement.  In  the  mean- 
time Gen.  Forrest  was  enabled  to  get  his  supplies,  artillery,  and  unarmed  men 
across  the  river.  These  he  afterward  carried  safely  south.  There  were  about 
two  thousand  nine  hundred  unarmed  men.  Col.  Prince  retreated  to  Somerville. 
The  Fourteenth  captured  and  killed  a  number  of  the  enemy  without  the  loss  of 
any,  but  several  wounded.  Gen.  Forrest,  with  his  escort  and  battalion,  followed 
to  Somerville,  the  enemy  having  left  there  on  the  road  to  Bolivar.  The  Four- 
teenth met  them  the  next  day  at  Mrs.  Armour's,  seven  miles  east  of  Somerville, 
and  in  the  fight  that  ensued  lost  two  men,  but  captured  important  information 
between  Col.  Prince  and  Gen.  Grierson,  who  had  the  remainder  of  his  forces  to 
which  Prince  belonged.  At  Saulsbury,  Tennessee,  and  along  the  Memphis  and 
Charleston  railroad,  we  fought  a  Federal  force,  which  was  driven  back  with  the 
loss  of  one  man.  We  then  surrounded  Collierville,  remained  in  the  saddle  until 
midnight,  and  kept  the  Federals  from  harassing  Gen.  Forrest,  and  enabled  him 
to  get  his  supplies  and  recruits  across  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad.  We 
continued  the  rout  to  Como,  Mississippi;  from  thence  to  Oxford,  where  Gen.  For- 
rest reorganized  the  command,  making  four  brigades,  commanded  by  Richard- 
son, McCulloch,  Bell,  and  Jezfrey  Forrest.  The  First  Brigade  was  composed  of 
the  Seventh  Tennessee  (Col.  Duckworth),  Twelfth  Tennessee  (Col.  J.  U.  Green). 
Fourteenth  Tennessee  (Col.  J.  J.  Neely),  Fifteenth  Tennessee  (Col.  F.  M.  Stew- 
art). From  Como  a  part  of  the  regiment  was  sent  back  through  the  lines  to  col- 
lect officers  and  men  that  were  left  within  the  lines.  After  gathering  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  officers  and  men,  we  returned  by  way  of  Sauisbury,  firing  on  a  train 
and  killing  several,  among  others  the  officer  in  charge.  We  then  returned  to  the 
command;  thence  to  West  Point,  where  the  Fourteenth  was  engaged  in  the  fight, 
capturing  a  few  of  the  Fourth  Regular  Federal  Cavalry.  We  were  ordered  to 
Yazoo  City  with  the  Twelfth  and  Fifteenth  Tennessee,  under  Gen.  Richardson,  am! 
were  joined  by  Ross's  and  Mabry's  Texans.  We  found  the  Federals  in  three  re- 
doubts, supported  by  two  sun-boats  in  the  river.  Two  of  the  redoubts  were  capt- 
ured, and  the  Federals  were  driven  through  the  streets  by  the  Fourteenth  and 
Fifteenth  Tennessee.  This  was  one  of  the  hottest  fights  of  the  war.  The  Four- 
teenth lost  twenty-eight  men  killed  and  wounded,  among  the  number  its  gallant 
and  accomplished  Major,  Gwynu  Thurmond,  who  was  a  conscientious,  brave  sol- 


Eegimektal  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       901 


die;-,  and   knowing  his  duty  always  did  it   well.     Dr.  Simmons,  James  Hays, 
Lieut.  Swink,  and  others,  were  dangerously  wounded. 

After  this  battle  Oil.  J.  J.  Xeely  was  put  in  command  of  the  First  Brigade, 
and  Cot  "White  in  command  of  the  regiment.  We  came  up  into  West  Tennes- 
see on  a  raid,  fought  Hurst's  Sixth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  drove  him  back  to  Somer- 
vilie,  and  captured,  killed,  and  wounded  about  one  hundred — capturing  all  his 
train,  consisting  of  five  wagons,  two  ambulances,  and  fifty  thousand  rounds  of  am- 
munition, which  was  divided  with  Gen.  Forrest's  command,  as  he  needed  them 
very  much.  "We  were  then  sent  to  Raleigh,  Tenn.,  to  make  a  demonstration  to 
keep  the  Federals  from  reinforcing  Fort  Pillow  while  Gen.  Forrest  captured  the 
fort,  which  we  did  at  Kaleigh  and  to  the  mouth  of  Wolf  River,  capturing  mules, 
drays,  etc.,  and  skirmishing  with  the  enemy.  We  remained  around  Memphis 
until  we  heard  the  guns  at  Fort  Pillow,  when  we  drew  off  and  rejoined  Gen.  For- 
rest at  Jackson.  We  took  charge  of  the  prisoners  and  went  south  by  Medon, 
Purdy,  and  Pocahontas,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  railroad. 

At  Verona  Chalmers's  division  was  ordered  to  Monticello,  .Via.,  to  meet  a  raid 
on  the  iron-works  by  the  Federals.  Chalmers,  with  McCulloch's  and  Xeely's 
brigades,  went  by  Oxford,  Ala.,  when  they,  with  Gen.  Pillow's  brigade  of  Ala- 
bama troops,  crossed  the  Coosa  River  at  Gadsden  to  La  Fayette,  Ga.,  at  which 
place  they  attacked  and  captured  eighty-five  prisoners  and  a  large  number  of 
horses  and  equipments,  losing  fourteen  men  killed  and  wounded.  We  were  then 
ordered  to  return  by  forced  marches,  by  Tuscaloosa,  to  Columbus,  where  we  left 
our  horses  and  took  the  train  to  Okolona;  thence  on  foot  to  Ilarrisburg,  twenty- 
eight  miles,  where  Gens.  Lee  and  Forrest  engaged  a  large  Federal  force  under 
Gen.  Smith.  After  getting  our  horses  again,  we  were  ordered  to  Oxford,  Miss., 
to  meet  another  raid  from  Memphis  under  one  of  the  Smiths.  We  had  a  skir- 
mish with  the  pickets,  capturing  thirty-five,  and  having  two  men  wounded.  We 
went  with  Gen.  Forrest  on  his  famous  raid  into  Memphis,  where  we  engaged  the 
infantry  camp  in  the  suburbs,  capturing  one  hundred  and  eighty  prisoners  and  kill- 
ing a  good  many,  several  companies  being  in  the  city.  The  fight  was  hand-to- 
hand  among  the  tents  at  the  encampment  of  infantry. 

The  Fourteenth  participated  in  all  the  fights  in  which  Forrest's  Cavalrv  en- 
gaged in  Gen.  Flood's  raid  into  Middle  Tennessee,  and  saw  all  the  severe  and 
arduous  service  of  that  raid,  and  suffered  considerable  losses.  They  also  partici- 
pated in  the  last  engagements,  and  surrendered  at  Gainesville,  Ala, 

The  record  of  the  Fourteenth  Tennessee  Cavalry  was  one  series  of  glories  and 
devotion  to  duty  from  the  time  of  its  organization  to  the  close  of  the  war.  The 
writer,  who  was  honored  with  the  position  of  its  first  Colonel,  can  say  for  it  with 
pride  and  gratification  that  cur  own  State  owes  the  regiment  lasting  gratitude 
for  the  luster  it  added  to  Tennessee's  already  glorious  renown  as  the  mother  of 
volunteers  and  birthplace  of  soldiers. 

Me  mortal  Roll. 
These  are  only  a  few  that  I  remember  to  have  been  killed,  as  I  have  not  been 
able  to  get  a  list  from  the  Captains  of  companies: 

Company  A. 

Hunter,  John,  Ic.  at  Columbia,  Tenu. 

Company  B. 

Holr,  Lieut.  John,  k.  at  Pulaski,  Tenn. 


902  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


COMPANY   C. 

Thurmond,  Maj.  G.,  k.  at  Yazoo  City.  I  Weatherly,  Jesse,  k.  at  La  Fayette,  Gs 

Simmons,  Tr.,  of  Denmark,  k.  at  Yazoo  City. 
Hays,  Jam«9,  k.  at  Ya^ooCiiy. 
Hutchinson,  L.,  k.  at  Yazoo  City. 

Company  E. 
Teague,  Henry,  k.  at  Memphis,  Tenn. 


Beid,  Lieut.  James,  k.  at  Athens,  Ala. 
Hudson,  Dorsey,"k.  at  Puiaski,  Tenn. 


NINETEENTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  C.  W.  Heiskell,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

[Those  additional  facts  should  have  been  inserted  in  the  sketch  on  page  372, 
hut  the  manuscript  was  overlooked  until  too  late  to  be  so  used.] 

The  regiment  was  also  in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge;  the  fights  around 
Dalton,  Rocky  Face,  Resaca,  Adairsville,  crossing  the  Etowah;  at  Kingston,  Los: 
Mountain,  and  New  Hope  Church;  and  on  the  Kennesaw  line  in  front  of  Mari- 
etta, where  it  was  a  part  of  the  force  which  held  the  famous  "dead  angle,"  and 
where  the  opposing  forces  were  so  close  together  that  some  of  my  men  threw 
stones  at  and  knocked  down  several  of  the  approaching  foes.  It  was  at  the  cross- 
ing of  the  Chattahooche,  Nashville,  Franklin,  Spring  Hill,  defense  of  Atlanta, 
twenty-second  of  July  fight,  in  the  Jonesboro  tight,  and  at  Bentonville. 

At  the  battle  of  Jonesboro  Gen.  Hardee  role  to  the  front  and  to  his  extreme  skir- 
mish-line. He  was  met  by  Arthur  Fuikerson,  who  died  so  gallantly  on  the  bloody 
field  of  Franklin.  Fuikerson  said  to  him:  u  General,  those  are  Federals  in  your 
front;  do  not  go  farther."  He  replied,  u  You  must  be  mistaken.''  Fuikerson 
said:  "No,  sir;  I  am  not;  and  to  convince  you  [it  was  getting  quite  late],  I  will 
go  to  the  line;  and  if  they  are  Federals,  I  will  fire  off  my  gun.'*  The  ( reneral  said. 
u  Go."  He  went,  fired  his  gun,  and  was  captured;  but  our  beloved  General  es- 
caped.    Fuikerson  was  exchanged  a  few  days  afterward,  and  rejoined  his  command. 

At  the  battle  of  Stone's  River,  or  Murfrcesboro,  Sergeant  Thompson,  of  Com- 
pany A,  captured  three  Federals  and  marched  them  up  to  the  Colonel,  and  said: 
'•'Colonel,  here  are  three  of  the  blues." 

On  the  retreat  from  Columbia,  when  we  were  with  Forrest,  we  were  splashing 
along  in  the  rain  and  sleet  Christinas  night,  at  11  o'clock.  It  was  dark,  and  the 
elements  and  our  own  feelings  seemed  at  one.  (The  men  had  often  asked  me  to 
have  them  mounted,  and  let  us  join  the  cavalry.)  To  relieve  the  occasion  in  this 
oppressive  glo'jm  and  silence,  I  said  to  them:  "Boys,  how  do  you  like  the  cav- 
alry?" One  spoke  up:  "O  Colonel,  this  is  not  the  regular  cavalry!"  Another 
replied:  "I  think  it  lias  been  pretty  d— n  regular  for  the  last  forty-eight  hours!" 

I  have  failed  to  get  any  further  information,  except  as  follows: Orrick,  killed 

at  Adairsville,  June  27,  1864;  John  S.  Spears,  at  Franklin,  December  1, 1S64;  both 
of  Company  K.  And  to  till  the  blank  in  the  roster  of  Company  I),  first  organiza. 
tion:  Captain,  Elmon  Colville;  First  Lieutenant,  Piles  Miller;  Second  Lieuten- 
ant, James  "Wallace;  Third  Lieutenant,  S.  J.  S.  Frazier.  Second  organization: 
Captain,  Joseph  Frazier;  First  Lieutenant,  Abraham  Hodge;  Second  Lieutenant, 
Thomas  Cunningham;  Third  Lieutenant,  as  given  in  narrative.  Killed  in  this 
company  additional:  Capt.  Joseph  Frazier,  at  Murfreesboro;  when  Lieut.  Frazier 
became  Captain. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        903 
THIRTY-SIXTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

Uy  R.  J.  Morgan,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

In  the  summer  of  18G1  Gen.  Leonidas  Polk  authorized  me  to  raise  a  regiment 
for  the  Confederate  service  in  Tennessee.  I  visited  Chattanooga  early  in  the  au- 
tumn of  that  year,  and  found  four  companies  there.  These  companies  induced 
me  to  take  charge  of  them.  Soon  afterward  a  battalion  of  six  companies,  then  in 
Knoxville,  under  Lieut.-eol.  Dunn  and  Major  Camp,  made  a  proposition  to  unite 
with  the  companies  I  had,  and  form  a  regiment.  This  was  done.  T  was  elected 
Colonel,  Dunn  was  elected  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Camp  Major.  After  the  for- 
mation of  the  regiment,  it  was  styled  the  Thirty-sixth  Tennessee  Confederate  Reg- 
iment, and  the  officers  were  commissioned  as  such.  John  L.  Hopkins,  of  Chatta- 
nooga, was  appointed  by  me  as  Adjutant  of  the  regiment.  Hopkins  was  a  promi- 
nent lawyer  at  Chattanooga,  and  since  then  moved  to  Atlanta,  at  which  place  lie 
rose  to  eminence  in  his  profession,  and  lias  been  upon  the  bench  in  that  State. 
Lieut.-col.  Dunn  also  moved  to  Atlanta  since  the  war.  ILe  was  also  a  lawyer. 
Major  Camp  was  badly  wounded  during  the  war,  losing  both  eyes.  He  lias  since 
died.     The  Quartermaster  was  Capt.  Cate;  Commissary,  Capt.  Campbell. 

Our  regiment  was  ordered  to  Cumberland  Cap.  We  readied  there  in  the  win- 
ter of  1861-2,  and  remained  there  for  several  months.  We  were  first  in  a  brigade 
commanded  by  Col.  Bains,  afterward  Gen.  Rains.  While  under  his  command,  we 
had  an  engagement  with  the  Federal  forces  under  Gen.  Morgan,  of  Ohio,  in 
that  engagement  the  regiment  bore  its  part  with  gallantry.  We  lost  one  man 
killed  and  several  wounded. 

Early  in  the  spring  of  1SG2  the  brigade  to  which  our  regiment  belonged  was 
placed  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Stevenson.  The  department  was  commanded 
by  Gen.  Kirby  Smith.  "While  Gen.  Stevenson  was  in  command  at  Cumberland 
Gap,  we  had  another  engagement  with  the  enemy  under  Gen.  Carter.  This  was 
in  March,  1862.  The  position  of  our  regiment  upon  the  mountain  was  immedi- 
ately in  the  Gap,  the  most  responsible  and  dangerous  position  in  the  line.  I  had 
also  under  my  command  at  that  time  a  battery  stationed  near  our  works.  The 
engagement  in  March  also  showed  the  gallantry  of  the  regiment  under  fire.  The 
enemy  concentrated  its  heaviest  tire  upon  our  works.  Our  loss  in  that  emrn:re- 
rnent  was  small — one  or  two  men  killed  and  several  wounded.  It  was  believed 
at  that  time  that  the  enemy  was  making  an  effort  to  flank  our  works  and  get  in 
our  rear.  I  remember  that  Gen.  Stevenson  called  a  consultation  of  the  Colonels 
of  his  command,  and  fully  laid  before  us  his  information  and  his  plans.  The  Fed- 
eral force  was  very  large,  and  in  certain  contingencies  it  was  contemplated  that 
we  should  retire.  I  opposed  this,  believing  that  we  were  stronger  on  the  mount- 
lain  than  in  retreat.  I  rememher  Gen.  Stevenson  asked  us  if  our  regiments  would 
stand  by  us  in  a  siege.  I  spoke  for  mine,  and  said  it  would,  and  rather  than  sur- 
render I  would  carry  my  regiment  with  me  through  the  mountains.  I  consulted 
-with  my  officers,  and  they  agreed  to  stand  by  me.  The  necessity  did  not  arise. 
The  officers  and  men  were  true  to  me,  and  were  always  brave  and  gallant  in  the 
time  of  trial. 

Some  time  in  the  summer  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Savannah,  Ga.  The 
euemv  had  moved  from  our  front,  and  Savannah  was  threatened.     The  rejriment 


901  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


was  stationed  in  Savannah  fur  some  time,  how  long  I  do  not  recall.  I  tendered 
to  the  War  Department  my  resignation  as  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  It  was  not 
accepted.  I  received  a  letter  from  the  Secretary  of  War  asking  me  to  withdraw 
it,  which  I  did.  I  was  then  ordered  to  join  the  army  ir  Tennessee,  and  placed 
upon  the  staff  oi  Lieut.-gcn.  Polk  in  order  to  organize  the  military  courts  of  his 
corps.  Capt.  Alley  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  With  its  subsequent 
history  I  am  unacquainted.  I  think  it  was  consolidated  with  Gen.  Ben  Hill's 
Tennessee  regiment. 

My  own  war  history  after  this  is  simply  that  I  remained  with  Gen.  Polk  until 
his  death  near  Atlanta.  I  was  with  that  gallant  officer  for  many  months  through 
the  trials  and  vicissitudes  of  the  war.  After  Gen.  Polk's  death  the  War  Depart- 
ment ordered  me  to  Georgia,  to  take  charge  of  what  was  called  a  court  to  settle 
claims  for  property  taken  by  the  army  from  citizens  in  Georgia.  I  was  thus  en- 
framed when  the  war  ended. 


FORTY-SIXTH  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  J.  M.  Clark,  Paris,  Tenn. 

Under  a  call  from  the  Governor  of  Tennessee,  Isham  G.  Harris,  the  Fortv- 
sisth  Regiment  of  Tennessee  troops  were  organized  in  Paris,  Tenn.,  on  the  29th 
day  of  November,  1861.  The  following  officers  were  elected:  J.  M.  Clark,  Colo- 
nel; J.  W.  Johnson,  Lieutenant-colonel;  James  S.  Brown,  Major;  J.  S.  Dawson, 
Adjutant;  J.  D.  Wilson,  Sergeant-major;  S.  IT.  Caldwell,  Surgeon;  Thomas  Tal- 
iaferro, Assistant  Surgeon;  S.  J.  Pay,  Commissary;  B.  F.  Pidgeway,  Quarter- 
master. Co.  A,  J.  A.  Allen,  Captain;  Co.  B,  J.  W.  Weldon,  Captain;  Co.  C,  J. 
W.  Harris,  Captain;  Co.  D,  S.  C.  Cooper,  Captain;  Co.  E,  W.  A.  Tharpe,  Cap- 
tain; Co.  F,  J.  C.  Poyner,  Captain;  Co.  G,  W.  P>.  Vancleave,  Captain;  Co.  If,  J. 
IT.  Hannah,  Captain;  Co.  I,  P.  A.  Owens,  Captain;  Co.  K,  J.  II.  PaschalJ,  Cap- 
tain. The  number  of  the  regiment  should  have  been  forty-three  instead  of  forty- 
sir.  The  Secretary  of  Stat?  made  the  mistake  inadvertently.  It  was  organized 
before  the  regiment  that  had  that  number. 

The  command  was  ordered  to  go  into  camp  at  Henderson  Station,  Tenn.,  but 
before  reaching  that  point  was  placed  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Leonidas  Polk, 
and  by  him  ordered  to  Union  City.  The  only  arms  in  the  command  were  some 
squirrel -rifles  and  double-barreled  shot-guns.  After  remaining  a  few  weeks  at 
Union  City,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Island  No.  10,  in  the  Mississippi  Piver. 
Co.  C,  Capt.  Harris,  was  detailed  to  guard  the  bridges  on  the  Mobile  and  Ohio 
railroad,  near  Union  City.  Two  companies,  under  the  command  of  Major  Brown, 
were  stationed  at  Hickman,  Ky.  The  other  companies  went  to  Island  Xo.  10. 
A  ditch  had  been  cut  from  the  river  to  Reel  foot  Lake,  on  the  Tennessee  shore, 
about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  above  the  head  of  Island  Xo.  10.  At  this  point  we 
halted,  and  began  to  throw  up  earth-works,  and  in  a  few  days  to  throw  up  works 
upon  the  island  and  at  different  points  on  the  Tennessee  shore.  On  the  9th  day 
of  March,  1S02,  Gen.  Polk  evacuated  Columbus,  Ky.,  and  fell  back  to  the  island, 
also  occupying  New  Madrid.  On  the  night  of  the  12th,  after  resisting  the  ap- 
proach of  the  Federals,  the  forces — about  two  thousand  men — left  New  [Madrid, 
and  were  landed  on  the  Tennessee  shore,  opposite  the  island.     On  the  morning 


.Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        905 


of  the  l°>th  of  March  the  rebel  jgun-boiit  "Grampus"  gave  the  alarm  thai  the 
gun-boats  were  approaching,  and  in  a  short  time  three  appeared  and  commenced 
shelling  our  position^  and  night  and  day  for  twenty-three  days  the  bombardment 
continued.  Gen.  Polk  had  left  Geo.  McGow-n  in  command,  and  he  "had  gone  to 
Corinth,  garrisoning  Fort  Pillow  on  his  way.  The  command  left  at  the  island 
was  very  poorly  armed.  But  fen-  had  any  other  than  the  ordinary  shot-gun  and 
rifle.  We  had  about  forty  pieces  of  artillery  mounted  on  the  Tennessee  shore 
and  upon  the  island.  One  very  heavy  piece  on  the  island  burst  on  the  third 
shot  being  fired  from  it.  The  Mississippi  River  had  overflowed  its  banks,  and 
the  low  country  was  submerged.  One  advance  battery,  known  as  Rocker's,  had 
to  be  manned  and  worked  in  water  knee-deep.  The  Federals  came  down  one 
night  during  a  storm,  and  spiked  all  the  guns  at  this  battery.  On  the  night  of 
the  5th  of  April,  during  a  terrific  thunder-storm,  a  gun-boat  passed  our  batteries. 
Gen.  McCown  had  been  ordered  away,  leaving  Gen.  Marsh  Walker  in  command. 
He  having  been  ordered  away,  Gen.  Mackall,  of  A.  S.  Johnston's  staff,  was  given 
the  command  about  the  1st  of  April.  On  Sunday  morning,  April  6,  the  writer 
went  to  Gen.  Maekall's  quarters,  and  told  him  a  gun-boat  had  passed  our  position 
and  was  then  lying  at  New  Madrid.  The  General  remarked  that  we  would  capt- 
ure it;  but  we  did  not.  On  the  night  of  the  Gth  another  gun-boat  passed  below 
us.  On  Monday  a  consultation  was  held,  and  a  retreat  was  determined  upon,  and 
so  ordered;  but  for  some  cause  unknown  to  the  writer  a  halt  was  made,  and  the 
opportunity  for  escape  was  lost.  At  sundown  the  command  was  drawn  up  in  two 
lines  two  hundred  yards  apart,  fronting  north  and  south,  with  orders  to  prepare 
for  action,  the  enemy  having  surrounded  our  position.  At  twelve  o'clock  r.M.  we 
were  surrendered.  Capt.  Harris,  of  Co.  C,  not  being  with  the  command,  was  not 
surrendered.  He  was  ordered  to  Corinth,  and,  going  into  Kentucky  with  Bragg, 
was  severely  wounded  in  the  fight  at  Perry  ville,  being  made  a  cripple  for  life. 

"While  this  little  army  had  no  fighting  to  do,  and  was  but  poorly  prepared  with 
arms  for  twenty- five  days,  almost  the  entire  time  every  man  was  on  guard  duty, 
there  being  a  coast  of  thirty-five  miles  to  guard  and  about  fifteen  hundred  men 
all  told.  After  the  surrender,  many  escaped  by  crossing  Reelfoot  Lake  upon  rafts, 
etc.  The  Forty-sixth  lost  two  men  on  Sunday,  both  being  struck  by  grape-shot 
from  a  gun-boat  The  officers  were  carried  to  Camp  Chase— Columbus,  Ohio — and 
in  a  short  time  were  removed  to  Johnson's  Island.  The  privates  were  carried  to 
Camp  Douglas,  near  Chicago.  About  the  1st  of  September  we  left  Johnson's  Isl- 
and, met  the  men  at  Cairo,  and  proceeded  down  the  Mississippi  in  boats.  On 
the  18th  we  were  formally  exchanged  at  Vi:ksburg. 

A  few  days  after  the  exchange  the  regiment  was  reorganized  at  Jackson  by 
electing  J.  S.  Dawson,  Colonel;  K.  A.  Owens,  Lieutenant-colonel;  J.  D.  Wilson, 
Major;  T.  M.  Huds,  Adjutant;  J.  T.  Williams,  Quartermaster;  J.  T.  Mathias, 
Surgeon.  The  writer  of  this  went  to  the  Trans-Mississippi  Department,  and  served 
the  remainder  of  the  war  with  the  Thirty-third  Texas  Cavalry.  Was  with  Ma-. 
grader  at  Galveston,  Taylor  at  Mansfield,  Mt.  Plea-ant,  Yellow  Lagoon,  and  to 
the  surrender. 

From  Vicksburg  the  Forty-sixth  Regiment  was  ordered  to  Holly  Springs,  and 
upon  arrival  was  ordered  to  march  across  the  country  to  reenforce  Vancleave  and 
Price,  but  were  met  eight  miles  from  Holly  Springs  by  the  retreating  columns. 
They  were  then  ordered  to  Port  Hudson,  and  remained  there  until  the  place  war, 


906  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 


evacuated  The  regiment  was  then  ordered  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  resistance  to  Grant's  move  against  that  city,  and  was  then  ordered  to 
Nashville.  About  that  time  this  regiment  was  consolidated  with  the  Fifty-fifth 
Tennessee.  • 

In  the  spring  of  1864  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Dal  ton,  Ga.,  and  tlien  back 
to  Mobile;  then  to  Atlanta.  It  took  part  in  the  battles  at  New  Hope  Church 
and  Kennesaw  Mountain,  in  this  fight  losing  five  killed  out  of  about  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  men.  Lost  two-thirds  of  all  in  the  fight  on  the  28th  of  July. 
Marched  with  Hood  into  Tennessee,  leaving  many  on  the  field  at  Franklin  and 
before  Nashville;  retreated  into  North  Carolina,  and  surrendered  with  Johnston 
at  the  close. 


FIFTY-FIRST  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  G.  W.  Smitheall,  Covington,  Tenn. 


The  companies  composing  the  Fifty-first  Tennessee  Regiment  were  organized 
during  the  summer  and  foil  of  the  year  1861  in  the  counties  of  Shelby,  Tipton, 
and  Madison.  The  companies  were  ordered  to  rendezvous  at  Henderson  Station, 
in  Madison  county,  in  November,  1861,  where  the  regiment  was  partly  organized 
in  December  following  by  the  election  of  Capt.  B.  M.  Browder,  of  Tipton  county, 
as  Colonel;  Dr.  John  Chester,  of  Madison  county,  Lieutenant-colonel;  Capt.  Ed- 
ward Clark,  of  Madison  county,  Major;  and  Eev.  Mr.  rage,  Chaplain. 

In  February,  1862,  the  regiment  was  ordered  from  Henderson  Station  to  Fort 
Henry,  on  the  Tennessee  River;  remained  there  a  few  days,  when  it  was  ordered 
to  Fort  Donelson,  which  point  only  a  portion  of  the  regiment,  with  Major  Clark, 
reached  in  time  to  take  part  in  the  engagement,  and  was  surrendered  with  the 
Confederate  troops  when  the  fort  was  taken. 

The  remainder  of  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  and  after  the 
battle  of  Shiloh  was  consolidated  with  the  Fifty-second  Tennessee  Regiment; 
and  shortly  thereafter  an  election  was  ordered  for  field  officers  in  rive  two  resi- 
ments,  when  Col.  Chester  was  elected  Colonel;  Capt.  E,  O.  Shelton,  cf  Tipton, 
Lieutenant-colonel;  and  G.  W.  Smitheall,  of  Tipton,  Major.  The  latter,  how- 
ever, declined  the  position,  and  Capt.  A.  Wilson,  of  the  Fifty-second  Tennessee 
Regiment,  was  elected  in  his  stead.  Henry  Sanfcrd,  of  Tipton  county,  was  ap- 
pointed Quartermaster;  Thomas  Beverage,  of  Madison  county.  Commissary;  Dr. 
T.  W«  Roane,  of  Tipton  county,  Surgeon;  and  Dr.  J.  R.  Sanford,  of  Tipton  county. 
Assistant  Surgeon.  At  this  date  the  regiment  was  composed  of  the  following  com- 
panies: Company  A,  Capt.  James  Ho;lges;  Company  B,  Capt.  O.  D.  Weaver;  Com- 
pany C^Capt.  J.  S.  Hall;  Company  D,  Capt.  William  Campbell ;  Company  E,  Capt. 

S.  E.  Sherrill;  Company  F,  Capt. Barnet;  Company  G,  Capt.  G.  C.  HowanJ: 

Company  FI,  Capt.  J.  C.  Hudson;  Company  I,  Capt.  D.  G.  Godwin;  Company  K. 
Capt.  John  Dickerson. 

On  the  reorganization  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  the 
regiment  was  placed  in  the  brigade  of  Brig. -gen.  Daniel  S.  Donelson,  Maj.-gen. 
B.  F.  Cheatham's  division,  and  continued  with  the  brigade  and  division  until  the 
surrender  of  the  army  in  the  spring  of  1865.    After  the  retirement  of  Geo.  Doa- 


Segmental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.       907 


elson  from  active  service,  the  brigade  was  commanded  by  Brig.-gen.  M.  J.  Wright ; 

and  later  by  Brig.-gens.  Jolm  C.  Carter  and  G.  W,  Gordon. 

In  I860,  while  the  army  was  in  camp  at  Shelby  ville,  Tennessee,  the  porti  :i  of 
the  regiment  surrendered  at  Fort  Donelson  was  excliooged,  and  Col.  B.  31.  Lto'x- 
der  procured  an  order  from  the  War  Department  at  Richmond  to  have  the  reg- 
iment reorganized,  when  Col.  Chester  was  reelected  Colonel;  Capt.  John  G.  Hall, 
of  Tipton  county,  was  elected  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Lieut.  Jolm  T.  William- 
son, now  of  Columbia,  Term.,  Major.  Capts.  Sanford  and  Beverage  were  re- 
appointed. Dr.  Roane  was  reappointed  Surgeon,  and  Capt.  D.  G.  Godwin  was 
appointed  Assistant  Surgeon  in  the  place  of  Dr.  J.  K.  Sanford,  resigned. 

When  organized  the  regiment  was  about  eight  hundred  strong;  was  composed 
of  good  material,  having  quite  a  number  of  men  of  families  on  its  muster-rolls; 
was  in  every  general  engagement  of  the  Army  of  Tennessee  from  Shiloh  to  Frank- 
lin; and  was  surrendered  in  April,  1805,  at  Greensboro,  N.  C. 

We  have  been  able  to  obtain  but  few  of  the  names  of  the  brave  men  of  this 
regiment  who  left  their  homes— and  some  of  them  their  families  and  little  ones 
— and  sacrificed  their  lives  in  the  defense  of  their  loved  Southland.  The  regi- 
ment lust  heavily  in  killed  and  wounded  at  Perryville,  Murfreesboro,  Chicka- 
matiga,  and  Franklin;  and  not  a  few  of  their  number  fell  at  Dalton,  at  Resaca, 
on  the  Kennesaw  line,  on  Pine  Mountain,  around  Atlanta,  and  at  Jonesboro. 

The  regimental  flag  had  inscribed  on  it,  "  Shiloh,  Perryville,  and  MnrSrees- 
boro,"  as  a  recognition  of  the  gallantry  of  that  regiment  on  the  field  in  those  en- 
gagements. 


FIFTY-SECOND  TENNESSEE  INFANTRY. 

By  B.  J.  Lea,  Brownsville,  Tens'. 

The  Fifty-second  Tennessee  was  organized  at  Henderson  Station,  now  in  the 
county  of  Chester,  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1862.  Benj.  J.  Lea  was  elected 
Colonel; Oliver,  Lieutenant-colonel;  and  T.  G.  Handle,  Major.  Tiie  compa- 
nies were  commanded  by  Captains  Nat.  Wesson,  J.  A.  Russell,  A.  W.  Wilson, 

Riley  Akin,  Joe  G.  Thomasson, McCollum,  Joe  Thomas,  Jack  McMillin,  John 

Estes,  and  W.  J.  "Williams.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Fort  Henry,  and  was  c  n 
the  way  when  the  fort  fell.  They  were  then  ordered  to  Columbus,  Ky.;  but  en 
account  of  sickness  in  the  regiment  and  the  inclement  weather,  they  were  ordered 
to  return  to  their  camp  at  Henderson.  The  regiment  suffered  greatly  from  mea- 
sles, and  when  they  were  afterward  ordered  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  a  few  weeks  before 
the  battle  of  Shiloh,  not  more  than  half  its  members  were  able  for  duty.  The 
regiment  received  muskets  only  a  few  days  before  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  which  was 
on  the  6th  and  7th  of  April,  1SG2.  In  that  fight  the  regiment  suffered  greatly  in 
killed  and  wounded.  Co.  B,  it  is  remembered,  lost  ten  in  killed  and  wounded, 
and  each  of  the  other  companies  probably  as  many. 

About  the  last  of  April  or  the  first  of  May,  1862,  the  Colonel  cf  the  Fiftj-sec- 
ond  being  absent  sick  and  wounded,  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  regiments 
were  consolidated  by  order  of  Gen.  Bragg,  and  Col.  John  Chester,  of  the  Fifty- 
first  was  placed  in  command.  We  were  assigned  to  Donaldson's  brigade,  Cheat- 
ham's division,  and  were  with  that  division  at  Perrvville  and  Murfreesboro. 


908  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

In  June,  1863,  by  order  of  the  War  Department,  there  was  a  reorganization  of  the 
Fifty-second  at  Shelbyville.  Benj.  J.  Lea  was  reelected  Colonel,  John  Estes elected 
Lientenant-eolonel,  and  T.  G.  Bundle  reelected  Major.     The  regiment  was  again 

consolidated  with  the  Fifty-first.  Col.  John  Chester  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  consolidated  regiment,  and  Col.  Lea  was  ordered  to  command  of  the  post  at 
Huntsville,  Ala.,  relieving  Gen.  Bate,  who  was  ordered  to  his  brigade.  It  is  a 
matter  of  regret  that  no  memorandum  is  at  hand  by  which  the  names  of  the 
Lieutenants  and  privates  can  he  given — men  who  helped  to  make  a  name  and 
renown  for  Cheatham's  division,  and  who  so  gloriously  aided  other  Tennesseans 
in  maintaining  the  military  renown  of  the  Volunteer  State. 


FiRST  ALA.,  TENN.,  AND  MISS.   INFANTRY. 

Ey  Alpkeus  Baker,  Louisville,  Ky. 

I  was  a  Captain  in  the  First  Alabama  Regiment,  at  Pensacola — Col.  Henry  D. 
Clayton,  afterward  Major-general  —  when  I  received  a  telegram  in  December. 
1861,  from  Fort  Pillow,  Tenn.,  informing  me  that  I  had  been  elected  Colonel  cf 
a  regiment  just  organized  there.  I  accepted,  and  went  to  Fort  Pillow  a  short 
time  before  Christmas.  I  found  there  a  regiment  composed  of  four  Alabama, 
four  Tennessee,  and  two  Mississippi  companies.  Col.  Win.  T.  Avery,  of  Tennes- 
see, was  Lieutenant-colonel,  and Cansler,  of  Mississippi,  Major.     The  four 

Tennessee  companies  were  the  following: 

Co.  A:  Composed  almost  entirely  of  Irishmen.     Enlisted  in  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Joseph  Barbiere,  of  Memphis,  Captain;  Brooks,  First  Lieutenant;  T.  J. 

Spain,  Second  Lieutenant.     The  other  officers  I  cannot  recollect. 

Co.  II :  John  R.  Farabee,  of  Memphis,  Captain.  Names  of  the  other  officers 
not  remembered.     Company  enlisted  in  Shelby  county,  Tennessee. 

Co.  G:  Captain,  J.  L.  Morphis;  First  Lieutenant,  W.  J.  McAlpine.  Company 
enlisted  in  McXairy  county,  Tenn. 

Co.  K:  Captain's  name  forgotten.  First  Lieutenant,  James  Rogers;  Second 
Lieutenant,  A.  M.  Duncan.  Company  enlisted  in  the  county  in  Tennessee  in 
which  is  Jenkins's  Depot. 

A.  S.  Levy,  of  Memphis,  was  Quartermaster,  and  L.  D.  F.  McVay,  of  Pocahon- 
tas, McNairy  county,  Tenn.,  Commissary  of  the  regiment. 

By  a  compromise  the  regiment  was  called  the  -  First  Alabama,  Tennessee,  and 
Mississippi  Regiment.''  It  did  garrison  duty  at  Fort  Pillow,  Tenn.,  of  which  Col. 
L.  M.  Walker,  of  Memphis,  was  commandant,  until  Feb.  26,  18(32,  when  it  was 
ordered  to  Xew  Madrid,  Mo.  It  was  poorly  armed,  and  I  remember  that  on  going 
up  the  river  on  the  "  Vieksburg"  from  Fort  Pillow,  and  expecting  to  meet  the 
enemy  at  Xew  Madrid,  we  sat  up  all  night  molding  bullets  and  folding  powder 
in  papers,  as  a  druggist  would  medicine,  for  cartridges.  At  Xew  Madrid,  in  a  for- 
tification which  we  erected. by  building  a  breastwork  from  St.  John's  Bayou  to  the 
Mississippi  River,  we  were  besieged  by  a  vastly  superior  force  under  Gen.  John 
Pope  until  the  night  of  Thursday,  March  13,  1802,  when  we  evacuated  New  Mad- 
rid, ciossing  the  river  in  the  steamer  "£>e  Soto"  to  the  Kentucky  bhore. 


Regimental  Histories  and  Memorial  Rolls.        909 


We  were  engaged  in  attempting  to  hold  Island  No.  10  until  April  8,  being  irst 
under  the  eonmiand  of  Gen.  L.  M.  Walker,  then  Gen.  A.  I\  MeCown,  and  I.  illy 
Gen.  W.  W.  Mackall  ( pronounced  Ma-kle),  who  surrendered  to  Gen.  Pope  on  the 
last-named  day.  The  men  went  to  Cam})  Douglas  as  prisoners  of  war,  and  lite  offi- 
cers first  to  Camp  Chase  and  then  to  Johnson's  Island.  These  were  exchanged 
at  Yieksburg,  and  upon  reorganization  went  into  some  Tennessee  regiment.  The 
remainder  of  the  companies  went  into  a  regiment  tirst  called  the  Fiftieth  Ala- 
bama and  afterward  the  Fifty-fourth  Alabama,  of  which  I  was  Colonel.  I  kept  a 
journal,  in  which  are  preserved  many  things  which  I  am  sure,  however  creditable 
to  the  endurance  and  courage  of  those  brave  men,  could  not  go  into  so  condensed 
a  sketch  as  this  must  necessarily  be. 


LOOKOUT  ARTILLERY. 

By  R  .  L.Watkims,  Chattanooga,  T  e  n  k  . 

This  battery  was  organized  on  April  4,  18G2,  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  with  eighty- 
five  members.  Its  officers  were :  Robert  L.Barry,  Captain;  Kichard  L.  Watkine, 
First  Lieutenant;  James  Lauderdale,  Second  Lieutenant;  John  M.  Armstrong, 
Third  Lieutenant;  and  John  S.  Springfield,  Fourth  Lieutenant.  All  continued 
with  the  battery,  and  in  active  service,  until  surrendered. 

The  first  service  this  battery  was  engaged  in  was  the  defense  of  its  own  city — 
Chattanooga,  Tenn. — in  July,  1862. 

On  Gen.  Bragg's  advance  into  Kentucky,  in  August,  1862,  this  battery  was  or- 
dered by  land  to  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  to  go  with  Gen.  Cleburne's  brigade;  but,  fail- 
ing to  reach  Knoxville  in  time,  it  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the 
Gulf,  at  Mobile,  Ala.,  and  was  under  command  of  Brig.-gen.  James  Canty,  ana 
stationed  at  Pollard,  Ala- 
in the  spring  of  1S63  it  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the  Mississippi, 
with  Maj.-gen.  Loring's  division,  and  was  assigned  to  a  brigade,  commanded  for 
awhile  by  Brig.-gen.  A.  Buford,  and  afterward  by  Brig.-gen.  John  Adams,  of 
Tennessee.  It  was  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  in  all  the  cam- 
paigns in  which  Gen.  Loring's  division  was  engaged. 

This  battery,  with  Gen.  Polk's  corps,  joined  the  Army  of  Tennessee  at  Resaca, 
Ga.,  May  13, 1S64,  and  was  there  acrorded  the  honor  of  the  defense  of  the  bridge; 
and  from  Resaca  it  was  honored  with  the  position  of  defending  the  approach  to 
the  railroad  all  the  way  to  Atlanta,  Ga.  There  it  occupied  the  most  dangerous 
position  around  the  city.  This  battery  was  regarded  by  the  commanding  General 
of  the  army  in  which  it  had  served  so  long  as  one  of  the  best  that  could  be  found 
in  the  army.  It  was  engaged  in  all  the  battles  from  Resaca  to  Atlanta— viz.,  Re- 
saca, Lost  Mountain,  Kennesaw  Mountain,  Chattahooche  River,  and  Peach-tree 
Creek  on  July  20,  1854. 

On  Gen.  Hood's  advance  into  Tennessee  in  the  fall  of  1864  this  batterv  v.us 
ordered  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  to  garrison  that  place  and  protect  the  supplies  that 
were  being  sent  there  for  Gen.  Hood's  army.  After  that  army  returned  from 
Tennessee  we  were  ordered  to  Mobile,  Ala.,  and  were  selected  out  of  ujanv  other 


910  Military  Annals  of  Tennessee. 

batteries  to  be  sent  to  defend  Spanish  Fort,  near  Mobile,  which  was  already 
closely  surrounded  by  the  Federal  troops.  After  two  days'  hard  fighting  this 
fort  was  abandoned  on  the  Sth  of  April,  1S65,  and  we  were  sent  back  to  MobiJe; 
from  thence  to  Deruopolis,  Ala.;  thence  to  Meridian,  Miss.,  at  which  place  we 
surrendered  on  the  10th  of  May,  1865;  and  on  the  13th  of  May  the  battery  dis- 
banded, each  man  taking  his  own  way  homeward,  with  a  consciousness  that  the 
failure  of  the  cause  for  which  he  was  contending  was  not  attributable  to  his 
want  of  fidelity  or  devotion. 


THE  EXD. 


90